SYNC II

Page 1


Message from the HoD

Messa� from the Publication Secy AshishKumar

Prof Debabrata Chakraborty It is indeed a pleasure to see the successful compilation of the second

·Scientists investigate

issue of the e-magatine, SYNc. I take this opportunity to congratulate all

create that which has never been."

the members of MESA. especially the publication conunittee of the CUJTent issue and the previous issue for this success.

The above c onunent about the prowess of engineers by one of the greatest scientist Albert Einstein seems to be

Laun:hing of this e-magazine SYNC in the Mechanical Engineering Depart­

apt today more than ever before. Tn today's world

ment at IITG site is indeed a great effort at right time. To compete in the

where on one side technology is making objects mini to

current global economic situation" need of the hour is exchange of ideas,

micro and now nano , the other side machines and

thoughts, knowledge and resources. In this backdrop, I have no doubt that

structures are getting bigger and larger leaving us in

SYNC can play a significant role in the fann of compiling experiences and

awe. Titles like 'smallest', 'fastest', and 'most efficient'

knowledge from different sources including those from our own alumni to

are getting transferred faster than ever before.

help our students compete. Personally, I feel more and more alumni should

In this edition of SYNC we focus upon many such inno­

be invited to share their expertise, experiences, knowledge and infonnation

vative ideas whkh will soon become a part of our life to

regarding oppottunities in academics and industries tlu'ough this magazine.

change the way it had been before. To keep the maga­

The Departrnentot MechauicalEngineering atIIT Guwahati is one of the best in the COWltry and I wish that we continuously improve. This would be possi­ ble tluough cooperative eiforts of shldents and teachers of the Department. Our faculty members have been putting their best efforts to impart quality

zine an easy reading we have few poems to mesmerize you and articles which will make you think about our role in today's society. I hope this second edition of SYNC proves to be like a breeze ofeold air which makes you feel lively.

education and to maintain the standards but we have a long way to go. Shldents have also a major role to play in the ionn of sincerely participating in the academic activities and then providing feedback for quality class room and

teaching and other related activities. The faculty and the definitely drive the Deparbnent in the right path so as

shldents

excellence. Wishing y6u all a very happy and wonderful new year 2010.

...." .

Lastly, I sincerely thank our HoD, Professor Debabrata Chakraborty, our faculty advisor Dr. Niranjan Sahoo, and the President of l\IIESA for their valuable guidance and to all the members of the pubLication team whose sincere efforts have made this memorable eilii tion... possible.


Letter from the Editor

Faculty Advisor Dr. Niranjan Sahoo

President Rohit Koolwal

Executive Members Bhushan Maskay, Nitin Kishore Pankaj Kumar Sahu, Prateek Kumar Vorungati Achyuth Reddy

Dear Readers,

It is sheer pleasure on my part to present to you the second edition of SYNC, the e-magazine of MESA. Since its launch in the previous year, SYNC's editorial emphasis has been one of empowerment, education and entertainment, and this issue is no different. We strive to bring you articles that will brighten your day, broaden your mind, and keep you up to date.

Designed by : Abhinandan Tripathi, Rishi Garg

The SYNC is an initiative to increase interactivity with our readers, especially students. It is our endeavour to seek inputs from

Chief Editor Yash Dalmia

students & faculties and bring their diverse perspectives to SYNC's Edition, in their own words. They contribute articles addressing issues and ideas that concern them the most which find mention on the

Publication Secretary

e-pages of SYNC.

Ashish Kumar It is an assortment of articles by students and budding journalists,

Writing Team: Sheshank Verma,Tejas Mehrotra Akshay Pasricha, Adeel Ahmad Aakash Golia, Piyush Bagdi Adnan Akhtar, Anupam Singhal Vasu Goel, Jay Prakash Dulhani Syed Tahseen Faraz, Nitin Khola

on educational issues and opportunities with an insight of what truly concerns students. Hope you enjoy reading SYNC as much as we enjoyed creating it for you. Happy Reading!

- Yash Dalmia


5

X-43A: Fast Lane Turbulence

An aircraft at Mach 10 which can't be landed. The only way to land it, is to crash it!

1(

7

9

Changing role ofllT ians

From Technocrats and Entrepreneurs to POLITICIANS.

A story of a mechanical engineer'sjourney from lIT to 'The Global Indian ofthe Year:

11 Care-O-Bot

Pre-Intern Experience

Ajourney which is more thrilling than the destination itself.

A one armed robot glides slowly to the kitchen table, carefully picks up a bottle of applejuice with its threefingers and pours it in a glass for you.

1 4 Sometimes I dream

13 Logistics Horn OK Please.

Ajourney through time.

15 Interview: Prof s.c. Mishra

18 Inflatable Re-entry Vehicle Expt.

One of the most experienced professor of lIT Guwahati shares his memoirs of recentJapan Trip.

Developing a heat shield to safely slow down a spacecraft moving at hypersonic speed at the time ofentry into the atmosphere ofa planet.

2

1 9 Dam on Brahmaputra A potential issue ofpolitical conflict between India and China-An inside story.

Raj at Gupta

HondaFCX

An eco-Jriendly car.

22

Mech- Masti

Thefun-corner.


What IsX-43Al NASA's X-43A is a hypersonic, scramjet-powered resea rch aircraft designed to

The craft was created to develop and test an exotic type of engine called a

fiy at speeds up to Mach 10. lt is part of NASA's Hyper-X program. Although

supersonic-combustion ramjet, or

NASA's X-43A and other hypersonic airplanes use air-breathing engines and

external combustion takes place within air that is flowing at supersonic

fly much like Boeing 7475: there's a big difference between ripping air at

speeds. The X-43A's developers designed the aircraft's airframe to positively

Mach 10 (around 7,000 mph) a nd cruising through it at 350 mph. The critical

affect propulsion, just as it affects aerodynamics: in this design, the fore body

point comes where air changes from flowing smoothly across a surface -

is a part of the intake airflow, while the aft section functions as a nozzle.

"5cramjet" an engine variation where

laminar flow -to when it becomes chaotic -turbulent flow.

Design The X-43A aircraft is a small-unpiloted test vehicle measuring just over 12 feet

A scramjet is a type of jet engine designed to operate at the speeds of rockets.

(3.7 m) in length. The vehicle was a lifting body design, where the body of the

Its main difference from a rocket is that it collects air from the atmosphere to

aircraft provides a significant amount of lift for flight, rather than relying on

burn its fuel rather than carrying an oxidizing substance on board. More

wings. The aircraft weighed roughly 3,000 pounds or about 1,300 kilograms.

conventional jets (turbojets, turbofans, and ramjets) share this characteristic

The X-43A was designed to be fully controllable in high-speed fiight, even

but are unsuitable for the high speeds at which scramjets can operate.

when gliding without propulsion. However, the aircraft was not designed to land and be recovered.

