Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ am-Xr-`q-an B-gv-N-¸-Xn-¸n hn-Nm-c-W ]w-àn-bn 2001 Pq¬ 24 ap-X 2003 k-]v-X-¼À 14 h-sc kqcy³ F-¶ Xq-en-Im-\m-a-¯n {]-kn-²-s¸-Sp¯n-b te-J-\§Ä
F³.]n.cm-tP{µ³
IøSn-°v th-≠n-bp-≈ cm-{„obw F≥-Un-F F-∂ a-lm-k{Xw C√ P-b-efn-X H-cp ]mT-hpw ]Tn-®n-´n√ Nm-b {]-Xn-Om-b, hn-am-\-bm-{X A-`n-am-\-am-bn amdn-b A-]-am-\߃ \-ap-°v knw-l-tØm-sSm-∏w \n¬°mw C-h¿ \-Ωp-sS {]n-b-^m-kn-ÃpIƒ aq∂mw I-£n C-S-s]-S¬ ap√m H-a-dn-s‚ C-¥y≥ ]-Xn-∏pIƒ sP-]n hm¿-jn-I-Øn-\v ta\I \nb-aw A-cp-‘-Xn°pw ta-se-bm-Wv _-µp-Iƒ,l¿-Øm-epIƒ P-bn-ep-Iƒ I-b-dn-bn-d-ßp-∂ emep ap-jd-^v F-∂ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-ØI≥ ]-c-kv]-cw Xp-W-bv-°p-∂ i-{Xp°ƒ Nn-e hym-P-G-‰p-ap-´-epIƒ sIm√m≥ ]pXn-b Im-c-W-߃ tX-Sp∂p Kp-P-dm-Øv tam-U-en-s‚ C-d-°paXn kn-]n-Fw hm¿-≤-Iy-k-l-P-am-b {]-iv-\-ß-fn¬ Nn-e am¿-Iv-kn-b≥ [¿-a-k-¶-S߃ Nn-e ssl-µ-h-\m-Sy-th-j߃ k-a-b-am-bn√ t]mepw _-kp-hn¬ \n-∂v _p-≤-tZ-hn-te-°v F¥v -Zqcw? tIm¨-{K-kv kw-kv-Imcw km-[y-X-Iƒ A-\-¥-amWv tIm¨-{K-kv {Kq-∏v hg°v ]m¿-e-sa‚n-se-Øp-∂ k-º-∂¿ am-dm-Sv Iq-´-s°m-e a-c-hn-® \n¿-t±-i-I-X-Xz-߃ Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-∂m¬ a-cn-°p-∂ ]m¿-´n I-em-]-Im-e-sØ \o-Xn-\ym-bw
1 I-ø-Sn-°v th-≠n-bp-≈ cm-{„o-bw _n.-sP.-]n.-sb-t∏m-sem-cp ln-µp-Xz ]m¿-´n-°v C-¥y-bn¬ h-f-cm-\pw A-[nIm-c-Øn-te-dm-\pw h-en-b k-lm-bw sN-bv-X H-cp L-S-Iw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\m-Wv. C-¥ym-hn-`-P-\-hpw ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ cq-]-h¬-°-c-W-hpw Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\-hpw C-¥y-˛-]m-Iv bp-≤-ß-fpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-sS ]q¿-h-P-∑am-b P-\-kw-L-Øn-\v C-hn-sS th-cp-]n-Sn-°m≥ t]m-epw A-h-k-cw e-`n-°pam-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ D-≠m-Im≥ Im-c-W-am-b a-Xm-[n-jvTn-X cm-jv-{Sob-hpw _n.-sP.-]n. D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-∂ cm-jv-{So-b-hpw H-cp \m-W-b-Øn-s≥-d c-≠p h-i-߃ X-s∂-bm-Wv.- -]-t£, A-S¬ _n-lm-cn hm-Pv-t]-bn F-∂ _n.-sP.-]n. t\-Xm-hn-s≥-d cm-jv{So-b A-P-≠ C-Xn¬-\n-∂v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv F-∂ tXm-∂-em-Wv P-\-ß-fn¬ D-≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C-∂p am-{X-a-√, 1977¬ B-Zy-am-bn tI-{µ-a-{¥n ÿm\w e-`n-®-t∏m-gpw C-Xp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p ÿn-Xn. hn-tZ-i-Im-cy-a-{¥n-sb-∂ \n-e-bn¬ F.-_n.-hm-Pv-t]-bn t\-Sn-b I-ø-Sn G-sd-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-t\m-Sp Im´n-b ku-lm¿-Z-Øn-s≥-d t]-cn-em-bn-cp-∂p. P-\-kw-Lw t\-Xm-hm-bn-cn-s° ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ hm-Pv-t]-bn ]m-In-kv-Xm-s\-Xn-sc hn-jw Xp-∏n-bn-´p-≠v. tIm¨-{K-kv k¿-°m-dp-Iƒ F-t∏m-sg-√mw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-te-°v ku-lm¿-Zl-kv-Xw \o-´n-bn-´p-t≠m, A-t∏m-sg-√mw A-Xn-s≥-d t]-cn-e-h-sc {Iq-in-°m≥ {i-an-®p-t]m-∂-h-cm-Wv C-h¿. 1977¬ hn-tZ-i-Im-cy-a-{¥n-bm-bn hm-Pv-t]-bn kzo-I-cn-® \-bw, ap≥-s]m-cn-°-epw P-\-kw-L-tam A-∂-sØ P-\-Xm-]m¿-´ntbm kz-]v-\w I-≠n-´n-√m-Ø-hn-[w ku-lm¿-Z-]-c-am-bn am-dm≥ F-¥m-Wv Imc-Ww? 5
