T H E O F F I C I A L ZI NE O F WI K I PILIP IN AS.ORG
MAY 2008
in this issue Labor Day • Batanes • Philippine Flower • Santacruzan • Binirayan Festival • Lechon Feast of Feasts • Liga • Tanging Ina • Pistang Pinoy • Sinaunang Ukit sa Angono Zoobic Safari • 10 Salawikain ukol sa Kagandahan • Famous Flipino Mothers PLUS! Filipiniana.net Image Database • Larong Pinoy
NOTESFROMTEAMWIKIPILIPINAS WikiPilipinas is about Filipinos, for Filipinos, and by Filipinos. The spirit of revolution is action, and it was the action of the millions of Filipinos who went to EDSA in February 1986 demanding to be heard, armed with nothing but prayers, yellow shirts, and the courage to change things together, which ignited the People Power Revolution. The spirit of EDSA lives as long as Filipinos continue to come together, believing in the idea of a world that is common to all, revolutionizing our society even as we keep on building it. WikiPilipinas provides us with a place where our histories and memories can be represented, where we tell our stories and document our society through collaborating with fellow Filipinos all over the world. Memory is the basis of a nation’s survival, and the store of its knowledge is the true measure of its worth. Animated with the spirit of action, empowered by WikiPilipinas, the revolution comes alive.
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COVER: Maskara Festival of Bacolod by Richard Grimaldo
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1
from the editors
The May 2008 issue of WikiZine features the grandest and most celebrated event in the country—the Filipino Fiesta! Showcased in this issue are the grandeurs of year round festivities from all over the Philippines. Browsing the pages of the zine will lead you up north to the Home of the Winds, bequeath to you the flowers that adorn arches in Santacruzan, and let you viceriously indulge in our delicious gastronomic feasts. We also honor workers in this issue as we commemorate Labor Day. In this issue, we also honor all the mothers on their special day with a rundown of some of the most famous Filipino matriarchs of the country. Also featured are some of the most popular traditional Philippine games, randomly selected from the memories of our childhood. To access the full articles, visit http://www.wikipilipinas.org. Filipiniana.net, WikiPilipinas’ tandem portal, is also featured in the WikiZine. Filipiniana.net is a full-text digital library which archives Philippine documents and manuscripts for free, making them accessible to readers and scholars here in the Philippines and abroad. The May issue of the WikiZine provides a preview of Filipiniana.net’s Image Database which contains vast collections of Philippine photographs as you log on to http://www.filipiniana.net. We hope that the WikiZine will serve as your guide to WikiPilipinas.org and Filipiniana.net. Start reading! You’ll find that you won’t run out of new and interesting things to discover. Start writing! No contribution is too small to share.
WikiPilipinas is part of the knowledge-sharing initiative of
ABOUT THIS ISSUE Embrace the Filipino culture as WikiPilipinas brings the brightest, most elaborate, and highly celebrated season of the year. Hop in. Join us. Experience every Filipino fiesta. GET YOUR CAMERAS READY. LIGHT UP THE FIESTA SEASON.
2 GOVERNMENT&POLITICS
Labor Day SIPA Araw ng Manggagawa, or Labor Day, a non-working holiday, is celebrated on May 1 of every year in the Philippines. This day honors workers all over the country; however, it is also often marked by demonstrations and rallies as the labor sector airs its grievances. History Labor Day in the Philippines was first celebrated in 1903, when the Philippines was still under US rule. That year, more than a hundred thousand workers organized by the Union Obrero Democratica de Filipinas (UODF) marched to Malacañang on the first of May to demand better working conditions. The American colonial government was alarmed. The Philippine Constabulary, composed of Americans and Filipinos, raided the printing press of UODF and arrested its president, Dominador Gomez, for illegal assembly and sedition. Ten years later, on May 1, 1913, Congreso Obrero de Filipinas was organized. Led by Hermenegildo Cruz, it fought for an eight-hour working day, abolition of child labor, just labor standards for women, and liability of capitalists. Since then, Labor Day in the Philippines has been commemorated not only with parades and celebrations, but also with rallies and demonstrations of the labor sector. On May 1, 2001, “EDSA III” or “People Power 3” took place; it differed from EDSA One and EDSA Dos in that the main participants were the masa—the supporters of impeached president Joseph Estrada—against newly installed president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. It started as a demonstration that became a political revolt and ...
Photo from www.arkibongbayan.org.
Named after the manner in which the game is played, Sipa (in English: “Kick”) is the Philippines’ national and traditional game. This daytime outdoor game common to Filipinos, usually of two or more male players, requires kicking skills and is played by singles, doubles or quadruples. Similar to Sepak Takraw, Sipa originally uses a rattan ball. Other variations of the sipa ball includes that made of tingga or washer. The objective of the game is to kick the sipa ball as many times as the player can without it falling on the ground. The player needs to kick the ball in such a manner that it will be difficult for the opponent to return the ball, or in a way in which the opponent will have a high probability of committing errors. The last kick requires a certain height, that is, up in the air, above the head of other participants and the “it.”
