10.
11.
12.
1. 2.
3.
4.
5. 6. 7.
8. 9.
retrofit proposals for office, grant thornton house The six design proposals are applied to one of the office buildings on the Euston site.
LEGEND 1. Additional load bearing structure to support weight of swimming pools 2. Swimming pools 3. New vertical circulation on outside of building 4. Tea room hanging from building 5. Collaboration enclosure 6. Lift shaft converted to ventilation chimney 7. Collaboration desk 8. Void with dance floor beneath
9. Lifts moved to outside of building 10. Structure for elevator mechanism 11. Ventilation chimney 12. Window to swimming pool, allowing an exercising worker to enjoy the view, and light, filtered through the pool, to enter into the offices
on one end and `segmentation' on the other. A person who has fully integrated family and work makes no distinction about what belongs to home and what belongs to work: the
people, thoughts, intellectual and emotional approaches are the same, no matter whether the task has to do with work or with home. In contrast, segmentation involves very different intellectual and emotional approaches, as illustrated in the following interview excerpt:
OFFICE PRODUREMENT MODEL/REAL ESTATE PRACTICE - postition of design agents
FINANCIAL INVESTMENT AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
de
sig nm
‘Funky’ offices: Google Innocent Smoothies Shared Workspaces: The Hub, Islington Manchester Open Space Cooperative Club Workspace, Workspace Group
Building prgrammatic structure comprehensible to newcomer
BR
an
References:
building elements
Attending to Work/Life balance discovering continuity between work and life, examining the threshold between work and life
IEF em en tp
ag
ath
PROPERTY INVESTOR
BORDER THEORY BUILDING FABRIC
Library work facilities: Library Lab, Willesden
Central position to natural elements
Work Cafes: Carmody Groake
SALARY
Open plan office spaces: Burolandscaft Typing pool
Haptic quality to meeting/ collaboration CORPORATE BODY
ENVIRONMENTAL SHADOW
WORK/LIFE BALANCE
SPACE LAYOUT
EMPLOYEE
RENT
WORK
Inhabitable walls
Though integration has intuitive appeal as the most `balanced' approach to work and home WORK/LIFE SPECTRUM
Water running through occupied space
created a synergy between them exactly because they are separate and different. Under this model of balance, each domain provides for essential but different needs. For example, the need to achieve might be satisfied at work; the need to love satisfied at home. A mixture of
Qualities and types of mixing, placing programmes adjacent to each other. Hybridity, interweaving.
lives, in actuality there is no one desirable state of integration or segmentation. Happy, productive individuals, as well as people who describe their lives as less than ideal, can be found on all ranges of this spectrum. In fact, many people who segment work and home have
RETURN
A BUILDING WITH GLOWS... AND WITH HANDS THAT REACH OUT AND TOUCH...
distinctly different activities gives variety and excitement, and regular breaks that one domain
electric lighting
Conditioned air
complete immersion in one thing and being obsessed with it and thinking about it every minute and thinking about everything that could go wrong, anticipating everything... so I can't
integrate my lives. That would be ideal, but what I do is go into the happiness side for a while and then the obsessive side for a while. (McKenna, 1997: 56)
CAPACITIES ADDED
ANATOMY OF OFFICE BODY
WORK/LIFE SEPARATED
inputs electrical power food water air office materials humans
physical
ATMOSPHERE
Y’
F
T
O
O ‘B
outputs heat energy materials air waste actions
Work happens through movement across borders, crossing boundaries
N
AL
E XT
E
C SI
Y
PH
Time becomes a landscape
ns
g sin es s oc ne pr achi m
ma
hu
Studies have shown that your IQ falls by 10 points when you are fielding constant emails, text messages and telephone calls, as well as contact with colleagues. This is equivalent to the drop in IQ experienced after missing a night’s sleep. Men suffer from this difficulty more than women who are better able to multitask.
ure
Subject Resources Tools Furniture Colleagues Atmosphere
nit
fur
On a typical day office workers are interrupted about seven times an hour. On average people switch activities every 3 minutes. Distractions take up about 2 hours 6 minutes of each day. Employees are typically able to devote 11 minutes to a single task before they are distracted, and once interrupted it takes 25 minutes to return to the original task.
