VTTI Annual Report 2017 by VTTI

table of contents 3 mission/vision statement vtti at a glance 4 6 institute infrastructure project highlights 10 24 Institute Organization sponsors, clients, partners 30 35 outreach and community engagement media coverage 36 38 presentations, honors, awards, Services publications 46 54 stakeholders

The Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) conducts research to save lives, save time, save money, and protect the environment. Researchers and students from multiple fields are continuously developing the techniques and technologies to solve transportation challenges from vehicular, driver, infrastructure, and environmental perspectives.

As one of seven premier research institutes created by Virginia Tech to answer national challenges, VTTI has effected significant change in public policies for driver, passenger, and pedestrian safety and is advancing the design of vehicles and infrastructure to increase safety and reduce environmental impacts.

FACILITIES/EQUIPMENT

Institute Infrastructure VTTI has an infrastructure worth more than $110 million that includes four test beds used extensively for real-world, impactful transportation research; more than 90,000 square feet of building space located onsite in Blacksburg, Va.; and more than 60 owned and leased instrumented vehicles, including connectedautomated Cadillac SRXs and an International Lone Star tractor-trailer that will soon be instrumented for automation research.

01. Test Beds

Headquartered at VTTI, the Virginia Smart Road is a 2.2-mile, controlled-access facility managed by the institute and owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT). The road itself is built to Federal Highway Administration specifications and features seven roadside equipment units and two mobile roadside equipment sites that facilitate connected-vehicle communications; an optical fiber communication system; Ethernet fiber transceivers and Ethernet switches; a connectedvehicle-compatible intersection controller model; varying pavement sections and in-pavement sensors; 75 weather-making towers capable of producing snow, rain, and fog; a differential GPS base station

for precise vehicle locating; a signalized intersection with complete signal phase and timing control; a wireless mesh network variable control system; and variable pole spacing designed to replicate 95 percent of national highway lighting systems. In 2014, VTTI partnered with VDOT to unveil the Virginia Connected Corridors (VCC), which comprise the Smart Road and Interstates 66 and 495, as well as U.S. 29 and U.S. 50 (one of the most congested corridors in the U.S.). The VCC is facilitating the realworld development and deployment of connectedvehicle technology via dedicated short-range communications and cellular technology. Using more than 60 roadside equipment units (RSEs) located along the corridors, VDOT and researchers from multiple institutes across the Commonwealth are implementing connected applications that include traveler information, lane closure alerts, and work zone and incident management. Under the umbrella of the recently completed Tier 1 U.S. Department of Transportation Connected Vehicle/Infrastructure University Transportation Center, VTTI, the University of Virginia, and Morgan State University conducted more than 20 connected projects along the VCC, including emergency vehicle-to-vehicle communications, motorcycle crash warning systems, eco-speed control, intersection management, and pavement assessment and management. In 2015, VTTI partnered with VDOT, Transurban, the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles, and HERE (a high-definition mapping business) to unveil the Virginia Automated Corridors (VAC). This initiative

provides an automation-friendly environment that government agencies, auto manufacturers, and suppliers can use to test and certify their systems, providing a system migration path from test-track to real-world operating environments. The VAC leverages extensive experience in on-road safety research to provide efficient solutions to automatedvehicle testing. The VAC was developed in answer to the Virginia governor’s 2015 proclamation declaring Virginia “open for business” in the realm of automated vehicles. The proclamation allows the testing of any automated vehicle on Virginia roads under the guidance of VTTI. The Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles will support research efforts performed by VTTI in accordance with the proclamation. With assistance from the Commonwealth of Virginia, the VAC will advance the development, testing, and deployment of automated-vehicle technology, with the ultimate goal of helping stakeholders create robust automated and autonomous vehicles. Faculty and students associated with the USDOTawarded Safety through Disruption National University Transportation Center (Safe-D National UTC)—a consortium led by VTTI with partners Texas A&M Transportation Institute and San Diego State University—have access to the Virginia Connected and Automated Corridors to perform research into

such disruptive technologies as automated and connected vehicles, as well as big data analytics and transportation as a service. Current UTC projects include identification of railroad requirements for the automated- and connected-vehicle environment, pavement perspectives in relation to automated vehicles, driver training for automated-vehicle technology, preparing work zones for automated/ connected vehicles, behavior-based predictive safety analytics, data mining to improve planning for pedestrian/bicyclist safety, using big data to assess corridor safety, and investigating opportunities for increased safety and improved mobility among older drivers. The Virginia International Raceway in Alton, Va., was established as a cooperative agreement through which VTTI can conduct connected and automated projects in a multi-use testing environment that includes both closed-course and open traffic conditions. On site at the raceway is a resort that features a 12-unit complex of residential villas, a lodge, a club house, a fullservice restaurant and tavern, administrative offices, and a spa. The raceway track can be configured to five different courses ranging from 1.1 miles to 4.2 miles and includes such topography as hairpin curves and blind passes. The Virginia International Raceway is also home to the Virginia Motorsports

FACILITIES/EQUIPMENT

Technology Park, which contains the Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation (GCAPS), an affiliated company of VTTI that features the globeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s premier force-and-moment tire test facility. In partnership with VDOT and Virginia Tech, the institute is expanding upon its Smart Road testing capabilities with a rural road test bed and surface street expansion, both of which will facilitate tailored, advanced, unique test-bed options for self-driving ground vehicles. The initiatives will encompass a residential/suburban layout that features real buildings and reconfigurable buildings, roundabout/ stop-controlled intersections, automation-compatible pavement markings, hills and curves, and connectivity to the Smart Road. The institute is also working on an automation hub initiative that will facilitate short turnaround projects focused on advanced-vehicle testing in collaboration with VTTI researchers, industry leaders, and Virginia Tech students, among others.

02. Blacksburg Facilities

The traditional laboratories at VTTI are housed in two buildings totaling more than 52,000 square feet. Building I is 30,000 square feet and houses office, laboratory, and garage facilities. Low-service laboratories include facilities dedicated to driver interface development, eye-glance data reduction, lighting research, accident analysis, accident database analysis, pavement research, and traffic simulation. The National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence building comprises 22,000 square feet of office and laboratory space and was occupied in July 2006. VTTI expanded its on-site capacity by 7,000 square feet of warehouse space and housing for a shock tube lab, a paint booth facility, and a lighting lab. An additional 24,400 squarefoot annex was opened during August 2013. To supplement and support the focused transportation research of the institute, facilities feature a fully staffed garage and machine shop to instrument experimental vehicles. Technicians and engineers use full-scale machine and welding shops, electronics laboratories, and garage facilities to customize transportation hardware and software designed to collect large amounts of data. These facilities are also used to support the maintenance and expansion of the Smart Road systems and capabilities. Additionally, VTTI occupies an adjacent four-bay, 7,200-square-foot garage. This facility is used to store the VTTI instrumented vehicle fleet and the equipment necessary for research and Smart Road operations.

03. Accelerated Pavement Testing

VDOT and VTTI launched an accelerated pavement testing program in 2015, which uses a heavy-vehicle simulator that continuously applies a weighted load to test pavements for several months. This testing simulates the natural wear and tear caused by heavy trucks on road surfaces. The program is expected to result in cost savings in road maintenance and will enable VDOT to determine how different pavement designs and materials respond to load testing prior to integration on the road. Since its inception in 2015, the program has resulted in approximately $1.1 million in expenditures.

04. VTTI Vehicle Fleet

The VTTI vehicle fleet is uniquely instrumented for specific experiments. Researchers use the vehicle fleet for Smart Road tests, and experimental test vehicles are used to develop new instrumentation packages and complement research endeavors. Several of the vehicles are long-term loaners from vehicle manufacturers, VDOT, and other partnering organizations. All vehicles are maintained in-house when possible with fully functional garages and a machine shop. Loaned vehicles are maintained in cooperation with the organization that provided the vehicle.

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

RESEARCH PROJECTS

1. In November 2016, VTTI and partners Texas A&M Transportation Institute and San Diego State University — with support from the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) — were named one of two national safety University Transportation Centers (UTCs) in a highly competitive grant process. The grant brings with it a total of almost $28 million across a five-year span to study how best to maximize the safety benefits of integrating technologies such as automation and connectivity into the transportation system. Motivated by an overall desire to promote safety on U.S. roadways, the Safe-D National UTC will focus on three key areas: performing innovative research that is led by the largest consortium of transportation safety researchers in the nation and is largely focused on advanced-vehicle technologies, transportation as a service, and “big data” analytics; education and workforce development; and sharing research findings with the broader transportation community. The Safe-D award is exemplary of the hard work and dedication VTTI researchers have collectively put into studying the future of transportation. It provides continued opportunity to work toward the safe and efficient development and deployment of the next generation of vehicles and technologies, inform national discourse about how best

to mitigate rapidly growing transportation challenges, offer students incredible hands-on experience in the field of transportation research, and provide more opportunities in the workforce. 2. In September 2016, VTTI hosted the Virginia Tech Mid-Atlantic Aviation Partnership and X’s Project Wing, which conducted research flights to deliver food using unmanned aerial vehicles. Project Wing is an innovation lab formerly known as Google[x] that incubates new breakthroughs in science and technology. The flights marked Project Wing’s first tests involving external users in the U.S. and its first collaboration with a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-approved unmanned aircraft test site. 3. VTTI is serving an integral role in the Virginia Tech intelligent infrastructure initiative, particularly in the area of advanced-vehicle research and development. In partnership with VDOT, the institute is expanding upon its Smart Road testing capabilities with a rural road test bed and surface street expansion, both of which will facilitate tailored, advanced, unique test-bed options for self-driving ground vehicles. The institute is also working on an automation hub initiative that will facilitate short turnaround projects focused on advanced-vehicle testing in collaboration with VTTI researchers, industry leaders, and Virginia Tech students, among others.

The fo l l o wing a r e h i g h li g h t e d ac h i e v e m e n t s of the V TT I co m m u n i t y duri n g

4. VTTI is a subcontractor to Morgan State University on its Tier 1 UTC, Urban Mobility & Equity Center (UMEC). UMEC is federally funded as a Tier 1 research center through the Fixing Americaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act. UMEC seeks to bolster the scientific foundation and discern equity implications for policies that focus on urban mobility. UMEC will contribute to the body of knowledge on which planning and policies are based by researching transit/ paratransit and freight planning and operations; buyersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; acceptance, affordability, and government promotion of connected and automated vehicles; and the distribution of transportation costs and benefits, including user fees and taxes. Research focus areas include increasing access to opportunities, smart cities, novel modes of transport, systems integration, analytical tools to optimize movement, and regional planning. 5. The Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) and VTTI were awarded an ARPA-E-funded project

FY17.

developing the Collaborative Optimization and Planning Transportation Energy Reduction (COPTER) control architecture. The architecture represents a complete solution for the TRANSNET goal, with comprehensive transportation network modeling, a decision-theoretic approach for system optimization, and explicit human behavior and influence modeling to maximize real-world impact. This project leverages PARC competencies in model-based control of complex systems and human cognitive modeling, the recognized leadership of VTTI in transportation modeling and control, and substantial incumbency of Xerox as a provider of transportation service solutions to U.S. cities to create a project that is meaningful, executable, and transitionable. 6. VTTI was awarded a U.S. Department of Energy project to develop a novel Eco-Cooperative Automated Control (Eco-CAC) system that integrates vehicle dynamics (VD) control with connected- and automated-vehicle (CAV) applications. The approach

FY17 is revolutionary in that it develops a next-generation, VD-controlled CAV system that builds on existing CAV technologies to reduce the energy/fuel consumption of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), battery-only electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The development of the Eco-CAC system will involve the following key steps and components: 1) Develop a CV eco-routing controller that can be used with the above vehicle types. This unique ecorouter will compute vehicle routings optimized for the individual user and entire system. 2) Develop a speed harmonization controller that regulates the flow of traffic approaching bottlenecks in the network. This controller will be fully integrated with the vehicle router, resulting in a unique strategic controller that can route traffic away from congested areas and regulate the flow of traffic entering congested areas. 3) Develop a multi-modal (ICEVs, BEVs, PHEVs, and HEVs) Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control-I (Eco-CACC-I) controller that computes and implements optimum vehicle trajectories along multiintersection roadways in consideration of dynamic vehicle queue predictions. 4) Develop an Eco-CACC-U controller that provides local longitudinal energyoptimal control in consideration of the homogenous and non-homogeneous vehicle platooning of ICEVs, BEVs, PHEVs, and HEVs. 7. VTTI continued to work with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to provide data sets and support to nine state DOT research teams working on Phase

II Implementation Assistance Program projects. The goal of these efforts is to identify safety problems and generate countermeasures that reduce risk and prevalence. 8. VTTI worked with FHWA to provide data sets to six research teams working in their respective Broad Agency Announcement efforts. These efforts are targeted toward the generation of safety interventions that reduce the incidence and severity of vehicular crashes. 9. As part of its role as operator of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Naturalistic Driving Study data set, VTTI provided data to support dozens of research projects, primarily geared toward advancing transportation safety as sponsored and performed by academic institutions, state DOTs, the federal government, research organizations, and private industry partners. 10. VTTI submitted a proposal to the Transit IDEA program to evaluate a computer-based operator education and training program. 11. VTTI submitted and was recently awarded a National Science Foundation (NSF) proposal to conduct a workshop on the challenges, benefits, and research needs of displaced workers from autonomous trucks. This proposal was recommended for funding in the Work at the Human-Technology Frontier: Shaping the Future convergence area. 12. VTTI was awarded a project from Transport Canada to develop guidelines for limiting driver distraction for devices with visual displays. 13. For the first time, VTTI was awarded two projects funded by the Federal Transit Administration