Aero-thermodynamic heating largely determines the engine size, weight, choice of materials and overall size in hypersonic airplanes. So engineers would like to have a much better understanding of what triggers turbulence and how they can control it at hypersonic speeds. Air goes from laminar to turbulent at what engineers call the "boundary layer". They understand how this happens at slower speeds, but they're still grappling with which factors influence it at hypersonic speeds.

5


Turbine-based engines, while efficient for fiight at subsonic and supersonic

Further D..elopment

speeds, quickly lose their efficiency at higher Mach numbers. As air enters the compressor its p-essure and temperature increases, with high Mach numbers resulting in high temperature. High temperature can cause melting or struc­

Other X-43 vehicles were designed, wt as of November 2004 appear to have

tural failure of the engine and reduces the energy released fiom comwstion as

been suspended. They were expected to have the same basic body design as

the temperature of the fuel-air mixture increases. The drag increases with Mach

the X-43!\ though the aircraft were expected to be moderately to significantly

number squared as the availa�e energy decreases. The maximum operating

larger in size.

speed of a turbine-based engine can be increased by cooling the air in the inlet and by combning the turbine with other thrust-producing technologies like

The X-43D would have been almost identical to the X-43!\ wt expanding the

afterburners or ramjets.

Dewe

speed envelope to approximately Mach 15. As of September 2007,

pment

only a feasiblity study has been conducted by Donald B. John­

The initial version, the X-43!\ was designed

to

operate

at

son of The Boeing Corrpany

speeds

and Jeffrey S. Robnson of NASA

greater than Mach 7, about 5,400

Langley

mp'1 (3,050 klTLlh) at altitudes of

Hampton, VA. According to the

100,000 feet (30,000 m) or more. The

introduction of the study, "The

Research Center,

in

X-43A is a single-use vehicle and is

purpose

designed to crash into the ocean

gather high Mach number fiight

without recovery. Three of them have

environment and engine oper­

been wilt: the first was destroyed;

ability

the

other

two

have

successfully

approximately

10

X-43D

information

is to

which

IS

difficult,. if not impossible, to

fiown, with the scramjet operating for

of the

gather on the ground.

seconds,

followed by a 1° minute glide and intentional crash.

Why it can't land back after fiight,. any shortcoming? A natural Qwhich comes after reading this article. Any special purpose to develop such aircraft or it's

The most recent success in the X-plane series of aircraft,. the X-43 is part of

just another high-speed aircraft with advantage of taking air for comwstion

NASA's Hyper-X p-ogram, involving the American space agency and contrac­

from the surrounding air itself.

tors such as Boeing, Micro Craft Inc, O'btal Sciences Corporation and General Applied Science Laboratory (GASL). Micro Oaft Inc., now known as ATK GASL,

References:

wilt the X-43A and its engine.

Wikipedia - wikipedia.org

NASA-nasa.gov

6


JUST TECHNOCRATS OR

??

THEY COULD BE !rEADERS OF INDIA

The Indian society is made up of a complex web of relations deeply rooted in

Can

a

technically

caste, religion and ethnic belonging. Violence and turmoil is common and the

person take over the responsi­

entrance of the nationalistic parties, which in many ways have dominated the

bility of caring for the people?

political scene since the late 1950's has greatly increased polarization. Today the

Or in other w

civil society does function as negotiator of decisions and practices of the political

join politi

elite of the state..... And the biggest question which every Indian asks at the end

for the

- Vasu Goel

qualified

5-Soobl

tQ.lITians

&king

instead of w

of the day is" Am I being governed really by a group of elite people which do get bothered by the piteous condition of the state?" And comes the reply in a jiff. y... .._ .. ....-. . � 'No!' ... Then what is it that needs to be changed. The ideology of the pe the people who so said run this country in a very organized and pro ressive manner? Thinking that by sitting at home and just cursing the way ho government runs this country would change the system is, then just a waste of

U

the precious time which can be utilized in actions whic ••�. •

t

....

in the changes we want . t

\�.,;;.-'.1.'"

al y !3 n help to bring

And another thing which bothers us is the qualification of the minister, going to take the oath of being a responsible citizen,

governor

and

the

revolutionary. Well the thing is that very few people in our elected parties are in true sense

'educated'.

The

rest

wast

Some Ie think that it would be a of resources in a manner we

first

train

become highly

them

to

skilled techni­

cians and then they join politics. And some even think that they

�___________________________ 1hinking that by sitting at home andjust cursing the way how our government rum this country would change the �ystem is, thenjust a waste of the precious time which can be utilized in actions which really can help to bring in the changes we want.

w 0 u I d also just flow away with the power of authority and money like what happens in the present scenario. What most of the people don' t understand is that the technical knowledge is very well utilized in the working of government unnoticed by many. Our ex-P resident Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam is an epitome of such a misunderstanding. He was the ex-officio Scientific Advisor to the prime minister before holding the post of the president. Certain people

have a fake degree from just

think that it is a good step as now

another college meant to give

there would be a government com-

degrees so that we can show that India's literacy rate is gradually ascending. But in true sense it's just the waste of money, time and human resources.

prising people from all ideologies and age groups.

J ,

I 'J; I ,

, ,

� r

·-1

o'

.'j

r " �j

7 , • � r \'

� j

. i;) r

I: ...;•. !

-

'

. tJ-#'i .:

i:-...,. ...


A few alumni of liT family have set up examples in this process of changing, thus

candidates from 40 parliamentary constituencies across the country in the

bringing out a voice to lead India to a better future. Five IITians have formed a

just gone by Lok Sabha elections.

new political party in India, PARITRANA. With sole aim of betterment of Indian society without hampering the existing traditions and culture, this is a kick off

"Bharat Punarnirman Dal (BDP) contested from at least 20 seats in Uttar

start inspired by people as shown in the movie Rang De Basanti.ln India, where

Pradesh and 40 seats across the country on the issue of good governance,

politics is a mosaic of casteism, money and muscle power, this group of former

restoration of ethics in politics and opposition to caste based reservation,"

IITians

and

party national president Ajit Ashwalayan Shukla has told the reporters.

students

are

MBA trying

It is good for IITians to do anything except for leaving the country and

with

depriving it of its intelligence. I feel like any intelligent, knowledgeable

their

person it can make a lot of difference in any field it goes. No matter

well

whether its politics, management or technology, the thing is to work for the

slated and comprises

betterment of the country and its people and not be self centered and

of handling the major

selfish.When the poorest of poor contribute to the funding of liT only then

issues

in

the engineers get one of the finest educations at cheapest fees. They

India. They are striv足

should not forget that it is their moral responsibility to repay a portion of

ing as they know the

the debt owned by them to those people. Everything else is than a matter

ground

of choice.

their

luck

politics.

