DOPPELGÄNGER
THE OPTICS OF WEATHER
16
Summer
Workshop
JAN
20
The workshop, second in a series between the University of Technology Sydney and the New York based architectural practice MODU, experimented with the idea of a 'soft structure' made possible with carbon fibre material.
5-19
4 | Credits
PROUDLY PRESENTED BY
WITH SPECIAL THANKS TO
William Feuerman (UTS Architecture) Phu Hoang (MODU) Rachely Rotem (MODU)
Anthony Burke (UTS Architecture) Dane Voorderhake (UTS Architecture) Endriana Audisho (UTS Architecture) Kimberley Angangan (UTS Architecture) Michael Richards (Kite Magic)
Marty Bowen Lorri Chan Lewis Chen Shahar Cohen Liam Corr David De Boos Rita Fares Huijie Gu Isobel Hall Alice He Adam Hoh
PUBLICATION BY
Aliaa Issa Erik Jorgensen Pareena Lertsurawat Minchao Liu Rachael O’Toole Wanqing Zhao Michael Zhi Teoh Jeffrey Tighe Anderson Trieu Gabrielle Veringa Lauren Watson
Andrea Lam Calum York
PHOTOGRAPHY BY Moez Abdul Daisy Cheng Calum York
10 | Introduction
DOPPELGÄNGER
noun a look-a-like; or double of a living person; sometimes portrayed as a paranormal phenomenon. DOPPELGÄNGER is an investigation into ‘soft structure’ through the use of carbon fibre. Given the material’s high strength to weight ratio, it was explored for its potential to react to weather conditions and its corresponding optical effects. Through this synergy, DOPPELGÄNGER created a space that can transform for both the individual and the collective; from an intimate private arrangement, to a larger open and social space. DOPPELGÄNGER is constructed using two identical ring modules whose mechanism shifts from a rested form to a deployed structure. In its rested form, DOPPELGÄNGER divides the space while in its deployed state, the structure is lifted to form a small canopy, creating an inclusive social space. This change activates public space, fostering interaction. DOPPELGÄNGER’s motion relies upon a synthesis of soft structure and a moveable ‘skin’, which are no longer treated as separate entities. This fusion allows the surface to expand and contract, responding to the forces of the changing weather. The skin’s interior, a reflective material, blurs interior and exterior atmospheres. Its double curvature surface produces a netting of individual apertures, each functioning as a window in and of itself. When combined, it creates a broad field of vision, distorting optical perception and personal experience, reflecting the inside out and outside in.
MODULE
3
1
3 lengths of 6mm carbon fibre tubes bundled together with 13mm black pipe
2
Connect end to end with 4 lengths of 13mm black pipe (A)
+
4
Loop one end around to the other end to make a hoop with a tail as per the diagram and slide PVC pipe (C) and connect with metal joint
5
Pull tail end (B) around into another loop through the same rubber tubing (C)
6
Twist and rotate first loop (D) until the top of the hoop sits at the top of the second loop
7
Add supporting frame
8
Connect two modules using the "Liam" joint
18 | Construction of Module
(A) (A) (A)
1
2
(B)
(C)
(B)
3
4
(B) (D)
(C)
(D)
5
6
7
8
LIAM'S JOINT
JOINT BETWEEN CARBON TUBES (with pvc pipe and metal joint) Two carbon fiber tubes meet at the midpoint of pvc pipe
7 900mm
1 290mm
LOOP SECTION
13mm black pipe (6.5mm length) 6mm pvc pipe (11mm length) 7mm metal joint
20 | Construction of Module
TAIL SECTION
6
3
2
3
ABOVE : Demonstrating catastrophic failure in an early prototype, which relied on string to retain structural integrity. The top image shows the object and its movement prior to cutting the string, while the bottom image shows its violent reaction post-cut.