Building creates dynamic light effects, reflecting ‘wind’
Hackable building - responds to user demand/action
immaterial inputs data human contact
D
immaterial inputs data human contact work
‘Light’ architectural objects can respond to user action
COMMON LAND - sharing resources Collaboration, sharing,
physical
Accessible services
There is the 'private' me which is much more sensual. It's traveling, cooking, listening to music, reading. It's experiences, how things feel. The work person is frantic. Absorption,
BU (ca ILDIN pa cit G GL ies OW ad de d)
PUBLIC IMPACT
VIOLENTLY CHANGING CONDITIONS
Offices designed to recognise worker identity: Centraal Beheer Gunter Bahnisch’s desk
Mixing functions like a street
Unexpected encounters can provoke new ideas
WORK CULTURE
ERGONOMICS - understanding body as collection of measurable parts
SWIMMING POOL at Foster’s Willis Faber Office Building
-
working practices tools and technology organisational structures conflict and collaboration real estate practices
Atmospheric richness is a resource
PROGRAMMATIC STRIPES Allow space for worker identity to be recognised
Taking the ‘stripy’ layout of the zoetrope as a clue the rationale of the building can be arranged into programmatic stripes, that correspond to the different activities that make up an ideal working day, one that is productive, healthy, and contributes to worker wellbeing
elements of CONNECTION steps up from tube revolving door clothes exchange
THE BODY -
bridge
senses movement/physical action breathv sustenance
diving into water collaboration desk
hanging in air
passageway
video display screen
SOCIAL LIFE
NATURAL CORE
ES
RIP
f ST
eo
cap
nds
a la
- kinships - connections - teams
EUSTON OFFICE COMPLEX
ENVIRONMENT -
BALCONY
climate animal life plant life urban landscapes wild landscapes
SPARKLING FACADE interior to exterior
OFFICE FLOOR
COLLABORATION DESK
SCREEN entrance to digital world
SITE SPECIFIC STREAM common to controlled space
- communities - existing buildings - existing materials THRESHOLDS or boundaries
CONDITIONS developing a set of design rules How can a set of design rules be developed for workspaces which are sites of conflicting values and motivations. In what ways can a building accomodate contradicting behaviours? This working diagram attempts to map some of the existing conditions in office work and the design practice relating to offices, alongside a set of thematic reflections, based on how working cultures might develop in the future, and intentions to mitigate some of the issues encountered today.
THEMatic reflections
ENTRANCE street to building
CONTINUOUS WATER COMMON ENTRANCE HALL DYNAMIC THRESHOLD ANIMATED URBAN FIELD
ARCHITECTURAL intentions
worker (and visitor) hours occupation as percentage of total hours available on average weekday
number of worker (and visitor) hours occupation per workspace on average weekday
total worker hours available per 8 hour workday
no of workspaces
floor area squ m
analysis of different workspace type and use through existing office accomodation
worker hours spent in activities by level of interaction
200
150
individual workplaces
private offices
break out spaces
R
l ai
Ho
us
e
160
118.0
73
10/22
1
8
4.2
52.5
10/19
1
8
6.4
80
10/19
1
8
6.0
75
10/19
1
8
5.4
67.5
10/19
1
8
5.9
73
10/19
1
8
6.8
85
10/19
1
8
3.3
41
16 7
5 4
40 32
5.4 6.4
13 20
6
4
32
4.0
12
12/22
4
32
2.8
8
9/19
3
24
0.8
3
9/19
3
24
1.3
5
9/19
3
24
1.7
7
9/19
3
24
0.5
2
9/19
3
24
2.2
9
9/19
3
24
2.8
12
28
12
96
27.0
28
100
50
0 1
2
3-4
5-8
9-16
>16
number of wokers involved in activity
200
worker hours spent in different workspaces
150
group workplaces
meeting rooms
flexible partitions allowing the meeting rooms of 50 squ. ft to be divided into two spaces, accomodating 8 people each
20
33
8
64
19.5
30
50
20
160
23.7
15
50
20
160
40.5
25
45
12
96
16.8
17
23
6
48
12.4
26
15
-
-
-
12
-
-
-
12
-
-
-
material store
15
-
-
-
paper store
27m
touchdown/reception
39
1
8
7.0
88
corridor
201
141
1128
330.8
34
k or 15 tw 2 Ne 00m rs 9 oo B - fl K t OC in ce BL tpr ffi o o fo of ng i No vic r Se
kitchen/tea room
resource rooms support spaces
number of worker hours
