January 2015 ttimes web magazine by Tidewater Times

Tidewater Times

January 2015

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Mt. Pleasant, St. Michaels Facing WSW across the sparkling waters of Broad Creek... This attractive home features 5 bedrooms, 5 full baths, huge “great room,” high ceilings and lots of waterside glass. Detached 2.5 car garage with living space and full bath above. High elevation. Swimming pool. Dock with 6’MLW. Terrific sunset views. Close to St. Michaels (<2 miles). $1,550,000

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Tidewater Times

Since 1952, Eastern Shore of Maryland Vol. 63, No. 8

Published Monthly

January 2015

Features: About the Cover Photographer: Graham Scott-Taylor . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The Hatchet Woman: Helen Chappell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Horn Point’s Reach is Outside the Shell: Dick Cooper . . . . . . . . . . 27 Tidewater Kitchen: Pamela Meredith-Doyle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Tidewater Review: Anne Stinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Tidewater Gardening: K. Marc Teffeau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Writing - Its A Hoot: Gary D. Crawford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Pirates, Privateers and Blockade Runners - Part 1: Cliff James . . . 153

Departments: January Tide Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Dorchester Points of Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Easton Points of Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 St. Michaels Points of Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Oxford Points of Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Tilghman - Bay Hundred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Queen Anne’s County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Caroline County - A Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Kent County and Chestertown at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 January Calendar of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 David C. Pulzone, Publisher · Anne B. Farwell, Editor P. O. Box 1141, Easton, Maryland 21601 102 Myrtle Ave., Oxford, MD 21654 410-226-0422 FAX : 410-226-0411 www.tidewatertimes.com info@tidewatertimes.com

Tidewater Times is published monthly by Tidewater Times Inc. Advertising rates upon request. Subscription price is $25.00 per year. Individual copies are $4. Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in part or whole without prior approval of the publisher. The publisher does not assume any liability for errors and/or omissions.

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About the Cover Photographer

Graham Scott-Taylor

locally include Talbot Tourism, the Academy Art Museum, Talbot Hospice, and many others, both in the United States and around the world. He has exhibited in various locations in the area and has sold his work regularly. He moved back to the U.K. last month with a heavy heart, leaving behind this cover image of Easton, and taking with him this love for a special place ~ Maryland’s Eastern Shore. He leaves this old photographer’s adage ~ “you just never know what is waiting for you unless you take the time to look!” More of Graham’s images can be seen at www.dadaimages.com.

Graham ScottTaylor moved to the Eastern Shore 13 years ago from Wales in the U.K. A graphic designer by trade, he is a graduate of the Metropolitan University of Manchester, where he studied graphics in all its forms, and where his love of images began. He established his own business, daDa Design in Bethesda, North Wales, in 1995 before relocating to Maryland with his wife and their dog, Jaz. Specializing in print design, where strong images are the cornerstone, served to increase Graham’s awareness of how images convey messages. During time spent as an art director, he would work with photographers to achieve the precise shot required. Happy with his work, he never considered doing anything else. Then, not long ago, a great friend suggested having “a play” with one of his old cameras, with a view to possibly taking images of his own. “Well, that was it ~ the seeds were sown, a new chapter had begun and now several cameras later and many dollars lighter, here we are.” Graham has photographed commercially for both print and web and for many non-profits. His clients 7

The Hatchet Woman

Excerpt from a new novel by Helen Chappell Chapter One Now how this all got started is kind of complicated, so try to hang on while I explain how I got into this. “We called the Vandalay Industries number you gave us,” the woman said. “Then we Googled it. You applied for work at a place that doesn’t exist.” She frowned at me over her glasses, tapping the form with a long black fingernail. Her polish was chipped, I noted idly. So there I was, at the unemployment office once again. And, once again, I was in trouble. See, to collect your check you have to fill out a form stating you’ve applied for work in two different places each week. The trouble is, when you are a reporter for a newspaper that folded and blew away in the techno age, there aren’t a lot of jobs for a woman of a certain age with limited experience. “I can explain that,” I started to say. But the woman, whose name tag said Betty Tiderman, had probably heard it all before. I could tell she was sick and tired of the weary and unemployed and their pathetic excuses in a pathetic economy. “My supervisor is a Seinfeld fan,” Name Tag Betty continued, unamused. “Do you think you are

the first client who ever tried that on us?” I had the grace to look ashamed. “I’ve run out of places to apply,” I admitted. “Look, I’m desperate. I’ve applied at every newspaper and magazine in the state.” “There’s always WalMart,” Betty pointed out. I must say, she had a talent for the obvious. “I applied at WalMart. Twice. Both times they told me I was overqualified. Look, just dock me a week and let me go. You know and I know that this area is in the worst shape since the Depression and I’m too old and have too few skills to get hired for anything. They all want young blondes with big boobs. Even the doctor’s offices. The real estate agents, the office jobs, no one wants people like me. I’m too old to flip burgers.” “Well, I really don’t have any choice but to withhold your check this week. Believe me, I don’t want to, but then I’d be in trouble. And I need this job.” For a minute, Betty was almost human. And I could see her point. A job, even a state contract job with no benefits listening to life’s losers, was better than nothing. “I’m not mad at you. I know you don’t make the rules.” It was a line I’d learned to play out over the 9

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The Hatchet Woman

personal calls at work. I’ve got someone here. No. I’m not free tonight. Going to the sports bar with you and your friends Saturday night? Shoot some pool? What you mean is I get to sit with your friends’ girlfriends, who I barely like, while you and your buddies shoot pool and drink cheap beer. Yes, that’s what will happen. No, it won’t be any diff - - No. I don’t want to go to the MMA tournament. Why can’t we get some tickets for the Shorebirds or go to the beach or...” I spotted the bald guy with the green shirt coming down the aisle. He looked like nine miles of bad road with a case of the ass. I wouldn’t want to be at his mercy. And he didn’t look to me like a Sein-

years of trying to draw the truth out of people without power, but with knowledge. And it usually worked. Her cell phone started to vibrate. She looked at the number and frowned. “I gotta take this. We’re not supposed to take personal calls at work. Do me a favor and keep an eye out for a bald guy in a green shirt. He’s my supervisor ~ What is it, Ted?” She sounded really annoyed. I looked around the walls of her cubicle. All I saw were annoyed clerks and the defeated unemployed. But I kept an ear on her conversation, because I’m conditioned to be nosy. “Ted, I’m not supposed to take

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The Hatchet Woman

at me. We both shrugged. Suddenly, we were in this together. I’d taken a hit for her, and she knew it. “Thanks,” she said. “He’s a real stickler for the rules. We call him Little Putin.” “Can’t argue with that.” And then, she did the last thing I was expecting. She took off her glasses and began to wipe tears from her eyes. “I can’t stand it anymore,” she whispered. “I just can’t stand it.” “Oh, he’s just an ass. I’ve had editors who would cook me and eat me if they could.” I dug in my pocketbook for some Kleenex. “Oh, not Wilcox. My boyfriend Ted. I just can’t take it anymore.” “If he’s abusing you, I’ve got a

feld fan. He looked pretty humorless. “Super-visor al-ert,” I coughed. Not too obvious or anything, but Jeeze. “Gotta go.” Betty shut down her phone just as Bad Boss came to her cubicle. He looked at me like I was something he’d scraped off his shoe. “Vandalay Industries?” he snapped. I nodded cheerfully. “I wanted to be a latex salesman,” I said. They were already docking me a week’s unemployment, which I couldn’t afford. Why not go for the gold? He glared at both Betty and me, then rumbled on, rolling on that bad road that was his personality. I looked at Betty and she looked

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The Hatchet Woman

rather hang with his friends down to the sports bar than, oh, I don’t know, go to a movie, out to dinner, to a concert ... anything but sitting there drinking warm beer and watching him play pool with his buddies. He doesn’t know how to do anything else and he’s not going to change.” I handed her a Kleenex and she blew her nose. “You can’t change people,” I said. “I’m older than you, so I know. He’ll always pick his mother over you, or it’s just one more thing before he’ll commit, or he’s always going to leave his wife and never does...” Betty nodded. “That’s exactly right! I used to think, you know, that I was nothing without a man. But I’ve settled so many times, I’m

list of people and places you can call. I was a reporter. I’ve got all kinds of contacts...” She put up a hand, waving it from side to side. “No, he’d never lay a hand on me. He’s the nicest guy you’d ever want to meet. I should feel so lucky to have him, but I don’t. He’s just so...” She waved her hand, conveying miles of woman-to-woman meaning. “Boring. You know, you date a string of losers, loners who live by their own rules, and you finally settle for a nice guy. And you think your troubles are over. But you’re wrong. Ted is dull. He doesn’t have a clue. I don’t expect George Clooney and hearts and diamonds, but it just turns out that he’d

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The Hatchet Woman

are what I do for a living. I have no investment in him. He’ll come away thinking it was his idea.” Betty blinked and put her glasses back on. She leaned in toward me. “You do this for me, I’ll make that hold on this week’s unemployment check go away.” “You’ve got a deal.” And, in the back of my mind I was thinking, this will make one hell of a story. I just didn’t know it was just the beginning.

beginning to wonder what it would be like just to be me and single.” “A whole world of possibility,” I said, feeling wise. Every relationship I’d ever been in tanked. What did I know but being on my own? Betty twisted the Kleenex in her hands. “I’m sorry. I know you’ve got your own problems. It just hit me all of a sudden. I want out of this relationship and I have for months.” “Then get out. And don’t worry about my problems. I’ll survive.” I would, too, but you don’t tell Unemployment about your off-the-books job. “Just break up with him. If you do it while he’s breaking, he won’t even notice.” “I can’t. I just can’t bear to face him. He’s a nice guy. I’m afraid I’ll hurt him. And it’s really not his fault. We’re just not meant for each other.” That’s when it struck me. “Look, what if I broke up with him for you?” I blurted out. “Gimme his number. I’ll meet up with him and tell him it’s you, it’s not him. I can do this. What else do I have to do? I’ve been out of work for eight months.” “You’d do that?” “I’d do that. I’ll do anything short of homicide. ‘Ted, I’m sorry, but Betty wants to break up with you. It’s not you, it’s her. She thinks you want different things in life, and while you’re a terrific guy, you’re terrific for someone else, not her. She needs some time on her own.’ Look, stories

Chapter Two “Thanks for agreeing to meet me,” I said to the skinny redhead as he slid into the booth. “You’re Ted, right?” He nodded. He was about thirty and still wearing his baseball cap backwards and indoors. A scruffy goatee tried to grow from his chin, and I wasn’t especially impressed with the beginnings of a poorly executed tat sleeve running up his left arm. Also, he smelled like Axe Body Spray and he needed dental work. Betty, I decided, could do better. The deciding factor was the Tshirt advertising Big Pecker’s Bar and Grill. I really couldn’t complain about him hanging out in the middle of the day, jobless, since I was pretty much in the same boat. “So you wanted to see me? What for?” Ted asked. His eyes never rested on me, but kept looking at his buddies at the pool table in the corner. Overhead, a mute TV broadcast an old Ravens game. 20

That he didn’t seem surprised a perfect stranger had called a meeting with him should have been my first clue. A staggering lack of curiosity is often a sign of a dim mind. Oh, Betty, you could do a whole lot better. I did get a curious look from the slatternly waitress who slammed two long necks down in front of me, for which I paid. Ted seemed used to women picking up his tab, because he didn’t even bother to thank me as he raised the bottle to his lips and drained off about half the beer in one gulp. “If it’s about my truck payment, I told the guy on the phone, as soon as I get my tax return, I’ll catch up my payments.” I took a deep swallow of my own beer. I was going to need something to fortify myself for the job ahead. Delivering bad news was going to be unpleasant. Ted might be a clueless unemployed redneck, but he had feelings. “Actually, Ted, it’s not about your truck,” I said slowly. What had seemed like an easy job back at the unemployment office now loomed full of horrible possibilities. What if

he started crying? Threatened to kill himself? Jumped off the Bay Bridge? Blamed me for it? Why didn’t Betty grow a pair and do this herself? I reminded myself that my weekly check lay in the balance and put on my big girl panties to deal with it. “The thing is, Betty wants to break up with you, and she asked me to do it because she doesn’t have the heart to tell you herself. It’s not you, it’s her. She doesn’t think she’s good enough for you. She thinks you deserve someone who - - someone who can treat you the way you deserve to be treated.” While I sat there watching this speech slowly absorb into his beersoaked consciousness, I thought what this loser deserved was a blow to the back of the head, a quick roll up in an old piece of wall-to-wall carpet, duct tape and a trip to the dumpster behind WalMart. His focus was still on the pool table. Clearly, I’d dragged him away from his one and only true love, billiards. And maybe his buddies came in a close second. “Betty wants to do what?” he

ST. MICHAELS

THE BEST OF

Thank you to all my friends and clients for your support in 2014. Best wishes for a Happy New Year!

Elizabeth Elizabeth Y. Foulds 410.924.1959

Lacaze Meredith Real Estate 109 S. Talbot St., P. O. Box 236 St. Michaels, MD 21673 410-745-0283, ext. 116 www.stmichaelsrealestate.net 22

ST. MICHAELS

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109 S. Talbot St., St. Michaels, MD

cell: 410.924.1959 office:410-745-0283 foulds@longandfoster.com www.stmichaelsrealestate.net 23

The Hatchet Woman

sure you can forget about the money.” I lied blithely, peeling the label off my wet beer bottle. He grinned craftily. He was cunning, in the way uneducated and unintelligent people are often crafty and dishonest. “I guess my wife will be glad to know it’s over,” he laughed. “I wasn’t lookin’ forward to tellin’ Betty about Misty. And the kids.” I just sat there, gobsmacked. Whiskey Tango Foxtrot? This guy was a bigger loser than even I thought. “What were you going to tell Misty about Betty?” Ted shrugged. “Nothin’. What she don’t know won’t kill her. Tell her and the whole trailer park knows.” He downed the rest of his beer. “Hey, that’s my quarter on the table, Critter! I’m up next!” he called across the bar. “I gotta go. But I gotta thank you, lady. You really done me a big favor. Betty was getting to be a drag. She wanted a commitment, and one old lady and a couple a kids is enough for me. I’m man enough for more than one lady, but I can do better than Betty!” He wiped his hand across his lips. “What are you doin’ tonight, baby doll?” “Scrubbing myself down with bleach!” “Too bad. You and I could do some serious rock and roll together, sweetie!”

asked, dragging his attention back from the 8-ball in the corner pocket. “Betty,” I repeated slowly and clearly, “is breaking up with you. She asked me to do it. She can’t face doing it herself, because she doesn’t want to hurt you. It’s not you. It’s her.” He grudgingly turned to face me. “Betty wants to break up with me?” I noticed he had a big old cavity in his right incisor. Lovely. Ted was one of life’s little losers, and he was too dumb to even know Betty might not have been red carpet material, but she was too good for him. “Like I said, she didn’t want to tell you, so she sent me, because she didn’t want to hurt you faceto-face. This is just killing her, you know. She really feels you’re too good for her, and she needs to let you go so you can pursue your dreams.” Which, as far as I could tell, was to hang out, drink beer and play pool 24/7. If he had a job, I had no idea what it was. Betty hadn’t mentioned gainful employment. Ted pondered this, his brow furrowing. After a moment, he said, “Does this mean she won’t want the money back? I know I said I borrowed it, but it was really a gift, at least until I get my tax returns.” Betty hadn’t said anything about money. I hoped she’d consider it the cost of life experience. “I’m 24

As I walked out, I noticed a guy sitting alone at the bar. He was nursing a drink and reading something on a Kindle. He wasn’t half bad. He was handsome in a kind of Harrison Ford way, graying at the temples, a little weatherbeaten around the edges. When he grinned at me, I started to grin back. “You must feel really good about yourself, lady,” he said. “Going around breaking people’s hearts for people who don’t have the guts to do it themselves. How’s that feel? I don’t know if you’re brave or stupid.” “Tell your significant other to give me a call when she gets tired of your act,” I replied, flipping him the cheap business card I’d had made up when I still thought I could get a new job. I didn’t look back to see what he did with it. Safe in my car, in the parking lot, I put my head on the steering wheel. “Betty,” I said aloud, “you dodged a bullet.” Or, I took it for you. The smell of Axe Body Spray lingered in my nostrils. I knew it would take forever to go away.

Interior Decoration by

Stephen O’Brien

Helen Chappell is the creator of the Sam and Hollis mystery series and the Oysterback stories, as well as The Chesapeake Book of the Dead. Under her pen name, Rebecca Baldwin, she has published a number of historical novels.

Easton, MD 410-770-5676 snobrien@goeaston.net

WINK COWEE, ASSOCIATE BROKER BENSON & MANGOLD REAL ESTATE 211 N. TALBOT ST. ST. MICHAELS, MD 21663

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Horn Point’s Reach is Outside the Shell by Dick Cooper For the internationally recognized scientists of Horn Point Labs, the world is much more than their oysters. Most of the headlines about Horn Point focus on the study and cultivation of the Chesapeake Bay’s signature bivalve, but they are only part of the story. “I don’t mind having oysters out front,” says William Boicourt, a Horn Point professor of oceanography.