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

(FTA). The first award addresses collision avoidance systems in transit buses and involves several new collaboration partners: Pierce Transit, ROSCOMobilEye, DCS Technologies, NewFlyer, and Washington State Transit Insurance Pool. The second project addresses the evaluation of a new bus mirror design and involves New York City Transit, NewFlyer, RECARO (seat supplier), and SafeFleet. 14. VTTI was awarded a subcontract to the Intelligent Automation, Inc. (IAI) in a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project where the main contractor is the U.S. Department of Defense/Navy. 15. VTTI was awarded a contract with Volvo Trucks to work in the QUADRAE national Swedish project on driver modeling and simulation. The project involves several other new collaboration partners that include Volvo Cars, Autoliv, and VTI (the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute). 16. In collaboration with the University of Utah, VTTI resubmitted an National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21 proposal to estimate the overall prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and medication use, kidney disease, dipstick urinalysis results, and hypertension in a large cohort of truck drivers. 17. VTTI resubmitted a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) R21 proposal

to assess the prevalence of mental disorders on longhaul truck drivers. 18. Institute researchers submitted an internal NIOSH proposal (i.e., acting as a subcontractor for NIOSH) to evaluate a fatigue management program in commercial trucking operations. The proposal is expected to be awarded in October 2017. 19. VTTI continues to collaborate with 36 organizations, including Booz Allen Hamilton, Bosch, GM, Google, Honda, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan, and Volkswagen/Audi, under the NHTSA Vehicle Electronic Systems Safety IDIQ contract. This team was organized to respond to all aspects of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) project, including electronics safe reliability, cybersecurity, vehicle automation, and related human factors considerations. To date, VTTI has received awards of nearly $7 million under this contract. 20. VTTI continues to propose task orders released under a contract from the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academy of Sciences potentially worth an initial $2 million (with the possibility of additional funds). The task orders are designed to: 1) Identify critical issues associated with connected and automated vehicles that state and local transportation agencies and AASHTO will face,

FY17 2) Conduct research to address those issues, and 3) Conduct related technology transfer and information exchange activities. 21. VTTI is collaborating with National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence (NSTSCE) and the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) Oil and Gas Extraction Sector through affiliates within the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and NIOSH to investigate factors among oil and gas service fleets (e.g., shift, roadway, and driver performance) that are associated with a high number of vehicle-related fatalities. A pilot study was completed, and efforts are underway to identify good practices among large fleets and distribute them among small fleets while collecting naturalistic driving and invehicle monitoring system data. 22. VTTI is continuing its collaboration with IAI to develop a robust Multi-modal Driver Distraction and Fatigue Detection/Warning System (MDF) for commercial vehicle operations. This Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)-sponsored SBIR project was recently awarded Phase II funding. VTTI is providing expertise in the areas of driver fatigue, drowsiness, and distraction; access to its large naturalistic collection of approximately 10 million commercial vehicle miles; and testing of the MDF system with drivers on a heavy-vehicle/commercialvehicle simulator. 23. VTTI began an active sponsored research program with Transurban, a roadway operator currently overseeing major segments of Virginia’s infrastructure, such as the I-95 and I-495 highoccupancy toll (HOT) lanes in Northern Virginia. This

program is furthering advanced infrastructure and automated-vehicle technologies. 24. VTTI began a formal research relationship with the District DOT (DDOT) during FY17, thus expanding its relationship with roadway operators. The DDOT program is focused on developing operational benefits from connected vehicles through improving the department’s fleet operations. 25. As in previous years, VTTI continues to develop relationships with both public and private sponsors. This year, VTTI initiated several new relationships with proprietary sponsors, which are likely to result in continued funding in future years. In addition, VTTI has continued to develop its relationship with the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (AAM), working closely with AAM members on proprietary projects. 26. In conjunction with VDOT, VTTI continues to expand the capability and utility of the Virginia Connected and Automated Corridors (VCC/VAC), with expenditures during FY17 of nearly $700,000. VTTI extended the VCC Mobile Android phone application to support inputs from the VDOT Active Traffic Management System. VTTI also created a data interface and handling system that supports the broadcast of signal phasing and timing and geographic mapping data from six intersections in the Tyson’s Corner area of Northern Virginia. The VCC Mobile application can also receive and present the signal timing and phasing data to the driver through a user interface. 27. VTTI extended the VCC to support testing of new standardized message concepts for the Advanced

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

Message Concept Development project with the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP). These extensions supported the test and evaluation of the concepts in a real operational traffic environment. 28. VDOT and VTTI launched an accelerated pavement testing program, which uses a heavy-vehicle simulator that continuously applies a weighted load to test pavements for several months. This testing simulates the natural wear and tear caused by heavy trucks on road surfaces. The program is expected to result in cost savings in road maintenance and will enable VDOT to determine how different pavement designs and materials respond to load testing prior to integration on the road. Since its inception in 2015, the program has resulted in approximately $1.1 million in expenditures. 29. Revenue of the VTTI-affiliated Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation (GCAPS) grew by more than 30% during FY17. This increase is largely due to new clients and a substantial growth in testing conducted with established customers. 30. VTTI worked with sponsors from the Illuminating Engineering Society and Southern California Edison to form a sponsor collation of parking lot lighting research.

31. VTTI researchers have assembled a team of nine police agencies, including the Virginia State Police, to perform a field operational assessment of the lighting and markings of police vehicles. 32. VTTI built a partnership with Thomas Jefferson University to work on issues involving light and human health. 33. VTTI has made initial arrangements to create a Virginia Tech Smart Outdoor Lighting Laboratory in partnership with the Virginia Tech Corporate Research Center. 34. VTTI successfully partnered with WSP Parsons Brinkerhoff to work on the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 05-22 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; LED Lighting Specifications. 35. In 2014, VTTI began work in collaboration with several departments across campus to develop a health and injury control center. This evolving center is designed to enhance research opportunities that promote driver health and wellness and reduce injuries. To date, collaborating departments include Fralin; Psychology; Biomedical Engineering; Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise; the Virginia Tech Center for Autism Research; Computer Science; Gerontology; Construction; the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute; the Virginia Tech Child Study

FY17 Center; and the Virginia Tech Child Development Center. During 2017, faculty and researchers working under this initiative submitted white papers and proposals to several organizations, including NSTSCE, FMCSA, NIH, NIOSH, NCHRP of the TRB, and FTA. Through these efforts, the team continues to search for funding opportunities and possible collaborations. 36. Institute researchers are collaborating with the FHWA to establish and provide support for a secure data enclave at the Safety Training and Analysis Center, which allows secure access of the SHRP 2 Naturalistic Driving Study data to federal employees, state DOTs, and their research partners. 37. VTTI partnered with the Virginia Tech Psychology Department and Texas A&M University to evaluate tacit communication behaviors of drivers at pedestrian crosswalks. 38. VTTI led a project funded by FTA on collision avoidance in transit buses, which involves collaboration with the University of Washington. 39. VTTI was awarded a contract with Volvo Trucks in Sweden to represent the company in a Swedish national research project on driver modeling and simulation (QUADRAE). This work involved a close collaboration with Chalmers University in Sweden. 40. VTTI submitted a proposal with the Virginia Tech Mining Engineering Department and University of Kentucky to the Alpha foundation on automated shuttle cars in coal mines. The award decision is expected in October 2017. 41. VTTI is leading collaborative projects leveraging departments across Virginia Tech under the Safe-D National UTC. VTTI faculty are actively

developing collaborative projects with faculty and students in the College of Engineering, the College of Architecture and Urban Studies, and the College of Science. As new projects are awarded bi-annually, more collaborative projects across more departments on campus are expected. 42. VTTI is collaborating with the Virginia Center for Autonomous Systems (VACAS) and the Hume Center on a five-year, $25 million IDIQ contract awarded by NHTSA. 43. The VTTI-affiliated National Tire Research Center (NTRC) in Southern Virginia and Virginia Tech Materials Science faculty are collaborating to study ways to recycle the materials in tires to substantially reduce the resulting carbon footprint. 44. VTTI is analyzing the potential link between roadway lighting levels and physical activity levels such as walking and running with faculty from the Virginia Tech Urban Affairs and Planning, School of Public and International Affairs. 45. VTTI is a subcontractor to North Carolina A&T State University on its Tier 1 Center for Advanced Transportation Mobility (CATM) UTC. CATM is a consortium consisting of four higher education institutions: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (lead), Virginia Tech, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Daytona Beach, and the University of the District of Columbia â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Community College. These four institutions collaborate on projects focused on identifying solutions to mobility concerns within two primary areas: 1) Enabling safe and efficient mobility for vulnerable road users and 2) Optimizing mobility in emergency situations. The

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

center will address the transportation needs of an extremely broad spectrum of the U.S. population, thereby helping the nation maintain its competitive advantage in the global economy. 46. VTTI is collaborating with the Virginia Tech Psychology Department and the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute on an adolescent risk/ brain development study. Questionnaire/survey data and fMRI data are being collected on a sample of 180 teenagers in rural Appalachia. VTTI will be instrumenting 20 of these participantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; vehicles to obtain objective measures of driving performance to add to previous metrics, resulting in an overall assessment of risky behavior in these adolescents. 47. VTTI collaborated with the Virginia Tech Child Study Center to submit an NIH RO3 proposal to investigate the impact of ADHD on risky driving behavior. 48. VTTI and the Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) submitted a proposal to the NSF Big Data RFP to evaluate the driving behavior of drivers in various age cohorts. The project was recently awarded to the CHOP/VTTI team. 49. VTTI collaborated with a consortium of Australian driving researchers to submit a proposal to the Australian Research Council. The proposal seeks

to obtain funding to conduct a naturalistic driving study of Australian teenage drivers. The proposal consortium comprised researchers from University of New South Wales and Monash University. 50. VTTI is partnering with the Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) to investigate the prevalence of non-alcohol drugs in drivers arrested for impaired driving. 51. VTTI collaborated with the Virginia Tech Center for Autism Research (VTCAR) to conduct a survey of attitudes of teens with autism and their parents toward driving. 52. VTTI is leading an ongoing collaboration with researchers from the University of Virginia medical school to study the driving performance of novice teen drivers with autism. The study is using real and simulated driving metrics. 53. VTTI is collaborating with researchers at the Texas A&M Transportation Institute to study the use of child seats in ride-share vehicles. The study is part of a Safe-D National UTC project. 54. As part of a CATM UTC project, VTTI researchers are collaborating with peers at North Carolina Agricultural & Technical University to develop a mobility assistance application for pedestrians with physical disabilities.

FY17 55. VTTI formed a collaboration with researchers at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center to author papers and conduct outreach as part of the FHWA Pedestrian & Bicycle Information Center program.

EDUCATION AND OUTREACH (For more information about student involvement, please refer to the Publications and Presentations sections of this report). 1. VTTI houses close to 90% of national and international naturalistic driving data in the world. With onsite data reduction labs and extensive analysis experience, the institute realized the role it could play in helping others mine and reduce its data to answer subsequent research questions about driver behavior and performance. From a student perspective, the labs provide myriad opportunities for both undergraduates and graduates to receive advanced training and participate in data reduction and analysis activities conducted at VTTI. During FY17, the data reduction lab at VTTI employed 87 Virginia Tech students, of which 78 (90%) were undergraduates. 2. The VTTI-affiliated GCAPS has provided internships for Virginia Tech mechanical engineering students and has actively supported the Patrick Henry

Community College Motorsports Program. GCAPS representatives also sit on advisory committees for Danville Community College and host interns from the Danville-area Academy for Engineering and Technology program, which comprises high school students interested in engineering careers. 3. With support from the Virginia Tech Graduate School and in collaboration with affiliated faculty in civil and environmental engineering, industrial and systems engineering, psychology, and statistics, VTTI is offering the Human Factors of Transportation Safety Graduate Certificate Program (HFTS GCP). The certificate program is designed to create and deliver to students in-depth knowledge and marketable skills applied to the research, evaluation, maintenance, improvement, and protection of all ground transportation users and their communities â&#x20AC;&#x201C; all from a human factors perspective, which is a strong educational focus of VTTI and Virginia Tech. Students enrolled in the program will become leaders in the field of transportation safety within the Commonwealth, across the nation, and internationally. Four graduate students are currently enrolled in the certificate program, and four certificates have been awarded since the program began in 2014. 4. In collaboration with the TRB of the National Academy of Sciences, VTTI generates and makes available transportation data sets that are delivered free-of-charge to graduate students, selected through a competitive process, to support their thesis and/or dissertation research. 5. The Safe-D National UTC is committed to training the next generation of transportation

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

professionals and has a variety of opportunities available for student involvement. Each research project funded by Safe-D requires student involvement, which has the potential to develop into a thesis or dissertation project. Safe-D research projects currently fund 17 students across its partnering institutes of Virginia Tech, Texas A&M Transportation Institute, and San Diego State University (two undergraduate, nine masters, six Ph.D.), including five students from underrepresented populations. Of these 17 students supported, four are from Virginia Tech. Furthermore, faculty involved with Safe-D reported teaching 15 graduate courses (reaching 204 students) and 11 undergraduate courses (reaching 588 students). 6. The Safe-D National UTC is currently supporting a collaborative summer internship program held at Texas A&M Transportation Institute during the summer of 2017. Through this program, interns are matched with mentors and research projects, including many led by Safe-D faculty, to gain hands-on experience in transportation research. Of the 16 applications received, nine students were selected for the Summer 2017 internship program. 7. VTTI and the Safe-D National UTC are currently developing plans for the VTTI Automation

Hub. This hub is both a program and a physical structure that will be located adjacent to VTTI test tracks and garages. With support from public and private sponsors and Safe-D, the Automation Hub will provide advanced training and practical hands-on experience to students in a variety of transportationrelated areas and the opportunity to collaborate with faculty across Safe-D consortium universities. 8. Graduate students employed by various departments at VTTI worked together to coordinate the Women in Transportation Seminarâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;The Future of Transportation. The event was held August 31 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; September 1, 2016, at the Inn at Virginia Tech and brought together women accomplished in the transportation field. The seminar also included a poster session for undergraduate and graduate students and speed-mentoring sessions where students could receive guidance directly from professionals. 9. VTTI currently employs more than 20 undergraduate and graduate students as on-road and in-vehicle experimenters. 10. VTTI played an important role in the Sixth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, held in The Hague, The Netherlands, on June 8 and 9, 2017. VTTI served on both the Scientific

FY17 and Organizing committees. The Symposium was held in conjunction with the UDRIVE Final Event (UDRIVE is a European Union naturalistic driving study) and was primarily organized by the SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research. Several researchers from VTTI presented findings from the SHRP 2, motorcycle, and older driver naturalistic studies. A VTTI representative will co-edit a special issue of Safety Science highlighting papers from the 2017 Symposium. VTTI will host the 2018 Symposium, while researchers from Australia have offered to host the 2019 Symposium to highlight the results of their Australian Naturalistic Driving Study. 11. VTTI hosted the Fifth International Naturalistic Driving Research Symposium in August 2016, with Ron Medford of X (formerly Google[x]) and Dr. Bruce Simons-Morton of NIH serving as keynote speakers. Eight sessions of panels and papers, plus a poster session, were held during this biennial event that attracted representatives from government, industry, and academia worldwide. The symposium was followed by two additional conferences: the Motorcycle Research and Technology Workshop and the Women in Transportation Seminar â&#x20AC;&#x201C; The Future of Transportation. The Motorcycle Safety Foundation, Bosch, and VTTI sponsored the Motorcycle Research and Technology Workshop. More than 40 participants representing American Honda Motor Company, Suzuki, Harley-Davidson, Bosch, DENSO, Polaris, research organizations, small businesses, U.S. Army, state and federal agencies, and other academic institutions attended the workshop. Keynote speakers for the Women in Transportation

