I'LTA}I Teuchcrs' Associntiotzof Macedonis English Language Asoctjnciju nn nftstevrlic'i1toongliski jr.il; i l;tri'evnosl ilrt Il. lJukcdoniia
EFL StateCompetitio* tbr 8tr'grtldePrirnary'SEhoolSf*tlents 23 April 2fii)5 Cccle :
For fhe useby examiners: : Reailingcompreitension Useof English: Tatal pointsscorect: f,xaminer:
EFt STATil CC${PETITIGHS FGR1,'{{IGRAI'{ G STLIDENTS April2005 ReadingComprehen-sion { tirne:35 rninutes) rir\flf;.
Ta{al pcints scu.red,:
Read the fcliowing articla snd ds tha exercisa be!+w.
WHEN A COIvIPUTER fRRoR Ts A FATAL MISTAKE iirey control our nan€y,trcnsport.our excm Our iives dependon compute;"s. results.Yei their progransar?,nowsa camplex. ihct no one cangei rid of cll the mistakes. (U
bJ Lrfe wiihouf computers hcs beccire unrm.cgincblaThe'r,ere aesigne'dto lcck cirei" sc rncny boring bul esseiii;ci fasxs - fi'cm i'ni.i-giqsve ec+kir:gtc fii;inc across the Atlontic - ihot vte hove cecomedependenicn them. {1_) But os fhe demcndspiccecion compuiersgrow. so have rhe number of rncidenis involving computar errors- Now cornpufer experis are wcrning thot lhe ia deal frcCrticn,:,i,l-,c.y:cf building campur€r srlslo-*.scre.,1usinct aocd e=ncugh n u c i a c rp o w e rs t o t i o n s .i i i s w i t h c o m p l e xt c s k s l i k e f i , v i n cpi l c n e sc r m o i n i a i n i n q cnly a nTcitei'of tine befcre c ccmpufei'-mcde cciss?i'cshehctpens. (2_) ^As'early the ionguogeihai wcs fc bacome sil ioo as 1889, a word "nletea " b u g " , i n e c n i n ga r n i s i a k e . ' F o rd e c c d e sb u g s c t o s c i e n i i s i s : computer fomrlrar ond "de-bugging"were token to be pcri of eveiy computer e,'lgineer'sjcb. Everyoneaccepted that there would clwoys be some mrsfakes in ony new system. But "safety crifical" s'lstems ihoi fly plcnes, Crive frorns or contrci nuclear pout"r stations canhavebugsthaf could kill. This is obviouslyuncccepiable.
(s_)
One,woy to siop bugs in ccmputei- s'istems is fo cei differenf lesms cf pr^cgr^cmmers to r,voi"kin isolction iran; each cther: That wor1,runs ihe lheary, fhey wcn't ali r:nckefhz same f)iFe,?f nisfck"- urhen dasrgninqsnd "vi'ittnci computer codes.fn f oct reseorchshowsthot progrcmmersihrnk olrke,h,rvefhe same type of troining - cnd moke similor mistokes. 5o even tf they work separolely,misfqkes con sfril occur. Another fechnique rs io produce bock up systems ihof stari to operate when ihe firs-l sysiern fciis. This hos been usecj cn everythi4g frcm spcce shutile ta ike A320 atr bus. but unforiunoiely p r o b l e m sr h o f c a u s eo n e c o m p u t e rt a f c i l c a n m c k ec i l t h e o t h e r s f c i l , f o c td)
A gror,vinc nurnb€rcf ccnpuier scfall,'e.<perisbelreverhe ttme hcs cometo sfop hc,veio lecrn ic irying To "potcir up" conipuiei s'isferrisTiiey sdy pf-og-i-i:T,lnei"s -ic rngihematrccl s,vmbolsthet ihrcuch think clecrly cncito be oble clenrcng1'rcte
wrong.UniiJprogrolnnerslearn to do this, we tlre programcsnnot go ser"iously will probcbly jusf hava to live uarthf he resu{fscf ccr*put'erbsgs. .(4
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Cf ccurse. more cffan thon nof the errcrs cre jusi cnnoying, but sometrrnes they con come ciose to cousingtrcaedies. On ihe Piccodillyline in London's Undergroundo driver who wcs goino soulh olong a trock got confuseciwhile moving his empty train fhough o cross-over point. He siorfecj to hecci north s t r a i g h i o i o s o u t h - b o u n dt r q r n f u i i a f p e o p i e .T h e c o m p u f e r i s e csj i g n o i i i n g s,vJte.a f.ciled to tqarn hjm of a cartcin drsaster ond ir wos only his qurck hurncn reoctionsthot prevenied c crash.
