Federal Documents & the Importance of Maintaining Comprehensive Collections
Summer 2013 STATE LIBRARIAN OF INDIANA Roberta L. Brooker STATE LIBRARY FOUNDATION TRUSTEES Robert G. Barcus, Chairman Dr. James P. Fadely Jonathan J. Myers, Esq. Sarah W. Otte, MLS EDITOR/DESIGNER Drew Griffis CONTRIBUTORS Brent Abercrombie Kim Brown-Harden Doug Conrads Drew Griffis Taylor Henry Sarah Pfundstein Ron Sharp Rebecca Shindel ON THE COVER: Monthly Catalogue of United States Publications. The Indiana State Library houses over 150 years of Federal catalogues, which are available on the 2nd Floor of the Library.
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Though the Indiana State Library celebrates its 50th anniversary as an official Regional Depository Library of the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), the designation does not give credence to its immense holdings of federal publications. In fact, the State Library’s collection of federal documents dates from 1789. Since the State Library became Indiana’s first official agency in 1825, it has actively acquired a complete complement of federal publications. As far back as 1923, the State Library received official designation as a “nearly all” depository and also received a handwritten note indicating that it selected everything published by GPO. Today, the Indiana State Library is recognized as holding one of the most complete federal documents collections in the country. The State Library has been very fortunate to have leaders throughout its history that value a complete federal documents collection. The preservation of these materials has always been a priority and labor of love for me during my 25 years at the State Library. This is why it is such an honor and privilege to have been appointed to the GPO’s Depository Library Council (DLC) where I look forward to sharing my experience and passion for federal publications. The availability of government documents of all types is an invaluable asset for an informed citizenry. The GPO and its partnering libraries nationwide play a vital role in distributing information about the federal government and preserving its publications for future generations. I look forward to continuing the Indiana State Library’s legacy as a leading collector of government information through my capacity as State Librarian and as a member of the Depository Library Council. Sincerely,
Roberta L. Brooker, State Librarian
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THE INDIANA STATE LIBRARY 315 W. Ohio St. Indianapolis, IN 46202 Phone: (317) 232-3675 Toll Free: (866) 683-0008 www.library.IN.gov HOURS OF OPERATION (all times Eastern): M, Tu, W, F: 8:00 AM—4:30 PM Th: 8:00 AM—7:00 PM Sat: 8:00 AM—4:00 PM
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Chairman’s Corner: 3 State Librarian Appointed to Federal Depository Library Council
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Federal Documents Rooted in Concept of Informed Citizenry 5 Federal Documents Collection Among Most Complete in Nation.
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Discover Your Roots at the Indiana State Library 9 Researching Your Civil War Ancestors
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Morgan’s Infamous Raid Leads to Final Battle Staged on Hoosier Soil
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Endangered History: Historic Newspapers Serve as Key to Indiana History
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Annual Event Connects Hoosiers with Vision Loss to Assistive Technologies
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Tourism Office Develops Curriculum Highlighting Indiana History
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The Indiana State Library was established in 1825 and houses vast collections with over two million volumes and three million manuscripts, as well as thousands of maps, federal documents, microfilm, and more. Just as the Library of Congress serves as the historical repository for our nation, the State Library is responsible for collecting and preserving all types of information and data about Indiana. The State Library proudly maintains two of the largest Indiana history and genealogy collections in the world. Discover the Indiana State Library and unearth centuries of historical Hoosier treasures.
