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WELCOME
the Gerald Yagen at the controls of
Fokker DR-1
Greetings to our visitors and participants of the Biplanes and Triplanes World
War One Air Show and Fly-In. With the Centennial Celebration of The Great War just around the corner, the weekend provides an opportunity for everyone to experience a time when our country was united with its allies for a common cause. Not long after the Wright Brothers flew the first airplane over the sand dunes of nearby Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, young men were lifting over the trenches of France in primitive wood and fabric aeroplanes with the dawn of aerial combat. Our thanks go out to the many re-enactors, musicians, supporters, volunteers, and everyone else who helped to make this such a huge success. We hope you have as much enjoyment experiencing our air show as we have had preparing it. 1
SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Friday, October 7, 2011 Re-enactors set up their living history encampments and visiting warplanes arrive. Visit the Fighter Factory, where we maintain and restore these magnificent airplanes.
On The Cover This year’s poster art, entitled Chasing the Sunrise, was painted by North Carolina artist Russell Smith; the same artist who painted the art for the 2010 poster. Chasing the Sunrise depicts two Sopwith 1 ½ Strutter aircraft in U.S. Navy markings flying over Cape Henry as they enter the Chesapeake Bay. Along the shoreline are two lighthouses that are still there today. The Sopwith Strutter aircraft were the first wheeled planes to be launched from an American ship. However, they had to land ashore and be ferried back on small launches. The Military Aviation Museum’s Sopwith 1 ½ Strutter is the very aircraft used in the movie Fly Boys, which told the story of American pilots flying for the French. Posters of this beautiful artwork can be purchased in the museum gift shop, and Russell will be available to autograph them throughout the weekend. Simply ask the gift shop employees to direct you to his booth. See more of his art at: www.RussellSmithArt.com.
5:30PM
Hot Air Balloon Flights
7:00PM
Talking Moving Picture Show in the Hangar
Saturday, October 8, 2011 7:00AM
Gates Open for Balloon Ascent
9:00am Double Decker Bus Departs Cavalier Hotel 10:00AM Live Musical Entertainment Commences 11:00AM Large Scale Radio Controlled Airplanes Fly 1:00PM
Aircraft Flight Operations Begin
3:00PM
Airplanes Land for End of Flying
4:30PM
Steak Dinner (advance ticket required)
5:30PM
Hot Air Balloon Flights
6:00PM
Roaring 20’s Dance with Big Band
9:00PM
Taps-Conclusion of Dance
Bus returns to Cavalier Hotel
Sunday, October 9, 2011 7:00AM
Gates Open for Balloon Ascent
9:00AM
Double Decker Bus Departs Cavalier Hotel
10:00AM Continuous Live Entertainment Begins 11:00AM Large Scale Radio Controlled Airplanes Fly 1:00PM
Aircraft Flight Operations Begin
3:00PM
Aircraft Complete Flight Operations
5:00PM
Completion of Weekend Events
* Time and events are always subject to change and weather conditions.
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Sopwith 1½ Strutter (1916) Allied Planes
The Sopwith 1½ Strutter, originally named the Sopwith LCT (Land Clerget Tractor), was the first two-seat British fighter, and the first British plane with a synchronized machine gun. Its upper wings were attached to the fuselage by a pair of short (half ) struts and a second pair of longer struts, which formed a “W” when seen from the front. This strut formation led to the 1½ Strutter name. Test flights officially began in January 1916, and by February, planes were reaching the front. The 1½ Strutter had a long range, making it well-suited for lengthy patrolling missions. However, its construction did not withstand the demands of continuous wartime service well, and it was not very effective in a dogfight. The 1½ Strutter was an extremely versatile plane used in the roles of trainer, fighter, bomber, and reconnaissance aircraft. Perhaps its most interesting use was as a carrier-type aircraft. Cross-shaped fly-off platforms were mounted atop a ship’s massive gun turrets. These platforms were originally designed by the British during WWI and the US Navy began experimenting with this design in 1919. By the summer of that year, these platforms were mounted aboard US battleships New York, Texas, Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Arizona, New Mexico, Mississippi and Idaho. One Sopwith 1½ Strutter and one Nieuport 28 were assigned to each battleship. By 1922, the design of a compressed air catapult made this turret mounted fly-off platform obsolete. The Military Aviation Museum obtained its Sopwith 1½ Strutter in September 2010, just days before the first Biplanes air show. This particular aircraft was used in the 2006 movie Flyboys, which tells the story of American pilots flying with the French Lafayette Escadrille in 1916.
