13 X-ray Physics 13.8 Related Experiments
Examination of NaCl monocrystals
P2541301
Intensity of the X-ray spectrum of copper as a function of the glancing angle theta: NaCl monocrystals with [111] crystal orientation as Bragg analyser
Principle
XR 4.0 X-ray goniometer
The spectra of the X-rays that are reflected with various different orientations by NaCl monocrystals are analysed. The associated interplanar spacings are determined based on the Bragg angles of the characteristic lines. Tasks 1. Determine the intensity of the X-rays that are reflected by the NaCl monocrystals with the orientations [100], [110], and [111] as a function of the Bragg angle. 2. Assign the reflections to the corresponding lattice planes that are given by way of their respective Miller indices. 3. Determine the lattice constant and calculate the interplanar spacing. 4. Determine the mass of a cell and the number of atoms in the cell. What you can learn about ▪ Characteristic X-radiation, energy levels, crystal structures ▪ Reciprocal lattices, Miller indices, atomic form factor ▪ structure factor, Bragg scattering
Main articles XR 4.0 expert unit XR 4.0 X-ray goniometer XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in Cu tube XR 4.0 X-ray NaCl-monocrystals, set of 3 XR 4.0 Software measure X-ray Geiger-Mueller Counter tube, type B XR 4.0 X-ray Univ. crystal holder f.x-ray-unit XR 4.0 X-ray Diaphragm tube d = 2 mm
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Function and Applications Goniometer with two independent stepper motors for the precise angular positioning of a sample and detector. Benefits Self-calibrating goniometer Plug & measure: ▪ Automatic identification of the goniometer ▪ Goniometer block with two independent stepper motors for rotating the sample holder and the detector either separately or coupled in a 2:1 ratio ▪ The detector holder with a slit diaphragm holder for absorption foils can be moved in order to change the angular resolution ▪ Includes a light barrier system for limiting the permissible swivelling range and, thereby, for protecting the detectors ▪ Intuitive operation directly at the unit or via a PC Equipment and technical data ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪
Angular increment: 0.1°...10°; Rate: 0.5...100 s/increment Sample rotation range: 0...360° Detector rotation range: -10°...+170° Dimensions (cm): 35 x 30 x 20; Mass (kg): 5
09057-10
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