Seminar were Deborah Hersman of the National Safety Council and Dr. Ann Brach of TRB. Winners of the SHRP 2 Student Paper Competition, supported by VTTI, presented the results of their research during the symposium. 12. Planning has begun for the Seventh International Naturalistic Driving Research Symposium to be held in Blacksburg in August 2018. Select papers from the Fifth Symposium, which was held in Blacksburg in August 2016, will be published in a special edition of the Journal of Safety Research. 13. The Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) Driving Safety website was created to provide CMV drivers and trucking company safety managers with information on various topics relevant to their line of work. A current project is reviewing and revising the website to ensure that the latest information available is provided. 14. The Driving Healthy website is continually updated to provide tips and information for commercial motor vehicle drivers. The information includes Eating & Living Healthy and Prevention & Screening. The website is useful not only to professional drivers but also to the general public. 15. A VTTI researcher continues to serve on the TRB Human Factors Workshop Committee, providing valuable input into the full-day workshops that bring together the international transportation human factors community to work on the most pressing problems in the field. 16. A VTTI researcher participated in the Research Data Alliance International Data Week, the Virginia Tech Big Data Science Workshop, and the NSF West

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

Big Data Hub Transportation Data Challenge kickoff to assess and improve VTTI capabilities as a transportation data repository. 17. Along with fellow organization committee members from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), FMCSA, NHTSA, Nissan, and the University of Liege, VTTI co-hosted the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue. The conference was held in San Diego, CA, from March 20-23, 2017. This conference was bookended by the Practical Fatigue Management for Safety and Productivity workshop and the 2017 Fatigue Risk Management Regional Meeting. Keynote speakers included Christopher A. Hart, Chairman of the NTSB; and Dr. Mark Rosekind, former NHTSA Administrator. The conference had nearly 400 international attendees and 100 presentations. Select papers from the conference were included in a special issue of Accident Analysis & Prevention. 18. VTTI presented at the monthly Southwest Virginia Transportation Council. The presentation provided an overview of VTTI and current and past research. 19. VTTI co-organized the Automated Vehicles Symposium breakout session on Automated Trucking during July 2017 in San Francisco, CA.

20. VTTI established close contacts with NIOSH in the oil and gas area. This involved joining the NORA Transportation Warehouse and Utilities Counsel. VTTI also gave presentations at the Oil and Gas & Motor Vehicle working groups and held a focus group with Pioneer Energy on coaching and in-vehicle monitoring systems. VTTI also presented at the Oil and Gas Safety and Health conference organized by NIOSH. 21. VTTI gave an invited presentation at the American Trucking Association (ATA) 191st Technical Advisory Group (TAG) meeting on truck and bus maintenance. A similar presentation was held at the American Bus Association (ABA) Bus Maintenance and Repair Council. 22. VTTI presented at the RAMSES Human Modelling Conference in Troy, MI. 23. VTTI presented at the Mid-America Truck Show at the request of Northland Insurance on the results of its Collision Avoidance System Field Operational Test (CAS FOT) project. The conference was focused mainly on fleets; Northland wanted VTTI to provide information about the technology and allow fleets a chance to ask questions about the technology.

FY17 24. NHTSA and VTTI presented on the results of the CAS FOT project in the session Crash Avoidance #1: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: Product Evolution, Evaluation and Real World Deployment Challenges. 25. VTTI presented on the results of the CAS FOT project during the 2016 SAE COMVEC. 26. VTTI gave an invited presentation at the Edulog (a school bus software routing company) user conference in Las Vegas, NV. 27. From September 2012 to November 2016, VTTI led the Connected-Vehicle/Infrastructure (CVI) UTC. As part of outreach efforts associated with this program, CVI-UTC research was displayed at the Women in Transportation Seminar – The Future of Transportation, which was held August 31-September 1, 2016, in Blacksburg, VA. In addition, a researcher from VTTI displayed CVI-UTC research and demonstrated connected-vehicle technologies leveraged in VTTI/CVI-UTC projects at the VDOT 12th Annual Transportation Career Fair on October 6, 2016, in Manassas, VA. This event, which drew more than 100 employers and 1,400 high school students from the area, provided an opportunity to encourage high school students to enter careers in all fields related to transportation, building the future workforce. 28. A representative from the Safe-D National UTC presented program activities to high school students at the Thomas Jefferson Symposium to Advance Research (tjSTAR). VTTI emphasized careers available in transportation and opportunities available to students under the Safe-D EWD Program.

tjSTAR is an annual, daylong symposium at Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, the Governor’s School for Science and Technology in Northern Virginia, that offers the opportunity to share student research projects and learn about future research opportunities and potential careers. 29. VTTI staff remain active on the IES Roadway Lighting Committee, the Resilient Lighting Committee, and the Outdoor Environmental Lighting Committee. 30. VTTI remained active in the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), with one faculty member sitting on the CIE board and in charge of a research division on outdoor lighting. 31. VTTI is a subcontractor to North Carolina A&T State University on its Tier 1 CATM UTC. This center will afford students from participating institutions (North Carolina A&T, Virginia Tech, Embry Riddle, and University of District of Columbia) to effect meaningful learning opportunities across the field of transportation safety. 32. VTTI continues to support driver’s education programs at nine Virginia high schools in Montgomery and Roanoke counties. During these programs, VTTI teen driving researchers speak to parents and teens about the risks of teen driving. They also discuss how parent/teen driving contracts may help keep teens safe while they learn to drive. 33. VTTI research staff are active members of the Blue Ridge Transportation Safety Board, a regional committee chaired by the Roanoke County Police Department. Members of this board also include

PROJECT H I G H L I G H T S

safety advocates from the community and researchers from VDOT and Virginia Tech. 34. VTTI research staff are active in presenting information about impaired driving. During FY17, researchers provided the keynote address for the New Hampshire Traffic Safety Conference, led a roundtable of leading national experts on the topic of countermeasures to over-the-counter and prescription drug-impaired driving, and gave an invited lecture to Hokie Wellness peer educators about college alcohol consumption and impaired driving. 35. VTTI research staff organized and presided over the Human Factors Workshop of Cognitive Perspectives on Aging Driver Safety and Mobility at the 2017 Annual TRB Meeting in Washington, D.C., in association with the TRB Committee for Safe Mobility of Older Persons (ANB60). 36. VTTI participated in the ITF Roundtable on Commercial Vehicle On-Board Safety Systems, which was held January 5-6, 2017, at the USDOT Conference Center in Washington, D.C. The roundtable covered the need to identify, develop, test, and deploy innovative onboard technology solutions and practices, which has been identified as an area of priority.

37. VTTI partnered with the Virginia Tech Mechanical Engineering Department and Electrical and Computer Engineering Department on the EcoCAR 3 project. This effort is a competition between selected universities in North America to design the most efficient electric vehicles. 38. VTTI is participating in the AutoDrive project with faculty from Virginia Tech Mechanical Engineering (leading the effort), Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Science, and Civil and Environmental Engineering. The AutoDrive project entails engaging undergraduate students in the development of an autonomous vehicle. 39. Institute researchers collaborated with Virginia Tech departments, including Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics (BEAM), to foster dual appointment opportunities among VTTI faculty where strategically advantageous.

ADDITIONAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS

1. 2017 U.S. Government Award for Safety Engineering Excellence (Myra Blanco) 2. Best Paper Award, 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems (VEHITS), Rome, Italy, 2016 (Hesham Rakha)

FY17 VTTI Centers,Groups, and Initiatives

national and international partners in vehicle automation, including Google, General Motors, and other groups involved in the research, planning, policy, and production of automated vehicles. The goal of this center is to strengthen the safety benefits of automation across all levels of the transportation industry.

(Zac Doerzaph, Director)

Center for Data Reduction and Analysis Support

Center for Advanced Automotive Research

The Center for Advanced Automotive Research focuses on the research, development, and evaluation of nextgeneration automotive systems. The center is staffed by a multidisciplinary team of dedicated individuals who are passionate about improving the safety and efficiency of our nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transportation system. This team strives to solve a broad set of challenges associated with integrating cuttingedge technologies into the vehicles of tomorrow. The primary research areas of the center include crash warning/avoidance/ mitigation systems, connected vehicles, driver-vehicle interfaces, crash causation, and vehicle automation.

Center for Automated Vehicle Systems

(Miguel Perez, Director)

The Center for Data Reduction and Analysis Support provides standardized access to and analysis of naturalistic driving study data sets housed at the Institute; these data sets currently comprise 2.5 petabytes of information about real-world driver behavior and performance. Users include researchers within and outside of the Institute, government entities, and automotive manufacturers and suppliers. Center services include coding of video and audio data, data quality assurance, data standardization, data mining, event selection, and data analysis. The center actively supports data analysis collaborations with external institutions.

(Shane McLaughlin, Director)

Center for Infrastructure-based Safety Systems

The Center for Automated Vehicle Systems uses an interdisciplinary approach to studying all aspects related to the automation life cycle in the field of transportation. The center conducts pragmatic research based on a scientific approach that emphasizes the importance of safety, security, reliability, and user acceptance. The center is anchored in applied research and is strengthened by collaborations with

The Center for Infrastructure-based Safety Systems focuses on roadway-based safety systems, such as lighting, visibility treatments, pavement markings, signage, signals, barriers, the interaction of visibility with roadway design, and weather considerations. The center is conducting research into myriad topics that include: increasing active sign legibility during

(Ron Gibbons, Director)

VTTI Centers/Groups/Initiatives

foggy conditions; evaluating the effects of lighting source, type, and power on driver performance; assessing airport garage lighting; and determining the durability of pavement markings. The center contains the Eco-Transportation and Alternative Technologies Group, which is currently conducting an investigation into the potential use of paired types of commercially available vehicle detection technologies designed to reduce false readings at intersections that result in inefficient traffic flow.

Center for Injury Biomechanics (Warren Hardy, Director)

The Center for Injury Biomechanics is a partnership between VTTI, the Virginia Tech Department of Mechanical Engineering, and the Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences. The center conducts research into injury biomechanics, injury modeling, and transportation-related injury biomechanics. Center work includes an in-depth study of road-departure crashes in the U.S. to determine conditions such as speed and topography. Other transportation-related injury research includes car crash tests, large-scale tissue testing, NASCAR-Indy restraint testing, advanced restraint tests, guardrail evaluations, child seat evaluations, airbag-induced eye injuries, the development

of a synthetic eye, elbow joint injuries from side airbags, wrist injuries, upper extremity dummy design, posterior rib fractures from side airbags, child dummy neck evaluations, small female neck interactions with side airbags, airbag out-of-position testing, and the development of a pregnant occupant model.

Center for Public Policy, Partnerships, and Outreach (Myra Blanco, Director)

The Center for Public Policy, Partnerships, and Outreach assists with the needed models of regulations for advanced vehicles, such as driver assistance systems and connected and/ or automated vehicles. The center provides research to ensure state and federal policies are based on relevant data, develops partnerships to assist in the advancement of new systems, and enhances the research areas and sponsorship diversity of VTTI. The center works with stakeholders whose interests are affected by governmental decisions on federal, state, local, or international levels in the development and implementation of automated-vehicle systems.

FY17 Center for Sustainable Mobility (Hesham Rakha, Director)

The Center for Sustainable Mobility conducts research relevant to societyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transportation mobility, energy, environmental, and safety needs. The center translates the results of research into realistic and workable applications, creates and provides tools needed to apply developed knowledge and processes, and educates qualified engineers to meet todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transportation demands and tomorrowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transportation challenges in the areas of transportation network control, large-scale transportation system modeling, traffic state prediction using large data and artificial intelligence techniques, transit bus real-time routing and scheduling, vehicle energy and environmental modeling, transportation system modeling, and eco-transportation applications. The Center for Sustainable Mobility has worked and is currently working on numerous projects funded by the U.S. Department of Transportation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the Virginia Department of Transportation, and the Federal Transit Association. The center is developing eco-routing, eco-cooperative adaptive cruise control systems, and traffic signal control systems that enhance the efficiency, mobility, environmental impacts, and safety impacts of the transportation system.

Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure (Gerardo Flintsch, Director)

The Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure focuses on asset management; pavement design, analysis, rehabilitation, and safety; infrastructure management; civil engineering materials; non-destructive testing; and life-cycle

cost analyses. The center houses the Infrastructure Management Group and the Sensing, Modeling and Simulation Group. The center initiated a consortium of state highway agencies and equipment manufacturers dedicated to enhancing pavement surfaces. The center also tested a product that extends the life of the road surface and retains de-icing chemicals on the surface, giving road crews time to deploy during inclement weather. The center was instrumental in developing a way to include the environmental impact of road materials in the decision-making processes during road construction. In 2015, VTTI welcomed the first Sideway-force Coefficient Routine Investigation Machine to the United States in a project funded by the Federal Highway Administration; the project objective is to assist states in the development of Pavement Friction Management Programs and demonstrate continuous friction and macro-texture measurement equipment.

Center for Technology Development (Andy Petersen, Director)

The Center for Technology Development specializes in developing, implementing, and maintaining innovative systems for transportation research. The center includes the Mechanical Systems Group, which is responsible for mechanical fabrication to suit the needs of all research projects; the Data Acquisition Group, which is responsible for electronic hardware design; and the Advanced Development Group, which is responsible for software development. The Data Acquisition Group is a pioneer in distributed data acquisition systems. The Advanced Development Group includes specialists in machine vision, road tracking, and data analysis.

VTTI Centers/Groups/Initiatives

Center for Technology Implementation (Mike Mollenhauer, Director)

The Center for Technology Implementation was created to facilitate technology deployment and leverage existing research investments. The center makes it possible for the Institute and its sponsors and clients to participate in early-stage technology implementation programs. Center personnel can help develop a toolbox of modular software solutions that can be applied in new jurisdictions, building smart solutions that combine the best commercial products with customization that can fully address agency goals.

Center for Truck and Bus Safety (Rich Hanowski, Director)

The Center for Truck and Bus Safety focuses on the research, development, and evaluation of heavy-vehicle systems. The center is dedicated to the design, delivery, and implementation of leading-edge research and development efforts aimed at improving the health and safety of heavy-vehicle drivers. The center comprises the Behavioral Analysis and Applications Group, the Human Factors and Advanced System Testing Group, and the Safety and Human Factors Group. Center research includes

refining and testing rear-lighting configurations to reduce the number and severity of rear-end crashes, determining safe hours of service for commercial motor vehicle drivers, evaluating causes of drowsiness and providing countermeasures, and developing education programs to keep drivers healthy and alert.