And

propaganda

which

of

is

worry

realities they

have

faced in recent times and want to put a stop to them. "Giving up

handsome

pay

packages, comfort of family and support of friends

wasn't

that

"A TECHNOCRAT CAN MANAGE A GROUP OF 30000 PEOPLE WHEN IN A COMPANY OR AN INSTI足

TUTUION THEN WHY NOT SEVERAL TECHNOCRATS

easy," says Tanmay Rajpurohit, the national president of the party and B Tech in

FROM lIT's STAND UPTO CREATE A NEW ENTITY

aerospace from liT Bombay followed by an MS from GeorgiaTech and double

AND MARK THE GLOBE WITH A NEW ADVANCED

masters in arts. It is the necessity of the society that urges the IITians to jump in

AND MOBILIZED INDIA!!!"

the pool of politics and clean it. Another example to such a step is the emergence of "Bharat Punarnirman Dal (BDP)", a party floated by former IITians and other professionals fielding its

8


RC)JC)t 6uptc) A

me charical engineering graduate from liT-Delhi,

Raja! Gu�a

IS a former CEO of McKinsey & Co. now

serving as the United Nations Secretary-General's

Special Advisor on UN Reform am also as the Founding Partner and the Chairman of New Silk RoLie Partners

An irteresting q..Jestion that c,omes into a persons min::J is What a Mechanical engineer was doing in a manage­

mert consulting firm? What's the use of a mecharical

• •

Prakash Dulhani

was not joiring them, they couldn't believe this as till then nobody had turned down their offer

So, ITC gave him

they agreed �on his justification

mothe r was a teacher at MJnte SSOri sch 001. UnfortLilat ely Sir.::e then he survived mostly on the

scholarships that he received, am later created history by becoming the first ever Imia-born CEO of a US transna­ tional firml Rajat was a bril�art st�rt at MJde

He secLTed an All India Rarl< of 1

decided to R'Jsue STech. (Mech

IIT-D gave him not oriy a B.Tech

rn

School, New Delhi

51 In

the IIT-JEE am

Engg) from liT Delhi

degree bLi, also his

future wife Anit a Matto, his 2 year jLIlio r in lIT-D. 8 elol1Sing

to electrical engineering Arita met Rajat during college

debates and plays. He was also elected General Secretary

at IIT-D, lVhich later gave Harvard Business School enough

hirts that he comects well with the peoplel

After finishing BTech from IIT-D in 1971, Rajat had 3

o�ions Job at lTC, MBA from 11M-A, or MBA from Harvard

business school. He decided to go for the last choice lVhere he got a finar.::ial aid, for which he had recommen­

dation letters from the Prime Mirister of India and the

renowned industrialist Tata Birla. When he told ITC that he

1994,

of

he

the

the

was

mert on that After the first term, lVhen he got

Director

sLIprised Aoout his

Harvard experier.::e Rajat adds

care to hire the best people and LTged them to always pJt

first month. They give you so mLXh to do that you

Gupta aggressively expanded Mckinsey abroad. He lifted

1997 and

2000

McKinsey's

he

became

Managing

1994,

Gu�a's

challenge was to maintain McKinsey's growth rate. He took

the cliert's interests ahead of the irterests of the firm

is impossible. BLi or.::e I got over that iritial

Mckinsey & Co. revenue from $12 tillion (as that was in

edLXation, better than you get anywhere in this world"

from 50 to 90 global locations, Meal1Nhile, the number of

1993) to $3.4 tillion and as a result M::kinsey expamed

it was relatively easy Because the IITs give you a

partners increased from 427 to 891 and as is known to

his father died lVhen he was just 16 and his mother died in

his 18th spring

Director

mt

When

sort of a classic. You always feel you're goil1S to

Patrika Gro� and a prominert freedom-fighter while his

In

elected

sincere and irtelligent Rajat, academics was easy He

family to that of elite CEO of McKinsey & Co

(CalcLtta) His father was a journalist for the Anama Bazar

firm

he

Harvard was a cultLTal shock for an Imian boy from

modest �bril1Sing He had never seen TV beforel Eli

in other spheres. He is the example of how talent and hard

was bom on 2nd Dec, 1948 in M:miktala

was

re-elected again as MD in

grades (he got all excellentl), most of his classmates

Raja! Gupta

commitmert,

oriy

Managing

It was only after he told them that he was goil1S

to be very reticert in the class am everyone used to com­

work can elevate the status of a boy belonging to a poor

As a res Lit of his

tireless

airfare to Calcutta to ex�ain them the withdrawal reason

engineer there? Well, Raja! G�ta is a living example of

mechanical engineers who have made sLKcessful ventures

1989

everyone,

"PestiV1.!::! is V1.ot a w.atter- of chaV1.ce, " it is a w.atter- of choice

,,�,jl

After com�eting his studies at Harvard, Rajat j( McKinsey & Co. New York office in 1973. His entry

consider you· But then one of his Profs Sir Walter "'Imoe who was a classmate of Ron Daniel, 1Vh0 then I

decision saying, "Please consider hiril1S Rajat because he i a gem in itself' Then, he was invited to a full day i

in Mckinsey was spectacular. He was made the head

2500

there to

The

7500

no

of

thereby

current status of the firm is a testimony to the fact, Gupta

is the 'Global Indian of the year' (2007)

Imian School of Business, Hyderabad & also Chairman of

and work somewhere else forthree to four years

job am the rest, as they say is history His rise to

stop

from liT-D. He is currently Chairman of the Board of the

J

at Mckinsey's New York office and eventually was offered

from

awardee and also a distinguished alLlllni award recipient

him saying·You're obviously very smart, bLi you need

McKinsey's New York office, wrote to him to reconsider

grolVlh didn't

ir.::reased

increasing the reverue threefold dLTing his stint there The

Mr.

McKinsey itself is a very interestil1S story to be told two back to back irterviews at campus, McKinsey

the

professionals

I

the Board of Associates of the Harvard Business School. He is an independent director of Goldman Sachs Group Inc and is

on the

advisory

board

of Kellogg

managemert He is cLTrently a trustee on the board of the Rockefeller FOLildation

He has many other unspoken

professional and business affiliations I

Scaminavian offices in 1981, joined the Chicago office i

school of

too

He

was

a

key-mte speaker at the recently conclwed PAN�IT AILIllni

Global Conference in Chicago in October,20m


at liT, may sometimes seem grueling indeed.

up my home and told my mom "Finally the labori-

sems approached and

when you realize the importance and impact

ous guy has made his CV': This gave me a lot of

adrenaline. Finally a day before the end sems,

of interns on your life at liT followed by career.

confidence because it was the only way to keep

came a mail with a flash, a streak that made me

Interns are something that fascinate as well as

myself content. All others in the college had man-

happy from head to toe. "Dear Candidate we are

uptight every one and form one of the most impor足

aged to secure an intern by then and were miles

happy to select you for an industrial training at

tant aspects of one's career.

