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Chi. Bedre Sumanth Chi. Bedre Samarth and
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who contributed a lot in compiling these games
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AB E G PIN NIP BAN NAB OOL T T RB LOO A G G GAL BRA E R RTS R ESSE LAGE D SSED STRE AP PAN N EEM T T LF MEE GO FLOG ANG T T PER GNA IA D ID REPA S STAR RAT
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With Love Bedre Manjunatha
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Smt. Sudha R
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A loving gift to
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Sir, could you tell me how to learn English, please? I need it, Sir. Please!
Ok! Ok! You do one thing. Go home now. Take a paper and pencil and start writing all the names of the newspapers and magazines you read. Don’t forget to mention all the T.V. Channels that you watch. Follow the skills L.S.R.W.
Hello! How are you?
Listen! Please do listen to the Radio programmes and watch T.V. programmes. Listening will improve your vocabulary and make you feel familiar with the pronunciation, speed, pitch, tone, voice variations, etc.
Read! Read!!
Speak! Please do speak in English. It is very easy. You can improve your “Spoken English” skill by practice definitely. Practice makes man perfect!
Please do read all that you can read. You can start with English newspapers and move on to read magazines, newsletters, reports, essays, stories, novels or even books on personality development. Read, read everyday!
Write! Write! Please Write! Please do write whatever you know in English. You can start with the words that you use frequently. Copy some sentences and words also.
4
ISH E L G EN UAG G S LAN AME W‹Ÿ‹· G Bo › ª›–
¨sÁµÁ Dl JAzÀgÃÉ £ÀÄ ? (What is a Language Game?)
LANGUAGE SKILLS OF LEARNING A LANGUAGE - L S R W
¨ÁAiÀÄÝgÉ DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Oral Games)
11 12 13
25
WORDS! WORDS! WORDS! LAST - FIRST GAME WORD CHAINS GAME I SPY GAME SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS GAME HOMOPHONES GAME HOMONYMS GAME HOMOGRAPHS GAME ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION GAME RHYMING WORDS GAME RHYMES! RHYMES! HERE AGAIN! PHONIC WORDS GAME TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE GAME TONGUE TWISTERS GAME PROVERBS GAME IDIOMS AND PHRASES GAME RIDDLES - ENIGMAS - CHARADES GAME STORY TELLING GAME CONVERSATION GAME PICK AND SPEAK GAME QUIZ EPONYM GAME PANGRAM DICTIONARY GAME PARONYMS KIM’S GAME 5
27 30 33 35 37 44 46 47 48 52 54 56 58 59 64 68 70 73 78 86 88 93 99 100 103 104
ºÀ®UÉ §¼À¥z À À DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Paper and Pencil Games)
HANGMAN GAME ANAGRAM GAME ANTIGRAM GAME MIRROR WORDS RE-ARRANGING GAME PALINDROMES WORD BUILDING GAMES WORD LADDERS PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES GAME MATCHING THE WORDS KANGAROO WORDS GAME DICTATION GAME CHANGE OF PARTS OF SPEECH GAME
ªÀ¸ÄÀ Û DzsÁjvÀ DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Games Played with Playthings)
WORD RUMMY AND CROSS-WORDS DICE BOGGLE - 1 DICE BOGGLE - 2 DICE CUBE GAME SCRABBLE / CROSS-WORD GAME ALPHABET GAME WITH STORIES AND RHYMES VERB AND SENTENCE GAME WITH STORIES AND RHYMES ENGLISH WORD FORMATION GAME SPELLING BEE
¤ÃªÉà ªÀiÁr - Dr £ÉÆÃr (Do it Yourself and Play it)
FLASH CARDS OF LETTERS FLASH CARDS OF WORDS FAN CARDS OF WORDS - 1 FAN CARDS OF WORDS - 2 WINDOW WORD CARDS WORD FOLDERS WORD WHEELS - 1 WORD WHEELS - 2 WORD CHARTS SENTENCE CHARTS / SUBSTITUTION TABLES FAN CARDS OF SENTENCES SENTENCE WHEELS MATCH-STICK DRAWING TANGRAM 6
107 109 112 117 117 118 119 120 122 123 128 129 131 133
139 142 147 149 152 154 160 162 164 168
171 173 176 180 182 183 186 187 191 193 194 199 202 208 209
ªÁåPÀgt À zÀ DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Grammar Games)
211
GAMES WITH SENTENCE
213
PARTS OF SPEECH GAMES
223
NOUN GAMES
224
WORDS RELATED TO ANIMALS
233
WORDS RELATED TO PHOBIA
235
WORDS RELATED TO MANIA
237
WORDS GIVING SPECIAL MEANINGS
239
GAMES WITH DIMINUTIVES
240
PRONOUN GAMES
241
ADJECTIVE GAMES
245
VERB GAMES
250
ADVERB GAMES
254
PREPOSITION GAMES
258
CONJUNCTION GAMES
262
TENSE AND SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION GAME
264
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE GAME
269
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH GAME
275
¸ÀAgÀZ£ À AÉ iÀÄ DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Composition Games)
281
COMPOSITION GAMES WITH PICTURE
COMPOSITION WITH QUESTIONS
291
SELF INTRODUCTION
293
LETTER WRITING
295
NARRATING EXPERIENCES AND DIARY WRITING
296
DEVELOPING A STORY WITH PICTURES
297
DEVELOPING A STORY WITH WORDS
298
WALL MAGAZINE
299
PÀA¥ÀÆålgï, EAlgï£Émï ªÀÄvÀÄÛ «ÃrAiÉÆà DlUÀ¼ÄÀ (Computer, Internet and Video Games)
301
283
COMPUTER AND INTERNET GAMES
COMPUTERS
304
WEB BASED TEACHING
307
SITES FOR HOMEWORK
309
SITES FOR LEARNING EASY ENGLISH
311
SITES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE GAMES
312
VIDEO GAME FOR LEARNING ENGLISH
314
7
303
C£ÀħAzsU À ¼ À ÄÀ (Appendices)
315
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES
317
BASIC ENGLISH - THE 850 WORDS
323
ESSENTIAL ENGLISH WORD LIST
328
DICTIONARIES AND THEIR USES
331
QUICKTIONARY - II
339
WORDS OF SANSKRIT ORIGIN
341
WORDS OF HINDI ORIGIN
342
WORDS OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS
343
AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH WORDS
344
SHORT MESSAGE (MESSAGING) SERVICE
347
FOR HIGHER STUDIES AND REFERENCE
348
REFERENCE WORKS
349
ENGLISH - THE FUNNIEST LANGAUGE We will begin with BOX and the plural is BOXES But the plural of OX should be OXEN and not OXES. Then one fowl is GOOSE but two are GEESE Yet the plural of MOUSE should never be MEESE. You may find a lone MOUSE or a whole set of MICE But the plural of HOUSE is HOUSES not HICE. If the plural of MAN be always MEN Why shouldn’t the plural of PAN be PEN? If I speak of a FOOT and then you show me your FEET And I give you a BOOT, would a pair be called BEET?
S RD S O W AM E G RDS WO S GAME WORDS GAMES
If one is TOOTH, and a whole set is TEETH Why should not the plural of BOOTH be BEETH? Then one may be THAT and three may be THOSE Yet HAT in the plural would never be HOSE And the plural of CAT is CATS not COSE. We speak of a BROTHER and also a BRETHREN But although we say MOTHER we never say MOTHREN. Then the masculine pronouns are HE, HIS and HIM But imagine the feminine SHE, SHIS and SHIM. So, English, I fancy, you will agree, is the FUNNIEST LANGUAGE you ever did see!
- Leo Angela Rupert 8
ª›–› Bo GÌ®‹√ʇƋ· ? WHAT IS A LANGUAGE GAME ? Bo ÊÌ®‹√Ê ØW‹©Ò‹ W‹·ƒ Ò‹Δ·±‹Δ· PÊΔ ‹‚ Øø· ‹·W‹Ÿ‹ AÆ‹·”›√‹ BoW›√‹√‹ Æ‹v‹· Ê Æ‹vÊø·· ‹ ”‹≥´ÊÏ. JÌ®‹· Ø©Ï–‹r ª›–Êø·Æ‹·∞ P‹»ø·Δ· üŸ‹‘PÊ„Ÿ‹·¤ ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ª›–› BoW‹Ÿ‹· GÆ‹·∞Ò›§√Ê. D BoW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Bv‹Δ· Bo®‹ ‹”‹·§ CΔ… ʇ ‹fi◊£ ‹·Ò‹·§ BoW›√‹√‹· ∏ʇP‹·. Bo®‹ Øø· ‹·W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ BoW›√‹√ʇ √‹„≤‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤ü÷‹·®‹· CΔ… ʇ Bo Bw”‹· ‹ ŒP‹“P‹√‹· Ø´‹Ïƒ”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. ‹”‹·§ B´›ƒÒ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹»… Bo®‹ ‹”‹·§ÀÆ‹ hÊ„ÒÊWʇ Øø· ‹fi ‹⁄W‹Ÿ‹ ±‹qrø·Æ‹·∞ ؇w√‹· ‹‚®‹ƒÌ®‹ A®‹√‹ Øø· ‹·W‹Ÿ‹ AÆ‹Ãø· Bo Bv‹ü÷‹·®‹·.
game n. 1 An exercise for diversion, usually with other players, a pastime. 2 An entertaining activity or sport, especially one played by children, or the equipment needed for such an activity. 3 A contest played according to specified rules and decided by chance, strength, skill or a combination of these. 4 A project, plan, or scheme designed to defeat others. 5 Sport, merriment, diversion.
word game n. any game involving the formation, alteration etc. of words.
BoW›√‹√‹ ”‹ÌTʬ B´›ƒÒ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· Jü∫√ʇ Bv‹· ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·
hÊ„‡w BoW‹Ÿ‹·
bP‹R W‹·Ì≤Æ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·
®Ê„v‹x W‹·Ì≤Æ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·
Bo®‹ ÊÁÀ´‹¬ ‹Æ‹·∞ B´‹ƒ‘®‹ ÀÌW‹v‹OÊ Active Games
Challenge Games
Cumulative Games
Grid Games
Word-Bulding Games
Word-Finding Games
¨sÁµÁ DlzÀ «zsU À ¼ À ÄÀ ∏›ø·™√Ê BoW‹Ÿ‹· ؇ ʇ ‹fiw Bv‹· ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· JÌ®‹· ØÀ·–‹®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·
÷‹ΔWÊ üŸ‹±‹®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· ›¬P‹√‹|®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö, CÌo√ÖÆÊpÖ ‹·Ò‹·§ À‡w¡„‡ BoW‹Ÿ‹·
‹”‹·§ B´›ƒÒ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· ”‹Ì√‹a‹ÆÊø· BoW‹Ÿ‹· Ê„∏ÊÁ«Ö BoW‹Ÿ‹·
Bo®‹ ÊÁSƒø· üWÊY ÷ʇŸ‹∏ʇPÊÌ®‹√Ê A®Ê‡ JÌ®‹· ®Ê„v‹x Bo BW‹·Ò‹§®Ê. Æ› ‹‚ ÷‹·v‹·Q®‹–‹·r ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹·, ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹·, ‹”‹·§W‹Ÿ‹·, CÒ›¬© ‘W‹·Ò‹§«Ê‡ C√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. CÌX…–Ö ª›–› Bo®‹ üWÊY¡·‡ ÷ʇŸ‹ ÷Ê„√‹o√‹„ ”›Ì®‹ºÏP‹ ›X CÒ‹√‹ ª›–ÊW‹Ÿ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹„ ±‹≈”›§±‹ ›W‹ü÷‹·®‹·. CÌX…–Ö ª›–› Bo®‹»…ø·„ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ √‹a‹ÆÊ A•‹ › ±‹®‹hÊ„‡v‹OÊø· BoW‹Ÿ‹·, Ea›c√‹PÊR ”‹ÌüÌó‘®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·, A•‹Ï ÷‹·v‹·P‹· ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹·, ›P‹¬ √‹a‹ÆÊø· BoW‹Ÿ‹·, ˛›±‹P‹Õ‹Q§ø· BoW‹Ÿ‹·, ◊‡WÊ HÆÊ«›… C Ê. hÊ„ÒÊWÊ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ÊÁÀ´‹¬ÒÊø· ±‹ƒa‹ø· ÷›W‹„ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ±‹qrW‹Ÿ‹„ C»… Ê. English Language Games/11
Sir, many people say that one should know the “Basic Grammar” of a language to learn it. Is it true?
