2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Page 1

Original N-Bar Genetics

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Sinclair 2012 Female Sale Sinclair 2012 Female Sale 1RY ‡ 1RRQ ‡ % %XIIIDOOR : :\RPLLQJ 1RY ‡ 1RRQ ‡ % %XIIIDOOR : :\RPLLQJ 5HJLVWHUHG $QJXV )HPDOHV 6HOO 5HJLVWHUHG $QJXV )HPDOHV 6HOO +HLIHU &DOYHV ‡ %UHG +HLIHUV ‡ &RZV B+HLIHU &DOYHV ‡ %UHG +HLIHUV ‡ &RZV uffalo Livestock Auction • Auctioneer Roger Jacobs Buffalo Livestock Auction • Auctioneer Roger Jacobs Featuring cow families backed by generations of deeply Featuring families backed by generations of deeply embeddedcow reproductive eďŹƒciency and carcass value embedded reproductive eďŹƒciency and carcass value

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6481Buck Buck Valley Valley Road Road Je 6481 Je Ward Ward••O: O:(717) (717)294-6991 294-6991 Warfordsburg, PA PA 17267 17267 F: (717) 294-6990 Warfordsburg, F: (717) 294-6990 C: C: (301) (301)964-7423 964-7423 E: jward@sinclaircattle.com PO Box 1158 E: jward@sinclaircattle.com PO Box 1158 Jack Clark Bualo, WY 82834 Jack Clark Bualo, WY 82834 C: (717) 658-6435 C: (717) 658-6435 Jack Clark Bualo, WY 82834

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Lewis Hagen Lewis Hagen Western Operations Mgr. Western Operations Mgr. O:O: (307) 587-3169 (307) 587-3169 C: (406) 539-1748 C: (406) 539-1748 E: lhagen@sinclaircattle.com E: lhagen@sinclaircattle.com Tom Elliott • Program Advisor Tom Elliott • Program Advisor E: lhagen@sinclaircattle.com Tom Elliott • Program Advisor

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 1

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INSIDE THIS SPECIAL EDITION...

2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Producers

Tri-State Livestock News SERVING THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY

10 Continuous improvement of the herd keeps the Weller family on top of the game

FOR FIVE DECADES

By Gayle Smith

10

18 Johnsons taking on the challenge By Amanda Radke

1501 5th Ave Suite 101 Belle Fourche, SD 57717 Publisher: SABRINA “BREE” POPPE Cell (605) 639-0356 – Office (877) 347-9104 spoppe@tsln-fre.com

18

Forage & Feeding

Editor: RIATA LITTLE Cell (605) 569-6856 – Office (877) 347-9103 editorial@tsln-fre.com or rlittle@tsln-fre.com Assistant Editor: CARRIE STADHEIM cstadheim@tsln-fre.com

28 Winter feed sources 28

Western producers get creative, plan ahead to secure winter feed By Heather Hamilton

Graphic Designer: SHARLA HAYFORD (866) 347-9132 – sharla.boyd@tsln-fre.com

36 Mineral imbalances during a drought: Testing Is Key By Jan Swan Wood 42

36

42 Feeding solutions in a drought By Amanda Radke

48 Plan ahead to prepare cattle for winter 48

By Gayle Smith

Business & Management 56 National Beef Quality Audit calls for cattlemen to get engaged By Amanda Radke

56

66 Input management Maximum efficiency means survivability in agriculture By Heather Hamilton

74 Don’t dry up your bank account in the drought By Amanda Radke

66

74

80 Hotlander cattle might offer a potential crossbreeding option By Loretta Sorensen

Livestock Marketing Department: Field Service & Ringmen SCOTT DIRK Cell (605) 456-1499 – Office (877) 347-9117 sdirk@tsln-fre.com DAN PIROUTEK (605) 544-3316 – dpiroutek@tsln-fre.com CHRIS EFFLING (605) 769-0142 – ceffling@tsln-fre.com In-House Advertising Sales for NE & Livestock Marketing Department Coordinator: CARISSA LEE (877) 347-9114 – clee@tsln-fre.com Special Projects Coordinator & Account Manager: DIANNA PALMER SD – N. of I-90 West of the River (877) 347-9112 – dpalmer@tsln-fre.com Account Manager: SUSAN CABLE SD – S. of I-90 Rosebud East Territory (888) 648-4449 – scable@tsln-fre.com Major Accounts Manager: SARAH SWENSON Wyoming & Montana (855) 370-0539 – sswenson@tsln-fre.com Classifieds: classifieds@tsln-fre.com Classified Sales Manager: ELLEN DOOLEY (877) 347-9120 – edooley@tsln-fre.com KELSEY SNYDER (877) 347-9109 – kesnyder@tsln-fre.com TREVOR BENNETT (877) 347-9102 – tbennett@tsln-fre.com KELSEY ANTUNA (877) 347-9106 – kantuna@tsln-fre.com MAIN LINE: (877) 347-9122 COPYRIGHT. All Rights Reserved.

80

ON THE COVER:

Photo by Heather Hamilton

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 7

ERRORS:

The Tri-State Livestock News & Farmer & Rancher Exchange shall be responsible for errors or omissions in connection with an advertisement only to the extent of the space covered by the error. Opinions stated in letters or signed columns do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of Tri-State Livestock News.

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 9

Weller Angus enrolled in the Angus Source program about five years ago. Being in the program has allowed the family to sell their calves for an additional $5-$10 a cwt, and given them priceless carcass data and feeding information from the calves. Courtesy photo/ Weller family

Continuous Improvement of the herd keeps the Weller family on top of the game

Some of the Angus bulls that will be sold by the Weller family on Dec. 11 at Philip Livestock Auction. Courtesy photo/ Weller family

By Gayle Smith

W

hen Bill Weller watches one of his customer’s group of calves top the sale, it makes him proud. Bill, and his father, W.O., have worked many years to improve the quality of their Angus herd to produce animals with superior genetics. Producing cattle that will work for their customers by helping them stay on top of the game and make money is a constant challenge for

most bull producers, and the Weller family is no exception. In 1949, Bill’s grandfather settled on a portion of the South Dakota prairie that makes up the Weller Ranch, which is near Kadoka, SD. He moved to the area from Colorado. “He started piecing the operation together,” Bill Weller said. “In fact, the original ranch my grandfather started is where my father, W.O., lives now.” - See Continuous improvement on page 12 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 11

Continuous improvement - Continued from page 11 -

Making a market niche Since then, the family has built up a herd of over 500 registered and commercial Angus cows. To work with the environment in their part of South Dakota, they calve from mid-

Bill Weller

March to mid-May, which made it difficult to hold a traditional yearling bull sale. “We decided to build our own niche, and hold our bull sale in December,� Weller said. “Our niche market is long aged bulls that are about 18 months old when we hold our sale. We have a lot of repeat customers who like buying bulls with a little age on them. They realize that’s our program – they aren’t buying bulls leftover from last year’s sale,� he explained. “They can take these bulls home and put them with their other bulls, and they are just right by spring.� Because the bulls are sold at an older age, Weller said they can develop them slower, and more economically. “We wean the calves in (Below) Weller’s place a lot of emphasis on the female side of their cattle’s pedigree. Replacement heifers are carefully selected to continue improvement of the program. Courtesy photo/ Weller family

(Right) Gage, Tagg, Bill, Jean, and W.O. Weller pose for a family photo. Courtesy photo/ Weller family

October, and feed the bulls and the steer calves together. After we sell the steer calves in January or February, we put the bulls on a winter test. We feed them ourselves here at the ranch. We rough them the first year to keep them sound and functional,� he said. “We’ve found that is the most economically feasible way for us to develop our bulls.�

“In the spring, we them out on grass, then bring them in put them back on about Labor Day,�

put and and test

– Bill Weller “In the spring, we put them out on grass, and then bring them in and put them back on test about Labor Day,� Weller continued. “That fall, we feed them a higher roughage ration in a large lot. We like to have them in good condition for the sale, but we don’t want them excessively fat,� he said. Along with the bulls, the Wellers and some of their customers will sell nearly 200 cows on the sale. Some of these cattle will be bred heifers home-raised by the Weller family, and others will be bred heifers from the Wieman Brothers of Marion, SD, and Cleve and Lori Pritchard, of Kadoka. Nearly 500 head of cattle will sell that day, all carrying Weller genetics.

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12 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

The breeding program All the heifers and about 200 cows on the ranch are artificially inseminated each year with semen Weller has carefully selected to produce the best offspring possible. “When I’m selecting bulls to use as A.I. sires, I like to look at the dam side of the pedigree. I select sires that had good mothers because I feel that a good cow - See Continuous improvement on page 14 -

One of the herd sires at Weller Angus is this Upward son out of a 6595 daughter. Courtesy photo/ Weller family

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 13

Continuous improvement - Continued from page 13 -

will keep you in the cattle business,� he explained. “If that bull didn’t have a good mother, I don’t have a use for him no matter how much he gained.�

Instead, Weller likes to study the dam’s EPDs, age, longevity in the herd, and disposition. He looks for happy medium EPDs with a high rate of accuracy. “Cows with bigger EPDs aren’t necessarily better animals,� he explained. “I am not a big fad kind of guy. I don’t select excessive EPDs,

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14 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

but I do like bulls with high accuracy EPDs. It is important to me to hit the market for what my customers want to produce,� he said. To accomplish that, Weller looks at how his customers sell their calves – whether it is directly off the cow or if they retain ownership and feed them themselves. “I need to figure out what’s best for my customer, based on what they do with their calves,� he said. Looking at the Weller’s herd, Weller said many of the cows are 1,150 to 1,200 pounds, but some are bigger. “I try to stay away from four to five frame size cows because they just don’t have enough frame to finish out correctly. For our environment and resources, a six frame cow fits just right here,� he said. Over the years, the Wellers feel the key to improving their herd has been improving their females. “I continue to try and raise the best females I can raise,� Weller said. “It is important to us to maintain a nice cow herd. We feel the best females will raise the best bulls.� Don’t be afraid to add value The Wellers are also innovative producers who aren’t afraid to try something new – especially if it means improving their cattle. “About five years ago, we got involved in the Angus Source program,� Weller said. “The benefits of that program have been tremendous. It has allowed us to get our genetics to different places, and allowed us to see what we’re producing.�

Through the Angus Source program, carcass data and merit is collected on the calves from each sire. This information allows feedlot operators to see how the calves feed, and what each sire can produce. “They can get on a website and see what to expect after feeding these cattle, and what they are capable of grading and yielding,” Weller explained. “It helps takes the guesswork out of what the end result will be.” The advantage for the Weller family has been the value it has added to their cattle. “If the cattle market goes south and things get tough, they still have more value,” he explained. “When you can add $5-$10 a hundredweight, and have two or three guys sitting there just to buy your cattle because they are Angus-sourced, it makes the program very well worth it,” he said. Because of the success they have had with the program, Weller wouldn’t hesitate to encourage other

ranchers to sign up for it. “It is not a herd of Angus, they also take time hard program to sign up for,” he said. to teach the next generation about “The application is - See Continuous improvement on page 16 simple to fill out, and what I really like about it is they don’t dig around in your operation. What is your business stays your business,” he continued. “I think some ranchers are afraid to take advantage of programs like this because they don’t want people nosing around in their business, but this program isn’t like that.” The next generation While W.O. and Bill continue their work building a solid, reputation

With the largest inventory in a five state area, B & B Sales in Philip is the go to dealer! Contact one of our salesmen today! Darren Boyle (605) 222-0317 • Mark Buchholz (605) 859-2568 • Bruce Hegel (605) 791-1142

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 15

Continuous improvement - Continued from page 15 -

ranching and the way of life it offers. Gage, 12, and Tagg, 7, enjoy helping

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with the day-to-day activities at the ranch, and Weller is quick to teach his boys why they do certain things, and how they are improving the genetics in their cattle. “I want them to understand there is a purpose for us being here,” he said. Gage is already showing cattle in 4H, and at youth shows like the Western Junior Livestock Show. Tagg will join his brother in the showring this coming year. “Gage bought a heifer at the Western Junior last year. He showed her this summer, and won his county fair. This fall, he will take her back to the Western Junior as a futurity heifer, and will probably sell her at the Black Hills Stock Show. I want to see my sons learn how to keep things in perspective, and learn something from their projects. Since both of them will be in 4-H next year, we plan to start showing some heifers we raised ourselves, and I want them to learn from that experience,” Weller explained. “Any opportunity I have to spend time with my family is important,” Weller continued. “I want my sons to enjoy being involved in agriculture, and my job as a parent is to expose them to that. Someday, they will have to make their own decision whether or not they want to be involved in this operation, but it is important to me that I provide them with the opportunity if that is what they choose to do.” The Weller family will hold their annual bull sale on Dec. 11 at Philip Livestock Auction beginning at 1 p.m. For more information about their program, Bill can be reached at 605-2098556, or by email at: wellerangus@ goldenwest.net.

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J JOHNSONS TAKING ON THE CHALLENGE By Amanda Radke

It’s a rare occasion to find young people pursuing careers in production agriculture. According to the USDA, the average age of today’s farmer is 57 years old, and more than one-quarter of American farmers are 65 or older.

J

ust 25 years ago, there were 350,000 farmers and ranchers under the

age of 35; today, there are only 70,000. What’s more, USDA says that the traditional transfer of family-operated farm operations from parent to child has become less common as more farm kids leave the family business in pursuit of urban careers. Even more disturbing, a 2002 study showed the annual number of new farm entrants under the age of 35 dropped from 39,300 during

1978-1982 to just 15,500 during 1992-1997. Today, the U.S. has only 125,000 farms, down from 6.8 million in 1935. With increasing prices for feed, fuel and fertilizer, skyrocketing land prices, competition from established ranchers, the estate tax and the lure of safe and more lucrative jobs in town, the odds are certainly stacked against young people who have a desire to get into production agriculture, but that’s exactly what Brandon and Laurie Johnson intend to do.

- See Johnsons taking on the challenge on page 20 Brandon and Laurie Johnson are a young couple determined to make it work in the competive agriculture industry. Courtesy photo/ Brandon and Laurie Johnson

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 19

Johnsons taking on the challenge

- Continued from page 19 Brandon Johnson grew up on a small acreage, where his family raised corn and soybeans. “I spent most of my time as a small child with my grandpa and uncle riding in the tractor and helping raise pigs in southwestern Minnesota,”

group of heifers to feed out. I know I didn’t make much, but I was doing it on my own. I had feeder pigs before, but I wanted to be in the cattle business. Once I graduated from high school, I bought my first group of cows; I was also feeding out cattle

“WE WEAN AND BACKGROUND THE CALVES AND SELL TO EBEL FARMS – A FEEDLOT IN IOWA,”

– Brandon Johnson

Johnson said. “I was involved in 4-H and FFA for much of my life. While I was in high school I bought my first

with the Anderson Brothers, who I worked for at that time.”

Johnson-Rose Angus has been AI’ing for 54 years.

For sale Private Treaty 100 home-raised registered and commercial bred heifers, start calving March 1st

Ultrasounded bred to AI sires Sinclair Net Present Value, Cole Creek Cedar Ridge, Connealy Thunder, and Mytty In Focus; cleaned up with sons of KG Power Design. The heifers are sired by Salt Creek Bob, Papa Forte, BJJ GI Joe, Hoover Dam, Rito 6I6, Mytty In Focus, and Net Present Value.

Our Bull Sale is

Saturday, February 20, 2013.

Check us out on facebook.com/johnsonroseangus For more information contact Stuart Johnson at (605)845-3221 • (605)848-2818 or Clint & Bonnie Rose at (605)845-3221

20 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

The Johnsons have a cow-calf operation, with cattle from Brandon’s original cowherd he started in high school. Courtesy photo/ Brandon and Laurie Johnson

Like her husband, Laurie (Zubke) Johnson lived and breathed agriculture as a kid. “I grew up on a family farm with cattle and sheep near Watertown, South Dakota,” she said. “My family raises corn, soybeans, wheat and oats. We also have a custom-haying business. I was also involved with 4H and FFA. My sheep herd started when I was five years old from two bottle lambs that my dad bought for me at the sale barn. I always loved my sheep, but I also wanted cattle, so I raised a bottle calf, which happened to be a heifer, and she turned out to be the first heifer in my herd.” The pair crossed paths at the Crystal Springs Rodeo, and it was almost a year later that mutual friends encouraged them to go on a date. Their first date was at the Little International dance at South Dakota State University. With a passion for agriculture, sparks flew. The couple was married on Sept. 11, 2010. The Johnsons had a strong desire to stay in the livestock business, and after they were married, they rented some acreage to house their cattle and sheep. After searching high and low for a place to call home, they finally purchased a place near South Shore, SD. They have a cow-calf and lambing-to-finishing operation, with cattle from Brandon’s original cowherd started in high school and sheep from Laurie’s childhood flock. “We wean and background the calves and sell to Ebel Farms – a feedlot in Iowa,” Brandon said. “We finish the lambs out and sell to a local buyer in Watertown, who then ships them to the Greenly, CO lamb plant. We have also purchased two horses while we were dating. “When we bought our place, the previous owners left us their 20 egglaying chickens,” Laurie, said. “This past spring, we raised 50 broiler chickens and processed them and sold them to neighbors. We had such a great response with the chickens we raised that we already - See Johnsons taking on the challenge on page 22 -

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 21

Johnsons taking on the challenge - Continued from page 19 -

have orders for more next year! We also raised 25 layers to replace the 20 that were left here. I have been selling the eggs, which the demand continues to keep increasing.” It’s clear the Johnsons have the grit, determination, passion and hard-work ethic to make their diversified livestock operation a success. While their heart is on the ranch, off-farm jobs help to supplement their incomes. Laurie is an agricul-

tural instructor at Lake Area Technical Institute and FFA advisor for Watertown High School. Brandon is

stay home to take care of the livestock or make hay. Always seeking to learn more, the couple are very active in agriculture organizations and pro-

“I GREW UP ON A FAMILY FARM WITH CATTLE AND SHEEP NEAR WATERTOWN, SOUTH DAKOTA,” – Laurie Johnson

a welder at JW Welding; his job has flexible hours, which allows him to

grams. They are active members of the South Dakota Cattlemen’s Association (SDCA) Young Producers Council, South Dakota Cattlemen’s

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22 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

chores while we are gone, because savvy about getting lower loan they have their own operation to rates. run. We can’t be gone from the op“Since we bought our place, we eration too long or Brandon starts are now working our loans through to miss the animals.� - See Johnsons taking on the challenge Another program the Johnsons on page 22 are taking advantage of is BEEFSD – a program designed for young producers getting started in the cattle business. With 60 people in the program, they are building relationships with fellow producers, as well as growing a network of individuals in the business to learn from and collaborate with. “We are in our second year of the three-year BEEFSD proThe Bobcat S175 skid-steer loader provides the gram,� she said. vertical lift needed to get jobs done faster and “Through the better. Versatile. Maneuverable. Strong. That’s program, we tour Bobcat equipment. different types of operations - from cow-calf, seedstock, feedlot, background, organic and retained ownership. 3200 Deadwood Ave. - P.O. Box 3102 We also take sumRapid City, SD 57709 %FBEXPPE "WF 1 0 #PY mer trips to look 3BQJE $JUZ 4% (605) 343-6682 or Toll Free 800-658-4567 PS 5PMM 'SFF at different aswww.JennerEquip.com XXX +FOOFS&RVJQ DPN pects of the beef

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Courtesy photo/ Brandon and Laurie Johnson

Auxiliary, South Dakota Farm Bureau, Coteau Hill Cattlemen, South Dakota Sheep Growers Association and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA). “I’m currently the president of the SDCA Young Producers Council, and I had the honor to go to NCBA’s Young Cattlemen’s Conference this year,� Laurie said. “I also serve as the LATI Ag Club advisor and new pageant director for Prairie Village. It’s hard to be involved in everything but also run our operation. My parents live 10 miles away, but we hate to ask them to do

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 23

Johnsons taking on the challenge - Continued from page 23 -

Annual Bull Sale MONDAY, DECEMBER 17, 2012 Dickinson, ND SELLING 80 - GROWN OUT 18 MONTH OLD BULLS

Our program is measured by the success and satisfaction of our repeat and new customers, throughout the country, and how our cattle work for them. HERD SIRES: Forster Northern 7057, Forster Legend 8213 Forster Gold 9059, Beckton Cody U659, Beckton Epic U841, Forster CW 8181, Forster Legend 8132 Red Flying K Gen. 16U, Forster Sen 7142

FORSTER RED ANGUS Kenneth Forster & Family 3247 85M Ave. SW Richardton, ND 58652 • Phone: 701.974.2450 • Cell: 701.290.2450

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Our cattle are a part of who we are, not just what we do!