“That’s what people care about ~ and it is a pretty cool operation ~ but we do a lot more than that.” Boicourt, who is currently working with small unmanned submarine gliders to help predict and track Atlantic Ocean hurricanes, is just one of the 25 scientists and 30 graduate students based at what is officially known as the University of Maryland Environmental Science

William Boicourt preparing the submarine glider. 27

Horn Point’s Reach

how things get transported around,” Roman says. “We have people who fo c u s on w ater qua l it y a nd we have folks who study the critters, from bacteria to fish to jellyfish to oysters.” Roman, who has been at the lab since 1983, says the early days of research were a “discovery period. We were tr y ing to f ind out how things worked. Now, I would say we are in a restoration and application phase. We know how to fix things, but we need to implement and monitor them.” He says that the mission of Horn Point is much broader than test-tube science. “We have to apply what we call environmental science and social science. We can do the best

Center Horn Point Laboratory. Located on the banks of the Choptank River just west of Cambridge, the expansive campus is built on what was once a plantation named in 1659 for its first colonial owner, John Horne. It houses laboratories and classrooms where the inner workings of living organisms and rhythms of nature are dissected and analyzed to the nth degree. Hor n Point Direc tor Michael Roman says the team examines all things aquatic with an emphasis on the processes and inhabitants of the Chesapeake Bay. “We have people who study the currents of the Bay; the tides and

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Horn Point’s Reach

storm surge impacts down to individual blocks and buildings in Rock Hall, Cambridge, Annapolis or Alexandria,” Roman says. Government officials will be able to use the advanced information to warn residents and evacuate areas in danger. Another study being conducted by P rofe s sor Thoma s F i sher i s looking for the best ways to combat harmf ul r unof f from farms and law ns into the watershed of the Choptank R iver. Fisher says he is working w ith farmers around Greensboro in Caroline County to track the results of best management practices on their fields. He said he has received a lot of support from the farmers but has had very little buy-in from homeowners who

science in the world but, if nobody pays attention to it or if we don’t inf luence policy or we don’t show how it connects to economics, it is like the tree falling in the forest with no one there.” R om a n p oi nte d to t he w ork Boicourt and colleague Ming Li are doing to help the National Weather Service study hurricanes in real time. The glider is capable of operating in dangerous ocean conditions and transmits information on water temperature, currents and wave action that can help predict storm movement and intensity. “Us i ng t he i n for m at ion a nd G oogle Ear t h, t hey can predict

Horn Point Director Michael Roman. 30

Horn Point’s Reach

humans, it is not going have the desired outcome as far as management of the Bay is concerned,” he says. The scientists at Horn Point are comfortable in hip boots and wet suits, but they are also at home in their lab coats, and all are part of the University of Maryland’s teaching faculty. “A l l of our facu lt y teach a nd advise graduate students who are get t i ng ma s ter ’s a nd Ph.D. s at Horn Point,” Roman says, but they also teach classes throughout the broader university system. “With interactive video, we teach classes in College Park, Baltimore and at UMES,” he says. “I have students in front of me, but they are also at four or five remote sites.”

don’t realize the fer tilizers and weed-killer they put on their lawns have down-stream consequences. Different areas may be best served by different methods. “There have been studies at the plot level, but never at the watershed level,” Fisher says. The five-year study funded by the National Science Foundation is intended to show what actually works in the real world. Roman says yet another research project that is just getting underway will work with watermen to look for better ways to manage the cycles of life of the Bay’s oysters from growth through harvest. “Humans are part of the ecology, and so if you ignore

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Horn Point’s Reach

school visit the campus to learn more about the environment around t hem. “We a lso work w it h high school and middle school science teachers to help them get up-to-date in environmental sciences,” he says. Roman says he has seen and been a part of many changes at Horn Point over the last 30 years, but it has been advances in computer technology and molecular science that have made the biggest differences. “We have sensors out on our docks right now that measure and record oxygen levels, temperature,

A summer internship program at Horn Point attracts national attention from rising high school seniors interested in science. “We select 15 students from 300 applicants from across the country,” Roman says. “They f ind out if they like this, they may want to go on to graduate school. Or they say, “Nah, this is not like watching the Discovery Channel. I want to go to medical school.” During the school year, children from kindergarten through high

Launching the submarine glider into the Atlantic. 34

Horn Point’s Reach

ll u Ca To rA Fo

Thomas Fisher installing groundwater piezometers. salinity and how much plant life is in the water every 10 seconds, 24/7, 365 days a year,” he says. “Just like you see on CSI, our faculty can take a sample of water and look for DNA and other things. They can identify the critters and recognize the genetic variations and how they change.” Horn Point’s reputation for excellence has spread throughout the international scientific community, and faculty members have advised governments and agencies around the world. During a recent tour of the laborator y complex, Roman took time out to introduce a graduate student from R io de Janeiro, Brazil, who was giving a 36

Horn Point’s Reach lecture about pollution in the Bay of Guanabara. Rio will host the 2016 Summer Olympics, and officials are concerned about the poor quality of the bay where the sailing, rowing and other water-based competitions will be held. “We have folks who are doing research projections from the Arctic to the Antarctic Oceans,” Roman says. “We are studying the effects of the Amazon plume into the Atlantic and the impact of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.” Roma n say s t hat Hor n Poi nt graduates have 100 percent job placement, but their choices have greatly expanded over the years. “It

Lu-Ev

Anne Gustafson taking field samples of the runoff in the Choptank River watershed.

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Horn Point’s Reach used to be that they would teach at another university,” he says. “Now it runs the whole gamut from private industry to government.” But for Roman and his fellow science professors, the quest for learning seems to be as rewarding as the discovery. “There is always something new to find,” he says. “That’s what makes it fun to come to work every day.” Dick Cooper is a Pulitzer Prizewinning journalist. He and his wife, Pat, live and sail in St. Michaels. He can be reached at dickcooper@ coopermediaassociates.com.

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Why is the Sky Blue? by John M. Scanlon, M.D.

There seem to be two kinds of humans who regularly ask seemingly simplistic questions. One is the young child; the other is the genius. “Why is the sky blue, Daddy?” has become cliché for a banal, obvious query. I suspect the annoyance for adults is, in large part, because most of them don’t actually know the answer. Profound truths are sometimes uncovered during the process of answering simple-sounding questions. True, it took very special circumstances for Sir Alexander Fleming to wonder why bacteria didn’t grow around the moldy edges of his Petrie dish. He had to have a laboratory, agar plates, bacteria and yeast together in one place. But Fleming’s question was profoundly simple, and penicillin was the answer. During the last half century, basic questions have been raised about obvious natural phenomena. Answers have led to startling advances in knowledge. Someone wondered why woodpeckers don’t suffer from serious headaches or sustain brain damage hammering their bills on dead trees all day. The Family picidae characteristically slam sturdy beaks into wood searching for wriggling food. In spring, most members of this

family tap out love messages in the same drumming manner. Such repetitive head trauma should render older woodpeckers punch drunk, with Swiss cheese for brains. It turns out the woodpecker’s skull, its neck muscles and spinal ligaments are mar vels of natural energy-dissipating engineering. The brain is cushioned in a unique way using spinal fluid. The skull’s supporting muscles and tendons provide dynamic counterbalance to the endless forward jackhammer beak thrusts. Appreciation for this physiology led to practical application for safety helmet design and other devices used in sports and automotives. This important research is on-going. Another basic question was how a hummingbird’s wings can rotate so rapidly that the shoulder joint 45

Why is the Sky Blue?

sipaters in the joint and a very rapid turnover of synovial fluid. Research in this arena led to better designed artificial joints and better understanding of orthopedic diseases in general. A second aspect of hummingbird flight related to the availability of metabolic fuels that sustain such rapid muscular activity over time. The manner in which quick energy reserves become available to tissues during rapid wing beat flight is unique and fascinating. Unraveling this biochemistry is having a profound impact on knowledge about human metabolism and basic life processes. Think for a second that the Ruby Throated hummingbird, who weighs about 4 ounces, flies non-

doesn’t just burn up. Answers to this conundrum led to previously unilluminated areas of avian physiology by understanding how the hummer’s shoulder joint was fashioned to rotate 360 degrees, 300 times a minute for hours. It seems there are bony heat dis-

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Why is the Sky Blue?

Why don’t frogs that live in dirty, yucky water, fouled with bacteria and filth, develop serious skin infections? This query was raised by a very bright NIH scholar while observing experimental subject amphibians in the lab’s fetid aquarium. Subsequent research led to the discovery of an entire new class of antibiotic compounds found mostly in frog skin’s secretory glands. Human applications were not far behind. Yet another deceptively simple question was why don’t seals (or penguins or sea iguanas) drown when they remained submerged for very long times during feeding? Exploring this mystery provided practical understanding about human physiological responses to oxygen deprivation, respiratory insufficiency and handling built up metabolic acids in the blood. This illuminated basic bodily responses to asphyxia. It turns out that most sea living mammals, birds and reptiles have the intrinsic neurovascular capability to redistribute internal blood flow. This maintains perfusion to organs needed for the task at hand (brain, heart, flipper muscles) while other “expendable” circulations (skin, kidneys, liver, GI tract) are relatively blood deprived. With a belly full of kelp, the seal surfaces and hops on a rock to warm up while blood flow to the gut and other organs returns.

stop across the Gulf of Mexico during migration. This trip can take up to 14 hours at an average 150 beats per minute. Try f lapping your arms 120,000 times and see how many calories you burn! The hummer loses almost 25% of its body weight during this journey. Jenny Craig, eat your heart out!

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Why is the Sky Blue?

tellectual database. The rest of us keep stumbling around saying the sky is blue because that is its color.

Similarly with asphyxiated humans who increase brain and heart blood flow during travail then reperfuse other organs upon recovery. And it turns out that uncontrolled reperfusion may cause its own damage. Thus appreciating consequences from such increased blood flow after asphyxia has provided impetus for understanding and treating post asphyxial injury. All from asking a simple question, “How can a seal stay under water for so long?”

Editor’s Note: As many of you may know, Dr. Jack Scanlon passed away back in November. A friend of his, Whit Young, submitted this tribute to him:

This common trait, shared by young children and geniuses, reduces a complex problem to its basic component. The child seeks knowledge using naïve, inexperienced eyes, and asks a simple question, “Why is the sky blue, Daddy? The genius cuts through layers of acquired biases and assumed “facts” to reach the truth. The savant answers the same question using keen intellect, problem solving experience and a massive in-

Doctor Jack He held life in his hands, literally. Some of his patients were not much bigger than a human hand. His hands were the large, rough hands of an outdoorsman, a hunter, a fisherman. By teaching hundreds of medical students the skills necessary to wield hands and minds in providing nurturing care, he saved hundreds of lives. 50

Why is the Sky Blue?

cussion of hunting might wander out of the woods and into the world of ethics and human behavior. Not just a medicine man, but a healer who thought about the questions that arise when a human life is expiring in an Isolette. After decades of service he was more than a medical doctor to parents and patients; a doctor philosopher. We will miss his leprechaun smile, his love of all things Irish, and his commitment to family and children. Not grieving, remembering.

He loved life: shadows in the woods, the smells of salt marsh, the pursuit of fish and game, and the solitude of dawn. He did not retire to the Eastern Shore, he embraced it. The experiences he wrote about were the food and drink of a man who had found his place with Mother Nature. Jack had his enemies. The continuing battle between man and squirrel and defeat at the paws of Mephitis (common skunk) were honestly and cheerfully related. His love of animal life was returned by Labrador dogs who adored him. His wealth of Shore lore was not limited to the natural world. A dis-

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Hereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s To Your Health! Healthy eating emphasizes whole grains, lean protein, fish and fresh fruits and vegetables, while avoiding artificial colorings, f lavorings, preservatives, overly processed foods and unhealthy cooking techniques like frying. Once you begin healthy eating you will soon lose your taste for rich, fatty and salty foods. If you establish a healthy eating pattern at home, it will benefit the entire family. Remember, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the foods you eat on a daily basis, not the splurges, that help to determine the state of your health. There are many demands on our time, so it is tempting to rely on convenience foods, but these overprocessed, nutrient-poor foods lead to less energy and more health problems. By making more meals from scratch, you will soon find it becomes quicker and easier. For example, if you poach a chicken for dinner, save the broth for soup or another meal and use the leftover cold chicken in a salad for lunch

the next day. On busy days you can make simpler dishes like a stir fry with the chicken and assortment of fresh vegetables. Healthy eating begins with the choices you make at the grocery store. Choose foods that contain fiber, vitamins and minerals and are rich in antioxidants that protect against many diseases. Studies show that low fiber intake is associated with higher incidence of colon cancer and coronary artery disease. Here are some hints for your grocery list: 55

Here’s to Your Health

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Poultry ~ serve skinless chicken and turkey breast, as one third of the fat is in the skin. Free-range poultry has less fat and more flavor. Chicken salad and turkey burgers are wonderful meals to have on hand. Meat ~ choose lean beef cuts such as top round or sirloin, lean pork such as tenderloin and center loin roast, and lean ground meat like sirloin. Naturally raised meats are best. Fish ~ try to include fish (wild caught) in your diet at least once a week. Beans and Grains ~ purchase lots of grains, old fashioned or steel-cut oats, pastas, and rice, canned or dried beans as they are high in fiber and protein. Cook a batch of your favorite grain or beans for the week and a pot of brown rice and/or quinoa that you can use in many dishes. For flavor add olive oil, herbs and spices, sundried tomatoes, etc. Dairy ~ avoid non-dairy substitute creamer and whipped toppings that contains palm oil as it contains saturated fats. Plain yogurt is very healthy for you. Desserts ~ sorbets, fresh fruit and angel food cake are some of the better choices. Beverages ~ water (filtered), sparkling water and teas instead of soft drinks.

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Here’s to Your Health

For weight reduction, concentrate on decreasing the amount of fat in your diet, eating smaller portions and exercising rather than excessive calorie counting. Too few calories means not enough fuel and nutrients that can cause a lack of concentration, impaired judgment and poor memory. Remember, you burn more calories when you are physically active. Drink plenty of filtered water every day to f lush away by-products. This is especially important if you are on a high fiber diet to avoid constipation. To avoid water retention, minimize salt in your diet. Taste buds will gradually adjust to less salt. Herbs, spices and lemon juice make good salt substitutes. When you cook your own meals you can control your salt intake better. You’ve always heard that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and it’s true. People who skip it often have energy swings and weight problems. Skipping breakfast, or any meal, lowers your basal metabolic rate. This means your body burns calories at a slower rate. For a quick breakfast, make some homemade granola or cereal. My favorite drink in the morning is called Juice Plus Complete. For many reasons, Complete is superior to the highly marketed milk protein-based powders commonly used by trainers and marketed in most gyms.

Organic Nut Butters ~ peanut, almond, cashew, etc. Snacks ~ dried fruits, raisins, fresh vegetables, fresh fruits and nuts. Purchase at least 3 kinds of raw nuts and seeds (f lax, chia, pumpkin, sesame, sunflower, etc.). Add them to salads, yogurt, oatmeal, and rice dishes. Make a bag of trail mix with mixed raw nuts, unsweetened coconut f lakes and some dried fruit. Read the labels and avoid crackers and other foods made with partially hydrogenated oils. Keep low calorie snack items available to replace snack foods that are high in fat, sugar and salt. Salad Dressings ~ make your own by using olive oil, vinegar, lemon juice, herbs and garlic to avoid additives and saturated fats. Mushrooms ~ cook with crimini, shiitake, portobello and chanterelle mushrooms instead of white mushrooms for added f lavor. Make sure that you never skip a meal, as that sets you up for an energy slump and can lead to eating unhealthy or too much food. Eating small meals throughout the day stabilizes your blood sugar and keeps you in balance. Eat a wide variety of foods to decrease the possibility of consuming an unhealthy amount of any nutrient and avoid exposure to a concentration of toxins that any single food might harbor. 58

Hereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s to Your Health

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From a health standpoint, I personally stay away from dairy products. As the name implies, Complete is a whole-food, plant-based, balanced protein product with only positive results, including reduced inf lammation, increased muscle mass, reduced body fat, balanced hormones and blood sugar levels and more energy. It is truly a superior green protein choice, in my opinion. For more information on the great Complete drink, check out my website: www.pdoyle.juiceplus.com. Here are two of my favorite breakfast recipes to be made in a blender:

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4 cloves garlic, minced 1 cup chopped celery 2 T. expeller pressed canola oil 4 cups chicken broth 1 t. ground coriander 1/4 t. salt 1/8 to 1/4 t. ground red pepper 3 T. dry sherry (optional)

Hereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s to Your Health 1/2 cup almond milk 3 ice cubes (if bananas arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t frozen) NEXT BEST THING TO ALMOND JOY! 1 scoop chocolate Juice Plus Complete 1/2 cup almond milk or more liquid to desired consistency 2 T. almond butter 1/4 t. pure almond extract 2 T. raw shredded coconut 4 ice cubes

Rinse beans. In a large saucepan, combine beans and 6 cups water. Bring to a boil and then reduce heat. Simmer for 2 minutes. Remove from heat, cover and let stand for 1 hour. Drain and rinse the beans. In a large saucepan or Dutch oven, cook the onion, celery and garlic in hot oil until tender. Add beans, chicken broth, coriander, salt and red pepper. Bring to a boil; reduce heat. Cover and simmer for 1 to 1-1/2 hours or until the beans are tender. If desired, mash beans slightly with a potato masher (or puree half of them in a blender, then add back in). Stir in the dry sherry. Cook for 2 to 3 minutes more or until heated through.

Make lunch an important break in your day, rather than a rushed bite to eat at your desk or in your car. In order to be more alert after lunch, eat more protein and fewer carbohydrates. Overeating at this meal can also make you lethargic. It is better to eat less and then eat an afternoon snack or drink a healthy smoothie. To bring a healthy lunch to work, try a risotto, soup, chowder, pasta, or other single-dish meal that can be heated in the microwave.