Sir, what is Grammar?
Grammar! It is nothing but a set of rules. It is the study or use of the rules about how words change their form and combine with other words to make sentences.
Yeah. It is true. Grammar is the foundation of any language. If you know the “Basic Elements” well you can use it in any way you like. You will be the master, you know?
Sir, would you help me to learn English grammar, please? Yes. Learning English grammar is very easy. It is a fun to play with words. There are many games to learn English language. You will learn all these step by step. But Sir, there is one more popular definition given in the “Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary”.
Sir, what is a Sentence? Could you explain, please? A Sentence is a word or group of words that gives full meaning and makes some sense.
WORDS
SPELLING
BOOK
BAT
LETTERS
Sir, who am I? Tell me.
L BAL
A SENTENCE is a grammatically self contained speech unit consisting of a word or group of words that expresses an assertion (.), a question (?), a command / request / order/ appeal (“...”), a wish or an exclamation (!), that in writing usually begins with a capital letter and concludes with appropriate end punctuation, and that in speaking is phonetically distinguished by various patterns of stress, pitch and pauses. 26/English Language Games
±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· ! ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· ! ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· WORDS! WORDS! WORDS! ØW‹©Ò‹ A•‹Ï PÊ„v‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹ JÌ®‹· ‹¬ ‹‘ßÒ‹ W‹·Ì±‹‚ ±‹®‹ GÌ®‹· P‹√Ê‘PÊ„Ÿ‹·¤Ò‹§®Ê. PÊΔ Ê‰ Ê·æ J̮ʇ ±‹®‹PÊR ÷ÊbcÆ‹ A•‹ÏW‹Ÿ‹„ C√‹ü÷‹·®‹·. CÌX…–Ö ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹»… ±‹®‹PÊR D ƒ‡£ À ‹√‹OÊ ®Ê„√‹P‹·Ò‹§®Ê : Word : 1. A speech sound or series of speech sounds that symbolizes and communicates a meaning without being divisible into smaller units capable of independent use; 2. A written or printed character or combination of characters representing a spoken word. (“Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary”)
Ê·Á”‹„√‹· ÀÕ‹ÃÀ®›¬Δø·®‹ CÌX…–Ö & P‹Æ‹∞v‹ ØZÌqÆ‹»… ±‹®‹PÊR D À ‹√‹OÊ C®Ê : Word : ‹vÖÏ (Æ›.) ‹fiÒ‹·, Õ‹ü™, ±‹®‹, Æ‹·w, ”Ê„Δ·…, EQ§, ÷ʇ⁄®‹·™, ‹fiÒ‹·P‹ÒÊ, ‹a‹Æ‹, ª‹√‹ ‹”Ê, CÒ›¬©. CÌX…–Ö ±‹®‹W‹⁄WÊ Spelling ü÷‹Ÿ‹ ‹··S¬. Spelling GÌü·®‹· ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹ › Õ‹ü™®‹ Ea›c√‹OÊWÊ ”‹ƒøfiX AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÷Ê„Ì©”‹· ‹ P‹≈ ‹·. SpellingÆ‹»… ”‹ÃΔ≥ ‹¬Ò›¬”‹ ›®‹√‹„ ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹Ï ʇ ü®‹«›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. E®›÷‹√‹OÊWÊ : WORD ±‹®‹ HIT
BA T BE T PA T PE T PI T P OT PU T
÷Ê„w, üw
WARD
PÊ„s‹w HAT pÊ„≤≥, P‹·«›À
PILL - PULL
CAT - CUT
SPIT - SPOT
NOT - NET,
TELL - TALL
QUIT - QUIZ
FACE - BACE
BOLT - COLT
FAIL - TAIL
BEAT - SEAT
BELL - BALL
BELL - SELL
BAT - BET - BIT - BUT PAT - PET - PIT - POT - PUT etc.
÷›WÊ¡·‡ J̮ʇ ƒ‡£ø· AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ”›ßÆ‹ ±‹Δ…oWÊ„⁄‘®‹√‹„ P‹„v‹ ÷Ê„”‹ ÷Ê„”‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· ”‹Í—røfiW‹·Ò‹§ Ê. CÌÒ‹÷‹ AP‹“√‹±‹Δ…o©Ì®‹ ”‹Í—røfiW‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Anagrams GÌ®‹· P‹√Êø·«›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê.
My God! These letters arrange themselves in different order and give different meanings. I don’t understand them. What to do?
DOGS
TEA
POST
GODS
EAT
STOP
DEAR
ARE
TALE
READ
EAR
LATE
DARE
ERA
TEAL
They are ANAGRAMS. Don’t worry.
English Language Games/27
”‹ ‹fiÆ›•‹ÏP‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ À√‹·®›ú•‹ÏP‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ Bo SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS GAME I want an ‘Elephant’, Sir.
Sir, I want a ‘Pachyderma’. Why do you fight? ‘Elephant’ and ‘Pachyderma’ are the same.
JÌ®‹· ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹Ï ‹Æ‹·∞ ÷Ê„‡Δ· ‹ CÆÊ„∞Ì®‹· ±‹®‹ A•‹ › CÆ‹·∞ PÊΔ ‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ”‹ ‹fiÆ›•‹ÏP‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· GÆ‹·∞ ‹√‹·. (Synonym = One of two or more words or expressions of the same language that have the same or nearly the same meaning in some or all senses.) CÌX…–ÖÆ‹ ±‹≈£¡„Ì®‹· ±‹®‹ ‹‰ Ò‹Æ‹∞®Ê‡ B®‹ ÀŒ–‹r A•‹Ï ÷Ê„Ì©√‹· ‹‚®‹ƒÌ®‹ ”‹ ‹fiÆ›•‹ÏP‹ ±‹®‹W‹ŸÊ‡ CΔ… ÊÌü ›®‹ ‹‰ C®Ê. B®‹√‹„ JÌ®‹· ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹Ïd›¡·ø·Æ‹·∞ ÷Ê„‡Δ· ‹ ÷‹Δ ‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹⁄ Ê. 1. BUSY
:
active, diligent, industrious, occupant.
2. AGREE
:
accept, admit, consent, unite, tally.
3. BRAVE
:
daring, fearless, bold, courageous.
4. OPEN
:
exposed, unclosed, plain, obvious.
5. SHOW
:
disclose, demonstrate.
JÌ®‹· ±‹®‹PÊR À√‹·®‹™ ›®‹ A•‹ÏPÊ„v‹· ‹ CÆÊ„∞Ì®‹· ±‹®‹ A•‹ › ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ À√‹·®›ú•‹ÏP‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· GÆ‹·∞ ‹√‹·. (A word of opposite meaning.) PÊΔ Ê‰ Ê·æ JÌ®‹· ØW‹©Ò‹ ±‹®‹®‹ À√‹·®‹ú A•‹Ï ‹Æ‹·∞ ؇v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ Prefix W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ”ʇƒ”‹· ‹‚®‹√‹ ‹·„ΔP‹ ±‹vÊø·ü÷‹·®‹·. E®›÷‹√‹OÊWÊ : im + proper = improper
in
mis + judge
mis + understand = misunderstand
ir
= misjudge
+ regular = irregular
dis + belief
= disbelief
un
+ ability + important
dis + appear
= inability = unimportant = disappear
etc.
‹·Òʧ PÊΔ ‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹⁄WÊ À√‹·®‹ú A•‹Ï ؇v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ∏ʇ√ÊøfiX¡·‡ ÷Ê„Ì©‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤∏ʇP‹·. English Language Games/37
”‹ ‹fiÆ‹√‹„±‹À®‹™√‹„ ÀºÆ‹∞ Ea›c√‹ C√‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ Bo HOMOGRAPHS GAME Hello Sir! Could you explain me the difference between a Homophone and a Homonym ?
WELCOME
HOMONYM One of two or more words spelled and pronounced alike but different in meaning.
HOMOPHONE One of two or more words pronounced alike but different in meaning or derivation or spelling.
Sir, What is a Homograph? Tell me, please. Well! I am fine.
HOMOGRAPH A word which is spelled the same as another word and might be pronounced differently, but which has a different meaning.
WELL
J̮ʇ ƒ‡£ø· AP‹“√‹hÊ„‡v‹OÊ (Spelling) ÷Ê„Ì©®‹™√‹„ ∏ʇ√Ê ∏ʇ√ÊøfiX Ea‹cƒ”‹Δ≥v‹· ‹ ∏ʇ√Ê ∏ʇ√Ê A•‹Ï PÊ„v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞, ±‹®‹hÊ„‡wW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ (Word Pairs), ”‹ ‹·AÆ‹√‹„±‹À®‹™√‹„ ÀºÆ‹∞ Ea›c√‹ C√‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· (Homonyms) GÆ‹·∞ ‹√‹·. C ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ JÌ®‹· W‹·Ì≤Æ‹ ‹√‹· CÆÊ„∞Ì®‹· W‹·Ì≤Æ‹ ‹ƒWÊ Pʇ⁄ A•‹Ï £⁄”‹· ‹ÌÒÊ¡„‡, G√‹v‹Æ‹„∞ ∏ʇ√Ê ∏ʇ√Ê ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹»… üŸ‹‘ A•‹Ï ‹¬Ò›¬”‹ ÷ʇŸ‹· ‹ÌÒÊ¡„‡ A•‹ › G√‹v‹Æ‹„∞ J̮ʇ ›P‹¬®‹»… üŸ‹‘ A•‹Ï ‹¬Ò›¬”‹ ÷Ê„√‹÷Ê„ ‹··æ ‹ÌÒÊ ‹fiv‹Δ· £⁄”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. A®‹√‹ ”‹ƒ A•‹Ï ‹Æ‹·∞ £⁄‘®‹ ‹√‹· WÊ®‹™ÌÒÊ. A ‹ƒWÊ ‹·ÒÊ„§Ì®‹· ±‹®‹ hÊ„‡w PʇŸ‹Δ· A ‹P›Õ‹ ‘W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. øfi√‹· ”‹ƒøfiX F◊‘ EÒ‹§ƒ”‹·Ò›§√Ê„‡ A ‹√‹· / A ‹√‹ W‹·Ì±‹‚ WÊ®‹™ÌÒÊ. E®›÷‹√‹OÊWÊ D PÊŸ‹WÊ Ø‡w√‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ W‹ ‹·Ø‘. EÒ‹§ ‹· ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹ ʉ̮‹√‹ ”‹÷›ø·©Ì®‹ C ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹ A•‹Ï ‹¬Ò›¬”‹ £⁄ø·Δ· ±‹≈ø·£∞‘. bow close content contract convert desert lead minute object live
(∏Ê„) (PÊ„…‡”Ö) (P‹ÌpÊÌpÖ) (P‹Ìp›≈$¬PÖr) (P‹Æ‹ÃpÖÏ) (vÊ”ÊpÖÏ) (»‡vÖ) (À·ØpÖ) (A∏ÊjPÖr) (» Ö)
bow close content contract convert desert lead minute object live
(∏Ê„‡) (PÊ„…‡hÖ) (P›ÌpÊÌpÖ) (P›Ìp›≈$¬PÖr) (P›Æ‹ÃpÖÏ) (vÊ”‹pÖÏ) («ÊvÖ) ( Ê·ÁÆ‹„¬pÖ) (B∏ÊjPÖr ) («ÊÁ Ö)
produce project read refuse row tear used wind wound
(±‹≈v‹„¬”Ö) (±›≈hÊPÖr) (ƒ‡vÖ) (√Ê¥‹‰¬”Ö) (√Ê„‡) (qø·√Ö) (ø·„”‹vÖ) (ÀÌvÖ) ( ËÌvÖ)
produce project read refuse row tear used wind wound
(±›≈v‹„¬”Ö) (±Ê‰≈hÊPÖr) (√ÊvÖ) (√Ê¥‹‰¬hÖ) (√Ê„‡ Ö) (pʇ√Ö) (ø·„”Öx) ( ÊÁÌvÖ) ( ‹‰ÌvÖ) etc.
