Giuseppe Roggi
r a m m Gra n o i s i v e r s l l i k S & 1
Trevisini Editore
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Contents Section 1 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6
Personal Pronouns Pronomi personali To Be Essere Articles Articoli Adjectives Aggettivi This, that, these and those Questo/a, quello/a, questi/e, quelli/e Study Pages Personal Titles and Greetings Titoli e saluti Skills
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Section 2 U1 What’s the time? Che ore sono? U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7
Study Pages Plural nouns Sostantivi plurali Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns Aggettivi e pronomi possessivi To Have Avere Possessive Form (Saxon genitive) Forma possessiva (genitivo sassone) Can, May, Could Potere, potrei Must, Have to Dovere Skills
20 22 26 28 30 32 34 36 38
Section 3 U1 Imperative Imperativo U2 Present Simple Presente indicativo Skills
40 42 46
Section 4 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6
At, On, In: Prepositions of Time At, On, In: preposizioni di tempo Prepositions of Time Preposizioni di tempo At, On, In: Prepositions of Place At, On, In: preposizioni di luogo Prepositions of Place Preposizioni di luogo Prepositions of Movement Preposizioni di moto And, Or, But, So, Why?, Why not? Because, As E, oppure, ma, perciò, perché?, perché no?, perché, siccome Skills
48 50 52 54 56 58 60
Section 5 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6
Countable and Uncountable Nouns Sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili Some, Any, No, None Alcuni/e, qualche, del, un po’, nessuno Indefinite Pronouns Pronomi indefiniti Present Continuous Presente progressivo Past Simple: to Be Passato remoto del verbo essere Past Simple Passato remoto Skills
Selfcheck
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section unit
1
1
Personal Pronouns Pronomi personali
Soggetto I pronomi personali soggetto si usano per esprimere il soggetto di una frase e precedono il verbo. In italiano spesso sottintendiamo questi pronomi, in inglese devono essere sempre espressi. � In inglese ci sono tre pronomi personali per la terza persona singolare: He è riferito a persona o animale personalizzato maschile; She è riferito a persona o animale personalizzato femminile; It è riferito agli animali non personalizzati, per le cose, i concetti e i sentimenti. � You si usa per rivolgersi sia ad un amico a cui si dà del tu, sia ad una persona a cui si dà del lei. Non c’è in inglese una forma di cortesia equivalente al lei italiano. � I si scrive sempre con la lettera maiuscola. I
io
I am Italian.
(Io) sono italiano.
you
tu
You are beautiful.
(Tu) sei bellissima.
he
lui, egli
He is English.
(Lui) è inglese.
she
lei, ella
She is American.
(Lei) è americana.
it
esso, essa
It is large.
(Esso/a) è grande.
we
noi
We are from London.
(Noi) siamo di Londra.
you
voi
You are very nice!
(Voi) siete molto simpatici!
they
essi, esse, loro
They are Spanish.
(Essi/e) sono spagnoli/e.
Oggetto I pronomi personali complemento vengono usati quando il pronome non è il soggetto della frase ma è complemento oggetto oppure con altri complementi diretti o indiretti. Seguono il verbo o la preposizione, hanno forme differenti (tranne you e it) dai pronomi personali soggetto. me
me, mi
Wait for me!
Aspettami!
you
te, ti
This DVD is for you.
Questo DVD è per te.
him
lui, lo
Sheila loves him.
Sheila lo ama. (Tim)
her
lei, la
Sean loves her.
Sean l’ama. (Janet)
it
esso, essa, lo, la
We hate it!
Lo odiamo! (rugby)
us
noi, ci
Tell us your name.
Dicci il tuo nome.
you
voi, vi
These books are for you.
Questi libri sono per voi.
them
loro, li, le
I like them.
Mi piacciono. (hamburgers)
Your attention, please! • It si usa per gli oggetti e per gli animali. Ma per gli animali domestici si usano he/him, she/her. Rod has got a nice cat. He loves him so much! Rod ha un bel gatto. Lo ama tanto! • It è usato anche come pronome impersonale. It’s hot. = Fa caldo. | It’s time to go. = È ora d’andare. It’s a pity! = È un peccato! | It’s late! = È tardi! | It’s raining. = Piove.
Don’t get it wrong! Get it right! I love she. I love her. I and my brother are 15. Me and my brother are 15.
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Activities 1 Sottolinea i soggetti nelle frasi seguenti e sostituiscili con i pronomi personali corrispondenti. Esempio: Paul is a doctor. 1 He is a doctor. a. Mr and Mrs Jones are rich.
b. Ann is a secretary.
c. The dog is in the garden.
d. Mr Smith is a taxi driver.
e. My sister and I are not Spanish.
f. My house is big.