plan of existing office accomodation @1:250 total floor area per employee - 1868 squ ft
180
number of worker hours
open plan
100
50
0 workspace type
circulation
totals
Freightliner ltd occupy the 10th floor of One Eversholt Street
additional facilities used
1868
presentation spaces large meeting rooms proposed plan, where the spots represent the range of different work encounters, the size of the spots depending on the number of workers involved, and the frequency of the spots representing the number of times such encounters occur. These encounters are distributed over a ground of different workspaces laid out as stripes, with the width of the strip corresponding to the number of worker hours spent in that workspace type.
conference facilities party venue exhibitions
corporate community member Freightliner provide solutions for your rail freight needs throughout the UK, Poland and Australia. They are the UK’s most reliable rail freight operator. They currently lease one floor in One Eversholt Street in the Euston complex of office blocks. This document illustrate the way in which they occupy this existing space, and proposes a new plan for their office, to be accomodated within the Euston Worker Commons.
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
Time plan for proposed space - varying of space size through a day
Articulated floor, rising through the building, accomodating different types of work space, and holding meeting pods for collaborative work with different degrees of privacy
Void in centre brings light down into office floors
Vertical structure reuses concrete elements from Euston station
What is the logic of the connection between the two separate parts of the building?
A flexible frame held under tension around a semi enclosed garden courtyard
AXONOMETRIC
A sparkling place for concentrated work
SKETCH EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC
Enclosure adjusts to requirements
Spiral plan
Dancefloor
Proposal for a sprial floor plan combined with a garden office. Total floor area - 3,800m2
Swimming pool Collaboration pod Working with children nursery office
to Euston
SECTION
Garden
Restaurant
Physical
Collaboration
Library
Child-friendly
Service/Maintenance
PROGRAMME STRIPES
ENTRANCE 3 Main entrance for local freelancers, parents with children, retired people. Qualities required - easy access for buggies, etc. Amenities aimed at locals.
Ch wo ild fr rks ien pa dly ce
Ad
mi ni
str a
tio n
ENTRANCE 2 Service entrance, and delivery
children play area outdoor toys in enclosed courtyard, with visual connection
go
ffic
e
Ph
ysi
ca
lo
ffic
e
Op wi en p th me lan o eti ffic ng e po floo ds r
ENTRANCE 1 Users arrive from Euston station. Qualities required - that the that the building be readable for people arriving for the first time. Entrance, sites for free occupation, direction of office floors, service points, etc.
Ea
tin
SCALE OF ENCLOSURE
rd
en
off
ice
dense
Ga
elements open
GARDENER 80% of user population = 2
‘sparkling core’ (section) relaxation pods above cafe tables garden meeting rooms water boundary
pathway
open
Early plan, composing different user paths, programmatic stripes, building components
dense
swimming pool meeting room ‘sparkling core’ (section)
dense
open
open
dense
development, or, buidling can offer different face to meet each user’s individual needs and problems... Relating programmatic stripes to the structure, and points of material encounter. Considering how the building can enable activities.
Sketch of office for children - play and work coexisting, the same tool can be coopted for each activity
Sketches of garden courtyard and furniture
PLUG-IN TOILET - female toilet illustrated FLOORING PIECES - these elements demarcate the open floor slab, and create small areas for specific work teams. They also hold some servicing, for example electrical connections. There is the potential to have digital displays
TEA ROOM -
COLLABORATION ROOM - a meeting room, with a range of different coverings, such as rubber sheet, fabric, or rigid panels, allowing the users to determine the degree of enclosure that they require.