Whenever possible, you should sit down to dinner. It is important to take this time for yourself and your family. Start dinner with a light appetizer and a low-calorie beverage like low-salt tomato juice, sparkling water with a twist of lime, or a blend of herbal tea and fruit juice to take the edge off your hunger. Establish a pace that encourages

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into the rice. Replace cover and turn off heat. Let rest for 5 minutes until peas are warmed through.

dining rather than just eating food. When meals are eaten on the run, we are apt to eat more as that fast pace leaves us looking for satisfaction. Increase your awareness of what you are eating and try to stretch your dinner out over several courses. If food is to be properly digested, it should be eaten in a calm environment, such as listening to soothing music during the meal. Music causes people to consume smaller portions, chew their food more slowly, and have longer conversations. Taking a walk after dinner also aids in digestion.

STIR-FRIED VEGETABLES with TOFU Serves 6 I love soy sauce and use it a great deal. Use only a fine quality soy sauce, such as Kikkoman or Tamari. Everyone enjoys this dish! By marinating the tofu in the same ingredients as a traditional teriyaki marinade, the tofu takes on a wonderful flavor. Serve it with a bowl of steaming hot rice or basmati rice with snow peas to absorb the sauce.

BASMATI RICE with SNOW PEAS 2 cups basmati rice (rinsed and drained) 1 T. olive oil 1/4 t. sesame oil 1/2 cup onion, chopped 3-3/4 cups cold water 1/2 t. sea salt (to taste) 1 pkg. frozen snow peas 1 T. cilantro, chopped (optional)

1/4 cup superior light soy sauce 3 T. dry sherry or rice wine 1 T. cornstarch 1 pkg. extra-firm tofu, well drained and cut into 1/2-inch cubes 1 lb. fresh green beans, trimmed and blanched OR 1 lb. frozen green beans, run under hot water to thaw 3 T. olive oil 1 t. freshly grated ginger

Heat oil in a medium saucepan over medium heat. Add onions and cook for 3 minutes until soft. Add rice and cook for 1 minute. Add water and salt. Stir and bring to a boil. Cover saucepan and cook for 20 minutes. Do not remove cover until time is up. Add frozen snow peas and stir 64

2 cups white onion, chopped 1 red bell pepper, seeded, deveined and thinly sliced 1 cup vegetable stock 1/2 t. sesame oil 3/4 cup cashews, toasted Sea salt and freshly ground pepper In a large bowl, whisk together the soy sauce, sherry and cornstarch. Add the tofu and mix to coat. In a wok or large sauté pan, heat 2 tablespoons olive oil over medium high heat. When the oil is hot, add the ginger. Using a slotted spoon, remove the tofu from the marinade, set the marinade aside. Add the tofu to the pan with the ginger and cook the tofu over high heat until it is golden brown (about 3 minutes). Transfer the tofu to a plate and set it aside. Reduce the heat to medium and add 1 tablespoon of olive oil. Add the onions to the pan and cook 5 minutes. Add the red bell pepper and sauté until soft, 5 minutes more. Return the tofu to the pan and then add the green beans, reserved marinade, stock and sesame oil. Stir the mixture constantly until it boils and thickens. Remove the pan from the heat and add the cashews. Transfer to a serving dish and serve with rice.

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ASPARAGUS VINAIGRETTE Serves 8 2 lbs. fresh asparagus spears 65

Here’s to Your Health

gus. Cover and chill thoroughly. Transfer asparagus to a serving platter, using a slotted spoon. Note: If you need to serve double the amount, buy about 4 pounds of asparagus and keep the ingredients of the vinaigrette the same.

½ cup rice vinegar ¼ cup water ½ cup lemon juice 2 T. virgin olive oil l t. dry mustard l t. lemon zest ½ t. ground pepper

A longtime resident of Oxford, Pamela Meredith-Doyle, formerly Denver’s NBC Channel 9 Children’s Chef, now teaches both adult and children’s cooking classes on the south shore of Massachusetts, where she lives with her husband and son. For more of Pam’s recipes, visit the Story Archive tab at www.tidewatertimes.com.

Snap off tough ends of asparagus. Cook asparagus, covered in a small amount of boiling water, 6 minutes or until crisp-tender; drain. Place asparagus in a 13x9x2inch baking dish. Combine vinegar and remaining ingredients in a small bowl; stir with a wire whisk until blended. Pour over aspara-

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Tidewater Review by Anne Stinson

Of All the Gin Joints by Mark Bailey, illustrated by Edward Hemingway. Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill. $21.95

popularity of vodka in martinis ~ or anything straight out of the bottle. If alcohol was the best thirst-quencher, it was good enough with any label. The hard stuff was acceptable, but so was wine for some actors, almost teetotalers compared to their cohorts. Buckle the lock on your list of adoration for some cinema greats before you read the book, or your heart may ache with dismay. It’s hard to understand how the actors learned their lines and stayed on their feet even during the demands of filming

The title immediately brings to mind Humphrey Bogart’s grumble, “Of all the gin joints, in all the towns, in all the world, why did she walk into mine?” in the movie Casablanca, (1942). To this reviewer’s incredulity, I asked a group of college kids if they had seen it and they returned a blank stare. I suggested that they correct their omission. For crying out loud! It is to be assumed that the youngsters are mature enough (but maybe not) to read an account of Hollywood dr unk s whose careers were accompanied by the presence of John Barleycorn in copious friendship. Often, their recorded conversations are as vulgar as pornography. An early critic labeled the volume as “a perfect cocktail of a book.” Curious? At the end of each toper’s movies in the tell-all, there are the favorite drinking spots and recipes for the favorite daily drinks of each mov ie star. Gin was the base of the early choices, followed by the 69

Tidewater Review

to allow the row behind to see clearly. Although the actors’ names are still recognizable, probably John Barrymore tops the championship for the cinema lush’s prize added to his success on stage and screen. His brother Lionel and sister Ethel also excelled at acting and on the bar stools. Clara Bow “made tons of money, but her Brooklyn accent was a disaster in talkies.” She was a pariah in society due to her tomboy hijinks, namely “the things she enjoyed were almost exclusively reserved for men ~ drinking, gambling, swearing and ...” Fill in as appropriate. W.C. Fields, a lifelong unhappy man, was labeled in LIFE magazine as “a first-class tippler.” In later years he began his day with double martinis. One of his famous quotes was “I keep a bottle of whiskey handy in case I see a snake, which I also keep handy.” Buster Keaton, Laurel and Hardy, the first big-time cowboy Tom Mix all drew in the movie-goers, as did the female stars. Mabel Normand was the one who ordered “nine martinis, a Baked Alaska and 100 Egyptian cigarettes to be delivered to her table at once.” The author can’t leave out Mary Pickford, “America’s Sweetheart,” who never touched a drop in public but was a “closet boozer” with whiskey in Listerine bottles in her bathroom. Tallulah Bankhead was outlandish and didn’t hide it. The heavy drinker and a cocaine user from her teenage years described herself as “pure as

John Barrymore scenes. For some movies, apparently the whole company imbibed. Not only the actors, but directors, cameramen, the entire set was inebriated every day. Even during the silent films era, it would seem that the Women’s Temperance Movement made not a dent in Hollywood or New York, where the earliest movies were produced. In its catalogue of misbehavior, the book is divided into time groups, beginning with The Silent Era, 1895 to 1929. It’s unlikely that many people who are alive have seen the films - “Take off your hats, ladies” came on the screen 70

Tidewater Review the driven slush.” Read it and wince. And New Yorker writer Dorothy Parker, thinking that Jean Harlow’s last name ended in T instead of W, quipped, “The final letter is silent.” Ooo. Lana Turner, the “Sweater Girl” whose record of eight marriages topped Rita Hayworth’s five, filled in for the deceased Harlow. Is it any surprise that Lana was a drinker, and a girl who skipped classes at Hollywood High? She was one of the new crop in Part Two, the Studio Era (1930 to 1945). Screen writers were not immune to alcohol ~ Raymond Chandler was a 24/7 drunk when he wrote The Blue Dahlia, and Robert Benchley of New

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new actors on the screen. Bogey was at his peak, and the new kids made a splash. Montgomery Clift ~ “We drink to suppress our panic.” Ava Gardner was a real case of misbehavior. She hated the taste of liquor, but she loved being drunk, the author writes. Judy Garland was box office gold, but was insecure about her looks, She drank to keep on turning out movies. Cary Grant never was able to shake his confusion ~ was he still the original Archibald Leach from a broken family in England, or was he Cary Grant, the debonair leading man? First it was alcohol, and eventually psychiatric treatment with LSD. To nobody’s surprise, Robert Mitchum made the cut for the book as a serious drinker. His adolescence in the Great Depression toughened him for life, and his attitude was a complete indifference to his career. What

Yorker fame had his first drink when he was 31. It wasn’t his last. As he said, “Drinking is a slow death, but who’s in a hurry?” Bing Crosby starred as a singer as well as a big imbiber. “When you drink champagne from a cooler in your dressing room in the middle of the day, you’ve reached the pinnacle,” he said. His friends dubbed him “Binge Crosby.” And then there was Errol Flynn. After a life of drink and debauchery, he was buried with six bottles of whiskey in his casket. Clark Gable got a big start on alcohol in New York with two other unknowns at the time, Bogart and Spencer Tracy. Hollywood polished Gable’s skill on a bar stool. Tracy and Bogey followed Gable soon after, and both became box office stars. Spencer mostly binged privately (and Bogie certainly did not). Orson Welles was a real case. At a business meeting at Chasen’s he threw a can of Sterno and missed collaborator John Housemen’s head. It hit the wall instead. His second Sterno bomb missed and set the curtains on fire. Welles’ routine continued with one or two bottles of brandy or whiskey a day. “Love Goddess” Rita Hayworth said, “Men and alcohol do not mix.” Singly, they were awful for her. Together, they were appalling. Part Three, Postwar Era (1948 1959) was a time for War movies and

The original Rat Pack consisted of Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr., Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop. 74

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Tidewater Review with all the booze and drugs, he was notable for urinating in public view. Joh n Way ne ~ “D u ke” s i nc e childhood ~ loved tequila more even than he hated communists. “Tequila makes your head hur t. Not for your hangover. From falling over and hitting your head.” Bailey calls him “the most towering single image of an American ever produced by Hollywood.” Part Four of the tell-all book sums up the litany of alcoholics in New Hollywood (1960 - 1979). Film historian Peter Biskind is quoted, “It was one long party. Everything old was bad. Everything new was good. Nothing was sacred; everything was up for grabs. It was, in fact, a cultural revolution, American style.” Richard Burton was a classic example of the genre, a brilliant actor with a strong thirst for vodka. His twice wife, Elizabeth Taylor, kept pace w it h tossing d r in k s back . Champagne for breakfast (a whole bottle) beat bacon and eggs. Burton and his co-star Peter O’Toole competed in a game of who could out-drink the other during their stage per for mances in L ondon. Burton was known to drink three bottles of vodka in a day. “If you can’t do Hamlet straight through with a hangover, you ought to get r ight of f the damned stage,” he once proclaimed. It was also the era of The Rat Pack

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Tidewater Review

to California, so that hardly counts, does it? That’s the total list of my name-dropping. Of All the Gin Joints is either a coffee table book or one you hide under the mattress. It smells almost like porn with the vulgarity. Hide it from the kids if you are tempted to indulge in the mud of confusing drunks from the entertainment world.

~ Frank Sinatra was president with Sammy Davis, Jr., Dean Martin, Joey Bishop, and Peter Lawford. They were “a storied collection of debauchers.” Their time was divided between Hollywood and Las Vegas, propelled with copious boozing. Oddly, Marilyn Monroe is scarcely mentioned. Your reviewer has not been a big movie fan, but has had two stars ~ well, actually one star and another star’s first husband, as houseguests. Elizabeth Taylor spent an afternoon drinking wine with me in my living room. Marilyn Monroe’s first husband was a weekend guest when I lived in Baltimore. I didn’t know his background until he had returned

Anne Stinson began her career in the 1950s as a free lance for the now defunct Baltimore News-American, then later for Chesapeake Publishing, the Baltimore Sun and Maryland Public Television’s panel show, Maryland Newsrap. Now in her ninth decade, she still writes a monthly book review for Tidewater Times.

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TIDEWATER GARDENING

by K. Marc Teffeau, Ph.D.

Gardening in 2015 Happy New Year to all the avid gardeners out there! If you are like me, you are already anticipating a great gardening season for 2015. January is a slow time in the yard and garden and at times can be somewhat frustrating. All those seed and gardening supply catalogs that you have received in the mail, or e-mail offers, are already working up the desire to get out there and do something. Hopefully you received some nice gardening gifts for Christmas. If you have a new set of hand pruners or a saw, then on the nice sunny, somewhat mild winter days that we do experience in January you can go out and do some tree and shrub pruning. Prune out any dead wood or crossing branches and remember not to use tree paint. Painting pruning cuts with tar, pitch or shellac will inhibit the natural callousing process around the cut. I still do not understand why pruning paint is still sold in garden centers as its use is detri-

Now is the time to start going through all of those seed catalogs. mental in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;healingâ&#x20AC;? process of a pruning cut. Tree branches that cast excess shade over herbaceous flower beds should be removed in winter when they will not damage the bed as they fall. Remember that spring flowering shrubs should be pruned after they flower, not during the winter. You can now prune crepe myrtles, rose of Sharon, hibiscus, butterfly bush and hydrangeas if they need it. Vines that are strangling trees, such as bittersweet, Virginia creep81

Tidewater Gardening er, wild grape, poison ivy, wisteria and Japanese honeysuckle, should be cut off and removed during the winter while you can get to it.

New Year’s

Don’t forget to feed the birds and see that they have water. Birds like suet, fruit, nuts, and bread crumbs as well as bird seed. Remember to recycle your plant holiday decorations. Cut greenery used in ornaments can be used again in the garden. Wreaths and branches stripped from Christmas trees make excellent mulch for protecting newly planted ornamentals. Remove the material in the spring and compost it. While pruning, you might find strange looking objects on the twigs and stems of the shrubs and trees. Praying mantis egg cases are one of these objects that are often found. The cases are usually attached to twigs, small branches, wire trellises and similar objects. Most gardeners recognize this beneficial insect, but few know what the egg cases look like.

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The female mantis lays her eggs in a compact mass that is covered with a frothy substance. This soon hardens into a honey-colored object tightly fastened to a twig or similar tubular material. Each mass contains between 75 and 250 eggs that hatch in the spring. Don’t destroy the mantis eggs. If they’re on a twig that you are removing while pruning, cut the twig and place or tie it in a protected spot of the tree or shrub. If you take the egg case indoors, keep it refrigerated until warm weather returns next spring before setting it back in your garden. Parents like to bring the egg case in and show it to the kids. If you do that, don’t leave the case in the house. The eggs will hatch and one morning you will find your bowl of Cheerios populated by little tiny mantises. Trust me on this ~ been there, done that! While you are walking around your yard, check to see if any pe-

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rennials have been heaved by freezing and thawing of the soil. Firmly press down any that have lifted and cover with at least two inches of mulch. If you don’t do this, the exposed roots will dry out and the plant will die. Sometimes when we get a warmer temperature break at the end of January, some of the spring bulbs tend to nose out from under the protective mulch. Normally this is not a problem as the growing tip of the plant and the f lower bud is down inside the bulb. There are some inside gardening activities we can do. Remember that your house plants need some attention during the winter season. The low light level of winter calls for some adjustments in the placement of the houseplants. Bring plants which normally thrive on the north side of the house to east windows, while allowing the plants from the east more sun on the south side. Give the plants that usually are set on the tables away from direct light a short midwinter visit to a less exposed window sill.

Because the houseplants are not growing as fast in the winter as in the summer, they need little fertilization. Also, watch your watering. Over watering is the number one problem in the care of houseplants. Over watering will encourage root rot, so water only when the soil is dry to the touch. Turn and prune house plants regularly to keep

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Tidewater Gardening them shapely and check them for insect infestations. When we have extremely cold nights, draw the window shades or slip lengths of protective cardboard between the plants and the glass. Move the most tender plants away from the window pane on the coldest nights to prevent frostbite of the leaves. During the winter most houses are too dry for house plants. Humidity may be increased by placing plants on trays lined with pebbles and filled with water to within one half inch of the base of the pot. If you heat with wood, keep a pot of water on the stove. The added

Washing your houseplant can keep the leaf pores open. moisture will be healthier for you as well as your plants. When dusting the furniture, consider dusting the plants as well. With the short days of winter, light reduction must remain at a minimum. House plants with

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reau notes, coleus is a durable plant with significant gardening potential for a wide range of gardeners and garden situations. Coleus has a long history of use as a foliage plant, houseplant, container plant and an annual in flower beds. Coleus has gone through various phases of popularity over the past couple of centuries. They are native to tropical areas of Southeast Asia, India, Africa and Australia. Considered a herbaceous perennial in its native range, they are used primarily as annuals in the landscape in our area. The popularity of coleus seemed to dwindle in the early 20th century, and didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see much of a resurgence of use until the mid-20th

large leaves and smooth foliage (philodendrons, dracaena, rubber plant, etc.) especially benefit if their leaves are washed at intervals to remove dust and grime, helping to keep the leaf pores open. A very common and easy to take care of houseplant is the coleus. They come in many different color variations and leaf textures and shapes. Did you know that the coleus is a member of the mint family? They have the characteristic square stems and opposite leaves of that group of plants. Other names for coleus are painted nettle or poor manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s croton. The National Gardening Bureau has chosen coleus as their annual of the year for 2015. As the National Gardening Bu-

Tidewater Gardening century when uniform, seed-grown varieties became more popular. In the 1980s, as more gardeners realized the full potential of this spectacular plant, the coleus boom was re-initiated and the past two decades have seen an amazing number of introductions in both seed and vegetative offerings. While modern coleus breeding still focuses on new selections for the home gardener featuring new color combinations and foliage characteristics, other features of consideration have become more prominent. There is certainly a focus on breeding new trailing types for more sun tolerance that will ex-

Color variations of the leaves of the coleus can be quite spectacular.