2 Cerchia l’alternativa corretta per sostituire il soggetto con il pronome personale soggetto. a. The train is full.
it / he
b. Janet is my best friend.
he / she
c. Nick and I are brothers.
they / we
d. The window is closed.
she / it
e. Mr Bean is an actor.
he / she
f. The plate is empty.
it / he
3 Riscrivi le frasi sostituendo il soggetto con il pronome personale corrispondente. Esempio: Miss Avalon is very pretty. 1 She is very pretty. a. Miss Norton is beautiful.
b. Mr White is my teacher.
c. Mr and Mrs Red are doctors.
d. Mrs Gorman is a nurse.
e. Chicago is in the USA.
f. Mara and Alessia are from Venice.
4 Sostituisci le parole sottolineate con pronomi personali complemento corrispondenti. a. I don’t want to marry Sean.
b. I want to go to the cinema with Jack and Mary.
c. Why don’t you go with Emma?
d. Janet and Bob are with their children
5 Completa ciascuna frase con il pronome personale complemento corretto. a. She is a nice girl. This present is for . b. The children are in the garden and their parents are with . c. Where is Tom? There is a book for . d. I want to go to the disco. Why don’t you come with . e. Ann loves her boyfriend but he doesn’t love . f. Look at Aren’t they ugly?
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section unit
1
2
To Be Essere
Forma affermativa completa
Forma affermativa contratta
Forma negativa completa
Forma negativa contratta
Forma interrogativa
Forma interrogativanegativa
I am You are He is She is It is We are You are They are
I’m You’re He’s She’s It’s We’re You’re They’re
I am not You are not He is not She is not It is not We are not You are not They are not
I’m not You aren’t He isn’t She isn’t It isn’t We aren’t You aren’t They aren’t
Am I? Are you? Is he? Is she? Is it? Are we? Are you? Are they?
Aren’t I? Aren’t you? Isn’t he? Isn’t she? Isn’t it? Aren’t we? Aren’t you? Aren’t they?
Your attention, please! In genere, le forme contratte si usano quando si parla ed in situazioni informali. Hi! I’m Sheila. I’m English. = Ciao! Sono Sheila. Sono inglese. Nota che nelle frasi interrogative-negative si usano le forme contratte. Nelle domande la forma del verbo to be è prima del soggetto. Affermativa: Carol is American. Domanda: Is Carol American? Quindi: nelle affermative l’ordine delle parole è soggetto 1 verbo; nelle domande l’ordine delle parole è verbo 1 soggetto.
Quando la domanda inizia con le parole interrogative l’ordine verbo soggetto resta invariato. Parola interrogativa
Verbo
Soggetto
Where What Why How Who
’s ’s ’s ’s ’s
Oxford? your surname? Jessica always tired? your sister? your best friend?
→| Short answers |← In italiano ad una domanda si può rispondere semplicemente con un sì o con un no; in inglese yes o no sono seguiti dal pronome personale soggetto e dalla forma appropriata dell’ausiliare. Le short answers affermative non vengono mai contratte. Si usa la forma contratta quando la risposta è negativa (si dice “Yes, I am.” e non “Yes, I’m.”). Am I…?
Yes, you are. | No, you aren’t.
Am I late?
Yes, you are. | No, you aren’t.
Are you…?
Yes, I am. | No, I’m not.
Are you thirteen?
Yes, I am. | No, I’m not.
Is he…?
Yes, he is. | No, he isn’t.
Is Jonathan tall?
Yes, he is. | No, he isn’t.
Is she…?
Yes, she is. | No, she isn’t.
Is Jennifer Irish?
Yes, she is. | No, she isn’t.
Is it…?
Yes, it is. | No, it isn’t.
Is the tennis match exciting?
Yes, it is. | No, it isn’t.
Are we…?
Yes, you are. | No, you aren’t.
Are we early?
Yes, you are. | No, you aren’t.
Are they…?
Yes, they are. | No, they aren’t.
Are they Spanish?
Yes, they are. | No, they aren’t.
Don’t get it wrong! Get it right! “How are you?” – “I am very fine, thanks.” “How are you?’ – ‘I am very well, thanks.”
I not Spanish. I Italian. I’m not Spanish. I’m Italian.
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Activities 1 Completa con la forma corretta del verbo to be. Esempio: I from France. I from Spain. 1 I’m from France. I ’m not from Spain. a. We from Greece. We from Italy. b. She from Romania. She from Russia. c. They from Great Britain. They from Austria. d. He from Scotland. He from Ireland. e. She from Spain. She from Portugal.
2 Completa con to be nella forma adeguata. a. Europe a continent. b. Hello, I Janet and this Bob. c. They Lucy and Tom. They from Manchester. d. Ambrogio from Milan. She from Rome. e. I from Lyon. I French. f. They lovely flowers.