Farm Credit’s Young and Beginning Farm and Ranch Program,” Laurie said. “With a little extra paperwork, we get a lower interest rate. This helps us keep up on the paperwork and watch where our money is going to help us estimate income and expenses. Brandon and I work closely with our loan officer to make sure we are where we should be.” Of course, the Johnsons hope to grow and expand their operation, securing their position in the livestock business. “Now that we have purchased our own place, which was a major goal for us, we are looking to pay down debt,” Brandon said. “We are also looking at keeping more replacement heifers and ewe lambs back to help replenish our aging herds. We also foresee our family growing in the next five years, as well as having pasture and hay ground more secured. We are also planning to build a cattle-handling facility. I feel like we are in a transitional stage, as we have reached many goals in this last year. We are reevaluating our goals and what we really want.” “What we are doing is not easy – we are sacrificing having a vacation, going out with friends and not having cable,” Laurie added “But, we are following our dream to have our own ranch and run it, without any help. We know that this is not going to be easy, but we are willing to do anything to make

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it work. Many people have been behind us, and that is what keeps us getting up every day and fighting a good fight. We also know that if it were easy, everyone would be doing it. There are moments in the day when we have been working our butts off, and we look at each other and know we are doing the right thing. I almost tear up every time I think of what we are doing and what we are sacrificing, because we are making a legacy to leave for our family.” Their advice for other young people pursuing production agriculture careers: “Make sure to look at items as a want, a need, or have to have. Your family or parents do not owe you anything such as a job on the ranch or even the ranch. Don’t be afraid to follow your dreams and to do what you want to do; but also don’t be afraid to pay the price either.” This young couple is certainly building a ranch legacy for them-

selves and the future generations of their family. Their early success in sheep, cattle and chickens has been won through hard work,

sacrifice and determination, and without a doubt, the Johnsons will be a ranching couple to watch in years to come.

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 25

• Female makers

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W.O. Weller (605) 837-2740

Kadoka, SD wellerangus@goldenwest.net 26 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 27

WINTER FEED SOURCES Western producers get creative when planning to secure winter feed By Heather Hamilton

28 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

T

wo thousand twelve has proven to be an extremely unique and challenging year across much of the western states. As summer fades into fall, producers are having to examine their winter feed programs and in many cases look at non-traditional methods of procuring a feed source for the upcoming winter, while also keeping in mind this may be only the beginning of the feed-related issues triggered by the 2012 drought. - See Winter feed source on page 30 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 29

Winter feed source - Continued from page 29 -

Located near Sturgis, SD, Chris Grubl is a large-scale hay producer who typically markets thousands of tons of hay each year in addition to producing enough to feed his own large cowherd. This year he has switched from hay marketer to working to secure enough hay to solely meet his own needs.

“We baled 700 bales of hay this year, and I think about 150 of those came from road ditches that haven’t been cut in years – but they look better than a snow bank will. In comparison, last year we baled 6,600 bales, and that was an extremely good year. We’re at about 20 percent of our average,

“We’re seeing the impact of this year now as we harvest, locate and purchase winter feed, but people will continue to see the impact of this year in everything from seed prices to milk to beef, pork and chicken – it all takes grain. We’re feeling it, and so will everyone else all the way down the line to the grocery store.� South Dakota farmer and rancher Brad Nesheim, on the broad impact this year’s drought has had on their operation going into the winter months, and the impact it will continue to have over the course of time. – Brad Nesheim

P.O. Box 290 • St. Onge, SD 57779

PHONES: 1-800-249-1995 • 605-642-2200 • FAX 605-642-7628 Our Internet Address: www.stongelivestock.com E-mail: stonge@rushmore.com

We appreciate your business. Call anyone of us any time if you have stock to sell. We are glad to come to your ranch. STAFF Dave Brence ~ Yard Foreman: 605-641-1173 Justin Tupper ~ Cattle Yards Manager FIELDMEN 605-680-0259 • 605-722-6323 Brooke Tupper ~ OfďŹ ce Mgr.:605-642-2200

Tim Tetrault: 605-641-0328 • Ron Frame: 605-641-0229 Randy Curtis: 605-639-0112 • Dustin Vining: 605-354-9966

AUCTIONEERS

Seth Weishaar ~ Fieldman & Auctioneer 605-892-2640 Doug Dietterle ~ Auctioneer 605-788-2963

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FALL 2012 SALE SCHEDULE SEPTEMBER 7TH – YEARLING & CALF SPECIAL - SELLING ALL CLASSES OF CATTLE SEPTEMBER 14TH - YEARLING & CALF SPECIAL - SELLING ALL CLASSES OF CATTLE SEPTEMBER 21ST - YEARLING & CALF SPECIAL - SELLING ALL CLASSES OF CATTLE SEPTEMBER 28TH - YEARLING & CALF SPECIAL - SELLING ALL CLASSES OF CATTLE OCTOBER 5TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE OCTOBER 6TH – 1ST SATURDAY WEIGH UP COW SALE OCTOBER 12TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE OCTOBER 13TH – BRED COW SPECIAL & WEIGH UP SALE OCTOBER 19TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE

OCTOBER 20TH – WEIGH UP COW SALE OCTOBER 26TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE OCTOBER 27TH – BRED COW SPECIAL & WEIGH UP SALE NOVEMBER 2ND – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE NOVEMBER 3RD – WEIGH UP COW SALE NOVEMBER 9TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE NOVEMBER 10TH – BRED COW SPECIAL & WEIGH UP SALE NOVEMBER 16TH – CALF SPECIAL – ALSO SELLING YEARLING CATTLE NOVEMBER 17TH – WEIGH UP COW SALE

NOVEMBER 23RD – NO SALE – HAPPY THANKSGIVING NOVEMBER 24TH – ANNUAL THANKSGIVING BRED HEIFER & COW SPECIAL

30 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

and you know you need the feed when you’re willing to drive 20 minutes to make a bale and then guard each one with your life,� Grubl said of the dramatic change from last year, and an

average year, to this summer in western South Dakota. To ensure he has enough feed for his cattle, Grubl has also baled all his wheat straw, and purchased a dried distillers corn mix from his local ele-

vator that he will add oats to. His plan is to feed the wheat straw, and then feed the grain mix right on top of it with a cake feeder. - See Winter feed source on page 32 -

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 31

Winter feed source - Continued from page 31 -

“We’re pretty fortunate in that we raise wheat and had the option to bale our wheat straw. We’ll have to spend a little more time and money on that wheat ground next year since we didn’t leave that organic matter, but so many of our neighbors have no hay and no options from other crops because they aren’t diversified, and they don’t have enough hay. Where we are going to really feel this drought is on our income side. We sell $200,000plus worth of hay most years, and at the end of the year we’re definitely going to feel that, especially since we’ve still made passes over most of our hay fields. The only input cost we’re really saving on is netwrap,” Grubl said. Northeastern Wyoming rancher Bryan Stroh is located between Wright and Newcastle, and knows all about finding and procuring hay this year. His hay typically comes from Grubl’s part of the country, but this year Stroh had to travel to southern Canada to find quality alfalfa and

grass/alfalfa mix hay for around $85 a ton. “I went through a lot of sources to find this year’s hay, and it was difficult to purchase in Canada because I was so far away and just didn’t have any connections in the area. My research has found that it should be pretty easy to get into Canada as

32 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

far as permitting and crossing the border goes, as long as you have a clean driving record and no criminal record. However, there are some hoops to jump through when coming back through to the U.S.,” Stroh explained. They include filing and registering with the U.S. Food and Drug

Administration (USDA), and filing a prior notice entry on each load between two hours and one week before planning to re-enter the U.S. “The other side of the hay story this year is there is an incredible shortage of trucks. That’s what I’m really struggling with right now, and it’s like pulling teeth to find any-

body to haul long distance. There’s plenty of local work for truckers and nobody wants to haul from Canada. Plus, they get winter up there, so I am really striving to have it at my place by November 1,� Stroh said of his ongoing issues past simply purchasing his winter feed.

In Eastern South Dakota, farmer, feeder and rancher Brad Nesheim works with his father and brother. Their operation raises corn, soybeans, alfalfa and wheat. They typically purchase a little hay to feed their cows, but raise all their additional feedstuffs needed for the feedlot, with a little corn typically left over to sell. “Our corn averages 120 bushels per acre here, and we’re anywhere between zero and 25 bushels this year. We’ve cut over 400 acres of corn for silage, and normally we might cut 10 percent of that. South of my location there is very little to no corn to speak of, but north of the I-90 corridor some of my college roommates are getting anywhere from good to tremendous crops, which is encouraging,� Nesheim stated. He added that his family is also considering cutting their soybeans for silage and using them as their primary energy source in the feedlot this winter. However, that decision is yet to be made and will be based on the weather in upcoming weeks and - See Winter feed source on page 34 -

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 33

Winter feed source

- Continued from page 33 its impact on the crop. Grass hay has

also been purchased locally at a much higher volume and price than usual to add to this year’s ration and to keep

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34 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

“Our corn averages 120 bushels per acre here, and we’re anywhere between zero and 25 bushels this year...� – Brad Nesheim

the cows going through the winter months. “We’re going to start feeding cows sooner than normal as we won’t have our typical fall grazing on cornstalks this year either. Most people here are going to be able to meet their needs this winter, as long as it’s not overly severe. But, if this drags on for multiple years, I think our area will really see the impact. We hayed CRP and a lot of things like that, and those options won’t be around next summer if it’s dry again, which will make a huge difference,� Nesheim said. Stroh agreed whole heartedly with Nesheim, adding that even if next year is a good year, having no old grass left to support new growth will make it tougher. “If you can leave a little grass on the ground it’s so much easier for the new grass to come up because the crown of the plant is protected and the core of the plant can start earlier and grow more robustly. In our case, even the pasture’s we haven’t grazed this year are beat down and look like they’ve been grazed hard. That grass will have a harder time coming back in that environment and I believe next year will be a shorter grass year than normal, even if we get adequate moisture,� he said of the eastern Wyoming plains. Grubl echoed their concerns, stating that while his operation’s diversity will be helpful in feeding their own cattle, an ongoing drought could be detrimental to them and their area of South Dakota as well. “This drought is big, and it’s a big impact to us financially when we can’t market hay and have that income source. But, it’s also a huge impact on our hay customers, who live all over, and who rely on us to feed their cows each year. If we’re in an ongoing drought here, my customers will feel the impact over a huge area,� he said.