PLUG-IN MEETING ROOM
PRIVATE WORK CHAIR
CEILING PIECES - Service umbrellas hold electrical connections, and audio visual facilities, allowing users to project material onto the floor, walls, or screens
CHANGING ROOM -
TOUCHDOWN DESKS - a desk in the most public parts of the building which people can access for short periods to check their email, or carry out brief work tasks.
PLUG-IN ESCAPE STAIR -
WENDY DESK - a pair of desks enclosing a childs playhouse
1. Desk in high position for adult work, child’s table detached
2. Desk in low position for children to use, childs table creates higher surface for adult
PASSENGER LIFT LIGHT CHIMNEY - light is bought down through the building through places where the honeycomb floor slab is allowed to remain open.
HEIGHT ADJUSTABLE DESK - a desk in the most public parts of the building which people can access for short periods to check their email, or carry out brief work tasks.
4. 3.
2. 1.
ROLLING CHAIR - a comfortable chair for adults to sit on (1), can roll backwards to become a snug lounger for a child (2), or climbing apparatus (3) with tunnel beneath (4).
COLLABORATION DESK
Existing building is stripped to its vertical structure. Pylons are erected, and hanging cables
SLAB - constructed onto movable brackets fixed to central pylons, and exterior cables
PLUG-IN FACADE ELEMENTS- functional elements suspended from the cables form the walls of the building, and can be replaced as required, with new elements constructed to satisfy new functional requirements.
LAYERS TO THE FLOOR AND CEILING - a range of element temper the bare slab, and have the function a. of demarcating space within the open plan, creating smaller ‘zones’, and b. containing services, electrical points, and audio visual facilities.
ELEVATORS - move through the building on a planned rotation, providing specific functions to the working floors on a regular basis.
LIGHT
constant change
hourly
daily
weekly
monthly
yearly
bi-yearly
decades
centuries
no change
FIXED
RATE OF CHANGE
FURNITURE.
BUILDING COMPONENT TYPE
Material Digital
BUILDING ELEMENTS RESPOND TO OCCUPATION Different elements of the building are capable of changing at different rates, depending on the requirements and efforts of different delegated agents.
BUILDING ELEMENTS
780 770 760
Restaurant
750 740
Auditorium
730 720
5
710
EVENTS
700 690
Building Closed
D
680
Creche
D
D
D
DP
P
D
DP
P
P
D
DP
P
P
P
670 660
After-School Club
650 640
Cinema showing
630
P
P
620
D
DP
P
DP
DP
D
DP
P
D
D
610
MOVING FACILITIES
600
4
590
Service points
580 570
Tea/Coffee point
560 550
Tea trolley
540 530
PEAK - 24
520
USER COMMUNITIES
510
CORPORATE USERS Freightliner Ltd
D
P
P
500
P
D
DP
D
DP
P
D
DP
P
D
490 480
Euroterra Capital Ltd
3
470 460
Overseas Student Services Ltd
450
D
440
D
D
DP
P
D
DP
D
DP
P
D
DP
P
P
P
P
P
P
430
Start Up companies
420 410 400
HEALTH FACILITIES
D
390 380
Swimming Pool
D
D
P DP
P DP
P
D
370
Dance Floor
360
2
350
Female Changing Elevator (picking up)
P
330
Female Changing Elevator (dropping off)
D
Male Changing Elevator (picking up)
P
Male Changing Elevator (picking up) Undress cycle
340
D
D
320
D
DP
D
P
DP
DP
P
D
DP
DP
P
310 300 290 280 270
D
P
260
D
DP
P
D
DP
P
D
DP
P
P
D
D
250 240
1
230 220
Shower and Dress cycle
210 200 190
KEY
180 170 160 150
P
140
D
P
P
D
DP
DP
P
D
P
D
DP
D
130 120
0
110 100 90
D
80
D
DP
DP
DP
DP
DP
D
P
DP
P
P