3 Rispondi alle domande con le risposte brevi di to be. a. Is Mr Bean in the garden? Yes, .
e. Is Cristina from Rome? Yes, .
b. Are Sue and John American? Yes, .
f. Are Peter and his brother from London? No .
c. Are you and Tim English? No, .
g. Are you a secretary? No, I .
d. Are you Scottish? Yes, .
h. Is Mr Brown a doctor? Yes, .
4 Rispondi alle domande. Esempio: Are you rich? No / poor 1 No, I’m not. I’m poor. a. Is it white?
No / red
b. Is she young?
No / old
c. Are you (voi) Italian?
No / Spanish
d. Are they expensive?
No / cheap
e. Are Sue and Mary at work?
No / on holiday
f. Is it late?
No / early
5 Completa le forme del verbo to be. a. you afraid of snakes? – Yes, very much. b. I thirsty. – Here is a glass of water. c. Tom cold. – Give him a jumper. d. How much these glasses? – They £20.99. e. I sleepy. – I want to go to bed.
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section unit
1
3
Articles Articoli
Articolo determinativo � L’articolo determinativo the, invariabile nel genere e nel numero, si usa: • con nomi non numerabili The sugar is in the cupboard. • con nomi numerabili singolari e plurali The bird is in the cage. | The girls are at home. • con i cognomi The Seymours, the Jeffersons • con le parti del giorno In the afternon, in the evening • con alcuni nomi di nazioni al plurale The United States, The Philippines
Articolo indeterminativo � Un, uno, una, si traducono: • con A, con i nomi che iniziano per consonante, con H aspirata o con suoni ju e w: a man, a uniform, a European country, a euro, a house, a word, a one-way street, a hotel, a year • con An con i nomi che iniziano per vocale o H muta: an umbrella, an eye, an hour, an apple Si usa: • con i prezzi It costs 2 euro a litre. • per descrivere singole parti del corpo Mr Bell has got a long beard. • davanti alle professioni I’m a computer programmer. | Bill is a web designer. • quando si parla di una persona o cosa per la prima volta There is a boy in the garden. | There is a car outside the shop.
Zero Article � L’articolo non si usa: • con categorie generali di persone, animali e cose Children like sweets. | Crocodiles are dangerous animals. • con i sostantivi astratti Life is beautiful. • con i nomi di lingue Chinese is a difficult language to learn. • con i nomi di città, nazioni, continenti I love New York. | Australia is a very large country. • con i nomi di giorni e festività On Saturdays, at Christmas, at Easter • con i nomi di sport, colori I play golf. | Red is my favourite colour. • con i nomi di anni, mesi, stagioni e con gli orari In 2003, in May, in winter, at nine o’clock • con i nomi dei pasti Dinner is ready. • con tutti i mezzi di trasporto I travel by bus. | Janet goes to school by car. • con nomi di scienze ed arti Physics is very difficult. | Painting is exciting. Categorie generali: zero article
Categorie specifiche: article the
Children love hamburgers! Apples are good for you. Elephants are intelligent animals. Wendy loves music. We always need money.
The children in my class are brilliant. The apples on that tree are very big. We saw the elephants at the zoo. The music was too loud. We put the money in our pockets.
Don’t get it wrong! Get it right! Mr Bean is actor. Mr Bean is an actor.
Have you got one calculator you can lend me? Have you got a calculator you can lend me?
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Activities 1 Inserisci l’articolo indeterminativo corretto. a.
English dictionary
f.
aeroplane
b.
passport
g.
printer
c.
hamburger
h.
computer
d.
mobile phone
i.
chair
e.
armchair
j.
bank
2 Completa le seguenti frasi con l’articolo indeterminativo corretto. a. There is
very old castle in Dover.
b. Mount Everest is
very high mountain.
c. Ms Brown is
very expert teacher.
d. This is
interesting book.
e. His father is
architect.
f. That’s
English bus. Look! It’s red.
g. He is
honest man.
h. Mrs Bean is
attractive woman.
3 Inserisci l’articolo the. Metti una “x” dove non viene espresso.
4 Inserisci l’articolo the. Metti una “x” dove non è richiesto.
a. Pink is
a. I love
my favourite colour. Mrs Victoria Beckham.
b.
dogs near the door are Mr Bean’s.
island is in the south of the country.
c.
children love cakes.
d.
sky is blue today.
b. Meet c. d. Wales is in e.
pets.
UK. Lake Garda is in
f. Jimmy is in
Italy.
hospital. He’s ill.
e. I want to go to
USA on holiday.
f. My sister likes
strawberries.