ahead of me. I realized the significance of an

BHEL, Hyderabad': By then another candidate

intern too late and the fear of lagging behind I would like to share a bit of my experience of

began haunting me as days passed.

getting an intern after my sophomore year. As Bryan Adams sang "Summer of'69" here I go with

There goes a saying "A stitch in time saves nine"

"Summer of 2009': Like most of us, I too was excited

and I could feel the immortality of that stitch in

about my summer intern and to explore how the

time. None other option left, I commenced with

actual world looks like. It's usually during October足

my "Apping Season" which I knew would be

February the apt time for applying for interns and I

worse than autumn. I kept applying and realized

was far more relaxed than others, least bothered to

that half of the world is least bothered even to

work out contacts and apply for intern. It was in

reply. Scores of them replying with a big "No';

February end after all the Alcheringa thing getting

slots filled, deadline over and what not. Mid April

over and almost every one of the batch had

came and still no positive reply. I was staggering

secured an intern that I realized I should make a CV

every way I could search for. Finally I managed a

for myself and apply for intern. Again the initiative

contact that led me to BHEL. I applied the very

was not mine but a senior from the then 4th year

day in the morning. By the day had dusked I had

who pounced upon me to do the same. I was fine

refreshed my inbox at least 200 times but all in

with this except that I would not make my CV and

vain. Waited eagerly for a reply and a couple of

that munificent final yearite did the favor of

weeks passed but no answer and my mails

making me a CV. Finally my CV was ready and I was

seemed like a missed call on an unknown number

really glad to see it. The next thing I did was calling

least bothered to reply "wrong number': End

the usual

fervor of

had entered the scene with a proposal for an intern at ONGC but said the chances were bleak. Now was my turn, I called him up and told him regarding the'Yes' at BHEL and asked if he was interested to join me. He, as expected readily answered "YES'; all in capitals!

There goes a saying' A stitch in time saves nine' and I could feel the immortality of that stitch in time. If

If


- Akshay Pasricha A one armed robot glides slowly to the kitchen

ping and localization is done mainly using dead reck­

table, carefully picks up a bottle of apple juice with

oning and mathematical integration of the travelled

its three fingers and pours it in a glass for you.

route but to reduce the errors that creep in addi­

Gone are those days when such things were only

tional use is made of environment sensors such as

possible in movies and cartoons, now it is actually

laser scanners, camera etc. A target-point based path

possible.

planning technique is used which is then optimized

Fraunhoffer IPA have been working to develop a

over distance or time. To accommodate the changing

mobile robot assistant able to assist human beings

environment, "elastic bands" method is used for path

in their daily life for over ten years now. The third

planning where each path is modeled as an elastic

generation of this successful development is (are­

rubber band. Whenever an obstacle is encountered

o-bot 3. Only 1.45 metres high it is a prototype of

in the path, the band is wound around the detected

a new generation of service robots designed to

obstacle and smoothed. Motion control controls the

help humans in the household.

smooth and efficient movement of the robot along Courtesy: www.gearlog.com

the planned path.

environment i.e. the number of OBBs so an algo­

MAJOR FEATURES Safe Manipulation

rithm

was

developed

which

based

on

rough

distance calculations screened out the OBBs that have a potential risk of collision and then further

Omni-directional Navigation

To perform the day to day activities the robot is equipped with a flexible arm having seven degrees of

With the growth in automation the available

freedom. The arm has a three finger hand which is

working spaces are reducing considerably so the

used for gripping a wide variety of day to day objects.

robot should be capable of going through narrow

The robots should be capable of executing manipula­

passages. Thus, the feature of omni-directional

tion operations without collisions so the entire robot

navigation was introduced in the robot. The robot

setup is modelled using "oriented bounding boxes"

consists of four steered and driven wheels which

(OBBs). The dynamic components are mapped by

enables it to move in any desired direction so that

scaled articulated models which are updated with

it can easily negotiate narrow passages. Any

each robot movement according to the new angles of

motion of the robot would then involve three

the joints, each joint being mapped as an individual

basic steps: mapping and localization, path plan­

OBB. The complexity of the collision monitoring algo­

ning and optimization of motion control. The map-

rithm was dependent on the complexity of the

intense computations are carried out only with those OBBs. The collision detection process is then coupled with the path planning process to generate a collision free path.

3D Environment detection

For autonomous handling operations in variable environment the robot should be capable of detect­ ing objects in 3D and calculating their exact position and orientation. So, the robot is equipped with a wide range of sensors like from the stereo vision

11


camera which enable the robot to detect and

feature point cloud of the object. Two different learn­

possible, in conjunction with additional communi­

locate objects and potential obstacles for manipu­

ing modes are available for the teaching of new

cation channels, to recognize and execute ambigu­

lation which help the robot to generate a 3D envi­

objects: either the object is placed into the robot's

ous instructions, such as 'Go there' - where 'there'

ronment map. .

gripper and the robot rotates the object while scan­

is indicated by means of a suitable pointing gesture.

By combining a depth-image

camera with a colour camera it is possible to

Direct interaction between a human and a robot

ning it, or a human shows the object to the robot.

upgrade conventional 2D recognition processes

allows the robot to be taught new tasks easily. For

from traditional grey- and colour-image processing

this purpose, the forces applied to the robotic arm

into 3D recognition processes. To achieve this, a

Human Machine Interaction

are converted by means of a model into appropriate movements of the robotic arm.

special calibration between the sensors is used in order to compute an approximate colour image, the pixel coordinate system of which is brought

The tray attached to the front of the robot serves as

into alignment

the

with

face

that

the

of

depth-

image camera. Objects

are

primary

inter­

between

the

Control Architecture/Middleware

robot and humans. The

robot

is

able

to

and

respond

also

recognize

Due to the high level of computations involved in

to

the robot a series of interlinked computers is used

"6D

simple gestures. It is

for the control of sensors and actuation of manipu­

point

capable of physical

lators. The co-ordination between these processors

clouds". These

interaction between

is taken care of by a specially dedicated processor

denote a set of

represented by so-called feature

the human and the

called the middleware which communicates with

3D points that

robot

in

the individual processes and reacts appropriately in

can

be

learn

new

assigned

to

ment

certain

recog­

order

sequences.

Recognition

n i z a b l e

rithms

patterns in the

extracting

colour

and

depth images. In order to detect a certain object in

to

move­ algo­

the case of a malfunction. Using flexible materials and composites, a soft and pliant form has been created for the cover of the

of

robot. The cover adjusts to accommodate the

informa-

movements of the sensors and avoids any pinch and

tion on a human's

shear points. All in all, Care-a-bot 3 is safer, smaller

capable

current position and movements from sensor data

a given scene, first of all the features detected in

provide the basis for gesture recognition. A recogni­

the scene are joined together to form a feature

tion process based on a depth image camera that

point cloud of the scene, in which a search is then

detects humans in 3D and computes relevant joint

conducted for possible correspondences with the

positions is used. On the basis of these data, it is

and more marketable than its predecessor.