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Labor_Day.
GEOGRAPHY&TRAVEL 3
Batanes
Photo by Liz Reyes.
PUKPOK PALAYOK
Batanes, known as the “Home of the Winds,” is the smallest and northernmost province of the Philippines. It is comprised of 10 main islands, 3 of which are inhabited, with Basco as the capital. One of its islands, Y’ami, lies just 100 kilometers south of Taiwan which makes it closer to Taiwan than it is to mainland Luzon. The province is home to the Ivatans who are nationally acclaimed as the “True Insulares.” The Ivatans are of Malay stock, tracing their roots to early immigrants from Formosa, Taiwan, as well as to Spaniards who came to the island in the 16th century. Being an insular people, the Ivatans have kept the purity of their culture through time. Aside from the famous Ivatans, Batanes is known for its dried fish which is the local staple of the province. Handicrafts like native hats and fans are among the more popular export-quality handicraft products of the province, and garlic from Batanes is known for its superior quality. Sugarcane or palek is also sold widely in the islands. Furthermore, because of its pristine environment, the beautiful seascapes and landscapes of the province have been declared as Protected Areas. Geography The Batanes island group is the smallest province in the Philippines in terms of population and land area. The capital of Batanes, Basco is 280 kilometers north of Aparri, Cagayan (the tip of main island of Luzon) while it is only 190 kilometers south of Taiwan. The island-province is strewn on a 4,500 square kilometer expanse of territorial waters, the Luzon Strait and Balintang Channel, where the Pacific Ocean merges with the South China Sea, a sealane ...
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Batanes.
The Pukpok Palayok (in English: hitting the pot) is a traditional Filipino game that involves a person’s memory and his ability in hitting objects. It is usually played by two or more contestants who must hit the palayok or clay pot using a club or bat while blindfolded. The first player who can smash the palayok into pieces wins a prize. Every palayok contains coins, candies and other small prizes, which are available to anyone who can grab them as soon as they fall to the ground. For this reason, it is very common to see children gather around the palayok and wait for someone to break it into pieces. This game, due to its fun and exciting nature, is often played during town fiestas, parties and other celebrations.
4 SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY
HOLEN
Marbles, locally known as holen or jolen, is one of the traditional games played by Filipino children which is slowly being forgotten due to the rapid advancement in technology to amuse, entertain, and occupy kids these days. Two of the most common variants of these games are: first, the type in which the players try to knock their opponents’ marbles out of a circle with their own marble (and so win them); and second, the type in which the players try to hit a target and roll their marble through a hoop or into a hole by rolling, throwing or knuckling the marble. Among the many techniques mastered by those who play holen is “shooting,” done by holding the marble between the bent index finger and the knuckle of the thumb then flipping the marble forward towards its target by the straightening action of the thumb. This must be done “knuckles down” which means that the knuckle of the hand doing the shooting must be pressed to the ground when the marble is released.
Philippine Flowers The month of May brings to mind two things: feasts and flowers. In different parts of the world celebrations in the name of flowers are commemorated, signifying nature’s rejuvenation after the cold spell of winter. Here in tropical Philippines colors abound in the greenery when inflorescences finally bloom. The traditional Santacruzan sees its participants’ arches gaily decorated with these handpicked flowers, creating an atmosphere of beauty and warmth. Here are some flowers the Filipinos regard as their favorites. Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata) Its name “ylang-ylang”originates from the Tagalog word for “rare,” as this flower possesses a fragrant scent unlike any other. In fact its essential oils are quite useful in aromatherapy, and are believed to relieve high blood pressure and normalize sebum secretion for skin problems. The ylangylang tree is a native of the Philippines, and prefers to grow on its slightly acidic rainforest soils. Its flowers are yellowgreen in color, and shaped much like a starfish. Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) The sampaguita, a native of tropical Asia, is the Philippines’ national flower. These petite but very fragrant flowers are made into garlands and used as welcome offerings or honorary symbols for dignitaries or achievers. Sold on the streets of Manila, the flower necklaces usually adorn vehicles, or are taken home by Catholic devotees to decorate their altars. Aside from the ornamental value of the sampaguita, the flower is used as alternative medicine by some of the locals. For example, it has been used as a lactifuge, sedative, anaesthetic, and vulnerary.
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Philippine_Flowers.
Waling-waling (Vanda sanderiana) The waling-waling is a rare epiphytic orchid endemic to the island of Mindanao, particularly in the foothills of Mount Apo in Davao, Cotabato, and Surigao. It flowers seasonally, and its twoweek bloom occurs during the peak months of July until December. Hailed as the “Queen of Philippine Orchids,” the waling-waling is considered by many as the country’s best orchid ...