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Tidewater Gardening pand their use to the brighter portions of our gardens. The primary ornamental feature of coleus is the foliage that can be green, pink, yellow, orange, red, dark maroon (near black), brown, cream and white. While some gardeners will leave the small f lowers, the National Gardening Bureau recommends that you pinch these off to encourage more energy into stem and foliage growth and not f lowering. Pinching directs the plant to put energy into additional branching and foliage creation, thereby creating a fuller plant. When pinching off f lowers, do so throughout the entire summer to

Coleus can be a beautiful addition to any landscape. create a full, lush plant. Pinch just above a set of leaves or branching junction for the best appearance (don’t leave a stub!). Coleus color intensity may be affected by sunlight, heat sensi-

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Coleus has long been considered a shade plant, but will thrive in part shade and dappled shade. Coleus are quite tolerant of a wide range of soil conditions and will do well in even average conditions. Plant coleus after any danger of frost has passed when soil temperatures have warmed sufficiently and evening temperatures are above 60 degrees F. For more information on the use of coleus in the landscape, check out the NGB website at http://ngb.org/year_of/ index.cfm. Happy Gardening!

tivity and other conditions. Bright sunlight can create a saturation of color and the difference in appearance for most varieties in part shade versus full sun is noticeable. The term â&#x20AC;&#x153;sun coleusâ&#x20AC;? refers to selections that have been observed to tolerate more direct sunlight, although moisture considerations become even more important in those locations. Darker cultivars tend to tolerate more sun with the lighter varieties benefitting from some degree of shade to minimize leaf scorching. Morning sun and dappled afternoon shade tends to maintain consistent foliage coloration. The underside of the leaf may also feature an alternate color that can be a contributing factor visually as well.

Marc Teffeau, Ph.D., retired as the Director of Research and Regulatory Affairs at the American Nursery and Landscape Association in Washington, D.C. He now lives in Georgia with his wife, Linda.

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Dorchester Points of Interest bridge in Maryland after the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. A life-long resident of Dorchester County, Senator Malkus served in the Maryland State Senate from 1951 through 1994. Next to the Malkus Bridge is the 1933 Emerson C. Harrington Bridge. This bridge was replaced by the Malkus Bridge in 1987. Remains of the 1933 bridge are used as fishing piers on both the north and south bank of the river. LAGRANGE PLANTATION - Home of the Dorchester County Historical Society, LaGrange Plantation offers a range of local history and heritage on its grounds. The Meredith House, a 1760’s Georgian home, features artifacts and exhibits on the seven Maryland governors associated with the county; a child’s room containing antique dolls and toys; and other period displays. The Neild Museum houses a broad collection of agricultural, maritime, industrial, and Native American artifacts, including a McCormick reaper (invented by Cyrus McCormick in 1831). The Ron Rue exhibit pays tribute to a talented local decoy carver with a re-creation of his workshop. The Goldsborough Stable, circa 1790, includes a sulky, pony cart, horsedriven sleighs, and tools of the woodworker, wheelwright, and blacksmith. For more info. tel: 410-228-7953 or visit dorchesterhistory.org.

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DORCHESTER COUNTY VISITOR CENTER - The Visitors Center in Cambridge is a major entry point to the lower Eastern Shore, positioned just off U.S. Route 50 along the shore of the Choptank River. With its 100foot sail canopy, it’s also a landmark. In addition to travel information and exhibits on the heritage of the area, there’s also a large playground, garden, boardwalk, restrooms, vending machines, and more. The Visitors Center is open daily from 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. For more information about Dorchester County call 800-522-8687 or visit www.tourdorchester.org or www.tourchesapeakecountry.com. SAILWINDS PARK - Located at 202 Byrn St., Cambridge, Sailwinds Park has been the site for popular events such as the Seafood Feast-I-Val in August, Crabtoberfest in October and the Grand National Waterfowl Hunt’s Grandtastic Jamboree in November. For more info. tel: 410-228SAIL(7245) or visit www.sailwindscambridge.com. CAMBRIDGE CREEK - a tributary of the Choptank River, runs through the heart of Cambridge. Located along the creek are restaurants where you can watch watermen dock their boats after a day’s work on the waterways of Dorchester. HISTORIC HIGH STREET IN CAMBRIDGE - When James Michener was doing research for his novel Chesapeake, he reportedly called

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Dorchester Points of Interest Cambridge’s High Street one of the most beautiful streets in America. He modeled his fictional city Patamoke after Cambridge. Many of the gracious homes on High Street date from the 1700s and 1800s. Today you can join a historic walking tour of High Street each Saturday at 11 a.m., April through October (weather permitting). For more info. tel: 410-901-1000. SKIPJACK NATHAN OF DORCHESTER - Sail aboard the authentic skipjack Nathan of Dorchester, offering heritage cruises on the Choptank River. The Nathan is docked at Long Wharf in Cambridge. Dredge for oysters and hear the stories of the working waterman’s way of life. For more info. and schedules tel: 410-228-7141 or visit www.skipjack-nathan.org. CHOPTANK RIVER LIGHTHOUSE REPLICA - Located at Long Wharf Park in Cambridge. The replica of a six-sided screwpile lighthouse was completed in fall 2012. The lighthouse includes a small museum, with exhibits about the original lighthouse’s history and the area’s maritime heritage. The original lighthouse once stood between Castle Haven and Benoni Points on the Choptank River, near the mouth of the Tred Avon River and was built in 1871. For more info. tel: 410-228-4031 or visit www. lighthousefriends.com. DORCHESTER CENTER FOR THE ARTS - Located at 321 High Street in Cambridge, the Center offers monthly gallery exhibits and shows, extensive art classes, and special events, as well as an artisans’ gift shop with an array of items created by local and regional artists. For more info. tel: 410-228-7782 or visit www.dorchesterarts.org. RICHARDSON MARITIME MUSEUM - Located at 401 High St., Cambridge, the Museum makes history come alive for visitors in the form of exquisite models of traditional Bay boats. The Museum also offers a collection of boatbuilders’ tools and watermen’s artifacts that convey an understanding of how the boats were constructed and the history of their use. The Museum’s Ruark Boatworks facility, located on Maryland Ave., is passing on the knowledge and skills of area boatwrights to volunteers and visitors alike. Watch boatbuilding and restoration in action. For more info. tel: 410-221-1871 or visit www.richardsonmuseum.org. HARRIET TUBMAN MUSEUM & EDUCATIONAL CENTER The Museum and Educational Center is developing programs to preserve the history and memory of Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. The museum is open Tuesday through Saturday. Local tours by appointment are available. The Museum and Educational Center, located at 424 Race St., Cambridge, is one of the stops on the “Finding a Way to Freedom” 98

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Dorchester Points of Interest self-guided driving tour. For more info. tel: 410-228-0401 or visit www. harriettubmanorganization.org. SPOCOTT WINDMILL - Since 1972, Dorchester County has had a fully operating English style post windmill that was expertly crafted by the late master shipbuilder, James B. Richardson. There has been a succession of windmills at this location dating back to the late 1700’s. The complex also includes an 1800 tenant house, one-room school, blacksmith shop, and country store museum. The windmill is located at 1625 Hudson Rd., Cambridge. HORN POINT LABORATORY - The Horn Point Laboratory offers public tours of this world-class scientific research laboratory, which is affiliated with the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. The 90-minute walking tour shows how scientists are conducting research to restore the Chesapeake Bay. Horn Point Laboratory is located at 2020 Horns Point Rd., Cambridge, on the banks of the Choptank River. For more info. and tour schedule tel: 410-228-8200 or visit www.umces.edu/hpl. THE STANLEY INSTITUTE - This 19th century one-room African American schoolhouse, dating back to 1865, is one of the oldest Maryland

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schools to be organized and maintained by a black community. Between 1867 and 1962, the youth in the African-American community of Christ Rock attended this school, which is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Tours available by appointment. The Stanley Institute is located at the intersection of Route 16 West & Bayly Rd., Cambridge. For more info. tel: 410-228-6657. OLD TRINITY CHURCH in Church Creek was built in the 17th century and perfectly restored in the 1950s. This tiny architectural gem continues to house an active congregation of the Episcopal Church. The old graveyard around the church contains the graves of the veterans of the American Revolution, the War of 1812, and the American Civil War. This part of the cemetery also includes the grave of Maryland’s Governor Carroll and his daughter Anna Ella Carroll who was an advisor to Abraham Lincoln. The date of the oldest burial is not known because the wooden markers common in the 17th century have disappeared. For more info. tel: 410-228-2940 or visit www.oldtrinity.net. BUCKTOWN VILLAGE STORE - Visit the site where Harriet Tubman received a blow to her head that fractured her skull. From this injury Harriet believed God gave her the vision and directions that inspired her to guide so many to freedom. Artifacts include the actual newspaper ad offering a

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Dorchester Points of Interest reward for Harriet’s capture. Historical tours, bicycle, canoe and kayak rentals are available. Open upon request. The Bucktown Village Store is located at 4303 Bucktown Rd., Cambridge. For more info. tel: 410-901-9255. HARRIET TUBMAN BIRTHPLACE - “The Moses of her People,” Harriet Tubman was believed to have been born on the Brodess Plantation in Bucktown. There are no Tubman-era buildings remaining at the site, which today is a farm. Recent archeological work at this site has been inconclusive, and the investigation is continuing, although there is some evidence that points to Madison as a possible birthplace. BLACKWATER NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE - Located 12 miles south of Cambridge at 2145 Key Wallace Dr. With more than 25,000 acres of tidal marshland, it is an important stop along the Atlantic Flyway. Blackwater is currently home to the largest remaining natural population of endangered Delmarva fox squirrels and the largest breeding population of American bald eagles on the East Coast, north of Florida. There is a full service Visitor Center and a four-mile Wildlife Drive, walking trails and water trails. For more info. tel: 410-228-2677 or visit www.fws.gov/blackwater. EAST NEW MARKET - Originally settled in 1660, the entire town is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Follow a self-guided walking tour to see the district that contains almost all the residences of the original founders and offers excellent examples of colonial architecture. For more info. visit http://eastnewmarket.us. HURLOCK TRAIN STATION - Incorporated in 1892, Hurlock ranks as the second largest town in Dorchester County. It began from a Dorchester/Delaware Railroad station built in 1867. The Old Train Station has been restored and is host to occasional train excursions. For more info. tel: 410-943-4181. VIENNA HERITAGE MUSEUM - The Vienna Heritage Museum displays the Elliott Island Shell Button Factory operation. This was the last surviving mother-of-pearl button manufacturer in the United States. Numerous artifacts are also displayed which depict a view of the past life in this rural community. The Vienna Heritage Museum is located at 303 Race St., Vienna. For more info. tel: 410-943-1212 or visit www.viennamd.org. LAYTON’S CHANCE VINEYARD & WINERY - This small farm winery, minutes from historic Vienna at 4225 New Bridge Rd., opened in 2010 as Dorchester County’s first winery. For more info. tel. 410-228-1205 or visit www.laytonschance.com. 102

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Easton Points of Interest Historic Downtown Easton is the county seat of Talbot County. Established around early religious settlements and a court of law, today the historic district of Easton is a centerpiece of fine specialty shops, business and cultural activities, unique restaurants and architectural fascination. Tree-lined streets are graced with various period structures and remarkable homes, carefully preser ved or restored. Because of its historical significance, Easton has earned distinction as the “Colonial Capital of the Eastern Shore” and was honored as #8 in the book, “The 100 Best Small Towns in America.” Walking Tour of Downtown Easton Start near the corner of Harrison Street and Mill Place. 1. HISTORIC TIDEWATER INN - 101 E. Dover St. A completely modern hotel built in 1949, it was enlarged in 1953 and has recently undergone extensive renovations. It is the “Pride of the Eastern Shore.” 2. THE BULLITT HOUSE - 108 E. Dover St. One of Easton’s oldest and most beautiful homes, it was built in 1801. It is now occupied by the Mid-Shore Community Foundation. 3. AVALON THEATRE - 42 E. Dover St. Constructed in 1921 during the heyday of silent films and vaudeville entertainment. Over the course of its history, it has been the scene of three world premiers, including “The First Kiss,” starring Fay Wray and Gary Cooper, in 1928. The theater has gone through two major restorations: the first in 1936, when it was refinished in an art deco theme by the Schine Theater chain, and again 52 years later, when it was converted to a performing arts and community center. For more info. tel: 410-822-0345 or visit www. avalontheatre.com. 4. TALBOT COUNTY VISITORS CENTER - 11 S. Harrison St. The Office of Tourism provides visitors with county information for historic Easton and the waterfront villages of Oxford, St. Michaels and Tilghman Island. For more info. tel: 410-770-8000 or visit www.tourtalbot.org. 5. BARTLETT PEAR INN - 28 S. Harrison St. Significant for its architecture, it was built by Benjamin Stevens in 1790 and is one of Easton’s earliest three-bay brick buildings. The home was “modernized” with Victorian bay windows on the right side in the 1890s. 105

Easton Points of Interest 6. WATERFOWL BUILDING - 40 S. Harrison St. The old armory is now the headquarters of the Waterfowl Festival, Easton’s annual celebration of migratory birds and the hunting season, the second weekend in November. For more info. tel: 410-822-4567 or visit www. waterfowlfestival.org. 7. ACADEMY ART MUSEUM - 106 South St. Accredited by the American Association of Museums, the Academy Art Museum is a fine art museum founded in 1958. Providing national and regional exhibitions, performances, educational programs, and visual and performing arts classes for adults and children, the Museum also offers a vibrant concert and lecture series and an annual craft festival, CR AFT SHOW (the Eastern Shore’s largest juried fine craft show), featuring local and national artists and artisans demonstrating, exhibiting and selling their crafts. The Museum’s permanent collection consists of works on paper and contemporary works by American and European masters. Mon. through Thurs. 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Friday, Saturday, Sunday 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. First Friday of each month open until 7 p.m. For more info. tel: (410) 822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org.

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Easton Points of Interest 8. CHRIST CHURCH - St. Peter’s Parish, 111 South Harrison St. The Parish was founded in 1692 with the present church built ca. 1840, of Port Deposit granite. 9. TALBOT HISTORICAL SOCIET Y - Located in the heart of Easton’s historic district. Enjoy an evocative portrait of everyday life during earlier times when visiting the c. 18th and 19th century historic houses, all of which surround a Federal-style garden. For more info. tel: 410-822-0773 or visit www.hstc.org. Tharpe Antiques and Decorative Arts is now located at 25 S. Washington St. Consignments accepted by appointment, please call 410-820-7525. Proceeds support the Talbot Historical Society. 10. ODD FELLOWS LODGE - At the corner of Washington and Dover streets stands a building with secrets. It was constructed in 1879 as the meeting hall for the Odd Fellows. Carved into the stone and placed into the stained glass are images and symbols that have meaning only for members. See if you can find the dove, linked rings and other symbols. 11. TALBOT COUNTY COURTHOUSE - Long known as the “East Capital” of Maryland. The present building was completed in 1794 on the

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Easton Points of Interest site of the earlier one built in 1711. It has been remodeled several times. 11A. FREDERICK DOUGLASS STATUE - 11 N. Washington St. on the lawn of the Talbot County Courthouse. The statue honors Frederick Douglass in his birthplace, Talbot County, where the experiences in his youth ~ both positive and negative ~ helped form his character, intellect and determination. Also on the grounds is a memorial to the veterans who fought and died in the Vietnam War, and a monument “To the Talbot Boys,” commemorating the men from Talbot who fought for the Confederacy. The memorial for the Union soldiers was never built. 12. SHANNAHAN & WRIGHTSON HARDWARE BUILDING 12 N. Washington St. It is the oldest store in Easton. In 1791, Owen Kennard began work on a new brick building that changed hands several times throughout the years. Dates on the building show when additions were made in 1877, 1881 and 1889. The present front was completed in time for a grand opening on Dec. 7, 1941 - Pearl Harbor Day. 13. THE BRICK HOTEL - northwest corner of Washington and Federal streets. Built in 1812, it became the Eastern Shore’s leading hostelry. When court was in session, plaintiffs, defendants and lawyers

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all came to town and shared rooms in hotels such as this. Frederick Douglass stayed in the Brick Hotel when he came back after the Civil War and gave a speech in the courthouse. It is now an office building. 14. THOMAS PERRIN SMITH HOUSE - 119 N. Washington St. Built in 1803, it was the early home of the newspaper from which the Star-Democrat grew. In 1911, the building was acquired by the Chesapeake Bay Yacht Club, which occupies it today. 15. ART DECO STORES - 13-25 Goldsborough Street. Although much of Easton looks Colonial or Victorian, the 20th century had its influences as well. This row of stores has distinctive 1920s-era white trim at the roofline. It is rumored that there was a speakeasy here during Prohibition. 16. FIRST MASONIC GR AND LODGE - 23 N. Harrison Street. The records of Coats Lodge of Masons in Easton show that five Masonic Lodges met in Talbot Court House (as Easton was then called) on July 31, 1783 to form the first Grand Lodge of Masons in Maryland. Although the building where they first met is gone, a plaque marks the spot today. This completes your walking tour. 17. FOXLEY HALL - 24 N. Aurora St., Built about 1795, Foxley Hall is one of the best-known of Easton’s Federal dwellings. Former home of

