Thames & Kosmos 2012 Product Catalog

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SCIENCE KITS 2012



Thames & Kosmos science kits offer hands-on learning through experimentation and model building, include comprehensive full-color books and instructions, cover relevant topics pertinent to the world today, consist of high-quality materials and custom-designed parts, provide fun and enjoyable activities for effective learning, and have been safety tested for the United States and Europe.

Alternative Energy & Environmental Science Science involving mankind’s relationship to the environment, with a strong focus on renewable energy technologies

Astronomy & Space Extraterrestrial science including the study of stars, planets, and the universe, as well as aerospace science

Biology

The kits are organized into the four series listed below according to their complexity and the recommended age of the user. The kits are also organized into the twelve subject categories listed to the right.

The science of living things including plants, animals, and humans

LITTLE LABS

Historical Science

Introductory science kits created specifically for children ages 5 to 7, with instruction books that favor illustrations over text

Science with historical context, including archaeology, history of science, and retro-themed kits

IGNITION SERIES

Construction+Science

Concise and amusing science kits designed to spark a lifelong love of science in kids ages 8 to 11

EXPLORATION SERIES Broad, fun, and accessible science kits that take kids deeper into their scientific explorations. For kids ages 8 to 13

SIGNATURE SERIES Thames & Kosmos’ biggest, coolest, and most comprehensive science kits. For kids and adults

Kosmos Quality and Safety

10 0 Y

EA RS

More than one hundred years of expertise in publishing science experiment kits stand behind every product that bears the Kosmos name. Kosmos experiment kits are designed by an experienced team of specialists and tested with the utmost care during development and production. With regard to product safety, these experiment kits follow European and US safety standards, as well as our own refined proprietary safety guidelines. By working closely with our manufacturing partners and safety testing labs, we are able to control all stages of production. While the majority of our products are made in Germany, all of our products, regardless of origin, follow the same rigid quality standards.

Chemistry The science of the properties, structure, and composition of matter, and chemical reactions

The intersection of hands-on, open-ended construction kits and scientific experiment kits

Crystals & Materials Crystallography, crystal growing, mineralogy, and materials science

Earth Science & Natural History Geology, climatology, paleontology, and the study of Earth and its atmosphere

Multi-Subject Interdisciplinary kits that blend and relate different scientific fields

Physics The science of matter, energy, force, and motion, including mechanical physics

Sophisticated Science Science creatively applied to the finer things in culture, careers, and hobbies

Electrical Science Electricity, magnetism, and electronic technologies


N O I T A R O L P X E SERIES YDAY EXPERIMENTS

SY, EVER A E , UCTIONS N R U T F S N I ED LUSTRAT L I P E T S W STEP-BY ULD KNO O H S D I EVERY K SCIENCE

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EXPLORATION SERIES


Chemistry C500 Chemistry C500 takes you on an introductory tour of chemistry with 28 classic experiments. Learn about reactions between solids, liquids, and gases. Discover the colorful effects of acids and bases. Perform astonishing “magic” tricks for your friends. Make fizzy and foamy reactions. Write messages with invisible ink. Investigate metals and salts in electrochemical experiments with a 9-volt battery (not included). Learn for yourself how chemistry goes far beyond textbooks and laboratories to explain occurrences that happen around us every day. The 48-page, full-color experiment manual gives simple instructions for setting up and performing each experiment, and then clear explanations of what happened and why. This kit is ideal for children who are interested in chemistry but who are not yet ready for a more advanced chemistry set. It serves as an excellent introduction to our other chemistry sets. Ages 10+

 48 p

665012

Candy Chemistry Explore chemistry as you cook up candies and chocolates in the kitchen! Perform a number of sweet experiments and learn important physical science principles related to candy and cooking. Discover why sugar crystallizes to make rock candy. Learn about specific heat and the phases of matter by molding chocolates. Use a thermometer and learn about heat and temperature while boiling sugar. Gain experience with measurements and conversions, volumes, and weights. Investigate the chemistry of gummy bears. Learn about the mysterious phenomenon of triboluminescence with wintergreen candies. Make gummy candies, chocolate shapes, and hard sugar candy using the special tools included: plastic and metal molds, candy thermometer, spatula, dipping fork, and more. Finish them with foils, paper cups, sticks, and wrappers. The 48-page, full-color manual provides instructions and explanations. Does not contain hazardous chemicals or food items; you supply the safe ingredients from your kitchen. Ages 10+

 48 p

665003

EXPLORATION SERIES

3


Climate & Weather The state of Earth’s atmosphere affects us all, which explains why the weather is one of the most popular topics of conversation and scientific study. With 23 hands-on experiments, you can investigate specific weather phenomena as well as the climate system in general. Build a model of Earth and its atmosphere and then use it to conduct experiments that show how the global wind system works. Trace air currents from the icy cold poles to the warm equator and back with a wisp of smoke. Model Earth’s heat reservoirs, thermals, and global and local winds. Recreate ocean currents in a small basin of water. Simulate Earth’s rotation and revolution to learn how the sun affects the weather daily and seasonally. Learn about the climatic zones and the composition of the atmosphere. Experiment to see how carbon dioxide levels affect temperature. Explore the hydrological cycle to learn about humidity, clouds, and precipitation. Build a simple barometer, set up a rain gauge, and track the temperature. Full-color, 48-page manual. Ages 10+

 48 p

665006

Bubble Science Experiment with fascinating soap bubbles to learn physical science fundamentals in a fun way. For countless generations, people have been captivated by the unique properties of soap bubbles. See for yourself why these elegantly simple structures of soap, water, and air are still studied by scientists, modeled by mathematicians, emulated by architects, and immortalized by artists and writers. Blow giant bubbles, mini-bubbles, bubbles within bubbles, chains of bubbles, and bubble blankets. Mix the perfect bubble solution. Learn about the love-hate relationship between soap and water, and the scientific phenomenon of surface tension. Observe the subtle colors of bubbles, and discover how a bubble’s color can reveal when it will pop. Make geometric bubble shapes and build soap film domes, roofs, and bridges. You can also learn some tricks and games that you can play with bubbles. The full-color, 48-page book guides you through 29 experiments. Ages 9+

* 4

EXPLORATION SERIES

 48 p

665043


Physics Discovery Construct 12 models and conduct experiments with them to learn about forces and simple machines. Each model demonstrates a fundamental idea in mechanical physics. For example, you can build a balance scale to learn about lever arms, a freight elevator to learn about pulleys, and a bicycle to learn about wheels. Construct a spinning motion picture machine to learn about centripetal and centrifugal forces, and a geared transmission to learn about gears. Build a simple spring scale to measure the forces acting on your models and an inclined plane to learn about normal force and gravitational force. Make a water wheel powered crane and a catapult to learn about the transfer of energy. Finally, put your physics knowledge to the test by building a sailing land yacht and a rubber band powered dragster. The 48-page book offers illustrated instructions for the building projects and experiments. Physics Discovery uses parts that are compatible with all of our Physics and Construction kits. Ages 8+

 48 p

665067

Solar Mechanics Build more than 20 solar-powered models to learn about how solar cells convert energy from sunlight into mechanical energy. Conduct experiments with the solar cell to see how different placement angles, different light levels, different sources of light, and different loads affect its operation. Learn about solar power in a fun, hands-on way. This kit includes a unique single-piece solar motor that is composed of a photovoltaic cell and an electric motor joined together in one compact unit. With this solar motor, you can power dozens of electric vehicles and devices. Build models including cars, trucks, planes, windmills, waterwheels, robots, and other vehicles. The 60-page, full-color experiment manual offers step-by-step illustrated instructions for the building projects and experiments. The building system is compatible with all of our other Physics and Construction kits. Ages 8+

 60 p

665068

EXPLORATION SERIES

5


Genetics & DNA Head into the lab for an in-depth investigation of genetics, the branch of biology focused on heredity and variation in organisms, and DNA, the acid that holds the blueprints for life. See genetic material with your own eyes as you isolate the DNA from a tomato in a test tube. Investigate inheritance and learn how traits are passed down from parents to children. Learn about dominant and recessive genes and play inheritance games to determine how traits will be expressed. Learn about the biology of reproduction, the components of cells, and how chromosomes are combined and copied. Assemble a model to see the elegant double-stranded helical structure of DNA. Then crack the genetic code and find out how the different parts, called nucleotides, fit together. Analyze DNA evidence to identify suspects and solve a crime. Breed your own bacteria colony to experiment with survival of the fittest. Read about how mutation affects genes and how scientists clone plants and animals. Full-color, 48-page manual. Ages 10+