RELIGION&BELIEFS 5
Photo by Ramon Barriga of www.flickr.com.
Santacruzan
In the Philippines, the month of May, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, is the season of colorful festivals. Considered the Queen of Filipino Festivals or the Queen of May Festivities, the most colorful is the Santacruzan (Festival of the Holy Cross), a commemoration of the finding of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem by Saint Helena, mother of Constantine the Great. This Filipino tradition, introduced by the Spanish conquerors, is more than 100 years old and lives on even in Europe and America. Filipino communities and associations all over the world celebrate the Santacruzan with the same pageantry and glamor as the townsfolk in their homeland. History The Santacruzan is a novena procession remembering the mythical finding of the cross by St. Helena, the mother of Constantine the Great. According to legend, 300 years after the death of Christ, St. Helena, at the age of 75 went to Calvary to conduct a search for the Cross. After some archaeological diggings at the site of the Crucifixion, she unearthed three crosses. She tested each one by making a sick servant lie on all three. The cross where the servant recovered was identified as Christ’s. The anniversary of the finding of the Cross is traditionally celebrated on the third of May. Customs Santacruzan is celebrated as a religious-historical beauty pageant held in many cities, towns and small villages ...
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Santacruzan.
PATINTERO
Patintero, also called Tinubigan, Patubig or Lantay-lantay, is a popular street game among Pinoys. It is considered to be best played and enjoyed at night especially when the moon is full. The players start off the game by marking the ground with a rectangular shape about five to six meters, all divided into equal parts. Chalk or water is the most common kind of marker being used for this game, although sometimes the players may just draw lines on the ground by dragging their feet. The players are then divided into two teams of equal number. One team guards the area and tries to tag the members of the other team without stepping off the lines. The other team tries to get through all the two or three lines without being tagged. Both teams take turns to be runners and guards. Some of the game’s players include the patotot, the pulis and “around the world”.
6 HISTORY
TUMBANG PRESO
The Binirayan Festival, celebrated in the province of Antique every end of April, is a month-long colorful commemoration of the landing of the ten Bornean datus in Malandog, Hamtic, Antique in the mid-thirteenth century. Unlike other Visayan festivals that honor and venerate the Señor Sto. Niño, the Binirayan remembers the Malay roots of the Antiqueños. Historical Background Binirayan, which means “where they landed,” reenacts the Maragtas Legend that brought the ten datus to Sirwagan Creek in San Joaquin to escape the tyrannical rule of Datu Makatunaw in Borneo. According to the legend, the datus bought the island of Panay from Marikudo, the chief of the Aetas, with a golden salakot. Together with their wives, they populated the entire Visayan region and established a confederation of barangays which they called Madya-as, under the rule of Datu Sumakwel. In the 1970s, the localities of Antique decided to stage an event to trace their noble roots and look back on the achievements of their ancestors. The first Binirayan Festival was held on 30 April to 1 May 1974, as advocated by Evelio B. Javier, then governor of the province. Javier died in 1986, but the annual celebration of this event has continued. ...
Photos by Jose de Luna of www.trekearth.com.
As one of the classic Filipino games, the rules of Tumbang Preso are known by practically every kid who grew up playing on the streets. All that is needed to play this game are a tin can and tsinelas. The main objective is to topple down a can guarded by the “taya” or “it,” and at the same time obtaining the “pamato” or “taw” used by the successful player then returning to the base without being tagged. Sounds like a chore, but you know it’s mighty exciting. In fact, so exciting that children deliberately miss their afternoon siesta just to play a little tumbang preso.
Binirayan Festival
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Binirayan_festival
BUSINESS&ECONOMY 7
Photo by Philippines Pilipinas at www.flickr.com.
Lechon
The lechon, from the Spanish word meaning “suckling pig,” is the most popular specialty food among Filipinos, especially during town fiestas, Christmas celebrations (Pasko), family reunions and gatherings. Originally, the term connotes a roasted pig that has been skewered by a bamboo spear. Today, it refers to the method of roasting pigs, chickens, or cows using heat from charcoal. Traditionally, the head of the lechon is given to the hosts or organizers of the celebration, the tail goes to those who always stutter when they talk, and the remaining parts of the lechon are given to the guests for consumption. Preparation The lechon is prepared by stuffing herbs and spices inside the pig’s body after it has been cleaned and skewered. The pig is then placed in position and slowly be hand roasted above the heated charcoal. It will be rotated slowly until its skin turns reddish brown and its flesh becomes tender. After several hours, the lechon will then placed on top of a table and will be chopped into pieces. In some areas, an apple or orange is placed into the pig’s mouth to make it more appealable. It is often served with thick liver sauce cooked with vinegar, sugar and herbs, popularly called the sarsa. Traditionally, the head of the lechon is given to the hosts or organizers of the celebration, the tail goes to those who always stutter when they talk, and the remaining parts of the lechon are given to the guests for consumption. The La Loma District The La Loma district in Quezon City has the distinction of being the lechon capital of the Philippines. ...