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Easton Points of Interest Oswald Tilghman, great-grandson of Lt. Col. Tench Tilghman. (Private) 18. TRINITY EPISCOPAL CATHEDR AL - On “Cathedral Green,” Goldsborough St., a traditional Gothic design in granite. The interior is well worth a visit. All windows are stained glass, picturing New Testament scenes, and the altar cross of Greek type is unique. 19. INN AT 202 DOVER - Built in 1874, this Victorian-era mansion ref lects many architectural styles. For years the building was known as the Wrightson House, thanks to its early 20th century owner, Charles T. Wrightson, one of the founders of the S. & W. canned food empire. Locally it is still referred to as Captain’s Watch due to its prominent balustraded widow’s walk. The Inn’s renovation in 2006 was acknowledged by the Maryland Historic Trust and the U.S. Dept. of the Interior. 20. TALBOT COUNTY FREE LIBRARY - Housed in an attractively remodeled building on West Street, the hours of operation are Mon. and Thurs., 9 a.m. to 8 p.m., Tues. and Wed. 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. and Fri. and Sat., 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., except during the summer when it’s 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Saturday. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www.tcf l.org. 21. MEMORIAL HOSPITAL AT EASTON - Established in the early

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1900s, now one of the finest hospitals on the Eastern Shore. Memorial Hospital is part of the Shore Health System. www.shorehealth.org. 22. THIRD HAVEN MEETING HOUSE - Built in 1682 and the oldest frame building dedicated to religious meetings in America. The Meeting House was built at the headwaters of the Tred Avon: people came by boat to attend. William Penn preached there with Lord Baltimore present. Extensive renovations were completed in 1990. 23. TALBOT COMMUNITY CENTER - The year-round activities offered at the community center range from ice hockey to figure skating, aerobics and curling. The Center is also host to many events throughout the year, such as antique, craft, boating and sportsman shows. Near Easton 24. PICKERING CREEK - 400-acre farm and science education center featuring 100 acres of forest, a mile of shoreline, nature trails, low-ropes challenge course and canoe launch. Trails are open seven days a week from dawn till dusk. Canoes are free for members. For more info. tel: 410-822-4903 or visit www.pickeringcreek.org. 25. W YE GRIST MILL - The oldest working mill in Maryland (ca. 1682), the f lour-producing “grist” mill has been lovingly preserved by

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Easton Points of Interest The Friends of Wye Mill, and grinds f lour to this day using two massive grindstones powered by a 26 horsepower overshot waterwheel. For more info. visit www.oldwyemill.org. 26. W YE ISL A ND NATUR AL RESOURCE MA NAGEMENT AREA - Located between the Wye River and the Wye East River, the area provides habitat for waterfowl and native wildlife. There are 6 miles of trails that provide opportunities for hiking, birding and wildlife viewing. For more info. visit www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/eastern/wyeisland.asp. 27. OLD WYE CHURCH - Old Wye Church is one of the oldest active Anglican Communion parishes in Talbot County. Wye Chapel was built between 1718 and 1721 and opened for worship on October 18, 1721. For more info. visit www.wyeparish.org. 28. WHITE MARSH CHURCH - The original structure was built before 1690. Early 18th century rector was the Reverend Daniel Maynadier. A later provincial rector (1764–1768), the Reverend Thomas Bacon, compiled “Bacon’s Laws,” authoritative compendium of Colonial Statutes. Robert Morris, Sr., father of Revolutionary financier is buried here.

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On the broad Miles River, with its picturesque tree-lined streets and beautiful harbor, St. Michaels has been a haven for boats plying the Chesapeake and its inlets since the earliest days. Here, some of the handsomest models of the Bay craft, such as canoes, bugeyes, pungys and some famous Baltimore Clippers, were designed and built. The Church, named “St. Michael’s,” was the first building erected (about 1677) and around it clustered the town that took its name. 1. WADES POINT INN - Located on a point of land overlooking majestic Chesapeake Bay, this historic inn has been welcoming guests for over 100 years. Thomas Kemp, builder of the original “Pride of Baltimore,” built the main house in 1819. For more info. visit www.wadespoint.com. 117

St. Michaels Points of Interest 2. HARBOURTOWNE GOLF RESORT - Bay View Restaurant and Duckblind Bar on the scenic Miles River with an 18 hole golf course. For more info. visit www.harbourtowne.com. 3. MILES RIVER YACHT CLUB - Organized in 1920, the Miles River Yacht Club continues its dedication to boating on our waters and the protection of the heritage of log canoes, the oldest class of boat still sailing U. S. waters. The MRYC has been instrumental in preserving the log canoe and its rich history on the Chesapeake Bay. For more info. visit www.milesriveryc.org. 4. THE INN AT PERRY CABIN - The original building was constructed in the early 19th century by Samuel Hambleton, a purser in the United States Navy during the War of 1812. It was named for his friend, Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry. Perry Cabin has served as a riding academy and was restored in 1980 as an inn and restaurant. For more info. visit www.perrycabin.com. 5. THE PARSONAGE INN - A bed and breakfast inn at 210 N. Talbot St., was built by Henry Clay Dodson, a prominent St. Michaels businessman and state legislator around 1883 as his private residence. In 1877, Dodson,

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St. Michaels Points of Interest along with Joseph White, established the St. Michaels Brick Company, which later provided the brick for the house. For more info. visit www. parsonage-inn.com. 6. FREDERICK DOUGLASS HISTORIC MARKER - Born at Tuckahoe Creek, Talbot County, Douglass lived as a slave in the St. Michaels area from 1833 to 1836. He taught himself to read and taught in clandestine schools for blacks here. He escaped to the north and became a noted abolitionist, orator and editor. He returned in 1877 as a U.S. Marshal for the District of Columbia and also served as the D.C. Recorder of Deeds and the U.S. Minister to Haiti. 7. CHESAPEAKE BAY MARITIME MUSEUM - Founded in 1965, the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum is dedicated to preserving the rich heritage of the hemisphere’s largest and most productive estuary - the Chesapeake Bay. Located on 18 waterfront acres, its nine exhibit buildings and floating fleet bring to life the story of the Bay and its inhabitants, from the fully restored 1879 Hooper Strait lighthouse and working boatyard to the impressive collection of working decoys and a recreated waterman’s shanty. Home to the world’s largest collection of Bay boats, the Museum regularly hosts temporary exhibitions, special events, festivals, and education programs. Docking and pump-out facilities available. Exhibitions and Museum Store open year-round. Up-to-date information and hours can be found on the Museum’s website at www.cbmm.org or by calling 410-745-2916. 8. THE CRAB CLAW - Restaurant adjoining the Maritime Museum and overlooking St. Michaels harbor. Open March-November. 410-7452900 or www.thecrabclaw.com. 9. PATRIOT - During the season (April-November) the 65’ cruise boat can carry 150 persons, runs daily historic narrated cruises along the Miles River. For daily cruise times, visit www.patriotcruises.com or call 410-745-3100. 10. THE FOOTBRIDGE - Built on the site of many earlier bridges, today’s bridge joins Navy Point to Cherry Street. It has been variously known as “Honeymoon Bridge” and “Sweetheart Bridge.” It is the only remaining bridge of three that at one time connected the town with outlying areas around the harbor. 11. VICTORIANA INN - The Victoriana Inn is located in the Historic District of St. Michaels. The home was built in 1873 by Dr. Clay Dodson, a druggist, and occupied as his private residence and office. In 1910 the property, then known as “Willow Cottage,” underwent alterations when 120

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St. Michaels Points of Interest acquired by the Shannahan family who continued it as a private residence for over 75 years. As a bed and breakfast, circa 1988, major renovations took place, preserving the historic character of the gracious Victorian era. For more info. visit www.victorianainn.com. 12. HAMBLETON INN - On the harbor. Historic waterfront home built in 1860 and restored as a bed and breakfast in 1985 with a turn-ofthe-century atmosphere. For more info. visit www.hambletoninn.com. 13. SNUGGERY B&B - Oldest residence in St. Michaels, c. 1665. The structure incorporates the remains of a log home that was originally built on the beach and later moved to its present location. www.snuggery1665.com. 14. LOCUST STREET - A stroll down Locust Street is a look into the past of St. Michaels. The Haddaway House at 103 Locust St. was built by Thomas L. Haddaway in the late 1700s. Haddaway owned and operated the shipyard at the foot of the street. Wickersham, at 203 Locust Street, was built in 1750 and was moved to its present location in 2004. It is known for its glazed brickwork. Hell’s Crossing is the intersection of Locust and Carpenter streets and is so-named because in the late 1700’s, the town was described as a rowdy one, in keeping with a port town where sailors

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St. Michaels Points of Interest would come for a little excitement. They found it in town, where there were saloons and working-class townsfolk ready to do business with them. Fights were common especially in an area of town called Hells Crossing. At the end of Locust Street is Muskrat Park. It provides a grassy spot on the harbor for free summer concerts and is home to the two cannons that are replicas of the ones given to the town by Jacob Gibson in 1813 and confiscated by Federal troops at the beginning of the Civil War. 15. FREEDOMS FRIEND LODGE - Chartered in 1867 and constructed in 1883, the Freedoms Friend Lodge is the oldest lodge existing in Maryland and is a prominent historic site for our Black community. It is now the site of Blue Crab Coffee Company. 16. TALBOT COUNTY FREE LIBRARY - St. Michaels Branch is located at 106 S. Fremont Street. For more info. tel: 410-745-5877 or visit www.tcfl.org. 17. CARPENTER STREET SALOON - Life in the Colonial community revolved around the tavern. The traveler could, of course, obtain food, drink, lodging or even a fresh horse to speed his journey. This tavern was built in 1874 and has served the community as a bank, a newspaper

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St. Michaels Points of Interest office, post office and telephone company. For more info. visit www. carpenterstreetsaloon.com. 18. TWO SWAN INN - The Two Swan Inn on the harbor served as the former site of the Miles River Yacht Club, was built in the 1800s and was renovated in 1984. It is located at the foot of Carpenter Street. For more info. visit www.twoswaninn.com. 19. TARR HOUSE - Built by Edward Elliott as his plantation home about 1661. It was Elliott and an indentured servant, Darby Coghorn, who built the first church in St. Michaels. This was about 1677, on the site of the present Episcopal Church (6 Willow Street, near Locust). 20. CHRIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH - 301 S. Talbot St. Built of Port Deposit stone, the present church was erected in 1878. The first is believed to have been built in 1677 by Edward Elliott. For more info. tel: 410-745-9076. 21. THE OLD BRICK INN - Built in 1817 by Wrightson Jones, who opened and operated the shipyard at Beverly on Broad Creek. (Talbot St. at Mulberry). For more info. visit www.oldbrickinn.com. 22. THE CANNONBALL HOUSE - When St. Michaels was shelled by the British in a night attack in 1813, the town was â&#x20AC;&#x153;blacked outâ&#x20AC;? and

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St. Michaels Points of Interest lanterns were hung in the trees to lead the attackers to believe the town was on a high bluff. The houses were overshot. The story is that a cannonball hit the chimney of “Cannonball House” and rolled down the stairway. This “blackout” was believed to be the first such “blackout” in the history of warfare. 23. AMELIA WELBY HOUSE - Amelia Coppuck, who became Amelia Welby, was born in this house and wrote poems that won her fame and the praise of Edgar Allan Poe. 24. TOWN DOCK RESTAUR ANT - During 1813, at the time of the Battle of St. Michaels, it was known as “Dawson’s Wharf” and had 2 cannons on carriages donated by Jacob Gibson, which fired 10 of the 15 rounds directed at the British. For a period up to the early 1950s it was called “The Longfellow Inn.” It was rebuilt in 1977 after burning to the ground. For more info. visit www.towndockrestaurant.com. 25. ST. MICHAELS MUSEUM at ST. MARY’S SQUARE - Located in the heart of the historic district, offers a unique view of 19th century life in St. Michaels. The exhibits are housed in three period buildings and contain local furniture and artifacts donated by residents. The museum is supported entirely through community efforts. For more info. tel: 410745-9561 or www.stmichaelsmuseum.org. 26. KEMP HOUSE - Now a country inn. A Georgian style house, constructed in 1805 by Colonel Joseph Kemp, a revolutionary soldier and hero of the War of 1812. For more info. visit www.kemphouseinn.com. 27. THE OLD MILL COMPLEX - The Old Mill was a functioning flour mill from the late 1800s until the 1970s, producing flour used primarily for Maryland beaten biscuits. Today it is home to a brewery, distillery, artists, furniture makers, and other unique shops and businesses. 28. ST. MICHAELS HARBOUR INN, MARINA & SPA - Constructed in 1986 and recently renovated. For more info. visit www. harbourinn.com. 29. ST. MICHAELS NATURE TRAIL - The St. Michaels Nature Trail is a 1.3 mile paved walkway that winds around the western side of St. Michaels starting at a dedicated parking lot on S. Talbot St. across from the Bay Hundred swimming pool. The path cuts through the woods, San Domingo Park, over a covered bridge and past a historic cemetery before ending in Bradley Park. The trail is open all year from dawn to dusk. 128

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Oxford Points of Interest Oxford is one of the oldest towns in Maryland. Although already settled for perhaps 20 years, Oxford marks the year 1683 as its official founding, for in that year Oxford was first named by the Maryland General Assembly as a seaport and was laid out as a town. In 1694, Oxford and a new town called Anne Arundel (now Annapolis) were selected the only ports of entry for the entire Maryland province. Until the American Revolution, Oxford enjoyed prominence as an international shipping center surrounded by wealthy tobacco plantations. Today, Oxford is a charming tree-lined and waterbound village with a population of just over 700 and is still important in boat building and yachting. It has a protected harbor for watermen who harvest oysters, crabs, clams and fish, and for sailors from all over the Bay. 1. TENCH TILGHMAN MONUMENT - In the Oxford Cemetery the Revolutionary War hero’s body lies along with that of his widow. Lt. Col. Tench Tilghman carried the message of Cornwallis’ surrender from Yorktown,

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Oxford Points of Interest VA, to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Across the cove from the cemetery may be seen Plimhimmon, home of Tench Tilghman’s widow, Anna Marie Tilghman. 2. THE OXFORD COMMUNITY CENTER - This former, pillared brick schoolhouse was saved from the wrecking ball by the town residents. Now it is a gathering place for meetings, classes, lectures, and performances by the Tred Avon Players and has been recently renovated. Rentals available to groups and individuals. 410-226-5904 or www.oxfordcc.org. 3. THE COOPERATIVE OXFORD LABORATORY - U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Maryland Department of Natural Resources located here. 410-226-5193 or www.dnr.state.md.us/fisheries/oxford. 3A. U.S. COAST GUARD STATION - 410-226-0580. 4. CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY - Founded in 1851. Designed by esteemed British architect Richard Upton, co-founder of the American Institute of Architects. It features beautiful stained glass windows by the acclaimed Willet Studios of Philadelphia. www.holytrinityoxfordmd.org.

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5. OXFORD TOWN PARK - Former site of the Oxford High School. Recent restoration of the beach as part of a “living shoreline project” created 2 terraced sitting walls, a protective groin and a sandy beach with native grasses which will stop further erosion and provide valuable aquatic habitat. A similar project has been completed adjacent to the ferry dock. A kayak launch site has also been located near the ferry dock. 6. OXFORD MUSEUM - Morris & Market Sts. Devoted to the preservation of artifacts and memories of Oxford, MD. Admission is free; donations gratefully accepted. For more info. and hours tel: 410-226-0191 or visit www.oxfordmuseum.org. 7. OXFORD LIBRARY - 101 Market St. Founded in 1939 and on its present site since 1950. Hours are Mon.-Sat., 10-4. 8. BRATT MANSION (ACADEMY HOUSE) - 205 N. Morris St. Served as quarters for officers of the Maryland Military Academy. Built about 1848. (Private residence) 9. BARNABY HOUSE - 212 N. Morris St. Built in 1770 by sea captain Richard Barnaby, this charming house contains original pine woodwork, corner fireplaces and an unusually lovely handmade staircase. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places. (Private residence) Tidewater Residential Designs since 1989

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Oxford Points of Interest 10. THE GRAPEVINE HOUSE - 309 N. Morris St. The grapevine over the entrance arbor was brought from the Isle of Jersey in 1810 by Captain William Willis, who commanded the brig “Sarah and Louisa.” (Private residence) 11. THE ROBERT MORRIS INN - N. Morris St. & The Strand. Robert Morris was the father of Robert Morris, Jr., the “financier of the Revolution.” Built about 1710, part of the original house with a beautiful staircase is contained in the beautifully restored Inn, now open 7 days a week. Robert Morris, Jr. was one of only 2 Founding Fathers to sign the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, and the United States Constitution. 410-226-5111 or www.robertmorrisinn.com. 12. THE OXFORD CUSTOM HOUSE - N. Morris St. & The Strand. Built in 1976 as Oxford’s official Bicentennial project. It is a replica of the first Federal Custom House built by Jeremiah Banning, who was the first Federal Collector of Customs appointed by George Washington. 13. TRED AVON YACHT CLUB - N. Morris St. & The Strand. Founded in 1931. The present building, completed in 1991, replaced the original structure.

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Oxford Points of Interest 14. OXFORD-BELLEVUE FERRY - N. Morris St. & The Strand. Started in 1683, this is believed to be the oldest privately operated ferry in the United States. Its first keeper was Richard Royston, whom the Talbot County Court “pitcht upon” to run a ferry at an unusual subsidy of 2,500 pounds of tobacco. Service has been continuous since 1836, with power supplied by sail, sculling, rowing, steam, and modern diesel engine. Many now take the ride between Oxford and Bellevue for the scenic beauty. 15. BYEBERRY - On the grounds of Cutts & Case Boatyard. It faces Town Creek and is one of the oldest houses in the area. The date of construction is unknown, but it was standing in 1695. Originally, it was in the main business section but was moved to the present location about 1930. (Private residence) 16. CUTTS & CASE - 306 Tilghman St. World-renowned boatyard for classic yacht design, wooden boat construction and restoration using composite structures. Some have described Cutts & Case Shipyard as an American Nautical Treasure because it produces to the highest standards quality work equal to and in many ways surpassing the beautiful artisanship of former times.