Source: http://www.care-o-bot.de/english/index.php

12


logistics, what is it and why should you bother about it!

material is available at the r�ulred place at the decided time. We need to IX' very clear thatlogis­ ticsdo involve inventory management which also

It can b � d�fin�d as the process of strategically

comes under the umbrella of supply chain man­

managing th� procurement. movem�nt and stor­

agement. Hence the tim� at which the material

ag� of materials, parts and finished goods (and th�

has to be delivered depends on the Inventory and

related Information flows) through th� organiza­

production policy used. For@xample.lnjust-In­

tion and Its mark�tlng channels In such a way that current and future profitability ar� maximized through th� cost-�ffectlve fulfillm�nt of orders. Any industry which can be thought of, Involv�s a gr�at deal of work In this department,@xpllcitlyor implic­ itly. W� as m�chanlcal engineers ar� @xp�ct�d to incr�as� th� �fficl�ncy on the production IIn�. Aft�r

time (JIT) philosophy, inventory is kept at the minimum possible level. An �fficlent logistics I s involved to ensure that th� materials reach the

As engineers we have an analytical mind, and

point of usage at the very last minute so that

we need to see things from different p�rspec­

lesser inventory has to be managed, the work­

tives. We need to design efficient systems for

station is not crowded (In cas� of Internal move­

material movements which directly Incr�ase

ments of parts) and the Item does not perish on the shelveslX'fore usage.

all th� op�ratlons on the shop-floor ar� studi�d and improvis�d upon, we come to the application of a

In India, logistics costs amount to almost 12% of

properly d�slgn�d logistics system.

the GOP, if you have any Idea aboutvalu�addlng activities,. you must hav� r�allzed by now that

the profits of the companies. Also for the fact, that most of the work in the Industries (r�ad mechanical engineering jobs) in India Is highly mundane with you having no scope to apply your innovativeness (all the research Is carried out abroad and you are given final designs to

Logistics Is just on� part of a wider f�atur� called

logistics is necessary but It definitely does not

Supply Chain Management. Every product that is

add valu� to the product. Hence, In other words It

manufactured needs some raw matenals which are

incurs an expenditure that needs to be trimmed

the only sector in which you can tryout what all

to be procur�d from different points, brought to a

down. Designing of proper logistics systems

I s i n yourhead.

indude study of various routes, availability of

"

common point. asst:mbled and then delivered to the custom�rs through various distribution chan­ nels. Logistics comes Into picture whenever, any material moves, whether outside the factory or on the shop-floor. I t has to ensure that the required

various means of transportation (Internal and @xtemaltothe factory), th� oil prices at that time. the inventory and th� production policy adopted

by the company

produce with no authority to change It)i this Is

Logistics is just one part of a wider feature

" called Supply Chain Management.

at that tim� and various other

factors. "


I

,

Sometimes I dream ! I cruise through the desert , On my voyage towards the oasis of ambitions and triumphs, aesthetic romances , frightening feats, cherished familial reunions, second chances and everlasting friendships. I sit on the verge of gleaming lake, brimming with my destiny. Rapaciously filling my bottles and jars. I leave the shore and walk to the adjacent shade, take a seat on verdant, lush field of grass surrounded by tall, tall trees. I then survey my collectibles , each labelled; And select one with an appealing title: "Reunion with long lost friend". I open the bottle and a calm passes over my senses. The ethereal contents, encased in bottle, surround my persona. I breathe the intricate vapours, through my mouth and nose I let wisps slip into my ears and my eyes fill with tears. With a sigh, I wake up and Oops! Its already eight...


1. Sir, could u pleose describe your

3. Sir, in this regard I think we should be more focused in in,:titul

experiences in Japan and Italy, like the

like IITs where the undergraduates are not much involved in the

research activities, students' involve­

research activities. So, should they be given more exposure to

ment, the facilities.

practical fields rather than going for only theoretical concepts?

-7 Well I stayed around eight months in Japan & four months in Italy. To start

-7For this,

the person should first realize that he is in the best place t o

study and should make most of the facilities given. For e.g. a student

with, one thing I must tell you that all of

in Caltech or Stanford would never think of a place better than their

us consider USA as the world leader but

own institute. So we have to create such "Best Institutes" here.

USA itself has gathered a lot of help from the immigrants like from India and other countries. And these immigrants just to get into their system work very hard and thus the country benefits.:.:=:: The one thing that allures every individual to go there from various

4. What about the faculty interaction with the students over there? -7There people are trained in small groups and the Professors and

I_ assistants would weekly meet with the students to check their progress, which is missing in all the institutions of India. They are also

other parts is the administration.

very focused in their teaching methods. There, time is not wasted

But as far as Japan is concerned, it is a fully indigenous country. If we

over travel due to well connected roads, trams and buses, while in

see Japan, the country is not very big but out there each individual

India travelling causes a huge loss of time.

works very hard. An incident which I remember and always share with everyone is, once I was going to my home from the office and I

5. Sir, we have been hearing about the government interference

boarded the wrong bus. I couldn't convey it to them due to communi­

and the induction of the sixth Pay Commission here, due to which

cation gap. One girl somehow understood my problems and she com­

there were some cuts in the research grants and the facilities and

municated it to the driver. The bus driver dropped everybody and then

the faculties were on the strike... And people have been saying that

helped me find my house. You see that unlike India the driver took

as compared to the amount of facilities given, the IITs do not give

pains to see that I reach home safely without any problems.

the desired output?

-7As far as the output is concerned one may comment that in com­ 2. What about the institute, group members, research facilities out

parison to a state engineering college like the NITs or lilTs, IITs do get

there?

more but what institutes in developed nations are getting, we are not

-7 Well the students there are very laborious,

the faculties well

getting that much. Research means a long process and a huge invest­

learned and helping and the research facilities are simply

ment for a large group who continuously and consistently work to

incomparable.The budget of each institute and department is quite the institute and its budget ranged similar to any of the IITs in India. So

_ obtain desired results. It's not like that one day I will come to _ � my office or lab and I will do any wonder. It takes some .-....... time and my personal observation says that we lack

things are better taken care of out there. To nurture and retain their

that quality. What should be the individual input for

talented people, they have a developed and maintained infrastructure.

each; it is just the half of our potential.

huge due to the strong economy. I was in the fluids sciences branch of

15


6. What can be the reason for this?

-?, Well the foremost reason is, say USA, it gets the best because many of the IITians and the good students of various colleges in India go there for their masters. What happens is that we select the best of our country and train them for 4 years and then they go there. And then, for masters here

9. Sir, you came to liT Guwahati when it was very new.

�Ie::

Why did you consider joining an institution in its very early stage rather than going for other established IITs?