5 Inserisci a, an, the quando necessario.
6 Cerchia l’alternativa corretta.
a. The toolbox is on
a. We play the guitar / guitar.
b. Barry studies c. Ryan is from d. Mr Bell is e. She works in f. Brenda is g.
bench. Computer Science. Ireland manager. factory in Leeds. nurse.
Mathematics is very difficult to learn.
h. Jay loves
pancakes.
b. We play the tennis / tennis. c. Wendy has the lunch / lunch at one. d. I am a doctor / doctor. e. The gallery shows the works / works by Monet. f. I’m looking for a work / work. g. I’m looking for a job / job. h. I go to bed before the midnight / midnight.
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section unit
1
4
Adjectives Aggettivi
To be + aggettivo
Aggettivo + sostantivo
It’s small. | It isn’t big. � In inglese gli aggettivi attributivi di solito precedono il nome. Essi sono invariabili nel genere e nel numero.
A small dictionary. � Quando ci sono più aggettivi, si segue un certo ordine: possesso, numero, qualità, dimensione, età, forma, colore, nazionalità, materia, nome.
That lady is my English teacher. Quella donna è la mia insegnante di inglese. Dogs are faithful animals. I cani sono animali fedeli.
My twelve, big, old, long, sharp, English, knives. I miei dodici, grossi, vecchi, lunghi, affilati coltelli inglesi. � Comunque, l’aggettivo di opinione è di solito il primo; l’aggettivo di dimensione di solito precede gli altri aggettivi descrittivi.
That’s a Japanese motorbike. Quella è una moto giapponese. London is a big city. Londra è una grande città.
A nice big Italian pizza. An expensive old Spanish painting.
Your attention, please! • Gli aggettivi di nazionalità si scrivono in maiuscolo e sono invariabili. I love Chinese food. = Amo la cucina cinese. I like Japanese cars. = Mi piacciono le auto giapponesi. • Gli aggettivi terminanti in -ing descrivono oggetti, situazioni, eventi e persone. • Gli aggettivi terminanti in -ed descrivono come si sente una persona.
amazing
stupefacente amazed
stupito
amusing
divertente
amused
divertito
astonishing
sbalorditivo
astonished
sbalordito
boring
noioso
bored
annoiato
disgusting
disgustoso
disgusted
disgustato
interesting
interessante
interested
interessato
There is, there are There is e there are corrispondono in italiano alle espressioni c’è e ci sono. Singolare
Plurale
Forma affermativa Forma contratta
There is a walkman on the shelf. There’s a walkman on the shelf.
There are three DVDs on the shelf. Non esiste
Forma negativa Forma contratta
There is not a walkman on the shelf. There isn’t a walkman on the shelf.
There are not three DVDs on the shelf. There aren’t three DVDs on the shelf.
Forma interrogativa Risposta breve
Is there a walkman on the shelf? Yes, there is. | No, there isn’t.
Are there three DVDs on the shelf? Yes, there are. | No, there aren’t.
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Activities 1 Scrivi il corrispondente italiano dei seguenti aggettivi che si riferiscono al tempo climatico.
2 Abbina gli opposti. young
a.
1. ugly
a. Lovely
honest
b.
2. unkind
b. Awful
fat
c.
3. stupid
courageous
d.
4. cowardly
beautiful
e.
5. dishonest
kind
f.
6. old
sensible
g.
7. thin
c. Beautiful d. Cold e. Sunny f. Hot
3 Cerchia la forma giusta.
4 Metti le parole nell’ordine giusto.
a. The camera is expensive / an expensive.
a. bag / black / a / big
b. He’s a man old / an old man.
b. lesson / long / boring / a
c. It’s a small house / a house small.
c. nice / a / tall / boy
d. She’s an old rich woman / a rich old woman.
d. roses / twelve / red
e. It’s tea hot / hot tea.
e. hair / curly / long
f. They’re delicious cakes / cakes delicious.
f. ring / silver / expensive / an
g. He’s a young / young.
g. English / old / an / red / bus
h. She’s rich / a rich.
h. village / beautiful / a / small
5 Correggi le frasi. a. There are a yellow sofa in the hall. b. There’s two computers on the desk. c. There are a new bed in the bedroom. d. There is two people in the kitchen. e. There are a shower in the bathroom. f. There’s two glasses on the table. g. There are a carpet on the floor.
6 Trasforma le seguenti frasi prima in forma interrogativa poi in forma negativa. Esempio: There is a video shop near here 1 Is there a video shop near here? 1 There isn’t a video shop near here. a. There are two museums in this town. b. There is a swimming pool near the school. c. There are two discos in my town. d. There is a church in King Street. e. There is a laptop on the desk.
7 Completa con le forme corrette di there is, there are. a.
one picture on the wall,
two.
d. Excuse me,
b.
four banks in the city centre?
e.
c.
three spoons on the table?
f.
a bank near here? Yes,
.
a bottle of milk in the fridge? No,
.
two mobile phones.
one.
