Volume 100 Issue 14 by Dianne Heimer

HOW THE CAMPUS VOTED PG. 5

CITY COLLEGE S MADAM PRESIDENT PG. 9

ELECTION

2016 MADE UP YOUR MIND? SACRAMENTO CITY COLLEGE S STUDENT-RUN NEWSPAPER SINCE 1922

VOLUME 100 ISSUE 14 NOVEMBER 3, 2016

EDITORIAL

In Hillary we trust What a year it has been. To many students on the City College campus, welcome to your first election. wish I wasn’t writing that with dripping sarcasm. our first election should be one you’re proud to be a part of. Voting is one of the rituals of age that we look forward to. ou finally get to create a mar on society without your parents’ permission. Unfortunately, in this election, many are heading to voting booths scratching their heads and asking, “What just happened?” We approach an election unlike any before. On one hand, we have the opportunity — and the obligation — to elect Hillary Clinton. For the better part of her life, she has been immersed in law and politics. From her law degree at Yale to becoming the first lady to becoming the first female senator from ew or , and then most recently, to being Secretary of State for the United States. She has years learning and honing her craft in the political halls of many institutions. On the other side, America has the opportunity to become the laughing stock of the world if Donald Trump is elected president. How Trump came to be the Republican candidate for the presidency is hard to fathom, even now. He was given control of his father’s real estate and construction firm after earning his bachelor’s from the University of Pennsylvania. He is the first candidate to not share his tax returns in over four decades. Although he has never declared personal bankruptcy, six of his hotels and casinos have filed for ban ruptcy. Since the beginning of the election process, these two candidates have been treated like the worst candidates to ever run. Half of that statement is true. Trump is the worst candidate to ever run. He has made a complete mockery of the nation’s once proud democratic process. As alleged by nearly a dozen women, he has routinely groped and sexually assaulted women for years. He degraded a Miss Universe winner and called her “Miss Piggy.” He has alienated and insulted immigrants in this country. If he’s not winning in the polls, he declares the polls,

IN THIS

EDITION Page 3 - The Express staff wrote summaries of the propositions that we feel are the most important and relevant to college students. We touch on the legalization of marijuana, the restrictions of purchasing ammunition and school bonds. Page 4 - During and after the debates, Fact Checking has been the latest craze. Who is saying what and is it true? Partly true? Or a complete fabrication? We dive into who is behind the fact checking curtain and see how it’s all done.

Hillary Clinton during the 2016 campaign for president. ¦ Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

the microphones, the system as rigged. Just ask the Emmy Awards presenters. Trump declared, during the national debate, that he would “wait and see the results. I’ll keep you in suspense.” Every presidential candidate in U.S. history has accepted the results of the election. Trump treats it like a cliffhanger for his television show “The Apprentice.” He has effectively turned the presidential election into the next reality TV show. Americans are rubbernecking, afraid to look, but still amazed that they can’t take their eyes away from what may happen next. Clinton has unfairly had her name attached to Trump since the beginning of the election process. But unlike the smear campaign Trump has been running, she has a clearly organized and thorough campaign. She has extensive experience with health care reform as former ﬁrst lady and plans to improve the Affordable Care Act. She met with and negotiated with the world’s most powerful countries and leaders as U.S. Secretary of State. She has been an advocate for LGBT and women’s rights. Her biggest issue this campaign has been the Wikileaks emails from a non-secure email server when she

Writers Collin Houck, Dean Hyman, Ray Jenkins, Susan Mackey, Jocelynn Rubio Editor in Chief Neill Little News Editor Eliza Caliolio Assistant News Editor Will Coburn Features Editor Maxﬁeld Morris Sports Editor Ricardo Lopez Photo Editor Vanessa S. Nelson Assistant Photo Editor Cameron Richtik Fashion Editor Ulysses Ruiz Photographers Guillermina Bedolla, Corey Browning, Hector Flores, Julie Jorgensen, Sonora Raidon, Katelyn Stark

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Design Adviser Michele Lee Assistant Design Editor Trevon Norton Cover Photo Vanessa S. Nelson Advisers Randy Allen, Dianne Heimer EDITORIAL POLICIES Views published in the Express do not reﬂect those of the Los Rios Community College District Board of Trustees, the Associate Student Government, City College, Journalism department, administration, student body, or faculty; unless otherwise stated.

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was Secretary of State. The FBI has stated it can’t find any real wrongdoing and still hasn’t — even in the wake of the latest Wikileaks bombshell of the past few weeks. While the candidates’ personalities and policies are the main story this election, there are two very big issues in our future that will influence all Americans, as well. One, the next president will likely appoint three new justices to the Supreme Court, crafting the political atmosphere for potentially the next half a century. And two, the fate of the new president’s policy on global warming and climate change will alter the future. Clinton has shown the political makeup and knowledge to understand the magnitude of those impending decisions. Trump has shown the ability to leave us hanging and cringing, peaking with one eye open to see what in the world he’s going to do next. We, at the Express newspaper, hope we, as Americans, will keep America great and elect the first woman president of the nited tates of America. ♦ Express staff

Pages 6 and 7 - Do you know who you are voting for? Do you still have questions? We broke down each candidate’s history and their campaign platforms. Page 8 - We covered an election education forum at Sacramento State University for students wanting to know information on the election process. Nonpartisan panelists at the forum discussed reasons for low voter turnout and the importance of local elections. Page 9 - On Nov. 8, America has the opportunity to elect the ﬁrst woman president. Here, at City College, we have already taken that opportunity. We have an in-depth proﬁle on the woman in charge of City College’s Student Senate, Melody Jimenez. Page 10 - Politics are not without drama and scandal. The Express obtained media passes to a front-row look at the Sheriff Scott Jones and Ami Bera debate at KVIE and what really goes on.