22 | Prototype Modules
23 | Prototype Modules
24 | Final Pavilion Design
EXPERIENCE The inward compression of the primary structural rings lifts the pavilion into a single habitable space, with an arching canopy made of the substructure and reflective apertures. In this position, the interplay of direct light on the skin produces shifting optical effects and shadows. In reverse, as the two spheres are pulled apart and allowed to expand, the pavilion lowers to the ground, compressing the skin and its substructure to create two distinctly open habitable spaces. This position creates isolated environments and exposes users directly to the weather, while the substructure and scales have minimal effect. The pavilion is fixed to sandbag footings, which hold the pavilion in each of its positions. The pavilion can be dismantled and separated into its two constituent structures and footings, which allow it to be easily transported and reassembled.
ASSEMBLY DETAILS Small scale joints Interpreting the module as a habitable pavilion meant the reappropriation of the scale model. The shift in scale required the reinvention of joints, ensuring the forces and the motion remain consistent with the mechanical properties of the original. Having been limited to a maximum of 3m length rods, the modules are no longer a loop of a single rod, but a collection. An array of joints were designed to replicate the tensile properties of the smaller module. With additional rods, joints had to accommodate the increased forces and complexity within the module. The ‘Jeff’ joint was employed to connect members end to end to produce the required length, while the ‘Liam’ joint worked well as a hinge to stabilise the rotating junctions, to cleanly create a mesh of carbon fibre rods, and a heat shrink tube as used for reinforcement.
Top to bottom: Cable tie skin joint, Liam joint, prototype joint, rubber sleeve grouping carbon fibre rods
Anchor Point Detail
Flexi Clamp 25mm
Perforated Clamp 27-51mm
Snap Hook 50mm
2 X 5kg Weight
28 | Assembly Details
2
R7
.5
0
R8
.50
‘Rachael Joint’ Detail
0
1.2
R1
25.92
0 .5 R7
R8
.50
28.60
0
1.2
R1
50.0
Performance of Skin
Construction of Scale Modules
1
4
MIRROR PLASTIC
GAFFA TAPE BOTH SIDES
30 | Mechanics and Interaction of Scales
CUTTING STRIPS
2
5
DRILL HOLES
3
6
TAPE CURVES
ZIP TIE THROUGH HOLES
SKIN DETAILS Experimenting with movement in carbon fibre Structural systems are traditionally designed to counteract and withstand dynamic weather forces. The entire structure flexes and shifts with the wind and as the two modules move in sync. The scales stretch and contract simultaneously. The substructure of the ‘skin’ is constructed from 2mm fibre glass rods, attached adjacently as a mesh. The ‘scales’ are made from sheets of mirrored Perspex, shaped to respond and mimic the movements of the substructure, whilst reflecting and refracting its surroundings. The unique combination of the 2-systems combine to create a structure, not based on separate roles of structure and envelope, but instead synthesizes their individual characteristics to adapt and respond to weather. Doppelgänger creates an enclosure that creates a dynamic atmosphere through the exploration of soft structure, optics and weather.
PRELIMINARY PITCHES
Students formed groups and produced a design proposal for the installation. Using physical models, 3D models and any necessary drawings, they then pitched the design to each other along with a selection panel including visiting critic Phu Hoang and William Feuerman. One project was selected for further development and construction. These preliminary ‘Carbon Fiber Workshops’ experimented with carbon fiber as a lightweight structural system that would adapt to weather conditions. An ‘optical enclosure’ needed to be integrated with this ‘flexing structure’, to render the visual effects of weather uncontrol. The interaction between structure and enclosure could not be hierarchical, instead the workshop explored the synchronous structural relationships based on weather and optical properties.
01 TANDEM RINGS Lorri Chan Jeff Tighe Adam Hoh TANDEM RINGS challenges the capabilities of Carbon Fibre, investigating its kinetic transference, minimum bending radii and structural efficiency. Made up of a series of concentric rings, combined into a series of modules, we discovered that each module had mechanical transformations, which impacted on the next module. The synchronisation of flexible structures with optics and weather, whilst responding to site, was initiated by an operator. Through the manipulation of the pavilion, it caused users work together to initiate a chain reaction. As the modules contract and compress, the mirrors reflect and refract its surrounding surfaces with projections and reflections. The concept of impacting upon and being impacted by surroundings through the use of weather and optics is at the core of the Tandem Rings pavilion.