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section unit
1
5
This, that, these and those
Questo/a, quello/a, questi/e, quelli/e
� This | these si usano per le persone o cose vicine a noi. � That | those per le persone o cose lontane da noi. � This, that, these e those sono aggettivi quando affiancano un nome. This bed is very comfortable. Questo letto è molto comodo. That girl is very nice. Quella ragazza è molto carina. These shoes are new. Queste scarpe sono nuove. Those watches are expensive. Quegli orologi sono costosi. � This, that, these e those sono pronomi quando usati da soli. Oh! I like this! Oh! Questo mi piace! That is my house. Quella è la mia casa. These are the new students. Questi sono i nuovi studenti. Those are my new trainers. Quelle sono le mie nuove scarpe da ginnastica. � Usiamo this | these per le cose che stanno accadendo ora. These hamburgers are delicious. Colin (li sta mangiando). � Usiamo that | those per le cose che sono concluse. Those hamburgers were delicious. Colin (li ha mangiati).
Your attention, please! • This is non ha la forma contratta. That is può essere contratto in That’s. • Quando sono pronomi, possono essere accompagnati o sostituiti da one | ones. I don’t like the red cap. I like the blue one. Non mi piace il berrettino rosso. Mi piace quello blu. I don’t like these salmon sandwiches. I prefer the cheese ones. Non mi piacciono questi panini al salmone. Preferisco quelli al formaggio. • This e that vengono usati in particolari contesti comunicativi: per le presentazioni e le telefonate. This is my wife Brenda and that is my daughter Jennifer. Questa è mia moglie Brenda e quella è mia figlia Jennifer. Hello! This is Simon. (invece di I’m Simon) Pronto! Sono Simone. Hello! Is that Wendy? (invece di Are you Wendy?) Pronto! Sei Wendy?
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Activities 1 This oppure These?
2 That oppure Those?
a. hotel
a. shop
b. horse
b. buildings
c. dogs
c. sunglasses
d. birds
d. apple
e. streets
e. hot dog
3 Inserisci this, these, that oppure those.
4 Inserisci that oppure those.
a. Mrs Wheel, is my brother Gerry.
1. A: Can I help you?
b. Is Carol over there in front of the pub? c. car over there is very fast.
B: Yes, please. Can I have T-shirt? 2. A: blue one?
d. Who are beautiful ladies over there?
B: No, not one. The one next
e. sneakers here on the floor are new.
to jeans.
5 Trasforma le seguenti frasi al plurale. Esempio: This car is very expensive. 1 These cars are very expensive. a. That church is very old.
b. That glass is full of water.
c. This film isn’t very interesting.
d. This train is fast.
e. That woman is very attractive.
f. This I-pod is broken.
g. That DVD player is excellent.
h. That child is very nice.
6 Trasforma le frasi come nell’esempio. Esempio: That is a nice dress. 1 That dress is nice. a. That is an elegant street.
b. This is a fast car.
c. This is a delicious ice-cream.
d. That is a clever boy.
e. This is a nice cottage.
f. Those are expensive rings.
g. Those are interesting DVDs.
h. These are warm scarves.
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section
1 Study Pages → The alphabet A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
ei
bi:
si:
di:
i:
ef
dzi:
eit∫
ai
dzei
kei
el
em
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
en
ou
pi:
kju:
a:
es
ti:
ju:
vi:
dˆblju:
eks
wai
zed
Nota che… • L’alfabeto inglese consta di 26 lettere. • Fare lo spelling di una parola significa pronunciare le singole lettere che la compongono.
1. Ascolta l’alfabeto. 2. Ascolta e ripeti. 3. Wendy fa lo spelling di alcune parole. Ascolta e scrivile.
→ Colours orange green
blue yellow black
brown purple
white
red pink
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→ Numbers 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
nineteen
twenty
twentyone
twentytwo
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
twentythree
twentyfour
twentyfive
twentysix
twentyseven
twentyeight
twentynine
thirty
thirtyone
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
a (one) hundred
seventeen eighteen
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
a (one) thousand
ten thousand
a (one) hundred thousand
a (one) million
1. Ascolta i numeri e ripeti. 2. Ascolta e scrivi i numeri.
→ Telephone numbers • I numeri telefonici vengono scanditi uno alla volta. • Lo zero si legge “oh”. Le due cifre uguali consecutive sono precedute da “double”.
Esempio: What’s your telephone number? It’s 02079192266 (oh two oh seven nine one nine double two double six). What’s your mobile number? It’s 330 664032 (double three oh double six four oh three two)
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section unit
1
6
Personal Titles and Greetings Titoli e saluti
Salutare Quando ci si incontra
Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening. Hello! | Hullo! | Hallo! | Hi! Hi, how are you? – Fine, thanks and you?