 48 p

665002

Optical Science Astonish yourself with optical illusions and amazing visual phenomena as you explore human perception and the physics of light. Experiment with light and the color spectrum by building a color wheel, a fiber optic peacock, and diffraction glasses. Learn how the eye and a camera are similar and how they are different. Build a camera obscura and pinhole glasses. Investigate lenses and light refraction. Experiment with spatial vision and depth perception with 3D glasses and an Ames room model. Find your blind spot and watch things disappear. View stunning optical illusions involving shapes, color, depth, and scale. Make a curved line look straight. Turn cardboard transparent. See the world shrink. Make white by mixing red, green, and blue, and see colors in black and white. See firsthand how your eye and brain work together to perceive color, light, depth, perspective, size, shape, and motion. Conduct over 35 experiments, guided by the 48-page, full-color manual. Ages 8+

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EXPLORATION SERIES

 48 p

665005


Motors & Generators Electric motors and generators are in countless devices, appliances, and vehicles we use every day. They are an essential technology in our modern world. With this kit, you can conduct 25 experiments to learn how an electric motor converts electricity into motion, and how an electric generator does just the opposite, converting motion into electricity. The electric motor is made of transparent plastic to show how the inside components work. Set up the motor to run on battery power and learn how a motor works. Then reconfigure the device to work in reverse as a hand-crank electric generator. Experiment with magnets to learn about the force of magnetism, and how magnetic fields relate to electric current. Build simple circuits consisting of the motor or generator, wires, and a light bulb to learn about the flow of electricity. Learn about gears and drive-trains and how they work to effectively convert kinetic energy into electrical energy and back again. The full-color, 48page manual guides your experiments with step-by-step instructions. Ages 8+

 48 p

665036

Magnetic Science Explore the invisible and amazing power of magnets with 33 engaging experiments and games. This science experiment kit contains many magnets of different shapes and sizes, and a variety of other components with which you can explore this classic scientific subject. Experiment to determine which materials are magnetic and which are not. Learn about magnetic poles and magnetic fields. Discover how Earth behaves like one giant magnet, and how we use compasses to take advantage of this phenomenon to determine which way is north. Conduct a series of experiments to learn first hand how magnets behave and interact under different conditions. Make invisible magnetic fields visible using iron filings in an enclosed transparent box. Build an electromagnet to learn how electricity relates to magnetism. Finally, have some fun with what you have learned by playing some games with magnets. The full-color, 48-page manual guides your experiments with illustrated step-by-step instructions. Ages 8+

 48 p

665050

EXPLORATION SERIES

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The mission of the National Geographic Society is to inspire people to care about the planet. The National Geographic science kits from Thames & Kosmos further that mission by helping kids learn about science in a fun way. A portion of the proceeds from the sale of National Geographic kits goes to support vital exploration, conservation, research, and education programs.

Photograph by NASA/National Geographic Society

Archaeology: Pyramid Dig Play the role of archaeologist as you explore this pyramid model and the treasures buried within. After using hieroglyphics to decipher the secret to unlocking the pyramid, use tools and techniques similar to those of a real archaeologist to carefully excavate a sarcophagus and four canopic urns from the hardened sandy catacomb inside. Practice the best techniques for excavating an archaeological site, such as digging, troweling, screening, brushing, and record keeping. As you uncover the artifacts in the pyramid, you will learn about important aspects of archaeological science, including surveys, excavation, conservation, dating, and remote sensing. Learn how to create a gridded excavation site and a diorama. Investigate the layout of the pyramid, its various chambers, hidden passageways, and security devices by constructing a three-dimensional cross section of the pyramid. A full-color, 32-page manual gives step-by-step instructions for the activities and experiments. Ages 8+

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 32 p

665001

EXPLORATION SERIES Š 2011 National Geographic Society

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC and Yellow Border Design are trademarks of the National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.


Space Exploration Blast off on a mission to explore outer space and the objects in it with a wide array of cosmic experiments. Launch three types of rockets, using balloons and chemical reactions to learn about rocket propulsion. Build a telescope and star map to investigate the stars and constellations. Assemble a model of the solar system, and learn about the planets that share it. Find out how Earth’s rotation creates day and night, how Earth’s axis and revolution around the sun cause the seasons, and how the moon’s rotation around Earth gives us the phases of the moon. See for yourself how meteorites formed the craters on the moon. Make a moon flip book and a moon calendar, and find the “man in the moon.” Model lunar and solar eclipses. Build a sundial and a solar collector to experiment with the sun. Grasp a comet’s tail, and learn how meteoroids become falling stars. See how the universe is expanding with a simple model. A full-color, 48-page experiment book guides your exploration. Ages 8+

 48 p

665004

Volcanoes & Earthquakes Earth is constantly changing. Massive pieces of its outer layer are slowly sliding under, over, away from, or past each other. Earthquakes shake the continents and oceans, and volcanoes spew out the molten insides of our planet. By studying these awe-inspiring and devastating natural phenomena, you can learn more about the inner workings of Earth. Build and erupt a model volcano with plaster-based “lava” that hardens after each eruption. The volcano can be erupted multiple times, and the volcanic cone builds up with each eruption, like a real volcano. Learn about the different types of volcanoes. Build a working seismograph, and fake some ‘quakes to see for yourself how scientists measure earthquake forces. Discover plate tectonics, and see how volcanoes and earthquakes are caused by the constant movement of the planet’s parts. Assemble a plate tectonics puzzle and a geological globe. Play a volcano quiz game to learn about well-known volcanoes. A full-color, 48-page experiment manual is included. Ages 10+

 48 p

665081

EXPLORATION SERIES © 2011 National Geographic Society

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC and Yellow Border Design are trademarks of the National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.

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G LIFELON CE A G N I SPARK OVE OF SCIEN L

Science Experiments On The Go Take your experiments on the road with this travel-friendly science kit! The kit includes everything you need to do fun experiments on road trips, plane flights, train rides, and vacations. Assemble a simple pair of binoculars and learn how they work. Set up a mini cable car to run between car windows or airplane tray tables. Explore rotational speed with a spinning disk experiment. Build a balance scale to measure weights. Calculate how far a distance is on a map, and how fast you are traveling. Learn fun facts about migrating animals and how fast Earth is traveling through space. Experiment with a mini boomerang. Observe optical illusions with a spinning top. Make a “lenticular” postcard that looks different depending on the viewing angle. Ages 8+

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IGNITION SERIES

8p

659202


2011 Dr. Tooyf the Green Toy d! Year Awar

Global Water Quality The global experiment continues! Scientists, educators, and students around the world are uniting to conduct the largest experiment ever. The subject is water, our most precious natural resource. This kit offers you the tools you need to participate. Test water quality with pH analysis. Build a water filter tower to clean dirty water. Experiment with water purification by evaporation. Learn how science can be used to give people around the world access to clean water. See water.chemistry2011.org for additional information. Ages 8+

 20 p

659288

IGNITION SERIES

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Glowing Crystals CHEM C100 Test Lab Conduct experiments on household substances to reveal their unique chemical properties. Learn about chemical analysis as you use basic lab techniques to distinguish common chemicals from one another. Test the substances to see if they dissolve in a solution with water, are acidic or basic with a pH test, react to form gases, crystallize out of solution, and carbonize when heated. Compare your data to chemical ID cards to find out what each chemical is. Ages 8+

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 12 p

713164

IGNITION SERIES

Grow phosphorescent crystals that glow in the dark! Experiment with growing crystals of different sizes. Learn about why crystals form, what crystal lattice structure is, and what makes these crystals glow. Ages 8+

 12 p

659127


Physics: Simple Machines Establish a foundation in physics by building models of all six simple machines: levers, pulleys, inclined planes, screws, wedges, and wheels and axles. Assemble and use a spring scale to measure how the machines change the direction and magnitude of forces, making work easier to do. Ages 8+

 12 p

700001

Physics: Force & Pressure Balloons are more than just a lot of hot air! Learn about air pressure and force by doing lively experiments with air, water, and rubber balloons. See how air is not just emptiness, but has volume and takes up space. Try blowing up a balloon in a bottle. Make a simple water fountain to learn about air pressure. Race a jet-propelled balloon rocket to investigate forces. Lift a pile of books with your breath. Blow up a balloon with a simple chemical reaction. You’ll have a blast with balloons zooming, floating, popping, and flying all around the room! Ages 8+

8p

659271

IGNITION SERIES

13


Recycled Paper Press Recycle your scrap paper, old newspapers, and tissue paper into beautiful hand-crafted paper. Start with a slurry of paper pulp, drain it in the sieve tray, then press it flat with a special tool. Experiment with different paper fibers and add pigment tablets to change the color of your paper. Learn why recycling used materials into new ones is a crucial and growing practice around the world. Ages 8+

 12 p

659066

Solar Cooking Science Construct a parabolic solar cooker with 14 interlocking foil pieces that reflect and focus the sun’s radiation on a small cooking container. Heat water or melt chocolate to make an environmentally friendly fondue. Learn about solar thermal energy, a powerful and promising source of renewable energy. Ages 8+