--7

Yes, that's true. I joined here on 26th December 1996. I could have

we get fresh students so we have to train them again. This is a huge

got better prospects in other institutes but life is not like this. When an

investment and talent as well as time loss for us. We need people who are

institute is developing it requires some dedicated and hard working

experienced in the field for some time so that we can produce very good

teachers and this thought had invoked a new charm in me. It gave me

results in the research field.

a reason to join this institution and make it big. If my work and sincer­ ity motivates others then it gives me a great deal of satisfaction.

7. So, should the undergraduate students stay here and continue with

their studies rather than going abroad so as to produce better results?

--7 I'm sure of this.

If we have an undergraduate doing masters and then a

Ph. D from here only then we'll surely be at a better front. And this is exemplified here. My students who after getting a little bit motivation are

10. Sir, do you think that liT Guwahati has developed in the manner

you had dreamt?

--7

Well there is always a scope of improvement everywhere but we

taking up the masters program and PhD are working hard over it. But the

can't say that we have done nothing i.e. liT Guwahati can do much

problem is monetary; here they will be paid less. While they will be recog­

better but what it has done is very good. There is always a chance to

nized more amongst their peers as they have done their masters from

further better it. It had made a mark. Like the IITs are good but they are

foreign. If here someone does Masters people think that he would not

not the best similarly liT Guwahati is good but still not the best.

have scored good marks or could not get a job. And that makes a lot of difference to many of the students.

11. How do you compare liT Guwahati with other IITs like liT Bombay

or liT Kanpur? 8. Sir why did you join this institute? You could have gone in the indus­

--7

Well initially people did not know about liT Guwahati and we had to

tries.

undergo this inferiority complex yet we continued. We started from

--7 Well this was my childhood dream to go into research, and looking at

the scrap like we did not have the labs and we had to go to the city for

my friend who has made a career from this field I got motivated to join

it. So we started building it in the Transit Complex. From empty space

this stream. In research the kind of enjoyment and satisfaction you get

till here, it takes time but eventually we get what we desire.

you will not get it anywhere else. The feeling of that you are on your own and you can get on with your problems in your own way, make it easier to solve and also you will be in the company of younger students so you will keep on learning new things till the end. And after you get a patent or so you will be recognized which makes you feel happy.

contd.... 16


15. Sir what do you vision yourself as, after ten

12. Sir, do you have any regrets over your career, as in things you

years from now?

wanted but didn't get or something else?

-7 No,

-7

I don't have any regrets since the time I have taken this course.

ally developed. Talking about spirituality I mean human values i.e.

everyone has but you need some failures to make you more focused to

tors, we should have a more audio and visual approach to it. The faculty should devote some time into this so that we can learnfaster by seeing and hearing and can understand things in a better manner.

-7 ln this case,

it depends upon the faculty member too. Not all faculty

members are the same and all have different methods. So we have to adjust and perhaps work a bit harder and we'll learn it easily. I do agree with your case as when we started teaching engineering drawing to the students on projectors there was tremendous increase in their interest to the subject as well as their attendance. 14. Sir, there are some faculties who have to take some courses which

do not pertain to the area of their interest. Is it necessary to do so? Aren't there any alternatives to this?

-7

development should not be at the cost of human values. So we have

1-

ments, manufacturing technology etc. and since we do have the projec­

Well that feeling is natural but once we have taken up the responsibil­

ity in liT we have to go for the improvement of the academics on the whole and not go according to our interests. So if we have taken the course willingly or unwillingly then we must put in our best efforts to make the subject interesting to the students and when we put our best that gets reflected in the results of the students.

y

Well my mission of life is to make this country literally a devel­

centric man so I want this country to be materially as well as spiritu­

happy with the way I have carried along till now. I had some failures like

13. Personally saying, we have some courses like mechanical measure­

oped country, like USA, China, Japan and others, but I am a human

Everything in my life is under control, although I'm not the best but I'm

your objective.

"

to put in our best through wisdom, goodness and humility. 16. Do you think that CPI is a sufficient criterion to judge one's aca­

demic capability? Or is it given undue importance?

-7

Certainly not. But something has to be there. It's not that the

topper of the class will be good in all the fields. But you are here for what? "Academics"; so academics must be the priority but at the same time other activities should also be done because when we work we do not always solve problems with the equations. We have to be a true leader in a sense, that if someone is not capable to do well we can motivate him to do better. Sometimes we may get shocks but it should be absorbed well. These are the traits of a very balanced personality. So a student must take part in the extra­ curricular activities. And sometimes an average person can also outdo the topper in the research field. For the CPI one should be focused but should not neglect the overall personality development. 17. Sir, any message you want to convey to our readers?

-7

Remain honest, sincere in your course. You will always find scope

of improvement. Stay on the platform of truth. The journey is diffi­ cult but if you stay focused you would certainly enjoy that, once you look back down the course you had taken. And then if you travel on the right path there will be many problems arising but you will get through without much difficulty. And you should make your objec-

��� �� �:� m

y

/ �

betterment of the society and to bring t.

�r) ,,�

17


I RVE

Inflatable Re-entry Vehicle Experiment - Adeel Ah med

NASA scientists h ave been worki ng to d e m o n st rate that a n i nfl ata b l e st r u ctu re

The i d ea of i nflata b l e dece l e rato rs has been a ro u n d fo r 40 yea rs, b ut t h e re

ca n be used a s a heat s h i e l d to safely slow d own a spacecraft movi n g at hyper­

were tech n i ca l issues, i n c l u d i n g co ncerns a bo u t whether mate r i a l s co u l d wit h ­

son i c speed (g reater t h a n Mach 5) at the ti m e of entry i nto the atmos p h e re of a

sta n d the heat o f re-e ntry. S i nce then materi a l s have adva n ced a n d beca use of

p l a net. This i nfl ata b l e re-e ntry ve h i c l e tec h n o logy co u l d be i m p l em ented o n a

n u m e rous M a rs m i ssi ons, i n c l u d i n g rove rs, l a n d e rs a n d o r bite rs, there's m o re

fut u re m i ssion to l a n d a spacec raft o n Ma rs.

u n d e rsta n d i ng of the M a rti a n atmos p h e re.wh i c h mea ns resea rc h e rs can now test a su bsca le model of a com pact i nfl ata b l e heat s h i e l d with the h e l p of a

This tec h n ology co u l d h e l p si g n ifica ntly to l a n d b i g g e r objects on M a rs. I n

s m a l l two-stage rocket. The ve h i cle is a 5 0-foot Black Brant 9 t h at wi l l l i ft I RVE

order to l a n d m o re mass, m o re d rag force i s req u i red so

o utside t h e atmos p h e re to an a ltitude of

the tota l su rface a rea of the heat s h ie l d of spacec raft

a bout 1 30 m i les (209 km). E n g i neers wa nt

enteri n g t h e atmosphere s h o u l d be m o re. The l a rg e r

to find o ut what t h e re-e ntry ve h i c l e wi l l

heat s h i e l d p rod u ces m o re friction force w h i c h slows

d o o n the way down.