Buon giorno. Buon pomeriggio. Buona sera. Ciao! Ciao. Come va? – Bene, grazie e tu | lei?
Quando ci si accommiata
Goodbye. | Bye-bye. Bye. Good night. See you soon | tomorrow. Good luck.
Arrivederci. Ciao. Buona notte. Arrivederci a presto | a domani. Buona fortuna.
Signore, signora, signorina � Le parole signore, signora e signorina si rendono con: • man, gentleman He’s a very rich man. • woman, lady She’s a very honest lady. • young woman, young lady Wendy is a beautiful young lady. � In presenza del cognome si usano Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms. Ms si usa quando non si sa se una donna sia sposata o meno. • Mr Mr Bean is very funny. • Mrs Mrs Bean is very happy. • Miss Miss Bean is very hungry. • Ms Ms Brown is American. � Per rivolgersi ad una persona in modo formale e indicare rispetto, senza il cognome, si usano Sir, Madam, Miss. • Sir Excuse me, sir? Are you ready? • Madam Excuse me, madam? Is this dog yours? • Miss Two cups of tea, miss.
� Per rivolgersi all’insegnante si usa miss, sir (minuscolo). • miss Good morning, miss. • sir Good morning, sir. � Per rivolgersi ad una persona nella corrispondenza formale si usa Sir, Madam (maiuscolo). • Sir Dear Sir • Madam Dear Madam � Se ci si rivolge direttamente ad un pubblico (in Tv, a teatro, ad un concerto ecc.) si usa Ladies and Gentlemen: • Ladies and Gentlemen Good evening, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to the show.
Don’t get it wrong! Get it right! See you tomorrow. Hello! See you tomorrow. Bye!
Grazie… prego! Thank you very much. Thank you. It was very nice of you. I appreciate your help. I appreciate it. Thanks very much. Thanks a lot. Thanks.
Excuse me, Mister? Excuse me, sir?
Presentarsi You’re welcome. My pleasure. Don’t mention it. Glad I could help. No problem. Anytime. Not at all. That’s alright. | OK. | All right.
How do you do? (formale) Nice / pleased to meet you (meno formale) Hi (informale)
Scusarsi I’m sorry – That’s all right | Sorry – Alright
Richiamare l’attenzione Excuse me… (formale) | Hey (informale)
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Activities 1 Scrivi Mr, Mrs, Miss o Ms davanti ai seguenti cognomi. Esempio: Barry Baker 1 Mr Baker a. William Green
Green
e. Paul Trent
Trent
b. Mary Black
Black
f. Tom Red
Red
c. Sarah Shelley (sposata)
Shelley
g. Jane Campbell (nubile)
Campbell
d. Colin White
White
h. Christine Jones
Jones
2 Sostituisci le parti sottolineate con sir o madam come nell’esempio. Esempio: Good morning, Mr Bean. 1 Good morning, sir a. Good morning, Miss Sharp.
Good morning,
b. Good afternoon, Miss Smart.
Good afternoon,
c. Good night, Mr White.
Good night,
d. Good evening, Mrs Pink.
Good evening,
3 Scegli l’alternativa corretta. a. Hi, Jack / Mr Jack b. Good night, sirs and madams / ladies and gentlemen c. Good evening, sir Brown / Mr Brown d. Miss Gordon / Lady Gordon is my doctor.
4 Scrivi i seguenti numeri in lettera. a. 988
f. 33
b. 13
g. 345
c. 666
h. 8
d. 22
i. 300
e. 450
j. 98
5 Scrivi i numeri in cifre. a. Ten thousand
e. Five thousand four hundred and five
b. Eleven
f. Forty-five
c. Nine hundred and fifty-three
g. Four hundred
d. Twenty-three
h. Ten
6 Scrivi i numeri telefonici per esteso come nell’esempio. Esempio: 6034453 1 six-ho-three double four-five-three a. 3470456311
b. 3356794520
c. 02907233
d. 068872566
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section
1 Skills → Reading 1. Colin’s mail a. Read Colin’s mail. Hi! My name is Colin. I’m from Camden Town. That’s in London. There are a lot of roads, shops and markets in Camden Town. Near Camden Town there are two big parks. This is my street, Margaret Street. And this is my house. Our house is small but comfortable. Our neighbours are very friendly. I’m twelve and I’m in
CAMDEN TOWN
the first year of secondary school. My father is a teacher and my mother is a secretary. My favourite hobby is football. Arsenal is the best club! My best friends are Gillian and Susan. They are from Camden Town, too. They’re great. Susan is 14 and Gillian is 12.There is a market in Camden. It’s fantastic. Camden Town is a very noisy area. What about your area? Is it nice? Bye! CU :) Colin
b. Now read these statements. Tick (R) right (R) or wrong (W). 1. Colin is from Islington.