English Language Games/47
Well done! Your score is perfect 10.
R WE E S AN L TH S N AL TIO RE S HE E QU ED K AS
What! Do I have to answer all these questions? Oh God! You are really kicking me.
Would you like to ask questions to your friends and get answers? Well, here are some patterns.
What is your name? My name is........................................................
Who are you? I am ..................................................................
Who is your father? My father is........................................................
What is he (doing)? He is..................................................................
Who is your mother? My mother is......................................................
What is she (doing)? She is.................................................................
Do you have a brother? Yes, I have / No, I don’t have...........................
What is his name? His name is......................................................
Do you have a sister? Yes, I have / No, I don’t have...........................
What is her name? Her name is......................................................
What is your uncle’s name? My uncle’s name is...........................................
What is he (doing)? He is..................................................................
What is your aunt’s name? My aunt’s name is.............................................
What is she (doing)? She is.................................................................
What is your ambition? My ambition is..................................................
What do you want to become? I want to be a...................................................
Do you have any big dream? Yes, I want to be a ............................................
Which is your favourite book? My favourite book is.......................................
What are your hobbies? My hobbies are..................................................
What is your e-mail ID? My e-mail ID is...............................................
Which is your favourite movie? My favourite movie is.......................................
How do you spend your leisure time? I usually ..........................................................
Do you play games? Which are they? Yes, I do. I play ...............................................
Who is your favourite hero / heroine? My favourite hero / heroine is ....................... English Language Games/83
Æʇ|·W›√‹Æ‹ Bo HANGMAN GAME 3
The stages of the gallows are: 1. the base of the pole 2. the pole 3. a cross piece 4. the support 5. the rope 6. the head 7. body 8. left arm 9. right arm 10. left leg 11. right leg HANGMAN
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Hangman’s Gallows
C®‹· JÌ®‹· ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ P‹Ìv‹·◊wø·· ‹ Bo. SPELLING P‹»ø·Δ· Ò‹·Ì∏› E±‹ø··P‹§ ›®‹ Bo. C®‹√‹»… Jü∫√‹· A•‹ › JÌ®‹· W‹·Ì≤Æ‹ BoW›√‹√‹· P›W‹®‹®‹ Ê·‡«Ê¡„‡, ∏Ê„‡wÏÆ‹ Ê·‡«Ê¡„‡ JÌ®‹· Bø·™ ±‹®‹®‹»…√‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹ ”‹ÌTʬø·–‹·r T›» h›W‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Êø··Ò›§√Ê. A®‹· A ‹√‹· ‹·Æ‹‘’Æ‹»… Co·rPÊ„Ìw√‹· ‹ ±‹®‹ ›X√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. G®‹·√‹· ±‹ÌW‹v‹®‹ ‹√‹· B ±‹®‹®‹ SPELLINGÆ‹ J̮ʄ̮ʇ AP‹“√‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ F◊‘ ÷ʇŸ‹∏ʇP‹·. A ‹√‹· F◊‘ ÷ʇ⁄®‹ AP‹“√‹ Bø·™ ±‹®‹®‹»…®‹™√Ê ±‹≈ÕÊ∞ Pʇ⁄®›Ò‹ A®‹Æ‹·∞ T›» h›W‹®‹»… ü√Êø··Ò›§ÆÊ. B AP‹“√‹ A»… CΔ…®Ê‡ ÷Ê„‡®‹√Ê, AÌ®‹√Ê A®‹· Ò‹±‹‚≥ F÷ÊøfiX®‹™√Ê, BW‹ BÒ‹ J̮ʄ̮‹· Ò‹±‹‚≥ AP‹“√‹P‹„R Æʇ|·W‹Ìü®‹ J̮ʄ̮ʇ ÷‹ÌÒ‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Êø··Ò›§ ÷Ê„‡W‹·Ò›§ÆÊ. Jo·r 11 A ‹P›Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹»… G®‹·√‹· ±‹ÌW‹v‹®‹ ‹√‹· ”‹ƒøfiX ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ F◊”‹Δ· ”Ê„‡Ò‹√Ê Æʇ|·W‹Ìü®‹»… ∏Ê„Ì∏Ê Æʇқv‹·Ò‹§®Ê. ”‹ƒøfiX F◊‘®‹»… Æʇ|· Ò‹≤≥‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤Δ„ü÷‹·®‹·. C®‹Æ‹·∞ Ò‹√‹W‹£ø·»… E±›´›¬ø·√‹· ∏Ê„‡wÏÆ‹ Ê·‡«Ê ü√Ê®‹· ±‹≈¡„‡X”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. ØW‹©Ò‹ ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ W‹·√‹·£”‹· ‹ ª‹√‹®‹»… ÷‹Ò‹·§ ÷‹Δ ‹‚ CÒ‹√ʇ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹„ ü√‹· ‹‚®‹· «›ª‹ ‹Δ… ʇ ? ±‹≈£¡„Ì®‹· Ò‹≤≥WÊ Æʇ|·W‹Ìü √‹b”‹· ‹ ÷‹ÌÒ‹W‹Ÿ‹· ◊‡X Ê :
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D Æʇ|·W›√‹Æ‹ Bo®‹»… BoW›√‹√‹· ”‹ƒøfiX F◊‘®‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ PÊ„qr√‹· ‹ T›» ”‹ßŸ‹®‹»… ü√Êø·∏ʇP‹·. Ò‹±›≥®‹ F÷Êø· AP‹“√‹PÊR J̮ʄ̮‹√‹ÌÒÊ 10 WÊ√ÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹·Ò‹·§ JÌ®‹· ‹ÍÒ‹§ ‹Æ‹·∞ GŸÊ®‹· Æʇ|·W‹Ìü ±‹‰£ÏWÊ„⁄”‹∏ʇP‹·. English Language Games/109
AP‹“√‹ ±‹Δ…o©Ì®‹ ±‹®‹√‹a‹ÆÊø· Bo ANAGRAM GAME T
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T E A M 1
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TALE LATE TEAL
DOG GOD
TOP POT OPT
MARY ARMY
SMILE DAM MILES MAD LIMES
DEAL LEAD DALE
TOPS POTS OPTS S POT POST
MALE LAME MELA MEAL
EAT TEA ATE
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ARE EAR ERA
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DEAR READ DARE
NAME MEAN MANE AMEN
M
JÌ®‹· ØW‹©Ò‹ ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ”›ßÆ‹±‹Δ…oWÊ„⁄”‹· ‹‚®‹ƒÌ®‹ ‹·ÒÊ„§Ì®‹· A•‹Ï PÊ„v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹ √‹b”‹· ‹ BoÀ®‹·. Ê·‡«Ê ؇w√‹· ‹ E®›÷‹√‹OÊW‹Ÿ‹ÌÒÊ ØW‹©Ò‹ ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ◊Ì®‹· ‹··Ì®›X‘ ÷Ê„”‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. C®‹· Æ‹ ‹·æ ±‹®‹ ”‹Ì±‹Ò‹§Æ‹·∞ ‹Í©úWÊ„⁄”‹· ‹‚®‹–Êr‡ AΔ… J̮ʇ ƒ‡£ø· AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ ÀÀ´‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹· ‹ ÷‹Δ ›√‹· ”›´‹¬ÒÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Æ‹ ʷ残·√‹· Ò‹Ì©v‹·Ò‹§®Ê. AP‹”›æÒÖ Æ› ‹‚ ü√Êø·· ›W‹ SPELLING MISTAKE B®‹√Ê A®‹√‹ ±‹ƒO› ‹· ‹·Ò‹·§ A•‹Ï HÆ‹· GÆ‹·∞ ‹‚®‹· C®‹ƒÌ®‹ £⁄ø··Ò‹§®Ê. C®‹Æ‹·∞ ”‹ƒøfiX A•‹Ï ‹fiwPÊ„Ìv‹√Ê SCRABBLE, LADDERGRAMS, WORLD-LADDERS, ANTIGRAMS, LEXICON, WORD-POWER, WORDBUILDING
Ê„®‹«›®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Bv‹· ›W‹ ”‹÷›ø· ›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. ‹fi◊£W›X ‹·Ò‹§–‹·r gÆ‹≤≈ø· E®›÷‹√‹OÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÆÊ„‡vÊ„‡| : BUT
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PÊΔ Ê‰ Ê·æ PÊΔ ‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ◊Ì®‹· ‹··Ì®›X‘ ü√Ê®‹√‹„ ‹·„Δ ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹Ï ‹Æ‹·∞ ÷Ê„‡Δ· ‹ ‹·ÒÊ„§Ì®‹· ±‹®‹ A•‹ › A®‹PÊR ”‹Ì ›©øfi®‹ ±‹®‹ A»… ‹·„w√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. AÌÒ‹÷‹ PÊΔ ‹‚ E®›÷‹√‹OÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÆÊ„‡vÊ„‡| : angered animosity the aristocracy astronomers Beverly Sills circumstantial evidence
112/English Language Games
enraged is no amity a rich Tory caste moon-starers / no more stars! silvery bells actual crime isn’t evinced can ruin a selected victim
±‹®‹√‹a‹ÆÊø· BoW‹Ÿ‹· WORD BUILDING GAMES
S A C H I N T E N D U L K A R 1
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AN UN IN IS AT
TEN END DEN ARE ART
TEND LEND SEND REND HAND
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REAL LATE INCH CHIN STAR
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CATER CART DART DUST LEST
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NEST TEST LIST & ETC.