Center for Vulnerable Road User Safety (Jon Antin, Director)

The Center for Vulnerable Road User Safety conducts research and outreach designed to enhance safety for all vulnerable road users, including senior and teen drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Vulnerable road users comprise all age groups and a variety of demographics; their one shared trait is an increased risk of suffering a traffic-related crash or injury. The center includes the Teen Risk and Injury Prevention Group and the Senior Mobility Awareness, Safety, and Health Group. Research includes a naturalistic driving study of novice teen drivers with the aim of providing real-time feedback, gathering information for driver training, and keeping teensâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; parents informed. The center has undertaken outreach initiatives designed to provide recommendations for coordinating public and private services for the aged, disabled, and indigent populations.

FY17 Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation

International Center for Naturalistic Driving Data Analysis at Virginia Tech

The Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation is a world-class facility that provides revolutionary services for both vehicle and tire, including testing, simulation, and modeling. The center comprises the National Tire Research Center, the Southern Virginia Vehicle Motion Labs, and the Virtual Design and Integration Laboratory. Collectively, these initiatives provide the full range of services essential for creating a more dynamic product through both virtual and physical development. The center is affiliated with Virginia Tech and VTTI and is located in Southern Virginia.

The International Center for Naturalistic Driving Data Analysis incorporates Virginia Techâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s petabyte-scale, high performance data storage system into the VTTI data infrastructure. This allows data from multiple naturalistic driving studies to be analyzed using high performance computational systems to perform more complex computational algorithms and data mining.

(Frank Della Pia, Director)

I-81 Corridor Coalition

(Andy Alden, Executive Director) The I-81 Corridor Coalition is a consortium of stakeholders dedicated to improving the safety, continuity, and efficiency of commercial and personal travel along the I-81 corridor that extends from Tennessee to the Canadian border in New York. The coalition comprises state DOTs, Metropolitan and Regional Planning Organizations, non-governmental organizations, and private entities from the six corridor states. The primary focus of the coalition is to study and implement innovative solutions to address challenges specific to travel on a freightintensive highway serving a wide variety of geopolitical regions and users. Current study areas include incident management, development planning, and truck parking.

(Clark Gaylord, Chief Information Officer)

The 48-node compute cluster of the Institute moves data between the field and the data center, decrypts data, prepares data files for ingestion to a 500-terabyte scientific data warehouse, processes video files, and provides a platform for advanced analytical processing. A peta-scale archive file system will ultimately facilitate the long-term storage of numerous petabytes of data while maintaining data in an online state. VTTI data center features include a computational cluster, the application of the Virginia Tech High Performance Computing Storage System, and a significant upgrade to the storage system supporting the scientific data warehouse environment at VTTI. These systems compose the foundation for data-intensive scientific research programs conducted at VTTI, particularly the Second Strategic Highway Research Program Naturalistic Driving Study.

Motorcycle Research Group

(Shane McLaughlin, Group Leader) The Motorcycle Research Group was born from a history in transportation research; concern about an increasing number

VTTI Centers/Groups/Initiatives

of motorcyclist fatalities and injuries; and the excitement of a large number of VTTI engineers, staff, researchers, and family who are riders. The group focuses on riders and their machines while considering other factors in the surrounding transportation system. Group researchers have conducted the first large-scale naturalistic motorcycle study, the aim of which is to explore motorcycle crash causation and to develop crash countermeasures.

National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence (Jon Hankey, Director)

The National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence was established by the Federal Public Transportation Act of 2005 to develop and disseminate advanced transportation safety techniques and innovations in both rural and urban communities. Center research focuses on four major objectives: 1) To develop and test transportation devices and techniques that enhance driver performance; 2) To evaluate the roadway environment and infrastructure-based safety systems; 3) To address mobility for vulnerable road users; and 4) To examine driver impairment issues.

Safety through Disruption (Safe-D) National University Transportation Center (UTC) (Zac Doerzaph, Director)

Fueled by an inevitable transformation of our transportation system, the Safe-D National UTC endeavors to maximize the potential safety benefits of disruptive technologies through targeted research that addresses the most pressing transportation safety questions. The center focuses on four potential disruptive technologies: connected vehicles, automated vehicles, transportation as a service, and big data analytics. The U.S. Department of Transportation awarded the center in November 2016 as a highly competitive national UTC grant. The national grant entails a planned $2.8 million each year in federal funding for five years, matched by an equal amount of cost-share funds from university, state, and private sources. The nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top safety researchers will perform work under the center while leveraging existing and upcoming world-class research facilities across the universities, such as the Virginia Automated and Connected Corridors and the Smart Road, all of which will collectively enable robust real-world testing of automated and connected vehicles.

Sponsors, Clients, and Partners The continued success of VTTI is due, in large part, to its sponsors, partners, clients, and stakeholders. VTTI would like to acknowledge the contributions and support of the following organizations:

• 3M

• B&W Pantex

• Cernet Corp.

• AAA

• Battelle

• Chen Ryan Associates

• AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

• B-Con Engineering, Inc.

• Chrysler

• AAA Mid-Atlantic

• Beam Brothers

• Cisco Systems

• Acclaro Research Solutions, Inc.

• Bedford County, Va.

• City of Flagstaff

• ACF

• Bekaert

• City of Richmond

• Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers

• Betty Serian and Associates

• Civilogix, Inc.

• American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators

• Bishop Consulting

• Clanton & Associates, Inc.

• BMW

• Clean Air Tech International

• Booz Allen Hamilton

• Clear Roads

• Bosch

• Clemson University

• BP Amoco

• Cohda Wireless

• Bridgestone

• Colorado Department of Transportation

• Brigham Young University

• Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance

• California Department of Transportation

• Continental Automotive Systems, Inc.

• Calspan

• Con-Way

• Cambridge Systematics

• Cooper Tire

• Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators

• Corning Cable Systems

• American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials • American Transportation Research Institute • Amoco • Applied Research Associates • Arete Associates • Arlington County, Va. • Asia University • Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International

• Crack Sealant Consortium

• Association of Global Automakers • Assured Information Security

• Capital Area Transit System in Baton Rouge

• Atkins Global

• Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute

• Atlantic Construction Fabric

• Carnegie Mellon University

• Attention Technologies, Inc.

• CARPI USA

• Auburn University

• Case Western Reserve University

• Autoliv

• Catapult Transport Systems

• Automotive Events

• Center for Innovative Technology

• Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) • Crash Safety Research • CSAA Insurance Group • CUBRC • Delaware Department of Motor Vehicles • Delaware Technical and Community College • Delft University of Technology

• Delphi Electronics

• Fluor, Va.

• Robert Denaro

• Ford Motor Company

• DENSO

• Foundation for Outdoor Advertising Research and Education

• Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science • Institute for Transportation Research and Education at North Carolina State University

• DGE, Inc. • Fugro Roadware • District Department of Transportation

• Institute for Work Organizational and Transport Research

• General Motors • Insurance Institute for Highway Safety

• DLA Piper • General Motors OnStar Division

• Intelligent Automation, Inc.

• DMD & Associates • George Mason University • Georgia Department of Transportation

• Intelligent Transportation Society of America

• Glenwood Consulting

• Interactive Design and Development

• Goodyear

• Iowa State University

• Google

• Iteris, Inc.

• Guard Rail of Roanoke, Inc.

• Jacobs, Edwards, and Kelcey, Inc.

• Halifax County, Va.

• Jaguar/Landrover

• Hankook Tire

• John Horsley and Associates

• Harmonia

• Johns Hopkins University

• HERE

• Johnson Controls, Inc.

• Honda

• Kapsch TrafficCom

• Hoosier Racing

• Kimley-Horn and Associates

• Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates, Inc.

• Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

• Donovan Hatem • Draper Laboratory • Drexel University • DRP Performance • Duke University • Dunlap and Associates, Inc. • Dynamic Research, Inc. • Eaton • Education Logistics, Inc. • EMMES • Enercon Services, Inc. • Engineering & Software Consultants, Inc. • Ergonomic Analysis, Inc. • Hubbell Lighting, Inc.

• Kumho Tire

• Erie Insurance • Human Factors North

• Last Resource

• ERTICO • Hume Center

• Leidos

• Escrypt • Hyundai Kia

• Lisboa, Inc.

• European Commission • Hyundai Motor Company

• Litton Network Access Systems

• Fairfax County Transit • IAOV Chemnitz

• Long Road Racing

• Fairfax County, Va. • IDEA Programs

• Lord Corporation

• Federal Highway Administration • Illinois Department of Transportation • Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

• Loughborough University • Illuminating Engineering Society of North America

• Louisiana Public Transit Association

• FEV

• Maccaferri

• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

• North Carolina Department of Transportation

• National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Japan

• North Carolina State University

• MCI Federal • Mercedes-Benz

• National Institute of Aerospace

• Meritor WABCO

• National Institutes of Health

• Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology

• Merritt C. Becker, Jr. University of New Orleans Transportation Institute

• National Parks

• Ohio State University

• National Private Truck Council

• Oilcom

• National Renewable Energy Laboratory

• Omni Weight Corporation

• National Science Foundation

• Optimal CAE

• National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence

• OptimumG

• Minnesota Department of Transportation • James A. Misener (Consultant)

• National Transit Institute

• Mississippi Department of Transportation

• National Transportation Research Center, Inc.

• Outdoor Advertising Association of America

• NAUTO, Inc.

• PACCAR, Inc.

• MaineWay Services

• Oak Ridge National Laboratories

• Mesilla Valley Transportation • Michelin • Mid-Atlantic Broadband

• OrbComm • OSRAM SYLVANIA

• The MITRE Corporation • ModComp • Navistar International

• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

• Montana State University – Western Transportation Institute

• NEC Laboratories

• Pacific-Sierra Research

• Monterey Technologies, Inc.

• Neusoft

• Parsons Brinckerhoff

• Montgomery County, Va.

• New Orleans Amalgamated Transit Union

• PB Farradyne, Inc.

• Morgan State University

• New River Valley Planning District Commission

• PB World

• Motor Coach Industries

• Peloton Technology • New York City Transit Authority

• Motorcycle Safety Foundation

• Penn State University • NEXCO- West Japan

• MRI Global • Nexen Tire

• Pennsylvania Department of Transportation

• Nissan

• Performance Fuels System

• Nissan Research Center, Silicon Valley

• Philips Lighting

• Noblis

• Pierce Transit

• Norfolk Southern Railroad

• Pitt Ohio

• North American Fatigue Management Program

• Plymouth Rock Assurance

• Munich Reinsurance America, Inc. • Nanosonic, Inc. LLC • National Academy of Sciences • National Academy of Sciences Transportation Research Board • National Chiao Tung University • National Cooperative Highway Research Program

• North Carolina A&T State University

• Princeton Lightwave

• National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

• North Carolina Agricultural and technical State University

• Professional Truck Driving Institute

• PSMJ Resources, Inc.

• Purdue University

• Software Technology, Inc.

• University of Iowa

• Qatar National Research Fund

• South Carolina Department of Transportation

• University of Maryland • University of Massachusetts/Amherst

• Qualcomm • South Dakota State University

• University of Massachusetts – Lowell

• Realtime Technologies, Inc. • Southwest Research Institute • REI Safety Services, Inc. • Spire Innovations

• University of Massachusetts Medical Center

• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute • Systems Technology, Inc. • Research and Special Programs Administration

• SwissRe

• RGS Associates, Inc.

• Takata

• Ricardo, Inc.

• TASS

• RoadSafe

• Tesla

• ROHO, Inc.

• Texas A&M Transportation Institute

• Rowan University

• Texas Department of Transportation

• Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

• TNO Defense, Security and Safety

• University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute • University of Minnesota • University of Missouri • University of Missouri- Columbia • University of Nevada, Reno • University of New South Wales • University of North Carolina

• Tom Tom

• University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center

• TORC Robotics

• University of North Florida

• Town of Blacksburg

• University of Pennsylvania

• SAE International • Savari • Schneider • Toyota

• University of South Carolina

• Science Applications International Corporation

• TransAnalytics

• University of South Dakota

• Science Museum of Western Virginia

• Transecurity

• University of South Florida

• Scientex

• Transport Canada

• University of Texas at Austin

• Scitor Corporation

• Transurban

• University of Toronto

• SEA Limited

• Travelers Insurance

• University of Utah

• Security Innovation Company

• TrueMotion

• University of Virginia

• Shandong University

• TUV Rheinland Mobility, Inc.

• University of Washington

• Shenandoah Telephone

• United Defense, L.P.

• University of Wyoming

• Shentel Service Company

• University of Alabama at Birmingham

• UPS

• Siecor/Corning

• University of Calgary

• U.S. Air Force

• Siemens

• University of Central Florida

• U.S. Army Research Laboratory

• SmartCap Technologies

• University of Idaho

• U.S. Department of Agriculture ChooseMyPlate.gov Program

• Snow Economics

• University of Illinois

• U.S. Department of Defense

• Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation

• U.S. Department of Energy • Virginia Department of Transportation

• Volvo Trucks North America • Washington State Department of Transportation

• U.S. Department of Justice • U.S. Department of Transportation

• Virginia Department of Transportation Operations and Security Division

• Wayne State University • Weigh-In-Motion

• Valeo Comfort and Driving Assistance Systems North America

• Virginia Rail Policy Institute • West Virginia State • Virginia Tech Foundation • WESTAT

• Vehicle Safety Communications 3 (VSC3) • Virginia Tech Parking Auxiliary

• Western Research Institute

• Veridian • Virginia Tourism Commission

• Windwalker Corporation

• Virginia Center for Autonomous Systems • Virginia Transportation Research Council • Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation

• Wisconsin Department of Transportation • Visteon Corporation • Wyle Laboratories

• Virginia Department of Environmental Quality

• Volkswagen-Audi • ZF TRW • Volvo •

• Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles • Volvo Technology of America, Inc.