R
W
2. He is twelve.
R
W
3. His house is very big.
R
W
4. Colin is in the second year of secondary school.
R
W
5. His favourite hobby is rugby.
R
W
6. Susan is 14 and Gillian is 12.
R
W
7. There is a fantastic market in Camden.
R
W
8. Camden Town is a very quiet area.
R
W
→ Listening 2. Susan’s new friend a. Listen to the dialogue. Tick (R) the correct picture.
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b. Listen again. Tick (R) the right answer. 3. Her friend is…
1. Susan’s new friend is…
5. The girl lives in…
Gillian.
10 years old.
Ladbroke Square.
Andy.
11 years old.
Ladbroke Grove.
Mandy.
12 years old.
Ladbroke Road.
2. That’s…
4. They are in…
G – E – I – O – R – G – E – U.
class 7d.
H – E – O – R – G – I – O – U.
class 7c.
G – E – O – R – G – I – O – U.
class 7b.
→ Writing 3. Write about a. Write about yourself and your area. Fill in the blanks. 1. Look! This is my street.
.
2. My name is
.
3. I’m from
.
4. I’m
old.
5. My house
.
6. My favourite
.
7. My friends
.
8. My neighbours
.
9. There is
.
b. Here is a word search, in horizontal and vertical directions. Circle the words that you recognize.
S
T
R
E
E
T
A
F
N
B
Y
F
T
J
R
O
S
C
H
O
O
L
E
O
C
H
W
S
W
J
A
T
Z
K
P
C
N
Q
F
B
R
O
A
D
Q
K
L
A
G
A
R
D
E
N
A
L
H
K
K
S
W
Z
T
L 19
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section unit
2
1
What’s the time? Che ore sono?
What’s the time? What time is it? servono per chiedere l’ora. Il soggetto è sempre it. It’s ten o’clock. | Sono le dieci. I minuti precedono l’ora. It’s ten to nine. | Sono le 8.50. Per dire quanti minuti sono passati dopo l’ora: minuti + past + l’ora. It’s ten past three. | Sono le 3.10. Per dire quanti minuti mancano all’ora: minuti + to + l’ora. It’s ten to three. | Sono le 2.50. O’clock si usa solo quando si tratta di ora precisa. It’s two o’clock. | Sono le due. Per i quarti d’ora si usa a quarter past + l’ora It’s a quarter past eight. | Sono le 8.15. oppure a quarter to + l’ora It’s a quarter to eight. | Sono le 7.45. Si usano di norma i numeri da 1 a 12. It’s one o’clock. | Sono le 13.00. Quando possono sorgere dubbi, si usano le espressioni in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening (dopo le 18.00) My train leaves at 6 o’clock in the morning. Il mio treno parte alle 6.
Your attention, please! • È anche possibile dire l’ora più semplicemente, dicendo il numero dell’ora, seguito subito dal numero dei minuti. It’s seven fifteen. | Sono le 7.15. It’s nine thirty-five. | Sono le 9.35. • Quando possono sorgere dubbi, si usano le espressioni a.m. (ante meridiem, da mezzanotte a mezzogiorno) oppure p.m. (post meridiem, da mezzogiorno a mezzanotte). The ferry leaves at six p.m. | Il traghetto parte alle 18.00. The train leaves at 7.45 a.m. | Il treno parte alle 7.45 • L’ora riferita ad orari di treni, aerei, uffici, ecc. si legge come in italiano. The nine thirty-five plane | L’aereo delle 9.35 • Per gli annunci di orari si usano i numeri da 1 a 24. The 16.50 (sixteen fifty) train to Southend is leaving from phatform 12. | Il treno delle 16.50 per Southend parte dal binario 12.
Don’t get it wrong! Get it right! What time is? What time is it?
They’re three o’ clock. It’s three o’ clock.
It’s half past two o’clock. It’s half past two.
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Selfcheck 21 Inserisci la corretta preposizione di moto. a. They drove
8
the bridge.
b. A large elephant is walking in a straight line c. Simon climbed
the town.
the gate and was chased by a bull.
d. The flock of birds flew
the lake.
e. The swarm of bees buzzed
my head.
f. The shiny red convertible sped g. We smashed
the new highway. the barrier.
h. The instructor yelled out, “Don’t go
the edge!”