CÌX…—Æ‹ PÊΔ ‹‚ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ؇w A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘ Ø ‹·WÊ G–‹·r ”›´‹¬ ʉ‡ A–‹·r ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· PʇŸ‹·£§®‹™ ±‹®‹√‹a‹ÆÊø· BoW‹Ÿ‹· Ø ‹·WÊ WÊ„£§√‹∏ʇP‹·. ÷›WÊ øfi ‹‚®Ê„‡ JÌ®‹–‹·r ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ü®‹«›X PÊΔ Ê‰ Ê·æ JÌ®‹· E®‹™ ›®‹ ±‹®‹, JÌ®‹· ÷Ê”‹√‹·, JÌ®‹· ØW‹©Ò‹ ±‹®‹W‹·a‹f, PÊ„o·r A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹»…√‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘PÊ„Ìv‹· ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· PʇŸ‹«›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. CÆ‹„∞ PÊΔ ‹‚ ”‹Ì®‹ª‹ÏW‹Ÿ‹»… Ø ‹·æ Ø ‹·æ ÷Ê”‹√‹ÆÊ∞‡ ü√Ê®‹· A®‹√‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÒÊWÊ®‹·PÊ„Ìv‹· ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· PʇŸ‹ü÷‹·®‹·. ÷Ê”‹√‹· £‡√› bP‹R®›X®‹™√Ê Ø ‹·æ CØ—ø·«ÖW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ∏ʇP›®‹√Ê ü√Ê®‹· ”ʇƒ”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. ◊‡WÊ ‹fiw®›W‹ Æ‹ ‹·æ ÷Ê”‹ƒW‹„ A–‹·r ±‹®‹ √‹b”‹· ‹ Õ‹Q§ C®Ê GÌ®‹· £⁄ø··Ò‹§®Ê. C®Ê‡ À´›Æ‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘ ±‹≈£—uÒ‹ À·s›¿· P‹Ì±‹Øø· ‹√‹· ”‹≥´ÊÏW‹Ÿ‹ÆÊ∞‡ H±‹Ïw”‹·£§®›™√Ê. Õ›«ÊW‹Ÿ‹»…ø·„ CÌÒ‹÷‹ ±‹®‹√‹a‹ÆÊø· ”‹≥´ÊÏW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ H±‹Ïw‘ À®›¬¶ÏW‹Ÿ‹ ±‹®‹”‹Ì±‹Ò‹§Æ‹·∞ ÷Êbc”‹Δ· ±‹≈ø·£∞”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. Ê·‡»Æ‹ E®›÷‹√‹OÊø·»… SACHIN TENDULKAR GÌü ÷Ê”‹ƒÆ‹»…√‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ PÊΔ Ê‡ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ C»… ü√Êø·Δ· ”›´‹¬ ›X®Ê. P‹Ø–‹u ÊÌ®‹√‹„ 150P‹„R ÷Êa‹·c ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ D ÷Ê”‹ƒÆ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ √‹b”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. ÷›WÊ¡·‡ Ø ‹·æ ÷Ê”‹√‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Ê®‹·PÊ„Ìv‹· ؇ ‹‰ øfiPÊ ±‹®‹√‹a‹ÆÊ ‹fiv‹∏›√‹®‹· ? ÷›W›®‹√Ê G»… JÌ®‹· ±ÊØ’«Ö ‹·Ò‹·§ JÌ®‹· ÷›ŸÊø·Æ‹·∞ ÒÊWÊ®‹·PÊ„Ìv‹· Ø ‹·æ ÷Ê”‹ƒÆ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Ê®‹·, CØ—ø·«ÖW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÷›Q Bo B√‹Ìº‘ƒ ‹·Òʧ. G–‹·r ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ› ‹‚ ‹‚ ÷ʇ⁄§‡ƒ Ò›Æʇ ? G–‹·r ÷Êa‹·c ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹·£§‡√Ê„‡ A–‹·r ΔQR ؇ ‹‚ ? ANAGRAM Bo®‹«›…®‹√Ê ±‹®‹®‹»…√‹· ‹ G«›… AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘¡·‡ £‡√‹∏ʇP‹·. C»… B ƒ‡£ ØüÏÌ´‹ CΔ…. Ø ‹·WÊ ∏ʇP›®‹–‹·r AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹fiÒ‹≈ üŸ‹”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. PÊΔ ‹‚ ‹–‹ÏW‹Ÿ‹ ◊Ì®Ê ©P‹„’b ‹fi‘P‹®‹»… C®Ê‡ ƒ‡£ø· ”‹≥´ÊÏW›X MOHANDASA KARAMACHANDA GANDHI GÌü ÷Ê”‹√‹Æ‹·∞ ؇w G–‹·r ÷Êa‹·c ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· ”›´‹¬ ʉ‡ A–‹rÆ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· PʇŸ‹«›XÒ‹·§. WÊ®›™Ò‹ √‹b‘®‹™ ±‹®‹W‹ŸÊ–‹·r WÊ„Òʧ‡ ? ”‹ƒ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 865 ! ”›Pʇ ? CÆ‹·∞ ÷ʇŸ‹∏ʇPÊÌ®‹√Ê “CREATE“ GÆ‹·∞ ‹ JÌ®‹· bP‹R ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ 34 ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· ”›´‹¬ ›X®Ê. PSALTER GÆ‹·∞ ‹ ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ 273 ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· ”›´‹¬ ›X®Ê. ‘NOAH WEBSTER’ GÆ‹·∞ ‹ ÷Ê”‹ƒÆ‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ 2,500P‹„R ÷Êa‹·c ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹Δ· ”›´‹¬ ›X®Êø·ÌÒÊ ! ÷›WÊ¡·‡ CAMBRIDGE GÌü ±‹®‹®‹»…Æ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ 100P‹„R ÷Êa‹·c ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹ü÷‹·®›X®Ê. A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹»… PÊΔ ‹‚ ◊‡X Ê : a, am, be, car, card, dig, rid, beam, bride, bridge, image, ream, ridge, badger, crag, acre, admire, game, dear, read, dare, brig, crib, acare, braid, ride, scard, dream, dame, made, mead, mare, grid, raid, bard, bread, abide, bare, garb, mire, drab, amber, bier, bear, bird, grab, grace, gear, rice, race, crab, brace, bead, cram, grade, 120/English Language Games
±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ H~ Bo WORD LADDERS JÌ®‹· ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ ÒÊWÊ®‹·PÊ„Ìv‹· A®‹√‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹»… JÌ®‹Æ‹·∞ πo·r ‹·ÒÊ„§Ì®‹Æ‹·∞ ÷‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ÌÒ‹ ›X ”ʇƒ”‹·Ò›§ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹· ‹ Bo ‹Æ‹·∞ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ H~ Bo GÆ‹·∞Ò›§√Ê. ±‹®‹ ÷ʇWÊ ∏ʇP›®‹√Ê ÷›WÊ¡·‡ ∏ÊŸÊø·ü÷‹·®‹· CΔ… ʇ Ê„®‹»WÊ Ø‡v‹«›®‹ ±‹®‹®‹ À√‹·®‹ú A•‹Ï ؇v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹ ›Xø·„ ∏ÊŸÊø·ü÷‹·®‹·. C»… ÷‹Ò‹·§ ‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ C⁄ø·· ‹ (ASCENDING & DESCENDING) G√‹v‹„ P‹≈ ‹·W‹Ÿ‹„ C Ê. E®›÷‹√‹OÊWÊ :
WELL
MADE
SELL MACE SILL MICE SILK NICE SICK SAGE PAGE PALE PA LL POLL POOL FOOL
HEAD HEAL TEAL TELL TALL TAIL
ONE ORE ERE ERR EAR TAR TAN TEN
BLACK BLANK BLINK CLINK CHINK C H I NE WHINE WHITE
HEAD DEAD DEAR FEAR HEAR HEAT BEAT BOAT BOOT FOOT
COLD SOLD SOLE SALE PALE PAGE WAGE WAGS WARS WARM
WILL WILT WELT WENT W O N’T
COOL WOOL WOOD WORD WARD WARM
LOSE LONE LINE FINE FIND
HARD HART TART TORT SORT SOFT
RISE WISE WILE FILE FILL FALL
FAST FIST FIAT FLAT FLAW FLOW SLOW
Did is a word of Achievement. Might is a word of Bereavement. Should is a word of Duty. Will is a word of Beauty. 122/English Language Games
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Won’t is a word of Retreat. Can’t is a word of Defeat. Try is a word of Each Hour. Can is a word of Power.
±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ √‹À·æ ‹·Ò‹·§ ±‹®‹üÌ´‹ WORD RUMMY AND CROSSWORDS ؇ ‹‚ C‘≥‡pÖ G«ÊW‹⁄Ì®‹ √‹À·æ Bo Bv‹· ‹ ◊ƒø·√‹Æ‹·∞ ÆÊ„‡w√‹∏ʇP‹Δ… ʇ ? C‘≥‡oÆ‹·∞ ؇ ‹‚ ‹··or∏›√‹®ÊÌ®‹· A ‹√‹ P‹or±‹≥OÊ Ò›Æʇ ? ”‹ƒ, Ø ‹·æ®Ê‡ JÌ®‹· ÀÕʇ–‹ ›®‹ C‘≥‡pÖ ±›¬PÖ ‘®‹ú±‹w‘PÊ„Ìv‹√›¿·Ò‹· πw. C®‹· ®‹·v‹·x P‹qr ª‹À–‹¬ ÷›Ÿ‹· ‹fiwPÊ„Ÿ‹·¤ ‹ C‘≥‡pÖ ±›¬PÖ SÌwÒ› AΔ…. ü®‹«›X ±‹®‹”‹Ì±‹Ò‹§Æ‹·∞ W‹⁄‘PÊ„v‹· ‹, ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ √‹À·æ, ±‹®‹üÌ´‹ Bo Bv‹Δ· ”‹÷‹P‹ƒ”‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹ ±›¬PÖ. D ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ±›¬PÖ ‘®‹úWÊ„⁄”‹Δ· C»… £⁄‘√‹· ‹ ”‹√‹Ÿ‹ À´›Æ‹ AÆ‹·”‹ƒ‘. JÌ®‹· ®Ê„v‹x π⁄/÷‹Ÿ‹© PÊ. i. P›vÖÏ A•‹ › v›≈¿·ÌWÖ Œ‡pÖ ÒÊWÊ®‹·PÊ„Ìv‹· A®‹Æ‹·∞ ”‹ƒøfiX A´‹Ï ª›W‹ ›X P‹Ò‹§ƒ‘. ÷›WÊ¡·‡ ‹·Òʧ A´‹Ïª›W‹, ‹·Òʧ A´‹Ï ª›W‹ ‹fiw. ◊‡WÊ P‹Ò‹§ƒ”‹·Ò›§ ÷Ê„‡®‹ÌÒÊ ¥Ê‰‡”ÖrP›vÖÏ ”ÊÁiÆ‹ 32 P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹· ‘®‹ú ›W‹·Ò‹§ Ê. C ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹·Òʧ A´‹Ïª›W‹ ‹fiw®‹√Ê ”‹ƒ ”‹· ‹fi√‹· C‘≥pÖ P›vÖÏ W›Ò‹≈®‹ 64 P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹· Ø ‹·WÊ ‘W‹·Ò‹§ Ê. C ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹»… 62 P›v‹·ÏW‹⁄WÊ CÌX…–Ö ‹|Ï ‹fi«Êø· AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Ê®‹· E⁄®‹ 2 T›» P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹fi”‹r√Ö P›vÖÏ / hÊ„‡P‹√Ö BX üŸ‹”‹∏ʇP‹·. D hÊ„‡P‹√Ö P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹· øfi ‹‚®Ê‡ JÌ®‹· AP‹“√‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ ∏ʇP›®‹√‹„ ±‹≈£ Øó”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. B®‹√Ê C ‹‚W‹⁄WÊ SCORE C√‹· ‹‚©Δ…. øfi ‹ AP‹“√‹PÊR G–Êr–‹·r P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹· (NUMBER OF CARDS) ‹·Ò‹·§ A ‹‚W‹⁄WÊ ØW‹© ‹fiw√‹· ‹ AÌP‹ (SCORE) G–‹·r GÌü·®‹Æ‹·∞ D PÊŸ‹XÆ‹ ±‹qrø·»… ؇v‹«›X®Ê. D ±‹qrø· AÆ‹Ãø· ‘®‹ú ›®‹ P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹ ‹fi®‹ƒW›X bÒ‹≈&1 ÆÊ„‡wƒ. BoW›√‹√‹ ”‹ÌTʬ : 2ƒÌ®‹ 3 (64 P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹ JÌ®‹· ”ÊpÖWÊ) 3ƒÌ®‹ 5 (64 P›v‹·ÏW‹Ÿ‹ G√‹v‹· ”ÊpÖW‹⁄WÊ) A B C ‹ø·”‹·’ : 6ƒÌ®‹ 15 ‹–‹Ï