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 35

Mineral Imba During A Dro

36 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

alances Testing Is Key ought: By Jan Swan Wood

A dry, warm winter turned into a dry, hot spring. The extremely dry and hot summer put the finishing touch on a very challenging year for cattle producers. Dams dried up, hayfields didn’t produce well, if at all, grass was short, and decisions had to be made daily, on how to manage cattle and available feed and water supplies to get through the year. . Photo by Kellen Little

- See Mineral imbalances during a drought on page 38 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 37

Mineral imbalances during a drought

W

- Continued from page 37 -

ith all of the concerns about feed and water, the mineral and less obvious nutrient needs of cattle can be overlooked. However, during times of higher stress, whether from heat, cold, feed shortages, or water quality, it’s even more critical to be aware of and address the issues before they become a crisis.

Dr. James Myers, Belle Fourche Veterinary Hospital, Belle Fourche, SD, has had a long career in the field of cattle health. His expertise is enhanced by being a cattleman himself, and his concerns mirror those of other cattlemen. When asked whether there was any difference in the mineral and vitamin needs of cattle during times of stress, he said, “The requirements don’t really change. What we have is an imbalance of mineral utilization during a drought.”

Dusty, dry conditions are usually blamed for calves getting sick late in the summer, but poor water quality is actually the culprit. Sulfates in the water supply bind copper and zinc, therefore setting up a lowered immune response in the calf. Photo courtesy of Jan Swan Wood This dam has fresh run-off water in it, assuring these cowcalf pairs have quality water and better health. Photo courtesy of Jan Swan Wood

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Water quality is a major player in this imbalance, with higher sulfur levels in dams, creeks and shallow wells, which can be affected by surface sources of water. Improved water systems with deep wells, pipelines and tanks, have eliminated some of the problem, but many cattle still depend on surface water. As water evaporates, the hydrogen and oxygen disappears, but the sulfur remains. As dams and creeks get lower and lower, concentrations can become serious, with 1000 parts per million (ppm) being the danger level. Cattle start losing condition and hair color changes. Black cattle develop brownish tinges in their hair, red cattle become yellowish. The reason for this, according to Dr. Myers, is that the sulfur changes to sulfates in the rumen of cattle, and that in turn binds the copper and zinc the cattle consume. “Sulfates in water are a negative ion while copper and zinc are a positive ion substance,� Myers said. “It’s the lack of copper that causes the hair color change. More serious problems are happening, though, as it can affect the immune system, reproduction and overall performance.� A mineral supplement is an obvious answer to the problem, but one has to go about it in the right way. “A chelated mineral with copper and zinc is needed. Chelated means that the copper and zinc are tied to an amino acid, and protects the molecule from the sulfates in the rumen until it reaches the liver, where it can be utilized by the body,� Myers said. “A mineral that is 5000-7000 ppm copper needs to have one-third of it chelated,� he added. Water isn’t the only source for sulfates. “Distillers grain can be higher in sulfates due to the processing, especially in older facilities. Forage, such as grass growing around an alkali area, can also be high in sulfates,� Myers explained. The key, according to Myers, is testing. “A nursing calf needs the proper balance of copper and zinc the most. Those calves that get sick toward the end of summer with pneumonia are usually low in copper and zinc. It’s a significant contributor to the fact that they have a compromised immune system. The heat and dust just - See Mineral imbalances during a drought on page 40 -

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- Continued from page 39 compound the problem,� he added, “pre-weaning shots do nothing for a calf with a compromised immune system.� Besides affecting the immune system, sulfates can also affect rate of gain and reproduction, both of which affect every head of cattle a producer owns. Randomly choosing a mineral and putting it out isn’t the answer either. “Testing is the key. Test water and feed. Only then can one provide the right mineral for each situation,� Myers stressed. Samples can be sent to a laboratory for testing through veterinarians, feed stores, and county agents, for example. “It may seem like a big expense to test everything, but, in the long run, it’s a good investment.� Myers continued, “Feeding the wrong mineral costs money either way. Either they’re not getting what they really need, or the mineral has more than what they need. Mineral isn’t cheap, so know what you really need.� “It’s hard to recommend any single formula for mineral. There are just too many variables,� Myers said. There are so many unknowns in the current cattle business, many of which can’t be controlled. However, mineral imbalances don’t have to be a factor and the condition of cattle can be improved, not only for the present time, but for the year to come, with testing of feed and water. Healthy cattle always winter easier and cost less to run, which is the goal of every producer. As the old saying goes, ‘an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.’

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 41

Feeding s in a dr By Amanda Radke

42 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

solutions rought T

wo-thirds of the U.S. is being hit hard by an epic drought – the worst one the nation has experienced in half a century – and livestock producers are feeling the heat. Because much of the corn and bean crop was scorched in the drought, feed prices have escalated, resulting in many herd dispersals across the country. - See Feeding solutions in a drought on page 44 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 43

“The first step is to take an inventory of what forage you have, including any carry-over feed from last year,” – Warren Rusche

44 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Feeding solutions in a drought - Continued from page 43 -

W

arren Rusche, South Dakota State University (SDSU) Extension cow-calf field specialist, offered some advice on managing feed costs in a time of drought. “The first step is to take an inventory of what forage you have, including any carry-over feed from last year,” Rusche advised. “Feed availability and feed costs are going to be pretty tough. Thankfully, we had a lot of hay made last year, so for Warren Rusch many people, that will help. We also need to look at what alternatives we have to purchase, as well as considering what opportunities we have to graze crop residues or cover crops. By now, we know how much forages from grain crops, such as silage, are available. The second thing is to take inventory of the cattle and ask ourselves, should they be here? The cattle need to justify their existence on the place.” Once inventory of feed resources and cattle numbers have been taken into consideration, there are practical solutions to getting the most out of the feed offered to livestock. “Whatever steps we can take to minimize hay waste we need to do,” he stressed. “Perhaps we need to limit access to the amount of time that cattle have at the hay feeder. With limited feeding, they tend not to waste as much hay. We can also grind hay or improve on our hay racks and feeders to minimize waste. Many people don’t realize this, but hay waste is a huge variable. Some producers waste 10 percent, while others waste up to 30 percent of their hay because of poor feeding methods.” In addition to getting the most out of the hay fed to cattle, a balanced ration, combining an affordable protein source in an efficient package, will be key to managing costs. “Having a balanced ration will be more important now than ever before,” Rusche said. “We don’t want to under-

“The cattle need to justify their existence on the place,” Rusch said. Photos courtesy of Amanda Radke

Changing management strategies might be key for navigating through the drought. Photo courtesy of Amanda Radke

In some cases, it may be more cost-effective to send cattle to availavle feed versus sending feed to the cattle. Photo courtesy of Amanda Radke

feed our livestock because it will hurt performance, but we also don’t want to over-feed because it will hurt our bank account. We need to do whatever we need to do to keep cattle functional and profitable. We can’t starve the profit out of them – we will have weak calves and open cows. Finding an economical protein source will be key. Evaluate any kind of protein feeds on a cost per pound of protein basis. Consider the trucking cost, moisture content and crude protein. This also applies for supplement energy. We need to look for the lowest cost.” Changing management strategies might be key for navigating through the drought. Perhaps, changing tactics will yield great cost-savings. “In some cases it might make sense to find a farmer who might have some silage available,” he said. “If you are feeding drought-stressed forage or a salvaged corn crop silage, make sure you know where you’re at as far as nitrate levels. You can either segregate the feed, dilute it down or feed it to lower-risk and non-pregnant animals.” In some cases, it may be more cost-effective to send cattle to available feed versus sending feed to the cattle. And, there may be opportunities to buy cows as there are more herd dispersals. “I think there is going to be some possibilities in areas where there is roughage available that producers can purchase some additional cows or feeder cows,” Rusche said. - See Feeding solutions in a drought on page 46 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 45

“If you are buying cattle, know the health status of the stock. What kind of condition are the cattle in? Be weary of something that is really thin. Do you have time to get them back in shape again? Do the cows’ calving season match your own? If you bring in extra breeding cattle, in the back of my mind, I would still think about what happens if feed supplies are short, what are you alternative back-up plans or what is your exit strategy? “If you are thinking about sending your cattle to feed, visit with the other party to discuss what care is expected and what will be provided,” he added. “For example, what • Bunker for silage, byproducts, mineral is used? Is it the cheapest available, or is it the grain storage, retaining wall same brand you have always used? Are the cattle sepaand many other uses. rated, or are they thrown in with other groups? When will they be shipped back? Who will handle the costs? Make • Interlocking blocks for sure you get this in writing; we can’t rely on just a handincreased stability. shake anymore. In the right circumstances, this can be a way for folks to hang onto cows without having to spend way too much to truck hay in. This could be an option. There could be many places where there is a lot of silage and this could be an opportunity,” Rusch said. Another consideration is culling cows that are unproductive or late-bred. “If producers haven’t done it already, I encourage them to pregnancy-check their cowherd sooner rather than later, you can cull those open and late-calving cows,” Rusche concrete so added. “Look at poor producers, cows with poor udders E. Hwy 20 or cows with bad dispositions – maybe they need to go to Stuart NE 68780 town, as well.” Don’t wait...call ahead so you’re ready! 402.340.1307 Ultimately, it’s going to take “dollars and sense” to get through this drought. “Look at your expenses to find places to cut,” he advised. “The biggest thing is going to be knowing what you have on hand in terms of quantity BUILT TO and quality of forages and what you LAST GENERATIONS need to do to make things work. I really think how ranchers manage this next year or so, with the drought plus with the cattle numbers are – the folks Heavy Duty Gate who can manage this crisis the best will be in the best position to benefit in the upcoming years. We could see a huge demand for cattle down the road, but Double Alleyway System we have to get through this drought first. Continuous Fencing One thing often forgotten is to Guaranteed Gates keep a positive attitude in challenging Wrangler Portable Corral times. Rusche tells producers: “Keep Crowding Tubs some perspective in terms of stress. Adjustable Alleyways This isn’t going to be a fun year, but Portable Working Equipment there are worse things, too. Talk to Wrangler Portable Corral folks. Everyone is in the same boat. Hay Saving Bale Feeders Learn from friends and neighbors Feeder Panels and have a plan. Be in communication EZMT Portable Cattle Feeder with your lender, as well. They need to know your plans and how things are Bova-Hold Squeeze Chute High Quality Continuous Fence moving along. Work with them, so they can help you navigate through this Linn, KS Creighton, NE drought.” 800-526-0993 800-638-4036 Rusche recommends checking out www.igrow.org for additional informaQuality has no substitute tion and drought-related resources and updates.