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www.tidewatertimes.com Tides · Business Links · Story Archives Area History · Travel & Tourism 136

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Tilghman’s Island “Great Choptank Island” was granted to Seth Foster in 1659. Thereafter it was known as Foster’s Island, and remained so through a succession of owners until Matthew Tilghman of Claiborne inherited it in 1741. He and his heirs owned the island for over a century and it has been Tilghman’s Island ever since, though the northern village and the island’s postal designation are simply “Tilghman.” For its first 175 years, the island was a family farm, supplying grains, vegetables, fruit, cattle, pigs and timber. Although the owners rarely were in residence, many slaves were: an 1817 inventory listed 104. The last Tilghman owner, General Tench Tilghman (not Washington’s aide-de-camp), removed the slaves in the 1830s and began selling off lots. In 1849, he sold his remaining interests to James Seth, who continued the development. The island’s central location in the middle Bay is ideally suited for watermen harvesting the Bay in all seasons. The years before the Civil War saw the influx of the first families we know today. A second wave arrived after the War, attracted by the advent of oyster dredging in the 1870s. Hundreds of dredgers and tongers operated out of Tilghman’s Island, their catches sent to the cities by schooners. Boat building, too, was an important industry. The boom continued into the 1890s, spurred by the arrival of steamboat service, which opened vast new markets for Bay seafood. Islanders quickly capitalized on the opportunity as several seafood buyers set up shucking and canning operations on pilings at the edge of the shoal of Dogwood Cove. The discarded oyster shells eventually became an island with seafood packing houses, hundreds of workers, a store, and even a post office. The steamboats also brought visitors who came to hunt, fish, relax and escape the summer heat of the cities. Some families stayed all summer in one of the guest houses that sprang up in the villages of Tilghman, Avalon, Fairbank and Bar Neck. Although known for their independence, Tilghman’s Islanders enjoy showing visitors how to pick a crab, shuck an oyster or find a good fishing spot. In the twentieth century, Islanders pursued these vocations in farming, on the water, and in the thriving seafood processing industry. The “Tilghman Brand” was known throughout the eastern United States, but as the Bay’s bounty diminished, so did the number of water-related jobs. Still, three of the few remaining Bay skipjacks (sailing dredgeboats) can be seen here, as well as two working harbors with scores of power workboats. 139

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot by Gary D. Crawford

What you are doing right now, as your eyes slide along this line of print, is quite a wondrous thing. You are reading. That is, you are scanning a line of squiggles and converting them into meaning. It’s fundamentally a decoding process. But how do we do that? We’re not really reading language, of course, for language is speech. We’re reading writing, which is a way of recording language, of freezing it so it can be saved or moved across space or time. Without some way to record language, messages cannot be transmitted to anyone who is out of the range of our voice. Language developed a very long time ago, though we don’t really know when. After all, how could we know? Some experts say it was 2.5 million years ago; others think it was just 1.8 million years ago. (I put it somewhere between the two, on a Thursday.) By comparison, w riting came along just yesterday, a mere 6,000 years ago. Many human societies never developed a way to record their language, and that is a terrific limitation. The Inca did pretty well without it, but if knowledge can only be passed on by word of mouth, it is difficult to build on one another’s work. When the last speakers of an

unwritten language die, so does the language ~ as if it had never existed. This happened to many Native American groups and language extinction continues today in remote places like New Guinea. Edison’s invention of the phonograph, the “sound-writer,” made it possible to record the sounds of speech directly. Still, writing remains crucial. Once a culture has a writing system, the adults teach it to the children. Learning to read (decode), and then to write (encode), is one of the great achievements of childhood, a necessary rite of passage. Typically, learning to read is something of a two-step process. We “sound out” the word (making the sound of each letter), and then when we can recognize the sound of the word, that’s when we get the meaning. Those who are struggling to read sometimes move their lips, a clear indication of that symbol-to-sound, sound-to-meaning decoding process. Eventually, we can skip the sounds and reading becomes a process of word recognition. But unfamiliar words we still have to sound out. How the heck do you pronounce the Irish name Saoirse? (It’s SEER-sha, by the way.) Human writing systems are won-

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot derfully diverse. Some, like ours, spell out the individual sounds of words with squiggles called letters. Our set of Latin letters was derived from the Greek letter-set, which began with the letters alpha and beta. Oddly, since we never came up with a name for our set of letters, we still refer to it as the “alphabet.” This system really is quite efficient. With just 26 letters we can write the entire English vocabulary ~ and that is really saying something. Were you aware that on June 10, 2009 (at 10:22 am) the number of English words passed the 1,000,000 mark, as calculated by the Global Language Monitor? (There a re

thousands more by now.) We borrow words from everywhere and make up new ones all the time, quite shamelessly. It’s what makes English such a rich and global language.

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot O ver 250 million people in Eastern Europe and north-central A sia use t he C y r i l lic a lphabet. It works the same way, with letters representing the indiv idual sounds; their 33 squiggles are just somewhat different. Korean has a ver y logical way of w r iting, called hangul. They have just 24 sound-let ters, but t hey ar range t hem in block s of t wo or t h re e let ter s i n ste ad of all in a straight line. Each block spells the sound of a syllable. For example, the word hangul consists of two syllables, “han” and “gul,” both having three sounds. Using our let ters, it would be w r it ten like this:

Using their letters, it looks like this:

The hangul w riting system is pretty clever, I think. It may look like Chinese, but it isn’t. It’s not even close. The traditional Chinese writing system is not an alphabet of any sort. It does not represent the sounds of the spoken language. The Chinese characters are symbols, not letters that convey language sounds. They are logograms that convey meanings, ideas, physical objects, logical associations, and conceptual relationships. I don’t pretend to understand it, but it has been around for over 5,000 years. One advantage to a system repre sent i ng me a n i ng s i n ste ad of sounds is that people who speak different Chinese languages (like Mandarin and Wu) could read the

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same Beijing Times newspaper. (They couldn’t read it aloud to one another, however.) The down-side to this system is that they must have command of a vast number of squiggles, some of which are wonderfully complex. For example, this means “love.” And remember, there can be no “sounding out.” Those poor Chinese kids simply have to memorize these characters, hundreds and hundreds of them. An educated Chinese knows around 4,000 different characters. Just imagine their keyboards! We s hou ld n’t ge t to o s mu g , t houg h. We a l l k now t here a re massive problems with our writing system. Everyone agrees that English spelling is a complete mess, so I’ll just give you one sentence to ponder. “They said the bough fell and broke the trough, though I thought it wasn’t that heavy.” Imagine a foreign student trying to read that one aloud. As kids we had to learn all the dumb rules ~ “i” before “e” except after “c,”and so on ~ each with a myriad of exceptions. When I was in the second grade, I can recall being really angry that the word “any” was spelled with an “a” instead of an “e.” Go figure. Moreover, we have no letter at all for many features of spoken English, and this is where punctuation comes in. We may have just 26 letters, but we need 14 punctuation marks to make the written language understandable. One example is ~ wait

A Chinese keyboard...okay, not really, but can you imagine that laptop? for it ~ the pause, which we indicate with commas, dashes, and periods. We sometimes underline words or use funny slanted letters to indicate emphasis or to differentiate. (Oh, my dear, you used to go with that guy?) Proper punctuation isn’t just a topic to confound schoolchildren. Simple periods and capital letters can be really important. Consider this letter from Gloria: “Dear John, I want a man who knows what love is. All about you are generous, kind, thoughtful people, who are not like you. Admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me. For other men, I yearn. For you, I have no feelings whatsoever. When we’re apart, I can be forever happy. Will you let me be? Yours, Gloria” For t u nately, Joh n k new t hat Gloria had terrible problems with punctuation, so he telephoned her and asked her to read the message aloud. This is what she said: “Dear John, I want a man who

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot knows what love is all about. You are generous, kind, thoughtful. People who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me for other men. I yearn for you. I have no feelings whatsoever when we’re apart. I can be forever happy. Will you let me be yours? Gloria” This is a gag, of course, but it demonstrates how much of our spoken language is conveyed by punctuation or capitalization, rather than by the letters themselves. A great deal of meaning in speech is conveyed by “stress” and “pitch” ~ little changes in volume or tone. Stress and pitch can’t be spelled, so we write “What?” and “WHAT?” to get those ideas across. In speech we indicate a question with a rise in pitch; in writing, a special question mark is required. Recently, young people have started using a rising pitch with statements. (It is most annoying.) Here are three phrases that illustrate a more subtle example of stress: “The white house,” “The White house,” and “The White House.” The first refers to a house that is white, the second to the house belonging to the White family, and the third to the President’s home. When said aloud (go ahead, nobody’s listening), we hear the tiny variations that signal the differences in meaning, yet when written they differ only in capitalization. Speaking of punctuation, there’s that dad-blasted apostrophe. Whole 146

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot books have been written about it, but it is used properly for just three purposes. (1) It shows possession (Bob’s head is too big). (2) It shows where a letter is missing because we have dropped a sound in speech (Bob can’t get his hat on anymore). (3) It indicates plurals for non-words (All Bob’s hats are now 16’s and 17’s.) Number 3 strikes me as bogus and unnecessary, for I see nothing wrong with writing “Bob’s head began to expand in the 1990s.” Couldn’t we learn to mind our Ps and Qs? There are two other reasons why the apostrophe is such a HUGE problem. First, it is the only difference in writing between two very common English words: “its” and “it’s.” They are identical in speech but different in meaning: “its” is simply a possessive pronoun like his or hers. (It’s a shame that Bob’s head is so big, but its shape is all wrong, too.) [IMPORTANT NOTE: By now, I trust you have spotted the punctuation mistake in the title of this article. It is intentional, so please do not call me to gloat. I just wanted to see if you were paying attention.] The other huge problem involving the apostrophe is that “’s” comes at the ends of words, which is exactly where we also add an “-s” or “-es” to mark the plural. This leads to some very strange spellings, most often seen on signs. Consider these four gems.

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Writing ~ Its a Hoot Number 1 was spotted on a camper. I really like No. 2, for it expanded my sense of just how many mistakes could be made in only nine words. It also got me to wondering how “cruises’s” might be pronounced. Sign No. 3 shows why we need commas, for, as it reads, I doubt anyone in the world would qualify. As to No. 4, well, I find those quotation marks quite terrifying. To sum up, reading the written language is an amazing mental process that we too often take for granite. (Sorry.) You are taking meaning directly from these squiggles on the page without reference to the sound of the language. (Unless I see your lips moving.) To conclude this odd little essay, Gentle Reader, I offer you a present

It was a lovely pile of construction derbis.

~ a new word. This one has been part of my vocabulary since a faculty meeting a long while ago. Our boss was giving us a progress report on the new schoolhouse that was under construction. “The building is nearly complete,” he said with enthusiasm, “though there’s still a lot of derbis.” A colleague beside me leaned over and whispered, “Did he just say ‘derbis’?” “That’s what I heard,” I whispered back. A few minutes later, there it was again: “We’ll take the teachers out for a tour once the contractor removes the piles of derbis.” This affords us another insight into the relationship between the spoken and written language. You understand what had happened, I’m sure. The boss, an educated man with a Ph.D., certainly knew the word “debris” [de-BREE] in the spoken language. But when reading it in the written language, he somehow transposed the letters and thereby created the mythical word [der-bis]. We never corrected him, of course, and I gratefully adopted the new word. It is now firmly imbedded, I’m sorry to say, in the speech of several members of my family. And now I offer it to you. So, Happy New Year! Have a productive 2015. Let’s try not to stumble over the derbis. Gary Crawford and his wife, Susan, operate Crawfords Nautical Books, a unique bookstore on Tilghman’s Island.

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Pirates, Privateers and Blockade Runners of the Chesapeake Bay - Part I Blackbeard by Cliff Rhys James

He was wiry and tall ~ very tall ~ some say as much as 6 feet, 5 inches tall. On the severe features of his face he wore a look of bottled-up fury, while from the chin of that face the ribbon-tied braids of his thick beard hung down to his chest. He was smart and devious, and he did his best work at dawn or dusk when the spare illumination of the thin half-light helped conceal his whereabouts on the water’s vast expanse. They say civilization ends at the

waterline. Beyond that lies something called the law of the sea. Further still, far from the rules of landed society, where ancient Neptune rules the ocean’s deep blue depths, each man enters the food chain, and not always at the top. Even at night, especially at night, the pirate’s wild eyes f lashed like those of a demon blasting out madness through the smoke and fire of slow-burning cannon wicks hanging down near his face from the brim of

Blackbeard was a fearsome sight. 153

Blackbeard his favorite hat. It was a fiendishly effective form of intimidation heâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d devised to cultivate the terrifying image in which he delighted, and upon which he relied. More than once, his prey would describe first encountering him as if a frightful fury from hell had descended upon them. Friend and foe alike agreed, the towering man had a certain flare for the dramatic. He would board your ship fast, unannounced, uninvited, half loaded, but fully armed with a dagger clenched between his teeth, a cutlass in one hand and a pistol in the other. And just in case things went sideways, over his shoulder, within easy reach, he wore a silk sash of pistols hanging in holders like bandoliers ~ not to mention a long knife or two. Modern warriors might describe him as geared up in full battle rattle and ready for action. He was an 18th century one-man shock and awe campaign. By experiences he was inwardly steeled; by appearances he was outwardly insane ~ all to very good effect. The fierce visage and towering height, the weapons and burning cannon wicks, the shuddering sound of his high wild laugh, all of it coming at you from the black depths of a nervous night ~ it was designed to strike fear and terror into his enemies. And nine times out of ten it worked, giving serious

Blac k b e ardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s f lag ~ a he ar t pierced with a sword or knife symbolized a merciless death. A spear or dart showed a violent death. A heart leaking drops of blood showed a drawn-out and torturous death. An empty fist or cutlass in hand spoke of a swift death. Maybe you can see the theme of death here. pause to even the most reckless, barnacle encrusted sea dog. Some merchant ship crews would take one look at this flaming, smoking angel of terror and the shrieking devils who accompanied him brandishing knives, muskets and hand grenades, and surrender on the spot with not a shot fired. Which was precisely what the attacker intended. Indeed, the record shows he was a man of considerable restraint who judiciously employed physical force; a man who turned to violence only as a last resort. It seems he much preferred to terrorize rather than harm his victims. And, contrary to the stories of madness or tales of demonic possession that rode aloft on the intercontinental winds of

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Blackbeard rumor, history reveals he was not only a natural leader of men, but a clever strategist, a cagey improviser and an extraordinary risk taker. In other words, as a daring antihero he was quite impressive. Like those of Jesse James after him, his exploits were highly romanticized among Britain’s working class, and even for a time in the American colonies, so much so that he took on aspects of a Robin Hood-like figure in the public imagination. Exactly how far up into the Chesapeake Bay he sailed is a matter of dispute among historians. Whether his real name was Edward Teach is even questioned by some. Recently

unearthed materials indicate he may have hailed from the British port of Bristol, and more than likely went by the name Edward Thatch. What is known for certain is that for a brief period in the early part of the 18th century he was the most feared and famous pirate in the world. Government officials even organized a far flung expedition to take him ~ dead or alive. His legendary adventures would inspire the works of Robert Louis Stevenson as well as many other writers, musicians and film makers to follow through the centuries. History grants instant recognition to only a few who go by a single name; Houdini, Napoleon, Plato and Michelangelo are among them. So is the man who was known as Blackbeard

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Of all of the pirates and picaroons who ever plundered treasure or pillaged ports, Blackbeard is without question the most famous marauder of them all. (Take that, Calico Jack Rackham!) Some of his fabled rivals, such as Captain William Kidd and Sir Henry Morgan, weren’t really pirates. They were mercenaries who attacked enemy shipping while operating under authority granted by a sovereign. They were high seas adventurers with a legal writ, independent contractors, if you will, to whom history has assigned the label “privateers.” But bona fide, swashbuckling pirates, the kind fitted with a peg leg who wear a patch over one eye or a parrot on one shoulder ~ the kind that go “Aarrrhh,” those freebooters (there you go, there’s another term for them), they were sea roving desperados and outlaws. That is, they operated outside the law with no permission from any recognized authority. Histor y ’s ledger reve a ls t hat Blackbeard first appeared on the scene in December of 1716 as a lieutenant to Jamaican Privateer Benjamin Hornigold and that he commanded his ow n eight-gun, 90-man sloop. Prior to that, in 1713, after the War of Spanish Succession, he had probably been one of the 75 or so men who followed Hornigold to the ruined town of Nassau. The town would become a for tif ied pirate sanctuary from which daring brigands could strike into the Florida straits, a major seaway favored by 157

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Blackbeard merchant ships due to prevailing winds. The pickings were easy, and the proximity to the Bahamas meant the pirates could quickly return to their Caribbean redoubt. At the pinnacle of their prowess in 1717, pirates in general and Blackbeard most especially put a serious dent in the trans-Atlantic c om merc i a l ac t iv it ie s of t h r e e European empires. More than a mere nuisance, they proved to be a formidable challenge for even the likes of England’s Royal Navy. Whether hijacking ships on the high seas, occupying smaller colonial outposts or blockading larger ones, they grew into such a fearsome and looming presence that the governor of Bermuda expected an invasion at any time, while the governor of Pennsylvania worried publicly that they’d invade Philadelphia and burn it to the ground.