A B C 2
B
A
LETTER
CA A R R
NUMBER SCORE OF CARDS
LETTER NUMBER SCORE OF CARDS
DD
SS
S S
1
142/English Language Games
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N
4 2 2 2 5 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 2 3
1 2 3 2 1 4 2 4 1 8 5 1 3 1
3
C
1
O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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4 2 1 3 4 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 2
TOTAL
64
1 3 10 1 1 1 1 4 4 8 5 10 0
T
T
1
A
T
3
1
M
T
A
M
3
M
A
W
S
1
1
E
T A M E 1
1
E
1
A
1
T
E
D
O
G
D O G 2
1
O
D
1
2
G
E
1
3
T
T
S
A
M E A T M
D
E
E
S
E
1
E
1
S
H E R
E
S
5
1
M A T E
4
1
Y
M
M
W
S
2
G A M
Y
1
E
T
1
D
D P L A
T E A M 3
N O W
D
M
A
E
1
W O R
L
A
T
T
E
S
S B U I
E
T
S
E
F E A
T
A
T A S
S
M
C L A
S
Y
E
1 2
1
2
P
G
F I E
F L A
L
E
D
D
E
2
1
D
2
D
M
E
L
D
1
D
D
G O D G
LZ
O
3
2
S
S S
P
G
P
G
1
C H I
L
E
G
L
L G I R
S L E
N
O
G O I
A
D
F I N
(bÒ‹≈ & 2) English Language Games/145
a n 4
rd4
a l 3
r e
i l
1
3
b s
d e
1
2
pe gs1 53mo nk1 3fo il3 1di es1 1ca rt3 1ba 3 2 3 h h d p s !! i o u o e ? e n n l !! d s g ? d 2 1 1 2 ot3 3go ws2 3fi le1 1lo ng1 3re st1 1ra 2 2 1 1 1 d s m t c o a a o a w m r l i n s s e n 3 4 4 1 5 in5 2bo rn4 1la rk3 2do ze5 ?!! at3 5hi 1 2 4 1 1 h p r w w a u o a e z o s !! e t h ? 5 4 1 am5 3de ms4 2be st1 1ra lt2 3mu 3 1 1 4 f b l t i a e o s r w k t f k k s e s t 4 3 2 2 3 1 ad3 3mi ce3 3se nd1 2he al3 3ru ns1 1ha te1 4hu 3 2 2 5 3 2 k d l w s t i a i o i a 3 1
(bÒ‹≈ & 3) ‹fi®‹ƒ Bo English Language Games/167
SCRIPPS NATIONAL SPELLING BEE
2009
2010
2009√‹ A Ê·ƒP‹®‹ Æ›¬–‹Æ‹«Ö ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ π‡ ”‹≥´ÊÏø·»… ÀhʇҋŸ›®‹ Ê·Á”‹„√‹· ‹·„Δ®‹ ÷‹·v‹·X P› ‹¬ Œ ‹Õ‹ÌP‹√Ö, 2010√‹ ”‹≥´ÊÏø·»… ±‹≈•‹ ‹· ”›ßÆ‹W‹⁄‘®‹ aÊÆÊ∞$Á ‹·„ΔP‹ AÆ›À·P› À‡√‹ ‹·~ ÷›WÊ¡·‡ D ‹··ÌbÆ‹ ÷‹Ò‹·§ ‹–‹ÏW‹Ÿ‹»… GÌo· ∏›ƒ ±‹≈•‹ ‹·”›ßÆ‹ W‹⁄‘®‹ ª›√‹£‡ø· ‹·„Δ®‹ ±‹‚p›~W‹Ÿ‹· ª›√‹£‡ø· ü·©ú ‹·Òʧø· A±‹√‹„±‹®‹ ±‹≈£‡P‹W‹Ÿ›X®›™√Ê. 2010√‹»… ±‹≈•‹ ‹· ”›ßÆ‹W‹⁄‘®‹ AÆ›À·P›⁄WÊ pÊ„≈‡μ¡„Ì©WÊ ‘P‹R Jo·r ü÷‹· ‹fiÆ‹®‹ Ê„Ò‹§ ”‹ƒ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 40,200 v›Δ√ÖW‹Ÿ‹· ! ©Ã£‡ø· ”›ßÆ‹®‹ ‹ƒWÊ 20,000 v›Δ√ÖW‹Ÿ‹· ! AÌ£ ‹· Zor Ò‹Δ·≤®‹ G«›… ”‹ñ©ÏW‹⁄W‹„ P‹Ø–‹r 500 v›Δ√Ö ü÷‹· ‹fiÆ‹! JŸÊ¤ø· ±Ê‰≈Ò›’÷‹, AΔ… ʇ ? 1925√‹»… Δ„¿·”ÖÀ«Ê…ø· The Courier Journa B√‹Ìº‘®‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ π‡ ”‹≥´ÊÏø·Æ‹·∞ E.W. Scripps Company ‹◊‘PÊ„Ìv‹· Scripps Howard National Spelling Bee GÌü ÷Ê”‹ƒÆÊ„Ì©WÊ T›¬£W‹⁄‘, DW‹ Scripps National Spelling Bee GÌü A Ê·ƒP›®‹ ‹·P‹RŸ‹ Aa‹·c Ê·bcÆ‹ ”‹≥´ÊÏøfiX √‹„±‹‚WÊ„Ìw®Ê. 2010√‹»… Æ‹vÊ®‹ 83Æʇ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ π‡ ”‹≥´ÊÏø·»… A Ê·ƒP›, PÊÆ‹v›, Ê·Q’PÊ„, g Ê·ÁP‹, Æ‹„¬iÇ«ÊÌvÖ, W‹·B ‹ÂÖ, ‹iÏÆÖ ©Ã‡±‹W‹Ÿ‹·, ”‹ Ê„‡A, [›Æ›, g ‹·ÏØ, ®‹Q“| PÊ„ƒøfi ‹·Ò‹·§ ü÷› ‹fi”Ö ®Ê‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹ ‹·P‹RŸ‹· ª›W‹ ‹◊‘®‹™√‹·. ”‹ß⁄‡ø· ÷›W‹„ √›–‹Û ‹·or®‹ ”‹≥´ÊÏW‹⁄WÊ AóP‹ÍÒ‹ ›®‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ±‹qrø·Æ‹·∞ Webster’s Third New International Dictionary (Unabridged) ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ Spell It ”‹ÌP‹ΔÆ‹©Ì®‹ Bø··™PÊ„Ÿ‹¤«›W‹·£§®Ê. ”‹≥´ÊÏø·»… ±‹®‹ ʉ̮‹Æ‹·∞ K© ÷ʇŸ‹«›W‹·£§®‹·™ ”‹≥óÏW‹Ÿ‹· B ±‹®‹®‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ AÆ‹·∞ £⁄”‹∏ʇP‹·. ±‹®‹ øfi ‹‚®‹· GÌü·®‹Æ‹·∞ £⁄®‹·PÊ„Ÿ‹¤Δ· ”‹≥óÏø·· B ±‹®‹®‹ ›¬Tʬ‡ (Definition), ›¬P›¬ÌÕ‹ (Part of speech), ›P‹¬®‹»… ±‹®‹®‹ üŸ‹PÊ (Use in sentence), ‹‚¬Ò‹≥£§ (Etymology). B ±‹®‹®‹ ±‹øfiÏø· Ea›c√‹W‹Ÿ‹· (Alternate pronunciations). ±‹®‹®‹ ‹·„Δ (Root) ‹··ÌÒ›®‹ À ‹√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Pʇ⁄ £⁄ø·Δ· A ‹P›Õ‹À®Ê. G√‹v‹· ‹√Ê ØÀ·–‹ P›«› ‹P›Õ‹®‹»… C–Êr«›… P‹”‹√‹Ò‹·§ Æ‹vÊ®‹· ”‹ƒøfi®‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ ÷ʇ⁄®‹ ‹·W‹· WÊΔ·…Ò‹§®Ê. ÷‹©ÆÊÁ®‹· ‹–‹Ï ®›q√‹®‹, ‹·„√‹Æʇ WÊ≈‡vÖØÌ®‹ GÌoÆʇ WÊ≈‡vÖ ‹√ÊXÆ‹ À®›¬¶ÏW‹Ÿ‹· D ”‹≥´ÊÏø·»… ª›W‹ ‹◊”‹·£§®‹·™ Aøfiø· WÊ≈‡wÆ‹ ‹·P‹R⁄W›X¡·‡ ±‹≈Òʬ‡P‹ ‹fi®‹ƒ ±‹®‹±‹qrø·Æ‹·∞ ؇v‹«›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. Ø©Ï–‹r ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ Ea‹cƒ‘®›W‹ ”‹ƒøfi®‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ ÷ʇ⁄®‹ ‹·P‹RŸ‹· ‹··Ì©Æ‹ ÷‹ÌÒ‹PÊR B¡·RøfiW‹·Ò›§√Ê. AÌ£ ‹· ÷‹ÌÒ‹®‹ ”‹≥óÏW‹⁄W‹„ ±‹‰ ‹Ï ‘®‹úÒÊW›X ±‹®‹±‹qrø·Æ‹·∞ ؇v‹«›X√‹·Ò‹§®Êøfi®‹√‹„ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ B¡·R P‹t| ›X√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. 2010√‹»… Æ‹vÊ®‹ AÌ£ ‹· ”‹·£§Æ‹»… ”‹≥óÏW‹⁄WÊ PʇŸ‹«›X®‹™ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹»… AÒ‹¬ÌÒ‹ P‹t| GØ‘®‹ ±‹®‹W‹⁄ ‹‚: confiserie, netsuke, leishmanic, gnocchi, infundibuliform, epiphysis, tailleur, aguinaldo, terribilita, rhytidome, ochidore, juvia, stromuhr. ÷Ê„‡»‘ ÆÊ„‡wPÊ„⁄¤ ! Æ‹ ‹·æ ±‹®‹ ”‹Ì±‹Ò‹·§ G—r®Ê AÌÒ‹ DW‹«›®‹√‹„ WÊ„Ò›§ø·§«›… ! ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖ π‡ ”‹≥´ÊÏW‹Ÿ‹ üWÊY ÷ÊbcÆ‹ ‹fi◊£W›X D AÌÒ‹√‹h›ΔÒ›|W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ªÊ‡q ‹fiw: www.spellingbee.com
www.indiaspellbee.com
170/English Language Games
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelling_bee
π‡”‹~WÊ ±‹®‹ ±‹qrW‹Ÿ‹· & 2 FAN CARDS OF WORDS - 2
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Ê·‡»Æ‹ bP‹R a‹P‹≈W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ v‹ø·«Ö ‹fiv‹·Ò›§ ÷Ê„‡®‹ÌÒÊ JÌ®‹PÊ„RÌ®‹· ”‹ƒ÷Ê„Ì®‹· ‹ AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹· ÷Ê„Ì©PÊøfi®‹ÌÒÊ«›… ”‹ƒ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 50 ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· √‹a‹ÆÊøfiW‹·Ò‹§ Ê. ÷›WÊ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b”‹· ›W‹ ”‹„P‹§ ±‹®‹®‹ √‹a‹ÆÊø·· ”‹„P‹§ AP‹“√‹®‹ B¡·Rø·Æ‹·∞ A ‹ΔÌπ‘√‹·Ò‹§®Ê GÌü·®‹Æ‹·∞ W‹ ‹·Æ‹®‹»…ƒ‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤∏ʇP‹·. A®‹P‹„R Ê·‡»Æ‹ ®Ê„v‹x a‹P‹≈W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ £√‹·X”‹·Ò›§ ÷Ê„‡®‹ÌÒÊ«›… Æ‹„√›√‹· ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· Ò‹ ‹·æ–‹rPÊR‡ Ò› ʇ √‹bÒ‹ ›W‹·Ò‹§ Ê ! J Ê·æ ±‹≈ø·£∞‘ƒ. English Language Games/189
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (AFFIRMATIVE ) SENTENCES
NOTE : The letter “s” or letters “es” should be added to the verbs used with the Third Person Singular Subject. That is to say, if you use the Subjects like He, She, It or Ravi, Suma, Tony, Vazeer etc, then you have to add “s” or “es” to the verbs used with them. English Language Games/203
BOO
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Hello Sir! I would like to purchase some books on “Spoken English”. Could you suggest a few titles, please?
