COUNTRY SNAPSHOTS
Italy Highlights
Joined the OECD: 1962 Prime Minister: Mario Monti
• GDP per head increased by almost US$6,000 between 2000 and 2010, to $31,563.
Ambassador to the OECD:
• Household disposable income shrank by 3% in 2009.
Carlo Maria Oliva Delegation website: www.rappocse.esteri.it
• General government debt came to 126.8% of GDP, compared with 97.6% for the OECD.
Parliament website: www.parlamento.it
• The proportion of the population aged 65 and over was 20.5% in 2010, compared with 14.7% for the OECD.
Capital city: Rome
• Unemployment decreased over the past decade from 10.1% to 8.4%, compared with the OECD where the rate rose from 6.3% to 8.6%. • Renewable energy accounted for 10.2% of Italy’s energy supply, up from 5.9% in 2000. • Development aid came to 0.15% of gross national income.
ECONOMY
2000 2010 1
GLOBALISATION
Gross domestic product (US$ bln, PPPs)
1 457.4 1 908.6
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
26.1
28.5
GDP per capita (US$)
25 594 31 563
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
27.1
26.8
Real GDP growth (annual %)
3.7
1.3
Net official development assistance (% of GNI)
0.13
0.15
Household disposable income (annual growth %)
0.3
-3.0 2
Foreign-born population (% of population)
..
..
Budget balance (% of GDP)
-0.9
-4.5
Migration rate (per thousand)
3.1
..
Public debt (% of GDP)
121.6
126.8
Outward FDI stocks (US$ bln)
180
476
Current account balance (% of GDP)
-0.5
-3.2
Inward FDI stocks (US$ bln)
121
337
Inflation rate: all items (annual %)
2.5
1.5
Unit labour cost (annual growth %)
-0.4
-0.2
SOCIETY
Long-term interest rates (%)
5.58
4.04
Population (thousands)
56 942 60 193 2
Public expenditure on health (% of GDP)
5.8
7.4 2
Life expectancy at birth (years)
79.8
..
Private expenditure on health (% of GDP)
2.2
2.1 2
Population, 65 and over (% of population)
18.3
20.5
Public expenditure on education (% of GDP)
..
4.5 3
Employment rates: men (%)
68.2
67.7
Private expenditure on education (% of GDP)
..
0.3 3
Employment rates: women (%)
39.6
46.1
Self-employment rates (% of employed)
28.5
25.5
NEW SOURCES OF GROWTH
Unemployment rates (%)
10.1
8.4
Renewable energy (% of energy supply)
5.9
10.2
Long-term unemployment (% of unemployed)
61.3
48.5
Total energy production (Mtoe)
28.2
28.8
Income inequality, rank out of 34 (1: least unequal)
..
27 4
CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (mln tonnes)
426
389 2
Average hours actually worked (per year)
1 861
1 778
R&D expenditure (% of GDP)
1.0
1.3 2
Taxes on average worker (all-in, % of labour cost)
46.9
46.9
Tertiary graduation rates (% of population)
..
14.5 2
Road fatalities (per mln inhabitants)
115
71 2
Households with Internet access (%)
18.8
53.5 2
1. Unless otherwise indicated 2. 2009 data 3. 2008 data 4. Late 2000s data, based on Gini coefficient
142 OECD Yearbook 2012 © OECD 2012