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IGNITION SERIES

 12 p

659226


Forensics Fingerprint Lab Become a science sleuth as you practice the science of fingerprint detection and collection. Collect fingerprints by dusting them with black powder and lifting them with clear stickers. Design a fingerprint file card and take prints from your friends and family. Learn how the FBI classifies fingerprints. Once you have mastered fingerprinting, put your skills to the test by playing a detective game to find and match prints. Learn why our fingers leave prints and why they are such solid evidence in criminal investigations. Ages 8+

 12 p

658410

Dinosaur Fossils Fossilize, dig up, and reconstruct a dinosaur skeleton replica. Learn how fossils form, how paleontologists excavate them, and how dinosaur bones are pieced together to form complete skeletons. Model the process of fossilization by burying your dinosaur bones in layers of plaster “rock.” Carefully excavate the bones from the plaster using the tools and techniques of paleontologists. Finally, assemble the dinosaur bones into a complete skeleton. Ages 8+

 20 p

630416

IGNITION SERIES

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The Little Labs line begins with Stepping into Science, a starter kit that covers five topics. The kit teaches science fundamentals through 25 experiments, while at the same time introducing children to the concept and process of experimentation. Intro to Engineering welcomes children to the world of engineering, The Human Body gives them an introduction to human anatomy, and Botany enables them to learn about plant biology. In addition, there are four single-topic kits: Plant Science, Physics & Forces, Weather Science, and Stars & Planets. Each kit offers a handful of essential experiments that address common questions children have from their everyday observations. The simple instructions included in each Little Labs kit rely heavily on illustrations. They have just enough text to reinforce vocabulary and aid in language learning, and also to advise parents and adult supervisors. The kits do not have to be used sequentially.

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Stepping into Science Begin a lifetime of scientific investigation and understanding with 25 fun experiments in five key areas: nature, physics, chemistry, air, and water. Learn what plants need to grow, build a barometer, see how water climbs, watch plants sweat, and investigate plant propagation. Discover how a magnifying glass

enlarges, how colors mix, how static electricity attracts, how sundials tell time, and how a motion picture works. Investigate air pressure, air flow, hovercraft, paper airplanes, and suction. Write secret messages, float a paper clip, blow super bubbles, observe capillary action, and test displacement. Build a soap-driven boat, mix oil and water, experiment with evaporation, paint with sugar, and watch a balloon inflate itself.

With a 48-page guidebook, Stepping into Science teaches science fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments, while also introducing children to the scientific method itself. Ages 5+

 48 p

602079


Intro to Engineering Intro to Engineering welcomes young children to the field of engineering with 25 experiments and building projects in five sections. By engaging in hands-on activities, children will learn how engineers apply their scientific and technical knowledge to design machines and devices. Start by learning some engineering basics with experiments on levers, forces, and pulleys. Build simple devices using these basic components. Move on to explore engineering on land by building vehicles with wheels, such as a race car and a wind-up car. Next, investigate engineering with air (and in the air) by building a helicopter, a pinwheel, a parachute, a glider, a balloon rocket, and an air-powered carousel. Then, build a diving bell, a sailboat, and a paddle boat to experiment with engineering in water. Finally, find engineering in your own home with experiments modeling the telephone and television. With a 48-page guidebook, Intro to Engineering teaches engineering fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments and building projects.

l introduce engineering to young children with basic building projects l experiment with simple machines like levers, forces, and pulleys l conduct engineering projects on land, in the air, and in the water l step-by-step illustrated instructions so children can easily follow along Ages 5+

 48 p

602086

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Botany: Experimental Greenhouse Budding botanists will love getting their hands dirty in this unique biological science experiment kit. Learn about plants and seeds by conducting experiments in a specially designed botanical laboratory with greenhouse domes. Assemble the domed greenhouses, complete with thermometers and ventilation. Construct an automatic watering system to keep your plants from getting too thirsty. Grow beans, cress, and zinnia flowers, and learn how each plant has different needs. Experiment with plant cells and capillary action. Learn how roots work to transport water and nutrients throughout a plant. Conduct experiments that demonstrate how plants need water, light, and heat to grow. Discover the strength of a bean and how leaves sweat. See why grass grows back after it is cut and how cuttings can grow roots. Germinate fruit and vegetable plants from the seeds in your kitchen. Grow a flower garden. Make tiny plaster bugs to decorate your garden. Collect seeds with your socks, and grow a funny grass head. Make leaf and bark rubbings. Learn how you can force budded branches to bloom in winter. With a 48-page, full-color illustrated guidebook, this kit teaches botany fundamentals with step-by-step instructions for the hands-on experiments as well as growing information for many common plants.

Ages 5+

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 48 p

635022


The Human Body Learn about the human body by doing experiments with your five senses that show you how your body works. By exploring the external aspects of your body with handson experiments, you can learn a lot about the inside anatomy of the body. Examine your fingerprints to learn how you are unique. Build a stethoscope and listen to your heartbeat to learn how your heart pumps blood, and listen to your gurgling tummy to learn how your stomach works. With the stethoscope, you can investigate how your ears hear with a listening game and a sound memory experiment. Test your lung capacity to learn about how your lungs work. Examine your diet and your digestive functions to learn how your body processes nutrients to give you the energy to do more experiments! Try a blindfolded exercise to find out about hand-eye coordination. Take a tickle test to learn about your skin and sensory receptors. Monitor your pulse to learn about your circulatory system. Follow your nose in a smell memory game to learn about your sense of smell. Take a blindfolded taste test to learn about your tongue. Try some balancing exercises to explore your muscles and bones. Discover how your ears play a role in your balance. Construct a magic telescope, spin an optical illusion top, and hold a staring contest to see how your eyes work. Relate your experiments back to human body systems, including the internal organs, skeleton, muscles, and the circulatory system, with clear and accurate anatomical illustrations. With a 48-page, full-color illustrated guidebook, this kit teaches human biology fundamentals with step-by-step, hands-on experiments. Ages 5+

 48 p

602093

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Plant Science

Learn how plants germinate from seeds, how they grow, what they need to grow, what they produce, and how their roots, stems, and leaves work.

Physics & Forces

Learn about mechanical physics by building simple machines such as levers, gears, and pulleys. Discover force and motion.

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Ages 5+

 20 p

602130

Ages 5+

 20 p

602123

Weather Science

Investigate weather with experiments on wind, rain, storms, clouds, rainbows, temperature, evaporation, pressure, and more.

Stars & Planets

Explore space by building a solar system, making moon craters and constellations, launching rockets, and testing to see which planets could support life.

Ages 5+

 20 p

606114

Ages 5+

 20 p

606916


Elements of Science 100 Experiments in Biology, Chemistry, and Physics Investigate the most important phenomena in biology, chemistry, and physics by conducting more than 100 fun experiments. A broad yet elaborate introduction to the physical and life sciences, this kit is intended to expose children to the full spectrum of science, and show

firsthand how the core disciplines of biology, chemistry, and physics interrelate. The full-color, 112-page book is organized into 15 chapters: 1. Water: adhesion, cohesion, buoyancy, density, states of water, surface tension 2. Air: Bernoulli’s principle, , gases, pressure, wind, molecular theory 3. Heat: temperature, evaporation, heat energy 4. Sound: music, sound waves, vibration 5. Forces: centrifugal force, energy, weight, gravity, inertia, pendulums, rockets

6. Magnetism: magnetic fields, compasses, magnetic poles, radiation 7. Electricity: electric motors, lightbulbs, simple circuits, static electricity 8. Electromagnetism: electromagnets, the EM spectrum, waves, current indicators 9. Light: camera obscura, light and shadow, light intensity 10. Optics: microscopes, telescopes, lenses, prisms, reflection, refraction, optical illusions 11. Plants and Animals: seeds, microscopic organisms, plant cycles, plants and light

12. Colors: color theory, printing, spectrum 13. The Human Body: brain, eyes, the circulatory system, ears 14. Chemistry: acids, bases, chromatography, filtration, reactions, tricks, safety 15. Earth and Sun: globes, day and night, seasons, rotation, sundials, time zones Ages 10+  112 p

631116

21 © 2011 National Geographic Society

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC and Yellow Border Design are trademarks of the National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.


Ages 8+

 48 p

636815

TK2 Scope Microscope & Biology Kit Embark on a guided journey through the microscopic world, revealing its hidden creatures and unseen structures with the TK 2 Scope. First, learn how to use the microscope and all of its parts. Next, become familiar with your scope by examining some prepared slides.