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\w tIm¨-{K-kn-s≥-d kr-jv-Sn-bm-sW-∂v A-c \q-‰m-≠m-bn ]-d-™p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS ]m¿-´n. C-¥y-bn-se a-t‰-sXm-cp kw-ÿm-\w t]m-se-tb Im-iv-ao-cn-s\-bpw Im-Wm≥ ]m-Sp-≈q F-∂-h¿-°v \n¿-_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bn¬ A-®-Sn-®n-d-°p-∂ Im-iv-ao¿ `q-]-S-Øn¬ Im-Wp-∂ {]-tZ-i-ß-sf-√mw C-¥y-bp-sS-Xm-sW-∂pw A-[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-b {]tZ-i-ß-fn-se ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-I-sf ]-´m-f-sØ A-b-®v Xp-c-Øp-I-bm-Wv th≠-sX-∂pw A-h¿ hm-Zn-®n-cp-∂p. Im-iv-ao-cn¬ F-s¥-¶n-epw kz-bw-\n¿-W-bmh-Im-i {]-iv-\-ß-fp-s≠-∂v A-h¿ Aw-Ko-I-cn-®n-cp-∂n-√. A-Ø-cw {]-iv-\߃ D-∂-bn-®v \-S-Øp-∂ k-a-c-ß-sf-√mw sF.-F-kv.-sF.-bp-sS ]-Wn-bmsW-∂pw cm-Py-t{Zm-l-am-sW-∂p-ap-≈ Im-cy-Øn-epw A-h¿-°v kw-i-b-ap-≠mbn-cp-∂n-√.- -C-t∏mƒ Cu \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Im-iv-ao¿ Xo-{h-hm-Zn kw-LS-\-I-fp-am-bn N¿-®-bv-°v X-øm-dm-sW-∂p {]-Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ, A-h¿ sF.F-kv.-sF. G-P≥-dp-am-c-√ F-∂p k-Ω-Xn-°p-I-bm-Wv tI-{µw sN-øp-∂-Xv. sF.-F-kv.-sF. G-P≥-dp-am-cp-am-bn \-Ωƒ N¿-® \-S-Øp-I-bn-√-t√m. lp-cn-bØm-h-s´, ln-kv-_pƒ ap-Pm-ln-±o-\m-I-s´, A-h-cp-am-bn Nn-e-sX-√mw sIm-Sp°m-\pw hm-ßm-\pw D-s≠-∂p k-Ω-Xn-°p-∂p F-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv N¿-®-bv-°v k-∂-≤-am-sW-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xn-s≥-d A¿-Yw.- -A-Xn¿-Øn-°-∏p-d-Øp-\n-∂p-≈ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-hpw ]-tcm-£ bp-≤-hpw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc ]m-In-kv-Xm-\p-am-bn N¿-®-bn-s√-∂v G-Xm-\pw amkw ap≥-]p-h-sc {]-Jym-]n-®n-cp-∂-Xv {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn X-s∂-bm-Wv. Im¿-Kn-en¬ I-tø-‰w \-S-Øn-b C-¥y-sb bp-≤-Øn-te-°v h-en-®n-g-® ap-jmc-^p-am-bn N¿-®-\-S-Øp-∂ {]-iv-\-ta C-s√-∂p hm-in-]n-Sn-®n-cp-∂-Xv hm-Pv-t]bn X-s∂-bm-Wv. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n¬ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw A-´n-a-dn-®v `-c-Ww ]n-Sn-® ]´m-f ta-[m-hn-bp-am-bn N¿-® C-√ F-∂pw ]-d-™n-cp-∂-Xv C-tX hm-Pv-t]-bn X-s∂. F-¥m-Wv Cu \n-e-]m-Sp-I-sf-√mw am-‰m-\pw a-d-°m-\pw Im-c-Ww? ]mIv A-Xn¿-Øn-°-∏p-d-Øv I-S-∂pw Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-sf X-I¿-°-W-sa-∂v F-°m-eØpw ]-d-™n-cp-∂-h¿ s]m-Sp-∂-s\ sh-Sn-\n¿-Øn-b-sX-¥p-sIm-≠v? ]n-∂o-Sv sh-Sn ]p-\-cm-cw-`n-°p-tºm-gpw sh-Sn-s°m-∏w N¿-®-bp-am-hm-sa-∂p ]-d-™v {]tXy-I Zq-X-s\ \n-tbm-Kn-®-sX-¥p-sIm-≠v? - -_n.-sP.-]n. \-b-cq-]-h-Xv-°-c-W k-an-Xn-I-fp-sS-tbm F≥.-Un.-F. k-an-Xn-Ifp-sS-tbm kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d-tbm \-b-{]-Jym-]-\-ß-sfm-∂pw Iq-Sm-sX-bmWv {]-[m-\-a-{¥n A-Sn-ÿm-\ \-b-ß-fpw \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fpw am-‰n-a-dn-®p-sIm-≠ncn-°p-∂-Xv. \-b-ß-fn¬ H-´pw am-‰-an-s√-∂v B-h¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-s° Xs∂-bm-Wv C-Xp am-‰p-∂-Xv. kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ _u-≤n-I t\-Xm-°-fm-h-s´ Cu 6