Well! You can take any book of your choice. There are so many on the shelves right in front of you. A few more books are suggested in this article too. Hope you find your choice book here. Good luck!
Hello! Will you send me a copy of “Applied English Course”, please?
ED APPLI SH ENGLI SE COUR E BEDR
Excuse me, Sir. Would you help me to find the frequency of BBC English Lessons, please? I need to listen to them.
Do you teach English Grammar in British Schools, Sir?
Yes. It is on Short Wave Meter Band 16, 19 and 25 bewteen 8.00 a.m. and 8.15. a.m.
Yes Sir! English is our mother tongue. Even then we teach English Grammar in British Schools. As a part of our general knowledge, grammar should be taught in schools. A good knowledge of grammar should help us use language more efficiently, both in our writing and speaking. It should encourage us to be precise and measured in our utterances. And, of course, knowledge of our own grammar will be especially helpful to us when we come to study foreign languages and their grammars. 212/English Language Games
›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· GAMES WITH SENTENCES
What’s a Sentence?
A Sentence is a word or group of words that gives full meaning and makes some sense.
Whaw! It is really nice. You are very kind, Dear. Are there any more bouquets? Please, get me one more. I love it.
How are you, Sir? I think you are the first person to climb this mountain, aren’t you? Do you join me for coffee?
A SENTENCE is a grammatically self contained speech unit consisting of a word or group of words that expresses an assertion (.), a question (?), a command /request / appeal (“..”), a wish or exclamation (!), that in writing usually begins with a capital letter and concludes with appropriate end punctuation, and that in speaking is phonetically distinguished by various patterns of stress, pitch and pauses.
Æ› ‹‚ ‹fiÒ‹Æ›v‹· ›W‹ üŸ‹”‹· ‹ ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ W‹ ‹·Ø‘. A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹»… PÊΔ ‹‚ B˛Ê ‹fiv‹· ‹ ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ›X√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. PÊΔ ‹‚ ±‹≈ÕÊ∞ PʇŸ‹· ‹ ›P‹¬W‹⁄√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. ‹·Òʧ PÊΔ ‹‚ Pʇ⁄®‹ ±‹≈ÕÊ∞W‹⁄WÊ EÒ‹§√‹ ؇v‹· ‹ ›P‹¬W‹⁄√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. Æ‹ ‹·æ ª› ‹ÆÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ A•‹ › AØ‘PÊW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ©{‡√‹ÆÊ ‹¬P‹§ ‹fiv‹· ‹ ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹„ C√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. C ʇ ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ CÌX…—Æ‹»…ø·„ E±‹¡„‡X”‹ü÷‹·®‹·. CÌX…–Ö ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ D ƒ‡£ ÀÌW‹w”‹«›X®Ê: 1. ”›®› / ”‹√‹Ÿ‹ ›P‹¬ ∂ Assertive Sentence 2. ±‹≈Õ›∞•‹ÏP‹ ›P‹¬ ∂ Interrogative Sentence 3. B˛›´›√‹P‹ ›P‹¬ ∂ Imperative Sentence 4. ª› ‹∏Ê„‡´‹P‹ ›P‹¬ ∂ Exclamatory Sentence 5. Õ‹·ª‹PÊ„‡ƒPÊø· ›P‹¬ -∂ Optative Sentence Æ› ‹‚ ‹fiÒ‹Æ›v‹· ›W‹ üŸ‹”‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ”‹√‹~ø·Æ‹·∞ ‹fiÒ‹· GÆ‹·∞Òʧ‡ Ê. A®‹Æ‹·∞ ü√‹÷‹ √‹„±‹®‹»… C⁄‘®›W‹ A®‹· ›P‹¬ ›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. Ø©Ï–‹r Õ‹ü™ ”‹ÌPʇҋW‹Ÿ‹ W‹·Ì±‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ›®‹√Ê, Ø©Ï–‹r A•‹Ï PÊ„v‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ W‹·Ì±‹‚ ›P‹¬ GØ‘PÊ„Ÿ‹·¤Ò‹§®Ê. CÌX…–ÖÆ‹»… A®‹Æ‹·∞ , “A sentence is a word or group of words that gives full meaning and makes some sense” GÌ®‹· ›¬T›¬Ø”‹«›W‹·Ò‹§®Ê. JÌ®‹· ›P‹¬ √‹b”‹∏ʇP›®‹√Ê A®‹PÊR JÌ®‹· P‹Ò‹Íϱ‹®‹, JÌ®‹· Q≈øfi±‹®‹ ∏ʇP‹·. P‹ ‹·Ï±‹®‹ C®‹™√‹„ Æ‹vÊø··Ò‹§®Ê. CÌX…–Ö ›P‹¬®‹»… JÌ®‹· P‹Ò‹Ïͱ‹®‹ ÷›W‹„ Q≈øfi±‹®‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ A®‹√‹ hÊ„ÒÊX√‹· ‹ P‹ ‹·Ï±‹®‹ ‹·£§Ò‹√Ê ÀÕʇ–‹|W‹⁄√‹· ‹ ›P›¬ÌW‹ C√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. A®‹Æ‹·∞ Subject ‹·Ò‹·§ Predicate GÌ®‹· ÀÌW‹w”‹«›X®Ê. English Language Games/213
PRACTICE
SESSION WITH DIFFERENT TENSE FORMS
I I I I
.................... am .................... have .................... have been ..............
(V ) 1 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
You .................. You are ................... You have ................... You have been ............
(V ) 1 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
Harry ................. Harry is ................. Harry has ................. Harry has been .........
I I I I
..................... was .................... had .................... had been ................
(V ) 2 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
You ................... You were ................. You had ................. You had been .............
(V ) 2 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
Harry ............ (V2) Harry was ............... (V+ing) Harry had ............... (P.P.) Harry had been.............. (V+ing)
I I I I
shall shall shall shall
.................... be................ have ........... have been ...
(V1) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
You You You You
I I I
have .................... (to +V ) 1 had ................... (to +V ) 1 shall have............ (to +V )
will ................ (V ) 1 will be................. (V+ing) will have .......... (P.P.) will have been ... (V+ing)
Harry Harry Harry Harry
will ................ will be ........... will have ......... will have been...
(V1 +s) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
(V1) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
You have ................... (to +V ) 1 You had ................ (to +V ) 1 You will have .......... (to +V1)
Harry has ............... (to +V1) Harry had .......... (to +V1) Harry will have ......... (to +V1)
(V1 +s) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
He He He He
.................... (V +s) 1 is .................... (V+ing) has ..................... (P.P.) has been ............ (V+ing)
Suni Suni Suni Suni
................... is ................. has ................ has been ........
(V1 +s) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
She .................... (V ) 2 She was .................... (V+ing) She had ..................... (P.P.) She had been ............... (V+ing)
He He He He
........................... was ...................... had ................. had been ...........
(V ) 2 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing)
Suni Suni Suni Suni
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She She She She
will ..................... (V1) will be.................... (V+ing) will have ............... (P.P.) will have been ...... (V+ing)
He He He He
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Suni Suni Suni Suni
will ............. (V1) will be ........... (V+ing) will have.......... (P.P.) will have been... (V+ing)
She has ..................... (to +V ) 1 She had .................... (to +V ) 1 She will have................ (to +V )
He He He
has .................... (to +V ) 1 had .................... (to +V ) 1 will have .......... (to +V )
Suni Suni Suni
has ............ (to +V1) had ............. (to +V1) will have ......... (to +V1)
We We We We We We We We We We
We We We We We They They They They They
shall have ........ shall have been... have ................... had ................... shall have .......... ................ are ................. have ................... have been ......... ....................
They They They They They They They They They They
were .............. had ............... had been ........... will .................. will be .......... will have ........ will have been .. have ................. had .................. will have .........
1
She .................... She is ................ She has .................... She has been ................
1
.................... (V ) 1 are .................... (V+ing) have .................... (P.P.) have been............... (V+ing) ...................... (V ) 2 were ....................... (V+ing) had...........................(P.P.) had been ................ (V+ing) shall ................... (V ) 1 shall be ............. (V+ing)
1
(P.P.) (V+ing) (to +V ) 1 (to +V ) 1 (to +V ) 1 (V ) 1 (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing) (V ) 2
(V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing) (V1) (V+ing) (P.P.) (V+ing) (to +V1) (to +V1) (to +V1)
Please do choose a verb and write the FIVE different forms of that verb. Now, choose the appropriate form of the verb and fill the same in the blanks given above. Good luck! English Language Games/267
CHANGE OF VOICE
punishes
punished V2
+
O + Be + P.P. Andy was punished He S
O
Be + P.P. +By+S is punished by him.
Andy He S
+
Andy. O
+
+
By + S by him.
will punish +
+
O
O + M.Ax.+ Be + P.P. + By + S Andy will be punished by him. I S +
am writing Be + (V+ing)
letters. +
O
O+ Be +Being + P.P. + By + S Letters are being written by me. I
have written
letters.
S +
Have + (P.P.)
+ O
O + Have +Been + P.P. +By +S Letters have been written by me.
+
write V1
letters. + O
O + Letters
Be + P.P. +By+S are written by me.
I S
wrote V2
+
letters. +
O
O+ Be + P.P. +By+S Letters were written by me.
Andy.
M.Ax. + V1
I S
PAST
+
V
FUTURE
O
1
CONTINUOUS
+
Andy.
PERFECT
He S
PRESENT
READY RECKONER
I shall write S + M.Ax. + V1 +
letters. O
O+ M.Ax.+Be + P.P. + By + S Letters will be written by me. I
was
writing
S +
Be + (V+ing)
letters. +
O
O + Be +Being + P.P. + By + S Letters were being written by me. I S +
had written Have + (P.P.)
letters. + O
O + Have +Been + P.P. +By +S Letters had been written by me. English Language Games/271
›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ü√Êø·· ‹ Ê„®‹Δ· D bÒ‹≈ ‹Æ‹·∞ JÌ®‹√ÊZ⁄WÊ ÆÊ„‡w. W‹ ‹·Æ‹Ào·r ÆÊ„‡w®›W‹ A®‹· HÆ‹· ? G»…®Ê ? øfi√‹· Ò‹Ì®‹®‹·™ ? G»…Ì®‹ Ò‹Ì®‹®‹·™ ? øfiPÊ Ò‹Ì®‹®‹·™ ? ◊‡WÊ HÆÊ«›… ±‹≈ÕÊ∞W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Pʇ⁄®›W‹ Æ‹ ‹·WÊ ®Ê„√Êø·· ‹ EÒ‹§√‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ JÌ®‹√‹ ±‹P‹R®‹»… JÌ®‹√‹ÌÒÊ ü√Ê©v‹·Ò›§ üÌ®‹√Ê A®Ê‡ JÌ®‹· ±›¬√›, AΔ… ʇ ? D BoP‹›RX ؇ ‹‚ øfi ‹‚®Ê‡ bÒ‹≈ ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤ü÷‹·®‹·. ∏ÊÌQP‹wx bÒ‹≈W‹Ÿ‹· (Match-Stick Drawing), p›¬ÆÖW›≈$¬ÌW‹Ÿ‹· D BoPÊR ÷Êa‹·c ”‹÷‹P›ƒ. PÊΔ ‹‚ E®›÷‹√‹OÊW‹Ÿ‹· C»… Ê. C®‹√‹ÌÒÊ¡·‡ ؇ ‹‰ bÒ‹≈W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ √‹b‘PÊ„Ìv‹· Bv‹ü÷‹·®‹·.