In early October of 1717, Blackbeard menaced Philadelphia and New York harbors as well as the sea lanes approaching the Chesapeake Bay. Always operating under the premise that a moving target is hard to find and harder still to hit, he never remained more than 48 hours in any one location while capturing 15 vessels. Unharmed but badly shaken sea captains staggered into the ports of Baltimore, New York and Philadelphia carrying with them tales of terror on the high seas. Then, little more than a month later, Blackbeard’s armada seized the French slave ship La Concorde near the Windward Islands. Here at last was a ship wor thy of his ambitions. It was big (at 250 tons she was the equal of most Royal Navy frigates); it was fast; and it was capable of being heavily armed (she had enough gun ports for 40 cannons). Working feverishly in a protected anchorage, in no time at

Queen Anne’s Revenge 158

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Blackbeard all Blackbeard’s crew refitted and renamed her Queen Anne’s Revenge. Aarrrhh….watch out world, Blackbeard was locked, loaded and ready to rock. And just how did he man the crew of such a formidable armada led by such a large ship? Pirate vessels were among the few ways that slaves of British colonies could free themselves. In fact, a significant number of pirates were themselves of African origin. Some witnesses would report that as many as 75 Africans served with Blackbeard ~ as pirates, not slaves. This, then, was a rough hewn meritocracy of sorts. If you were a daring man who could take orders and sometimes hold your liquor, if you could sail and fight, it didn’t matter what color you were. Records show that a large number of black pirates remained part of Blackbeard’s loyal inner circle up to his final day. From time to time, of course, things went badly and morale would decline ~ especially when, God forbid, they ran out of rum. His concerns during these dry episodes were recorded in a journal w ith notes such as “Rogues a plotting and great talk of separation abounds.” Or “A damned confusion has spread amongst us.” But here again his legendary resourcefulness proved more than a match for the problem, because each time the spirits of his

crew flagged beneath the weight of sobriety he managed to replenish the liquor supply on board and thus head off a mutiny. So what became of this colorful character of histor y? When and where did it all end? Blackbeard and many of his men eventually settled in Bath, North Carolina, a small backwater outpost near the Pamlico Sound, which at the time was the de facto capital of the colony. Here, despite attempts to foster an image as law-abiding men leading honest lives, they would occasionally slip out into the ocean to prey on merchant ships heading to and from the Chesapeake Bay. And while he was careful to maintain good relations with North Carolina Governor Charles Eden, the lieutenant governor of Virginia was a horse of a different color. Alexander Spotswood was his name, and he’d been closely monitoring Blackbeard’s comings and goings for months, even going so far as to send spies south into North Carolina. When complaints surfaced that Blackbeard had seized and plundered a French merchant ship named Rose Emelye on August 23 of 1718, Spotswood sprang into action. Supported by the captains of two naval frigates anchored in Hampton Roads, Virginia, he launched a two-phased attack. One captain led approximately 60 armed men overland on horseback, arriving in Bath six days later. The other, Lt. Robert Maynard, commanded

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Blackbeard an equal number of men in two sloops. When these ships arrived in the Outer Banks area, they spotted Blackbeard’s vessel anchored nearby. Blackbeard and about t went y of his men had spent the previous night drinking and would otherwise have been surprised had not Maynard’s men in their haste run one of the sloops aground during the attack. As they worked feverishly to free their vessel, Blackbeard maneuvered into position and broadsided them with cannon shot, killing and wounding many sailors. Heading for an open water escape, a musket ball disabled one of Blackbeard’s sails, cutting his

speed and allowing his pursuers to catch him. But as Maynard’s ship approached, Blackbeard suddenly swung about and unleashed another broadside, this time of grape shot followed by salvos of hand grenades. The withering hail of munitions killed or wounded twenty or more of Maynard’s crew. Peering through the ghostly billows of gun-powdered mist, Blackbeard decided it was time to board the naval vessel and secure victory. Pistol in hand, dagger clenched between his teeth and eyes f lashing wildly through the fire and smoke of burning cannon wicks he’d lit beneath the brim of his hat, Blackboard leapt aboard Maynard’s ship with his crew in tow. “Aarrrhh.”

Blackbeard’s final fight. 162

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Blackbeard The portals of hell had been thrown open and their furies loosed upon the man who would deign to conquer Blackbeard. Or so it seemed. But this would prove to be Blackbeard’s fatal and f inal mistake. In a surprise move, Maynard and over a dozen of his uninjured men suddenly rushed from their hiding spot in the sloop’s hold and threw t hem s el ve s i nto h a nd-to -h a nd combat w ith the pirates. In the midst of it all, he and Blackbeard faced off with swords. (You know all those shipboard fights you’ve seen in pirate films over the years. This was surely the template.) As the battle raged, the second naval sloop

pulled alongside and dozens more naval crewmen entered the fray. Despite their ferocity, the pirates were eventually overwhelmed, and Blackbeard was felled by five musket shots, in addition to nineteen laceration or stab wounds. He did not go easy; he did not go gentle into that good night. The exhausted and wounded but v ictorious May nard returned to Virginia with nine white and five black pr isoners from the pirate crew. As for Blackbeard himself, he was decapitated, his body heaved overboard into Pamlico Sound and his head mounted on the ship’s bowsprit for the return voyage. Still not satisfied, Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Alexander Spotswood

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site became known as Blackbeard’s point, and contrary to Spotswood’s intent, it served only to inf late the mythology surrounding the legendary raider. In fact, curious onlookers who came to see what was left of the famous pirate swore that if you listened very closely you could hear a gravely toned “Aarrrhhh” faintly echoing within a 20-foot radius of the pole. Blackbeard was decapitated and his head was mounted on the bowsprit of Maynard’s ship. would soon have Blackbeard’s head displayed on a tall pole at a busy intersection in Hampton Roads. The

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Queen Anne’s County The history of Queen Anne’s County dates back to the earliest Colonial settlements in Maryland. Small hamlets began appearing in the northern portion of the county in the 1600s. Early communities grew up around transportation routes, the rivers and streams, and then roads and eventually railroads. Small towns were centers of economic and social activity and evolved over the years from thriving centers of tobacco trade to communities boosted by the railroad boom. Queenstown was the original county seat when Queen Anne’s County was created in 1706, but that designation was passed on to Centreville in 1782. It’s location was important during the 18th century, because it is near a creek that, during that time, could be navigated by tradesmen. A hub for shipping and receiving, Queenstown was attacked by English troops during the War of 1812. Construction of the Federal-style courthouse in Centreville began in 1791 and is the oldest courthouse in continuous use in the state of Maryland. Today, Centreville is the largest town in Queen Anne’s County. With its relaxed lifestyle and tree-lined streets, it is a classic example of small town America. The Stevensville Historic District, also known as Historic Stevensville, is a national historic district in downtown Stevensville, Queen Anne’s County. It contains roughly 100 historic structures, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located primarily along East Main Street, a portion of Love Point Road, and a former section of Cockey Lane. The Chesapeake Heritage and Visitor Center in Chester at Kent Narrows provides and overview of the Chesapeake region’s heritage, resources and culture. The Chesapeake Heritage and Visitor Center serves as Queen Anne’s County’s official welcome center. Queen Anne’s County is also home to the Chesapeake Bay Environmental Center (formerly Horsehead Wetland Center), located in Grasonville. The CBEC is a 500-acre preserve just 15 minutes from the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. Over 200 species of birds have been recorded in the area. Embraced by miles of scenic Chesapeake Bay waterways and graced with acres of pastoral rural landscape, Queen Anne’s County offers a relaxing environment for visitors and locals alike. For more information about Queen Anne’s County, visit www.qac.org. 167

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Caroline County – A Perspective Caroline County is the very definition of a rural community. For more than 300 years, the county’s economy has been based on “market” agriculture. Caroline County was created in 1773 from Dorchester and Queen Anne’s counties. The county was named for Lady Caroline Eden, the wife of Maryland’s last colonial governor, Robert Eden (1741-1784). Denton, the county seat, was situated on a point between two ferry boat landings. Much of the business district in Denton was wiped out by the fire of 1863. Following the Civil War, Denton’s location about fifty miles up the Choptank River from the Chesapeake Bay enabled it to become an important shipping point for agricultural products. Denton became a regular port-of-call for Baltimore-based steamer lines in the latter half of the 19th century. Preston was the site of three Underground Railroad stations during the 1840s and 1850s. One of those stations was operated by Harriet Tubman’s parents, Benjamin and Harriet Ross. When Tubman’s parents were exposed by a traitor, she smuggled them to safety in Wilmington, Delaware. Linchester Mill, just east of Preston, can be traced back to 1681, and possibly as early as 1670. The mill is the last of 26 water-powered mills to operate in Caroline County and is currently being restored. The long-term goals include rebuilding the millpond, rehabilitating the mill equipment, restoring the miller’s dwelling, and opening the historic mill on a scheduled basis. Federalsburg is located on Marshyhope Creek in the southern-most part of Caroline County. Agriculture is still a major portion of the industry in the area; however, Federalsburg is rapidly being discovered and there is a noticeable influx of people, expansion and development. Ridgely has found a niche as the “Strawberry Capital of the World.” The present streetscape, lined with stately Victorian homes, reflects the transient prosperity during the countywide canning boom (1895-1919). Hanover Foods, formerly an enterprise of Saulsbury Bros. Inc., for more than 100 years, is the last of more than 250 food processors that once operated in the Caroline County region. Points of interest in Caroline County include the Museum of Rural Life in Denton, Adkins Arboretum near Ridgely, and the Mason-Dixon Crown Stone in Marydel. To contact the Caroline County Office of Tourism, call 410-479-0655 or visit their website at www.tourcaroline.com. 169

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Kent County and Chestertown at a Glance Kent County is a treasury of early American history. Its principal towns and back roads abound with beautiful old homes and historic landmarks. The area was first explored by Captain John Smith in 1608. Kent County was founded in 1642 and named for the shire in England that was the home of many of Kentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s earliest colonists. When the first legislature assembled in 1649, Kent County was one of two counties in the colony, thus making it the oldest on the Eastern Shore. It extended from Kent Island to the present boundary. The first settlement, New Yarmouth, thrived for a time and, until the founding of Chestertown, was the areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic, social and religious center. Chestertown, the county seat, was founded in 1706 and served as a port of entry during colonial times. A town rich in history, its attractions include a blend of past and present. Its brick sidewalks and attractive antiques stores, restaurants and inns beckon all to wander through the historic district and enjoy homes and places with architecture ranging from the Georgian mansions of wealthy colonial merchants to the elaborate style of the Victorian era. Second largest district of restored 18th-century homes in Maryland, Chestertown is also home to Washington College, the nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tenth oldest liberal arts college, founded in 1782. Washington College was also the only college that was given permission by George Washington for the use of his name, as well as given a personal donation of money. The beauty of the Eastern Shore and its waterways, the opportunity for boating and recreation, the tranquility of a rural setting and the ambiance of living history offer both visitors and residents a variety of pleasing experiences. A wealth of events and local entertainment make a visit to Chestertown special at any time of the year. For more information about events and attractions in Kent County, contact the Kent County Visitor Center at 410-778-0416, visit www. kentcounty.com or e-mail tourism@kentcounty.com. For information about the Historical Society of Kent County, call 410-778-3499 or visit www.kentcountyhistory.org/geddes.php. For information specific to Chestertown visit www.chestertown.com. 171

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JANUARY 2015 CALENDAR OF EVENTS Sun.

Mon.

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26  27

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13  14

20  21

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28 LAST QUARTER

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“Calendar of Events” notices - Please contact us at 410-226-0422, fax the information to 410-226-0411, write to us at Tidewater Times, P. O. Box 1141, Easton, MD 21601, or e-mail to info@tidewatertimes.com. The deadline is the 1st of the preceding month of publication (i.e., January 1 for the February issue). Daily Meeting: Mid-Shore Intergroup A lcoholics A nony mous meetings. For places and times, call 410-822-4226 or visit www. midshoreintergroup.org. Da i ly Meet ing: A l-A non. For meeting times and locations, v isit www.EasternShoreMDalanon.org. Every Thurs.-Sat. Amish Country Farmer’s Market in Easton. An indoor market offering fresh produce, meats, dairy products, furniture and more. 101 Marlboro Ave. For more info. tel: 410-822-8989.

Benson’s Reflection Thru Jan. 4 Exhibition: Benson’s Waterfowl ~ Selections from the Peg and Bob Keller Collection at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. For more info. tel: 410822-ARTS (2787) or visit www. academyartmuseum.org. Thru Jan. 4 Exhibition: Frank

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January Calendar Lloyd Wright ~ Architecture of the Interior at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org.

“Adrift” by Katherine Sevon. Thru Jan. 4 Exhibition: “Light” by the Tidewater Camera Club at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. For more info. tel: 410822-ARTS (2787) or visit www. academyartmuseum.org. Thru Feb. 27 Exhibit: Art Treasures - Winter Show: Small Works by Louis Escobedo and Chris Wilke at 717 Gallery in Easton. For more info. tel: 410-241-7020 or visit www.717gallery.com. Thru March 1 Exhibit: Bill Viola ~ The Dreamers at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Bill Viola is internationally recognized as one of today’s leading artists. Curator tour on Friday, Jan. 30 at noon. For more info. tel: 410-

822-ARTS (2787) or visit www. academyartmuseum.org. 1,8,15,22,29 Men’s Group Meeting at Evergreen: A Center for Balanced Living in Easton. 7:30 to 9 a.m. Weekly meeting where men can frankly and openly deal with issues in their lives. For more info. tel: 410-819-3395 or visit www.evergreeneaston.org. 2 Karaoke Happy Hour at Layton’s Chance Vineyard, Vienna. 6 to 10 p.m. Singing, dancing and good t i me s. Br i ng you r ow n dinner or snacks. For more info. tel: 410-228-1205 or visit www. laytonschance.com. 2 Dorchester Sw ingers Square Dance from 7:30 to 10 p.m. at Maple Elementary School, Egypt Rd., Cambridge. Refreshments provided. For more info. tel: 410-221-1978. 2,6,9,13,16,20,23,27,30 Free Blood Pressure Screening from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. at University of Maryland Shore Medical Center at Dorchester in Cambr idge. Screenings done in the lobby by DGH Auxiliar y members. For more info. tel: 410-228-5511. 2,9,16,23,30 Meeting: Fr iday Morning Artists at Joe’s Bagel Cafe in Easton. 8 a.m. For more info. tel: 410-673-1860 or visit

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www.FridayMorningArt ists. org. 2,9,16,23,30 Bingo! every Friday night at the Easton Volunteer Fire Department on Creamery Lane, Easton. Doors open at 6:30 p.m. and games start at 7:30 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-4848. 2,16 Meeting: Vets Helping Vets at the Hurlock American Legion #2 43 . 9 a .m. I n for m at ion a l meeting to help vets find services. For more info. tel: 410943-8205 after 4 p.m. 3 First Sat urday g uided wa lk. 10 a.m. at Adkins Arboretum, Ridgely. Free for members, $5 admission for non-members. For more info. tel: 410-634-2847, ext. 0 or visit www.adkinsarboretum.org.

CBMM Apprentice for a Day St. Michaels. Pre-registration required. For more info. tel: 410745-2916 and ask to speak with someone in the boatyard. 3,10,17,24,31 Mixed Level Yoga with Suzie Hurley at the Oxford Community Center every Saturday morning from 9:30 to 11 a.m. For more info. tel: 410-226-5904 or visit www.oxfordcc.org. 4

3,4,10,11,17,18,24,25,31,1 Apprentice for a Day Public Boatbuilding Program at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum,

T he Ta lb ot C i nem a S o c ie t y presents Breaking Away at the Avalon Theatre, Easton. 6 to 7:30 p.m. Dave (Dennis Christopher), 19, has just graduated from high school, with his 3 friends: the

featuring

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January Calendar comical Cyril (Daniel Stern, in his mov ie debut), the war mhe a r te d but shor t-temp er e d Moocher (Jackie Earle Haley), and the athletic, spitef ul but go o d-he a r te d M i ke (D en n i s Quaid). Dave enjoys bic ycle racing and hopes to race the Italians one day. For more info. tel: 410-924-5752 or visit www. talbotcinemasociety.org.

His work can be seen at www. joshuataylorphotography.com. For more info. tel: 410-822-5441 or visit www.tidewatercameraclub.org. 5,7,12,14,19,21,26,28 Free Blood Pressure Screening from 9 a.m. to noon at University of Maryla nd Shore Reg iona l He a lt h Diagnostic and Imaging Center, Easton. For more info. tel: 410820-7778. 5,12,19,26 Open Portrait Studio with Nancy Reybold at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 9:30 a.m. to noon. Museum membership required. For more info. tel: 410-822-0597.

Mike Vlahovich 5 Brown Bag Lunch at the Talbot Count y Free Librar y, St. Michaels featuring Mike Vlahovich, boat builder, fisherman and environmentalist. Noon. For more info. tel: 410-745-5877 or visit www.tcfl.org. 5 Lecture: Joshua Taylor to speak on Macro Photography at the Tidewater Camera Club, Talbot Community Center, Easton. 7 p.m. Taylorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s compelling images of architecture, garden and outdoor subjects convey his passion.

5,12,19,26 Open Studio and Live Model with Nancy Reybold at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 1 to 3:30 p.m. Museum membership required. For more info. tel: 410-822-0597. 5,12,19,26 Meeting: Overeaters Anonymous at UM Shore Medical Center in Easton. 5:15 to 6:15 p.m. For more info. visit www. oa.org. 5,12,19,26 Monday Night Trivia at the Market Street Public House, Denton. 7:30 to 9:30 p.m. Join host Norm Amorose for a funfilled evening. For more info. tel: 410-479-4720.