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Now, you are ready to take off on a guided investigation of plant and animal specimens that you gather and prepare yourself. This kit gives you the tools, knowledge, and skills you need to view virtually any specimen you can find. The microscope is a dual light 40-, 100-, and 400-power metal and plastic microscope. The two battery-powered LED light sources allow for both the viewing of large or opaque objects lit from above and the viewing of thinly sliced or translucent

specimens lit from below. It has a 10-power ocular lens; 4-, 10-, and 40-power objective lenses; and an aperture wheel. The lenses are all professional-quality optical glass. The microscope is durable and powerful, permitting years of continued observations. The full-color, 48-page manual guides you through set-up, usage, and dozens of fascinating observations of biological specimens.

l learn how to use the microscope and how to prepare slides l 2 bright LED lights, above and below l 40x, 100x, and 400x magnification l 4x, 10x, and 40x objective lenses and a 10x ocular lens, all made of optical grade glass l over 20 tools and accessories


Perfume Science The Art of Making Scents Follow your nose on a fragrant journey through the science, history, and art of making perfumes. Experiment with countless fragrance combinations on your way to becoming a master perfumer. Start by learning about how your nose and brain work together to perceive smells. Next, play some games with scents to train your nose. After a look at the history of fragrances and the current theories behind perfume design, you will be ready to start making your own perfumes. This kit is a complete perfumer’s laboratory including eight perfume oils, finishing solution, decorative flacons and important tools of the trade. The perfume oils are the same as those used in high-quality designer perfumes. The 32page, full-color book blossoms with informa-

tion about the biology of smell, the chemistry of scents, the fine fragrance industry, and the history of perfumes. The perfume oils in this kit were developed humanely, without animal testing.

l explore the physiology of smell l play games with smell and taste l discover the history of perfumes l extract fragrances from plants l design your own fragrances l take a peek into the perfume industry l make special scented crafts Ages 10+

 32 p

646517

Creative Cosmetics The Science of Skin Care Experience the beautiful side of biology and chemistry with this unique collection of experiments. Learn how to care for your skin, hair, and nails so they are healthy and radiant. Start by building a foundation in basic dermatology, and then learn about the chemistry of oils, gels, and lotions. Next, mix your own personalized beauty formulas from the cosmetic bases in the kit and natural ingredients from your local market. Finally, learn how to apply your creations to your body, face, lips, and eyes. You will also learn the hygiene and safety necessary for proper skin care. The kit includes eleven different cosmetics base substances to make personalized makeup, lip gloss, body lotion, face cream, and shower gel. These are real cosmetic-

grade substances that are safe, clean, hypoallergenic, and made in Europe by a company that manufactures high-quality commercial cosmetics. The 32-page, full-color book guides you through the science and history of cosmetics, and gives dozens of beauty recipes and techniques. The cosmetics in this kit were developed humanely, without animal testing.

l mix your own personalized cosmetics l experiment with healthy, all natural beauty recipes l discover what cosmetics are made of l study the biology of skin, hair, and nails Ages 12+

 32 p

642915

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Crystal Growing Crystal Experiments & Crafts Grow dozens of dazzling crystals and conduct 15 illuminating experiments with this classic science kit. Experiment with four chemically different crystals each with different properties, including potassium alum crystals that form regular octahedrons, rapidly growing sodium sulfate crystals, long needle-shaped sodium acetate crystals, and plaster which is

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made from gypsum crystals. Mold fun plaster shapes, including stars, lightning bolts, dolphins, and pyramids, and grow layers of crystals on them. Use dyes to form colored crystals, and mix the dyes to grow a rainbow of custom colored crystals. Display your crystal creations in a clear treasure chest with a locking lid. Mold your own geode — a hollow rock with crystals growing inside — and create a beautiful crystal cavern inside. Experiment with growing crystals rapidly

and slowly, and observe how that affects the crystal structures. See if you can grow one giant crystal, and many small crystals on the surface of a rock. Measure how the crystallization of solids out of a solution, and the dissolution of crystals back into solution, affect the temperature of the solution. Learn about the energy of crystallization. Investigate solutions, crystallization, and the chemistry of crystal growing. Learn about the structures and geometries of different crystal shapes.

This kit is thoroughly tested and safe: Over one million units of this kit have sold worldwide. A full-color, 32-page experiment manual guides your experiments in crystal chemistry and Earth science. Ages 12+

 32 p

643522


Crystals, Rocks & Minerals Earth Science Experiment Kit Learn about rocks and the minerals that form them. Dig deeper, and discover the fascinating crystal structures of these minerals. Much more than just a crystalgrowing kit, this experiment kit teaches you the chemistry of crystals and the geological science behind rock formation with more than 18 hands-on projects and investigations. Grow three chemically different types of crystals that exhibit not only different colors, but also different shapes. Build three-dimensional geometric models of common crystal shapes, including octahedrons, tetrahedrons, and rhomboids. Mold your own crystal geode — a hollow rock with crystals growing inside! Learn how to test and identify minerals with your very own collection of real specimens (included). Conduct tests to determine a mineral’s chemical and physical properties, such as color, luster, streak color, hardness, density, magnetism, and carbon, sulfur, or iron content. Investigate the geologic rock cycle and learn how the three main categories of rock — igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic — are formed, altered, destroyed, and formed again. A full-color, 32-page experiment manual is included.

l The kit includes the following genuine specimens: granite, limestone, basalt, marble, pumice, calcite, pyrite, quartz, hematite, bornite, fluorite, magnetite, and soapstone. l Grow three types of crystals: alum (potassium aluminum sulfate), copper(II) sulfate, and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III).

Ages 8+

 32 p

642112

25 © 2011 National Geographic Society

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC and Yellow Border Design are trademarks of the National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.


Electronics: Learning Circuits Fun Circuit Building Experiments for Beginners Construct circuits with colorful electric building blocks to learn about electricity and how electronic devices work. With the innovative snap-together blocks in this kit, children eight and up can safely and easily begin experimenting with electronic circuits. These building blocks are specially designed to make learning electronics fun and accessible. Because the blocks are brightly colored and have unique shapes, it is easy to follow the assembly diagrams to construct functional circuits. And because the circuit symbols are printed directly onto the blocks, you can quickly become familiar with the symbols and learn how to read circuit diagrams. The fun building projects include an alternating blinker, a police siren, an ambulance siren, an alarm system, a light detector, a conductivity tester, a rain warning system, a timer, and logic circuits. The electronic components in this kit include capacitors, resistors, transistors, LEDs (light emitting diodes), a phototransistor, a switch, 30 contact blocks, cable blocks, a battery holder, a speaker, and a sound integrated circuit. The 64-page, full-color experiment manual guides you through 70 circuit building experiments with easy-to-follow diagrams. This kit provides kids with the tools and instructions they need to experiment with their own hands and learn firsthand how electronics work.

Ages 8+

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 64 p

615819


Electricity & Magnetism Understanding the Force of Electromagnetism Conduct more than 60 electrifying experiments with circuits and magnetic contraptions to learn about electricity and magnetism, and how these two fundamental properties are closely related. Children eight and up can

safely and easily experiment with electric current and magnetic fields using the colorful snap-together blocks and components in this hands-on kit. Build series and parallel circuits to light up a light bulb. Experiment with push buttons and on-off switches. Assemble circuits that include a spinning motor, two switches, and up to three light bulbs. Conduct tests to see which materials are magnetic. Learn about the force of magnetism and magnetic poles. Magnetize a metal. Use

iron fillings to make invisible magnetic fields visible. Investigate magnetic force and direction with a magnetic pendulum device. Learn how a compass works and about Earth’s magnetic fields. Conduct a series of experiments with a sturdy electromagnet. Finally, put everything you have learned to good use by constructing a loudspeaker, an electromagnetic relay switch, and a morse code telegraph key. The components are specially designed to make learning fun and accessible. The

electrical blocks fit together with simple plugand-socket connectors. Because the blocks are brightly colored and have unique shapes, it is easy to follow the assembly diagrams to construct functional devices. The 64-page, full-color experiment manual guides you through experiments with easy-tofollow diagrams. Ages 8+

 64 p

620417

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Physics Workshop The Science of Matter & Energy Almost everyone has heard of a chemistry set. But until this ground-breaking kit was introduced, a physics set was almost unheard of. Physics is an essential science for everyone, and this kit provides a comprehensive explanation of mechanical physics. Through building 36 models and conducting subsequent experiments with the models, you will learn the fundamental laws of mechanical physics. Start by building small models, such as a fixed pulley, to learn about basic forces and simple machines. Then, work your way up to more complex machines, such as a pendulum clock, to learn more advanced concepts like work and centripetal force. This hands-on approach is both fun and effective because the principles of physics are demonstrated right in front of you. This kit includes more than 300 building pieces. The 64-page, full-color manual presents assembly instructions, experiments and explanations in a richly-illustrated, easyto-follow manner.

l build a windmill, two-speed crane, force scale, sail car, mars robot, hammer machine, centrifuge, pinball game, centrifugal switch, ship’s lantern, and dozens of other models l experiment with simple machines: gears, levers, screws, inclined planes, pulleys, wheels and axles l learn and understand the most fundamental physics equations l read about amazing real-world applications for physics Ages 8+