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he Indiana State Library Foundation is pleased to provide you with the second volume of our official quarterly magazine. Cornerstone will connect readers to the programs, services and collections of the Indiana State Library, but also offer much more. Specifically, we hope to highlight the many unique programs, projects and new acquisitions of the Indiana State Library that could not be accomplished or purchased without the support of volunteers and donors like you. On the inside back cover you will notice our new membership levels and corresponding benefits designed to keep you engaged in the efforts of the Foundation and help us to achieve our many goals and kick start new initiatives. Please consider offering your suggestions for statewide initiatives, preservation opportunities, or article ideas for future issues of Cornerstone. You can find the online edition of the magazine, as well as a suggestion box online at islfoundation.org. Your continued support of the Indiana State Library and the Foundation is greatly appreciated. Sincerely, Robert G. Barcus Chairman, Indiana State Library Foundation
Jonathan J. Myers, Esq. * Sarah W. Otte, MLS * Dr. James P. Fadely
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Roberta L. Brooker Accepts Three-Year Appointment to Advise Government Printing Office Acting Public Printer Davita Vance-Cooks of the Government Printing Office (GPO) appointed Roberta L. Brooker, State Librarian of Indiana, and four other new members to the Depository Library Council (DLC). Ms. Brooker's term began June 1, 2013 and lasts through May 31, 2016. “This new group of librarians brings decades of experience and strong leadership to the Depository Library Council,” said Acting Public Printer Davita Vance-Cooks. “I look forward to working with each of them and their Council colleagues to advise us on the changing needs of the Federal Depository Library Program as we develop a national plan for the FDLP in the digital age.” The Council, composed of 15 members each of whom serves a three year term, advises the Public Printer on policy matters relating to the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP). The FDLP provides the public with access to authentic, published information from all three branches of the Federal Government in print and electronic formats through partnerships with approximately 1,200 libraries nationwide ranging from small public libraries to large research universities. "The preservation and dissemination of government documents is an invaluable service for all citizens," said Brooker. "The GPO and its partnering libraries nationwide play a vital role in equipping the public with information about the Federal government while preserving our nation's Federal documentation for future generations."
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More About the Government Printing Office GPO is the Federal Government’s official, digital, secure resource for producing, procuring, cataloging, indexing, authenticating, disseminating, and preserving the official information products of the U.S. Government. The GPO is responsible for the production and distribution of information products and services for all three branches of the Federal Government, including U.S. passports for the Department of State as well as the official publications of Congress, the White House, and other Federal agencies in digital and print formats. GPO provides for permanent public access to Federal Government information at no charge through our Federal Digital System (www.fdsys. gov), partnerships with approximately 1,200 libraries nationwide participating in the Federal Depository Library Program, and our secure online bookstore. For more information, please visit www.gpo.gov.
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State Library Celebrates 50 Years as Regional Depository Library Historical Prospective from Indiana State Library’s Longest Tenured Subject Experts
Photo Credits: TOP: Ron Sharp addresses attendees at the FDLP 50th Anniversary reception.
Federal Documents Rooted in Concept of Informed Citizenry By Ron Sharp, Reference & Government Services Supervisor
BELOW: North American Ethnology, Volume IV. US Department of Interior. 1881. RIGHT: Law Enforcement Bulletin. Federal Bureau of Investigation. April 1974
While government documents are extremely relevant and educational, they are not easy to manage due to the high volume of distribution. It has always been vital to keep thorough records of government documents. Though this has become a much simpler task through technological advancements, this was not the case earlier in history. The depository library system is a long established cooperative program between the federal government and designated major libraries throughout the United States. Certain classes of government documents are distributed free of cost to those libraries for the purpose of making such documents accessible to the American public. The original intent for government publications was as a tool to keep citizens informed. However, in the early 19th Century it was difficult to track Federal publications due to a lack of printing and editing standards. In fact, the Federal government used private publishers for over 70 years. During this time it was commonplace for the political party in power to issue contracts to political allies. Most notable
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among early publishers were Gales & Seaton (Adams and the Whig Party), Duff Green and Blair Reeves (both associated with the Democrat and Democratic Republican parties). During the early days, and due to the aforementioned lack of standards, necessary elements such as the document title or name of the agency were not included and this made keeping track of the documents an arduous task. It wasn’t until 1860 that legislation was passed for a national printing agency to establish uniformity in the printing of government documents. Years later, the General Printing Act of 1895 consolidated all of the printing laws and brought order to the way government documents were issued. By 1895 there were 420 depository libraries in the nation. In 1962, the Depository Act was passed. This legislation dictated that libraries no longer had to pay postage to receive documents, and two libraries could be added to each congressional district. It also mandated that only the regional libraries had to keep all government publications. Finally, in more modern times with technology progressing exponentially, the last major legislation was
passed in 1993. The Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Act enabled documents to be published electronically and be published to the internet. Today, the majority of Federal publications are born digitally. While this does increase accessibility to the documents, much attention still must be paid to proper indexing and cataloguing to ensure citizens are aware of their existence and then be able to locate them online. Today, The United States government is the largest publisher in the world. It distributes materials in a variety of formats, including electronic, CD, microfiche, and paper. In addition to Congressional bills and presidential documents, the GPO distributes pamphlets describing national parks and how to grow tomatoes, magazines like "Aging" and "Monthly Labor Review," and books on the history of the Revolutionary War and exhibition catalogs from the Smithsonian Institution.