CONTENT WORDS
CONTENT WORDS NOUNS : a house, a tree VERBS : is, are (be)
NOUNS VERBS
: a bicycle : is, are (be),
STRUCTURES
STRUCTURES
S + Be + S. Complement Subject + Verb + Object Subject + Be + (V + ing) + Object
S + Be + S. Complement Subject + Verb + Object Subject + Be + (V + ing) + Object
What is that? That is a house. Is it a big house? No, it is a small house. Is it a single house? Yes, it is a single house. Where is it? It is near the stadium. Whose house is it? It is Mr. Chayapathi’s house. Who is Chayapathi? He is a Professor of English. Where does he work? He works in the Govt. Degree College. Do you know him? Yes, he is my friend for the last 25 years. Do you visit his house often? Yes, of course, I go to his house on every Sunday for discussion. Is there a libry in that house ? Yes, there is a library with more than 10,000 books. 284/English Language Games
What is that? That is a bicycle. Is it a sports bicycle? Yes, it is a sports bicycle. Is it costly? Yes, it is very costly. Whose bicycle is it? It is Mr. Sumanth’s bicycle. Who is Sumanth? He is a national level cycling champion. Where does he practice? He practices at our stadium. Has he won any prize? Yes, he has won a lot of prizes. Do you know him? Yes, he is my friend for the last 10 years. Do you go with him for cycling? No, I cannot compete with him. He is a high speed cyclist. I can’t catch him up. Is he a student ? Yes, he is a student of B.Sc., in the Government college.
SO EASY TO SPEAK IN ENGLISH ! Well, it is very simple, my boy. All you have to do is fill up the blanks given below and read aloud. It is your family tree. You know all the names of your family members and relatives. Just fill them and get introduced. This is the beginning of Spoken English activity too. Do you follow me? Well, Good Luck!
Sir, could you tell me how to introduce mysrelf to you, please?
Please do fill the blanks from the bottom of the page and start reading. Isn’t it easy? Try it ! I love to ........................................................
I don't like .......................................................
I like movies ................................................
I watch ..................................................serials
I read ........................................newspaper
I read .............................................magazines
My grand father is ......................................
My grand mother is .......................................
My uncle is ..................................................
My aunt is .......................................................
My father is .................................................
My mother is ..................................................
My brother is ...............................................
My sister is ......................................................
I live in .............................at.........................
My phone no. is .............................................
I have completed ......................................
I like..................................................................
I am...........................................years old.
I am studying in .............................................
I am ................................................................
O WH E AR ? U YO My Family Tree 294/English Language Games
WH AR O TH E EY ? Vamsha Vryuksha
P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö ‹·Ò‹·§ AÌÒ‹√‹h›Δ®‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹· COMPUTER AND INTERNET GAMES
P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö ÆÊ„‡w®‹ P‹„v‹«Ê‡ ‹·P‹R⁄WÊ A®‹√‹»… Wʇ ‹ÂÖ’ Bv‹· ‹ EÒ›’÷‹ ! A®‹P›RX¡·‡ ΔP›“ÌÒ‹√‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹„ ”‹Í—røfiX Ê ! WÊΔ·… ‹ √‹·b ÷‹£§”‹· ‹, ”‹®› a‹o· ‹qPÊ¿·Ì®‹ P‹„w√‹· ‹ÌÒÊ ‹fiv‹· ‹ D P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö Wʇ ‹ÂÖ’ AÌPÊ Ò‹≤≥®‹√Ê ‹fi√‹P‹ ‹‰ BW‹üΔ… ‹‚. P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö Wʇ ‹ÂÖ JÌ®‹PÊR hÊ„‡Ò‹·π®‹·™, A®Ê‡ ‹¬”‹Æ‹®‹»… K®‹·, ü√‹÷‹, Fo GΔ… ‹Æ‹„∞ ‹·√ÊÒ‹ ‹√‹„ C®›™√Ê. øfi√Ê„‡ J∏›∫Ò‹ ”‹Ò‹Ò‹ 72 W‹ÌpÊW‹Ÿ‹ P›Δ P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö Bo Bw, PÊ„ÆÊWÊ Bv‹·Ò‹§«Ê‡ A«Ê…‡ ±›≈| πorÆ‹ÌÒÊ ! A–Ê„rÌ®‹· A±›ø·P›ƒ D BoW‹Ÿ‹·. B®‹√Ê C ʇ P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö BoW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ±›s‹P‹„R üŸ‹‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤Δ· ü√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö üWÊY ‹·P‹RŸ‹»… B”‹Q§ PÊ√‹⁄”‹· ‹‚ ʇ D P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö BoW‹Ÿ‹·. Pʇ ‹Δ 20 √‹„±›¿·W‹⁄WÊ ®Ê„√Êø·· ‹ a‹Ì±‹P‹ GÌü ‹·P‹RŸ‹ CÌX…–Ö ±›¸P‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ A®‹√‹ hÊ„ÒÊWÊ EbÒ‹ ›X ؇v‹«›W‹· ‹ Bo®‹ ‘.w.ø·»… ±‹≈£∏›ƒø·„ P‹Ø–‹r 25 BoW‹Ÿ‹· hÊ„ÒÊWÊ ±‹gÇ«Ö’ , ؇ ʇ ‹fiw ÆÊ„‡v‹· ‹ ‹fi®‹ƒW‹Ÿ‹· GΔ… ‹‰ Av‹P‹ ›X√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. ü|° Ò‹·Ìü· ‹, P‹Ò‹§ƒ‘ hÊ„‡w”‹· ‹, ÷Ê„”‹ ‹fi®‹ƒW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ØÀ·Ï”‹· ‹ BoW‹Ÿ‹„ C√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. PÊΔ Ê‰ Ê·æ D ”‹ÌTʬ 100Æ‹„∞ ®›o·Ò‹§®Ê. wipÖ, b±Ö, P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö o·vʇ, P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö ƒ¥Ê≈–‹√Ö, ‘»P›ÆÖ ‘q Ê„®‹«›®‹ P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√Ö À–‹ø·PÊR ”‹ÌüÌó‘®‹ ‹fi¬W‹ƒk·ÆÖ hÊ„ÒÊWÊ Ø‡v‹«›W‹· ‹ ‘.w. ‹·Ò‹·§ w.À.w.W‹Ÿ‹Δ„… P‹„v‹ Æ‹„√›√‹· BoW‹⁄√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. AÆʇP‹ Interactive CDW‹Ÿ‹»… À ‹√‹OÊ¡„Ì©Wʇ BoW‹Ÿ‹„ ÷‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ÌÒ‹ ›X ÒÊ√Ê®‹·PÊ„Ÿ‹·¤Ò‹§ Ê. JÌ®‹· BoW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹··X‘®‹ Ê·‡«Ê ‹··Ì©Æ‹ ÷‹ÌÒ‹PÊR ”›W‹Δ· ”‹„a‹ÆÊ ü√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. English Language Games/303
±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ , ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ K®‹· ‹ ±ÊÆ‹·∞ QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒ (Quicktionary II)