Sopwith 1½ Strutter Specifications
Manufacturer: Sopwith Aviation Company Role: Fighter, Bomber, Observation Wing Span: 33 feet, 6 inches Height: 10 feet, 3 inches Length: 25 feet, 3 inches Engine: 130 hp Clerget 9B Maximum Speed: 100 mph Armament: Two Machine Guns, Up to 130 lb Bombs Years of Operation: 1916-1917 Primary Users: British and French Forces 3
lanes Allied P
Nieuport XI (1916)
The original Nieuport XI model was built in 1916 and used by the British and French forces to combat the German Fokker. Nicknamed Bébé (Baby), this plane was light, fast, and very maneuverable. To its disadvantage, the aircraft could not carry dual machine guns, making it more challenging to go up against a German Fokker. The Nieuport XI was used on the Western Front through 1916 and in Italy through mid-1917. The Military Aviation Museum obtained its Nieuport XI replica aircraft in July 2010, from an enthusiast who handcrafted it in Dayton, Ohio. Unfortunately, it ended up in a soybean field last year, when its engine stopped during a practice flight over Suffolk. After some simple repairs by the Fighter Factory, it is again airworthy.
Nieuport XI Specifications Manufacturer: Nieuport Role: Fighter Wing Span: 24 feet, 9 inches Height: 7 feet, 10½ inches Length: 19 feet Engine: 80 hp Gnome or LeRhône Maximum Speed: 97 mph Armament: One Machine Gun Years of Operation:1916-1917 Primary Users: French, British, Belgium, Russian & Italian Forces
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Nieuport 23 (1917)
Allied P lanes
The Nieuport 23 biplane was introduced in 1917 to address structural weaknesses in the Nieuport 17. It was powered with a lighter version of the Le Rhône 9J engine, which provided improved power-to-weight ratio. However, other modifications were not as successful, and the Nieuport 23 experienced a high number of accidents caused by shedding its wings mid-flight. The two Nieuport 23 aircraft on display are visiting Biplanes and Triplanes for the second year. Rick Bennett of Thompson, Ohio, owns N4027B. His Nieuport 23 was built in 2002 and is painted with the markings of Edmund Thieffry. Thieffry was a Belgain pilot who flew with 5 Escadrille de Chasse, “The Comets.” He was shot down in February 1918 and spent the remainder of the war in a German POW camp. Phil Arbie of Warren, Ohio, owns the other Nieuport 23. Phil and Rick worked together to build this 7/8 scale in just 18 months, finishing it in the summer of 2010. This Nieuport features the markings of Francesco Baracca, Italy’s top fighter ace. The prancing stallion emblem was a tribute to Baracca’s former cavalry regiment. He was killed in action in June 1918, and his mother later gave his stallion emblem to Enzo Ferrari to become the official symbol of Ferrari automobiles.
Nieuport 23 Specifications Manufacturer: Nieuport Role: Fighter Wing Span: 26 feet, 11 inches Height: 7 feet, 11 inches Length: 21 feet Engine: 120 hp Le Rhône 9Jb Maximum Speed: 105 mph Armament: One Machine Gun Years of Operation: 1917 Primary Users: French, British, Belgium, Russian & Italian Forces
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Starting History with the Hucks Starter
As aircraft evolved during the span of The Great War, so did the ground equipment needed to support the growing squadrons. During this early period of aviation, aircraft engines had to be turned by hand to start them. The larger and more powerful the engine, the more difficult and dangerous this was to do. Then, in 1917, Bentfield Hucks, a captain in the RAF, invented a contraption to crank the engine using the power of a Model T Ford. A long, elevated driveshaft was mounted on the chassis and turned by power transferred through a PTO and chain drive system. The driveshaft extended beyond the front of the Model T and connected to the center of the plane’s propeller with a claw similar to a toothed ratchet on the Model T hand crank.
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Called Hucks Trucks, the vehicles were built on both car chassis and TT truck chassis throughout the war and on into the 1930s. While efficient, they were somewhat cumbersome to use and required at least two people to operate. The Military Aviation Museum purchased its Hucks Starter Truck from a gentleman in Arkansas. It was built using a period-correct Muncie auxiliary transmission with built-in PTO on a 1918 TT Ford chassis. We hope you enjoy seeing our Hucks Truck in action as we wind up the colorful biplanes and triplanes for flight this weekend.
Original TT Ford chassis the museum’s Hucks Starter is built on. 7
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Sopwith Pup (1916)
Allied P lanes
The Sopwith Pup, technically named the Scout, was a single-seat British fighter. Its framework was primarily fabric-covered wood, and it featured staggered, equal-span wings. It picked up its nickname “Pup” because it looked like a smaller version of the Sopwith 1½ Strutter. The aircraft was introduced in 1916 as the “Fokker Scourge” was getting underway and it played a major role in the Allies’ success against the Germans. The Pup’s easy flying characteristics and good maneuverability made it perfect for carrier-deck landing and takeoff testing. It was the first aircraft to successfully land on a moving ship on August 2, 1917. The Military Aviation Museum owns a ¾-scale reproduction of a Sopwith Pup. It hangs in the entryway to the main building as if in the top of a loop.