Feeding solutions in a drought - Continued from page 45 -

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46 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 47

Plan ahead

to prepare cattle for winter By Gayle Smith

48 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

With many areas of the United States in a drought, stockmen will need to pay particular attention to their cattle to prepare for the upcoming winter months.

“T

his year is going to be tough for many ranchers,” according to Aaron Berger, University of Nebraska extension specialist. “If the cattle are in poorer condition going into winter, they may not be able to handle the cold as well,” Berger said. The best time to improve the body condition score of a spring calving cow is after weaning and prior to winter. “The cow’s nutrient requirements will be ex-

tremely low,” Berger explained. “She doesn’t have a calf nursing her, and the calf inside her is very small and taking very little in terms of nutrients. I would encourage ranchers, even though feed is expensive, to try and get their cows back into condition after weaning,” he said. With nutrient requirements lower, cows need less to maintain themselves and should be able to regain body condition quickly. - See Plan ahead on page 50 -

A cow should be in a body condition score five going into winter so she can best utilize forages during the winter without needing extra nutrients or supplement to keep warm. Photo courtesy University of Nebraska

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 49

Plan ahead

- Continued from page 49 Ideally, Berger said a cow should be in at least a body condition score five going into winter. “A cow that has the right body condition will stay warmer, and be able to manage herself better than one in a body condition score four, and is already thin,” he explained. “If the cows are still in good condition prior to calving, producers can use the extra fat on the cow’s back later on as a feed

resource,” he said. “But if the cow is in poor condition, the nutrient requirements will be more during the winter months than if they had gained some condition prior to winter,” he explained.

“If the cows are still in good condition prior to calving, producers can use the extra fat on the cow’s back later on as a feed resource,”

Building back condition uilding back body condition will hinge on what feed resources are available. “Many ranchers will

– Aaron Berger

B

be giving their best feed resources to their calves – if they still have them,” Berger explained. “This year, it may make more sense to use the best resources to put that body condition back on the cow.” Meadow re-growth, crop residue like cornstalks or wheat stubble, and even some cake can help cows gain weight and improve their body condition. “Producers may also want to keep in mind that forage quality is going to be in the lower quality range, so they may need to supplement it with an energy source,” he explained. “I would encourage producers to shop around and see what low cost energy source can be found that will allow those cows to gain some weight. Put a pencil to what can be purchased most economically,” he added. What about the bull? roducers also need to provide their bulls with extra care prior to winter weather. “This year, any marginal bull, or one with some age or disposition problems, should be culled so it doesn’t have to be fed through the winter,” Berger said. Young bulls that are 18 months to two years old, have had a tough summer in many areas, and will need some attention. “Often times, ranchers finish with the breeding season and kick these bulls out into the back pasture,” he explained. “This year, with forage quality so low, those bulls aren’t going to regain much condition without some supplemental feed.” Berger said the bulls should be fed some supplement in the pasture, or put in a corral and fed. They can also be put back with the cows after preg-

P

50 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

- See Plan ahead on page 52 -

One of the best ways to improve body condition and put weight on cattle is by wintering them on a cornfield. Photo courtesy of University of Nebraska

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Plan ahead

- Continued from page 51 lar to cows, except they may not be as quick to deposit fat. “Don’t let them get overly fat,� Berger cautioned. “Going into winter a five and a half to six would be adequate. The extra condition can always be used in the spring, but if the winter is tough, it can help them manage the stress of that,� he said.

nancy checking so all the cattle needing condition can be fed as one group. Like cows, Berger recommends mid-five for an ideal body condition score in bulls. “They are still growing and developing, and trying to mature. They need good nutrition to help them reach their mature size,� he said. Body condition in bulls is evaluated simi-

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52 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

“For every degree the air temperature drops below 20 degrees Fahrenheit, the cow’s nutrient requirements will increase significantly,� – Aaron Berger

Protection in harsh storms important roducers need to think about providing adequate protection for their cows in the event of bad weather. “For every degree the air temperature drops below 20 degrees Fahrenheit, the cow’s nutrient requirements will increase significantly,� Berger explained. “It is important to have an area where the cows can get out of the wind, so they can use those nutrient requirements to maintain themselves.� Cold, wet conditions can be detrimental to cattle. If the cows are wet, combined with cold winds and low temperatures, they have a harder time maintaining their thermal body temperature which causes them to use more nutrients to maintain themselves. Natural protection, like trees, creek bottoms and topography, can make a significant difference when the air temperature is low and the wind is cold. For producers without natural protection, Berger said many types of windbreak are available from panels

P

“It will be an important tool this year to get as much as possible out of the feed resources that are available.” – Aaron Berger

with windscreen on them, to portable systems that can be folded out and easily moved. Windbreak in a horseshoe or semi-circle design can also help combat winds. One easy method of building windbreak is using bales that are stacked around corrals, and can be fed later in the spring. Berger warned this type of windbreak may need some type of snow fence built behind it to help catch heavier snows before it comes over the bale windbreak and piles up. If a major snowstorm is predicted, Berger urged producers to try and gauge how serious the storm will be and take precautions ahead of time. “If the storm will be bad, have the cows full, especially if feed will be hard to get to,” he said. Cattle should also be moved to an area with protection. “If they are in good condition going into winter, they will have some cover on their back and be able to withstand bad weather,” he added. Carefully manage forage availability ith many rangelands suffering from the drought, Berger said fall grass may be brittle, and will need to be carefully managed to prevent trampling. “Producers may need to do some cross-fencing or find a way to limit the areas the cattle have access to, to prevent trampling,” he explained. “It will be an important tool this year to get as much as possible out of the feed resources that are available.” Berger also encouraged producers to estimate forage growth and cow grazing days per acre. “Producers need to try and use all the forage they have available,” he

W

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feedstuffs they have available, determine their feed quality, and test it, before developing a mineral program to fill any deficiencies. “If producers are feeding cake, they can have the mineral added to it, which may be one of the most cost-effective ways to manage it,” he said.

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54 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Cattle Sale Every Tuesday

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Bassett Livestock Auction, Inc. 402-684-2361 Regular and Special Feeder Cattle Sales on Wednesdays Owners: Arlen (Bim) Nelson • 402-684-3922 Donnie Painter • 402-684-2221 Office Manager: Jeri Nelson • 402-684-2361

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 55

National Beef Quality Audit calls for cattlemen to get engaged By Amanda Radke

Since 1991, the beef checkoff has funded the National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA), a study conducted every five years that assesses progress the beef industry makes on production issues as they relate to consumer demand for beef.

T

he 2011 NBQA was released at the 2012 Cattle Industry Summer Conference held in July in Denver, CO. As the results of the audit were revealed, the conclusion was that the beef industry continues to make great strides in producing quality beef, but there is still areas where cattlemen can improve their practices. The audit consists of three phases and took nearly a year to complete. The phases included personal interviews with individuals representing every segment in the beef supply chain, a collection of data from four beef packing plants looking at camera grading of nearly 2.5 million carcasses in 17 federally inspected plants, and a survey used to evaluate the quality of pre-harvest segments of the industry. - See National Beef Quality Audit on page 58 -

“All an audit does is provide you the opportunity to make better choices,” Tom Field said. Photo courtesy Amanda Radke

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 57

National Beef Quality Audit - Continued from page 57 -

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58 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Keith Belk, Colorado State University (CSU), was one of the individuals involved in the development of the audit, and he identified changes made to collect data for the study. “We attempted to change Phase One around this year, and Phase Two actually, to collect a bit more data that was maybe more modern using some of the technologies that are now available to us,” Belk said. “In Phase One, we designed a survey where we used a software that allowed us to dynamically route questions based on the answers that respondents gave to various questions. And in Phase Two for the first time, have been able to collect a ton of data that resulted from the use of instruments and instrument grading systems. So there’s been a lot more information available this round of the National Beef Qual“For the first ity Audit than ever time we’ve before.” been able to The vast amount of quantify data can be responses to overwhelming, but gut reactions Belk said about quality that ultimately the issues and information, once things that b r o k e n affect down, is benefi cial to purchasing producers decisions in in helping identify the industry,” to areas that – Keith Belk they are doing well and ways they can improve. “For the first time we’ve been able to quantify responses to gut reactions about quality issues and things that affect purchasing decisions in the industry,” he added. “You know, anytime you can quantify the impact that vari- See National Beef Quality Audit on page 60 -

Following Beef Quality Assurance guidelines, when working cattle, is one way to ensure a safe and wholesome end product. Photo courtesy of Amanda Radke