Reacithe oriicie, chooseo suiisbls hecding (subritiu) far' eccit pcrogr.aphf rom ihe list beiclv cnd wrife the cpprcpricie letier in i h e g c p s . T h a r e i s o n e e ; < i i ' ah a c d i n gu ; n i c hy c u i c i l c i ' n e e d t c use. The firsf one hos been done for you.
I.
A . A n o l d p r o b l e mw i i h s e r i c u sc o n s e q u e n c e s but ccn they solvethe prcbiem? B. Two new opproaches, C, A potentiallYtroqic error lharr
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(2 oointsfor eochccrreci cnswer) (20points) os the one IiI. Writg tvrc secrdsfram the text with.fhe scme rneanin-q givenbelow.. Ig; riiJ i Luiiiuu i gi mrsi(lkei - -.-
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IV. Choose ths best snswer for each quasfion' Why do comPuter rnis'teheshePPen? cra sfuPid. becousecomPutars becausecomputershaveio do morecnCmorathings. v. c. becousepeoplecan't usetfiem properly. I
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Which computer systemsmusi never hove o mistoke? schoolccmputers. ccmptiteis used fsr er:tertainrnent. qnd computersthct run ond c.onfrolthe sotetyof rnonyccti'riiies h,,ilr{inn<
the 3. Whaf is one possible soiution for compufer errors accorci'ingto
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text? hovelo learnro ihink clearlycnd usemathsrnihe sysTems protrqrommers properly oi oli not to use comPuters fo work in isolationf romecch of proqremrners teams hayediff zrant oiher.
4. How useful are beck uP sYstems? o. very usefui, beccusethey cper"ciewfrencther systâ&#x201A;ŹiTlsfarl
b. useful,olthoughthe reosonwhyonesystemhasfoiledcanbe o reosonfor
ih-;6ci!irp ;t;iamfi fqir c. not useful of oll
Totol: 40 points
(2 poinis f or eachcorreci onswer) (8 pcints)
for Ith GradeStudents EFL StateCompetition APrit 2SS5 Useof Engiish( rime: 6Sminutes) CODE: s'ta completequestions. antlplzrctse l. Put itzthefollov'ing x,orcl.r HOI'YFAR,HQI'YLONG.HO\YOFTEN,HOpyA'lANy,l4iHAT,Wii,4T ;(/}n, #,'HE:\!,I|aHEPJ,WIHQ' C{}L{}{iR, W-H,47
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is rlreGreekflac'?BJueanciw{rite. **il"t"r* in a k-ilcmeter?100Ll00 eeniinieters In Austialia. is lvieiboume? did Ronreolo 'e?Jui.iet.
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iits cheese. oii.-'ia is Cheaciai?
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Pul in AiAN or Contpleterheseseniencesuboufpulittion and the env*ir$firnei'it.
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envllollment. paperarticle aboutpoliution in Tirele was also la1'err'viii continueto disappearif lve don'1find -ozone way to stopit. effect o6 Poliutiop is havilg wolld's u'ealheri*scJrar:gi:rg. -our climate. sea.darnagingwildlif'e. oil tankel spilJedoil irrto-Last u'eek protest and havesentit to letterof liavesigr:ed Someprofessors rer-rahlarat .1na v !l EV tultlrl!.
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I point for each correcr ans\\'er
humanbe.ins,it wouidbein hospital. 111
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J. Soweog"lltese senteflces {lre corceet,aindsonteliavecty,artiu,hichshtsuldnol he lhere,If a.rentences is corcecl,pul a plus +. If it is incorrecl,cro.s'soutlhe Ltntleces$st'vtpord out oi llze setllence.
a) b) c) d) e) ft
Londonis rnorebig_uer thanBirmingham. Indianfood is thenicerthanChinese.Ithir*. Thetelephone is oneof themostusefulinventionsever:. Who is thecleverest studentin of tJ:eclass? Thepianois heavierthanthesofa. I'r,e gct theleastpcu,'elfulcofitp',rter in tl:ervu.ild.
I poinf fsr each cerrecf ansll'et1. Reudii'it eoi-i'i:â&#x201A;Źi'stttiuti tinti ti;"ciethe coffect fbrms. Racl:ei:H::.,'e)',cuheerciabcut the pop fes-'ival? Vicklr: Yes-it's / it'll be good if Expressareplaying.Thev're a grearband. Rachei:lViil you be ableto go , Nick? idicit: If i :rsk,iI'ii asii niy boss.he'11give me sometime off-lvork.I expecr. triicky: Ho',vare we goin*eto ,qettirere? Racirei:Well. if there.are/ there'll 4e enoughpecpie.!-rrâ&#x201A;Źce.ilhire a criiribus. Vicky: I won't be going if i/'s / ir'tl be,iooexpensive. Raclrel:Il i.sn't cosling/ wort'l cost much if we a]] sharz/ w!$ s*are ti:e ccsl, Nick: lf I see/ 'll seetl:e otherslater cn tcr:ight, I ssk/ 'l{ ssli thenrif tirei'
I poinf for each csrfect ens1l.ei i.