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MEMBERSHIPS Journalism Association of Community Colleges California Newspaper Publishers Association CONTACT US Let the Express know what you think. Letters should be 300 words or less. Please include contact information. No anonymous letters will be printed. The Express reserves the right to edit or reject any article, advertisement or illustration deemed inappropriate, including letters to the editor. Sacramento City College 3835 Freeport Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95822 Website saccityexpress.com

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Page 5 - On Oct. 26, the Express held an unofﬁcial polling booth at the ga ebo in the Quad. We wanted to gage the political climate and see who students and faculty are voting for. Here, we display the results as well as photos from the event.

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Page 11 - City College has its own political expert here on campus, political science professor Paul Frank. He is the man with a plan for City College’s potential political future. Page 12 - The First Lady has historically influenced our country in many ways, including fashion. Here, we take a look bac at the most influential first women in our history. · · ·

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NEWS

Ballot will have lasting impact on students Information on 7 important California ballot measures Ma Eliza Caliolio, Maxﬁeld Morris and Corey Browning

whelmingly opposed by the law enforcement community and civil rights groups because it will burden law abiding citizens without keeping violent criminals and terrorists from accessing ﬁrearms and ammunition.”

News Editor, Features Editor and Staﬀ Writer · mecali.express@gmail.com

maxﬁeldmorris.express@gmail.com coreybrowning@gmail.com

For this upcoming election, the Express has chosen seven out of the 17 total propositions on the ballot that we believe will have immediate and long-term inﬂuence on City College students in their education and in their day-to-day lives. Information on the propositions was obtained from non-partisan and non-proﬁt groups, including CALmatters and Ballotpedia. We hope this will provide you with vital information needed to make your voting decisions. To read summaries of all 17 propositions, visit CALmatters https://calmatters. org/elections and Ballotpedia https:// ballotpedia.org/California_2016_ballot_propositions. PROPOSITION 51 - School construction Authorizes the state to sell $9 billion in bonds toward the construction and renovation of public California K-12 schools and community colleges. Over the next 35 years it would cost taxpayers $17.6 billion, including $8.6 billion in interest. Support San Francisco Chronicle: “Passing Proposition 51 can go a long way in modernizing schools and community colleges across California. Vote Yes on Prop. 51.” Opposition Gov. Jerry Brown in a statement to the Los Angeles Times: “I am against the developers’ $9-billion bond. It’s a blunderbuss effort that promotes sprawl and squanders money that would be far better spent in low-income communities.” PROPOSITION 55 - High-earner tax Extends 2012’s Proposition 30 for 12 more years, which increased personal income tax by 1–3 percent on earnings over $250,000. The revenue generated goes mainly toward education spending, along with funds allocated to Medi-Cal and other programs. Support The Sacramento Bee: “Schools are important. Children are the future. And the state can’t compete economically without an educated workforce. If there were even a faint hope that the Legislature might summon the political will to overhaul this state’s dysfunctional tax structure, we would not be endorsing the Proposition 55 extension.”

Americans will head to the polls on Election Day, November 8, 2016. ¦ Photo by Vanessa S. Nelson ·

vanessanelsonexpress@gmail.com

Opposition San Francisco Chronicle: “Proposition 55 represents another big patch for a precarious tax structure, and one big excuse for elected ofﬁcials to continue avoiding a comprehensive tax reform that actually could allow sustainable investments in our schools and other priorities. Voters should reject it.” PROPOSITION 56 - Tobacco tax Increases cigarette tax by $2 per pack and taxes other tobacco products similarly. The tax would generate more than $1 billion annually, the majority of which would go to Medi-Cal. Support The Sacramento Bee: “This tax will move California nearer to a complete shunning of this scourge of habit, which, if we’re lucky, will someday generate no tax revenue at all.” Opposition Los Angeles Daily News: “While there might be justiﬁcation to raise the tax, this isn’t the right way to do it. A tobacco tax should be geared toward reducing the harms of tobacco use, not bailing out the state from having to discuss complicated issues.” PROPOSITION 61 - Prescription drugs Prevents the state from purchasing prescription drugs at a higher price than the United States Department of Veterans Affairs pays. Could potentially save the state a large amount of money. Support San Francisco Examiner: “This

measure would fight price gouging by big drug companies and expand access to life-saving medicine. The opposition has heavily outspent the proponents of this measure, and nearly every major newspaper in the state has backed Big Pharma on this issue. We do not follow them.” Opposition Sacramento Bee: “...Big Pharma could use a dose of its own medicine. But Proposition 61 is not the way to do that. The initiative comes with too many uncertainties and not enough guarantees that things won’t get worse. We’re loath to admit the industry is right when it says this is an all-too-simplistic solution to a complicated issue.” PROPOSITION 63 - Gun control Creates stricter requirements for purchasing ammunition, prohibits ownership of large-capacity ammunition magazines and creates procedures for enforcement of gun control laws. The new regulations would result in increased costs to law enforcement and the justice system. Support Los Angeles Times: “Now, with Proposition 63, voters have the opportunity to impose additional restrictions. Despite a few niggling concerns, we encourage a ‘yes’ vote on Proposition 63 to send a loud and clear message to the pro-gun lobby that California voters want more, not fewer, limits on access to firearms.” Opposition Arguments from the official voter information guide: “Prop. 63 is over· · ·