Toilet Store Meeting pod Concentration pod Window desk Escape stair Servicing
70 60 50 40 30 20 10
KEY
0
-1
6
9
12
08.15
15
18
16.00
Netley Primary School
09.00
15.30
Christ’s Church Primary School
09.00
15.30
Regents Park Children’s Centre
10.00
Regents Park Library
10.00
West Euston Partnership
10.00
Samuel Lithgow Youth Centre Third Age Project LOCAL FACILITIES
21
12.00
A TIME LANDSCAPE
19.00 15.55
09.00
21.00 10.00
16.00
24
DISTRIBUTION OF FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS ALONG ELEVATION
3
ENTRY./EXIT POINTS
ORIENTATION
BUILDING LEVEL
METERS
Marie Fidelis Convent School
0
The activities, programmes and occupations of the building are choreographed through the day. The aim of this is to layer and juxtapose activities that would not normally find themselves together, for example a yoga class with a formal meeting, in order to promote unexpected colaborations and creative work. A futher aim is to maximise the use of the buidling, avoiding the wasteful situation where much office space is occupied for on 4 hours a day
1.
Garden
Cafe
Coillaboration
Physical exercise
Library
Child Friendly Office
programme stripes
8.
2.
9. 3.
4.
10.
11. 5.
6. 7.
e
ap hang s sw xc he ce clot sour re
ice rv se fe ca
LEGEND
10. Collaboration desk 11. Cafe table with meal being served
ice rv se
long section, 1:100
fe ca
1. Photocopy and printing elevator 2. Swimming Pool 3. Sparkling light diffuser 4. Dance floor, yoga class in progress 5. ‘Ruins’ of existing building form site for children to occupy 6. Male changing elevator 7. Entrance to Hampstead Road 8. Female changing elevator 9. Tea Station elevator h uc ns to atio iet st qu wn do
clothes swap resource xchange
service
cafe
service
cafe
st po m co
D
D
D
P
P
D
D
P
P
D
D
D
D
D
P
D
D P
P
D P
P
P
D
D P
P
D P
D P
D
D P
D P
DP
D
D
D
P
D
D
D P
P
P
D P
D
P
P
D P
D P
D
D P
P
P
D
P
D
D
D
D P
D P
D P
D
D P
D P
D P
P
D
D
D
P
D
P
P
P
P
D
D
P
D
D P
D
CHANGING FACILITIES
D
D
P
D P
P
D P
P
P
P D P
P
P
D
D
D P
P
P
P
D
D
D
D P
P D P
D P
P
P
D P
P
P
D P
D
D P
D P
D
P
P
D
D P
D
P
P
TEA ROOMS
5
PHOTOCOPIER ROOMS
FACADE PLUG-INS The facades of the building are made up of lightweight monocoque pods which hold a variety of different functions. They fit into the structure of hanging cables. They provide toilet facilities, escape stairs, meetings rooms and desk-windows. They can be configured and changed to respond to medium term changes in the requirements of the occupants. These simple structures are also hackable - they can be augmented, or redesigned as required, to accomodate unanticipated functions, or constructed specifically for the purposes of one community of users within the building.
4
FUNCTIONAL ELEVATORS The vertical void at the centre of the building holds a set of functional elevators, as well as vertical circulation. These elevators provide the changing and showering accomodation for the physical exercise facilities, office resources, and tea facilities. They are scheduled to move through the day in such a way that they visit and serve the needs of each floor as much as the occupants there require. These schedules can be adjusted as experience shows how these needs change.
3
VERTICAL ORGANISATION
TROLLEY SERVICE The ramp floor of the building provides a path for a trolley service of hot drinks and snacks that passes through the buildings, visiting each work station, providing refreshments at people’s desks if they require.