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 59

National Beef Quality Audit

- Continued from page 59 ous attributes have on purchasing produce satisfactory beef for condecisions, that always will benefit sumers. the industry in terms of things “It’s an evolutionary process that they can manage to improve trying to collect data and trying to profitability. So I’m certain that benchmark the state of the industhis audit will provide information try, and so every time we do one of that’s useful to all cattle produc- these, we learn something that we ers.� can apply to the next audit,� he Belk has been involved with the said. “But it hasn’t lost its grassNBQA since the initial study in roots, its main original purpose 1991, and although the audit con- of trying to quantify the things tinues to grow, change and evolve the industry could do to improve over time, the research always fo- the profitability by improving the cuses on improving rancher profit- value of beef at consumption levability by providing guidelines to els. So, that’s always been a pri-

mary goal of the audit and I think that’s still on target.â€? In a nutshell, the NBQA Executive Summary identified several areas the beef industry needs to improve upon including: low level of written protocols, balancing needs of all industry segments, lack of trust between industry segments, disconnect with dairy, carcass inconsistency, no common language, potential food safety issues and poor story-telling. Complete results from the 2011 National Beef Quality Audit can be found by visiting www.bqa. org. Certainly, cattlemen have made great strides in addressing quality issues and meeting consumer demands, but as societal shifts create greater * 3URYHQ %LRDYDLOLELOLW\ ZLWK barriers be640¡V 3RO\7UDQVSRUW tween rural WHFKQRORJ\ and urban * &RQWDLQV KLJK SURWHLQ KLJK IDW America, pro* 9LWDPLQV $ ' ( ducers will * RUJDQLF 640 PLQHUDOV need to focus ZLWK 3RO\7UDQVSRUW WHFKQRORJ\ on several WUDFH PLQHUDOV JHW XWLOL]HG QRW key points, ZDVWHG one being con* RUJDQLF VHOHQLXP FREDOW DQG LRGLQH sumer satisfaction with beef * &XVWRP %OHQGV DYDLODEOH KLJK *5 )O\ &RQWURO %RYRWHF taste and ten5XPPHQVLQ 0*$ KLJK 0DJ derness. KLJK ( KLJK &REDOW HWF “The ten* 0DGH IURP FRUQ VR\ DQG derness surYHJHWDEOH SURGXFWV vey has been * 'HVLJQHG PLQHUDO SURJUDP IRU done four WKH UDQFK RU IHHGORW times starting * ([WUHPHO\ SDODWDEOH in the early * &DQ EH FXVWRP EOHQGHG WR ILW DQ\ 90s,â€? said Jeff SURJUDP IURP WKH UDQFK WR WKH Savell, Texas IHHGORW A&M Univer* %X\ 'LUHFW 1R 0LGGOHPDQ sity, who was ZKROHVDOH SULFLQJ WRQ also involved ORDGV in the audit. “What we have found, esJohn W. -RKQ : 'L[RQ ‡ 2 ‡ Dixon pecially in the 2WWH )HHGV .LUN (OLH 2WWH *RUGRQ 1( ‡ & ‡ + 2 ‡ & ‡ + most recent WK 6W ‡ 0DQGDQ 1' audit, is that WK 6W ‡ 0DQGDQ 1' tenderness 57:- 8-:.7:5)6+- 4-;; +7;< ÂŒ +)44 .7: 16.7:5)<176 7: <7 )::)6/- ,-41>-:A values have

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greatly improved from previous surveys, which tells me that where flavor is showing up as one of the driving concerns people have, then with a baseline tenderness that is okay, we can now focus on flavor. If you’ve got tough beef, it doesn’t matter how flavorful it is, it isn’t going to be acceptable. What else is necessary for complete customer satisfaction? I think that’s why flavor is a bigger component now. Beef has to deliver both tenderness and flavor, and if it’s got both, we get ‘Wow!’ Flavor and tenderness has to align.” “Process matters more; as consumers, because “Process they are removed matters from it, more; as they have more quesconsumers, tions about because how beef is prothey are duced,” a d d e d removed J a s o n from it, they A h o l a , Colorado have more State Uniquestions versity, another about how member beef is who helped conduct produced,” the audit. “ O n e – Jason Ahola thing the industry has in place is a system of information flow. I think it’s a matter of trying to tie more information to those cattle to try to respond to the idea of knowing how and where the cattle were raised. Allowing the market place to drive this maybe should be the way we address this. Additionally, record-keeping should be increased by producers. Beef Quality Assurance can help provide the standards of consistency to be able to accomplish that.” Ultimately, an audit helps to identify ways that producers can improve in their day-to-day operations.

“All an audit does is provide you the opportunity to make better choices,” said Tom Field, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, also involved in the study. “Markets drive choice making. I think now there is sufficient economic pres-

sure and sufficient social pressure that our industry will take this information and will make significant changes in the way that it views not only delivery of prod- See National Beef Quality Audit on page 62 -

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62 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

- Continued from page 61 uct integrity, eating satisfaction and telling the story, but do that in a much more proactive way. I think we’re an industry that is absolutely at a crossroads and we’re at a tipping point. We either get it right or we continue to watch cow numbers slide and as cow numbers slide, there are undesirable consequences that ripple not only across our industry and all the related industries but through our society. I think producers are highly motivated. What they need and what I think is incumbent “. . . I think upon the industry is that producers it is time for are highly industry leaders to step up motivated. their game What they and drive for a profitable, need and sustainable what I think future and is incumbent to stay out of the weeds upon the and off of the side roads industry is and get right that it is time down the highway.� for industry So, how can producleaders to improve? step up their ers NBQA identified three game and major chaldrive . . .� lenges including: food – Tom Field safety, consumer eating satisfaction and consumer outreach. “Can we get it right and can we tell our story to consumers?� Field asked. “We only have two options. Either we get it right and we tell consumers that, or we see the cowherd continue to shrink.� Telling the beef production story to consumers isn’t often a top priority for ranchers, but educating the public about where and how beef is produced will be key to the future success of the industry.

In addition to the beef checkoff-funded program, Beef Quality Assurance, which provides a guideline for animal care and handling to help ensure a safe, wholesome and consistently tasty beef product, there is a second checkoff program that will assist producers in sharing the positive beef production story with consumers. It’s called the Masters of Beef Advocacy (MBA) Program. The MBA program is an online training tool de- “Can we get signed to equip beef it right and producers can we tell with the information our story to they need consumers? to speak eloquently We only have about the two options. beef industry with Either we get consumit right and ers and the media. we tell The online course consumers consists of that, or we six topics including: see the m o d e r n cowherd beef production, an- continue to imal care, shrink.� beef safety, – Tom Field beef nutrition, environmental stewardship and the

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 65

A progressive rotational grazing system that includes five strategically placed water sources in each pasture allowed Northeastern Wyoming rancher Randy Oleson to significantly increase his carrying capacity, while only minimally increasing his winter feed cost per cow. He attributes 10-plus percent of his growth to his water system alone. Photo by Heather Hamilton

66 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

Input management Maximum efficiency means survivability in agriculture By Heather Hamilton

Agriculturalists have always been able to stretch a dollar. As the west comes off one of the driest summers on record, producers are having to both implement new, and rely on old management techniques to prevent input costs from skyrocketing, and to stay in business.

“...I attend farm shows and visit with other producers, and am always open to ideas that might work on my operation.

– Alan Mielke

“W

e’re always looking for a better way to do something. I attend farm shows and visit with other producers, and am always open to ideas that might work on my operation. It’s been said that you can ask 10 different producers how they run their operation and you’ll probably get 10 different answers, but they all probably work for that person, and some part of their answer might work for you too” stated Hermosa, SD, rancher Alan Mielke of managing costs on an agriculture operation.

Mielke has a cow-calf operation, and said one key area managing costs for him is doing everything he possibly can in-house. “We do everything we possibly can here. We have a good shop and repair all our own equipment and do all our own maintenance. When you start taking stuff to town there is a lot of quality slippage and cost increase. Doing it yourself is the most efficient and highest quality way to have repairs done,” he noted. Haying ever available acre each is another thing Mielke does to prevent soaring feed costs on years such as this one. - See Input management on page 68 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 67

eight years with very little spoilage. If you round bale everything you’re much more limited in that respect,” Mielke explained of his haying program. This year he didn’t put up any hay, grazing that ground instead. Mielke said he won’t have to purchase any hay to get through this winter, just as he never purchased any hay during the last drought in his area. All hay is tested annually, and Mielke noted that most years an additional protein source is not needed to get his 1,200 pound cows, and weaned calves, through the winter months.

“I decided that I would utilize all available grazing in eight months and feed the remaining four months instead of expecting cows to graze 12 months of the year, then having to feed them anyway when the grass snowed under,” – Randy Oleson

(Above) Having the option to grind lower quality hay has increaed intake efficiency and lowered overall hay costs on both Alan Mielke and Randy Oleson’s operations. Making smart equipment purchases and utilizing equipment effectively is a part of maximizing efficiency on both Oleson and Mielke’s ranches. Photo by Heather Hamilton

Input management - Continued from page 67 -

“W

e never sell any hay at – that’s a big no-no to us. We look at hay as money in the bank. We put it up with double nine mowers and 20 wheel vrakes. This may be a little old-fashioned, but I also stack at least half of each year’s hay in loose stacks. With those I can keep hay for six to

68 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

“I think a cow of that size is the most efficient when looking at what she is able to produce relevant to her size, and I manage my cows to be that size. Records are kept on all our livestock and we put calving information and anything else that stands out on a particular cow into those records to help with our management decisions in that area,” he explained. When asked if anything changed as a result of this year, Mielke replied, “No, whether it’s wet or dry that’s pretty much how we run things.” In contrast to putting up as much hay as possible, Northeastern Wyoming rancher Randy Oleson was able to significantly increase his carrying capacity and overall efficiency through eliminating haying on his operation. - See Input management on page 70 -

(Right) Alan Mielke puts a percentage of each year’s hay crop in large loose stacks. This enables him to store the hay for six to eight years with minimal loss, and ensures he has a winter feed supply every year. Mielke says to him having hay on hand is like money in the bank, and finding a way to make it last just adds to its value. Photo by Heather Hamilton

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 69

Ranches for Sale

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Input management - Continued from page 69 -

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Impressive log home on 35 acres that is a great vacation destination or a year round residence. A western lodge atmosphere with all of the upgrades for fine living. 3 levels designed for entertaining guests & luxurious living. Approx 6,100 sq ft with 5 bedrooms, 4.5 baths, huge great room with fireplace, game room, sitting area, fitness room, office, & 2 laundry areas. Get away and enjoy all the amenities of a fine lodge in a private country setting. $985,000

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Scenic northeastern Wyoming property on the road to Devils Tower. 451 acres on Oudin Hill and adjacent to Hwy 14 with year round access. This rugged and picturesque landscape offers terrific views of Devils Tower, the Missouri Buttes, the surrounding Black Hills. Diverse terrain with secluded draws, open parks, wooded hills with pine and bur oak, and high plateaus with long-range views. Ideally located for a year round place or recreational hideaway. $815,000.