Sopwith Pup Specifications
Manufacturer: Sopwith Aviation Company Role: Fighter Wing Span: 26 feet, 6 inches Height: 9 feet, 5 inches Length: 19 feet, 3 inches Engine: 80 hp LeRhône or 100 hp Gnome Monosoupape Maximum Speed: 112 mph Armament: One Machine Gun, Four 25lb Bombs Years of Operation: 1916-1917 Primary Users: British Forces
Blériot XI (1909)
Allied P lanes
The Blériot XI, a light monoplane, was originally constructed of oak and poplar with clothcovered flying surfaces. It was built by the French company Morane-Saulnier and made its debut at the Paris Air Show in December 1908. The plane made history in July 1909, when it crossed the English Channel from Calais to Dover in just over 35 minutes. The Blériot was first used by French and Italian forces in 1910, and early in The Great War, French, Italian and British squadrons flew various versions of the aircraft. The Military Aviation Museum’s Blériot XI was acquired in 2008 from a collector in Spain, where it was built as new construction by a team of aviation enthusiasts.
Blériot XI Specifications Manufacturer: Morane-Saulnier Role: Trainer, Bomber Wing Span: 25 feet, 7 inches Height: 8 feet, 10 inches Length: 25 feet Engine: 25 hp Anzani 3-Cylinder Maximum Speed: 47 mph Armament: Light Bombs Years of Operation: 1909-1911 Primary Users: French, Italian and British Forces
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Military Aviation Museum Spreads Its Wings
When the Military Aviation Museum opened in 2005, the goal was to educate people about the historical significance of military aviation through the restoration and display of aircraft from the middle of the last century. Over the years, our purpose has not changed, but we continue to search for new and exciting ways to bring military aviation history to life in Virginia Beach. Visit often to see how we continue to grow and change with both the addition of new buildings and restored aircraft.
World War One Hangar
The World War One Hangar opened this spring at the west end of the property where the main landing strip and the cross-winds runway meet. This 15,000 square foot hangar features clapboard wood exterior, a tin roof and exposed rough wooden beams reminiscent of the French barns that were converted to hangars during The Great War. This hangar is currently home to as many as 18 colorful biplanes and triplanes, when they are not out on display at special events.
Fighter Factory
World War One Hangar
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1934 German Hangar
While it is not a Great War-era building, the museum does want to share its excitement over the reconstruction 1934 German Hangar of an original German Luftwaffe hangar. It was purchased from the former Cottbus Army Airfield in Cottbus, Germany, just southeast of Berlin. This 10,000 square foot steel structure was originally constructed in 1934. The hangar was dismantled four years ago and shipped to Virginia Beach, where it is undergoing preparations to be raised next to the Fighter Factory maintenance building. Once open, the Cottbus Hangar will again be home to Luftwaffe aircraft. This building was originally built by Ostdeutsche Landwirdsch Aften (OLA), a company founded by former World War One pilot Gotthard Sachsenberg. During the war, Sachsenberg flew Fokker Eindekker monoplanes and Fokker D.VII biplanes, and by the end of World War One, his final tally was 31 Allied aircraft shot down. After World War One, Sachsenberg and his Navy friend, Eberhard Cranz, formed OLA to help former military technical personnel make the transition to civilian life. Sachsenberg wrote several position papers on the expansion of the Luftwaffe and eventually ended up in a concentration camp for several weeks in 1934, and he lost control and ownership of OLA, as he refused to follow the Nazi’s demand to change to wartime production. In 1934, under new ownership, OLA proposed the construction of a group of hangars at the Cottbus Airfield. They felt their hangars to be remarkable and unique because they could be quickly erected regardless of the season. The Cottbus Airfield had been recently expanded in 1933 to become a military pilot training school for the Luftwaffe. It is assumed that this prototype style hangar was bought and erected within the coming months.
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lanes Allied P
Fokker DR-1 S.P.AD. S.XIII (1917)
The SPAD S.XIII was one of the most famous French fighter planes during The Great War. The aircraft’s rounded fuselage and high aspect ratio wings made it aerodynamically sound. Nearly 8,500 SPAD S.XIIIs were produced during the war – more than any other aircraft. Its main asset was excellent climbing performance and speed, which were superior to its British and German counterparts. The United States began using the SPAD as its primary fighter after the Nieuport 28 proved unsuitable. The SPAD owned by the Military Aviation Museum is a reduced-scale plane powered by a small Rotex engine. It was built in Ohio in 2004, and its markings represent the plane flown by Maj. Charles Biddle, of Pennsylvania, who flew with the Lafayette Flying Corps and Escadrille 73 in France.
S.P.AD. S.XIII Specifications
Manufacturer: Société Pour L’Aviation et ses Dérivés Role: Fighter Wing Span: 27 feet, 1 inch Height: 8 feet, 6 inches Length: 20 feet, 6 inches Engine: 220 hp Hispano-Suiza 8Be Maximum Speed: 135 mph Armament: two Machine Guns Years of Operation: 1917-1919 Primary Users: French, British and American Forces
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S.E.5 (1917)
Allied P lanes
The Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5 was first flown on the Western Front by British forces. Two of the first three S.E.5 (Scout Experimental 5) prototypes crashed, and Maj. Goodden, one of the plane’s designers, was killed in the first of these accidents in January 1917. Modifications resulted in a stable and maneuverable aircraft that was thought to be a better fighter than the Sopwith Camel. Engine shortages eventually kept the S.E.5 production numbers low, but together with the Camel, it was instrumental in regaining Allied air superiority in mid-1917. The S.E.5 on loan to the Military Aviation Museum is owned by Roland Gilliam. This aircraft was used in the 2004 Martin Scorsese film, The Aviator, staring Leonardo DiCaprio as the legendary Howard Hughes.