2
PHYSICAL HEALTH FACILITIES These facilities provide for the physical wellbeing of people working in the office spaces, but also provide variety and incident within that will be felt in the working spaces themselves, in order to enliven the atmosphere and give the atmosphere a creative sparkle. It is also anticipated that the facilities will provide a site unplanned encounters between workers, leading to fruitful collaborative opportunities.
1 MAGAZINE PATHWAY The open honeycomb slab that makes the floor of the building contains a set of lighting and display devices which allow the floor to communicate information to the occupants. This ‘magazine’ is sited in the pathway that snakes up in a continuous line through the spiral from the bottom to the top of the building. This facilities is used to communicate different information, for example the adjustments through the day for the different ‘ownership’ of space within the floors, and the scheduling of the functional elements that move through the building, even advertising for the businesses operating in the building, or messaging from one worker to another.
HORIZONTAL ORGANISATION
0 PROGRAMMATIC STRIPES
The plan of the building is separated into programmatic stripes, which are carried through every level of the buidling as it rises. The different programmes that the stripes hold have impacts at 2 levels. Firstly they help to increase worker wellbeing, for example through the introduction of facilities for physical exercise, or areas where children can be occupied. Secondly they are aimed at enabling the different types of work undertaken within the office, for example by providing stimulating environments, or spaces in which people can accomplish fruitful meetings. That the stripes are repeated in the same positions in plan through the rising floors is intended to aim navigation around the building - people will always know that a quiet area can be found in that side, or a cafe table in that corner.
N
ITIO B I EXH E C SPA
GAR
DEN
CAF
N
KI
E TCH
E/B
AR
ORGANISATIONAL STRATEGIES APPLIED TO THE BUIDLING
CI
A M NE
The different elements that make up the building are organised in such a way that they are available to to buildings occupants as required. The rhythms in which the functions are made available are tailored to provide facilities that can enable the carrying out of the work that is taking place, and to help the workers maintain their wellbeing and health.
Garden
Cafe
Coillaboration
Physical exercise
Library
Child Friendly Office
programme stripes
13.
14.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6.
15. 7. 8. 16.
9.
17.
18. 10.
11.
19.
12.
quiet touch down stations
20. 21. 22. 23.
plan, level 2, 1:100
LEGEND 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Escape Stair facade pod Toilet facade pod Meeting room facade pod Window desk facade pod Shared ‘library’ deskTea Station elevator Male changing elevator (above) Sparkling light diffuser hanging in building void Digital ‘feed’ path Photocopier/Printer elevator
10. Passenger lift 11. Furniture for working and for children’s play 12. ‘Ruins’ of existing building form site for children to occupy 13. Cafe table with meal being served 14. 6 person garden meeting ‘room’ 15. Garden ‘touch-down’ desks 16. Female changing elevator 17. Tea room elevator 18. Touch-down desks 19. Large garden meeting ‘room’
20. 21. 22. 23.
Collaboration room Collaboration desk Swimming pool Bridge
programmatic stripes Isometric views of four of the programmatic stripes show the relationship between the building and the activities that it enables, and how the different building elements fit in and contribute.
3. 5. 6.
4.
1. 2.
2.
3.
1.
CHILDCARE STRIPE -
PHYSICAL EXERCISE STRIPE -
1. Rolling chair in child’s lounger position 2. ‘Wendy’ desk 3. Quiet window seat 4. Desk with child’s table 5. Projectors can through interactive display onto floor 6. Partial ruins of existing building to provide landscape to explore
1. Men’s changing room elevator 2. Swimming pool 3. Women’s changing room elevator
5.
3.
2.
6.
2.
1.
1.
4.
COLLABORATION STRIPE -
1. Configurable rooms allow people to arrange meetings as they require, with the right degree of privacy and enclosure. 2. Audio visual ceiling panels allow presentation of visual material
GARDEN STRIPE -
1. Large meeting ‘room’ 2. Touch-down desks for people waiting for trains at Euston 3. Benches for informal meetings 4. 6 person meeting ‘room’ 5. Entrance to main office building
astructure a ground for dy
1.
1.
1. 1. 1.
1. 1.
1.