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PROPOSITION 64 - Legalizing marijuana Legalizes the sale of marijuana to adults 21 and older. Sets state taxes on the sale of marijuana and establishes state standards for products containing marijuana. Could produce over $1 billion in revenue annually and reduce the costs of enforcing marijuana-related crimes. Support Los Angeles Times: “On balance, the proposition deserves a ‘yes’ vote. It is ultimately better for public health, for law and order and for society if marijuana is a legal, regulated and controlled product for adults. Proposition 64 — while not perfect — offers a logical, pragmatic approach to legalization that also would give lawmakers and regulators the flexibility to change the law to address the inevitable unintended consequences.” Opposition Sacramento Bee: “...Once approved, laws adopted by initiative are all but impossible to roll back without going back to the electorate. For all the spin by backers about how carefully they wrote Proposition 64, the initiative is not fully baked.” PROPOSITIONS 65 & 67 - Plastic bags Proposition 67 keeps the distribution of plastic bags by grocery stores prohibited and regulates the sale of paper bags. Proposition 65, a ballot initiative funded by plastic bag manufacturers, would redirect the revenue from bag fees to a new state fund. Support for 67, opposition to 65 Sacramento Bee: “They’re tricky, and three out of four possible votes on the two would kill or cripple California’s bag ban. So Californians must pay attention and quash this cynical effort. Here’s the shortcut: Vote ‘no’ on Proposition 65 and ‘yes’ on Proposition 67. Got it? ‘No’ on the first plastic bag measure, then ‘yes’ on the second one.” Opposition to 67, support for 65 Arguments from the official voter information guide: “Proposition 65 dedicates the bag fees to environmental projects like drought relief, beach clean-up and litter removal,” “Proposition 67 will grow profits for grocery stores by up to $300 million a year. Big grocery store chains get to keep all of the tax revenue.” ♦ November 3, 2016 · Express

FEATURES

Fast fact checking facts

PolitiFact uses modern tools to inform voters

Reporter Chris Nichols runs PolitiFact s California headquarters out of Capital Public Radio in Sacramento. ¦ Photo courtesy of Capital Public Radio

William Coburn

Assistant News Editor · willccoburn@gmail.com

In today’s social media centered news cycle, it seems that wild political soundbites and emotional claims reign supreme. With such a big focus on the bizarre and outrageous, it’s easy for voters lose track of whether candidates are telling the truth. Armed with Google searches, archive.org, exhaustive Twitter histories and contact lists full of experts, fact checkers have entered the fray to verify claims made by politicians. During the recent presidential debates, organizations like the Washington Post, Snopes. com, the Sacramento Bee’s PoliGraph and the Annenberg Public Policy Center participated in fact checking claims made by candidates. ne of the ﬁrst organi ations to devote itself solely to fact checking is Politi act.com, originally afﬁliated with the Tampa Bay Times, but which now has news organizations across the country to provide fact-checking services. PolitiFact’s California bureau is run by Chris Nichols out of Capital Public Radio in Sacramento.

Express · November 3, 2016

“We have a pretty rigorous system,” Nichols said. The journalists at PolitiFact obsessively watch and read a vast array of media, from traditional news to social media to see what people and politicians are talking about, as well as the mailers and ofﬁcial statements from the campaigns. The fact checkers start their morning looking for statements that are provocative, interesting or throw up some red ﬂags.

Fact checking is only a piece of journalism. I wouldn t want the traditional stories and investigations and all that to go away.

Chris Nichols

Politifact Journalist

“ he ﬁrst thing we do is contact the person who made the statement and give them a chance to explain it,” Nichols said. Afterward, fact checkers in the organization look for non-partisan experts · · ·

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to weigh in. Then, PolitiFact compiles its research and logs the result. Results are then sent to a board of editors who debate what ranking the fact check should be given. By the end of the day PolitiFact will have ranked a statement on a scale from “True” to “Pants On Fire” for more egregious statements. PolitiFact California has made its editorial stance not to cover new statements during political speeches or debates until the next morning, so they have time to properly research the statement and contact experts. However, because politicians often use canned responses, PolitiFact maintains a large social media presence during live debates and speeches and reposts fact checks the moment they become relevant, as well as crowd-sourcing what topics will be most critical for them to cover in the aftermath. ichols and his ofﬁce have a focus on the California elections, and he said he found the ballot measure campaigns the most interesting. In one instance, Nichols recalls that the tobacco industry was running an ad against Proposition 56 that featured a doctor claiming that the proposition catered more

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to “special interest groups” than to health. “That’s a provocative message,” Nichols said. “You have these big industries, like the tobacco industry and the pharmaceutical industry, spending literally hundreds of millions of dollars on all these campaign advertisements,” said Nichols. “The thing I’ve found is, these folks that put these ads together, they know what the facts are, they’re pretty smart people and they’re very well-informed,” Nichols said. “So they do just enough with their advertisements to have an element of truth to them, but are misleading or deceptive at the same time.” This puts PolitiFact in a position of not simply rating statements as true or false, because often the statement doesn’t show the whole picture or the context the statement was given in. That, Nichols says, is where more in-depth and long form journalism comes in. “Fact checking,” he said, “is only a piece of journalism. I wouldn’t want the traditional stories and investigations and all that to go away.” See PolitiFact.com/California for more details. ♦ · · ·

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NEWS

City College picks Clinton over Trump

Students weigh in on presidential candidates, propositions in mock poll Ray Jenkins