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Forefather Foretells Importance of Government Publications
Featured Collection Federal Documents Collection Among Most Complete in Nation. By Doug Conrads, Senior Cataloguer & Former Federal Documents Coordinator, Indiana State Library
A popular government without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a prologue to a farce or a tragedy; or, perhaps both. Knowledge will forever govern ignorance; and a people who mean to be their own governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives. ~ James Madison, 4th President of the United States
n July 30, 1963, Robert McClarren, State Librarian of Indiana, signed the agreement with the U.S. Government Printing Office’s (GPO) Superintendent of Documents that established the Indiana State Library as a regional depository library. Although the State Library was not ‘officially’ recognized as a regional library until 1963, it has collected and maintained a comprehensive collection of federal documents since its inception as Indiana’s first state agency in 1825. After the Indiana State Capitol was moved from Corydon to Indianapolis, legislative action was taken at the first session of the Indiana General
This is the essence of libraries and the basis upon which libraries function. Assembly on February 11, 1825 to establish a state library. The approved act provided that books then in the office of the Indiana Secretary of State, together with such as might be added later, would constitute the Indiana State Library. The Indiana Secretary of State was to act as librarian, keeping a catalog of the books and a record of loans. Three historic indexes show the extensive federal documents holdings at the Indiana State Library collection, including: “Catalogue of Materials in the Indiana State Library, February 15, 1825”; “Indiana State Library Catalogue, December 1, 1837”; and “Catalogue of Books in the State Library, January 20, 1845.” In 1831 an act authorized the Indiana Secretary of State to purchase ‘two of Tanner’s maps of the United States of the latest edition’ to be preserved in the library. In 1832, he was also authorized to purchase Gales and Seaton’s Register of Debates in Congress. In 1833, he was instructed to purchase a full set of Niles’ Register.
The Adventures of Jule and Robbie: The Disaster Twins. Federal Emergency Management Administration. October 21, 2003
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In a federal document titled, Report on Designated Depository Libraries showing conditions on April 16, 1923 under the selective plan first authorized by Public Act 171, 67th Congress with List of
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Federal Documents
acceptance by the State Librarian, on July 30, 1963.
Designated Depository Libraries Revised to July 1, 1923, the Indiana State Library is listed as a “nearly all” depository. This indicated that the Indiana State Library was selecting over 2/3 of the publications distributed by GPO. There was also a handwritten note of the Indiana State Library’s copy of the document indicating that it selected everything published by GPO.
The Indiana State Library to date holds one of the most comprehensive depository collections in the nation. It will continue to grow and preserve its federal documents collection into the future through constant improvement of traditional collection management practices and by embracing modern technologies that provide for the preservation and indexing of federal documents born digitally. The Indiana State Library looks forward to another 50 years of serving Hoosiers and other researchers across the globe.
The federal documents collection was also highlighted in an article from the Indianapolis News on February 14, 1925. The article covered the Indiana State Library’s celebration of its centennial and stated that “it is a depository for the documents published in the United States.” Fast forward many decades later with the depository act of 1962; this law allowed for doubling the number of depositories permitted per Congressional District, added libraries independent federal agencies, and authorized the creation of regional depository libraries. The Indiana State Library was designated a regional federal depository for the State of Indiana by Senator Vance Hartke on January 29, 1963, with SUMMER 2013
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Genealogy Collection www.in.gov/library/genealogy.htm Discover Your Roots at the Indiana State Library Genealogy Events Engage Thousands of Family History Researchers Annually Mark Twain once said “Why waste your money looking up your family tree? Just go into politics and your opponents will do it for you.” However, Hoosiers longing to discover their family history while not looking to enter into politics or waste money can take advantage of several genealogy-related events at the Indiana State Library throughout the year. Genealogy for Night Owls and the Indiana Genealogy & Local History Fair offer great opportunities to learn more about the bevy of resources available for experienced and novice family history researchers housed in one of the Midwest’s largest genealogy collections.