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 64 p

625412


Physics Pro Advanced Physics Kit Physics Pro is our biggest, most advanced physics kit. With this kit, you can continue your study of statics and dynamics from previous lessons and begin your study of more advanced topics in physics, including fluid dynamics, energy, oscillation, hydraulics, and pneumatics. By adding advanced topics like fluid

dynamics to your physics repertoire, you can now build some really spectacular models and devices, such as a wind tunnel, pneumatic shocks, and a hydraulic lift. You will see how physics extends far beyond the classroom, giving us an amazing set of tools that can be applied in the real world to engineer marvelous things. The main focus of the kit is the behavior of the two most important fluids in our world — water and air — and objects immersed in them. You will investigate how air and water

rest and flow, what they can carry and how they move. With experiments and models, you will find out what forces work on them and what kinds of energy they possess. You will learn how ships float and airplanes fly, why a streamlined shape lets a car drive faster and how power plants convert a current of water into electrical current. The 96-page, full-color experiment manual has two major sections. In the first part, you will enter the physics lab, where you will get to know the properties of air and water and be-

come familiar with currents and energy. There is a series of 17 experiments in which you will start building smaller models. In the second part, you will move on to the workshop, where you will build 14 larger models of complex real-world devices. More than 213 parts are included in this kit, which are compatible with all of our other Physics kits. Ages 10+

 96 p

625313

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Physics Solar Workshop Solar Power Technology in Action In one way or another, almost every form of energy we use originates as energy from the sun. Solar energy directly powers photovoltaic cells and thermal collectors. Indirectly, we get power from plants grown by the sun, oceans heated by the sun, and Earth’s weather systems sustained by the sun. Even the energy stored in fossil fuels originated as energy from the sun, captured by plants and animals millions of years ago. Physics Solar Workshop explores the topic of solar energy, focusing on photovoltaic cells. By building 12 models and conducting 30 experiments, you will learn how solar cells transform light into electrical energy, and how motors and mechanical devices can optimize the work done by this energy. You will build different types of vehicles and machines to demonstrate how gears can convert and transform power for different needs. There are 320 parts, which are also compatible with the other kits in our Physics line. The 64-page book offers illustrated instructions for the projects. Developed with GreenpeaceŽ in Germany.

l build 12 models, including a solar-powered tractor, truck, treaded vehicle, car, elevator, drawbridge, fan, airplane, mobile crane and construction crane l learn about harnessing and using solar power l learn about motors and simple machines Ages 8+

30

 64 p

623715


Fuel Cell X7 Hydrogen Powered Car Thames & Kosmos’ original model fuel cell car demonstrates the simplicity and efficiency of hydrogen technology in a tangible, hands-on way. With this kit, you can assemble a model car that runs on water! The fuel cell car in this kit uses a unique reversible fuel cell that splits water into hydrogen and oxygen gas using electric current from a battery pack. These gases are stored in clear tanks located at the back of the vehicle. When the battery pack is removed, and the electric motor is connected to the fuel cell module, the hydrogen and oxygen combine back together again into water, releasing electricity in the process. The motor runs on this electric current, propelling the car forward. Because hydrogen, oxygen, and water are safe and clean chemicals, this type of fuel cell is environmentally friendly and does not produce hazardous emissions. It takes approximately five minutes to split enough water to fill the tanks with hydrogen and oxygen gas, and the car runs for about 5 to 10 minutes on full tanks. The full-color, 16-page manual contains easy, step-by-step instructions for assembling and using the car, as well as scientific explanations.

Model X7 l front wheel drive l electric motor l PEM fuel cell l clear plastic body l output of about 16 mA at 1.4 V

l assemble a working fuel cell car l discover how fuel cells work l use a unique reversible fuel cell l learn about the potential alternative energies for automobiles l learn about fuel cell car design Ages 10+

 16 p

628777

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Stirling Engine Car & Experiment Kit Discover the Stirling engine, a simple, clean and efficient energy technology that is quickly becoming a viable source of electricity as the availability of fossil fuels declines. The Stirling engine in this kit uses renewable energy from the sun to drive a generator, which charges a rechargeable battery to power an electric car.

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Named after its inventor, Robert Stirling, the original Stirling engine dates back almost 200 years. Today, high-tech Stirling engines are being used in arrays of giant mirrored solar collectors and common applications like compact generators. NASA is even working on using Stirling engines to power a human outpost on the moon! Like a steam engine, a Stirling engine is a heat engine that converts heat energy into mechanical work, usually to drive a generator that then converts the mechanical energy into

electricity. But instead of water and steam, the Stirling engine uses a permanently enclosed volume of gas, such as air or helium, to perform the mechanical work. Stirling engines are highly efficient, can operate very quietly, and can use many different sources of heat: combustion of fuels, nuclear fission, geothermal, or solar heat, as this model uses. The Stirling engine in this kit is located in a charging station with a mirrored parabolic dish. The dish focuses the sun’s rays onto the cylindrical glass bulb of the Stirling engine to

heat it up. The air inside the bulb heats up and pushes a piston, which turns an electric generator. The generator produces electricity that charges a rechargeable battery in the car. The car runs on an electric motor powered by the battery. The kit includes the charging station with a beta type Stirling engine, the electric car, and a full-color, 32-page manual. Ages 12+

 32 p

620325


Model 10

Fuel Cell 10

l rear wheel drive

Car & Experiment Kit The Fuel Cell 10 Car & Experiment Kit provides a hands-on introduction to one of the most significant technologies of the early 21st century. With this kit, you can build a model car that actually runs on water! First, use solar energy to separate water into hydrogen and oxygen. Then, plug in the motor and the fuel cell uses these gases to produce electricity that moves your vehicle across the floor. The only by-product is clean water. Roll up your sleeves and find out about fuel cells, solar cells, and electrolysis through more than a dozen experiments and demonstrations you can do on your own, in a classroom, or with friends. Some fuel cells, such as this one, do not consume fossil fuels and therefore are considered environmentally friendly. Recently redesigned, this 10th Anniversary Edition includes a completely redesigned car, multimeter, solar panel, and manual. The kit also comes with a rolling display stand and a battery pack. The full-color, 64-page manual is a comprehensive lesson in solar cells and fuel cells.

l electric motor l PEM fuel cell l white plastic body

y 2011 Dr. Toic Best Class! Toy Award

l output of about 16 mA at 1.4 V

l learn how solar cells turn sunlight into electricity l experiment with a unique reversible Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell l discover how fuel cells work l learn how to use a multimeter l calculate the efficiency of the solar cell and fuel cell Ages 10+

 64 p

620318

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heel! New Water w For every Hydropower kit sold, 1% of the suggested retail price will be donated to environmentally focused non-profit organizations in the United States, with programs devoted to environmental education and/or the adoption of renewable energy. See our web site for a list of the recipients.

Hydropower Renewable Energy Science Kit Hydropower has been used for hundreds of years in watermills and is now commonly used to generate electricity in applications such as hydroelectric dams and tidal power plants. Explore the power of water by building models and conducting experiments with them. Learn about how different devices are used to extract useful energy from moving water —

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from a waterwheel in a small stream to a giant turbine in a tidal power station. Build a waterwheel, a sawmill, and a hammer mill to harness the energy of moving water to do different types of physical work. Investigate the intriguing properties of water by performing experiments involving surface tension, adhesion, and cohesion. Learn about water pressure by building a water tower, communicating vessels, and a water fountain. Construct a hydroelectric power station to generate electricity and light an LED. Learn

about where the energy in ocean waves, tides, and rivers comes from, and discover how we can generate electricity from them. The full-color, 32-page experiment manual offers illustrated instructions and scientific information.

l 12 experiments and building projects l harness mechanical energy from water to do physical work l generate electricity to light an LED

l learn the physics of water turbines l discover why hydropower is a promising source of energy Ages 8+

 32 p

624811


For every Wind Power kit sold, 1% of the suggested retail price will be donated to environmentally focused non-profit organizations in the United States, with programs devoted to environmental education and/or the adoption of renewable energy. See our web site for a list of the recipients.