Staﬀ Writer · rjenkinsexpress@gmail.com

The Nov. 8 ballot has a lot riding on it. Along with the presidential candidates in the running, there are also 17 state propositions that will affect California and its future. The Express newspaper staff wanted to see how students across campus might vote in the election, so the staff staged a mock election booth Oct. 26 in the Quad. Four hundred and fourteen students chec ed unofficial presidential voting ballots for either Hillary Clinton or Donald Trump, the only candidates on the ballot. Clinton received 308 votes and Trump received 42 votes. Write-in names made up the rest of the ballots. Many of the students who voted for Clinton thought she was the best option for president, including theater arts major Walidah Rushiddin. “Hillary is better than Trump,” Rushiddin said. “She is more educated in politics. Trump causes too many problems and is too negative.” City College Interim President Michael Poindexter offered his support for Clinton as well. “We need to have the best person represent the U.S. and the world,” Poindexter said. “Donald Trump doesn’t have a plan in place. illary linton is better fit to have a plan for college students.” As stated, the informal ballot was limited to the two top polling presidential candidates, but that didn’t stop students who wrote in candidates. The candidate who received the third most votes was Bernie Sanders with 19 votes. Sanders will not be on the California ballot because he withdrew from the race in July 2016, but he is a valid write-in candidate. Many students expressed their support for the independent senator from Vermont. “I was originally a Bernie supporter,” said Michael Trevizo, administrative justice major. Other write-ins were Green Party candidate Jill Stein, who received 16 votes, and Libertarian Party candidate Gary Johnson, who received nine votes. oth of these candidates are on the official California ballot. Students were also randomly asked for their positions on state propositions 56, 64 and 67. Many City College students felt that Proposition 56, which increases taxes on cigarettes by $2 a pack to fund healthcare, wouldn’t be effective.

City College students cast ballots in the Express informal presidential poll on Oct. 26, 2016. ¦ Photo by Corey Browning · coreybrowningexpress@gmail.com

“My mom’s going to be mad,” said Marqell Richardson, an ethnic studies major, “[but] what are they accomplishing by doing this?” Richardson wasn’t alone in his view. “It’s a waste of money” said Mykell Brown, a kinesiology major. Proposition 64 would legalize the control, regulation and tax of adult use of marijuana. Richardson had a unique perspective on the proposition passing. “Marijuana kills cancer and should be legal,” he said. “I honestly don’t think the government wants cancer to be cured.” Some City College students didn’t care for Proposition 67, which bans grocery stores from providing plastic bags. “I’d rather buy food and only food,” Brown said. “Sometimes we can’t get groceries because of the extra 50 cents charge.” On Nov. 8, Californians will vote to determine which state propositions pass, along with choosing the next president and many state and local candidates. ♦

Over 400 City College students participated in an unoﬃcial poll conduct by the Express on Oct. 26. Photo by Cameron Richtik · cameronrichtikexpress@gmail.com

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FEATURES

Cameron Richtik

Introducing our next leader...

Assistant Editor · cameronrichtikexpress@gmail.com

This election has been a constant source of drama and entertainment. Scandals, accusations, health scares and investigations seem to be the focal point of any mainstream discussion.

Regardless of political drama over the last year, it is safe bet that one of two people will be the next president of the United States in January: Democrat Hillary Clinton or Republican Donald Trump.

Former New Mexico Gov. Gary Johnson speaking with supporters at a campaign rally at the Phoenix Airport Marriott in Arizona.

Jill Stein speaking at a Green Party presidential town hall in Mesa, Arizona.

Photo by Gage Skidmore/Wikimedia commons

GARY JOHNSON

Donald Trump is the Republican Party nominee for President of the United States. In 1968 Trump graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a bachelor’s degree in economics. In 1971, he was given control of his father’s real estate firm, the rump rgani ation. he organi ation has facilitated the building of office towers, hotels, casinos and other facilities around the world. n late , rump briefly campaigned to be the eform Party’s nominee for the 2000 presidential election. He focused on issues of eliminating the national debt and universal healthcare. Since 2004, Trump has hosted a total of 14 seasons of “The

Express · November 3, 2016

Photo by Vanessa S. Nelson · vanessanelsonexpress@gmail.com

Apprentice,” a game show in which contestants’ business skills are pitted against one other. In June 2015, Trump announced that he would once again enter the presidential race and is now the nominee for the Republicans. His campaign has centered around such issues as strengthening immigration laws, building a . .- exico border, repealing the Affordable Care Act and temporarily banning all uslims entering the nited tates. The following information on selected issues is taken directly from Trump’s campaign website.

Hillary Rodham Clinton is the current Democratic Party nominee for president of the United States. She received her J.D., a graduate-entry professional degree in law, from Yale University in 1973 at age 26. A year later she became one of two female faculty members at University of Arkansas School of Law in Fayetteville. he later joined the ose aw irm, the third oldest law firm in the nited tates, as its first female associate and partner. In 2000 following her husband’s presidency, she was elected as the first female senator from ew or , and was the first irst ady in American history to run for elected office. After serving

ill tein, 66, is a arvard edical School graduate, who turned to activism in 1998 to protest coal plants in assachusetts. ince she has served on the board of the Physicians for Social Responsibility. Last month, Stein and current running mate, Ajumu Baraka, were charged with misdemeanors counts of criminal trespassing and criminal mischief after spray-painting a bulldozer while protesting the Dakota Access Pipeline. This year, Stein introduced her Power to the People Plan, which she says “offers direct answers to the economic, social, and ecological crises brought on by both corporate political parties.”

for eight years, she ran for president and won 1,896 delegates, more than any previous female candidate. With Clinton as nominee, the Democratic National Committee’s platform has been regarded as the most progressive in history: emphasizing raising the minimum wage to $15 an hour, pathways to citizenship for undocumented immigrants, improving the Affordable Care Act and increasing taxes on the wealthy. The following information on selected issues is taken directly from Clinton’s campaign website.

DONALD HILLARY

Healthcare epeal and replace bamacare with Health Savings Accounts (HSAs). reate a patient-centered health care system that promotes choice, quality and affordability. stablish high-ris pools to ensure access to coverage for individuals who have not maintained continuous coverage. Allow people to purchase insurance across state lines in all 50 states.

Immigration stablish an impenetrable physical wall on the southern border, on day one. exico will pay for the wall. etain and remove illegal entrants. riple number of agents. nsure a biometric entry-exit visa trac ing system at all land, air and sea ports.