S.E.5 Specifications Manufacturer: Role: Wing Span: Height: Length: Engine: Maximum Speed: Armament: Years of Operation: Primary Users:
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Royal Aircraft Factory Fighter 26 feet, 7 inches 9 feet, 6 inches 20 feet, 11 inches Hispano-Suiza 8a V8 138 mph Two Machine Guns, and Four 18kg Bombs 1917-1918 British, American, and Canadian Forces
lanes Allied P
AVRO 504K (1913)
The AVRO 504 was first built before the start of World War One by the British company, A.V. Roe and Company. It was instantly identifiable by the skid between its wheels, which was designed to prevent the aircraft from tipping forward and destroying its propeller, if it landed with its tail too high. It was originally designed in 1912 and introduced to the public during the second Aerial Derby in September 1913. Early 504s had a clocked speed of 80.9 mph, and the aircraft set a British altitude record of 15,000 feet in February 1914. During the war, the aircraft was flown by the British. Following the war, it remained in service as a trainer for the British and other military forces, and many were sold for civilian use. The Military Aviation Museum has two AVRO 504Ks on display. Both were built by Pur Sang, an Argentinean company well-known for reproducing vintage Bugatti cars. The first AVRO 504K was for static display only and is hung in the the Army hangar. The second is fully airworthy with a new Rotec radial engine built in Australia.
Avro 504 Specifications
Manufacturer: av roe & company, ltd. Role: trainer, fighter, bomber Wing Span: 36 feet Height: 10 feet, 5 inches Length: 29 feet, 5 inches Engine: 80 hp gnome or LeRhône Maximum Speed: 90 mph Armament: One machine gun, 80 lb bombs Years of Operation: 1913 – 1934 Primary users: British Forces
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ENTERTAINMENT
One of America’s favorite performers of jazz standards is Theresa Eaman. She’s back with us for the third year, having performed at each of the annual Warbirds Over the Beach and Biplanes air shows, and we couldn’t imagine an event without her. Theresa specializes in re-creating the wartime music of our past. You won’t want to miss her show at Biplanes & Triplanes, so be sure to take the time to relax in the hangar as she sings music from World War One and World War Two.
The Manhattan Dolls are a swing-style vocal trio back for the second year at Biplanes & Triplanes with a Roaring 20s review. Join them for a journey to a time when patriotism was high, World War One had just ended, and feathers, pearls and dresses on the fringe of fashion were all the rage. Their songs include “Over There”, “Grand Ol’ Flag”, “Broadway Baby” and more. www.TheManhattanDolls.com 16
Terry Chesson livens up Saturday evening with his Jump N’ Jive Orchestra at our hangar dance. Join us as we are transported back in time to the era of the Charleston and the Varsity Drag. Dress in Roaring 20s clothing and get ready to dance the night away in the museum’s Navy hangar. The dance is free with your air show ticket, so why not stay for all the fun? Terry, vocalist Melanie, and the rest of the band have kept folks dancing coast to coast performing is hot spots like the Derby in Hollywood, California and of course, the Military Aviation Museum in Virginia Beach.
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Re-Enactors Bring the History to Life
Number 2 Squadron was the first dedicated aircraft unit of the newly formed Royal Flying Corps (No. 1 Squadron being a balloon and kite unit). The Squadron was sent to France at the outbreak of the First World War with three other squadrons, and a pilot of No. 2 Squadron, Lieutenant H.D. Harvey Kelly, was the first member of the R.F.C. to land in France on 13 August 1914. During the first year of the war, the Squadron operated out of nearly two-dozen different airfields before being assigned to Hesdigneul, France in 1915, where it would remain until the final months of the war. The Squadron’s primary duties during the war were aerial reconnaissance, photography, bombing and artillery cooperation. No. 2 Squadron flew to France in 1914 using the BlÊroit Experimental 2 (B.E.2). It continued to use variations of the B.E.2 series throughout the war, as well as the Reconnaissance Experimental (R.E.1 & 2) series, the Maurice Farman series, the F.B.9, the Bristol Scout and the Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8. During the course of the war, No. 2 Squadron went on to achieve a number of firsts in the history of the R.F.C. and aerial combat. The first downing of an enemy aircraft by a member of the R.F.C. occurred in August 1914 by Lt. H.D. Harvey-Kelly. An observer of No. 2 Squadron, Sergeant-Major D.S. Jillings, incurred the first wound suffered as a result of enemy fire. The first Victoria Cross received by a member of the R.F.C. for aerial service was awarded to Lieutenant William Rhodes-Moorhouse, a pilot in No. 2 Squadron. The last V.C. awarded on the Western Front to a member of the R.F.C. also went to a member of No. 2 Squadron, Lt. A.A. McLeod. Several men who went on to play prominent and important roles in the future of the Royal Air Force gained their first experience as members of No. 2 Squadron, including future R.A.F. Air Marshal Sir William Sholto Douglas, who began his flying career as an aerial photographer in the unit. 18
Honoring THe original Flyboys and THe Planes THey Flew. Atlantic Shores is proud to sponsor the annual Biplanes & Triplanes WWI Air Show.