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Im-cy-ß-fn¬ Xn-I-™ au-\w ]p-e¿-Øp-I-bp-am-Wv. I-Sp-Ø \n-e-]m-Sp-I-sf°p-dn-®pw bp-≤-sØ-°p-dn-®pw ho-ºp-]-d-bm-dp-≈-h¿ N¿-®-bn-te-°pw k-am[m-\-]-c-am-b {]-iv-\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn-te-°pw \n-e-]m-Sp am-‰p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ A-Xv kzm-K-Xw sN-tø-≠ Im-cy-a-t√? hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS B-flm¿-Y-X-sb C-¥y-bnse {]-Xn-]-£ t\-Xm-°-∑m-sc-∂-√, Im-iv-ao-cn-se hn-L-S-\-hm-Zn t\-Xm-°∑m¿ t]m-epw tNm-Zyw sN-bv-Xn-´p-an-√-t√m. kw-i-b-ap-W-cmw.- -A-c \q-‰m-≠v ]-g-°-ap-≈ C-¥y-˛-]m-Iv i-{Xp-X A-h-km-\n-∏n-°m-\pw Imiv-ao-cn-epw A-Xn¿-Øn-bn-epw k-am-[m-\-ap-≠m-°m-\pw {i-an-® {]-[m-\-a-{¥n F-∂v N-cn-{X-Øn¬ ÿm-\w t\-Sm≥ th-≠n-bp-≈ hy-{K-X am-{X-am-tb C-Xns\ Im-Wm-\m-hq. B-‰w t_mw-_p-≠m-°n A-Sp-Øv kq-£n-® c-≠p cm-Py-ßfm-Wv C-¥y-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\pw. F-∂n-´p-t]m-epw aq-∂mw I-£n C-S-s]-tS≠ {]-iv-\-sam-∂pw C-hn-sS-bn-s√-∂pw ]-c-kv-]-cw N¿-®-sN-øm-t\ X-øm-dp≈q F-∂p-am-Wv C-¥y C-t∏m-gpw ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. tem-I-Øn-\-ß-s\ ]-d-bm≥ ]-‰n-√. c-≠mw s]m-Jv-dm-\v ap≥-]v A-Xp ]-‰p-am-bn-cp-∂p. aq-∂mw I-£n th≠ F-∂p ]-d-bp-I-bpw aq-∂mw I-£n-Iƒ-°v h-g-ßn ]m-In-kv-Xm-\p-am-bn N¿®-bv-°v ap≥-ssI F-Sp-°p-I-bp-am-Wv hm-Pv-t]-bn C-t∏mƒ sN-øp-∂-Xv. Im¿Kn-en¬ \n-∂v _n¬ ¢n≥-d≥ ]m-In-kv-Xm-s\ ]n-¥n-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ X-s∂ N¿-® \-S-Øm≥ hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb k-Ω-Xn-∏n-®n-´p-ap-≠m-I-Ww. \-b-ß-sfm-∂pw am-‰n-bn-´n-√ F-∂v B-h¿-Øn-®p ]-d-bp-I-bpw F-∂m¬ N¿-®-Iƒ-°pw ho-´pho-gv-N-bv-°pw k-∂-≤-sa-∂v \-Sn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂-Xv I-ø-Sn-°v th-≠n-bp-≈ Im-]-Sy-am-Wv. H-fn-™p-\n¬-°p-∂ aq-∂mw-I-£n-I-sf t_m-[n-∏n-°m≥ Iq-Sn-bp-≈-Xm-Wv Cu Im-]-Syw. " 2001 Pq-¨- 24 ˛- 30
2 F≥-Un-F F-∂ a-lm-k-{Xw vÿm\-am-\-߃-°p-th-≠n tXm-∂p-tºm-sgm-s° Im-ep-am-dn I-£n-am-dn Ae-bp-∂ t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ \-Ωp-sS cm-Py-tØ-sd-bp-≠v. kw-ÿm-\ I-£n-I-fn-embn-cp-∂p A-h-c-[n-I-hpw. tZ-io-b-X-e-Øn¬ i-‡n-bp-≈ I-£n-Iƒ D-≠m-bncp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v C-Ø-c-°m¿-°v C-{µ-{]-ÿ-Øn¬ h-en-b km-[y-X-bp-≠m-bncp-∂n-√. P-\-Xm-]-cn-hm¿ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ tZ-io-b ap-∂-Wn-bp-sS-bpw kwL-]-cn-hm¿ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ tZ-io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy ap-∂-Wn (F≥-UnF)bp-sS-bpw Im-e-am-b-tXm-sS tZ-io-b cm-{„o-b-Øn-epw C-Ø-c-°m¿-°v CSw In-´n. H-cp hy-Xym-k-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tXm-∂p-tºmƒ h-cn-I-bpw tXm-∂ptºmƒ t]m-hp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ B-bm-cm-a-∑m-cpw K-bm-cm-a-∑m-cpw ap≥-]v hy‡n-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. C-t∏m-g-Xv I-£n-Iƒ X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "B-bm-dmw, Kbm-dmw' F-∂-Xv B-bm Zƒ, K-bm Zƒ F-∂m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- - - "hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b `-c-Ww' hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-bv-X tZ-io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy ap-∂Wn-bn-epw "B-bm-Z-fp'Iƒ s]-cp-Ip-sa-∂pw A-h cm-{„o-bm-\n-›n-X-Xz-߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-sa-∂pw hy-‡-am-bn-´p-≠v. k-ao-]-\m-fp-I-fn-se {]-[m-\ N¿-®m-hnj-bw P-b-e-fn-X-bpw a-a-Xm _m-\¿-Pn-bpw F-t∏m-gm-Wv tZ-io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ Xn-cn-s®-Øp-I F-∂-Xm-Wv. a-lm-k-Jy-am-bn P-∑-sa-Sp-Ø F≥.-Un.-F. H-cp a-lm-k-{X-am-bn am-dp-I-bm-Wv.- - - -e-fn-X-bpw a-a-X-bpw c-≠v hy-Xy-kv-X ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-Wv F≥.-Un.-F. hn-´-Xv. Xn-cn-®p-h-cm≥ sh-ºp-∂-Xpw hy-Xy-kv-X ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ X-s∂. Pb-e-fn-X-bp-sS A-P-≠-bn¬ A-∂pw C-∂pw H-cp hn-j-b-ta D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q8
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ˛-X-s≥-d "I-dp-Ø-k-ºm-Zy-ß-fpw' A-Xn-s≥-d t]-cn-ep-≈ tI-kp-I-fpw. \n-b-ak-`-bn¬ c-≠w-K-sØ F-Øn-°m≥-t]m-epw I-gn-bm-Ø hn-[-Øn¬ Xq-sØdn-b-s∏-´v A-gn-a-Xn-t°-kp-Iƒ-°p ]n-d-tI tIm-S-Xn-tXm-dpw I-b-dn-bn-d-ßptºmƒ A-h¿-°v hm-Pv-t]-bn `-c-W-Øn-s≥-d ]n≥-_-ew A-Xym-h-iy-am-bn-cp∂p. B-{K-ln-t®-S-tØm-fw ]n≥-_-ew tI-kp-I-fp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬ In-´m-™t∏mƒ tI-{µ-Øn¬ ]p-Xn-b `-c-W-ap-≠m-°-W-sa-∂-h¿-°v tXm-∂n. A-Xn-\p km-[y-X-bp-s≠-∂v I-W-°p-Iq-´n-bm-Wv hm-Pv-t]-bn a-{¥n-k-`-sb Xm-sg C-d°n-b-Xv. I-W-°p-Iq-´-ep-I ƒ ap-®q-Spw ]n-g-bv-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ""C-¥y I-≠Xn¬ sh-t®-‰-hpw h-en-b X-{¥-im-en-bm-Wv P-b-e-fn-X'' F-∂v ]p-I-gv-Øm≥ C-∂m-fp-s≠-∂-Xv th-sd Im-cyw. hn-P-b-am-Wv G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\w. hm-Pv-t]-bn°v ti-jw tkm-Wn-b-bp-sS a-{¥n-k-` P-\n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv ]n-cn-®p-hn-tS-≠n-h-cn-I-bpw C-S-°m-e Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-eq-sS hm-Pv-t]-bn Xn-cn-®ph-cn-I-bpw sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ tZ-io-b cm-{„o-b-Øn-se ]-cn-lm-ky-am-b I-Ym-]m{X-am-bn-cp-∂p Cu P-b-e-fn-X-sb-t∂m¿-°-Ww.- - - -P-b-e-fn-X _n.-sP.-]n.-tbm-sSm-∏w k-l-h-kn-®n-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv "C-¥y I≠-Xn¬-sh-t®-‰-hpw h-en-b A-gn-a-Xn-°m-cn-bm-Wv P-b-e-fn-X' F-∂v hn-ti-jn∏n-®n-cp-∂ H-cp-]m-Sv ]p-tcm-K-a-\-°m-cpw a-tX-X-c-°m-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-h-cpsS thm-´v hm-ßn-bm-Wv P-b-e-fn-X-bn-t∏mƒ X-an-gv-\m-Sv ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-bn Xn-cn®p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "B-bm-Zƒ K-bm-Z-fp'Iƒ-°v \-√ ta-®n¬-∏p-d-am-Wv X-an-gv\m-Sv. {]-[m-\ I-£n-I-fm-b F.