Wind Power Renewable Energy Science Kit Build a working wind turbine to harness power out of thin air. Wind is one of the most promising sources of clean, renewable energy available today. Wind energy has been used for centuries to pump water and crush grain in windmills, and is now increasingly being used to generate electricity to power our modern world. First, assemble a wind turbine complete with electric generator, adjustable rotors, and wind speed indicator. Then, conduct more than 20 experiments with your wind turbine, including experiments with different numbers of rotor blades, different blade angles and profiles, different wind speeds, different gear ratios, and so on. Use the wind turbine to generate mechanical power to lift a heavy weight or generate electricity to light up an LED and charge a rechargeable battery. During the experiments, you will learn the physics of force and motion as it applies to wind power technology. Learn how to measure and calculate the different forces acting on the rotor blades by breaking them down into vectors. Discover how the sun makes the wind, providing us with an endless source of energy. Read about different types of wind turbines and windmills. The full-color, 32-page experiment manual offers illustrated instructions and scientific information.

ialty 2009 SpecY ear Toy of the Nominee! New Turbine Blades!

l build a working wind turbine l harness mechanical energy from wind to lift weights l generate electricity to light an LED and charge a battery l learn the physics of wind turbines l discover how wind occurs and why it is such a promising energy source

Ages 8+

 32 p

623913

35


Eco-Battery Vehicles The Future of Electric Cars It’s looking increasingly inevitable that electric vehicles (EV’s for short) will be the cars of the future. More specifically, battery electric vehicles (or BEV’s) — which are powered entirely by rechargeable chemical cells — are starting to become practical. Many major auto manufacturers have BEV’s in development, and a

36

few already have BEV’s on the road today. The challenge in making BEV’s a viable transportation solution is the battery. Batteries must be easy to recharge, able to hold enough charge to drive long distances, and more efficient than gasoline engines. Scientists and engineers around the world are tackling this battery challenge, and major progress is being made. In this kit, you can build and experiment with a new type of environmentally friendly “fuel cell” to learn about electrochemical

cells and BEV’s. The battery is a metal-air electrochemical cell, a type of battery that is widely used in small scale devices. It is ideal for demonstrating battery technology because it does not use any harmful chemicals: it uses only magnesium plates, salt water, and the oxygen in the air to generate electricity. Moreover, magnesium is considered an eco-friendly renewable fuel because it could be harvested cleanly from ocean water. Build 20 different models and power them with this special battery. Experiment with dif-

ferent concentrations of salt to see how long your battery can run. Learn about electrochemistry and battery technology. One metal plate lasts as much as six times longer than a regular AA battery (six plates included). Full-color, 64-page experiment manual. 91 building pieces. Ages 10+

 64 p

620615


Air+Water Power Pneumatic-Hydraulic Engines Build your own models powered by air and water pressure to learn about the laws of physics. This unique kit allows you to build two different air-and-water-powered systems: water-jet propelled cars and hydropneumo (which simply means air pressure and water pressure) powered engines. The hydro-pneumo system uses a self-contained air-and-water turbine system as a motor. Construct 15 models including a truck, excavator, radar car, tank, antique car, helicopter, motorbike, backhoe, rocket car, forklift, roadster, propeller plane, grinder, and cutting machine. The water-jet propelled cars are a fun outdoor activity, while the selfcontained hydro-pneumo powered models are fun both indoors and out. Compete with

your friends to see whose water-jet propelled car and hydro-pneumo car goes the farthest! 48-page color instruction book. 165 building pieces. Ages 8+

 48 p

555001

Wind Power 2.0 Electricity Generating Turbines Build wind-powered generators to energize your electric vehicles and charge your rechargeable batteries! The wind spins the turbine, which turns an electric generator, which in turn charges your rechargeable AA batteries (not included). You can then use those wind-charged batteries to power the model vehicles you build. The six models include a glider, sail car, jet car, tractor, racecar, and tricycle. This kit includes two styles of wind turbine blades and a gearbox with three dif-

ferent gear ratios for experimenting. You can adjust the angle and number of wind turbine blades to make best use of the wind, to make the LED light up brightly, and to charge the rechargeable battery as fast as possible. Explore this amazing, free source of renewable energy and store the electricity you generate for use in practical applications! 40-page color instruction book. 133 building pieces. Ages 8+

 40 p

555002

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Solar Power Photovoltaic Energized Vehicles Build your own solar-powered models and discover how solar cells generate electricity from light. Build six solar powered models including a locomotive, single-prop plane, bulldozer, helicopter, backhoe, and twinrotor helicopter. The special solar panel in this kit consists of three solar cells and generates 1.5 volts of electricity in bright sunlight, like a AA battery. A unique cradle holds either the solar panel or the battery, allowing you to switch out the solar panel for a AA battery (not included), depending on the strength of sunlight. You can even use the solar panel to charge up your own rechargeable AA batteries. The solar panel is positionable, so you can experiment by adjusting it to different

Solar Power PLUS Gigantic Photovoltaics Science Lab Build your own solar-powered creations and discover how solar cells generate electricity. Assemble 22 models including a scooter, locomotive, forklift, road roller, cement mixer, solar-wind sail car, crane, amphibious boat, motorcycle, beach buggy, race car, sidecar motorcycle, trailer, elevator, oil tanker, maintenance car, solar car with clutch, street sweeper, backhoe, helicopter, twin-prop airplane, and cable car. This kit includes two of the special solar panels and cradles from the Solar Power kit, which can be connected in series to generate up to 3.0 volts of electricity in bright sunlight.

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Power the models you build with the solar panels outside on sunny days or indoors under a high-wattage incandescent light bulb. Power your models anytime with AA batteries or even a combination of AA battery and solar panel. This kit teaches basic concepts in solar energy, photovoltaics, and circuits, as well as problem solving skills and creative thinking. 48-page color instruction book. 265 building pieces. Ages 8+

 48 p

555007

angles thereby maximizing its exposure to the sun to generate the most power. After you have built the suggested models, you can design your own solar vehicles. Compete with your friends to see whose solar vehicle runs the fastest! 24-page color instruction book. 177 building pieces. Ages 8+

 24 p

555006


Remote-Control Machines Build your own motorized vehicles and machines and control them with a wireless remote control unit. A unique six-button infrared remote allows you to control three different motors simultaneously, moving each of them forward or in reverse, with easy-to-

activate touch sensors. The three motors can be combined to make complex vehicles and machines in numerous configurations limited only by your imagination. Assemble ten models demonstrating different ways in which the motors can be used including a bulldozer, car, three-wheeler, crane, antique car, plow, folding car, formula one racer, three-blade dozer, and robotic arm. After you have built the models in the in-

structions, you can design your own remote control creations! The kit comes with three motors, remote control unit, battery holder, and building pieces. 48-page color instruction book. 182 building pieces. Ages 8+

 48 p

555004

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Power House Sustainable Living in the 21st Century Human civilization’s energy consumption is growing. At the same time, the harmful environmental impact of our energy usage is becoming apparent. A massive global effort to adopt renewable energy and use our resources more sustainably has begun.

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To live sustainably, we must use Earth’s resources at a rate at which they can be replenished, and thus provide for future generations to live as we have. With this kit, you can learn about alternative energy and sustainable living by conducting 100 experiments and building energyrelated models. Build the Power House and then conduct experiments in and around the house. Learn about energy-efficient construction materials and passive house design. Experiment with heating, cooling, conduction,

convection, and insulation. Investigate Earth’s climate, the water cycle, and that inexhaustible power plant in the sky: the sun. Test passive solar collection methods with a solar collector. Hook up a photovoltaic solar panel to generate electricity from sunlight. Build wind turbines to extract energy from the wind. Construct a greenhouse and learn about the energy conservation tricks used by plants. Power House provides a comprehensive overview of the many forms of alternative energy, and makes environmental protection

and energy conservation issues tangible with hands-on models. The 64-page, full-color experiment manual provides instructions, scientific explanations, and energy-saving tips. Ages 10+

 64 p

625825


Sustainable Earth Lab Environmental Science Kit News of environmental problems threatening life on Earth seems to be everywhere. All of this information can be frightening and confusing, especially to a child. This science kit gives you the tools and information to learn firsthand about the environmental problems burdening our planet and how we as a civilization can overcome these problems through sustainable practices and the sensible use of technology. The kit is organized into five main sections: renewable energies, natural resource usage, climate-change prevention, waste and water management, and energy conservation. Exploring these topics by doing hands-on experiments and seeing real results helps young scientists attain a solid grounding in these often abstract and intangible concepts. Construct a miniature water treatment plant, and learn how substances in unnatural concentrations can pollute habitats and harm life. Manufacture recycled paper and plastic. Get an understanding of the rapid growth in world population. Explore the causes and consequences of the greenhouse effect with carbon dioxide tests. Experiment with heat transfer and insulation. Build devices to explore wind power, water power, and passive and active solar power technology. Become an “energy detective,” and track down wasteful uses of energy at school and in your home. The full-color, 48-page manual guides your experiments and energy conservation activities. Ages 8+

 48 p

638016

41 © 2011 National Geographic Society

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC and Yellow Border Design are trademarks of the National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.


lty 2010 Specia e ar Toy of the Y Nominee!

