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glossary
Computer: A device that processes data. The device may be stand-alone (e.g., a tablet computer, smartphone, network server) or embedded in another device (e.g., a microcontroller in a missile, radar system, or aircraft). Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT): A team that provides initial emergency response aid and triage services to the victims or potential victims of cyber operations or cyber crimes, usually in a manner that involves coordination between private sector and government entities. These teams also maintain situational awareness about hacker activities and new developments in the design and use of malware, providing defenders of computer networks with advice on how to address security threats and vulnerabilities associated with those activities and malware. Computer Network: An information infrastructure used to permit computers to exchange data. The infrastructure may be wired (e.g., Ethernet, fibre-optic), wireless (e.g., Wi-Fi), or a combination of the two. Computer Resources: The storage, processing, and communications capacity of a computer. Computer System: One or more interconnected computers with associated software and peripheral devices. It can include sensors and/or (programmable logic) controllers, connected over a computer network. Computer systems can be general purpose (for example, a laptop) or specialized (for example, the ‘blue force tracking system’). Critical Infrastructure: Physical or virtual systems and assets under the jurisdiction of a State that are so vital that their incapacitation or destruction may debilitate a State’s security, economy, public health or safety, or the environment. Cyber: Connotes a relationship with information technology. Cyber Attack: See Rule 30. Cyber Espionage: See Rule 66. Cyber Infrastructure: The communications, storage, and computing resources upon which information systems operate. The Internet is an example of a global information infrastructure. Cyber Operations: The employment of cyber capabilities with the primary purpose of achieving objectives in or by the use of cyberspace. Cyber Reconnaissance: The use of cyber capabilities to obtain information about activities, information resources, or system capabilities. Cyber System: See ‘computer system’. Cyberspace: The environment formed by physical and non-physical components, characterized by the use of computers and the electro-magnetic spectrum, to store, modify, and exchange data using computer networks. Data: The basic elements that can be processed or produced by a computer. Data Centre: A physical facility used for the storage and processing of large volumes of data. A data centre can be used solely by users belonging to a