-sF.-F.-Un.-Fw.-sI-bv-°pw Un.-Fw.-sI.-bv-°pw P-bn-°m≥ G-Xm-\pw a-‰p I-£n-I-fp-sS ]n-¥p-W th-Ww. \-c-knw-l-dm-hp-hns≥-d `-c-Wm-¥y-\m-fp-I-fn¬ P-b-e-fn-X-bp-am-bn Iq-´p-sI-´p-≠m-°m≥ Xo-cp-am\n-®-Xn-s≥-d t]-cn¬ tIm¨-{K- v hn-´v th-sd ]m¿-´n-bp-≠m-°n-b Pn.-sI. aq∏-\m-cm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m C-Ø-h-W P-b-bp-sS {]-[m-\ Iq-´m-fn. P-b-e-fn-X-bv-°v h¿-Ko-b-hm-Zn-bp-sS-bpw G-Im-[n-]-Xn-bp-sS-bpw A-gn-a-Xn-°m-cn-bp-sS-bp-sa-√mw ap-{Z-Iƒ H-tc-k-a-bw Ip-Øm-dp-≈ C-S-Xp-]-£-ß-fpw C-Ø-h-W Iq-sS-bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]-d-™-sX-√mw \n¿-e-÷w a-d-°m-\pw am-‰n-∏-d-bm-\pw a-Sn-°mØ-h-cp-sS Iq-´-Øn¬ C-cp I-ayq-Wn-Ãp ]m¿-´n-I-fpw s]-Sp-∂p.- - - -]. _w-Km-fn-se t]m-°p-h-c-hn-s≥-d ]-›m-Ø-e-hpw co-Xn-bpw h-f-sc hyXy-kv-X-am-Wv. \o-≠-Im-e-am-bn Xp-S-cp-∂ C-S-Xp-ap-∂-Wn `-c-W-sØ Xm-sg C-d-°p-I am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p A-hn-sS a-a-X-bp-sS-bpw _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-sS-bpw tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d-bpw A-P-≠. F-¶n-se-¥p-sIm-≠v aq-∂p Iq-´¿-°pw tN¿∂v "a-lm-tPm-Xv' F-∂ "a-lm-k-Jyw' D-≠m-°n-°q-Sm F-∂m-bn tNm-Zyw. _n.sP.-]n.-tbm-sSm-∏w tN¿-∂m¬ \yq-\-]-£ thm-´v \-jv-S-am-Ip-tam F-∂ "a-tXX-c-Xz' I-W-°p-Iq-´-ep-≠m-°n-b Nm-©m-´-ß-fp-sS A-¥y-Øn-em-Wv "sXl¬-I' F-∂ ho-Wp-In-´n-b Im-c-W-Øn¬ ]n-Sn-®v a-a-X F≥.-Un.-F. hn-´-Xv. H-cp Im-cy-hpw Im-c-W-hpw Iq-Sm-sX tIm¨-{K- n-s\ C-s´-dn-™v Im-hn-∏-S9
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ tbm-sSm-∏w t]m-bn-cp-∂ a-a-X B A¿-Y-Øn¬ _w-Kmƒ tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d B-P-∑-i-{Xp-hm-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. ]-t£, _w-Kmƒ `-c-Ww ssI-sb-Øn-∏n-Sn-°mhp-∂-{X A-I-e-Øn-em-sW-∂ hym-tam-l-Øn¬, i-{Xp-X sh-Sn-™v tIm¨{K- v a-a-X-sb kzo-I-cn-®p. H-cp {]-tbm-P-\-hp-ap-≠m-bn-√. c-≠p Z-i-I-ß-fmbn "B-bm-Z-fp-I-fpw K-bm-Z-fp'I-fp-an-√m-sX, H-cp t\-Xr-Xz-Øn≥ Io-gn¬ D-d® \-b-ß-fpw ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-am-bn \n-ev-°p-∂ C-S-Xp-]-£-s Ø R-߃-°n\n-bpw a-Sp-Øn-´n-√ F-∂v _w-Kmƒ P-\-X {]-Jym-]n-®p. Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xn-\p ap≥]p-X-s∂ a-a-X-sb R-߃-°v a-Sp-Øp F-∂p-a-h¿ {]-Jym-]n-®p.- - - -]-cm-P-b-Øn-s≥-d ]-Sp-Ip-gn-bn¬ \n-∂m-Wv a-a-X F≥.-Un.-F.-sb ssZ-\y`m-h-Øn¬ t\m-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ hn-P-b-Øn-s≥-d D-b-c-Øn¬ Nm-™n-cp-∂m-Wv e-fn-X F≥.-Un.-F.-sb I-Sm-£n-°p-∂-Xv. I-gn-™ \m-fp-I-fn-se \-b-ß-tfm \n-e-]m-Sp-I-tfm B-tc-bpw A-e-´p-∂n-√. _n.-sP.-]n. t\-Xr-Xzw I-W-°p-Iq´m≥ B-cw-`n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. e-fn-X-tb-bpw a-a-X-tb-bpw Xn-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂Xv em-`-tam \-jv-S-tam? Xn-c-°n-´v Xo-cp-am-\n-t°-≠ A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-sbm∂p-an-√. km-h-Im-iw Xo-cp-am-\n-®m¬ a-Xn.