Outreach and Community Engagement During FY17, numerous representatives of current and potential sponsoring/partnering organizations, marketing groups, and conference groups visited VTTI and/or the Smart Road, including: • AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

• NASA Langley

• AAA Mid-Atlantic

• National Highway Administration

• Center for Advanced Transportation Mobility University Transportation Center • Engineering Research and Science Committee for the Canadian Deputy Ministers of Transport

• Virginia Tech administration Traffic

Safety

• National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

• Virginia Tech Bridges, Builders, and Society (student organization) • Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute

• National Safety Council

• Virginia Tech Civil and Environmental Engineering (students)

• National and local media

• Virginia Tech Corporate Research Center

• Office of the Mayor of Roanoke

• Virginia Tech Psychology Department

• TORC

• Virginia Tech University Relations

• Transurban

• Visitors from India

• Federal Highway Administration • Flagger Force • General Motors • Meridian International Center • Vintage Motor Car Club of America • Montgomery County Regional Tourism

In partnership with employees from VDOT, the institute hosted an open house for the general public and a school day event (grades K-12) in April 2017, with nearly 400 in attendance. The Smart Road and other VDOT/VTTI facilities (e.g., VAC/VCC) were well represented at several international and national industry conferences, including: • 3rd International Street Lighting + Smart Controls Conference, Brisbane, Australia

• Lifesavers Conference • Michigan Traffic Safety Summit

• 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue • National Capital Region/Fairfax County Autonomous Vehicles Event • Automated Vehicles Symposium • Department of Energy LED R&D Workshop

• Ninth International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driving Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design

• Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research

• SAE Government/Industry Meeting

• Governors Highway Safety Association

• SAE World Congress

• Illuminating Engineering Society Annual Conference

• Sixth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, The Hague, Netherlands

• International Association of Chiefs of Police • Street and Area Lighting Conference • ITS of Virginia Annual Meeting • Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting • ITS World Congress • VDOT Career Fair • ITSA Annual Meeting • VDOT Construction Inspectors Conference

Media Coverage FY 2017 • 1asig.ro (Romanian)

• CNN*

• Government Technology*

• Market Watch*

• 20 Minutos (Spanish)

• Collegiate Times (VT)

• Greater Greater

• Marketwired*

• ABC WSET 13

• Commercial Carrier Journal*

• Albuquerque Journal

Washington

• Mashable

• Concord Monitor

• Gulf Times (Qatar newspaper)

• Daily Ardmoreite

• Hard News

• Daily Sabah

• Hartford Courant

• deasy (Greek)

• Hello Giggles

• Digital Journal*

• Herald Journal

• Driverless Transportation*

• Herald Mail Media*

• Motorcycle & Passports News

• Duluth News Tribune

• Humboldt Journal

• Motorcyclist

• Durant Daily Democrat

• iCarros (Spanish)

• Mount Olive Chronicle

• Ekathimerini (Greek)

• Idaho State Journal

• myhorrynews.com

• El Motor (Spanish)*

• IEEE Spectrum

• MyPalmBeachPost

• Equipment World

• Inside Big Data

• Naples Florida Weekly

• EurekAlert

• Insurance Journal

• Naples Herald

• Euro2Day (Greek)

• KAST 1370AM

• NBC 29

• Fairfax County

• Knoxville City View

• NBC News

• Finanzen (German)

• KSL.com

• NBC Washington*

• Florida Record

• La Prima Pagina (Italian)

• NBC WSLS 10

• Fort Madison Daily

• Law Firm Newswire

• News 4 Tucson

• Lexology

• News Leader (via WaPo)

• FOX5 News*

• Lifehacker

• News.de

• Fredericksburg.com

• Lifehacker Australia

• Newswise/Virginia Tech

• FreightWaves

• Likehacker India

• NPR’s Morning Edition

• Fuel Marketer News

• Liputan 6 (Indonesian)

• NRV News

• GCN

• Loudon Now

• Observer Tribune

• GoDanRiver*

• Mann.tv

• Overdrive Magazine*

• Alexandria News

• McAlester News-Capital • MilTech

• American Trucker

• Monday Morning

• Anchorage Press

• Motoblog

• Augusta Free Press*

• Motor Sports Newswire

• Auto Car Professional • Auto Evolution • Autoflotte • AZ Central* • Benchmark Monitor • Blackburn News • Bolivar Morning News • Brunswick-Times Gazette • Bulgaria Sega (Bulgarian) • Burlington County News • Business Wire • Canadian Urban Network • Cars.com Democrat • CBC News (Canada) • Charles River Analytics • Charlottesville Tomorrow • Chicago Tribune* • Chinchilla News • CNET

• ParlamentníListy

• Tech Target

• The Virginian-Pilot*

• WHIO

• PC Magazine

• Technical.ly DC

• Tidewater News

• White Mountain Independent

• Pedien (Korean)

• The Cavalier Daily (UVA)

• TIME

• Wicked Local (Cambridge)

• Pekin Daily Times

• The Chippewa Herald

• Times of Oman

• WIRED Magazine*

• PR Newswire*

• The Chronicle Herald

• Top Examiner

• Wirtschafts Woche

• PR Web*

• The Daily Herald

• Traffic Technology Today

• WJLA

• PR.com

• The Daily Times

• Transport Topics*

• WMAL

• Providence Journal

• The Detroit News

• Trenchless Technology

• WRIC 8

• Rambler News Service (Russian)

• The Drive

• Trib Live*

• WSAU

• The Globe and Mail

• Trucking Info

• WSET*

• The Hillsdale Daily News

• Tulsa World

• WSLS 10*

• The Island Packet

• Unión de Morelos (Spanish)

• WTOP*

• The Journal

• USDOT

• WUSA9

• The Korea BizWire

• UVA

• WVTF

• The Morning Bulletin

• Ventura County Star

• Yahoo! News*

• The National Law Review

• Verkeers Net (Dutch)

• Yahoo! Tech

• The New York Times*

• Virginia Business Magazine*

• YourWestValley

• The New Yorker

• Virginia Tech News*

Το Βήμα Online

• The News & Observer

• Wall Street Journal

Сводка Украинских и Мировых Новостей

• The News Herald

• WalletHub

• The Newtown Bee

• WAMU

• The Peninsula Qatar

• Washington Post*

• The Register-Herald

• WBUR 90.9

• The Roanoke Star*

• WDBJ*

• The Roanoke Times*

• WDIV Detroit

• The San Diego Union-Tribune

• Wealth Daily

• The Tech Portal

• WFIR News

• The Telegraph

• WFXR*

• The Trucker

• WHAG

• Rappler • rdnewsnow.com • Richmond Times-Dispatch • Ride Apart • Saarbruecker-Zeitung • San Francisco Chronicle • SCVNews.com • Shreveport Times (Greek)

• Slate Journal • South Peace News • Sport Rider Magazine • State Tech • sUAS News • S d deutsche • Sun News Report • Supply Chain Dive • Tahlequah Daily Press • Tech Crunch • Tech News Gazette

*Denotes media outlets that covered VTTI more than once during 2017

PRESENTATIONS, HONORS, AWARDS, and SERVICES

PRESENTATIONS Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. Northern Shenandoah Valley Regional Commission. Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. Metropolitan Area Planning Organization, Lakeway, TN. Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. The New River Valley Planning District. Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. Northeastern Pennsylvania Focus 81 Event. Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. I-81 Corridor Coalition Annual Meeting. Alden, A. (2017). Future Corridor. I-81 Corridor Coalition Annual Meeting. Alden, A. (2017). Innovations in Infrastructure, Goods Movement and Vehicle Technologies. National Association of Counties: Keeping Counties Moving. Alden, A. (2017). Webinar presentation: Innovations in Infrastructure, Goods Movement and Vehicle Technologies. National Association of Counties: Keeping Counties Moving. Alden, A. (2017). The I-81 Corridor Coalition. Roanoke Valley Regional Commission TPO Meeting. Antin, J. F., Guo, F., Fang, Y., Dingus, T. A., Hankey, J. M., & Perez, M. A. (2017). The influence of functional health on seniorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; driving risk and mobility using naturalistic driving study data. 6th International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Hague, Netherlands. AAtwood, J. (2017). Impact of Cell Phone Use on Crash Risk. Joint Statistical Meeting, Baltimore, MD. Atwood, J. (2017). Evaluating Driver Response to Active Warning Systems in L2 Automated Vehicles. Transportation Review Board Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. Bhagavathula, R. & Gibbons, R. B. (2017). The Effect of Work Zone Lighting on Driversâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Visual Performance and Perceptions of Glare. In Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting (No. 17-04641). Bhagavathula, R. & Gibbons, R. B. (2017). Toward Modeling the Effect of Vertical Illuminance on Perceived Glare in Work Zones. In Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting (No. 17-04650).

Bhagavathula, R and Gibbons, R. (2016). A Systems Level Approach to Intersection Lighting Design and its effects on Visibility. IES 2016 Street and Area Lighting Conference, Los Angeles, CA. Blanco, M., Russell, S., Fitchett, V., Trimble, T., & Rau, P. (2017). Mixed-function automation naturalistic driving study. Poster presented at the Automated Vehicles Symposium 2017, San Francisco, CA. Retrieved from https://higherlogicdownload.s3.amazonaws.com/AUVSI/14c12c18fde1-4c1d-8548-035ad166c766/UploadedImages/2017/PDFs/Proceedings/Posters/Wednesday_Poster%205.pdf Blanco, M. (2017). Level 2 Mixed-Function Automation Naturalistic Driving Study. SAE 2017 Government/Industry Meeting, Washington, DC. Blanco, M. (2016). Mixed-Function Automation Naturalistic Driving Study. 3rd SIP-Adus Workshop, Tokyo, Japan. Blanco, M. (2016). Automated Vehicles: Tomorrow is Today. AAMVA Annual Conference, Williamsburg, VA. Blanco, M. (2016). Transformational Technologies: Can Our Research Processes Keep Up?. Automated Vehicles Symposium, San Francisco, CA. Blanco, M. (2016). Mixed-function Automation Naturalistic Driving Study. Poster presented at Automated Vehicles Symposium, San Francisco, CA. Bowden, Z. (2016). Alertness in the Truck Driver Scheduling Problem. Decision Sciences Institute Annual Meeting, Austin, TX. Bowden, Z. (2017). A Model for Truck Driver Scheduling with Fatigue Management. 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Camden, M. C. (2017). Invited webinar: Improving Fleet Safety with Driver Monitoring Systems. Fleetio, Inc. Camden, M. C. (2017). Keynote address: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute’s Center for Truck and Bus Safety. Southwest Virginia Transportation Council, Roanoke, VA. Camden, M. C., Hickman, J. S., Medina-Flintsch, A., Bryce, J., Flintsch, G., Williams, A. K., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Winter Maintenance Operators’ and Managers’ Opinions and Perceptions of Fatigue. Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Camden, M. C., Hickman, J. S., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). A Guide to Effectively Implement Safety Monitoring Technologies. Presentation at the 2016 Fleet Safety Conference, Schaumburg, IL. Chaka, M. (2017). Research Solutions to Safely Navigate the Route to Automated-vehicle Deployment. Presented at CSG Autonomous & Connected Vehicle Policy Academy, Detroit, MI. Chen, G. X., Fang, Y., Guo, F., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Truck driver sleep patterns influence driving performance. 10th International Conference on Managing Naturalistic Driving Research, San Diego, CA. Chen, G. X., Fang, Y., Guo, F., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). The influence of daily sleep patterns of commercial truck drivers on driving performance. Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Chen, G. X., Fang, Y., Guo, F., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). Trucker sleep patterns influence safety-critical events. Paper presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Dingus, T.A. (2017). Invited keynote: The automation (r)evolution in the U.S. VDA Automotive SYS Conference, Berlin, Germany. Doerzaph, Z. (2017). Infrastructure Considerations for Connected and Automated Vehicles. Paper presented at the Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. Dunn, N. J., Hickman, J. S., Soccolich, S. A., Medina, A., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). A Quantitative Assessment of Driver Detention Times in Commercial Motor Vehicle Operations. Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Druta, C., Alden, A., & Donaldson, B. (2017). Evaluation of a Buried Cable Sensor for Animal Detection. TRB 96th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. Druta, C. (2016). Utilization of Intrinsic Vehicle Sensors to Enhance Winter Maintenance Operations. TRB 2016 Summer Workshop Program, Session 7A, Asheville, NC.

Eiríksdóttir, H., Engström, J., & Bärgman, J. (2017). The perfect mismatch: Analysis of rear-end crash causation mechanisms based on naturalistic crash data. Extended abstract presented at the Sixth International Naturalistic Driving Research Symposium, The Hague, the Netherlands. Elhenawy, M., El-Shawarby, I., & Rakha, H. (2016). Modeling the Perception Reaction Time and Deceleration Level for Different Surface Conditions Using Machine Learning Techniques. Seventh International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2016), Orlando, FL. El-Shawarby, I., Rakha, H., Amer, A., & McGhee, C. (2016). Characterization of Driver Perception-Reaction Time at the Onset of a Yellow Indication. Seventh International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2016), Orlando, FL. Engstrom, J. (2017). What does it mean to be in the loop? 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Engstrom, J. (2017). Understanding and preventing crashes: An overview of truck and bus safety research at VTTI. Edulog User Conference, Las Vegas, NV. Engstrom, J. (2017). Why do trucks crash? I-81 Consortium Meeting, Martinsburg, WV. Engström, J., Markkula, G., & Merat, N. (2017). Modeling the effect of cognitive load on driver reactions to a braking lead vehicle: A computational account of the cognitive control hypothesis. Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference of Driver Distraction and Inattention, Paris, France. Flintsch, G., Tighe, S., & Zarghampour, H. (2017). Challenges and Opportunities for Incorporating Sustainability into Pavement Management. Presented at the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Flintsch, G. W. (2017). Keynote: The Virginia Smart Road. Ontario Road Builders Association - Innovation Convention, Toronto, Canada. Flintsch, G. (2017). Webinar: Use of Traffic-Speed Deflection in Network-Level PMS Applications. Transportation Research Board. Flintsch, G. W., Santos, J., & Ferreira, A. (2016). Multi-objective Optimization Approach for Sustainable Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Programming. 11th National Conference on Transportation Asset Management, Minneapolis, MN. Flintsch, G. W., & Qiao, Y. (2016). Impact of Climate Change on the Performance, Maintenance, and Life-Cycle Costs of Flexible Pavements. 11th National Conference on Transportation Asset Management, Minneapolis, MN. Flintsch, G. (2016). One-week graduate course: Advanced Pavement Design. Universidad de Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia. Flintsch, G. (2016). Webinar: Measurement and Evaluation of Pavement Splash and Spray. Transportation Research Board. Flintsch, G. W. (2016). Invited presentation: The Role of the US in Road Research, Contributions from the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. First European Road infrastructure Congress, Leeds, UK. Flintsch, G. W. (2016). Invited presentation: Road Safety, Role of Research and Innovation. First European Road infrastructure Congress, Leeds, UK. Glaser, Y., Guo, F., Fang, Y., Deng, B., & Hankey, J. (2016). Investigate moped-vehicle conflicts in China using a naturalistic driving study approach. Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Guo, F. (2016). Invited session: Statistical Challenges in Evaluating the Impact of Driver Behavior for Naturalistic Driving Study. Using the Extraordinary Power of Statistics for Transportation Safety Research, Federal Highway Administration, Joint Statistical Meeting. Guo, F. (2016). The Impact of Driver Behavior on Safety: Results from Naturalistic Driving Study. Traffic Safety Symposium, Shanghai. Hammond, R., Soccolich, S., & Hanowski, R. (2017). The Impact of Driver Distraction in Tractor-Trailers and Motorcoach Buses. Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Hammond, R., Perez, M., & Hanowski, R. (2017). FMCSA Data Repository. Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Invited keynote address: Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Health, and Safety: New Research, Promising Countermeasures, and Areas of Opportunity. First Annual SmartDrive Customer Conference, Atlanta, GA.

Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Invited presentation: Heavy Vehicle Safety Research: Moving from Findings to Countermeasures. Qatar Transportation and Traffic Safety Center. Hickman, J. S., Camden, M. C., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Safety Benefits via Electronic Monitoring of Hours-of-Service Regulations: An Observational Approach. Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Hickman, J. S., Camden, M. C., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). A Pilot Naturalistic Driving Study on Fatigue in Winter Maintenance Operations. Paper presented at the annual International Conference & Workshop on Winter Maintenance and Surface Transportation Weather, Colorado. Klauer, S. G. (2017). Crash Risk Associated with Driver Distraction and Drowsiness: The Latest Findings from Naturalistic Driving Studies. Accident Reconstruction Conference, Nashville, TN. Klauer, S. G. (2017). Evaluating Driver Drowsiness Using ORD Ratings: Preliminary Findings from the Canada Naturalistic Driving Study. 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Klauer, S. G. (2017). Distracted Driving and Crash Risk Across Drivers of Different Age Groups. LifeSavers Conference, Charlotte, NC. Klauer, S. G. (2017). Teen Driving Research: How to Reduce Teen Crash Rates. New Hampshire Transportation Safety Conference, Concord, NH. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Distracted Driving and Risk of Road Crashes Across Drivers of Different Age Groups. Governor’s Highway Safety Association, Seattle, WA. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Analysis of Run-Off Road Safety Critical Events in Southwest Virginia. Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Using Real-Time and Post Hoc Feedback to Improve Driving Safety for Novice Drivers. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Washington, DC. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Distracted Driving and Risk of Road Crashes Across Drivers of Different Age Groups. VA Distraction Summit, Newport News, VA. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Partnering for the Privilege: Parent-Teen Driving Contracts. Parent-Teen Safe Driving Meeting, Northside High School, Roanoke, VA. Klauer, S. G. (2016). Future of Teen Driving Safety Research at VTTI. STSCE Fall Meeting, Blacksburg, VA. Krum, A. J. (2017). Webinar: Report 185: Bus Operator Workstation Design for Improving Occupational Health and Safety; Part II, Design Guidance Tools: Ergonomics Engineering and Bus Design Focus. National Transit Institute (NTI). Retrieved from https://ce-catalog.rutgers.edu/ courseDisplay.cfm?schID=63875. Larsson, P., Engström, J., & Wege, C. (2017). Virtual eye height and display height influence visual distraction measures in simulated driving conditions. Paper presented at the 5th International Conference of Driver Distraction and Inattention, Paris, France. Mabry, J. Erin. (2017). Evaluation of Research on Commercial Motor Vehicle Drivers with Moderate-to-Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Literature Review to Inform Industry Regulations. Presented at the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. Markkula, G., & Engström. J. (2017). Simulating effects of arousal on lane keeping: Are drowsiness and cognitive load opposite ends of a single spectrum? Paper presented at the10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA. McCall, R. (2017). How Naturalistic Data Adds to our Understanding of Motorcycle Rider Behavior. 2017 Michigan Traffic Safety Summit, East Lansing, MI. McCall, R. (2017) Relevant Research for Protecting Motorcyclists from the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. Fort Lee, VA. McCall, R., McLaughlin, S., Rainey, C., & Williams, V. (2017). Invited talk: MSF 100 study results and recent connected motorcycle efforts at the VTTI. Michigan Traffic Safety Summit, East Lansing, MI. McCall, R., Rainey, C., Williams, V., & McLaughlin, S. (2016). Curves as a Risk Factor for Motorcyclists. Podium presentation, Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA.

McCall, R., McLaughlin, S., Fritz, S., & Buche, T. (2016). Riding-day Motorcyclists Riding Frequencies. Motorcycle Research and Technology Workshop. Podium Presentation, Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. McClafferty, J. (2017). Personality Characteristics and Driving Habits Associated with Frequency of Seatbelt Use. Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. Neurauter, M. L., Roan, M., Song, M., Harwood, L., Moore, D., & Glaser, D. (2017). Electric Vehicle Detectability by the Vision Impaired: Quantifying Impact of Vehicle Generated Acoustic Signatures on Minimum Detection Distances. 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Detroit, MI. Owens, J. M. (2017). Opportunities & Risks for Automated Vehicle/Pedestrian Interactions. Lifesavers 2017 Conference, Charlotte, NC. Owens, J. M. (2016). What is the Current State of VRU/Vehicle Interaction? Breakout Session #14, Automated Vehicles Symposium, San Francisco, CA. Perez, M. (2016). Seminar: Human Factors and Ergonomics Research at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. HFES Penn State Student Chapter, State College, PA. Perez, M. (2016). Seminar: SHRP 2 NDS: Database Content, Access, Analyses. Pennsylvania State Police Crash Reconstruction Seminar, State College, PA. Rainey, C., & McLaughlin, S. (2016). Deceleration Differences Between Novice and Experienced Riders. Presentation at the Motorcycle Research and Technology Workshop, Blacksburg, VA. Rainey, C., & McLaughlin, S. (2017). Invited talk: MSF 100 Motorcyclists Naturalistic Study Update. Connecticut Rider Education Program, Cromwell, CT. Rainey, C., & McLaughlin, S. (2017). A Naturalistic Look at Motorcyclist Acceleration and Deceleration Behaviour. Presentation at the 6th International Naturalistic Driving Research Symposium, The Hague, Netherlands. Roan, M., Neurauter, M. L., Moore, D., & Glaser, D. (2017). Electric Vehicle Detectability: a Methods-Based Approach to Assess Artificial Noise Impact on the Ability of Pedestrians to Safely Detect Approaching Electric Vehicles. SAE 2017 Noise and Vibration Conference and Exhibition, Grand Rapids, MI. Schaudt, W. A., Shutko, J., & Russell, S. (2017). Judging a Car by its Cover - Human Factors Implications for Automated Vehicle External Communication. 2017 Automated Vehicles Symposium: Human Factors Breakout Session, San Francisco, CA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Keynote speaker: What we Know we Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t Know about Automated Vehicles on our Roadways. Intelligent Transportation Society of Virginia Annual Meeting, Richmond, VA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Implications of Roadway Design on the Successful Deployment of Automated Vehicles. Northern Virginia District, Virginia Department of Transportation Construction Inspectors Conference, Herndon, VA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Automated Vehicles and Implications for Roadway and Infrastructure Design. Lynchburg District, Virginia Department of Transportation Construction Inspectors Conference, Farmville, VA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Keynote speaker: Collaborative Approach for Generating Economic Opportunity in Automation. Jacobs Technology Days, held in conjunction with the Virginia AeroSpace Business Association and the Hampton Roads Unmanned Systems Opportunity Exchange, Hampton Roads, VA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Panel member: In-Depth Unmanned Systems Market Analysis. Jacobs Technology Days, held in conjunction with the Virginia AeroSpace Business Association and the Hampton Roads Unmanned Systems Opportunity Exchange, Hampton Roads, VA. Schaudt, W. A. (2017). Invited speaker: Virginia Techâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Automated Vehicle Research Program. Virginia Department of Transportation District Meeting, Culpeper, VA. Williams, V., & McLaughlin, S. (2017). Invited talk: Using New Research to Understand & Address Motorcyclist Behavior, Attitudes & Crashes. Lifesavers National Conference on Highway Safety Priorities, Charlotte, NC.

Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., & Buche, T. (2016). Selected Lane Position as Motorcyclists Approach and Traverse Intersections. Paper presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., McCall, R., & Buche, T. (2016). Motorcyclistsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Self-Reported Riding Mileage Versus Actual Riding Mileage in the Following Year. Paper presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., Atwood, J., & Buche, T. (2016). Factors that Increase and Decrease Motorcyclist Crash Risk. Paper presented at The International Motorcycle Safety Conference, KĂśln, Germany.

Student Presentations

Includes presentations made in collaboration with student author(s) Chen, H., Rakha, H. A., Loulizi, A., Almannaa, M., & El-Shawarby, I. (2016). Development and Field Testing of an Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control System in the Vicinity of Signalized Intersections. Presented at ITS America, San Jose, CA, June 12-16. Jahangiri, A., Elhenawy, M., Rakha, H., & Dingus, T. (2017). Studying Cyclist Violations at Stop Sign Controlled Intersections using Naturalistic Cycling Data. Presented at the 96th Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Washington DC, Jan. 7-12. [Paper # 17-00214] Jahangiri, A., Elhenawy, M., Rakha, H., & Dingus, T. (2016). Investigating Cyclist Violations at Signal Controlled Intersections Using Naturalistic Cycling Data. 19th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Nov. 1-4. Noble, A. M., Kusano, K. D., Scanlon, J. M., Doerzaph, Z. R., & Gabler, H. C. (2016). Driver Approach and Traversal Trajectories for signalized Intersections Using Naturalistic Data. Paper presented at the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting, Washington DC. Sarkar, A., Abbott, L., & Doerzaph, Z. (2016). Towards Skin Detection from Grayscale Image Using Local Texture Features. Paper presented at the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Las Vegas, Nevada. Sarkar, A., Abbott, L., & Doerzaph, Z. (2016). Skin detection for SHRP2 face video. Paper presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA. Sarkar, A., Abbott, L., & Doerzaph, Z. (2016). Biometric Authentication Using Photoplethysmography Signals. Paper presented at the 9th IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems. Sarkar, A., Abbott, L., Doerzaph, Z., & Sykes, K. (2016). Evaluation of Video Magnification for Nonintrusive Heart Rate Measurement. Paper presented at the Control, Measurement, and Instrumentation, Kolkata, India. Sarkar, A. (2017). Universal Skin Detection Without Color Information. Paper presented at the IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision - 2017, Santa Rosa, CA. Song, M. (2016). Crash Warning Systems for Connected Vehicles: Motorcycle Applications. Presented at the Motorcycle Research and Technology Workshop, Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, August 30-September 1, Blacksburg, VA.

HONORS, AWARDS, AND SERVICE TO THE PROFESSION Andy Alden

Appointed to the National Academies Transportation Research Board ADC30 Committee on Roadside Ecology Appointed Vice-Chair of the National Academies Transportation Research Board ADC60 Resource Conservation and Resource Conservation Committee TRB Project Panel, Comparison of Cost, Safety, and Environmental Benefits of Routine Mowing and Managed Succession of Roadside Vegetation, 2017 Virginia State Legislature Virginia Department of Transportation Briefing on Interstate 81, 2017

Myra Blanco

2017 U.S. Government Award for Safety Engineering Excellence

Tom Dingus

Member, Board of Directors, Intelligent Transportation Society of America Member, Board of Directors, Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International Moderator, International Naturalistic Driving Research – Challenges and Solutions, Fifth International Symposium on Naturalistic Driving Research, Blacksburg, VA

Cristian Druta

Member, AH010 Committee on Surface Transportation Weather

Johan Engstrom

Voting member, SAE Safety and Human Factors Standards Steering Committee Chair, SAE DVI Task Force 4: Evaluation Approaches, Prioritization and Mitigation Liaison member, SAE On-road Automated Driving Committee Member, U.S. delegation of the US-EU-JP Trilateral Working Group on Human Factors

Gerardo Flintsh

Associate Editor, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, Taylor & Francis Secretary and Vice-Chair, Committee TC D.1 Road Asset Management (representing AASHTO), World Road Association/Permanent International Association of Road Congresses (PIARC) Chair, Subcommittee AFD00(1) on Sustainable Pavements, Transportation Research Board Chair (founding), Committee AFD30 General and Emerging Pavement Design, Transportation Research Board Member, Committee AFD80 Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Pavement Sections, Transportation Research Board Member, Committee AFD20 Pavement Data Collection, Transportation Research Board Member, Committee AFD40 Full Scale/Accelerated Pavement Testing, Transportation Research Board Member, Committee ABC40 Transportation Asset Management, Transportation Research Board Co-Chair, World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Pushing the evolution of transportation infrastructures: let’s shape the future of pavement and asset management, Baveno, Italy, 2017.

Rich Hanowski

Invited to serve on the Advisory Committee of the Occupational Injury Prevention Research Training program, University of Utah, 2017 Invited by the National Safety Council to serve on the ANSI Subcommittee for the development of standards to address automated vehicles in fleets (Z15.3), 2017 Invited to serve on the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) COMVEC Executive Council, 2016 Lead organizer for the 10th International Conference on Managing Fatigue, 2017

Jeff Hickman

Chair, ANB70 Health and Wellness subcommittee Member, Transportation Research Board’s Committee on Truck and Bus Safety (ANB70)

Kathy Oliver

Virginia Tech Diversity Ally Certificate Virginia Tech Diversity Advocate Certificate

Hesham Rakha

Best Paper Award, 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems (VEHITS), Rome, Italy, 2016 Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems Associate Editor, Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technology, Planning and Operations Editorial Board, Transportation Letters: The International Journal of Transportation Research Editorial Board, IET Intelligent Transport Systems Journal Editorial Board, International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology Scientific Committee, 19th EURO Working Group on Transportation Meeting, Istanbul, Turkey, 2016 Associate Editor, 19th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2016 Associate Editor, IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2016 Member, ITS America Benefits Evaluation and Cost Committee Friend, Transportation Research Board Committee on Highway Capacity and Quality of Service (AHB40) Friend, Transportation Research Board Committee on Artificial Intelligence (ABJ70) Member, Professional Engineers of Ontario (PEO) Member, Egyptian Syndicate of Engineers (No. 281/14) Member, American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE) Member, Institute for Transportation Engineers (ITE) Member, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Member, Transportation Research Board (TRB) Member, Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Member, Transportation Research Board Committee on Air Quality

Andy Schaudt

Moderator and Organizer, Human Factors Breakout Session, Automated Vehicles Symposium, San Francisco, CA Co-Convener, Automated Vehicles Terms & Definitions Task Force, ISO TC22/SC39 (Road Vehicle Ergonomics) Reviewer, Journal of Safety Research

Publications Includes technical reports, journal articles, and conference proceedings.

