Summaries
Technical Summary
BIPV/T Roof
Exhaust Fan Variable Speed Fan
q External Rolling Shutter
Solar
Tilted Slats
Dryer Air Inlet
Geothermal Pump
HRV
Passive Slab
Light Shelf Internal Rolling Shutter
DHW Ventilated Slab
Blinds
Side-Fin
Anti-Reflection Coating n-Type Semiconductor Front Contact Reflector Absorber Tube
Electron (-)
Hole (+) Solar Field Piping
Recombination p-Type Semiconductor Back Contact
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Figure TS.3.1 | Selected examples of (top) solar thermal, both passive and active integrated into a building; (bottom left) a photovoltaic device schematic for direct solar to electricity conversion; and (bottom right) one common type of concentrating solar power technology, a trough collector. [Derived from Figures 3.2, 3.5, 3.7]
the day/night period or short periods of cloudy weather. Supplemented by other energy sources, these systems typically provide 40 to 80% of the demand for heat energy of the target application. [3.3.2.2–3.3.2.4] For passive solar heating, the building itself—particularly its windows— acts as the solar collector, and natural methods are used to distribute and store the heat. The basic elements of passive heating architecture
are high-efficiency equatorial-facing windows and large internal thermal mass. The building must also be well insulated and incorporate methods such as shading devices to prevent it from overheating. Another feature of passive solar is ‘daylighting’, which incorporates special strategies to maximize the use of natural (solar) lighting in the building. Studies have shown that with current technology, using these strategies in new buildings in northern Europe or North America can reduce the building
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