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Lechon.
PALO SEBO
The Palo Sebo or Palosebo (Greased Bamboo Climbing) is a traditional Filipino game that involves using only the bare hands and feet to climb a greased bamboo pole and get the flag at its top. The player who reaches the top, gets the flag, and brings it back down to the ground, is declared the winner and given a prize. This game is usually played by two (2) or more boys during town fiestas and other celebrations in the provinces of the Philippines. It may use only one pole or multiple poles, and may be played individually or as a team. In Ormoc, Leyte, another version of the palo sebo, Palomba Og Saka sa Lobe (Racing up a greased coconut tree), is played during the town fiesta to honor its patron saints -- St. Peter and St. Paul. In this version, a coconut tree is used instead of the bamboo pole and is greased six feet from the ground. The participants will try to reach the top where a coconut husk containing a silver coin awaits them.
8 CULTURE&ARTS
ince the Filipino people are one of the most joyful and sociable races, it doesn’t come as a surprise that we have a long list of festivals and celebrations all year round. These festivals, or fiestas, as they are commonly called, are some of the most anticipated events in the country. Fiesta season, which covers the months from December to May, attracts tourists from all the world. Filipinos celebrate fiestas for various reasons. These include showing gratitude for good harvest, commemorating significant events in local history, and celebrating the feast days of saints. Philippine festivals are characterized by overflowing food, joyous music, and colorful games and contests. Fiestas have become an unforgettable part of Filipino culture. Not only do they uplift the spirit of Filipinos, they also help in the growth of tourism in the country. Below is a list of some of the popular festivals in the Philippines.
JANUARY
Ati-atihan Festival 3rd Sunday of January Kalibo, Aklan
Ati-atihan Festival, the “Mother of All Philippine Festivals,” is celebrated through a series of merrymaking activities featuring the rich culture of Aklan. This local feast is known for its colorful street dancing as participants with black body paint and tribal costumes cheer “Hala Bira!” to lively drumbeats. This is held in honor of the patron Santo Niño during the third Sunday of January.
FEBRUARY
Panagbenga Festival February 1 - 28 Baguio City
This month-long festival is a popular tourist attraction that showcases the grand parade of flowers and rich cultural traditions in Baguio City. This celebration is marked with elaborate floral designs, street dancing, a grand fireworks display, and other weekly activities that include local art shows and beauty pageants.
MARCH
Paraw Regatta Festival 1st Sunday of March Iloilo City
Summer in Iloilo City is traditionally highlighted by the race of a hundred paraws (sailboats) along the water
CULTURE&ARTS 9
strait between Iloilo City and Guimaras during the Paraw Regatta Festival. The annual festival primarily intends to encourage local tourism and preserve paraws as part of the Ilonggo culture and history. Other activities include sail painting (Pinta Paraw), body painting (Pintawo), fishing tournament, and Regatta Model Search.
JUNE
APRIL Moriones Festival Holy Week Marinduque The annual observance during the Lenten Season in Marinduque is marked by the folk-religious festival of Moriones which has become the foremost tourist attraction of the province. The festival relives the miraculous restoration of Longinus’ (a Roman centurion who speared the crucified Christ) sight through a dramatic play. For an entire week, religious devotees parade on the streets of Boac, Gasan, and Torrijos with their intricately designed Moriones costumes of painted masks, helmets, and tunics.
MAY
This is a flower festival held in honor of the Virgin Mary all throughout the Philippines. Every afternoon for an entire month, songs, prayers and flowers are offered to the Blessed Mother. Sharing of local snacks follows after this daily ritual. This month-long festival culminates with a procession called Santacruzan.
Flores de Mayo May 1 - 31 Nationwide
Parada ng Lechon June 24 Balayan, Batangas
The Filipinos’ most famous festival of food becomes the center of attention as the people of Balayan, Batangas, line-up hundreds of lechon on the streets. These crispy roasted pigs are usually dressed as brides and grooms while others wear different apparel to delight the audience even before they savor the dish. This festival is also held along with the feast of their patron St. John.
JULY
Sandugo Festival July 20 Tagbilaran City, Bohol
This is an annual festivity held in commemoration of the first international treaty of friendship between Filipinos and Spaniards, led by Rajah Sikatuna and ...
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Philippine_Festivals.
10 SPORTS&LEISURE
Liga
Teks (from the English word text) is a popular Filipino card game played by children. The cards used in the game (called teks) are very small, about a quarter of the size of regular playing cards. Featured in the cards are cartoon storyboard clips of local films complete with characters’ dialogues and action sequences. The game relies heavily on betting which side will come up, and is decided by flicking the teks in the air. Some players slap the cards against each other in a high five for added effect.