Abdelghaffar, H., Yang, H., & Rakha, H. (2016). Isolated Traffic Signal Control Using a Game Theoretic Framework. In Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference. Abdelmegeed, M., Ahn, K., & Rakha, H. (2016). Modeling Light Duty Vehicle Emissions Exploiting VT-CPFM Fuel Estimates. (Paper No. 16-2448). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Ahn, K., Rakha, H., Kang, K., & Govindarajan, V. (2016). Multimodal Intelligent Transportation Signal System Impact Assessment: Field Testing and Simulation Results. (Paper No. 16-0731). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Ahn, K., Rakha, H., Kang, K., & Govindarajan, V. (2016). Multimodal Intelligent Transportation Signal System Simulation Model Development and Assessment. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Ala, M. V., Yang, H., & Rakha, H. (2016). Modeling Evaluation of Ecoâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in Vicinity of Signalized Intersections. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2559), 108-119. Alden, A. S., Mayer, B., Mcgowen, P., Sherony, R., & Takahashi, H. (2016). Animal-Vehicle Encounter Naturalistic Driving Data Collection and Photogrammetric Analysis (No. 2016-01-0124). SAE Technical Paper. Almannaa, M. H., Chen, H., Rakha, H. A., Loulizi, A., & El-Shawarby, I. (2017). Controlled-Field Evaluation of Effectiveness of Infrastructure to Vehicle Communication in Reducing Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Delay at Signalized Intersections (No. 17-01769). Antin, J., Guo, F., Fang, Y., Dingus, T., Perez, M., & Hankey, J. (accepted). A Validation of the Low Mileage Bias using Naturalistic Driving Study Data. Journal of Safety Research. Antin, J., Guo, F., Fang, Y., Dingus, T., Hankey, J., & Perez, M. (accepted). The influence of functional health on seniorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; driving risk. Journal of Transport and Health. Antin, J. F., Owens, J., Foley, J., Ebe, K., & Wotring, B. (2016). Comparing the Driving Safety Benefits of Brain Fitness Training Programs for Older Drivers (No. 2016-01-1441). SAE Technical Paper.

Bhagavathula, R., & Gibbons, R. B. (2017). Effect of Work Zone Lighting on Drivers’ Visual Performance and Perceptions of Glare. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2617), 44-51. Bhagavathula, R., Gibbons, R. B., & Nussbaum, M. A. (2017). Effects of Intersection Lighting Design on Nighttime Visual Performance of Drivers. LEUKOS, 1-19. Blanco, M., Hickman, J. S., Olson, R. L., Bocanegra, J. L., Hanowski, R. J., Nakata, A., Greening, M., Madison, P., Holbrook, G. T., & Bowman, D. (2016). Investigating critical incidents, driver restart period, sleep quantity, and crash countermeasures in commercial vehicle operations using naturalistic data collection. Report No. FMCSA-RRR-13-017. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier and Safety Administration, USDOT. Bocanegra, J., Hickman, J. S., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). Comparative Analysis of the Large Truck Crash Causation Study and Naturalistic Driving Data. Report No. FMCSA-RRR-13-018. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Boyle, L. N., Guo, E. H., Hammond, R. L., Hanowski, R. J., & Soccolich, S. A. (2016). Performance assessment of an onboard monitoring system for commercial motor vehicle drivers: A field operational test. Report No. FMCSA-RRR-15-019. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier and Safety Administration, USDOT. Bryce, J. M., Katicha, S. W., Diefenderfer, B. K., & Flintsch, G. W. (2016). Analysis of Repeated Network-Level Testing by the Falling Weight Deflectometer on I-81 in the Virginia Department of Transportation’s Bristol District (No. FHWA/VTRC 17-R6). Burks, S. V., Anderson, J. E., Bombyk, M., Haider, R., Ganzhorn, D., Jiao, X., Lewis, C., Lexvold, A., Liu, H., Ning, J., Toll, A., Hickman, J. S., Mabry, J. E., Berger, M., Malhotra, A., Czeisler, C. A., & Kales, S. N. (2016). Nonadherence with employer-mandated sleep apnea treatment and increased risk of serious truck crashes. Sleep, 39(5), 1-9. Camden, M. C., Medina-Flitch, A., Hickman, J. S., Miller, A. M., & Hanowski, R. J. (in press). Leveraging Large Truck Technology and Engineering to Realize Safety Gains: Automatic Emergency Braking Systems. Washington DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. Camden, M. C., Medina-Flitch, A., Hickman, J. S., Miller, A. M., & Hanowski, R. J. (in press). Leveraging Large Truck Technology and Engineering to Realize Safety Gains: Lane Departure Warning Systems. Washington DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. Camden, M. C., Medina-Flitch, A., Hickman, J. S., Miller, A. M., & Hanowski, R. J. (in press). Leveraging Large Truck Technology and Engineering to Realize Safety Gains: Air Disc Brakes. Washington DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. Camden, M. C., Medina-Flitch, A., Hickman, J. S., Miller, A. M., & Hanowski, R. J. (in press). Leveraging Large Truck Technology and Engineering to Realize Safety Gains: Video-Based Onboard Safety Monitoring Systems. Washington DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. Camden, M. C., Hickman, J. S., Medina-Flintsch, A., Bryce, J., Flintsch, G., Williams, A. K., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Winter maintenance operators’ and managers’ opinions and perceptions of fatigue. In Proceedings of the International Fatigue Management Conference, San Diego, CA. Chen, H., Rakha, H. A., Almannaa, M. H., Loulizi, A., & El-Shawarby, I. (2017). Field Implementation of an Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control System at Signalized Intersections (No. 17-04918). Chen, H., Rakha, H., Amara, L., El-Shawarby, I., & AlMannaa, M. (2016). Development and Preliminary Field Testing of an In-Vehicle EcoSpeed Control System in the Vicinity of Signalized Intersections. In Proceedings of the 14th IFAC Symposium on Control in Transportation Systems. Chen, H., Rakha, H., Loulizi, A., El-Shawarby, I., & Almannaa, M. (2016). Development and Preliminary Field Testing of an In-Vehicle EcoSpeed Control System in the Vicinity of Signalized Intersections. International Federation of Automatic Control, IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(3), 249-254. Chen, H., & Rakha, H. A. (2016). Multi-step prediction of experienced travel times using agent-based modeling. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 71, 108-121. Chen, L., Battaglia, F., Flintsch, G. W., & Kibler D. (2017). Highway Drainage at Superelevation Transitions by 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling. In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting. Chiara, F., Ahn, K., & Rakha, H. A. (2016). Power-based electric vehicle energy consumption model: Model development and validation. Journal of Applied Energy, 257-268. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.097

de Leon, E., Katicha, S., Flintsch, G. W., & McGhee, K. (2016). Pioneering the use of continuous pavement friction measurements to develop new Safety Performance Functions, improve the accuracy of crash count predictions, and evaluate possible treatments for the roads in Virginia. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2583), 81-90. de Leon Izeppi, E., Katicha, S. W., Flintsch, G. W., McCarthy, R., & McGhee, K. K. (2016). Continuous Friction Measurement Equipment As a Tool for Improving Crash Rate Prediction: A Pilot Study (No. VTRC 16-R8). Dinges, D. F., Maislin, G., Hanowski, R. J., Mollicone, D. J., Hickman, J. S., Maislin, D., Kan, K., Hammond, R. L., Soccolich, S. A., Moeller, D. D., & Trentalange, M. (2015, released in 2017). Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV) Driver Restart Study: Final Report. Report# FMCSARRR-15-011. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Druta, C., & Alden, A. (2016). Communications Worker Credentialing Requirements. NCHRP Web-only Document 232, Report No. 2059(52). Washington, DC: The National Academies. Du, J., Guo, F., & Rakha, H. (2016). Evaluation of High-Occupancy-Toll Lane Usage by Single-Occupancy Vehicles. (Paper No. 16-0793). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Ehsani, J. P., Klauer, S. G., Zhu, C., Gershon, P., Dingus, T. A., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2017). Naturalistic assessment of the learner license period. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 106: 275-284. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.06.014 El-Shawarby, I., Rakha, H., Amer, A., & McGhee, C. (2017). Characterization of Driver Perception Reaction Time at the Onset of a Yellow Indication. In Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation (pp. 371-382). Springer International Publishing. Elbery, A., El-Nainay, M., & Rakha, H. (2016). Proactive and Reactive Carpooling Recommendation System based on Spatiotemporal and Geosocial Data. In Proceedings of WiMob 2016: The 12th IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing. Elbery, A., Rakha, H., ElNainay, M., Drira, W., & Felali, F. (2016). Eco-Routing: An Ant Colony Based Approach. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. Elbery, A., Rakha, H. A., ElNainay, M., & Hoque, M. A. (2016). An Integrated Architecture for Simulation and Modeling of Small- and Medium-Sized Transportation and Communication Networks. In Smart Cities, Green Technologies, and Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 579 of the series Communications in Computer and Information Science, 282-303. Elhenawy, M., El-Shawarby, I., & Rakha, H. (2017). Modeling the Perception Reaction Time and Deceleration Level for Different Surface Conditions Using Machine Learning Techniques. In Advances in Applied Digital Human Modeling and Simulation (pp. 131-142). Springer International Publishing. Elhenawy, M., & Rakha, H. (2016). Expected Travel Time and Reliability Prediction using Mixture Linear Regression. (Paper No. 16-2813). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Elhenawy, M., & Rakha, H. (2016). Stretch-Wide Traffic State Prediction Using Discriminatively Pre-Trained Deep Neural Networks. In Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference. Elhenawy, M., & Rakha, H. (2016). Traffic Stream Speed Short-term Prediction using Machine Learning Techniques: I-66 Case Study. (Paper No. 16-3805). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Elhenawy, M., Rakha, H., & Chen, H. (2016). A Unified Real-time Automatic Congestion Identification Model Considering Weather and Roadway Visibility Conditions. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. Elhenawy, M., Rakha, H., & Chen, H. (2016). Traffic Stream Short-term State Prediction using Machine Learning Techniques. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems. Elhenawy, M., Jahangiri, A., Rakha, H., & El-Shawarby, I. (2016). Classification of Driver Stop/Run Behavior at the Onset of a Yellow Indication for Different Vehicle Types and Roadway Surface Conditions using Historical Behavior. (Paper No. 16-1632). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Elmoselhy, S. A., Faris, W. F., & Rakha, H. A. (2016). Experimentally validated analytical modeling of diesel engine power and in-cylinder gas speed dynamics. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 30(10), 4725-4734.

Engström, J., Bärgman, J., Nilsson, D., Seppelt, B., Markkula, G., Piccinini, G. B., & Victor, T. (2017). Great expectations: A predictive processing account of automobile driving. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 1-39. Engström, J., Markkula, G., Victor, T., & Merat, N. (2017). Effects of cognitive load on driving performance: The cognitive control hypothesis. Human factors, 0018720817690639. Fang, Y., Guo, F., Marchese, M., Getu, N., Radlbeck, J. (2017) Driving maneuver statistics using Shanghai NDS study. Industry report, General Motors Company. Faris, W. F., Rakha, H. A., & Elmoselhy, S. (2016). Validated analytical modeling of diesel engine regulated exhaust CO emission rate. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(6), 1687814016645981. Fiori, C., Ahn, K., & Rakha, H. (2016). Virginia Tech Comprehensive Power-based Electric Vehicle Energy Consumption Model: Model Development and Validation. (Paper No. 16-0631). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Fitch, G., Toole, L., Grove, K., Soccolich, S., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). Investigating drivers’ compensatory behavior when using a mobile device. Report No. 17-UT-048. Blacksburg, VA: The National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence. Retrieved from https:// vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/74305 Gillespie, R. M., Krum, A. J., Bowman, D., Baker, S., & Belzer, M. (2016). TCRP Report 185: Bus Operator Workstation Design for Improving Occupational Health and Safety (Project C-22). Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, The National Academies. Retrieved from http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_rpt_185.pdf. Grove, K., Atwood, J., Blanco, M., Krum, A., & Hanowski, R. (2016). Field Study of Heavy Vehicle Crash Avoidance System Performance. SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety, 5(2016-01-8011), 1-12. Guo, F., Klauer, S. G., Fang, Y., Hankey, J. M., Antin, J. F., Perez, M. A., ... & Dingus, T. A. (2016). The effects of age on crash risk associated with driver distraction. International journal of epidemiology, 46(1), 258-265. Hale, D., Phillips, T., Ma, X., Raboy, K., Su, P., Lu, X., Rakha, H., & Dailey, D. (2016). Introduction of Cooperative Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Systems to Improve Speed Harmonization. Report No. FHWA-HRT 16-023. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration, USDOT. Hammond, R. L., Hanowski, R. J., Miller, A. M., Soccolich, S. A., & Farrell, L. J. (2016). Distraction and Drowsiness in Motorcoach Drivers. Report No. FMCSA-RRR-15-017. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier and Safety Administration, USDOT. Hickman, J. S., & Hanowski, R. J. (in press). Effectiveness of fleet cell phone policies and state cell phone laws in reducing commercial motor vehicle drivers’ cell phone usage while driving. Hickman, J., Mabry, E., Marburg, L., Guo, F., Huiying, M., Hanowski, R., Whiteman, J., & Herbert, W. (in press). Commercial driver individual differences study (CDIDS). Report No. TBA. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Hickman, J. S., Guo, F., Camden, M. C., Dunn, N. J., & Hanowski, R. J. (2017). An observational study of the safety benefits of electronic logging devices using carrier-collected data. Traffic Injury Prevention, 18(3), 312-317. Hickman, J.S., Camden, M.C., Klauer, C.G., & Hanowski, R.J. (2017). Guidelines on Limiting Distraction from Visual Displays (VDs) in Vehicles. Contract No. T8080-160051. Ottawa, ON: Transport Canada. Hickman, J. S., Knipling, R. R., Olson, R. L., Fumero, M. C., Blanco, M., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). Light Vehicle-Heavy Vehicle Interaction Data Collection and Countermeasure Research Project. Report No. FMCSA-RRR-11-029. Washington, DC: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Holmes, L., Song, M., Neurauter, L., Doerzaph, Z., & Britten, N. (2016). Validations of Integrated DVI Configurations. Report No. DOT HS 812 310. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, USDOT. Jahangiri, A., Elhenawy, M., Rakha, H., & Dingus, T. (2016). Investigating Cyclist Violations at Signal-Controlled Intersections Using Naturalistic Cycling Data. In Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference. Jahangiri, A., Rakha, H., & Dingus, T. A. (2016). Red-light running violation prediction using observational and simulator data. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 96, 316-328.