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January Calendar 6 Meeting: Breast Feeding Support Group from 10 to 11:30 a.m. at U M Shore Medical Center in Easton. For more info. tel: 410 -822-1000 or v isit www. shorehealth.org. 6 Meet the Creatures at the Talbot County Free Library, Easton. 4 p.m. Live turtles, snakes, and more from the Pickering Creek Audubon Center. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www. tcfl.org. 6,8,13,15 , 20, 22 , 27, 29 Adult Ballroom Classes with Amanda Showel l at t he Ac ademy A r t

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Museum, Easton. Tuesday and Thursday nights. For more info. tel: 410-482-6169 or visit www. dancingontheshore.com. 6,13,20,27 Storytime at the Talbot County Free Librar y, Easton. 10 a.m. for children under 5 accompanied by an adult. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www.tcfl.org. 6,13,20,27 Bingo! at Elks Lodge 1272, Cambridge. 7 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-221-6044. 6,20 Bereavement Support Group at the Dorchester Count y Librar y, Cambridge. 6 p.m. For more info. tel: 443-978-0218. 7 Nature as Muse at Adkins Arboretum, Ridgely. 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Enjoy writing as a way of exploring nature. For more info. tel: 410-634-2847, ext. 0 or visit www.adkinsarboretum.org. 7 Storytime at the Talbot County Free Librar y, St. Michaels at 10:30 a.m. Children 5 and under mu st b e ac c ompa n ie d by a n adult. For more info. tel: 410822-1626 or visit www.tcfl.org. 7 Meeting: Nar-Anon at Immanuel United Church of Christ, Cambridge. 7 p.m. For more info. tel: 1-800-477-6291 or visit www. nar-anon.org.

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7 Reik i Sha re at Evergreen: A Center for Balanced Living in Easton. 7:15 to 9:15 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-819-3395 or visit www.evergreeneaston.org. 7,14,21,28 Meeting: Wednesday Morning Artists. 8 a.m. at Creek Deli in Cambridge. No cost. For more info. visit www. wednesdaymorningartists.com or contact Nancy at ncsnyder@ aol.com or 410-463-0148. 7,14,21,28 Color Foundation for the Painter (Par t 2): a v ideo course on color with Stephen Quiller at the Ta lbot Count y Free Library, St. Michaels. 10 a.m. to noon. Each week Quiller will present a video lesson on watercolor. Artists may bring their own materials and follow along or just watch the presentation. Please pre-register for this program. For more info. tel: 410822-1626 or visit www.tcfl.org.

for grades 4-7 with Susan Horsey at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Thursdays from 3:45 to 5 p.m. $125 members, $135 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 8,15,22 ,29 Dog Walk ing w ith Vicki Arion at Adkins Arboretum, Ridgely. 10 to 10:45 a.m. For more info. tel: 410-634-2847, ext. 0 or visit www.adkinsarboretum.org. 9 Concert: Arty Hill in the Stoltz Listening Room, Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www. avalonfoundation.org.

7,14,21,28 Social Time for Seniors at the St. Michaels Community Center, 10:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-745-6073. 8 Blood Donation Drive at Immanuel United Church of Christ, Cambridge. Noon to 7:45 p.m. For more info. tel: 888-825-6638 or visit www.DelmarvaBlood.org. 8-March 5 After School Art Club 179

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January Calendar 9,23 Meeting: Vets Helping Vets at VFW Post 5246 in Federalsburg. 9 a.m. Informational meeting to help vets find services and information. For more info. tel: 410-943-8205 after 4 p.m. 9 -March 27 Home School A r t Classes with Constance Del Nero for ages 6 to 9 and Susan Horsey for ages 10+ at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Fridays from 1 to 2:30 p.m. $165 members, $175 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 10 Friends of the Librar y Second Saturday Book Sale at the Dorchester County Public Li-

brary, Cambridge. 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-2287331 or visit www.dorchesterlibrary.org. 10 Open Collage Studio with Susan Stewart at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Museum membership required. For more info. tel: 410-226-5742. 10 Best of Brunch: Cooking Demonstration and Lunch with celebrity chef Mark Salter at the Robert Morris Inn, Oxford. 10 a.m. demonstration, noon lunch. $68 per person w it h limited guest numbers. For more info. tel: 410-226-5111. 10 Workshop: Electronic Navigation for Non-Technical People at

Capt. Jerry Friedman of the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum to lead a workshop on Electronic Navigation for Non-Technical People. 180

the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, St. Michaels. 10 a.m. to noon. Participants will join Capt. Jerry Friedman, a USCGlicensed Master, as he provides short non-technical descriptions of how GPS, GPS chart plotters, radar, depth sounders and automated identification systems work. Class size is limited and pre-registration is required. $10 for members, $20 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-745-4980 or e-mail afad@cbmm.org. 10 Book Arts Studio with Lynn Reynolds at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 1 to 4 p.m. Museum membership required. For more info. tel: 410-757-5542. 10 Second Saturdays at the Artsway from 2 to 4 p.m., 401 Market Street, Denton. Interact w ith a r t i s t s a s t he y demon s t r ate their work. For more info. tel: 410 -479 -1009 or v isit www. carolinearts.org. 10 Second Saturday in Historic

Downtown Cambridge on Race, Poplar, Muir and High streets. Shops will be open late. Galleries will be opening new shows and holding receptions. Restaurants will feature live music. For more i n fo. v i sit w w w.c ambr idgemainstreet.com. 10 Concert: Ken and Brad Kolodner in the Stoltz Listening Room, Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundation. org. 10,24 Country Church Breakfast at Faith Chapel & Trappe United Methodist Churches in Wesley Ha l l, Trappe. 7:30 to 10:30 a.m. TUMC is also the home of “Martha’s Closet” Yard Sale and C om mu n it y O ut re ach Store, open during the breakfast and every Wednesday from 8:30 a.m. to noon. 10 thru March 8 Exhibit: Ellen Hill ~ Life Lines at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. For more

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January Calendar

Member reception on Jan. 9 from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Artist tour on Jan. 9 at 5 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org.

info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 10 thru April 5 Exhibit: Africa Now! Sub-Saharan Artwork from the World Bank at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Member reception on Jan. 9 from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Curator tour on Jan. 30 at noon. For more info. tel: 410822-ARTS (2787) or visit www. academyartmuseum.org. 10 thru April 12 Exhibit: The Art of Greg Mort ~ Selections from the Hickman Bequest III at the Academy Art Museum, Easton.

11 Pancake Breakfast at the Oxford Volunteer Fire Company. 8 to 11 a.m. Proceeds to benefit the Oxford Volunteer Fire Services. $8 for adults and $4 for children under 10. For more info. tel: 410226-5110. 12-Feb. 9 Exhibit: Evie Baskin at the Tidewater Inn Library Gallery in Easton. For more info. tel: 443-282-0548 or visit www. eviebaskin.com.

"Young and Restless, at Wolf Creek Equine" by Evie Baskin. 182

13,27 Buddhist Study Group at Evergreen: A Center for Balanced Living, Easton. 6:30 to 8 p.m. Open to the public. For more info. tel: 410-819-3395 or visit www.evergreeneaston.org. 13,27 Meeting: Tidewater Stamp Club at the Mayor and Council Bldg., Easton. 7:30 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-1371. 13-March 3 Class: Figure Drawing with Patrick Meehan at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Tuesdays from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. $245 members, $270 nonmembers. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org.

Photo by Jennifer Casey

The Bay Bridge 14 Lecture: Exploring the History of the Bay Bridge with author David Guth at the Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, St. Michaels. 2 to 3:30 p.m. Seating is limited so pre-registration is required. $6 members, $8 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-745-4941 or e-mail aspeight@cbmm.org.

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January Calendar 14 Meeting: Talbot Optimist Club at the Washington Street Pub, Easton. 6:30 p.m. For more i n fo. e -ma i l r vanemburgh@ leinc.com. 14,28 Chess Club from 1 to 3 p.m. at the St. Michaels Community Center. Players gather for friendly competition and instruction. For more info. tel: 410-745-6073. 14,28 Meeting: Choptank Writers Group from 3:30 to 5 p.m. at t he Dorchester Center for the Arts, Cambridge. Everyone interested in writing is invited to participate. For more info. tel: 443-521-0039. 14-Feb. 4 Class: Still Life Part 3 ~ Brass & Glass with Rita Curtis at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Wednesdays from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. $150 members, $180 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 15 Meeting: Stroke Survivors Support Group at Pleasant Day Medical Adult Day Care, Cambridge. 1 to 2 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-228-0190. 15 Class: Introduction to Adobe Illustrator at the Academy Art Mu-

seum, Easton. 4:30 to 6 p.m. Free but registration is required. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 15 Third Thursday in downtown Denton from 5 to 7 p.m. Shop for one-of-a-kind floral arrangements, gifts and home decor, dine out on a porch with views of the Choptank River, or enjoy a stroll around town as businesses extend their hours. For more info. tel: 410-479-0655. 15 Poetry Open Mic Night ~ for teens only ~ at the Talbot County Free Librar y, Easton. 5:30 to 7:30. Read and/or perform your favorite poem in front of an audience of your peers. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www.tcfl.org. 15 Lecture: Robbery and Recovery ~ Lynn H. Nicholas, Independent Researcher, author of The Rape of Europa at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 6 p.m. $15 Museum members, $20 nonmembers. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 15 Class: Introduction to Photoshop at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 6 to 8 p.m. Free but registration is required. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or

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visit academyartmuseum.org. 15-March 5 Class: Head Painting with Patrick Meehan at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Thursdays from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. $245 members, $270 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 16 Soup Day at the St. Michaels Community Center. Choose from three delicious soups for lunch. $6 meal deal. Each meal comes w ith a bowl of soup, roll and drink. Take out or eat in. For more info. tel: 410-745-6073. 16 Pro Bono Legal Clinic at the Dorchester County Public Library. 1 to 3 p.m. on the third Friday of each month. For more info. tel: 410-690-8128. 16 Concert: Stephane Wrembel in the Stoltz Listening Room, Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundat ion.org.

16-Feb. 1 Play: Lost in Yonkers at the Church Hill Theatre, Church Hill. A Pulitzer Prize w inner by America’s great comic playwright, Neil Simon, this memory play is set in 1942 Yonkers, New York. For more info. on times and ticket prices tel: 410-556-6003 or visit www.churchhilltheatre. org. 16-Feb. 6 Class: Explorations with Colored Pencil with Constance Del Nero at the Academy A rt Museum, Easton. Fridays from 9:30 a.m. to noon. $120 members, $145 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 17 Class: Introduction to Pho t o s h o p at t h e A c a d e m y A r t Mu seu m, E a ston. 10 a.m. to noon. Free but registration is required. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 17 The Met: Live in HD with The

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January Calendar Merry Widow by Lehar at the Avalon Theatre, Easton. 1 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundation. org. 17 Class: Introduction to Adobe Illustrator at the Academy Art Museu m, Ea ston. 12:30 to 2 p.m. Free but registration is required. For more info. tel: 410822-ARTS (2787) or visit www. academyartmuseum.org. 17 Eyewitness Weather Movie at the Talbot County Free Library, St. Michaels. 2 p.m. Take a whirlwind tour of Earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s turbulent atmosphere and discover the forces that make the day fair or foul. For ages 7 and older. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www.tcfl.org. 17 Concert: Jim Fodrie and Abby Cureton in the Stoltz Listening

Room, Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundation.org. 17,24 Class: Introduction to Bookbinding with Elizabeth McKee at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. 10 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. $100 members, $125 non-members. For more info. tel: 410 -822ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 17-Feb. 14 2nd Annual Winter Challenge ~ A Painting a Day for 30 Days! with Diane DuBoius Mullaly and Katie Cassidy at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Sat u rd ays f rom 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. $175 members, $200 nonmembers. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 20 Family Craf ts at the Talbot Count y Free Librar y, St. Michaels. 3 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www. tcfl.org. 20,27,3 Academy for Lifelong Learning: Book Club ~ Ozekiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s A Tale for the Time Being with Margot Miller at the Talbot Senior Center Conference Room, Easton. 1 to 3 p.m. For enrollment details tel: 410-745-4941.

Jim Fodrie and Abby Cureton

21 Meeting: Dorchester Caregivers 186

Support Group from 3 to 4 p.m. at Pleasant Day Adult Medical Day Care, Cambridge. For more info. tel: 410-228-0190. 21-Feb. 25 Class: Pastel ~ Creating Strong and Vibrant Compositions in Still Life and Landscape with Katie Cassidy at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Wednesdays from 9:45 a.m. to 1 p.m. $195 members, $220 nonmembers. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 22 Academy for Lifelong Learning: How U.S. Newspapers Covered the War of 1812 ~ A Retrospective View of the Second War of American Independence w ith Steven Goldman at the Oxford Community Center. 10:30 a.m. to noon. For enrollment details tel: 410-745-4941. 22-Feb. 5 Class: How to Tame Your Camera ~ Beginning Photography with Sahm Doherty-Sefton at the Academy Art Museum,

Easton. Thursdays from 6 to 8 p.m. $100 members, $125 nonmembers. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 22-Feb. 26 Class: Intro to Cartooning Using Adobe Illustrator with Christopher Pittman. Thursdays from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. $100 members, $110 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 22-Feb. 26 Class: Painting Using Photoshop with Christopher Pittman. Thursdays from 6 to 8 p.m. at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. $150 members, $185 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org. 23 Academy for Lifelong Learning: The Sheldon Goldgeier Lecture Series Meet the Author ~ Bill Peake, The Oblateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Confession in the Van Lennep Auditorium,

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January Calendar Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, St. Michaels. 1 to 2:30 p.m. For enrollment details tel: 410-745-4941.

23 25th Annual Spaghetti Dinner at St. Lukeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s United Methodist Church, St. Michaels. Fantastic food, family fun and fine fellowship from 4:30 to 7:30 p.m. All you can eat for $11 (children 11 a nd under $3). Ta ke - out s available. For more info. tel: 410-745-2534. 23 Concert: Toby Walker in the Stoltz Listening Room, Avalon

Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundation.org. 24 Workshop: Plotting and Structuring a Novel with the Eastern Shore Writers Association from 9 a.m. to noon at the Holiday Inn Express, Seaford, DE. Members and non-members are welcome to participate. $30 members, $40 non-members. For more info. e-mail sweeneygr@aol.com or tel: 410-934-7537. 24 Workshop: Genealogy and Family Histor y sponsored by The Oxford Museum and the Oxford Community Center. 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Oxford Community Center. The sessions of the workshop are Strategies for Researching African-American Ancestors Before 1870, Introduction to Genealogy, Advanced Research Techniques and Researching Eastern Shore and Tidewater Families. $10 per session or $20 for the full program. Advanced registration is required by Jan. 17. For more info. tel: 410-2260191 or e -m a i l O x ford _ Museum@verizon.net. 24 Family Craf ts at the Talbot County Free Librar y, Easton. 10 to 11:30 a.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-1626 or visit www. tcfl.org.

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24 Concert: Sarah Borges w ith Girls, Guns & Glory in the Stoltz Listening Room, Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www. avalonfoundation.org. 24 Concert: The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra at Chesapeake College, Wye Mills. 8 p.m. $40 or $10 for students. For more info. tel: 410-827-5867. 26-Mar. 9 Academy for Lifelong Learning: Everyone Has a Story Worth Telling with Glory Aiken in the Dorchester House, Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum, St. Michaels. 6 sessions on Mondays, excluding Feb. 16. 9:30 to

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January Calendar 11:30 a.m. For enrollment details tel: 410-745-4941. 27 Lecture: The Japanese Art of Flower Arranging with Sheila Advanti at the Talbot County Free Library, Easton. 1:30 p.m. Sponsored by the Talbot County Garden Club. Free and open to the public. Advanti will explain Ikebana and demonstrate the Japanese art of flower arranging. For more info. e-mail pvkeeton@ yahoo.com. 27 Meeting: Breast Cancer Support Group at UM Regional Breast Center, Easton. 6 to 7:30 p.m.

For more info. tel: 410 -8221000, ext. 5411. 27 Meeting: Women Supporting Women, lo c a l bre a st c a nc er support group, meets at Christ Episcopal Church, Cambridge. 6:30 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-463-0946. 30 “Among Friends” With Sleuths, Lies and A libis at the Talbot County Free Library, Easton. Join the Friends of the Library for the second annual fundraising event. Enjoy wine and hors d’oeuvres with the likes of Nick and Nora Charles, Nancy Drew, and Phrynne Fisher. $50 in advance. For more info. tel: 410-725-6775.

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31 Bay Rockfish: Cooking Demonstration and Lunch with celebrity chef Mark Salter at the Robert Morris Inn, Oxford. 10 a.m. demonstration, noon lunch. $68 per person w it h limited guest numbers. For more info. tel: 410-226-5111. 31 The Met: Live in HD with Les Contes Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Hoffman by Offenbach at the Avalon Theatre, Easton. 1 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit www.avalonfoundation.org. 31 Concert: Charlie Mars at the Avalon Theatre, Easton. 8 p.m. For more info. tel: 410-822-7299 or visit avalonfoundation.org.

Charlie Mars 31, Feb. 7 Class: Play with Clay for Kids with Dawn Malosh at the Academy Art Museum, Easton. Ages 7 to 13. 10 a.m. to noon. $50 members, $55 non-members. For more info. tel: 410-822-ARTS (2787) or visit www.academyartmuseum.org.

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