Taxes rac ets

rates for married-joint filers ess than 7 , ore than 7 , but less than , ore than , ncrease the standard deduction for joint filers to , , from ,6 , and the standard deduction for single filers to $15,000. hildcare exclusion provided to families who use stay-at-home parents, grandparents or paid caregivers, and would be limited to four children per taxpayer capped at $5,000 per year. axpayers would be able to establish Dependent Care Savings Accounts As for the benefit of specific individuals, including unborn children.

Mental Health Promote early diagnosis and intervention. aunch a national initiative for suicide prevention. ntegrate nation’s mental and physical health care systems so that health care delivery focuses on the “whole person” and expand community-based treatment. Prioriti e treatment over jail for lowlevel, nonviolent offenders. elp train law enforcement ofﬁcers in responding to conﬂicts involving people with mental illness. nvest in brain behavioral science research.

Healthcare efend and expand the Affordable are Act, which covers 20 million people. ring down out-of-poc et costs li e copays and deductibles. educe the cost of prescription drugs. ncentivi e states to expand edicaid. efend access to reproductive health care. ouble funding for community health centers. Paid family and medical leave

National Service xpand Ameri orps to allow more Americans to serve their communities. reate a ational ervice eserve to enable millions of Americans to engage in part-time volunteer service to their communities uild on the current Ameri orps egal Education Award…so that AmeriCorps members can earn more than $10,000 for college for every year of full-time service.

Immigration omprehensive immigration reform with a pathway to full and equal citizenship within first days in office. efend bama’s executive actions nown as A A and APA against partisan attacks. reate a national ffice of mmigrant Affairs.

Education a e college debt-free. nvest in computer science and education. Provide affordable broadband to of households by 2020. ffer comprehensive support to sexual assault on college campuses

TRUMP CLINTON

Johnson’s policy initiatives and promises include: etoing legislation that will result in deﬁcit spending. eplace all income and payroll taxes with a single consumption tax etting term limits where politicians spend a few years doing the job at hand and then return to private life. reat drug abuse li e a disease instead of a crime. ncentivi e non-citi ens to pay their taxes, obtain proof of employment, and otherwise assimilate into society.

Photo by Gage Skidmore/Wikimedia commons

Hillary Clinton stops by City College during the Democratic primary. Clinton is the Democratic candidate in the 2016 presidential election.

GOP presidential nominee Donald Trump holds a rally in Newtown, PA, Oct. 21. ¦ Photo by Michael Candelori/Creative Commons

JILL STEIN

Gary Johnson, 63, is a graduate of the niversity of ew exico. ohnson started his own business, Big J Enterprises, which grew to become a leading construction company in New exico. e was governor of ew exico from . During his two terms, Johnson vetoed 750 bills, advocated for legalization of marijuana and proposed a wide range of tax cuts. This year, he won the Libertarian Nomination. His campaign promotes limited government and military noninterventionism, avoiding alliances with other nations to avoid being drawn into wars not related to domestic defense.

For those unhappy with either of the front runners, there are other options. According to allotpedia, , candidates ﬁled a tatement of andidacy. ost notable among these alternative choices are Libertarian nominee Gary Johnson and Green Party nominee Jill Stein. The new president will lead new policy initiatives and nominate new Supreme Court justices. Every one of us should be familiar with their policy positions and their professional experience so that we can make informed decisions on Nov. 8 when we vote. n each candidate’s website you can ﬁnd an in-depth policy platform with the issues.

Cyber security reate yber eview eam to immediately review all U.S. cyber defenses and vulnerabilities. nstruct the . . epartment of ustice to create Joint Task Forces throughout the U.S. to coordinate federal, state, and local law enforcement.

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Education Add additional federal investment of billion toward school choice. This will be done by reprioritizing existing federal dollars. stablish the national goal of providing school choice to 11 million school-aged children living in poverty. nsure the opportunity to attend a twoor four-year college, or to pursue a trade or a skill set through vocational and technical education.

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Taxes lose corporate and all treet tax loopholes and invest in America. implify and cut taxes for small businesses so they can hire and grow. Provide tax relief to wor ing families from the rising costs they face.

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Stein’s Power to the People plan includes: ransitioning to clean renewable energy by 2030 Abolish student debt to free a generation of Americans from debt servitude. uarantee tuition-free public education from preschool through university. et a hour federal minimum wage. stablish an improved edicare or All single-payer public health insurance program. A global treaty to halt climate change. reat substance abuse as a public health problem, not a criminal problem. · · ·

November 3, 2016 · Express

FEATURES

Cameron Richtik

Introducing our next leader...

Assistant Editor · cameronrichtikexpress@gmail.com

This election has been a constant source of drama and entertainment. Scandals, accusations, health scares and investigations seem to be the focal point of any mainstream discussion.

Former New Mexico Gov. Gary Johnson speaking with supporters at a campaign rally at the Phoenix Airport Marriott in Arizona.

Jill Stein speaking at a Green Party presidential town hall in Mesa, Arizona.

Photo by Gage Skidmore/Wikimedia commons

GARY JOHNSON

Express · November 3, 2016

Photo by Vanessa S. Nelson · vanessanelsonexpress@gmail.com

DONALD HILLARY

Taxes rac ets

Education a e college debt-free. nvest in computer science and education. Provide affordable broadband to of households by 2020. ffer comprehensive support to sexual assault on college campuses

TRUMP CLINTON

Photo by Gage Skidmore/Wikimedia commons

Hillary Clinton stops by City College during the Democratic primary. Clinton is the Democratic candidate in the 2016 presidential election.