the a i rcraft d ow n faster i n th i n n er atmos p h e re. The whole fl i g ht wi l l be over in less t h a n P resent ly, the m axi m u m size of the r i g i d heat s h ie l d has

2 0 m i n utes. I RVE wi l l be sepa rated fro m

l i m itations d ue to the d i a m eter of the l a u n c h ve h i c l e's

the rocket 90 seco n d s after l a u nc h a n d

payload fa i ri n g . Effectively we h ave rest rictions on

t h e i nflati o n wi l l beg i n a bo ut t h ree-a n d ­

payload w h i c h m a i n ly i n c l u des scientific i n st r u m e nts.

a - h a l f- m i n utes after that. T h e critical d ata

In

period

esse n ce the

effective n ess of the

m i ssion gets

after

it

i nfl ates

and

re-e nte rs

red u ced . Wh i l e the i nfl ata b l e heat s h i e l d wo u l d not be

t h ro u g h t h e atmos p h e re is o n ly a bout 3 0

constra i ned by the fa i r i ng d i a meter of the l a u nc h

seco n d s l o n g . C a m e ras a n d sensors o n

ve hicle.

board wi l l document t h e i nflati o n a n d

Scientists at N ASA's La n g l ey Rese a rc h Center in H a m p­

t o researc h e rs on t h e g ro u n d .

h i g h -speed free fa l l a n d se n d i nfo r m ati o n ton, Va ., a re tryi n g to deve l o p a co m p letely new type of

Cou rtesy: http://ga laxywi re.net

l i g htwe i g h t i nfl at a b l e spacec raft o uter s h e l l to slow a n d

After its b rief fl i g ht I RVE wi l l fa l l i nto t h e Atl a ntic Ocean a b o u t 90 m i les down

p rotect ree ntry ve h i c l es as t h ey b laze t h ro u g h the atmos p h e re at hype rso n i c

ra n g e fro m Wa l l o ps. No efforts wi l l be made to ret rieve the experiment o r the

speed s.

so u n d i n g rocket. The I nfl ata b l e Re-entry Ve h i c l e Ex periment is an exa m p le of how NASA is

For d e m o n strat i n g t h e tec h n o logy it is to be tested fro m a s m a l l so u n d i n g

usi ng its aero n a u tics expertise to su pport t h e deve l o p m e nt of fut u re spa ce­

rocket to b e la u nched a t NASA's Wa l l o ps F l i g ht Faci l ity a t Wa l l o ps I s l a n d , Va. The

craft.

I nfl ata b l e Re-entry Ve h i c l e Ex perime nt, o r I RVE, looks l i ke a g i a nt m u sh room

N ASA La n g l ey Resea rch Ce nter

when it's i nfl ated . Fo r t h e test, t h e s i l i con -coated Kevl a r a e roshe l l is vac u u m­

Refere n ce: NASA

packed i nside a 1 6- i n c h (40.6 c m ) d i a meter cyl i n d e r, but o n ce it u nfu r l s a n d i s p u m ped fu l l o f n it rogen it is a l most 1 0 feet (3 m) wi de.

ooG


- Consequences And Reality Check.

According to the latest data, at this place, the river forms the Deepest and Longest canyon in the world with an average depth of5000 m and deepest place of 6009 m. Now, it is not the Colorado Grand Canyon Till not long ago, it appeared that China's interest in Arunachal Pradesh was

that has an average depth of 1600 meters, with the deepest place of

limited to Tawang, given the spiritual and cultural links between Tibetans

1740 meters. Only in 1998, a 30 m waterfall was discovered nearby and

and the people of this area. But the Chinese daim has gradually expanded to encompass the whole state today.

A further attraction is its very real

hydro-electric power potential. Let's see how China has already made plans

since then China is planning to build a huge hydroelectric dam having an installed capadty of 40,000 MW.

to exploit this potential.

There are claims regarding the proposals in China to divert some of rivers water through the same dam to Eastern region. China is planning to divert 40 BCM(biliion cubic meter) of water out of 71.5 BCM carried by Brahmaputra each year.

The monsoon flow of

Brahmaputra is almost 1 0 times that of its dry season flow. Now, the three possibilities arise due to the diversion of river water through the proposed dam . The first one is hydro-power generation only. Thiswill not affect India in any way. But, the situation is not good for Bangladesh as it is surrounded by two Asian giants, with India already diverting 500,i. of Ganges water to the east. Hydro-power generation could be helpful in increasing the dry season flow by 1 0-20% as it is a form of non-consumptive usage of water - which may be suitable for irrigation purpose in Assam and Bangladesh. There is also a cheaper The mighty Brahmaputra river flows towards east for almost half of its length in mountainous Tibet and then takes a U-turn to enter plains in Assam. Ultimately, it enters Bangladesh towards South and meets the Ganges before reaching the sea. The place where it takes a U-turn is known as the Great Bend of Yarlung Tsangpo/Brahmaputra.

option for China to sell a part of the electricity to India . The second possibility is to divert water only during monsoon. The third is to divert a constant volume ofwater throughout the year.

19


The Untapped Potential The hycto-power 9"neration of Irdia is �timated at 84,000 IIMI, out of

Or.:::e GIna startsdivel:;ion ofwatel, a series of poIiti::al mnflcts is expected

which lTIOfe than half oflne potential i� located in the North Eastern regun.

- especially with ASEAN countries - something that Glina cookt hardly

The idenU'ied potential in the Blahmaputra basin is. 41,000 IIMI am in the

afford This cookt potentially delay the plan to add further water in the

Barak basin is 3,000 MW. The potential devebped

channel. By that time, enelgy-hul"IJry Irda should "tame' the Brahmaputra

50 far

is 340 MW ard 820

MW t; bei1g cEveioped which constitute only 2.6%. The installed capacityof hydlOpower now is only 17600 1If#. Out ofthe potential of44,000 MW il the region, the Brahmaputra Board has already prepared detaied project repotts ofthree large P'<J1ecis havinga total installedcapadtyof26,JOO MW. A hrlumte circumstao:::e is that these lar� profects will contribute in a bi;;) way to mitigate It.:> chroric flood problem ofthe two valleys. It has also been established that these

prCJ:io"<:ts

are

tedlno­

arv:1 have suffi:::ient control ovel it. If lrv:1ia fails to do that, it woukt be

is available. It's better oot to be the "Qy Baby' J we kllCll/V the problem beforeharv:1. TI¥> projected dire mnsequences of the diversion plan canl be termed dr¥hirg

always been an overlap between competition ard cooperation amongst

Iflrrla is not capable ofUSil"lJ Brah­

SOURCES:-

in

a

mere

needs g:xxl relationship with China because there has

ecoromies.

water

other than a

conspiracy theory at tl"js point oftime. But, Jrdia also

economically sound.

maputra

001

problem because we woukt fail to meet our goal �spite the mitigaton plan

the

two emerging workt

judcious

manner, then China has a ri!j1t 10

1.Bruhmapiltra&md, MinistryofwaterresounE5, WVl

divert them. So, the first twoofthe

Of/ooia

above listed

2v.ww. horilDnspeOO.worupress.COf1)

plans(possibilities)

have to be accepted by hda even if it harms her. HoweW'l, Irv:1ia calVlOt compromise on the third possibility as t i cook! reduce the dry season flow. As of now, neither Irv:1ja ·utlise' monsoon watel,

001

does it take the advantage of the gradient of

the Great Bend. The Internatklnal law (tt-ough neither of the two countl�s have sgned it) has set existing usage ofwater as a parameter lOr equitable shalil"lJ of water. The construction of the filst Chinese dam on Tsalg)O has already be€n started .