Tandem Rings Kinetics
Contraction
Expansion
Movement transforms the atmosphere as the screens rotate to reflect different views and light conditions
USER 2 USER 1
Reflection REFLECTION REFLECTION
Oscillating Discs OSCILLATION OSCILLATION DISCS DISCS
Asindividual the individual modules rotate, the reflective screens canscreens AsAs the the individual modules modules rotate, rotate, the the reective reective screens can can become view portals that reflect the surrounding context become become view view portals portals mirroring mirroring the the surrounding surrounding context context
36 | Tandem Rings Mechanics and Experience
Tandem Rings Interaction
OPTION 1
OPTION 1
OPTION 2
RESULTING ACTION
USER 1
RESULTING ACTION
OPTION 2
RESULTING ACTION
INDEPDENT USER
RESULTING ACTION
USER 2
COLLABORATION COMPRESSION COLLABORATION COMPRESSION Collaborative Action (PUSHING) (PUSHING)
INDEPENDENT ACTION INDEPENDENT ACTION Independent Action (PULLING) (PULLING)
COLLABORATION COMPRESSION (PUSHING)
Draw String Clips
YOU PUSHING ADAM?
YES GRANDMA, ARE YOU?
Rotating Pivot Wheels as Anchors
02 MYOFIBRIL Lewis Chen Gabrielle Veringa Isobel Hall Through an interactive system of shifting carbon rods and tubes, MYOFIBRIL begins to invert the skin and structure as the user manouvers the elements throughout the site. A loose fitting of the tubes to the rod allows the wind control over the formation of the structure, enabling an uncontrolled experience and atmosphere.
Diagrams in Plan
4m
6m
9m
6m
Modules Propagation
5m
4m
Lower Structure Upper Structure
Module Propagation
Module 1
Module 2 (addition of 1)
Module 3 (addition of 2)
Module 4 (addition of 7) Added Modules
Joints
Pre-existing Modules
Detailed Joints
Elbow Joint
Top Piston
Top Pulley
Lower Piston
Bottom Pulley
Ring Joint
Wheel
Pivot Base
03 WIND LOTUS Shahar Cohen Liam Corr Erik Jorgensen WIND LOTUS plays on the ideas of light and control. One element is controlled by the users, whilst another is controlled by the weather. Through connecting these two elements, the user-controlled element becomes dependent on the weather and vice versa. Projection of light through the layering of a semi-transparent material creates a secluded atmosphere as well as a ‘theatre’ determined by both the movement of the material and the weather. The atmosphere inside constantly changes due to the positioning of the sun and curiosity of the user.
Aperture Motion
42 | Tri-Aperture
04 TRI-APERTURE Marty Bowen David de Boos Rachael O'Toole TRI-APERTURE is a modular system with a tensegrity structure. This is a structure based on isolated triangular components in compression inside a net of continuous tension. The user can twist the module or pull the string to manipulate an aperture like motion. When the component is compressed the inner reflective material distorts the vision of the user through the lens, reflecting the inside out and the outside in, highlighting the microclimate nature of the pavilion. This proposed module offers multiple possibilities for an overall structure. The module can shift at scale as a smaller brick module that can be stacked or tied to create various surfaces or can be a singular monumental structure.
TERACTION
USER INTERACTION
Observation OBSERVATION USER INTERACTION
OBSERVATION USER INTERACTION EXPERIENCING THE SPACE
OBSERVATION Experience EXPERIENCING THE SPACE MOVING THE STRUCTURE
MOVING THE STRUCTURE EXPERIENCING THE SPACE
MOVING THE STRUCTURE Mobility
NOITCARETNI REHTAEW
Diffusion of Light
THGIL DELPPAD GNITAERC ECAFRUS EVITCELFER
FACE CREATING DAPPLED LIGHT
TERACTION
SKSID TNERAPSNART DNA EVITCELFER
FACE CREATING DAPPLED LIGHT TRANSPARENT DISKS Reflectivity & Transparency
TRANSPARENT DISKS N CARBON FIBRE RODS
N CARBON FIBRE RODS
Small-scale Rotation
SDOR ERBIF NOBRAC NO SKSID GNITATOR
05 ROLL Rita Fares Aliaa Issa Lauren Watson ROLL uses a series of interlocking carbon fibre rings to serve as a volume, focused heavily on the notion of movement and the ways in which the module itself may be collapsed and rolled through the site. Through an interactive system of shifting carbon rods and tubes, the volume begins to invert the concept of skin and structure as the user manouvers the elements throughout the site. A loose fitting of the tubes to the rod allows the wind control over the formation of the structure, enabling an uncontrolled experience and atmosphere.