GOP presidential nominee Donald Trump holds a rally in Newtown, PA, Oct. 21. ¦ Photo by Michael Candelori/Creative Commons

JILL STEIN

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NEWS

Students learn importance of votes

Nonpartisan political groups explain state props, registration at Sac State forum

From left, Heather Ditty from the Sacramento County Department of Voter Registration and Elections, James Schwab from the Secretary of State s Oﬃce and Carol Moon Goldberg from the League of Women Voters were the panelists at a voter education panel held at Sacramento State. ¦ Photo by Joel Boland/The State Hornet

Cameron Richtik

Assistant Editor · cameronrichtikexpress@gmail.com

Over 100 Sacramento State and City College students explored California voter registration and ballot measures with a panel of election experts Oct. 13 at Sacramento State University. “The president [U.S.] has little to do with what happens locally,” said one of the speakers, James Schwab, chief of Legislative Affairs at the California ecretary of tate’s ofﬁce. “ ou elect the people who can make the changes you care about.” The nonpartisan panel discussion also included Heather Ditty from the Sacramento County Department of Voter Registration and Elections, and Carol Moon Goldberg, a director with the League of Women Voters. Goldberg listed the local issues that voters can affect.

Express · November 3, 2016

“ our school, your water, your buses. Changes in laws affect everyone’s lives,” Goldberg told students. “This all happens because you choose at the polls, and polls make decisions.”

Forums like this help educate people on how important their vote is in this election.

Chase Sims

Communication major

Ditty gave a local example to demonstrate the importance of showing up to vote: a special election to decide if Freeport, a “census-designated place” just south of the Pocket area, would become part of the city of Sacramento in 2005. “Freeport wanted annexation into the city,” itty said. “ t lost by only ﬁve votes.” · · ·

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Goldberg explained that not every ballot measure requires a vote. She urged students to focus on the few they care about. “If you don’t feel like you know enough about it, don’t vote on it,” Goldberg said. “This is not a test.” Jared Anderson, adjunct professor at City College and coach of the Sacramento State Hornet debate team, has organized the forum every semester at Sacramento State for the past four years. Anderson told the Sac State Hornet in an interview that he wanted the student body to be aware of the active debate team and educational opportunities like the forum. “With the election coming up in 27 days, I really wanted to do something about voter education,” Anderson said. Anderson’s student and communication major Chase Sims attended to gain credit and information. “We have this notion that your voice doesn’t matter,” Sims said. “Forums like SCCEXPRESSNEWS

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this help educate people on how important their vote is in this election.” Before the forum concluded, panelists pointed students toward online resources for further questions or concerns about registration and voting rights. fﬁcial information comes directly from the California Secretary of State’s website, which has information on upcoming elections, state archives, campaign ﬁnance records and lobbying activities. For more information, go to http://sos.ca.gov. The panel also recommended voters to visit the website for Voter’s Edge, a non-partisan online guide to federal, state and local elections in California, Illinois and ew or . oter’s dge also allows voters to access full, personalized ballots for their local elections based on their residential addresses. For more information, visit http://vote sed e. a. ♦ · · ·

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PROFILE

Meet your Senate president

Leader Melody Jimenez gives City College students a voice Maxﬁeld Morris

Features Editor · maxﬁeldmorris.express@gmail.com

Melody Jimenez is no-nonsense when it comes to her job as president of the Student Senate at City College. She’s also very humble about her role. When she walks around the campus, she doesn’t feel like a president. “I just feel like a normal person,” says Jimenez. “I just happen to have more responsibilities, that’s it.” Jimenez, a second-year political science major, didn’t originally run for president in the April 2016 election — she ran for, and was elected as, the secretary of Legislative Affairs, the same position she held the year before. That wasn’t the end of it, though. There was something a little bizarre about the election. “In the original elections, no one ran for president,” says Jimenez. “The board had to decide what to do about that. Either we could wait until the new year starts or have an interim now and have someone voted in officially at the start of the year.” The board opted for an interim president in the hope that it would keep things from falling through the cracks. A total of three candidates were nominated for the position, including Jimenez. “I needed to take an initiative, I couldn’t just let that spot sit there,” says Jimenez, “because I know that as a leader, I just needed to step up.” Ultimately, she was chosen and served in an interim capacity during the summer and was officially sworn in as president of the Student Senate during the first wee of school in August.

I just feel like a normal person. I just happen to have more responsibilities, that s it.

Melody Jimenez

Student Senate president

Since then, Jimenez has passionately wor ed to fulﬁll her presidential duties. One of the primary aspects of her role is to appoint people to on-campus committees, such as the Student Equity and the Campus Development committees. “Right now I want to make sure that there’s a student voice on all of the shared governance committees,” says Jimenez. “Student voices have to be in those conversations. That’s one of my big goals.”

Another of Jimenez’s goals is to work to address a number of pressing social issues, including mental health treatment and helping homeless students. “I helped advocate for a bill called AB-2017, which would allocate more money to the mental health services of all of California,” says Jimenez. “I also care about our homeless students … There was a bill, AB-1995, that I helped advocate for, which was for homeless students to have access to showers on campus.” Though AB-2017 was vetoed by Gov. Jerry Brown, Jimenez makes it clear that she isn’t giving up on the cause. “If it comes up again, I’m going to make sure that we advocate for that bill as hard as we can,” says Jimenez. “That includes making calls to legislators, going down and dropping into offices, actually attending the legislative hearings more often. That’s something I’m planning to do if it comes up again next year.” Jimenez works alongside students who are determined to help others. “One of our senators on our board is having a big initiative on addressing the needs of homeless students on campus,” says Jimenez. “She’s been helping our campus food pantry over at RISE.” Student Senate Vice President Raymond Concha has worked with Jimenez for the past year, and he has seen her continued efforts. “Melody is very passionate about the topics and the issues that she has experience in,” says Concha. “Seeing her grow throughout the past couple of months and being more confident about herself and her abilities ... has been pretty awesome to see.” Aside from her continued advocacy for legislation that benefit students, Jimenez is also largely responsible for communication between student government and the administration. She has monthly meetings with City College Interim President Michael Poindexter and Vice President of Student Services Debra Luff. “Basically we talk about what’s on our plates, what’s on our agendas as far as the Student Associated Council goes,” says Jimenez. “If we have any initiatives coming up, we want to share it with the VP of Student Services and the president of the college to make sure they know what we’re doing.” In describing herself on a personal level, Jimenez stresses that she really enjoys the political process. “I like politics. That’s really broad, but I like having to think about issues