One of the major challenges faced by the world in the

for hydrogen storage, a Vertical Flow fuel cell stack for

21st century is global warming and engineers today

electricity generation, a lithium ion battery that stores

encounter a daunting task to come up with unique

electricity, a power drive unit (PDU) that governs electri­

ideas to provide more energy effi cient and less pollut­

cal HOIA.' and an electric drive motor for vehicle propulsion.

ing modes of travel to reduce green house gas emis­ sions. The introduction of Hydrogen fueled cars is one such

innovative

and

eco-friendly

concept.

These

For storing hydrogen a compr�ssed hydrogen tank is used. Due to improvements in design only one hydrogen tank is

vehicles convert the chemical energy of hydrogen to

required for the vehicle thus allowing

a spacious cabin.

mechanical energy by either combustion or electro­

Initially, horizontal cell stacks were used due to their low

chemical contersion in a fuel cell.

centre of gravity but they had a major disadvantage when used in cold weather. Due to t�e formation ofwater in the

Honda introduced its first hydrogen fu eled car in 1999

reaction, freezing of stored water cou Id cau se dam age to

The Honda FCX is an automob�e which uses a non

using a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. By the

the stack. Howeter in case of the vertical fuel cell stack

polluting fuel. H oweter despite its en ergy effi cient char­

year

the water is drain ed out an d therefore leaves no ch ance of

acteristics scientists debate that although the car does

2000

the

model

included

ultracapacitors

(capacitors having h igh capacitance).Th e first delivered

freezing in sub zero temperatures.

not produce any greenhouse gases but the only feasible process by which hydrogen is obtained is from fossil

model in 2002 had a maximum output of 80 kilowatts and 282 Nm of torque and had an operating range of

The end result is a power generation unit that has a

fuels and methane. This does not reduce our depen­

190 miles. This FCX model was a two-door four-seat

pOlA.'er/¥olume d�sity ratio 50 percent higher than the

den ce on foss� fu els. The electrolysis ofwater till date is

vehicle that used front-wheel drive. The Honda FCX

preliou. generation unit introduced in 2002 and nOlA.'

an inefficient an d very expensive m eth od for production of hydrogen and is not used commercially. Until and

(commonly referred to as Fuel Cell eXperimental) is a

start-up is possible at temperatures close to -30·C. Now

family of hydrogen fuel ceg automobiles manufactured

they have a stack that is small enough and powerful

unless a better and more efficient process of manufac­

by Honda.ln 2006 Honda announced that it would

enough to fit upright in the center tunnel of the car. The

turing hydrogen on the large scale is not developed it

make a production version of its FCX concept. The first

lithium battery along with the ultracapacitors acts as a

w�1 still take some time for hydrogen based vehicles to

production model FCX Clarity was launched in the

supplementpower .ourcewhichis requiredduring start­

enter the market. Also it would be diffi cult to transport,

summer of 2008.

up and acceleration. The motor has a high efficiency over

store an d distribute gaseou s fuel as com pared to �qu id

a broad range with lOlA.' noise level. During deceleration,

fuels. Honda has a lision of starting the mass production

using the concept of regeneratite braking, the drite

of teh icles based on the FCX concept by the year 20 18.

motor works as a generator, Coni erting kinetic energy into The fuel cell combines hydrogen with oxygen to make

electricity, which is stored in the lithium ion battery along

These design improvisations along with effi cient use of

electricity. The electricity then powers the electric

with any excess electricity produced by the fuel ceNs.

hydrogen as a fuel makes this product a car with a bright

motor, which in turn propels the tehicle. Water is th e

Electricity from the lith ium ion battery en sures continued

future but it would require some time for itto be used

only product the FCX Clarity leaves behind. The major

operation of the air conditioner and other devices.

by the common man.

components of the FCX clarity include a hydrogen tank

21


ntiS IS PRICE'LE'SS An old man, a boy & a donkey were going to town. The boy rode on the donkey & the old man walked. As they went along they passed some peope who remarked it was a shame the old man was walking and the boy was riding. The man and boy thought maybe the a itics were right, so they changed positions. Then, later, they passed some people who remarked, W ' hat a shame.. he makes that little boy walk,' So they then decided they'd both walk! Soon they passed some more peope who thought they were stupd to walk when they had a decent donkey to ride. So, they both rode the donkey. Now they passed some people who shamed them by saying how awful to p..i t 9.Jch a load on a p:> or donkey. The boy and man figured they were p-obably right, so they decide to carry the donkey. As they crossed the a idge.. they lost their grip on the animal and he fell into the river and drowned. The moral of the story-

/fyou try to please everyone, you might as well... Kiss your ass goodbye!

Source: Internet

22


==

The Edifice . . . ==';;;;;;;;;;; ; ;:�-=-=-':":":"ji -Nitin

Khola

On the bank ofa lonely way Burning throughout night and day Slept undisturbed apiece ofland All barren,full ofsand. A great man' watered it with gold People said 'the step was bold' A group atmen who had hands as sticks Cleared the crust andplanted bricks. But black was the gold Which the great man'sold The �tickpeople' turned it white ';:,-, 3>'

..'�

With their sweat, gave the hui/Jing, might. Now standsproud the edifice, "Healthypeople''flocked in fille mice They 'Worship the great man' But 5tich 'Vanish back into saud. Look at the building through e,es ojmine, Not the gold bat drops ofsweat malle it shine . . . ..

23


Mochankal E'"ngincering Studcn,,'A"ori,tion (MESA) Department ofMccb"'kal Engineering ,

Indian fnstitute ofTochnology GuW4lhati _

;' ;wt' follo..w ing exceflen".�-:;.;:;j jan 2010

Em3iJ'>m�.cmct.in , Wib.;to; I>tijrJlwww.iitg.cmeLinlmcsa/ � . Tel: +91-36'1-2,SY700

Fax;.+2!,.36�.-


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