Photo by Akumach at http://www.flickr.com.
TEKS
Ligà (from the English word league) is an annual sporting event held in villages and barangays across the Philippines during the summer months of April and May. Spearheaded by local government councils such as the Liga ng Barangay and the Sangguniang Kabataan, ligàs draw interest from participants as young as 12 and as old as 40 years old. While some ligàs exclusively take entries of teams from within the barangay, some tournaments feature inter-barangay competitions. Most teams that join the summer basketball league have managers. A few managers choose a hands-on approach to their team’s operations, playing trainer and even coach to their players. Some, on the other hand, stay on the sidelines during practice and live games, leaving the direction to hired coaches and trainers. Players usually pick affluent and influential personalities from their village as managers, chiefly because the job calls for funding. These managers shoulder the basketball operations of the team—from jerseys and accessories to the refreshments during a game. Those teams without managers raise funds needed for their basketball operations by doing a village door-to-door fund-raising campaign. This practice, popularly regarded as “solicitation”, is done by giving out “solicitation forms” to homeowners in their barangay. These forms usually come in the form of an envelope labelled on the outside with the team’s name. A letter inside indicates the team’s fervent wish for a contribution “of any amount”. To give the homeowners a more personal touch, some teams attach the signatures of their entire roster to the letter. ...
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Liga.
MEDIA&ENTERTAINMENT 11
Ang Tanging Ina Ang Tanging Ina is Star Cinema’s 10th Anniversary Offering. This comedy film starring comedy and box office queen Ai-Ai de las Alas is a story of a single mom struggling to make both ends meet for the sake of her children. Synopsis Widowed by three husbands, Ina Montecillo (Ai-Ai de las Alas) struggles to be a provider, homemaker and a mother to her twelve children. However, despite all that she does, like taking on extraordinary jobs in order to provide a comfortable life for all of them, her kids grow resentful of her as she unknowingly becomes part of their problem. Reviews “ The movie is as realistic as it can be. There are no exaggerations in the script and also in the acting...It has a good storyline and script, good actors and a good director that was able to execute the script so well that no gaps with the story can be seen. All grounds were covered; the audience won’t be left guessing and hanging on scenes.” - Arvee (http://arveearvs.multiply.com/reviews/item/1arveearvs) “ Ai-ai was obviously trying her best to make the scenes funny BUT the other cast members were too corny...the story line was light but too impossible to happen. I saw the effort but u can skip this one.” - Lord of the Movies http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0368323/lord of the movies Cast Ai-Ai de las Alas - Ina Marvin Agustin - Juan Nikki Valdez - Tudis Carlo Aquino - Dimitry/Tri Heart Evangelista- Portia/Por Alwyn Uytingco- Pip Marc Acueza - Sixto Shaina Magdayao - Severina/Seven Serena Dalrymple - Cate
For the complete article, visit http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Ang_Tanging_Ina.
TEN-TWENTY
Ten-Twenty is more commonly played by young girls, though boys can also join this game. Similar to Chinese Garter, the only thing needed to play it is a thin garter about 2 yards long, or a number of gomas intertwined. Ten. Twenty. Thirty. Forty. Fifty. Sixty. Seventy, Eighty. Ninety...One Hundred! the players chant in chorus as each of them take turns to jump and perform the exhibition needed for each level. The game gets more difficult and requires more gymnastic feats as it progresses. Likod tuhod, below da pwet, kili-kili, close feet, sideview, leeg, magic, tinikling, around the world and apak are just some of the stages of this game.
12 WIKIFILIPINO
Pistang Pinoy
Ang Luksong Tinik ay isa sa mga tanyag na larong Filipino na nilalaro ito ng dalawang koponan na may parehas na bilang. Ang bawat koponan ay mamimili ng pinuno – kadalsang ito ay manlalarong may kakayahang pinakamataas tumalon sa grupo, at siyang tatawaging “Nanay.” Pagkatapos makapamili ng “Nanay”, ay magkakaroon ng manuhan o pagpili kung sino sa dalwang koponan ang mag-uumpisa ng laro. Dalawang manlalarong magkaharap ang pagdirikitin ang kanilang mga talampakang magsisilbing “tinik.” Magsisimulang magsipagtalon ang bawat miyembro ng kabilang koponan sa “tinik”, hanggang makatalon ang huling kasapi. Kung sakali’t walang tumama sa “tinik” ay daragdagan ang pagpapataong ng mga kamay hanggang tumaas ang tinik.
Photo by Paul Borromeo of www.flickr.com.