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AtlAntic shores Premier Retirement Living
1200 Atlantic Shores Drive Virginia Beach, VA 23454 Phone 757.716.2000 www.AtlanticShoresLiving.com
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Nieuport XI
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FOKKER D-VII
Sopwith 1½ Strutter
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Sopwith Pup
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Fokker D.VII (1918)
Central P Planeoswers
The Fokker Flugzeugwerke company began experimenting with a V-series biplane in 1916 featuring cantilever wings. In January 1918, frontline pilots were invited to participate in a fighter competition to test and evaluate the VII and several other new fighters. Following their evaluations, the VII was modified by elongating the rear fuselage and adding a Black D.VII triangular fixed vertical fin in front of the rudder to improve its handling. After that, von Richthofen, the Red Baron, called the VII the best in the competition, and it was sent into production with the designation D.VII. As it began reaching the frontlines in the autumn of 1918, this biplane quickly proved to be a formidable aircraft. After the war, Germany was required to surrender all D.VIIs to the Allies, and surviving aircraft experienced widespread use for many years by the victors. Fokker D.VII - Red The museum’s first D.VII is solid red in color. This aircraft last flew in 1975 at the Oshkosh Air Show in Wisconsin. Following World War One, the United States claimed many of the D.VIIs still in flying condition and used them for training. As the original Mercedes engines wore out, the Americans replaced them with a Hall-Scott motor like the one in this particular D.VII. While the engine is functional, the linen fabric coverings on the aircraft’s wings need to be replaced before it can fly again. Fokker D.VII - Black The black Fokker D.VII was purchased from an owner in Switzerland in 2010. Its black paint scheme features a skull and crossbones emblem with a white tail fin adorned with a cross. The aircraft was built in 1990 and was flown throughout Switzerland and the United Kingdom before arriving in the United States. Fokker D.VII - Lozenge Camouflage In 2011, the museum acquired a third Fokker D.VII. This aircraft features the colorful lozenge camouflage paint scheme commonly used by the Germans from 1917-1918. The lozenge design traditionally consists of polygons in four or five colors. The Germans felt the patterns made it more difficult to distinguish the plane’s silhouette when in flight. Lozenge Camouflage D.VII
Fokker D.VII Specifications
Manufacturer: Fokker Flugzeugwerke Role: Fighter Wing Span: 29 feet, 3 inch Height: 9 feet, 2 inches Length: 22 feet, 9 inches Engine: 180 hp Mercedes D.IIIa Maximum Speed: 116 mph Armament: Two Machine Guns Years of Operation: 1918 Primary Users: German Forces
Red D.VII
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Powers CentrPallanes
Fokker DR-1 (1917)
Red & White DR-1 The Fokker DR-1triplane, first flown in April 1917, was developed to combat the British Sopwith. The Fokker DR-1 featured a cantilever wing design with unbalanced ailerons and elevators. Hollow box-spar construction of the wood and fabric wings made them lightweight yet strong. The fuselage was constructed from a wire box girder structure covered in fabric and plywood. In October, six months after the Fokker DR-1 came on the scene, two aircraft broke apart mid-flight killing the pilots. All of the aircraft were pulled from operations until modified wings could be installed in December. Despite this retrofitting, failures occasionally occurred with the upper wing, but it was believed that this was a result of poor production quality rather than design flaw. It was replaced on the front with the Fokker D.VII biplane model mid-1918.
Blue DR-1
The Military Aviation Museum has four Fokker DR-1 triplanes in its collection. Fokker DR-1 - Red: The museum’s newest Fokker DR-1 is a red aircraft intended to replicate the markings of Manfred von Richthofen, the legendary Red Baron. You could say that the DR-1 owes its fame to the flights with von Richthofen. During his time flying from 1916-1918, he was credited with 80 air combat victories, more than any other pilot. Von Richtofen became commander of the Jagdgescgwader 1 fighter unit in 1917. The unit used the bright red color so they were easily identifiable during dogfights, and the unit picked up the nickname The Flying Circus. On April 21, 1918, he was killed in action, and over 90 years later, people are still debating if he was shot down by anti-aircraft guns or by Canadian pilot Arthur “Roy” Brown. The museum acquired this DR-1 in 2010 from a gentleman in Massachusetts.
