The Celtic Cross Tanya Marchun
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Historical Ideas Market Cross At Kells
• Both Catholic and Protestant • Many historical stories • Will physically show you through pictures how it developed
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Chi-Rho • Emperor Constantine • Monogram for Christ • Carved into standing stones or boulders
h"p:// artbyunderground.files.wordpress.com/ 2009/06/chi_rho.jpg
h"p://www.sacred-‐des)na)ons.com/wales/images/st-‐ davids/st-‐nons/resized/h_252p.jpg
h"p://farm1.sta)c.flickr.com/ 45/163674108_0395082cbe.jpg
Age of the Saints
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h"p://www.healinginharmony.net/ ogham.gif
• 5th, 6th, and 7th Centuries • Earliest stones with Christian associations (crucifixion, words, etc) • Latin inscriptions (DNE = Domine = Lord) • Ogham • Patrick, David & others spread the Gospel
St. Patrick & The Druids • Circle symbolized the moon or sun goddess • Drew a cross through it • Druid & Christian Conversion h"p://ncss.typepad.com/my_weblog/ images/2008/02/26/saint_patrick3.jpg
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Classification • Victor Erle Nash-Williams (1897 – 1956) the National Museum of Wales and University College • Archeologist • Group I, II & III
h"p://www.museumwales.ac.uk/ media/5/2/4/4/williams.png
The Picts • Live in Northern Scotland • Similar Scottish, Irish and Pictish art • 8th century on Picts adopted Christian cross as central feature • Class I, II, & III
h"p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Serpent_stone.JPG
h"p:// www.museumwales.ac.uk /en/1357/#1358
Area
h"p://www.hartleyfamily.org.uk/Map%20GaelsBrythonsPicts.jpg Â
Rossie Priory Stone • Latin cross • Rounded angles & Quadrilobate ring • Angel
h"p://www.drbongs.co.uk/images/s_stones_-‐a3......1.jpg
Hilton of Cadboll stone • Most well known horsemen/hunting scene
h"p://www.nms.ac.uk/images/earlyppl_cadbollstone_450px.jpg
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Freestanding Crosses • • • • •
9th Century Tallest is Sueno’s Stone Over 20 feet high Rows of warriors on back Cross on front
h"p://www.auchendean.com/Pictures/local %20history/Sueno%27s%20Stone%20small.jpg
h"p://www.mrtafeheid.com/Mr%20Tafe%20Heid/ SP2BoL%202007%20Pt%205_files/Sueno.jpg
Disc –Headed Type • The Houelt • Latin inscription: “in the name of God, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit” • Cross at Cardinham h"p://gwydir.demon.co.uk/jo/knots/ llantwit1.jpg
h"p://cornishcrosses.oldcornwall.org/ cardinham.JPG
Ruthwell Cross & Ahenny Cross • Broke new ground • Ring was used to help support the arms • Ahenny Cross • Front, back & sides are carved
h"p://www.unidue.de/DI/ Ahenny_South_Cross.jpg
h"p://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/ arth/Images/ARTH212images/ liturgical_objects/Ruthwell_Cross.jpg
Celtic High Crosses • Cross at Moone
• Cross of the Scriptures • Cross of Muiredach
h"p://themoones.co.uk/htdocs/The%20Moone %20High%20Cross.jpg h"p://www.teachnet.ie/jshor"/ images/scripturessmall.jpg h"p://www.mys)cunicorn.com/graphics/ origMuiredachCross.jpg
The Book of Kells
h"p://www.emmedici.com/journeys/ eire/storia/kellslarge.jpg
h"p://www.rrr.org.au/assets/chi-‐ro-‐ page-‐from-‐the-‐book-‐of-‐kells.jpg
h"p://releasele"er.files.wordpress.com/ 2009/03/kellsfol309r.jpg
Questions?