LUKSONG-TINIK
Ang pista ay isa sa malalaking pagdiriwang na ginugunita bawat taon sa iba’t ibang dako ng Filipinas. Tampok dito, saan mang lugar sa kapuluan, ang mga makukulay na parada, mga katutubong seremonya, sayawan, paligsahan, at masasaganang handaan. Ang panahon ng kapistahan ay isa rin sa mga pinaka-inaabangang pagdiriwang na patuloy na dinarayo ng mga turista taun-taon. Mga Tema Isa lamang ang pista sa sa mga tradisyong nakaugalian na ng mga Filipino bago pa man dumating ang mga dayuhang mananakop ng bansa bilang pag-alaala at pasasalamat sa diyos ng kalikasan at espiritu ng kani-kaniyang mga ninuno. Ngunit sa paglipas ng panahon, naging bahagi na rin ng pagdiriwang ang ilan sa mga kaugalian at paniniwala ng mga Espanyol—na siyang may pinakamalaking kontribusyon sa kultura ng Pilipinas. Sa kasalukuyan, ang mga ipinagdiriwang na pista ngayon ay kakikitaan na ng magkakahalong tradisyon ng Kristiyano, animismo o anitoismo, at iba pang katutubong paniniwala. Preparasyon Ang mga pista ay may kani-kaniyang tema sa bawat barangay o bayan. Kadalasan, ang mga malalaking pista ay ginaganap bilang pag-alaala sa mga Santong Patron, pasasalamat sa masaganang ani, at paggunita sa mga makasaysayang pangyayari tulad ng anibersaryo. Bago pa man sumapit ang mismong araw ng kapistahan ay itinatakda na ang magsisilbing ‘Hermano/a Mayor’ na siyang magiging punong-abala sa pagpaplano ng lahat magaganap. ...
For the complete article, visit http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Pista.
WIKIFILIPINO 13
Sinaunang Ukit Sa Angono
Photo posted by Tutubi Philippines at www.backpackingphilippines.com.
Ang Sinaunang Ukit sa Angono o Angono Petroglyph ay kinikilala na pinakamatandang uri ng sining sa Filipinas. Matatagpuan sa hangganan ng mga bayan ng Binangonan at Angono sa Rizal, ang sinaunang ukit na ito ay natuklasan ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining na si Carlos “Botong” Francisco noong 1965. Ayon sa pagsusuri ng mga eksperto, tinatayang taong 3,000 BC iginuhit ang mga abstraktong larawan dito. Makikita sa batuhang haligi ng bundok ang mga naiibang anyo ng tao, butiki at iba pang uri ng hayop na umaabot sa 127 bilang, subalit karamihan sa mga ito’y mahirap nang maaninag dahil sa pagkawasak sanhi ng erosyon at bandalismo. Kamakailan lamang ay natagpuan din sa paligid nito ang ilang mga kagamitang seramika, mga maliliit na tiklap ng obsidian at sigay. Noong 1996, sa bisa ng Presidential Decree 260, ang Sinaunang Ukit sa Angono ay napabilang sa hanay ng mga pambansang kayamanang pangkultura ng bansa, at binigyan ng kaukulang pondo, mula sa Pambansang Museo, Kagawaran ng Turismo at World Monuments Fund, upang mapanatili ang likas na anyo nito. Sa pakikipagtulungan ng UNESCO, International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property, at International Council on Monuments and Sites ay napasama din ito sa World’s Inventory of the Rock Art. Isa sa mga pinakamataas na pagkilalang iginawad sa Angono Petroglyph ay nang ito’y inomina ng World Monument Watch List para sa Sandaang Pinakananganganib na Pook sa Mundo. ...
Para sa buong artikulo, bumisita sa http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Sinaunang_Ukit_sa_Angono.
TURUMPO
Ang Turumpo o Trumpo ay isa sa mga tanyag na laruan sa Pilipinas. Yari ito sa kahoy na hinulmang pabilog at ang isang bahagi ay bahagyang kinortehan ng patulis na nagbibigay dito ng anyong tila itlog. Mula sa patusok na bahagi ay may pako na nakabaon at isang pulgada dito ay nakalabas. Ang dulo ng pako ay hinahasa at pinapatulis. Gamit ang isang metrong tali ay napapaikot ng isang manlalaro ang laruang ito. May dalawang bersyon ng paglalaro ng turumpo batay sa dalawang pangunahing layunin nito: una, tamaan ang turumpo ng kalabang manlalaro upang ito ay magasgasan o tuluyang masira; at pangalawa, paikutin ang turumpo sa pinakamatagal na oras na kakayanin nito.