Fokker DR-1 - Blue: The blue Fokker DR-1 was the first of the Fokkers acquired in 2007. This triplane is painted with the markings of the Fokker DR-1 flown by Lt. Werner Voss, the fourth ranking ace in the German Army Air Service. Six of Lt. Voss’ forty-eight air combat victories were in his triplane. He was killed in action in September 23, 1917, during one of the legendary dogfights of The Great War. He alone fought six British SE5 pilots from 56 Squadron and three more from the 60 Squadron. The battle continued for more than 10 minutes until he was shot down. He was only 19 years old. 23
Fokker DR-1 - Red & White: This particular aircraft is painted to mimic the triplane flown by Lt. August Raben, the CO of Jasta 18 squad. The squad was nicknamed the Raven Jasta, and pilots featured a raven on their aircrafts. Lt. Raben’s Fokker was one of the few to survive World War One being taken by the French following the war. However, no original Fokker DR-1s exist today. The museum acquired this red and white Fokker in September 2009. It was originally built for Paul Poberezny, the founder of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), which holds the annual Oshkosh air show.
Fokker DR-1 - Yellow: The yellow and brown markings of this Fokker DR-1 mirror those of Lt. Rudolf Klimke of Jasta 27. People often refer to this as a yellow and brown design, but the Jasta’s aircraft were more likely painted solid yellow. The fuselage had a darker, brown appearance because of its original olive color beneath. This Fokker was built in 1989 in Maryland and joined the museum’s collection in June 2009 and had its first flight following more than a year of restoration work in August 2010. When purchased, the Fokker was red and brown, but the museum chose to replicate the colorings of Klimke’s aircraft. Klimke and Jasta 27 were depicted in the 2010 Biplanes air show poster artwork.
Red DR-1
Fokker DR-1 Specifications Manufacturer: Fokker Flugzeugwerke Role: Fighter Wing Span: Top: 23 feet 7 inches Mid: 20 feet 5 inches Lower: 18 feet 9 inches Height: 9 feet, 8 inches Length: 18 feet, 11 inches
Yellow DR-1
Engine: 110 hp Oberursel or LeRhône Maximum Speed: 115 mph Armament: Two Machine Guns Years of Operation: 1917-1918 Primary Users: German Forces
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Rebuilding History One Plane at a Time The Aviation Institute of Maintenance trains men and women to become aircraft maintenance technicians at its ten campuses around the country. They are trained in all aspects of aircraft repair and maintenance, including all types of engines, airframes, aircraft systems, instruments, welding, rigging, and every other aspect of aircraft maintenance. Several years ago, each campus was challenged to build a full-scale replica World War One airplane from scratch. This is a team project where active students, under the guidance of instructors, perform most of the work.
www.AviationMai
ntenance.edu
When all airplanes are completed, they will rotate through the Military Aviation Museum, where they will be flown individually, and as a group, to demonstrate their capabilities. You can visit with students, faculty and staff from the Chesapeake campus at the air show. See some of their training aids and talk with them about their Nieuport 24 under construction. Other aircraft under construction include the Indianapolis campus’ Nieuport 11 “Bebe”, Philadelphia’s Nieuport 17, Dallas’ Sopwith Pup, Manassas’ Sopwith Camel, Atlanta’s Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter, Kansas City’s Morane Saulnier and Orlando’s Fokker D.VIII.
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Powers CentrPallanes
Fokker C.I (1918)
The Fokker C.I was a German reconnaissance biplane under development at the end of World War I. The design was essentially an enlarged Fokker D.VII fighter with two seats and a 185 hp BMW III engine. The C.I was originally developed for the German Army; however, it never saw service in World War I. Following the war, Anthony Fokker used these planes to smuggle parts out of Germany at the time of the Armistice. A total of 250 were built, including 42 for the Soviet Air Force and 62 for the Dutch Air Force. The C.I continued to be used as a training and reconnaissance aircraft until 1936. The museum’s Fokker C.I features a lozenge paint scheme, a camouflage design developed by the Germans during the war. This camouflage was made up of colored polygons of four or five colors. The repeating patterns often used irregular four-, five- and six-sided polygons, but some contained regular rhombi or hexagons. Because painting such a pattern was very time consuming, and the paint added considerably to the weight of the aircraft, the pattern was printed on fabric. This pre-printed fabric was used from 1916 until the end of the war in various forms and colors. The museum’s C.I is adorned with a five colored lozenge scheme and bears the Iron Cross (Balkenkreuz), the symbol for Germany’s armed forces. It was built by Barney Peterson in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and it is powered by an inverted American Ranger motor.
Fokker C.I Specifications Manufacturer: Fokker Flugzeugwerke Role: Reconnaissance / Trainer Wing Span: 34 feet, 5 inches Height: 9 feet, 5 inches Length: 23 feet 9 inches Engine: 185 Hp BMW IIIa Maximum Speed: 109 mph Armament: two machine guns Primary Users: German Forces
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Halberstadt CL IV (1918)
Central P Planeoswers
In the spring of 1918, the Germans added the Halberstadt CL IV to its squadrons. The biplane was more maneuverable than the earlier model, CL II, and it served a vital role as a ground attack aircraft. Low-flying formations of four to six planes would be flown over the Western Front targeting Allied infantry and artillery clearing the way for advancing German troops. The museum’s Halberstadt was purchased in 2006 from a museum in Alabama. It is powered by a modern, hidden Lychoming six-cylinder engine. The cartoon on the fuselage represents The Katzenjamer Kids, an American comic strip from the early Twentieth Century, which was based on an 1860’s German children’s story about two mischevious boys.