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Amazing Black Hills setting west of Aladdin on Beaver Creek. 136 acres fronting Highway 24 and bordering a wide expanse of Black Hills National Forest. Picturesque terrain with winding creek bottoms, open meadows, & wooded hills. Live water, varied terrain, and lots of feed makes for excellent wildlife habitat, with elk, deer, and turkey in the area. This recreational haven has it all: a creek, convenient location with year round access, access to National Forest, & gorgeous scenery. $656,000

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“I decided that I would utilize all available grazing in eight months and feed the remaining four months instead of expecting cows to graze 12 months of the year, then having to feed them anyway when the grass snowed under,” Oleson explained. To accomplish this, Oleson implemented an intensive grazing system. His cows are in four groups of 200 to 250 head each, sorted by age. Each group has their own six-pasture rotation. Each pasture is between 1,120 and 1,600 acres, and has five water sources placed to maximize that pastures usage. In a given year, he uses all six pastures. Four of the six are not grazed during the growing season, and the two that are used won’t be during the following year’s growing season. For the four months cows are fed, they are placed on the old hayfields, which also impacted Oleson’s management changes in the mid2000s when it was so dry they didn’t produce for multiple years. “As a result of those changes my efficiency of scale has increased, and I run about 40 percent more cows than I could when I started here. Even running fewer cows, it was costing between $125 and $150 dollars a year to winter each cow. Now I run more cows and it costs me about $160 to winter each one. If you’re going to feed 600 cows you might as well feed 800 because aside from the hay, no

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By implementing an intensive and progressive rotational grazing system, Northeastern Wyoming rancher, Randy Oleson was able increase his herd size and maximize the return potential on his operation. Photo by Heather Hamilton

other costs are associated with feeding go up,� explained Oleson of his mindset. As a result of his changes, Oleson purchases roughly 1,500 tons of hay annually, which he tests and feeds in combination with whatever protein source is most complimentary and economical. He noted that he purchases hay of various qualities, and has a bale processer to increase the digestibility of lower quality hay. Last year his hay

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 71

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Input management - Continued from page 71 -

cost just under $100 a ton delivered, and this year it will be over $225 delivered. “I do try to manage for a drought all the time, but I don’t know how you manage for one like this because nothing ever grew this year. My cows have eaten nothing but last year’s grass since the snow went off. I’m looking to wean early and sell about 40 percent of my cows because I just can’t see investing $400 a head into wintering them. Those I am keeping I’m planning to feed for six months instead of four this winter. I’ll be keeping the calves and feeding them for a couple months at least, with no definite plan at this point on when they’ll be marketed,� stated Oleson of the changes he’s making in response to this year.

“I do try to manage for a drought all the time, but I don’t know how you manage for one like this because nothing ever grew this year. My cows have eaten nothing but last year’s grass since the snow went off. I’m looking to wean early and sell about 40 percent of my cows because I just can’t see investing $400 a head into wintering them...� – Randy Oleson

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72 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

“Luckily I’m in a pretty good position where I don’t have a lot of debt, but I will come out of this with debt again,� he added. Decisions and choices made on good years have provided both Oleson and Mielke the flexibility to make changes this year that will enable them to continue operating. Both noted they are always maximizing efficiency to improve their operations, and increase their odds of surviving years when costs are going to be high.

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we received out of the donor cows. Since we started using MULTIMIN on heifers in our pre-breeding program, we’ve seen an increase in conception rates. Last year we ran a trial with it on a set of heifers and saw an 8% increase in conception over the control heďŹ ers.

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Read us online at www.tsln.com 2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 73

Don’t your bank account in the

By Amanda Radke

Two thousand twelve will be remembered as the year of the drought. A widespread drought, impacting two-thirds of the nation, is the worst in more than half a century. With little moisture and above average temperatures, the summer devastated many agriculture communities – scorching pastures, hayfields and crops. The result is a rise in feed prices for livestock and food prices in the grocery store.

As prices escalate, now is the time to buckle down and tighten the purse-strings. Will Haugen, First Dakota National Bank agriculture financing specialist, offered some financial advice for producers to help navigate through the drought.

74 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

A lender can help put a pencil to paper to evaluate costs. Many producers struggled to choose between salvaging corn for harvest or cutting it for silage. Photo courtesy of Amanda Radke

“We are in the middle of extremes – extreme drought, extreme volatility in prices – but don’t make extreme decisions,” advised Haugen. “Be rational in your thoughts. Think things through, and perhaps think outside the box to make things work.

Bankers often refer to the four C’s of credit: character, capacity, capital and collateral. In tough financial times, banks look very closely at borrowers, and Haugen said there is a fifth C to consider: the cranium. - See Don’t dry up on page 76 -

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 75

Don’t dry up

- Continued from page 75 “I always refer to the fifth C of credit, the cranium,” said Haugen. “If you have good management skills, bankers are more willing to work with you. In tough times, it’s important to keep in close communication with your lender. Your banker is your partner, and we can be a resource to help you work through your business plans. Keep us in the loop with the decisions you are making. Now might be the time to refinance and

restructure to take advantage of low interest rates.” A lender can help put a pencil to paper to evaluate costs. Many producers struggled to choose between salvaging corn for harvest or cutting it for silage. Taking a look at the numbers helped many of Haugen’s customers decide which route to choose. “Put a pencil to paper; know what your costs are,” Haugen suggested. “The biggest thing to ask yourself right now is, what have you done to prepare for this drought? Have you preserved some capital from the last

couple of good years we have had? Are you prepared if the drought continues through next year? There’s a possibility the drought will continue. Plan for a good year, but prepare for a bad year.” Haugen suggests maintaining a working capital that is 20-30 percent of the annual gross revenue to serve as a safety net in hard times. “A common mistake I see is people who jump into something without analyzing a decision before they make it,” Haugen said. “We have had some good years, so folks bought more pairs, sold hay when the price

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“Don’t forget to take a break and relax once in awhile,” he said. “I have customers who were cutting silage for 18 days straight. This can lead to fatigue and injury. Work hard during the week and take Sunday off to regroup and unwind.” – Will Haugen

76 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

“Make sure you are fully employed,” Haugen said. “A job in town can help pay the bills and offer some security during lean times. Look for

ways to diversify and increase your revenue.” - See Don’t dry up on page 78 -

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was high and updated equipment. With so many herd dispersals right now, the temptation is there to buy more cows. Certainly, the opportunity is there. At the same time, feed costs are going to be high. I would be hesitant to jump in and buy more cows. Find ways to mitigate your risk. Make sure you have enough forage available – even if the drought continues – to support the extra pairs.” Haugen said producers should explore ways to diversify, whether it’s buying more pairs, taking in feeder calves or custom-feeding. Another important thing to do is visit with others to avoid common pitfalls. “Visit with your banker, the neighbor or an Extension specialist,” Haugen suggested. “Ask around to see how others are working through the drought. Get in touch with someone on the marketing side of things. These experts can help lock in feed prices at the right time and find ways to mitigate risk. Use a put option in case prices would retract a little bit. Get in touch with your elevator to see what they anticipate feed prices doing.” “If you raise crops, make sure you are in touch with your crop insurance agent,” Haugen added. “With larger claims there are more audits. Keep up with your record-keeping and plan for an audit. If you’re feeding cattle, be sure to consult with your nutritionist to evaluate your feed ration. Explore different rations that might be more affordable as feed prices rise; be willing to adjust if needed. And, be sure to get nitrate levels tested in corn before feeding silage.” Cash flow is critical to producer success in these unprecedented times.

2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 77

Don’t dry up

- Continued from page 77 As producers are busy cutting silage, harvesting crops, weaning calves and gathering forages for the winter, long days can lead to stress and fatigue.

“Don’t forget to take a break and relax once in awhile,” he said. “I have customers who were cutting silage for 18 days straight. This can lead to fatigue and injury. Work hard during the week and take Sunday off to regroup and unwind.”

First Dakota Bank offers a newsletter and other resources to help producers. Check it out at www.firstdakota.com.

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78 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

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Lotton Ranch Located in SW South Dakota and NW Nebraska, this ranch is comprised of; 7,440+/- acres deeded, 640 acres state lease, and 467 AUM’s lease in the Buffalo Gap Nat’l Grassland. (There are 4,000+/- acres which are or have been in cultivation, current CRP contract on 1,000 acres and 2,706 base acres.) Indian Creek crosses the ranch for three miles, two homes, headquarter facilities, water pipeline, and abundant wildlife. Priced at $3,534,000

Laduke Property; This property consists of 160 acres of which 137.5 acres are irrigable from the Belle Fourche Irrigation District. County roads border both the East and West sides of the property, as well as power and rural water. Great views and access combined with good production and income potential allow for several viable options with this property. Price: $184,000

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Perkins County Farmland; 966.4+/- acres highly productive cropland with (930.46 ac. FSA base acres). Mostly class II and III loam and silt loam soils with productivity indexes ranging mostly from 68 to 95. Located close to town and only 1 mile off a paved hwy. The property is all contiguous and could still be available for spring possession. Priced at $1,255,000.00

Girl Creek Ziebach County, Dupree SD: 2,727+/- acres of excellent native pasture. Five separate pastures facilitating easy rotation of grazing. Extremely well watered by nine reservoirs, together with two shallow wells serving six tire tanks and three new automatic waters’. Access is provided by well- maintained gravel roads and power is located on the property. Girl Creek runs through the property providing an added element of limited winter protection. This property would make an excellent starter ranch or added grass for an established operation. Call us on this. Priced at $1,570,000. Perkins County, SD; LaGrand Ranch North Unit, 4,126+/- deeded acres (comprised of 2,200+/- ac. cultivated and 1,926+/- ac. grass). Excellent soils, water and access help characterize this highly productive property. The offering includes a complete set of improvements located along SD Hwy 75 NE of Prairie City, SD. This property may be divided into operating units to suite the buyer or would make an efficient size operation as a single unit. Entire Unit Priced to Sell at $4,075,500

Oelrichs, SD; In the same ownership for more than 80 years, the Hagman Ranch is located eighteen miles east of Oelrichs just off US Hwy 18. Comprised of nearly 9,000 acres total; 2,090.79+/- deeded, 916 acre bonded lease, and 6,000+/- acre range unit (Pine Ridge Tribal). The deeded acreage consists of approx. 600 acres hay-land, barn, corrals, shop and home along black-tail creek and is contiguous to the leased property. The ranch is watered by several shallow wells and water-line along with the Mni-waconi rural water system. Priced to Sell at $1,100,000 Dakota Landing Estates; Pierre, Hughes Co. SD, Three residential lots 110’ x 115’ each all utilities, water and access near boat dock on Lake Oahe. Priced at $24,000 each, will sell one or all. Call Kendall. 2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 79

Hotlander C might offer a potential crossbreeding option By Loretta Sorensen

Beef producers searching for a hardier beef breed might consider Hotlanders, a breed developed by Texas Cattleman Rob Brown, Jr. on the R.A. Brown Ranch at Throckmorton, TX.