Based on the bestselling children’s book The Dangerous Book for Boys, this kit presents chemistry every kid should know through fun, engaging, and impressive experiments and activities. Learn about atoms, elements, and the periodic table by building simple models. Experiment with compounds, mixtures, solutions, and suspensions. Discover ionic and covalent bonding. Perform chemical reactions involving acids and bases, indicators, salts, and electrochemistry. Explore examples of important metals, metalloids, and nonmetals, and then conduct chemistry experiments with them. Investigate topics in organic chemistry such as alcohols, proteins, and plastics. Make

plastic out of milk, a stink bomb, a smoke bomb, and colorful slime. Learn about where and how chemistry is used in the real world and read a brief history of the science. Parents and grandparents will appreciate this nostalgic kit, updated for today’s kids. With more than 30 hands-on experiments and projects, it offers a great opportunity for parent-son bonding. The full-color, 32-page manual guides your experiments. Ages 8+

 32 p

600001

Based on the bestselling children’s book The Dangerous Book for Boys, this kit presents electronics every kid should know through fun, engaging, and impressive experiments and activities. Learn about electric current and electrons. Conduct hair-raising experiments with static electricity. Read a brief history of the research and discoveries associated with electricity and electronics. Investigate materials to see if they are conductors or insulators. Assemble series circuits and parallel circuits. Discover the relationships between voltage, current, and power. Experiment with resistors, capacitors, diodes, and LEDs. Investigate logical circuits

and transistors. Build an electromagnet, an electric motor, a voltaic pile, a joy buzzer, and a vibrating bug. Learn about how some common electronic devices work, such as cell phones, computers, satellites, and televisions. Parents and grandparents will appreciate this nostalgic kit, updated for today’s kids. With more than 30 hands-on experiments and projects, it offers a great opportunity for parent-son bonding. The full-color, 32-page manual guides your experiments. Ages 8+

 32 p

600002

42 © 2006 & TM Conn and Hal Iggulden/HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Licensed by The Sharpe Company, Inc.


Ages 10+

Milestones in Science The 100 Most Significant Experiments and Discoveries of All Time Embark on an active research expedition through the history of science and technology. Learn about famous scientists and inventors, like Archimedes, Copernicus, Einstein, Watt, and Darwin, as you reproduce their ground-

breaking experiments. Read about each scientist and their times, what they did and how they did it, and then see it yourself firsthand! From the Stone Age to modern times, the history of science comes to life in front of you in this tangible, hands-on format. This comprehensive kit covers the accomplishments of over 140 scientists and numerous civilizations. Dive into this clever book-shaped box and immerse yourself in the studies that enthralled the brightest scientific minds that ever lived. As you conduct experiments with the more

than 94 pieces included, your workspace will quickly come to resemble the labs and workshops of these legendary scientists. Young historians and scientists alike will be captivated by this overview of the history of science. In addition to instructions for the experiments, the 96-page, full-color experiment book contains a wealth of interesting historical information, giving context to the scientists and their work. The book is beautifully designed to playfully resemble a scientist’s lab journal from the past.

 96 p

625719

The History of Science in Nine Chapters: l Light, Colors, and Sound l Heat, Steam, and Engines l Magnetism and Electricity l Communication and Microelectronics l Forces l Life l Atoms and Molecules l Stars and Planets l The Periodic Table

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Record your science shows with your own video camera and post them online!

Ages 12+

44

Spectacular Science

tional 2011 EducaYear Toy of the Nominee!

Do-It-Yourself Science Show

 64 p

642419

Amaze your audience with awesome chemistry demonstrations! Rehearse and perform a science show to entertain your friends and family, and teach them some science in the process. The experiments in this kit have been carefully selected and scripted to create exciting performances. This chemistry set contains the lab equipment, materials, and chemicals you need to put on your own science show. A special 64-page, full-color, comic-book style manual guides you through the preparation and performance of 25 shows. The manual instructs you how to conduct each experiment, explains what is happening scientifically, and gives you stage directions for executing it smoothly and safely like a professional. Special cue cards are also included to help you remember your lines and each experiment’s procedure. The experiments are divided into five shows. In the elemental show, you can crush a soda can with water and heat, move particles with your magic wand, produce a fabric that doesn’t burn, make dazzling colored flames with chemicals, and craft a blazing witch’s breath. In the water show, you will defy gravity with water, make water vanish into thin air, bend a spoon and a stream of water, repel water with your fingertips, and make a fire-resistant balloon. The carbon dioxide show gives you a stage to make a self-inflating balloon and a self-destructing bottle, and command soap bubbles to rest on an invisible pond. In the candle show, you will light a candle with water, light a candle remotely, and magically extinguish candles in four ways. For encores, you can watch mystical glowing black snakes grow from a pile of powder, turn red “fruit punch” into purple “grape juice,” make sparkling fireworks from an orange, and turn “milk” into a solid and back into a liquid again.


All Thames & Kosmos chemistry

CHEM C1000

sets are safety tested and approved, offer thorough

Beginner Chemistry Set Enroll in CHEM C1000 and prepare for a lifetime of fascination with this essential science through 125 diverse experiments. Start with an introduction to the field of chemistry and famous chemists. Set up your lab space and learn how to safely handle the lab equipment and chemicals. Learn about indicators with litmus solution and write a secret message in invisible ink. Test the inks from your colored markers on the chromatography racetrack to reveal their different color components. Experiment with air pressure, surface tension, and the physical properties of fluids. Experiment with two well-known metals, iron and copper. Investigate carbon dioxide. Dissolve metals with electrochemical reactions. Explore water and its elements, saturated and unsaturated solutions, and crystals. Split water into hydrogen and oxygen with electrolysis, and form oxygen from hydrogen peroxide. Experiment with soaps, detergents, and emulsions of water and oil. Investigate chemistry in the kitchen by experimenting with sugar, honey, starch, eggs and proteins, fatty acids, and calcium. Begin to build a strong foundation in chemistry with exposure to a broad range of chemical phenomena and hands-on laboratory experiences. This kit provides clear instructions for preparing and performing the experiments, offers safety advice, offers explanations for the observed occurrences, and asks and answers questions about the results. Thorough safety precautions and instructions ensure safe experimentation. Professional quality equipment helps you make the most of your chemistry experiments. The 80-page, full-color experiment manual guides aspiring young chemists through each of the 125 experiments.

safety precautions, include professional quality lab equipment, and come with fullcolor experiment manuals.

Ages 10+

 80 p

640118

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CHEM C2000 Intermediate Chemistry Set Discover how fascinating the world is when you understand the remarkable reactions behind ordinary occurrences. CHEM C2000 includes everything in CHEM C1000 and more — with twice the tools and materials, and more than three times the experiments. Most notably, this kit introduces you to the alcohol burner for experiments that require heat, greatly expanding the number of experiments you can conduct. Experiment with filtering and separating mixtures, combustion, and electrochemical reactions. Learn how to work with indicators and stronger acids and bases. Explore elements and compounds, including the chemical and physical properties of water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. Discover atoms and molecules. Inspect soaps and household cleaners. Experiment with various foods from the kitchen to learn about sugars, fats, and proteins. Investigate metals such as iron, copper, and aluminum. Learn about how chemistry is used in environmental protection and industry. After completing CHEM C2000, you will have experienced firsthand the most important topics in chemistry, creating an excellent foundation for later study of chemical equations and atomic structure. The 128-page, full-color manual guides aspiring young chemists through 250 experiments. The manual provides clear instructions for preparing and performing the experiments and explains the results. Thorough safety precautions and instructions ensure safe experimentation. Professional quality equipment helps you make the most of your chemistry experiments. Ages 11+  128 p

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640125


CHEM C3000 Advanced Chemistry Set CHEM C3000 is the ultimate chemistry set. This kit includes all of the components from CHEM C2000, plus dozens of additional tools and chemicals, and 100 additional experiments, for a total of more than 333 experiments. The 192-page, full-color experiment manual is written at a more advanced level than the other CHEM kit manuals. You could call it a textbook, but the manual is too much fun to make that comparison. CHEM C3000 has a similar hands-on approach to teaching chemistry as our other CHEM kits, but also teaches more advanced topics such as chemical equations, atomic structures, and the periodic table. These concepts are critical to continued study of chemistry. CHEM C3000 is an excellent preparation for high-school level chemistry.