Halberstadt CL IV Specifications
Manufacturer: Halberstadter Flugzeugwerke Role: Ground Attack Aircraft Wing Span: 35 feet, 2 3/4 inches Height: 8 feet, 9 inches Length: 21 feet, 5 1/2 inches Engine: 160 hp Mercedes D.III Maximum Speed: 104 mph Armament: Two Machine Guns, Grenades and 20 lb. Bombs Years of Operation: 1918 Primary Users: German Forces
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Powers CentrPallanes
Albatros D.Va (1917)
The Albatros fighter was first used by the Germans in 1917 and remained in service through the end of the war. The aircraft featured an aerodynamically-shaped elliptical fuselage constructed of fabric-covered plywood. Unfortunately, it suffered from structural problems with the lower wing causing additional wing bracing to be added. Despite this, pilots complained that the Albatros was difficult to maneuver and heavy on the controls. The Military Aviation Museum’s Albatros D.Va was built in 1992 and obtained by the museum in 2006. It has an inverted Gypsy Major engine built in England.
Albatros D.Va Specifications Manufacturer: Albatros-Flugzeugwerke Role: Fighter Wing Span: 29 feet, 8 inches Height: 8 feet, 10 inches Length: 24 feet Engine: 180 hp Mercedes Maximum Speed: 116 mph Armament: Two Machine Guns Years of Operation: 1917-1918 Primary Users: German Forces
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de Havilland DH-89A Dragon Rapide (1933)
The de Havilland DH-89A Dragon Rapide was designed in 1933 and was the most successful British-built commercial passenger aircraft of the decade. Before the beginning of World War Two, over 200 were built, and once the war began, the British used this aircraft for passenger duties and radio navigation training. Even though these airplanes did not see service during World War One, it is such a crowd favorite that we include it in the air show. The most famous Rapide was owned by Prince Edward, Prince of Wales, in 1935. Prince Edward served near the front lines in World War One and undertook his first military flight in 1918. The royal aircraft was painted in the red and blue colors of the Royal Guard and outfitted with leather chairs embossed with the Prince of Wales’ feathered crest. The Military Aviation Museum’s restored Rapide arrived on-site in 2010. It was originally built in 1944 for the Royal Air Force flying from Dumfries, Scotland. After World War Two, it shuttled holiday travelers to the Channel Islands and went on to serve as public and private passenger travel throughout Europe for years. The aircraft was sold to an American in 1972. The museum acquired it in 2007 and began restoration to replicate the markings of the Prince of Wales’ aircraft. 32
de Havilland Rapide Specifications Manufacturer: de Havilland Role: Passenger Airline Wing Span: 48 feet Height: 10 feet, 3 inches Length: 34 feet, 6 inches Engine: 200 hp Gipsy Queen Engines (2) Maximum Speed: 160 mph Passengers: Six Years of Operation: 1933-1952
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Up, Up, and Away
Imagine floating along on the breeze with a bird’s eye view of the world on a calm, clear day in Virginia Beach... It’s exceptionally quiet except for the occasional sound from the burner blast valve that takes you ever higher above the lush landscape of Southeastern Virginia. You are moving gently with the wind in a hot air balloon! All this can be a reality at this year’s Biplanes and Triplanes Air Show as you have the opportunity to not only view these beautiful, multi-colored, seven-story balloons, but to experience the thrill of a tethered or chartered flight. Piloting a hot air balloon can be tricky and requires someone who possesses the knowledge and skill to properly operate one. This type of flying is largely dependent on favorable weather conditions, sufficient visibility, wind speed and direction. The pilot must steer the balloon by climbing or descending into wind currents traveling in the direction he wishes to go. This may be accomplished by opening a blast valve to increase the temperature of the air inside the envelope to achieve lift. Conversely, the pilot may open a vent to let hot air escape which decreases the temperature and allows the balloon to descend. An integral part of the hot air balloon flight is the chase vehicle. This team follows the airborne balloon’s path on the ground. They arrive in time to help guide and assist with the landing and are there to transport equipment, operating crew, and passengers back to the take off site. 34
Hot air ballooning dates as far back as 1783 in France, when men first used hot air to successfully achieve a unique type of flying experience. During the American Civil War, hot air and gas balloons were used for reconnaissance missions to determine the position of the opponent army and also as a means of communicating information to troops on the ground. The Confederacy first employed their observation balloon over Yorktown, Virginia in 1862. The Civil War also saw the advent of the first aircraft carrier when balloons were launched or towed from ships right here in the Hampton Roads area.
Although the use of balloons was discontinued during the Civil War, they saw a resurgence during World War One... The major powers deployed tethered balloons along the Western Front in Europe to serve as observation and communication posts. In London, they suspended groups of balloons by steel cables (known as barrage balloons) which prevented planes from getting close enough to complete their air raid missions. Today, there are approximately 7,500 hot air balloons in operation in the United States, mainly used for recreational purposes. We are proud to showcase seven or eight of them right here at the Virginia Beach Airport. For those of you that prefer to keep your feet on the ground, we encourage you to enjoy watching the balloon launches and flight demonstrations that will take place throughout the weekend.