W

hile the breed has proven to thrive in hot humid conditions, the short haired coats, charateristic of the breed wouldn’t provide good protection during Northern Plains winters. “Most of our customers are in southeast Texas, close to the Gulf Coast where there’s high rainfall and a lot of humidity,” Brown says. “We can run English cattle breeds here, but the Hotlanders have been found to be most efficient compared to other breeds. In northern climates, Hotlanders may work well for a terminal cross.” Brown began working in the 1980s to develop the Hotlander composite, relying on the expertise of Dr. Keith Gregory at the U.S. Meat Animal Research center and Dr. Ronnie Green, then Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics. In an ef-

fort to produce hardy cattle that also possessed other desirable traits, Brown used Red and Black Angus, Senepol, Simmental and Brahman genetics. He primarily selected cattle for red hides because they do better in high heat conditions than black-hided animals. However, some Hotlanders are black-hided because the color is so popular with beef breeders. “Our Senepol animals came from St. Croix, one of the U.S. Virgin Islands,” Brown said. “Our aim was to improve heat tolerance while we maintained carcass quality and disposition. The four breeds we used to develop Hotlanders complement one another in terms of the traits they possess. Senepol was bred to Red Angus and Simmental bred to Brahman. We then crossed those two hybrids to come up with the Hotlander.”

80 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

- See Hotlander Cattle on page 82 -

“Hotlanders are high red meat yield cattle,” – Rob Brown

Cattle

Hotlander Cattle

- Continued from page 80 Hotlanders are moderate-sized cows with high reproductive efficiency. Brown noted that they breed “extremely well” as yearling heifers, calving at 23-25 months of age. “Our two-year-old heifers have consistently weaned from 55 to 60 percent of their body weight, even during three years of a five-year drought,” Brown said. “We’ve seen 95 to 100 percent re-breed on two year old heifers nursing their first calf.”

“Hotlanders are high red meat yield cattle,” Brown said. “They average over 70 percent Yield Grade 1s and 2s. Quality grade has averaged about 67 percent choice and better. The meat is tender. We had 99 steers in a National Cattlemen’s Association tenderness project, where the Hotlander meat was compared to SimAngus, Brangus, Braford and Simbrah. Testing demonstrated that the Hotlander Warner Bratzler Shear Force averaged only 5.4 pounds with all Hotlanders testing in the acceptable range.”

“AT THE TIME THAT ROB BROWN DEVELOPED THE HOTLANDER BREED, A LOT OF PRODUCERS WERE TURNING TO BLACK HIDES, BUT I FIND THE RED CATTLE DO BETTER FOR ME,” – Dr. Ron Gill Cow longevity spans 15 to 18 years. With the Simmental influence, cows retain udder quality. Feedlot gain and carcass data has also proven to be highly satisfactory.

Dr. Ron Gill, Associate Department Head for Extension Animal Science at Texas A&M ArgiLife Extension started using Hotlander genetics a couple of years ago on his ranch south of Decatur, TX. He made the

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82 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

change after watching his conception rates and weaning weights decline as the genetic makeup of his cow herd moved away from heat tolerant breeds like Beefmaster. “I needed to add heterosis and hybrid vigor to my cowherd genetics without losing carcass quality,” Gill said. “Brahman influence can improve performance, but there can be quite a price discrimination in sale barns against cattle that display the Brahman influence. That was the primary reason I started using the Hotlander breed.” “Drought tolerant” is often a term associated with Hotlanders, but Gill noted that no breed is actually drought tolerant. “They all need grass and water to live,” Gill said. “However, the Bos indicus breeds from Brahman and their composite breeds such as Brangus, Beefmaster, etc. are all more heat tolerant than Bos Taurus breeds such as Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Simmental, etc. The other advantage to Bos Indicus cattle is the ability to remain productive in areas where forage quality is lower. Bos indicus breeds evolved in areas where forage quality was much lower than in the U.S. Therefore, their digestive system can function a little differently and their maintenance requirements are a little lower.” Gill, who keeps detailed records of weaning and finishing weights, knows Beefmaster genetics had a positive influence on his cattle’s growth rates. He typically takes 45 to 70 days to precondition weaned

Hotlanders are moderate-sized cows with high reproductive efficiency. Courtesy photo

Hotlander bulls can be used on any breed of cow to improve growth, fertility and reproductive efficiency. Courtesy photo

Mitchell Technical Institute 1800 E. Spruce St. Mitchell, SD 57301

calves before sending them to the feedyard, tracking weight and performance throughout that phase. “Weaning weights range from 575 to 725, depending on the kind of year we have,â€? Gill said. “Due to the dry conditions we often have, weaning weights are pretty inconsistent.â€? Another Hotlander trait Gill appreciates is the medium-frame size. He notes that larger cows require too many acres of what is often scant forage on his ranch. “At the time that Rob Brown developed the Hotlander breed, a lot of producers were turning to black hides, but I find the red cattle do better for me,â€? Gill said. “We still have some productive black cows on our operation. However, we have been weighing calves at weaning for many years and our red calves average about 40 pounds higher weaning weights than my black calves, even when they’re sired from the same bull. I certainly don’t say everyone would have the same result, but it’s pretty consistent on our operation.â€? Brown said Hotlander bulls can be used on any breed of cow to improve growth, fertility and reproductive efficiency. “They work great on Beefmaster, Brangus, Braford, and Santa Gertrudis,â€? Brown said. “The cross improves carcass quality, yield and tenderness. The beautiful part of using the Hotlander bulls is that they allow you to keep heat tolerant replacement females that will work very well in your environment. With a planned breeding program like this, calves will be uniform and stay that way generation after generation. Within three generations, your cattle will be bred up to purebred Hotlander status. “In tough environments, Hotlander cattle do more things right than any other breed of cattle we’ve ever known,â€? Brown added. “I believe a lot of continental English composites like the ones developed by Clay Center would be more climatically adapted to the northern region. Understanding genetics isn’t easy, but this kind of composite offers great potential.â€? More information about Hotlander™ cattle is available at www.rabrownranch.com/hotlander.html.

The South Dakota Center for Farm/Ranch Management at Mitchell Technical Institute is an organized program dedicated to assisting agriculture producers in South Dakota to become better business managers. Our goal? To help you learn better business methods and build technical skills, and practice methods to help you keep it all organized. Now available in western South Dakota! Our West River instructor will come to your farm or ranch. Contact David Koupal today to learn how you can enroll and get started in 2013!

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 83

A

2012 Fall Cattle Journal

dvertisers GUIDE ■Country Pride Coop............... 82 ■5L Red Angus........................... 6 ■Alltech South Dakota ............ 52 ■Arnold Realty ........................ 70 ■Assman Implement.......... 25, 34 ■Auman Mack .......................... 73 ■B & B Sales ............................. 15 ■Bejot Feed Lots...................... 58 ■BHSS Gold Rush .................... 85 ■Bieber Red Angus.................... 5 ■Bill’s Volume Sales, Inc ........ 32 ■Bridger Steel .......................... 16 ■Brooks Chalky Butte Ranch ... 4 ■Brozik Angus .......................... 38 ■Butler Machinery Co ............. 72 ■Cammack Ranch Supply ....... 13 ■Carls Trailers ......................... 47 ■Cattle Range .......................... 14 ■CHS Nutrition ........................ 69 ■Common Sense Mfg. .............. 77

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84 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 85

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2012 Fall Cattle Journal ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 87

China Wall Ranch - Albany Country, Wyoming -6,535+/- deeded acres and 1,602+/- lease acres located in Sybille Canyon, between Laramie and Wheatland, Wyoming. -Three creeks run through the property providing water to most of the pastures. -There are also three spring fed watering tanks, as well as a solar powered well. -The ranch is cross-fenced into 6 pastures, with an abundance of forage and the many different canyons provide adequate protection for livestock and wildlife. Offered for $5,000,000

Grand Canyon Recreational Retreat - Crook, Wyoming The Grand Canyon Recreational Retreat is a unique recreational property tucked in the middle of the Black Hills National Forest. Located approximately 31 miles north of Newcastle, 41 miles from SpearďŹ sh, and 26 miles from Deadwood, off Highway 85 on Forest Service Road 107/807, this 145 +/- deeded acres of unfenced, raw land is surrounded by 1.2 million acres of National Forest. The property has no power, but it can be accessed only a few miles away. This acreage feels very remote, yet is only 3 miles from Highway 85, which is its best attribute. Offered for $580,000

Jackpot Ranch - Sundance, Wyoming For the ďŹ rst time in history, the Jackpot Ranch is being offered for sale. This legacy horse and cattle ranch is located approximately 8 mile west of Sundance, WY, just off I-90. The ranch consists of approximately 6,300 deeded acres, with another 320 acres of state of Wyoming lease acres and 280 BLM lease. Beaver Creek is a year-round stream that runs through the core of the ranch, a pipeline system supplies water to cisterns and stock tanks. There are approximately 6,200 mineral acres of the total 6,300 deeded acres intact. This is an incredibly diverse and productive ranch with tremendous wildlife populations. Offered for $10,395,000.

King Trust Land - Johnson County, Wyoming The King Trust Land is a rare opportunity to own a large acre parcel in the heart of Buffalo, Wyoming. Consisting of approximately 197 acres of irrigated grassland, this property has excellent views of the Bighorns, great home sites, unbeatable location and easy access off of North Bypass Road via King Lane. Located just outside of Buffalo city limits, with no zoning or covenants, the King Trust Land has endless opportunity for Buyers looking for residential or commercial development. Offered for $2,955,000

Pete Suhit Mountain Property - Johnson County, Wyoming The Pete Suhit Mountain Property (pronounced sweet) is an exceptional offering in the heart of the Big Horn Mountains. Consisting of 1,001 +/- acres of which 921 +/- acres are deeded and 80+/- acres are state of Wyoming lease, this parcel brings together a diversity of open grass range and timbered ridges. The Pete Suhit Mountain Property is easily accessed by turning south off of U.S. Highway 16, and traveling down the Hazelton Road two miles past Dullknife Reservoir. The southwest corner of the property and access is directly across from the Rome Hill Road turnoff. Price Recently Reduced to: $1,519,650

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88 ★ Tri-State Livestock News ★ 2012 Fall Cattle Journal

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