Drifting Through Vortex
46 | Drifting Through Vortex
06 DRIFTING THROUGH VORTEX Huijie Guo Minchao Liu Michael Zhi Teoh Wanqing Zhao DRIFTING THROUGH VORTEX is a giant kite-like modular structure that acts on the forces of weather, reacting to create various possible interior spaces to inhabit and an interesting faรงade. The twistable structure allows it to constantly adapt to its surroundings. Additionally, the faรงades are made of smaller triangular fins that can move up and down along tracks while also twisting from left to right whenever wind hits its surface. The movable fins allow numerous sources of light to penetrate into the interior space and cast unpredictable shadows onto the surface creating a strong relationship between ground and sky and a visual connection between the exterior and interior of the space.
07 ZIP IT! Alice He Pareena Lertsurawat Anderson Trieu ZIP IT! is an interactive pavilion that begins with a member that consist of two rods connected in a way that creates an aperture in the middle. Aggregating members have the ability to affect their adjacent neighbour through expanding and contracting creating a kinetic system. We then introduce the zip as the interactive mechanism for the physical hiding and revealing dialogue between the users and its immediate surroundings. This offers opportunity for people to pass through or as a viewing opportunity from one space to another. Each space is formed through an organic form that then changes on the play of opening and enclosing vs the weather conditions of a particular day; e.g. the forces of the zip against wind. Thus framing a constant changing view of the above
REFLECTION The Collaborative Process The investigation and interrogation into carbon fibre and its strengths and limitations was present as a constant throughout the project, while the manifesto surrounding the narrative of the pavilion was developed in parallel. Contrary to expectations, this constraint proved constructive, not limiting. The physical properties of carbon fibre were challenging to replicate digitally, leading to numerous full scale tests. This mode of production demanded collaboration, as joints were invented and revised constantly to finesse the eventual final physical prototype. The process of scaling and rebuilding created and answered numerous obstacles. Constant revision of problems lead to solutions as new issues arose, producing a gradual refinement of the project and a greater understanding of carbon fibre.
52 | It's Never That Easy
54 | Failures, and Workshopping
56 | Collaboration and Experimentation
WORKSHOP LEADERS
“Giving Form to Formlessness” was run at UTS by William Feuerman, Course Director of the Bachelor of Design in Architecture Degree and principal of Office Feuerman, with Phu Hoang and Rachely Rotem of MODU Architecture, based in New York. Office Feuerman (OF) is a design office that thrives on engaging and collaborating with clients and partners to find thoughtful design solutions, looking at everyday issues, challenges, and constraints as a means for design invention. Based in Sydney and New York City, OF designs for a range of scales- from furniture to building design. The practice’s work has been featured and recognized in national and international publications and exhibitions. The building blocks of their philosophy include collaborations with other architects and designers; teaching; academic study; writing and commentary and is represented in their brand mark. MODU is an interdisciplinary architecture practice specialising in smart design that connects people to their environments. Co-directed by Phu Hoang and Rachely Rotem, MODU has completed projects in New York, Miami, Beijing, London and Athens. MODU conducts design research that intersects architecture with weather and has received grants from the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation and the New York State Council on the Arts. The practice’s interdisciplinary, multi-scalar approach has led to projects that bridge several disciplines of the built environment, from architecture to urbanism to interiors. MODU is a LEED accredited architecture practice.
60 | Class of Summer 2016
62 | Success!