14 WIKIFILIPINO
Ang pagsasabong ng gagamba ay isa sa mga larong kinawiwilihan ng mga batang Filipino. Gumagala ang mga bata sa mga kakahuyan, palayan, at pati na sa mga bodega at silid-imbakan upang manghuli ng mga gagamba, na inilalagay naman nila sa mga kahon ng posporo. Kung higit sa isang gagamba ang nahuhuli ng isang bata, kadalasan ay nilalagyan niya ang kahon ng partisyon na gawa sa dahon ng niyog upang mapaglalagyan ang kahon ng higit sa isang gagamba nang hindi nagaaway ang mga ito. Kahit na anong gagamba ay maaaring gamitin sa larong ito, ngunit naniniwala ang ilan na pinakamatapang daw ang mga gagambang natatagpuan sa mga linya at kawad ng kuryente. Sa larong ito, inilalagay ang dalawang gagamba sa magkabilang dulo ng isang tingting at minamanipula ang mga ito hanggang mag-away na tila manok na nagsasabong. Panalo ang gagambang nagtagumpay na ibalot sa sapot ang kalaban.
Zoobic Safari
Photo by Abe Olandres of www.yugatech.com.
SABONG NG GAGAMBA
Ang Zoobic Safari sa Subic, Zambales ay isang pook-panturismo na kilala sa makabago at kakaibang istilo nito ng pag-aalaga at paghahantad ng samu’t saring hayop. Iwinangis sa mga tanyag na safari sa Africa, ang 25-ektaryang safari na ito ay itinayo sa dating himpilan ng US Naval Magazine at mistulang isang kagubatan sa gitna ng siyudad. Ito ay isa sa mga sangay ng Residence Inn na nagtataguyod at nagsasaayos ng mga hayupan (o zoo) kabilang na rin ang konserbasyon at pangangalaga sa mga hayop at sa kalikasan. Ang Liwasan Sa tulong ng Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority at Yupangco Group of Companies ay naisakatuparan ang pagbuo ng tila kaharian ng mga hayop sa Subic. Ang kabuuan ng Forest Adventure ay umaabot sa lawak na 50-ektarya at 25 ektarya dito ay nakalaan sa Zoobic Safari. Ang malawak na pook-pasyalan na ito ay naging paboritong lugar para sa mga turistang Filipino at dayuhan na hangad makakita at makasalamuha ang iba’t ibang klase ng hayop. Malaya naman ang ilang hayop na magpagala sa kalsada, gaya ng mga ostrich, unggoy at ilang natitirang tamaraw. Mga Pang-akit Zoobic Park. Makikita sa bahaging ito ng safari ang iba’t ibang uri ng hayop na matiwasay na namumuhay. Ang palibot nito’y pinuno ng mga bungang-kahoy at mga halaman upang mag mistulang kakahuyan. Ang ilang hayop gaya ng baboy, manok, pato at bisiro ay malayang nakagagala sa paligid ng parke, habang ang iba, gaya ng unggoy, puting kalabaw, oso, pabo, mga ibon at iba pa, ay iniingatan sa kanilang malalaking kulungan. ...
Para sa buong artikulo, bumisita sa http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Zoobic_Safari.
WIKIFILIPINO 15
10 Salawikain na Ukol sa Kagandahan Libo-libo man ang salawikain sa Filipinas, maaari pa ring mahugot sa hanay nito ang mga hiyas na hindi maluluma magpahangga ngayon. Inuri ito ng mga tagasubaybay ng Wikifilipino at ginamit ang ilang pamantayan. Una, ang paggamit ng talinghaga. Ikalawa, ang paggamit ng imahen o hulagway. Ikatlo, ang masining na paggamit ng sukat at tugma sa ilang pagkakataon. Ikaapat, ang paggamit ng katutubong dalumat o konseptong mula sa isang bayan o lipi. At ikalima, ang himig at tinig ng tula. Ang kombinasyon ng katutubong kasiningan at bisa nito ang pinahalagahan sa pamimili. Nilimitahan ng pangkat ang pamimili hinggil sa konsepto ng “kagandahan” ng Filipino, bilang panimula. Hindi lamang Tagalog ang pinagbatayang salawikain, bagkus maging ang iba pang wikang lalawiganin sa Filipinas. Ang sumusunod—ang sa aming palagay—ang pinakamakukulay na salawikaing Filipino hinggil sa kagandahan.
Magandang pamintana, masamang pangkusina.
Sa modernong panahon, maaaring ipakahulugan ito na “magandang idispley na siyota, pero tamad sa kitchen!” O kaya’y walang alam na gawaing bahay ang kasintahan o asawa, ngunit seksi o makisig pumorma.
Ang matuod nga katahom, makita sa tagiposuon.
Kawikaan ito ng Hiligaynon. Nakikita umano ng puso ang tunay na ganda o xfactor. Kaugnay nito ang “loob” na isa pang katutubong konsepto ng Filipino. Paano makikita ang tunay na ganda? Huwag magsalamin. Gamitin ang pag-ibig at pagunawa.
Kadalasan, ang karikta’y ginagawang isang bitag upang siyang ipanghuli Noong ibig ipahamak.