City College Student Senate President Melody Jimenez addresses students and faculty at the weekly Student Senate meeting held in Rodda Hall North. ¦ Photo by Ulysses Ruiz · ulyssesruizexpress@gmail.com

that are affecting us, and I like forming ways that I can help progress a certain issue or how I can address it,” says Jimenez. “My voice can be just as powerful as someone who’s more outspoken than me.” After a slightly hesitant start, Jimenez is immersing herself more and more into the presidential position. “At ﬁrst was a little nervous. was worried about not sounding conﬁdent enough, I was worried about how people would see me in the new position,” says · · ·

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Jimenez. “It was a very big challenge for me to get over. But now each day I’m getting more and more conﬁdent in the things that I’m advocating for and the things that I’m doing for students.” Jimenez is passionate about giving the students of City College a voice to address their needs, and as Student Senate president, she has the opportunity to do just that. “This was a challenge that I was willing to take,” says Jimenez. “And I also just care about students. just care.” ♦ November 3, 2016 · Express

NEWS

7th District U.S. congressional seat contest

Candidates Bera, Jones agree on student debt tax relief, attack each other at KVIE debate Ma Eliza Caliolio

News Editor · mecali.express@gmail.com

Incumbent Congressman Ami Bera and Sacramento County Sheriff Scott Jones came face-to-face during a live broadcast of their Oct. 18 debate at the KVIE-TV studio. The candidates each made their case to voters, explaining why they should win the contest for the 7th District seat. Bera and Jones pounced at opportunities to attack each other’s character and to address key issues, but both candidates were put on the defensive when panelists asked about misconduct and recent scandals. Republican candidate Jones denied allegations of the 26-year old female deputy who filed a lawsuit against him for unwanted sexual advances. Jones called the allegations “absolutely untrue, unequivocally false.” “She is lying,” Jones said. Bera rebutted the deposition was “pretty disturbing,” enough that it resulted in taxpayers “on the hook for $10 million.” “This 26-year-old testified under oath and said you sexually harassed her over 30 times. A jury didn’t believe you,” Bera said. “I don’t believe you.” Bera, who holds the U.S. representative 7th District seat, was next to go on defense when questioned about his father, who was sentenced to a year in prison for election fraud in connection with Bera’s 2012 campaign. “He’s not a criminal but he broke the law,” answered Bera, a Democrat. Bera denied any knowledge about what his father was doing and emphasized that he himself was cleared by FBI of any involvement during the investigation. Jones responded by saying he does not believe the congressman was ignorant of his father’s actions, implying Bera knew about the illegal activities when they happened. “To believe that he didn’t know about it you would have to believe one of two things: That the 90 friends and family who all knew what was going on engaged in a conspiracy for four years, or alternatively, that [he] didn’t have any substantive conversations with any of those 90 friends and family,” Jones said. As both candidates were forced to answer uncomfortable questions, the candidates focused on character and patterns of behavior as measures for being elected in office. When it was time for candidates to ask each other a question, Jones asked Bera if he would be proud if he won or lost the election. Bera replied his character and track record are important factors in

Express · November 3, 2016

Democratic U.S. Rep. Ami Bera, left, and Republican Sacramento County Sheriﬀ Scott Jones in a debate for the highly competitive 7th Congressional District seat at the KVIE television studios in Sacramento on Oct. 18. ¦ Pool photos by Jose Luis Villegas/Sacramento Bee

holding one of the highest elected ofﬁces. Jones highlighted his career record as Sacramento County sheriff, but Bera queried Jones on his early support for Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump. Bera said Jones only recently renounced his support when Trump’s poll numbers tanked. “When he was making fun of disabled people, that wasn’t enough? When he was making comment after comment disparaging women, that wasn’t enough?” Bera asked. Jones replied he had parted ways with Trump. “It didn’t take me one and a half years to ﬁgure out Trump’s character. This guy doesn’t have the character to be president,” Bera said. Here are the candidates’ stances on some of the issues brought up during the debate: Medical marijuana Bera Bera was vague on his stance on Proposition 64, the California ballot measure to legalize marijuana, saying he has some public health concerns regarding addiction, but said he would honor · · ·

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voters and their choice. “What I do worry about is the criminalization of folks who have ﬁlled our jails because of possession of marijuana,” Bera said. Jones The Republican candidate does not support California state Proposition 64. He stated potency of marijuana today is higher than it was decades ago. “I think that would be a horrible thing, not just for this generation but for many future generations. If it were to pass, I would enforce the law,” Jones said. Immigration Bera Bera pointed out a comprehensive immigration bill as the best way to address the issue. “It also then addresses a way to get the best and brightest to come here, get their education, build their companies here,” Bera said. Jones The sheriff said he favors a pathway to legal status with a background check. “The folks that are here, the undocumented population that’s here, I would advocate as I’ve always advocated, for a SCCEXPRESSNEWS

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pathway to legal status for each and every one of them if they can pass a background check,” Jones said. Student debt Bera Tax deductible payments were something Bera agreed with his opponent on. In addition, he proposed new ways of teaching, such as online systems through established institutions and free community college. Jones Jones said cutting overhead cost is a route to end student debt, citing excessive spending in administrative costs. He used University of California President Janet Napolitano as an example. He stated loan payments should be tax deductible as a way to ease the burden. Jones responded, saying free college doesn’t create a vacuum. “Money has to come from somewhere,” Jones said. The debate took place at the KVIETV studio before a studio audience. It also aired live on Capital Public Radio. The Sacramento Bee, Folsom Lake College and the Los Rios Community College District also sponsored the event. ♦ · · ·