Genealogy for Night Owls are held four times a year from 5:30-8:30 PM
“Human nature causes most of us to be curious about our family’s origins,” said Roberta L. Brooker, State Librarian of Indiana. “Genealogy may seem like a painstaking process, but the resources and staff available at the State Library can simplify your family history research.” The Indiana Genealogy & Local History Fair on October 26 from 9:00 AM-3:30 PM is another unique event for family history researchers. Guests are welcome to visit the “midway” to collect information from genealogical and local history organizations and Indiana public libraries, and shop the commercial vendors. Various programs from family history experts Wayne Winkler and Ron Darrah will be offered during the day. Genealogy for Night Owls events are hosted every three months and opportunities to build your own family tree, take library orientation and collection tours, opportunities to ‘Ask-An-Expert’, and more. The Genealogy Collection also hosts collection orientation tours on a bi-weekly basis.
“These programs are designed to give attendees a broader view of their heritage,” said Brooker. “While Hoosiers have wide-range of ethnic and cultural backgrounds, we also share many unique characteristics with one another. These events highlight both our unique and shared cultures.” The State Library also offers genealogy workshops and family history tours monthly. Visit www.in.gov/library/events.htm to stay up to date with Indiana Genealogy & Local History Fair on October 26 from 9:00 AM-3:30 PM the latest offerings from Genealogy Collection staff. 9 Cornerstone
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Researching Your Civil War Ancestors By Sarah Pfundstein, Genealogy Collection Librarian The Genealogy Collection of the Indiana State Library contains many Civil War resources useful to researchers. The collection of Civil War materials includes both the Roster of Union Soldiers series as well as the Roster of Confederate Soldiers series. Both are indexes which contain the name of the soldier and the company he was attached to during the war. Additionally, the Civil War Roll of Honor lists soldiers killed in action. For Indiana soldiers an often overlooked resource is the Report of the Adjutant General Indiana War of the Rebellion 1861-1936, which lists the name of the soldier, residence and when was mustered in and out.
1st Lt. Wesley Gates, 75th Indiana Regiment. Source: Manuscripts & Rare Books, Indiana State Library.
Indiana’s Roll of Honor and Regimental Histories of the American Civil War on microfiche contains previously unpublished or material published before 1915 from Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, and other states. The State Library also provides in-house access to the Ancestry Library Edition database which contains the General Index to Pension Files, 1861-1934, U.S. Civil War Soldiers, 1861-1865, American Civil War Regiments, and U.S Civil War Photos, 18601865. Additionally, there is much information about Tennessee and the Civil War, including the series: The Tennessee Civil War Veterans Questionnaires. If you have any questions regarding the Genealogy Collection or would like information about an ancestor who may have served in the Civil War, please contact the State Library through its online “Ask a Librarian” service .