- - - -X-an-gv-\m-´n-se-bpw _w-Km-fn-se-bpw _n.-sP.-]n. L-S-I-ß-fp-sS F-Xn¿-∏pIƒ am-{X-ta a-dn-I-S-t°-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≈q. A-Xn-\p Ip-d-®p k-a-b-sa-Sp-°pw. AXp-h-sc X-e Xm-gv-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww. A-Xp I-gn-™m¬ P-b-e-fn-X-bp-sS F.sF.-F.-Un.-Fw.-sI.-bpw a-a-X-bp-sS Xr-W-aq-epw F≥.-Un.-F.-bn¬ Xn-cn-s®Øpw. B-cp-sS cm-Pn B-h-iy-s∏-´m-tWm a-a-X cm-Pn-sh-®-Xv, B tPm¿-Pv ^¿-Wm-≠- n-s≥-d k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄-bpw a-a-Xm _m-\¿-Pn-bp-sS k-Xy-{]-Xn⁄-bpw H-cp Zn-h-kw X-s∂-bm-bm¬ A-{X-bpw \-√-Xv. A-Xp-I-≠v tcm-am©-a-Wn-bm≥ ap≥-\n-c-bn¬ P-b-e-fn-X-bpw D-≠m-hp-sa-∂p-d-∏n-°mw. At∏mƒ ]p-d-Øv, "C-¥y I-≠ G-‰-hpw h-en-b A-gn-a-Xn-°m-cn', "h¿-Ko-b-hm-Zn' F-∂pw a-‰p-sa-gp-Xn-b ]-g-b t_m¿-Up-Iƒ s]m-Sn-Xp-S-®v hr-Øn-bm-°n Np-aen¬-sh-®v C-S-Xp-]-£ ]m¿-´n-°m¿ {]-I-S-\-Øn-\v H-cp-°w Iq-´p-∂p-ap-≠mIpw. " 2001 Pq-em-b- v- 1 ˛- 7
3 C-√ P-b-e-fn-X H-cp ]mT-hpw ]Tn-®n-´n-√ P-b-e-fn-X-sb F-ß-s\-bm-Wv \-Ωp-sS ]p-tcm-K-a-\ cm-jv-{So-b Nn-¥-I-∑m¿ hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv? P-b-e-fn-X H-cp a-tX-X-c-˛-P-\m-[n-]-Xy-˛-]p-tcm-K-a-\ cm-jv{So-b i-‡n-bm-Wv F-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ A-h¿-°v kw-i-b-ap-≠m-hn-√. tZ-io-bX-e-Øn¬ C-Ø-c-Øn-sem-cp aq-∂mw ap-∂-Wn cq-]-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ F.-_n. _¿-Zm≥ ap-X¬ ko-Xm-dmw sb-®q-cn h-sc-bp-≈ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv hn-π-h-Im-cnIƒ sN-sss∂-°v hn-am-\w I-b-dn t]m-b-kv Km¿-U-s≥-d Xo-´q-cw hm-ßn aS-ßm-Xn-cn-°n-√. tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-tb-bpw tIm¨-{K-kn-t\-bpw A-h¿ ]p-Xnb ap-∂-Wn-bp-sS tIm-em-b-bn¬ I-b-dm≥ k-Ω-Xn-®p-sh-∂p-h-cn-√. ]-t£, Pb-e-fn-X-bv-°v ap-∂-Wn-bp-sS s_-Uv-dq-an¬ X-s∂ ku-I-cy-sam-cp-°pw.- - - -C-S-Xp-]-£-˛-]p-tcm-K-a-\ cm-jv-{So-b {]-ÿm-\-߃ kzo-I-cn-°p-∂ Nn-e cm-jv-{So-b \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ F-{X A¿-Y-c-ln-X-am-sW-∂p sh-fn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv C-Xv. H-cp Zn-h-kw t]m-epw s]m-Xp-{]-h¿-Ø-\w \-S-Øn-bn-´n-√m-Ø H-cp N-e®n-{X \-Sn, A-¥-cn-® N-e-®n-{X \-S-\m-b t\-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp-≈ A-Sp-∏w sIm≠p am-{Xw t\-Xm-hn-s≥-d I-tk-c-bn¬ I-b-dn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. tIm¨-sh≥-dv hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw k-h¿-W-Pm-Xn ]-›m-Ø-e-hpw k-º-Øpw ku-µ-cy-hpw am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p ssI-ap-X¬. ]n-d-tIm-´p Xn-cn-™p-t\m-°ptºmƒ F-Sp-Øp ]-d-bm-hp-∂ kw-`-h-߃ A-[n-I-sam-∂pw s]-dp-°n-sb-Sp°m-\n-√. cm-{„o-b-\n-e-]m-tSm B-Z¿-i-tam, X-Øz-tam H-∂pw t]-cn-\p-t]m-epan-√. F-∂n-´p-sa-¥p-sIm-≠v ]p-tcm-K-a-\-˛-a-tX-X-c i-‡n-Iƒ P-b-e-fn-X-tbm11