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1824 Princess Anne Road 757-721-4900
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HISTORY
rg « (757) 721-7767 www.MilitaryAviationMuseum.o The Military Aviation Museum was founded in 2005 to provide a permanent home for aircraft from the first half of the last century. The museum’s on-going mission is to preserve, restore and fly these historic aircraft and to allow a new generation to experience and learn from what their fathers, grandfathers, and great-grandfathers might have endured on the lonely airfields and in the skies so very far from home. The museum’s founder has spent years collecting and restoring these beautiful aircraft. And along the way, the museum has collected the real stories behind the aircraft following them from production lines through battles and training missions to civilian service. You are encouraged to spend some time with a docent to hear these interesting histories. In 2011, the Military Aviation Museum added several new aircraft to its collection. Some of the more famous include a B-17 Flying Fortress and a Focke Wulf Fw 190. New World War One-era planes include the addition of a third Fokker D.VII biplane and a fourth Fokker DR-I triplane further expanding our German collection. Come visit us often and bring your family and friends along. We are constantly growing and changing, so consider an annual membership. Isn’t it time you explored what’s new in history?
Open Mon-Sun 9am to 5pm
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Events Calendar Each month, the Military Aviation Museum works hard to bring you guest speakers, flight demonstrations, and other special events celebrating aviation history. Visit the museum’s website often for the most up-to-date list of events. You can always purchase your tickets online, too. www.MilitaryAviationMuseum.org
OCTOBER 2011 October 15
Wings & Wheels Car Show – 8:00am-4:00pm Annual car show featuring antique, classic and special interest vehicles alongside the museum’s vintage military aircraft. The event is coordinated by the Tidewater Regional AACA.
October 16
Guest Speaker & Flight Demonstration Kenneth Chilstrom, USAF Ret., flew over 80 combat missions in the Italian Campaign of World War II and tested German and Japanese aircraft for their strengths and weaknesses. Hear about his service as a combat pilot and test pilot. Flight demonstration of a museum aircraft follows talk.
October 16
Plane Pull for a Cure Event Come out for a Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Fundraiser and help us pull our B-17, “Chuckie”, across the tarmac.
NOVEMBER 2011 November 11
Veterans’ Day Check the museum website for special Veterans’ Day events.
November 25-27 Trains & Planes The Military Aviation Museum joins with the Tidewater Division of the National Model Railroad Association once again this year to bring you the Trains & Planes model train show the weekend following Thanksgiving. Santa will fly in on Saturday in his biplane.
FEBRUARY 2012 February 11
Valentine’s Day Hangar Dance – 6:00pm-10:30pm The museum’s annual Valentine’s Day hangar dance grows more popular every year. Don’t miss this annual opportunity to dress in your 1940s clothing and dance to WWII-era music. Watch the website for ticket details.
MAY 2012 May 5
Flying Proms The Virginia Symphony, Virginia Arts Festival and Military Aviation Museum join together once more for the second annual Flying Proms. Enjoy an evening of patriotic and classical music on the lawn while planes fly overhead.
May 18-20
Warbirds Over the Beach Don’t miss the annual Warbirds Over the Beach Air Show. Dozens of World War Two aircraft from the museum and other collections throughout the country fly, while re-enactors, entertainers and vendors take over the grounds. 38
Become A Museum Member! Office Use Only Member Number: Expiration Date:
MUSEUM MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION 501 (c)(3) Tax Deductible Foundation
Member Name: ________________________________________________Age:_______ Address: _________________________________________________________________ City: ______________________________________State:_______Zip:_______________ Phone: __________________________Email:___________________________________ Occupation: ______________________________________________________________ Signature: ________________________________________Date:___________________ INDIVIDUAL $50.00 Annually Family $80.00 ANNUALLY (Family members are those residing in your household)
Please automatically renew my membership for subsequent years until I cancel.
METHOD OF PAYMENT Check (Payable to Military Aviation Museum) Mastercard Visa Name on Card: ___________________________________________ Account No. _____________________________Exp. Date: _______ Signature: _______________________________________________
Become A Museum Volunteer! We are looking for enthusiastic individuals who would like to become volunteer members of our museum! These positions might be as a tour docent, historical interpreter or just to help us out. It’s fun. It’s exciting. All it takes is a little time and enthusiasm on your part. If you are interested in participating in such a non-compensated position, please fill out and mail this form in today. Hope to see you...on the flight line!
Name: ___________________________________________________________________ Address: _________________________________________________________________ City: _____________________________________State:________Zip:________________ Phone: _____________________________ Email:________________________________ Prior Aviation Experience: ___________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Veteran: _______________________________Branch______________Duty:__________ Mail To: Military Aviation Museum, 1341 Princess Anne Road,
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Virginia Beach, VA 23457
Or Fax To:
(757) 204-2682
Special Thanks To Our Sponsors!
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