Indiana State Library Becomes FamilySearch Affiliate The Indiana State Library is the newest FamilySearch affiliate library. This designation means researchers will have greater and more convenient access to the wealth of genealogical resources available through FamilySearch. FamilySearch is the world's largest repository of free genealogical records and manages the famous Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah. It has amassed billions of birth, marriage, death, census, land, and court records of genealogical significance from over 130 countries. FamilySearch is extending access to its collections by circulating microfilms of the historic records through select public libraries. The Indiana State Library is now one of those libraries. It is a priceless resource for local residents interested in discovering their family tree. There is a nominal fee of $7.50 to order a microfilm. Once the film arrives, patrons use the microfilm readers at the Indiana State Library to peruse it. State Library staff can help patrons see what films are available, place film orders, and answer research questions. Patrons can also search the Family History Library Catalog online at FamilySearch.org to see what records FamilySearch has available to order through the library. SUMMER 2013
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War
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Morgan’s Infamous Raid through Ohio & Indiana Began with Final Battle Staged on Hoosier Soil
By Brent Abercrombie, Manuscripts & Rare Books Librarian This July 9, 2013 marked the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Corydon, the first and only pitched battle to occur in Indiana during the Civil War. The battle was part of a larger campaign throughout Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio referred to as Morgan’s Raid. In the summer of 1863, Confederate Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan, known as “The Thunderbolt of the Confederacy,” led his men on a daring expedition through Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio. The purpose of Morgan’s Raid was simple, to divert Union attention away from other Confederate campaigns. The idea was not original. In April 1863, Union Col. Benjamin Grierson led 1,700 cavalry 450 miles behind Confederate lines over the course of 16 days. His orders were to create chaos and destroy any railways, supply lines, or communication lines. Grierson’s raid succeeded and caught the attention of Morgan, who wished to embark on a similar raid. Morgan was confident that he could duplicate the success of Grierson and requested to General Bragg that he be allowed to cross into Union territory. General Bragg agreed with Morgan’s request and reasoning, with the exception of Morgan entering Union land. Despite not receiving permission to leave Kentucky, Morgan eagerly accepted his orders. He began
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worrying about the morale of his men, whom appeared to have grown idle due to lack of orders since their last raid the previous December. In preparation of the raid, he detached Capt. Thomas Hines on an intelligence-gathering mission into Indiana, and Col. Duke into Ohio, directly ignoring General Bragg’s orders. Morgan’s raid began near Sparta, Tennessee on June 11, 1863. Accompanying him was a division composed of 2500 cavalrymen, which was divided into two brigades of four regiments each along with two batteries of artillery. Morgan and his men crossed the Cumberland River at Burkesville, Kentucky on July 2 and advanced to Tebbs Bend, near Columbia, where he first met Union opposition on July 4. Morgan faced additional skirmishes in Lebanon and Springfield, Kentucky before crossing the Ohio River, and entering Indiana. His men received artillery fire as a welcoming upon entering the state. On July 9, 1863, Morgan’s men met the local militia outside Corydon. The Harrison County Home Guard, which numbered around 450 and under the command of Col. William J. Irvin, had constructed a barricade just south of the city to serve as
the battle line. Comprised of mainly older men and children, as most able-bodied men were currently fighting in the south, the local forces offered little resistance to Morgan and his men. Fighting lasted for about a half hour before Irvin’s men surrendered. Following the surrender, Morgan’s men robbed mercantile businesses, mills, and homes before heading north to Salem in Washington County. Salem suffered the most damage from the raid, as the railroad depots and bridges were burned and the town looted. In total, Morgan’s raid lasted five days through Indiana and resulted in damaging property in Canton, New Philadelphia, Vienna, Lexington, Paris, Vernon, Dupont, Bryantsburg, Versailles, Osgood, and into Dearborn County before entering the state of Ohio. Although the engagements brought on by Morgan’s raid were minimal within the context of the Civil War, it did create fear and unrest in the state. Upon receiving news of Morgan entering Indiana, Gov. Oliver P. Morton ordered any able bodied male in the state to join the militia to fight. Though he
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Left Image: Morgan’s Raid into Indiana, July 10, 1863 at Salem, in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper. Below Image: On July 15, 1863, Governor Oliver P. Morgan issued a statement to the citizens of Indiana thanking them for their response to the defense of the state during the recent raid by Confederate John Hunt Morgan. Source: Manuscripts & Rare Books, Indiana State Library. More Resources: Indiana State Library: www.in.gov/library/2842.htm Indiana Historical Bureau: www.in.gov/history/3993.htm
successfully evaded capture in Indiana, his raid ended with his capture following his defeat at the Battle of Salineville in eastern Ohio near Lisbon. The raid legitimized fear within southern Indiana of the potential for a Confederate attack. Today, the legacy of Morgan’s Raid continues. Conner Prairie “1863 Civil War Journey: Raid on Indiana,” launched a new interactive adventure where people experience the life of the Union home-front and how citizens responded as word spread of Morgan’s arrival in Indiana. In Corydon, residents re-enact the Battle of Corydon every July. The festival includes battle re-enactments, tours, and events that promote local history. Corydon is also hosting a museum exhibit titled “My brother, my enemy,” which will include Civil War artifacts and interactive screens. Throughout southern Indiana, historical markers notate Morgan’s path through the state. The events and markers illustrate the lasting memory of Morgan’s Raid through Indiana.