JÌ®‹· ±‹‚or ±ÊÆÖ Ø ‹·W›X ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ K©®‹√Ê ? A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹ A•‹ÏW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ £⁄”‹Δ· B ±ÊØ∞Æ‹ Ê·‡«Ê C√‹· ‹ ±‹‚or ±‹√‹®Êø·»… AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹·, ‹fi◊£ ‹·„w®‹√Ê ? B ‹fi◊£ø·Æ‹„∞ P‹„v‹ A®Ê‡ ±ÊÆÖ K© £⁄‘®‹√Ê ? K÷Ö ! G–Ê„rÌ®‹· aÊÆ›∞X√‹·Òʧ , AΔ… ʇ ? ÷Ë®‹·. C®‹· DW‹ ”›´‹¬ ›X®Ê. Æ‹„¬ƒk·«ÊÌwÆ‹ I.T. Education Company New Zealand Limited P‹Ì±‹Ø QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒ - II (Quicktionary II) GÌü ÷Ê”‹ƒÆ‹ ±‹‚or ±ÊØ∞Æ‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ À®‹·¬Æ›æÆ‹ ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ K®‹· ‹ ø·ÌÒ‹≈ ‹Æ‹·∞ ‹fi√‹·P‹pÊrWÊ Ò‹Ì©®Ê. QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒ (QÃPÖ + wPÖ“Æ‹ƒ) (Quick + Dictionary = Quicktionary) P‹|·° À·o·Q”‹· ‹‚®‹√Ê„Ÿ‹W›X Æ‹ ‹·WÊ ∏ʇP›®‹ ±‹®‹®‹ A•‹Ï ‹Æ‹·∞ , ±‹‰√‹P‹ ‹fi◊£ø·Æ‹·∞ J®‹X”‹· ‹ hʇπÆ‹»…o·rPÊ„Ÿ‹¤ü÷‹·®›®‹ ±‹‚or À®‹·¬Æ›æÆ‹ E±‹P‹√‹| ›X®Ê. ü÷‹·Õ‹@ JÌ®‹· Ê„∏ÊÁ«Ö ¥Ê‰‡ØÆ‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ D E±‹P‹√‹|®‹ ±ÊØ∞Æ‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ ®‹±‹≥ÆÊø· Ò‹·©ø·»… ±‹®‹/ ›P‹¬W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ K®‹· ‹ÌÒ‹÷‹ ”›R$¬Æ‹√Ö C√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. Æ› ‹‚ ±‹®‹ ʉ̮‹√‹ Ê·‡«Ê A•‹ › ›P‹¬ ʉ̮‹√‹ Ê·‡«Ê D ±ÊÆ‹∞Æ‹·∞ Co·r WÊ√Ê GŸÊ®‹ÌÒÊ B ±‹®‹®‹ Ê·‡«Ê Kw‘®‹»… B ±‹®‹ A•‹ › ›P‹¬ QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒø· ±‹√‹®Êø·»… ‹·„v‹·Ò‹§®Ê. A®‹√‹»…√‹· ‹ W‹·ÌwW‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ J£§ B ±‹®‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ K®‹· ‹‚®Ê„‡, A•‹Ï ÷‹·v‹·P‹· ‹‚®Ê„‡ CΔ… ʇ A®‹Æ‹·∞ ‹·ÒÊ„§Ì®‹· ª›–ÊWÊ ª›–›ÌÒ‹ƒ”‹· ‹‚®Ê„‡ ‹fiv‹ü÷‹·®‹·. Pʇ ‹Δ JÌ®‹· W‹·Ìw JÒ‹·§ ‹‚®‹ƒÌ®‹ C®ÊΔ… ‹‰ ”›´‹¬ ! P‹–‹r ±‹v‹· ‹ ±‹≈ Ê·‡ø· ʇ CΔ… . K®‹· ∏›√‹®‹ ‹√‹„ CÌÒ‹÷‹ J̮ʄ̮‹· QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒø·Æ‹·∞ PÊ„Ìv‹· ‹fi®‹ƒ ±›s‹ ‹Æ‹·∞ Ò‹ ‹·æ–‹rPÊR Ò› ʇ ÷ʇ⁄PÊ„Ÿ‹¤ü÷‹·®‹· ! P‹–‹rP‹√‹ GØ‘√‹· ‹ CÌX…–‹Æ‹·∞ ”‹·Δª‹ ›X P‹»ø·ü÷‹·®‹·. C®‹√‹»… Av‹P‹ ›X√‹· ‹ Text -to - Speech GÌü Ò‹ÌÒ›≈ÌÕ‹®‹ ÆÊ√‹ÀØÌ®‹ C®‹· ”›´‹¬ ›X®Ê. CÌX…–Ö ª›–Êø·Æ‹·∞ ”‹·Δª‹ ›X K© ÷ʇŸ‹· ‹ D K®‹·ø·ÌÒ‹≈ ”‹´‹¬®‹»…¡·‡ ¥Ê≈ÌaÖ, g ‹·ÏÆÖ, «›¬qÆÖ, ”›≥$¬Ø–Ö, ±Ê‰‡a‹·ÏX‡”Ö, English Language Games/339
vʇؖÖ, ◊‡ü„≈, b‡Ø‡, g±›Ø‡ ª›–ÊW‹Ÿ‹»…ø·„ Δª‹¬ ›W‹· ‹‚®‹ÌÒÊ. ü÷‹·ÒʇP‹ D G«›… E±‹P‹√‹|W‹Ÿ‹»… Bøfi ª›–Êø· hÊ„ÒÊWÊ CÌX… – Ö P‹„v‹ C®‹·™ ©Ã&ª›–› K®‹·ø·ÌÒ‹≈W‹Ÿ›W‹· ‹ ”›´‹¬ÒÊW‹⁄ Ê. P‹Æ‹∞ v ‹PÊR CÌÒ‹÷‹ ª›W‹¬ GÌ®‹· üÌ©‡ÒÊ„‡ ! QÃPÖ“Æ‹ƒø·»… DW›W‹«Ê‡ 2,40,000 ©Ì®‹ 4,80,000 ‹√ÊWÊ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ Av‹P‹WÊ„⁄‘®‹·™ JÌ®‹· üÍ÷‹ÒÖ ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹®‹ GΔ… ΔP‹“|W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹„∞ JŸ‹WÊ„Ìw®Ê ÷›W‹„ B G«›… ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ W‹·√‹·£‘ P‹“O›´‹Ï®‹»… K®‹· ‹ ”› ‹·•‹¬Ï ÷Ê„Ì©®Ê. ©Ã&ª›–› üŸ‹PÊWÊ ‹¬ ‹”Êßø·„ C®Ê. ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 163 À·. À·‡. E®‹™ , 36À·.À·‡. AW‹Δ ‹·Ò‹·§ 24 À·.À·‡. GÒ‹§√‹ (6.5 CÌa‹· E®‹™ + 1.4 CÌa‹· AW‹Δ +1 CÌa‹· GÒ‹§√‹) C√‹· ‹ D E±‹P‹√‹| ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 90 W›≈ ‹ÂÖ ( ‹·„√‹· LÆÖ’ ) Ò‹„P‹®›™X®‹·™ ‹·„√‹· ±‹‚or ∏›¬oƒW‹Ÿ‹ ”‹÷›ø·©Ì®‹ Æ‹vÊø··Ò‹§®Ê. JÌ®‹· ”›»Æ‹»… 20 AP‹“√‹W‹Ÿ‹· P›|»®‹·™ AÌÒ‹÷‹ ‹·„√‹· ”›Δ·W‹Ÿ‹· C®‹√‹ 122x 32 pixels ±‹√‹®Êø·»… ‹·„v‹·Ò‹§ Ê. ÷ÊbcÆ‹ AŸ‹ÒÊø· ±‹√‹®ÊW›X ”‹ÌÕÊ„‡´‹ÆÊ ‹··Ì®‹· ‹√Ê©®Ê. ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 50 ƒÌ®‹ 100 ±‹‚oW‹Ÿ‹–‹·r ‹fi◊£ø·Æ‹·∞ C®‹√‹ ÆÊÆ‹≤Æ‹ PÊ„‡Õ‹®‹»… E⁄‘PÊ„Ÿ‹¤Δ· ‹·Ò‹·§ ∏ʇPÊÌ®›W‹ P‹Ì±‹‰¬o√ÖWÊ ‹W‹Ï ‹fiv‹Δ· ü√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. ±‹√‹®Êø· Ê·‡«Ê ‹·„w√‹· ‹ ‹fi◊£ / ”›Δ·W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ K© ÷ʇŸ‹Δ· A®‹√‹»…¡·‡ ±‹‚or ‘≥‡P‹√Ö C®Ê. hÊ„ÒÊWÊ ±‹≈Òʬ‡P‹ Cø·√Ö&¥Ê‰‡ÆÖ AŸ‹ ‹wPÊø· ”ËΔª‹¬ ‹‰ C®‹√‹»…®Ê. BPÖ’¥‹vÖÏ ÀÕ‹ÃÀ®›¬Δø·®‹ ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹W‹ŸÊ‡ AΔ…®Ê CÒ‹√Ê T›¬Ò‹ ±‹≈P›Õ‹Æ‹W‹Ÿ‹ ÀÀ´‹ ƒ‡£ø· ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹‘PÊ„Ìw√‹· ‹, Quick-Pen.com ”‹Ì”Êßø·· ÷Ê„√‹Ò‹Ì©√‹· ‹ New Readling Pen Oxford, Reading Pen & Dictionary, Translating Pen, Research Pen, Super Pen, Quicktionary English Reading Pen II W‹Ÿ‹· ”› ‹fiÆ‹¬ À®›¬¶ÏW‹⁄WÊ, ŒP‹“P‹ƒWÊ, gÆ‹”› ‹fiÆ‹¬ƒW‹–Êr‡ ‘‡À·Ò‹ ›X√‹®Ê P‹»P› Æ‹„¬Æ‹¬ÒÊ¿·Ì®‹ üŸ‹Δ·£§√‹ ‹ ‹ƒW‹„ E±‹¡„‡W‹PÊR ü√‹·Ò‹§ Ê. ∏Ê«Ê P‹„v‹ ”‹´‹¬PÊR ”‹ÃΔ≥ ®‹·∏›ƒ¡·‡ & ”‹· ‹fi√‹· 100 ƒÌ®‹ 300 v›Δ√‹·W‹Ÿ‹·. D P‹·ƒÒ‹· ÷ÊbcÆ‹ ‹fi◊£W›X AÌÒ‹h›ÏΔ®‹»…Æ‹ www.google.com Æ‹»… QuicktionaryGÌ®‹· Æ‹ ‹·„©‘ ÷‹·v‹·P‹ü÷‹·®‹· A•‹ › D PÊΔ ‹‚ h›ΔÒ›|W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ”‹Ì±‹QÏ”‹ü÷‹®‹·: www.quick-pen.com www.eurocosm.com
www.wizcomtech.com www.worldlanguage.com
www.amazon.com www.rehabmart.com
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Dictionary / Free Online Dictionary
www.askoxford.com
340/English Language Games
www.onelook.com
www.freedictionary.com
AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH WORDS Yummy! American English is very easy. I’m loving it!
Hurrah! British English is perfect. I love it.
A Ê·ƒP‹ ‹·Ò‹·§ CÌWÊ…ÌvÖW‹Ÿ‹»… CÌX…–ÖÆ‹·∞ GΔ…√‹„ üŸ‹‘®‹√‹„ D G√‹v‹· ®Ê‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹ gÆ‹√‹· üŸ‹”‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖÆ‹»… ‹·Ò‹·§ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹ √‹„±‹®‹»…¡·‡ ªÊ‡®‹À√‹· ‹‚®‹· P‹Ìv‹·ü√‹·Ò‹§®Ê. ª›√‹£‡ø·ƒWÊ G√‹v‹„ ®Ê‡Õ‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ ü√‹·£§√‹· ‹ ±‹‚”‹§P‹W‹Ÿ‹·, ±‹®‹PÊ„‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹·, ÀÕ‹ÃPÊ„‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹· ‹·Ò‹·§ ÷‹Δ ›√‹· À–‹ø·W‹Ÿ‹ ÷Ê„Ò‹§WÊW‹Ÿ‹»… üŸ‹”‹«›X√‹· ‹ ”Ê≥»…ÌWÖÆ‹»… C√‹· ‹ ‹¬Ò›¬”‹W‹⁄Ì®‹ øfi ‹ √‹„±‹ ”‹ƒ, øfi ‹‚®‹· ”‹ƒø·Δ… GÌü AÆ‹· ‹fiÆ‹ B√‹Ìª‹ ›X, ÷ÊbcÆ‹ÌÕ‹ π≈qÕÖ CÌX…–Ö ”Ê≥»…ÌW‹ÆÊ∞‡ ‹fi®‹ƒøfiX üŸ‹”‹·£§®›™√Ê. À®›¬¶ÏW‹⁄WÊ D AÆ‹· ‹fiÆ‹ ”‹÷‹g. A®‹P›RX¡·‡ D ±‹qrø·»… G√‹v‹„ ®Ê‡Õ‹W‹Ÿ‹ ª›–ÊW‹Ÿ‹»… ”› ‹fiÆ‹¬ ›X üŸ‹”‹«›W‹· ‹ PÊΔ ‹‚ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· ‹·Ò‹·§ A ‹‚W‹Ÿ‹»…Æ‹ ªÊ‡®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ ÒÊ„‡ƒ”‹«›X®Ê. C»…√‹· ‹ ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹· ‹fiÒ‹≈ ”‹ƒ A•‹ › Ò‹±‹‚≥ GÌ®‹· ª›À”‹∏›√‹®‹·. ‹fi◊£W›X ‹fiÒ‹≈ ÆÊ„‡v‹ü÷‹·®‹·. üŸ‹PÊø· B¡·R Ø ‹·æ®Ê‡ Ò›Æʇ ? Æ› ‹‚ D G√‹v‹„ ±‹®‹±‹qrW‹⁄Ì®‹ G–Êr–‹·r ±‹®‹W‹Ÿ‹Æ‹·∞ üŸ‹”‹·£§®Ê™‡ Ê. øfi ‹‚®‹· ”‹ƒ ? ؇ ʇ ÆÊ„‡w. AMERICAN
BRITISH
AMERICAN
BRITISH
alumnus antenna anyplace apartment attorney automobile baby-carriage bar billboard billfold broiler cab
graduate aerial (T.V.) anywhere flat barrister, solicitor (motor) car pram pub hoarding wallet grill taxi
call collect
reverse charges (while telephoning) tin sweets draughts cupboard purse biscuit maize anti-clockwise mad cot
344/English Language Games
can candy checkers closet coin-purse cookie corn counter-clockwise crazy crib
PLAY AND LEARN SPOKEN AND WRITTEN
ENGLISH THROUGH
LANGUAGE GAMES (EAVèμï ¨sÁμÁ DlUÀ¼ÄÀ ) An Illustrated Handbook of Word Power, Language Games, Activities and TLM for Students, Teachers, D.Ed. / B.Ed. / M.Ed. Trainees and Parents
BEDRE
MANJUNATHA
BEDRE FOUNDATION (SILVER JUBILEE YEAR 1985-2010)
Non-Formal Education, Reseach and Training Institute Sanskrithinagar, Teachers’ Colony, Chitradurga
Navakarnataka Publications Pvt. Ltd Embassy Centre, Crescent Road, Kumara Park (East) BANGALORE - 577 501 Ph.:080 - 22203580, 30578022, 30578023 e-mail : navakarnataka@gmail.com web: www.navakarnataka.com blog: http://navakarnataka.blogspot.com Price: 290/- + ( Postage Charges ) Navakarnataka Books are available on www.flipkart.com also