Katicha, S. W., Flintsch, G. W., Bryce, J., & Diefenderfer B. (2017). Modeling Pavement Condition and Deterioration: Linear Empirical Bayes Approach. In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 96th Annual Meeting. Katicha, S. W., Loulizi, A., Khoury, J. E., & Flintsch, G. W. (2016). Adaptive False Discovery Rate for Wavelet Denoising of Pavement Continuous Deflection Measurements. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 31(2), 04016049. Katicha, S. W., Ercisli, S., Flintsch, G. W., Bryce, J. M., & Diefenderfer, B. K. (2016). Development of Enhanced Pavement Deterioration Curves (No. VTRC 17-R7). Krum, A., Bowman, D. S., Soccolich, S., Deal, V., Golusky, M., Joslin, S., ... & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s Advanced System Testing Utilizing a Data Acquisition System on the Highways (FAST DASH), Safety Technology Evaluation Project# 2: Driver Monitoring (No. FMCSA-RRR-16-002). Laguna, A., Rakha, H., & Du, J. (2016). Optimizing Isolated Traffic Signal Timing Considering Energy and Environmental Impacts. (Paper No. 16-1092). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Ma, J., Li, X., Shladover, S., Rakha, H. A., Lu, X. Y., Jagannathan, R., & Dailey, D. J. (2016). Freeway speed harmonization. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, 1(1), 78-89. Mabry, J. E., Hosig, K., Hanowski, R., Zedalis, D., Gregg, J., & Herbert, W. G. (2016). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in commercial truck drivers: A review. Journal of Transport & Health, 3(3), 413-421. McCall, R., McLaughlin, S., Williams, V., Rainey, C., & Fritz, S. (in press). Instrumented On-Road Study of Motorcycle Riders Volume 3: The Relationship between Exposure, Geometry and Crash/Near-Crash Risk (DOT # pending). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. McCarthy, R., Flintsch, G. W., de Leόn Izeppi, E., & Katicha, S. (2017). Establishing a Method for Identifying and Managing High Crash Locations. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Medina-Flintsch, A., Hickman, J. S., Guo, F., Camden, M. C., Hanowski, R. J., & Kwan, Q. (2017). Benefit-cost analysis of lane departure warning and roll stability control in commercial vehicles. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 73-80. Miller, A. M., Krum, A., Golusky, M., Joslin, S., Deal, V., Soccolich, S., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s Advanced System Testing Utilizing a Data Acquisition System on the Highways (FAST DASH), Safety Technology Evaluation Project# 3: Novel Convex Mirrors (No. FMCSA-RRT-15-021). Mollenhauer, M., Noble, A., & Doerzaph, Z. (2016). Mobile User Interface Development for the Virginia Connected Corridors. Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology, USDOT. Retrieved from http://ntl.bts.gov. Neurauter, M.L., Roan, M., Song, M., Harwood, L., Moore, D., and Glaser, D. (2017). Electric Vehicle Detectability by the Vision Impaired: Quantifying Impact of Vehicle Generated Acoustic Signatures on Minimum Detection Distances. In 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles, Paper Number 17-0134. Owens, J. M., Greene-Roesel, R., Habibovic, A., Head, L., & Apricio, A. (2018). Reducing Conflict Between Vulnerable Road Users and Automated Vehicles. In Road Vehicle Automation 4 (pp. 69-75). Springer, Cham. Palframan, K.D., & Alden, A. S. (2016). Reducing School Bus/Light-Vehicle Conflicts Through Connected Vehicle Communications. Connected Vehicle/Infrastructure University Transportation Center (CVI-UTC). Perez, M. A., Sudweeks, J. D., Sears, E., Antin, J., Lee, S., Hankey, J. M., & Dingus, T. A. (2017). Performance of basic kinematic thresholds in the identification of crash and near-crash events within naturalistic driving data. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 103, 10-19. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.03.005 Piccinini, G. B., Engström, J., Bärgman, J., & Wang, X. (2017). Factors contributing to commercial vehicle rear-end conflicts in China: A study using on-board event data recorders. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 143-153. Rakha H. (2016). Traffic Flow Theory. In Handbook of Transportation. ISBN 978-1-138-79821-2. Rakha, H., & Yang, H. (2016). Connected Vehicle Freeway Speed Harmonization Systems. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT.

Rakha, H., Bichiou, Y., Hassan, A., & Zohdy, I. (2016). Intersection Management Using In-Vehicle Speed Advisory/Adaptation. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT. Rakha, H., Chen, H., Almannaa, M., & El-Shawarby, I. (2016). Field Testing of Eco-Speed Control Using V2I Communication. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT. Rakha, H., Elhenawy, M., & Jahangiri, A. (2016). Bicycle Naturalistic Data Collection. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT. Rakha, H., Wang, J., & Abdelmegeed, M. (2016). Energy Consumption and Emission Modeling. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT. Rakha, H., & Yang, H. (2016). Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Systems. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT. Rainey, C., McLaughlin, S., Williams, V., McCall, R., Fritz, S., & Hill, P. (in press). Instrumented On-road Study of Motorcycle Riders Volume 4: Understanding Crash Sequences: Rider Behavior as an Indicator of Crash Risk (DOT # pending). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Ribeiro, K. M., Uechi, L., Corvacho, I., Medina, A., & Flintsch, G. W. (2017). Asset Management in Latin America and the Caribbean; Result from an Inter-American Development Bank Sectorial Study. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Rizzo, M., Stern, H. S., Blower, D., Czeisler, C. A., Dinges, D. F., Greenhouse, J. B., Guo, F., Hanowski, R.J., Hartenbaum, N.P., Krueger, G.P., Mallis, M.M., Pearson, J.R., Small, D.S., Stuart, E.A., & Wegman, D. H. (Panel on Research Methodologies and Statistical Approaches to Understanding Driver Fatigue Factors in Motor Carrier Safety and Driver Health). (2016). Commercial motor vehicle driver fatigue, long-term health, and highway safety: Research needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Roan, M., Neurauter, M. L., Moore, D., & Glaser, D. (2017). Electric Vehicle Detectability: a Methods-Based Approach to Assess Artificial Noise Impact on the Ability of Pedestrians to Safely Detect Approaching Electric Vehicles. SAE International Journal of Vehicle Dynamics, Stability, and NVH, 1(2017-01-1762), 352-361. Sangster, J., & Rakha, H. (2016). New Perspectives on Delay and Level of Service at Intersections and Interchanges. (Paper No. 16-2397). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Santos, J., Ferreira, A., Flintsch, G. W., & Cerezo, V. (2017). Consideration of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Optimal Pavement Maintenance Programming: a Comparison Between Single-Objective and Multi-Objective Optimization Approaches. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Santos, J., Ferreira, A., Flintsch, G. W., & Cerezo, V. (2017). A Multi-objective Optimization Approach for Sustainable Pavement Management. In Life-Cycle of Engineering Systems: Emphasis on Sustainable Civil Infrastructure. Shrestha, S., Katicha, S. W., & Flintsch, G. W. (2017). Field Evaluation of the Traffic Speed Deflectometer. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Solorio, R., Flintsch, G. W., Garnica, P., & Moreno, F. (2017). Modeling Roughness Progression in Mexican Roads Using Historical Data. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Pavement and Asset Management, Baveno, Italy. Song, M., McLaughlin, S., & Doerzaph, Z. (2017). An On-Road Evaluation of Connected Motorcycle Crash Warning Interface with Different Motorcycle Types. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 74, 34-50. Svenson, A., Stowe, L., & Krum, A. (2017). Single Unit Truck and Bus Considerations for V2V Implementation (No. 17-0232-W). 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). Retrieved from http://indexsmart.mirasmart.com/25esv/ PDFfiles/25ESV-000232.pdf. Svenson, A., Grove, K., Atwood, J., & Blanco, M. (2017). Using Naturalistic Data to Evaluate Heavy Vehicle Crash Avoidance Performance. (Paper No. 17-0231). 25th Enhanced Safety of Vehicles Conference, Detroit, MI. Talley, W., Ng, M., Cetin, M., Rakha, H.A., & Park, B. (2016). Multimodal Freight Distribution to Support Increased Port Operations. Washington, DC: University Transportation Centers Program, USDOT.

Thiese, M. S., Hanowski, R. J., Kales, S. N., Porter, R. J., Moffitt, G., Hu, N., & Hegmann, K. T. (2017). Multiple conditions increase preventable crash risks among truck drivers in a cohort study. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 59(2), 205-211. Wang, J., & Rakha, H. (2016). Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Fuel Consumption Modeling. (Paper No. 16-2147). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Wang, J., & Rakha, H. (2016). Hybrid-Electric Bus Fuel Consumption Modeling: Model Development and Comparison with Conventional Buses. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Wang, J., & Rakha, H. A. (2016). Fuel consumption model for conventional diesel buses. Applied Energy, 170, 394-402. White, E., Chilcott, D., & Doerzaph, Z. (2016). Enhanced Camera. Report No. 16-UT-044. Blacksburg, VA: National Surface Transportation Safety Center for Excellence. Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., Fritz, S., McCall R., & Rainey, C. (in press). Instrumented On-road Study of Motorcycle Riders Volume 1: Overview (DOT # pending). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., McCall, R., Rainey, C., Atwood, J., & Fritz, S. (in press). Instrumented On-road Study of Motorcycle Riders Volume 2: Motorcyclist Crash/Near-crash Risk and Related Factors (DOT # pending). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Williams, V., McLaughlin, S., McCall, R., Rainey, C., & Fritz, S. (in press). Instrumented On-road Study of Motorcycle Riders Volume 5: Motorcyclist Intersection Traversal Behavior (DOT # pending). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Yang, H., Ala, V. M., & Rakha, H. (2016). Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control at Signalized Intersections Considering Queue Effects. (Paper No. 16-1593). In Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting. Yang, H., Rakha, H., & Ala, M. V. (2017). Eco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control at Signalized Intersections Considering Queue Effects. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 18(6), 1575-1585. Zhang, Y., Druta, C., Wang, L., Xiong, H., & Zhang, W. (2017). Dynamic responses of asphalt concrete slab under cyclic wheel loading using acceleration spectrum analysis. Construction and Building Materials, 152, 134-144.

Student Publications

Denotes publications on which student(s) served as an author Abdelghaffar, H. M., Woolsey, C. A., & Rakha, H. A. (2017). Comparison of Three Approaches to Atmospheric Source Localization. Journal of Aerospace Information Systems. Abdelmegeed, M., & Rakha, H. (2017). Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Emission Modeling. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2627). doi:10.3141/2627-04. Almannaa, M., Chen, H., Rakha, H., Loulizi, A., & El-Shawarby, I. (2017). Reducing Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Delay at Signalized Intersections: Controlled-Field Evaluation of Effectiveness of Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Communication. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2621. Amarh, E. A., Fernandez-Gรณmez, W., Flintsch, G. W., Diefenderfer, B. K., & Bowers, B. F. (2017). Nondestructive In Situ Characterization of Elastic Moduli of Full-Depth Reclamation Base Mixtures. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2641), 1-11. Bryce, J., Katicha, S., Flintsch, G., & Diefenderfer, B. K. (2016). Developing a Network-Level Structural Capacity Index for Composite Pavements. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 23(1), 04016020. Chen, C., & Guo, F. (2016). Evaluating the influence of crashes on driving risk using recurrent event models and Naturalistic Driving Study data. Journal of applied statistics, 43(12), 2225-2238. Dehghani, M. S., Flintsch, G., & McNeil, S. (2017). Parametric Analysis of Roadway Infrastructure Vulnerability to Disruptions. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 23(4), 04017017.

Fadhloun, K., Rakha, H., & Loulizi, A. (2016). Analysis of moving bottlenecks considering a triangular fundamental diagram. International journal of transportation science and technology, 5(3), 186-199. Kang, K., & Rakha, H. (2017). A Game Theoretical Approach to Model Decision Making for Merging Maneuvers at Freeway On-Ramps. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2623). doi:10.3141/2623-03 Li, Q., Guo, F., Kim, I., Klauer, S. G., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2017). A Bayesian finite mixture change-point model for assessing the risk of novice teenage drivers. Journal of Applied Statistics, 1-22. McCarthy, R., Flintsch, G. W., Katicha, S. W., McGhee, K. K., & Medina-Flintsch, A. (2016). New approach for managing pavement friction and reducing road crashes. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2591), 23-32. McGhee, K. K., de León Izeppi, E. D., Flintsch, G. W., & Mogrovejo, D. E.* (2016). Virginia Quieter Pavement Demonstration Program. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2571), 49-58. Mogrovejo, D. E., Flintsch, G. W., Katicha, S. W., de León Izeppi, E. D., & McGhee, K. K. (2016). Enhancing Pavement Surface Macrotexture Characterization by Using the Effective Area for Water Evacuation. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2591), 80-93. Najafi, S., Flintsch, G. W., & Khaleghian, S. (2016). Pavement friction management–artificial neural network approach. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 1-11. Qiao, Y., Dawson, A., Parry, T., & Flintsch, G. W. (2016). Immediate effects of some corrective maintenance interventions on flexible pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 1-7. Santos, J. M., Thyagarajan, S., Keijzer, E., Flores, R. F., & Flintsch G. W. (in press). Comparison of Life-Cycle Assessment Tools for Road Pavement Infrastructure. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Santos, J., Flintsch, G., & Ferreira, A. (2017). Environmental and economic assessment of pavement construction and management practices for enhancing pavement sustainability. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 116, 15-31. Wang, J., & Rakha, H. (2017). Convex Fuel Consumption Model for Diesel and Hybrid Buses. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2647). doi:10.3141/2647-07 Wang, J., & Rakha, H. A. (2017). Electric train energy consumption modeling. Applied Energy, 193, 346-355.

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Thanassis Rikakis Dwight Shelton Theresa Mayer Julia Ross Pam VandeVord Sam Easterling Azim Eskandarian Luke Lester Eileen Van Aken Robert Sumichrast Paul Herr Sally Morton Ron Fricker Robert Schubert Hunter Pittman Anne Khademian Tom Dingus Pascha Gerni Jon Hankey

Office of the Provost Office of the Vice President for Finance and Chief Financial Officer Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation Engineering Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Industrial and Systems Engineering Pamplin College of Business Marketing Science Statistics College of Architecture and Urban Studies Architecture + Design Public Administration & Policy Virginia Tech Transportation Institute Virginia Tech Transportation Institute Virginia Tech Transportation Institute

2017 fiscal year