22 Scrivi la forma -ing dei seguenti verbi.
8
a. drive
i. read
b. cry
j. cut
c. stop
k. lie
d. study
l. come
e. write
m. die
f. sing
n. win
g. dance
o. fly
h. play
p. carry
23 Completa con il Present Simple o il Present Continuos del verbo tra parentesi. a. Leave me alone! I (work) b. Alistair (wait) c. My sister (hate)
. for the next train to Liverpool Street. snakes.
d. Our tennis instructor (give)
us lessons every afternoon at 3.00.
e. Jane and Tim usually (have) f. Angela (visit)
6
cornflakes and toast for breakfast. her grandmother in hospital this Saturday afternoon.
24 Sottolinea la forma corretta.
6
a. Wendy knows / is knowing a lot of people in London. b. He thinks / is thinking he is the best student. c. I don’t understand / am not understanding the point of your argument. d. I am not remembering / don’t remember his name. e. This evening Scott and Anne are having / have dinner in an Indian restaurant. f. Kids hate / are hating going to the dentist.
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Selfcheck 25 Scrivi accanto ad ogni sostantivo CO (countable) oppure UN (uncountable). a. key
CO
UN
g. butter
CO
UN
b. menu
CO
UN
h. room
CO
UN
c. paper
CO
UN
i. tea
CO
UN
d. honey
CO
UN
j. petrol
CO
UN
e. pepper
CO
UN
k. day
CO
UN
f. e-mail
CO
UN
l. oil
CO
UN
26 Completa le frasi inserendo some, any, no oppure none. a. Is there
orange juice?
b. There is
bread on the table.
c. Is there
sugar for the cake?
d. I’ve got
money. I’m broke!
e. Have you got any salt? Sorry, I haven’t got f. There isn’t
8
.
soap in the bathroom.
g. Sorry, there isn’t h.
lemonade.
of his friends is English.
27 Completa le frasi inserendo a, an, some oppure any. a. Can I have
information and
b. For lunch she usually has juice. c. Mum needs
pear,
cheese, and
bread and a tomato to make meat,
28 Inserisci i composti di some, any, no.
e. There is f. I can’t find him g. I can’t see h. I have
potatoes in the fridge. eggs
8
at the door; open it, please.
b. I’m thirsty. Let’s drink d. He doesn’t do
glass of apple
sandwich.
banana and
e. Let’s go to the supermarket. Mum needs and bottle of wine.
a. There is
6
map of the town, please?
d. The kids are hungry, but there’s only
c. I never go
6
. at weekends. all day. in my bag. It’s empy. . . It’s so dark. new to tell you.
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Selfcheck 29 Riscrivi correttamente le frasi.
8
a. There isn’t nobody at home. b. I have got any free time. c. There is nothing of good on TV. d. Everybody are here. e. Mum, can I have any water, please? f. I want something for lunch. I have a stomach ache. g. I haven’t got nowhere to stay. h. There’s something in the briefcase. It’s empty. 30 Rispondi a piacere alle domande.
6
a. How much pocket money do you get a week? b. How many cinemas are there in your town? c. How much does a guitar course cost? d. How many states are there in the USA? e. How many students are there in your class? f. How much sugar do you want in your tea? 31 Completa le frasi. Usa is, are, was, were. a. Where b. Cork c. My mother d. Where e. The Dolomites f. Wendy and Sean g. There
you last night? in Ireland. born in Dublin. Wendy last weekend? in the north-east of Italy. at the cinema yesterday. 100 cents in a euro.
h. What date
it yesterday?
i. What date
today?
j. Mount Ben Nevis
10
in Scotland.
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Selfcheck 32 Scrivi il passato remoto dei seguenti verbi.
6
a. fly
g. buy
b. put
h. bring
c. see
i. take
d. eat
j. sit
e. drink
k. say
f. run
l. tell
33 Dai delle risposte complete.
6
a. What did you do last Saturday? b. Where did you go last summer? c. What did your parents watch yesterday? d. Where were you yesterday morning? e. Who did you meet at the pub? f. Where was your friend last night? 34 Complete the passage with the Past Simple of the verbs from the list below.
16
lose | leave | meet | fall | start | decide | find | love | like | work | build | get married | begin | become | come | be born William Shakespeare (1) He (2)
in Stratford in 1564, over four hundred years ago. from a wealthy family but when he was 15, William’s father
(3)
all his money.
William was not able to stay on at school so he (4) (5)
and (6)
(7)
and soon (8)
William (9)
in love with Anne Hathaway. They a family of their own.
to move to London and (10)
actor. He soon (11)
work as an
writing his own plays.
Queen Elizabeth (12) (13)
and got a job. At 18 he
music, poetry and plays. In fact she William’s plays so much she asked him to write one especially for her.
William always (14)
very hard. He and his friends
(15)
their own theatre, called “The Globe”, in London. William soon
(16)
rich and famous.
Controlla le soluzioni online ↖ Very good
← Ok
↙ Not very good
225-180
179-135
less than 134
Final score 225
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