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14ritt lhe queslitsns to ritich the underiinedv,orrisayethe ans14,ers. ( I'ott neeil to use appropriaie question y,ai-ds.) a) The Smiths have ,qotrhreecars.
b) .lanetr,r'orks at tlte sunermarket. c) fuidreais learningEngiishbecauleshe.u,illneedit in lrer,ioh. ' .'i\
The filrn was reallv rr:nrantic.
ei Themeetingwill takeplacelrextTuesdav. q Te-qsa sv,iitclied off thecomputer. burglaraiarmrvasringing, S) Mr. JohnsoJr's h) Anr:a weni to rhe dancew'ith'iv{ariin. 1 point for each correct anstver
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to Angelaaitdpul thererbsin braeketsitziotizePresent 6. ReadTessa'spos;tcard Simpleor PresentCantinaousTerce. (have)a greattime hereiIt's beautif,:I,andthe sun (shine).YesterdayIwent waterskiing!Wirat (thjnk)of that?I ysu fuu (sit) at a tablein aur hotelroomandr.vritinga few postcards. {not like) the food very much. But Theroom is fine, but we We
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titat later. 1 point for each correct anslver
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Fut in lhe correcl {brm of eacJzverb. Use lhe Past 7. CownLetetlzesentence-s. Continuousor PastSinnle (anive)home-Ann a) Whe:: l"Iartin (talk) ro scmeoneon the phone. (be) r$id 1fi1sn:xe . b) It (learre)the houselhal da',r,and a Iigilt snor'v \:4rr/i
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(waik) alongiire streetrvheni suddeniy (feel)something hit mein theback
1 point for eachcorrect answer
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itt hrackets' 8. Put it:tlhe PrcsenrPerfect er Past Sintplea!the verh..c.
(go)to Brightc,nwasin August. (rvin) in b) And the raceis over! And S{ickySiri:pscr: a record"tine. (i'cu / see)thener"'stoday?Ir1c,not yet' wj {be} ii: al*ut ihiit;v d) fu{.alilynh'iocroe fiims. inot ride) e) Of coursei canridea bike.But I oneibr yea$. a\
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Tbat wasafter coilege. 1 point for eachcorrectarswer 9. Choosethe correctforms-
(work) for a computercompanylbr a year.
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Have you got a ticketfor the play? Yes,I'm ssitts ta! wil! s{e it on Thursday. ., \4rouldyou llke teasr eoff,ee? Ob. I will /aw esins tg h*1pecoff,ee,please. 3 . Did you buy this book? Nc, Emn:adid. Sheis eoinsto /wil[ readit on holiday. 4: Tire aiarms'going.I@oir.. 'OK,{'am soiizeto / wtlt sryitir off, .it t.
J pornrslor eacncorrecfanswer
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14.conzpietethisparagraphfronta travel book put in l,lANy. FEW,MUCH.
LITTLE. Themai::towlt on the isJandis veq, -qmaila_eddoesrot hat€ i-.-^+^-+
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contactwith tire cutsiCer',rerld.Tbersis not chanceof tireplaceatiractinglargenumbersof tourists.The roadsaie not v€ry good.Therearelots ofbicycies but not cars.And therearehardi.vany of rhemcdemfacitiiies'n-'i.ichoGitors exGt.
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i point for each correct answer
TOTAL:90
SCORED:
L3 *$t1Loc5 KEY TO THE READINGSECTIOI{ IlL
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t o w m a $ y - { r e r e J u . h o - w t r e t t- w h a t - h o w f a r - l i o u i o f t e n e . v v h a t c o l o u- h '..': - r v h a t k i n d * h o w l o a g , :' ':: ' ' - r r ' - : . ' a-the{lte-a 9.. a-the-an-the-the- a-the-an-an-the$ more-the-+-of-+-+ - t h e r e a r e - ' s - v * , o n i tc e s t - s h a r e - I s e e- ' l l a s k A it'Il-ask Hu.rvrnany earshave the Smiths got i do the Sn:iths have? rh WheredoesJanet,'vorkJ \Viry is i\ndrea iealningEnglish'/ \\'hat was the film like? When rviil the nieetingtakeplace? $ii16 5rvitchedoff the compuier? \1,'lrncp /hrrrcrlrr\
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