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FEATURES

On-campus political expert

Paul Frank teaches political science, encourages voter participation Colin Houck

Staﬀ Writer · colinhouckexpress@email.com Additional reporting by Jocelynn Rubio

With the presidential election in full swing, it is hard not to take notice. From ads on television and radio to Facebook and Twitter posts from friends and family, our nation is being pulled in two distinct directions. With that comes the inevitable question, “What can I do?” Voting is arguably the most important right that American adults have, but with that right comes a great deal of responsibility. Who should you vote for? What is Proposition 55? Where do you vote? These are all questions that you should know your answers to before stepping into a voting booth. Fortunately for City College students, the political science department has the man for all your political needs: Paul Frank. Frank is a political science professor at City College. He enjoys that his career encourages his students to get involved in politics. He recommends that they start on campus and work their way up. “Anything and everything you see has the potential to be political. Even if things seem li e a stretch at ﬁrst, you can even simply pick up your trash and help other people around you.” said Frank. Frank has both worked for and been a member of both the Democratic and Republican parties. He is currently an independent and tries to get his students involved in politics any way they can.

If you have the right to vote, there s an ethical responsibility to take the advantage of your right to vote, and if you aren t helping, someone else will do it for you.

Paul Frank

Political Science Professor

“I encourage my students not only to get involved with politics but to also get involved into politics,” said Frank. “I encourage my students to vote, participate in student government on campus and to become involved in discussions. We live in the capital of the state of California. Internships are readily available for students.”

City College Political Science Professor Paul Frank encourages his students to get involved with politics and to vote. Frank has been a full-time professor since 2001. ¦ Photo by Vanessa S. Nelson · vanessanelsonexpress@gmail.com

He began his career years ago while attending graduate school in Boston. After graduating with a degree in political science, Frank moved to Sacramento where he taught part-time at American River College, Sierra College and City College. Frank has been a full-time professor at City College since 2001. Frank is also the City College honors program coordinator. He wants to reach out and encourage students who are minorities, women and LGBTQ community to have a voice in politics. He wants them to know their opinions matter. Frank said that there are a lot of places and people students can speak to regarding voting. Families, friends, interests groups and government websites can help student with making a decision on who and what they can vote on. Websites like the Secretary of State of California has a voter guide information for each elected candidate and their initiatives. Frank said voting gives people a voice to tell the government what they want. He said that many people in the world do not have the right to vote. “If you have the right to vote, there’s an ethical responsibility to take the advantage of your right to vote and if you aren’t

helping ,” Frank said, “someone else will do it for you.” Frank said there are other ways to participate. People can protest, run for ofﬁce, contribute money and volunteer on campaigns which he said he encourages his students to do. “It’s fun. You get that little sticker that says ‘I voted’,” Frank said. “It’s tough though, especially when you’re young because a lot of the candidates don’t talk about the issues a lot of young people care.” Frank said there are 25 million eligible voters in California. He said those voters are U.S. citizens, 18.2 million are registered to vote and about 60 percent are expected to vote. He said 20 percent of those voters are between 18 to 34. “Fifty-three percent of millennials are registered to vote and 24 percent of those are more likely to vote,” Frank said. One of Frank’s goals for this year was to establish a polling place on the City College campus to make it easier for students to vote. In the 100-year history of City College, there has never been a polling place installed. The process to get a polling place on campus is extensive. There are several rules and guidelines that must be followed · · ·

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to even qualify hosting a voting booth. “You need to be self-insured,” said Frank. “You also need at least six parking spots, two of them handicapped spaces and one of them must be van-accessible. It must be open from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.” Unfortunately, the process for City College began too late this year and did not qualify to host a polling place. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t polling places nearby for voters to use. Frank now understands the requirements and expectations to house a polling place. Next time, he will make sure to begin the process in the appropriate amount of time, and contact the right people in order to make sure there’s a polling place on campus. “There are other polling places and booths in the surrounding neighborhoods around City College,” said Frank. “The city is also encouraging voters to use more absentee ballots so they can reduce the amount of polling places rather than adding more of them.” Even if it’s not an election year, Frank enjoys his position as a professor at City College. “I love my job,” said Frank. “There isn’t much that I would want to change right now.” ♦ November 3, 2016 · Express

FASHION

First Lady fashion Presidents wives strut their style Ulysses Ruiz

Fashion Editor · ulyssesruizexpress@gmail.com

First Ladies of the United States have influenced the course this country has ta en through history in countless ways. rom leanor oosevelt’s contributions to feminism to ichelle bama’s campaign for public health, the “office” of irst ady has become a powerful political position. n addition to the influence these women have had on shaping the country throughout the years, irst adies have often been at the forefront of fashion. ac ie ennedy’s fashion expenses in 6 reportedly cost more than , , and she is forever nown for her pin hanel suit. irst adies’ outfits have a habit of being culturally significant, and we feature a selection of them here. ♦

First Lady Michelle Obama, accompanied by children from low-income communities in the region, tours the National Crafts Museum, New Delhi, India, in 2010. ¦ Photo by Chuck Kennedy/Wikimedia Commons

First Lady Nancy Reagan s oﬃcial White House portrait in 1987. ¦ Portrait painted by Aaron Shikler

Express · November 3, 2016

Eleanor Roosevelt in the Galapagos Islands in 1944. ¦ Photo courtesy of

First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy descends the White House Grand Staircase on her way to a dinner in 1962. ¦ Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons

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