Totoo hangga ngayon, at ginagamit pa ring padron kahit sa telenobela, gaya ng Marimar. Ang pisikal na ganda ay malimit umanong pang-akit upang ibulid sa masama ang isang tao. ...
TATSING
Isa sa mga kinawiwilihang larong Filipino ang Tatsing. Ang katawagang ito ay hiniram mula sa salitang Ingles na “touching.” Layunin ng bawat manlalaro nito na makakuha ng pinakamaraming tansán mula sa iginuhit na hugis kwadrado sa lupa gamit ang kani-kaniyang pamato (bato). Ang larong ito ay nangangailangan ng galing sa pagtantiya upang mailabas ang mga tansán nang hindi maiiwan ang pamato sa loob ng iginuhit na kwadrado. Maliban sa tansán, gumagamit din ang ibang mga manlalaro ng tsapà (lead washers) o kaya naman ay barya. Sa paggamit ng mga ito, nagiging higit na mahirap ang laro.
Para sa buong artikulo, bumisita sa http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=10_Makulay_na_Salawikaing_Filipino_ukol_sa_Kagandahan.
16 WOMEN
Chinese Garter, a game requiring flexibility, balance and coordination, is a popular game for Filipino children, most specifically among girls during their elementary years. The game revolves around an ordinary garter, around two to three yards long, which can be brought from the sewing store at around twenty pesos or less. Players are divided into two or more teams, with a minimum number of two members per team. During the game, two members of the “it” team serve as “game posts” as they stand opposite each other and hold each end of the garter. The objective of the game is to be able to successfully jump over the garter as it is gradually held higher by the game posts.
The lives of Filipino mothers remind us of their great sacrifices and dedication to raise individuals who would eventually play important parts in the society. The wisdom and guidance of a mother are major factors in an individual’s success and achievement. The following is a list of famous Filipina mothers who has brought light and inspiration to the Filipino people, young and old, as well as pride to the country: Melchora Aquino, Mother of Katipunan and Mother of Balintawak Known as Tandang Sora, she is a Filipino revolutionary who assisted the Katipuneros with their mission. She gained the title Grand Woman of the Revolution and Mother of Balintawak for her heroic contributions to Philippine history. Francisca Reyes Aquino, Mother of Philippine Dancing Aside from being known as the “Mother of Philippine Dancing,” she is also an educator and a nationalist. She was named a National Artist for her contributions to Philippine dance in 1973, the very first woman to receive a National Artist Award. Gregoria de Jesus, Mother of the Philippine Revolution Known as Aling Oriang, she was the founder and vice-president of the women’s chapter of the Katipunan of the Philippines. She was also the custodian of the documents and seal of the Katipunan. She married Andrés Bonifacio, the supremo of the Katipunan, and played a major role in the Philippine Revolution. Dr. Raquel del Rosario-Fortun, Mother of Philippine Forensic Pathology Dr. Fortun is the first Filipino to be formally trained as a forensic pathologist. She is a professor at UP College of Medicine teaching general pathology and legal medicine. ...
Para sa buong artikulo, bumisita sa http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Famous_Filipino_Mothers.
Photos from: http://members.tripod.com/lltm/melchora.html (Melchora Aquino); http://www.geocities.com/abda/profiles/per/heroine.html (Engracia Cruz-Reyes); http://www.phantomranch.net/folkdanc/teachers/aquino_ f.htm (Francisca Reyes Aquino); http://www.filipiniana.net (Gregoria de Jesus); http://www.mbfoundation.org.ph/prog_SOT2006.html (Raquel Fortun).
CHINESE GARTER
Famous Filipino Mothers
FILIPINIANA.NET 17
Filipiniana.net’s
IMAGE DATABASE Rationale by Wesley June P. Inay
I
t is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. A picture, closely examined, conveys myriad of emotions, feelings, and unspoken words. Images, if used effectively, can be powerful weapons in shaping collective consciousness and perception. Visual art such as photography is a significant factor in molding public opinion and outlook. Photographs can be used to highlight, emphasize, and advance certain national issues, perspectives, theories, and ideologies. Visual arts can also be used to distort a particular group, race, and ethnicity. When the Philippines was colonized by Spain, United States, and Japan, photographs were used to justify colonization and imperialism. United States—and in a lesser sense Japan—published photographs, depicting the Philippines as an underdeveloped group of islands in the Far East. Albums were published in order to convince the American public that Filipinos are a bunch of savages and godless monkey men that must be colonized in order to become America’s civilized brown brothers. Postcards and sketches depicting imagined terrible conditions in the Philippines prompted the American public to permit the American government to carry the “white man’s burden.” With a view towards establishing a historical corrective, Filipiniana.net embarked on its own ...
Visit http://www.filipiniana.net/images.jsp for more details.
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