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Help Preserve Our Hoosier Heritage
Vital Historic Preservation Projects rely on the support of volunteers and donors
More Endangered Collections • Historic Maps • Oversized Materials (storage solutions) • County Histories
Newspapers offer localized daily and weekly snapshots into our past, and can provide invaluable information for family or local history researchers. While some are also available in digital copies or microform, there are many that only exist in print format.
• Cage/Holliday Collection • Rolled Mylar Maps • Indy Star Re-Wrapping Project • Parchment Treaties • Architectural Drawings
The Indiana State Library holds a large collection of statewide newspapers spanning two hundred years that are part of ongoing preservation efforts to repair and re-house large bound volumes and single unbound papers. Your contribution would greatly aide this ongoing work in the form of funding for supplies and equipment, temporary staff, and interns to assist with the project. Help us preserve these invaluable, often irreplaceable pieces of Hoosier history for future generations.
Annual Event Connects Hoosiers with Vision Loss to Assistive Technologies In April 2006, the Indiana State Library hosted its inaugural Indiana Vision Expo for persons with vision loss, their friends and families, service providers, educators, health care professionals, librarians, and other consumers interested in products and services designed to promote independent living. That first year, fifteen vendors exhibited and sold a variety of products from computer software and magnifiers to games and kitchen gadgets, and promoted services available to people with visual impairments. The Vision Expo has been more successful than anticipated. In its first year, over 500 people attended, and the vendors reported that this was the busiest Indiana-based trade show they ever worked. This inaugural event laid the groundwork for a larger Expo in 2007 with over 600 attendees and 20 vendors. The Expo now welcomes over 40 vendors and 1,000 attendees annually making it the largest low-vision trade show in the Midwest.
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Giving Matters The Indiana State Library Foundation acknowledges the great importance of gifts and donations to the Library’s operations and to its future development. The Foundation gratefully accepts gifts and contributions for the development of its collections, programs, and services. Monetary gifts are much appreciated, as are bequests, endowments and personal property. Prior to making any donation, please contact: Indiana State Library Foundation 140 N. Senate Avenue Indianapolis, IN 46204 Attn: Gift/Donation Coordinator PH: (317) 232-3675; donations@library.in.gov Types of Gifts the Library Requests: • Monetary Donations; • Bequests/Devises; • Endowments • Personal & Real Property (items may be accepted at the discretion of the State Librarian or Foundation)
Tourism O ffice D evelops Curriculum H ighlighting I ndiana H istory The Indiana Office of Tourism Development (IOTD) in conjunction with the Indiana Bicentennial Commission has unveiled an innovative curriculum resource for 4th-grade teachers titled “Visit Indiana: 4th Grade Social Studies.” The history of Indiana is a required topic for all Indiana fourth-grade social studies classes. In the fall of 2012, an innovative group of teachers took their history lessons one step further and incorporated problem solving into the Indiana history curriculum. Through a unique partnership between IOTD and Promise Road Elementary School in Noblesville, 4th-graders became ambassadors for their state and tackled the economic driver question: “How can we as Indiana travel agents, help promote business and tourism in Indiana?” “Engaging young Hoosiers and promoting state tourism are essential functions of the Indiana Bicentennial Commission,” said Chris Jensen, Executive Director of the Indiana Bicentennial Commission. “This unique and interactive curriculum is a perfect way to educate and
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excite students about the upcoming Bicentennial.” The initial partnership with Promise Road Elementary School has been developed into a curriculum teachers can use and adopt to meet the needs of their 4thgrade classroom. A toolkit for “Visit Indiana: 4th Grade Social Studies” is available at no cost to teachers at VisitIndianaTeachers.com. The toolkit offers an overview and resources to a highly collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to teaching the course. At the same time, it offers opportunities for teachers to incorporate additional learning components. IOTD will work closely with schools who wish to adopt the curriculum by providing maps, economic impact information, speakers and other resources.
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