“Best Overall Chemistry Set” —The Wall Street Journal Ages 12+  192 p

640132

CHEM C3000 covers all of these topics and more: introduction to chemistry safety information setting up your workspace acids & bases salts & solutions elements & compounds solids, liquids & gases

combustion air & air pressure air pollution our environment metals, oxidation & rust atoms & molecules history of chemistry

crystal lattices chemical formulas ubiquitous elements oxygen hydrogen water solutions & saturation

hydrogen peroxide atomic bonds orbitals & shells chlorine hydrochloric acid bromine & iodine families of elements

the periodic table sulfur carbon dioxide mineral deposits baking soda & powder ammonia crystals & solutions

chemical indicators separating mixtures chromatography electron transfer electrolysis electrochemistry carbon

fossil fuels alcohols oils, soaps & detergents sugars & starches monomers & polymers proteins waste disposal

47


Signature Series

665012 665003 665006 665043 665067 665068 665002 665005 665036 665050 665001 665004 665081 659202 659288 713164 659127 659271 700001 659066 659226 630416 658410 602079 602086 602093 635022 602123 602130 606114 606916 631116 636815 646517 642915 643522 642112 615819 620417 625412 625313 623715 628777 620325 620318 624811 623913 620615 555001 555002 555006 555007 555004 625825 638016 600001 600002 625719 642419 640118 640125 640132

Chemistry C500 Candy Chemistry Climate & Weather Bubble Science Physics Discovery Solar Mechanics Genetics & DNA Optical Science Motors & Generators Magnetic Science Archaeology: Pyramid Dig Space Exploration Volcanoes & Earthquakes Science Experiments On The Go Global Water Quality CHEM C100 Test Lab Glowing Crystals Physics: Force & Pressure Physics: Simple Machines Recycled Paper Press Solar Cooking Science Dinosaur Fossils Forensics Fingerprint Lab Stepping into Science Intro to Engineering The Human Body Botany: Greenhouse Physics & Forces Plant Science Weather Science Stars & Planets Elements of Science TK 2 Scope Perfume Science Creative Cosmetics Crystal Growing Crystals, Rocks & Minerals Electronics: Learning Circuits Electricity & Magnetism Physics Workshop Physics Pro Physics Solar Workshop Fuel Cell X7 Stirling Engine Fuel Cell 10 Hydropower Wind Power Eco-Battery Vehicles Air+Water Power Wind Power 2.0 Solar Power Solar Power PLUS Remote-Control Machines Power House (V 2.0) Sustainable Earth Lab Classic Chemistry Essential Electronics Milestones in Science Spectacular Science CHEM C1000 (V 2.0) CHEM C2000 (V 2.0) CHEM C3000 (V 2.0)

10 10 10 9 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 8 10 12 12 8 8 8 8 10 8 10 12 10 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 10 12 10 11 12

28 25 23 29 17 20 20 35 25 33 10 22 11 10 6 8 2 9 8 10 8 3 6 25 25 26 30 8 8 10 10 100 25 20 33 15 18 70 60 73 31 42 3 10 10 12 20 22 15 8 6 22 10 100 40 30 30 100 25 125 250 333

48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 60 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 8 / 5 x 9.5 20 / 5 x 6 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 8 / 5 x 9.5 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 20 / 4 x 6 12 / 3.25 x 9.5 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 20 / 6.5 x 6.5 20 / 6.5 x 6.5 20 / 6.5 x 6.5 20 / 6.5 x 6.5 112 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 8.25 x 11.5 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 8.25 x 11.5 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 64 / 5.5 x 8.25 64 / 11.5 x 8.25 64 / 8.25 x 11.5 96 / 8.25 x 11.5 64 / 8.25 x 11.5 16 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 8.25 x 11.5 64 / 8.25 x 11.5 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 5.5 x 8.25 64 / 11.5 x 8.25 48 / 8.25 x 11.5 40 / 8.25 x 11.5 24 / 5.5 x 8.25 48 / 8.25 x 11.5 48 / 11.5 x 8.25 64 / 8.25 x 11.5 48 / 5.5 x 8.25 32 / 8 x 8 32 / 8 x 8 96 / 8.25 x 11.5 64 / 8.25 x 11.5 80 / 8.25 x 11.5 128 / 8.25 x 11.5 192 / 8.25 x 11.5

13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 5.5 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 13.1 x 8.9 x 2.6 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 8.1 x 5.1 x 2.2 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 7.7 x 7.7 x 2.2 7.7 x 7.7 x 2.2 7.7 x 7.7 x 2.2 7.7 x 7.7 x 2.2 21.3 x 14.6 x 3.8 16.5 x 13 x 5.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 16.8 x 11.5 x 3.2 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 16.8 x 11.5 x 3.2 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 16.5 x 13 x 5.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 4.0 17 x 12 x 4.3 17 x 12 x 4.3 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 16.8 x 11.5 x 3.2 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 15.6 x 14.6 x 3.5 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 21.3 x 14.6 x 3.8 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 10.5 x 10.5 x 2.4 10.5 x 10.5 x 2.4 21.3 x 14.6 x 3.8 21.3 x 14.6 x 3.8 14.6 x 11.5 x 3.1 21.3 x 14.6 x 4.7 21.3 x 14.6 x 7.2

15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 19 x 15 x 13 15 x 15 x 11 15 x 15 x 11 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 11.5 x 9 x 6 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 15 x 8.5 x 8.5 15 x 8.5 x 8.5 15 x 8.5 x 8.5 15 x 8.5 x 8.5 22 x 16 x 15 23 x 17 x 14 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 18 x 18 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 18 x 18 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 22 x 17 x 14 17 x 16 x 13 21 x 15 x 12 22 x 19 x 14 22 x 19 x 14 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 18 x 18 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 17 x 16 x 13 21 x 17 x 16 17 x 16 x 13 22 x 16 x 15 17 x 16 x 13 13 x 12 x 12 13 x 12 x 12 22 x 16 x 15 22 x 16 x 15 17 x 16 x 13 22 x 15 x 15 22 x 15 x 15

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 3 2

Germany Germany Germany Germany Taiwan Taiwan Germany Germany China China Thailand Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Taiwan China Germany Thailand China Germany Germany Germany Germany Taiwan Germany China Germany Germany China Germany Germany Germany Germany China China Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan China China China Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany

(EAN codes begin with 4, UPC codes begin with 8)

barcode on box

8 7 7 10 10 10 9 9 8 10 15 9 11 3 5 3 4 5 3 3 3 11 3 9 9 9 11 4 4 5 4 14 20 14 13 17 14 9 12 15 20 20 10 21 21 10 13 14 12 17 12 21 16 13 8 9 9 18 15 12 15 18

country of origin

1.3 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 3.3 1.4 1.9 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.9 0.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 3.1 4.0 2.3 2.0 2.9 2.4 1.4 1.9 2.3 4.0 3.5 2.0 3.5 3.5 1.5 2.0 2.4 2.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 3.0 2.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 4.0 2.8 2.0 3.9 7.1

units per case

case dimensions (inches)

single unit dimensions (inches)

manual (pages / size in inches)

number of experiments and activities

minimum age (years)

name

item number

3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 20 20 20 21 22 23 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 37 38 38 39 40 41 42 42 43 44 45 46 47

case weight (lbs)

Little Labs™

Chemistry Chemistry Earth Science Physics Physics Alternative Energy Biology Multi-Subject Electrical Science Physics Historical Science Astronomy & Space Earth Science Multi-Subject Chemistry Chemistry Crystals & Materials Physics Physics Environmental Science Environmental Science Natural History Biology Multi-Subject Physics Biology Biology Physics Biology Earth Science Astronomy & Space Multi-Subject Biology Sophisticated Science Sophisticated Science Crystals & Materials Crystals & Materials Electrical Science Electrical Science Physics Physics Physics Alternative Energy Alternative Energy Alternative Energy Alternative Energy Alternative Energy Construction+Science Construction+Science Construction+Science Construction+Science Construction+Science Construction+Science Environmental Science Environmental Science Historical Science Historical Science Historical Science Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry

single unit weight (lbs)

Ignition™ Series

catalog page number

Exploration Series

subject

The kits in this catalog conform to all applicable mandatory US safety standards. More specifically, the kits conform to all applicable US safety standards dictated by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Commercial Practices, Part 16, including the additional provisions established by the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) and the standards dictated by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F963 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, when applicable. Because most of the kits originate in Germany, they are also often tested according to the European Safety Standard for Toys, EN-71. Results of safety tests conducted by independent laboratories will be provided upon request. When thinking about the safety of science kits, it is important to remember that while most of them are children’s products, science kits are not toys for play. None of our science kits are intended for children under the age of five years, and all of our kits require the presence and supervision of a responsible parent or adult. Our instruction manuals always provide important safety advice to children, parents, and adults, as well as first aid advice when applicable. Some common safety precautions apply to all of our science kits: 1. A responsible parent or adult must always supervise the experimentation. 2. All users must read the manuals thoroughly before experimentation and follow all instructions and safety advice prescribed in the manuals. 3. The manual and packaging must always be kept ready for reference. 4. The kits must be kept away from young children (children under five years). 5. Caution must be used in handling any objects with sharp points or edges, or that may break to yield sharp points or edges. 6. Users should not put any of the parts in their mouths. 7. Users should always wash their hands after experimenting.

Product Data series

Product Safety

857853001513 814743010185 814743010383 857853001735 857853001315 814743010413 857853001759 857853001865 814743010390 814743010406 857853001650 857853001667 814743010420 814743010369 814743010338 814743010048 814743010017 814743010376 814743010055 814743010024 814743010031 814743010314 814743010321 857853001421 857853001858 814743010291 814743010307 857853001438 857853001445 857853001452 814743010086 857853001216 857853001704 857853001711 857853001728 814743010444 814743010079 814743010345 814743010451 4002051625412 857853001490 857853001308 857853001520 814743010093 857853001872 857853001841 857853001674 814743010437 814743010116 814743010123 814743010161 814743010178 814743010147 814743010277 814743010062 857853001889 857853001896 857853001506 814743010284 814743010246 814743010253 814743010260



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