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sSm-∏w \n¬-°p-∂p F-∂ tNm-Zyw A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂p.- - - -_n.-sP.-]n-bp-am-bn ]n-W-ßn-∏n-cn-™m¬ B \n-an-jw ap-X¬ H-cp I-£n a-tX-X-c-I-£n-bm-hpw F-∂-Xm-Wv \-Ωp-sS k-{º-Zm-bw. A-X-\p-k-cn-®v, I-gn™ s]m-Xp Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v ap-X¬ P-b-e-fn-X-bp-sS F.-sF.-F.-Un.-Fw.-sI. a-tX-X-c I-£n-bm-Wv. kn.-]n.-Fw, kn.-]n.-sF. I-£n-I-fp-am-bn Xn-c-s™-Sp∏n¬ ap-∂-Wn-°n-S-∏-d ]-¶n-Sp-hm≥ X-øm-dp-≈ I-£n ]p-tcm-K-a-\ I-£n-bmWv. B A¿-Y-Øn¬ F.-sF.-F.-Un.-Fw.-sI. ]p-tcm-K-a-\ I-£n-bp-am-Wv. kn.-]n.-sF-bpw kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw tIm¨-{K-kpw X-an-gv am-\n-e tIm¨-{K-kp-sa√mw tN¿-∂m-Wv P-b-e-fn-X-sb X-an-gv-\m-´n¬ A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ Xn-cn-®p-sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. A-h-c-Xn-s\ ^m-kn-Ãv hn-cp-≤-˛-a-tX-X-c {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s≥-d hn-Pb-am-bn sIm-´n-tLm-jn-®p.- - - -P-b-e-fn-X-bv-°v a-tX-X-c-Xz-Øn-s≥-d-bpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d-bpw sXm∏n-Iƒ sh-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h¿ a-d-°p-I-bpw a-d-®p-sh-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ Iptd Im-cy-ß-fp-≠v. A-tbm-[y-bn¬ B-Zyw in-em-\ym-kw \-S-∂-t∏mƒ A-Xns\ \ym-bo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw i-cn-sh-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-X G-I "a-tX-X-c ]m¿-´n' Pb-e-fn-X-bp-sS ]m¿-´n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A-∂p-sXm-´v, {In-an-\¬ tI-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂p c-£-s∏-Sm≥ tNm-Zn-®-sX-√m-sam-∂pw hm-Pv-t]-bn X-cp-∂n-s√-∂p I-≠v F≥.-Un.-F-bp-sS ]-Sn-bn-d-ßn-t∏m-cp-∂-Xp-h-sc "ln-µp-h¿-Ko-b-^m-knÃp'Iƒ-s°m-∏w \n-∂ I-£n-bm-Wv F.-sF.-F.-Un.-Fw.-sI. \-b-tam, X-Øztam,B-Z¿-i-tam H-∂p-a-√ A-h-cp-sS {]-iv-\-sa-∂v A-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ B-cp-an-√. \q-dp-i-X-am-\w hy-‡n-]-c-hpw kzm¿-Y-em-`m-[n-jvTn-X-hp-am-b A-P-≠ sIm≠p-\-S-°p-∂ H-cp cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xm-hv P-b-e-fn-X-b-√m-sX C-¥y-bn¬ th-sd C-√. C-Xp a-d-∂v, P-b-e-fn-X-bp-sS ]p-X-∏n-\p-≈n¬ C-Sw I-s≠-Øp-I-bm-Wv \-Ωp-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy a-tX-X-c I-£n-I-sf-√mw sN-bv-X-Xv. X-an-gv-\m-Sv A-\p-`hn-°p-∂ Zp-c-¥-Øn-\v Cu I-£n-Iƒ Iq-Sn Im-c-W-°m-cm-Wv.- - - -C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-sb ^m-kn-sÃ-∂v ap-{Z-Ip-Øn-b-h-cm-Wv kn.-]n.-sF. H-gnsI-bp-≈ A-∂-sØ {]-Xn-]-£ I-£n-I-sf-√mw. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw C-µn-cm-Km‘n G-Im-[n-]-Xy {]-h-W-X-Iƒ {]-I-S-am-°n-b `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]-t£, cm-Py-Øv A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ {]-Jym-]n-°p-I-bpw sk≥-k¿-jn-∏v G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sN-øp-tºmƒ am-{X-am-tWm ^m-kn-kw ]p-d-Øp-h-cn-I? A-Snb-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bpw sk≥-k¿-jn-∏pw H-∂pw C-√m-sX, C-Xv C-¥y-bn¬ X-s∂bm-tWm kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv F-∂p tNm-Zn-®p-t]m-Ipw hn-[w A-Xn-{I-a-ß-fpw GIm-[n-]-Xy-hpw A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-ep-I-fpw A-c-tß-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p X-an-gv \m-´n¬. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n {]-I-Sn-∏n-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ B-bn-cw a-S-ßv _o-`-’-am-b G-Im-[n]-Xy-hpw ^m-kn-k-hpw sIm-®p X-an-gv-\m-Sn-t∑¬ A-Sn-t®¬-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p P-b-e-fn-X. `-c-W-L-S-\-bpw tIm-S-Xn-bp-sam-∂p-an-√m-Ø Nn-e B-{^n12
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °≥ cm-Py-ß-fn-se-∂-t]m-se, ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-sc-bpw s]m-Xp-{]-h¿-Ø-I-scbp-sa-√mw P-b-e-fn-X t]m-eo-kn-t\-bpw Kp-≠-I-tf-bpw C-d-°n-hn-´v X-√n \n-cØp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bn¬ a-s‰m-cn-S-Øpw Cu A-c \q-‰m-≠n-\n-S-bn¬ C{X-bpw X-cw-Xm-W cm-jv-{So-bw Im-Wm≥ I-gn-™n-cn-°n-√. I-cp-Wm-\n-[n kw`-hw C-Xn¬ G-‰-hpw H-Sp-hn¬ \-S-∂ Im-cy-am-sW-t∂ D-≈q.- - - -kn-\n-a-bp-sS am-bn-I tem-I-Øn¬ \n-∂v C-t∏m-gpw c-£-s∏-´n-´n-√m-Ø P-\-X-bm-Wv X-an-gv-\m-´n-ep-≈-Xv. B-cm-[-\-bpw tkv-\-l-hpw A-h¿ A-f-hn√m-sX sNm-cn-bpw. P-b-e-fn-X-bv-°v A-h¿ B-Im-i-tØm-f-ap-b¿-∂ ÿm-\-amWv \¬-In-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-sX-√mw I-f-™p-Ip-fn-®v H-cp b-£n-sb-t∏m-se ap∂n¬ h-∂p \n¬-°p-∂p F-∂p tXm-∂n-b-t∏m-gm-Wv X-an-gv P-\-X \n-b-a-k-`bn-sem-cp I-tk-c t]m-epw sIm-Sp-°m-sX P-b-e-fn-X-sb h-en-s®-dn-™-Xv. Nh-‰p-Ip-´-bn¬ \n-∂v Xn-cn-s®-Sp-Øv A-h-sc ho-≠pw ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-°n-b-Xv t\-c-sØ sN-bv-X-Xv sX-‰m-bn-t∏m-sb-∂ Ip-‰-t_m-[w sIm-≠m-tWm? - - - -X-an-gv P-\-X P-b-e-fn-X-sb Xn-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂-Xv, Ip-‰-t_m-[w sIm-≠p am-{X-am-h-W-sa-∂n-√. A-©p-h¿-j-sØ A-\p-`-h-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v A-h¿ ]mT߃ ]Tn-®n-´p-≠m-hp-sa-∂pw ]-g-b sX-‰p-Iƒ B-h¿-Øn-°m-sX, {]-Xn-Im-cß-fn¬ ap-gp-Im-sX P-\-߃-°p th-≠n {]-h¿-Øn-°p-sa-∂pw P-\-߃ [-cn®n-cn-°mw. C-¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-N-cn-{Xw H-cp Im-cyw hy-‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. Hcp `-c-W-Øn-s≥-d sX-‰p-Iƒ-°v H-cp in-£-tb P-\-߃ \¬-Im-dp-≈q. lnµp a-\- n-\v A-Xn-s≥-d s]¨-a-°-sf H-∂n-te-sd X-h-W X-√n-b-I-‰m-\m-hn√. F-√m Ip-‰-hpw sX-‰pw a-d-∂v, tZ-jy-sam-∂-S-ßp-tºmƒ Xn-cn-®p-hn-fn-®v a°-sf sI-´n-∏n-Sn-®p I-c-bp-∂-Xm-Wv C-¥y≥ a-\- v. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS Xncn-®p-h-c-hn-\pw P-b-e-fn-X-bp-sS Xn-cn-®p-h-c-hn-\pw A-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv A¿-Yw. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬ P-\-߃-°v a-s‰m-cp h-gn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂ bm-Ym¿-Yy-hp-ap-≠v. ]-e-Xm-bn ]n-f¿-∂ P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-°v A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ Xn-cn-®p-h-cm≥ km-[y-hp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. kz-¥w sX-‰p-Iƒ k-Ω-Xn-°m≥ am{Xw C-µn-cm-Km-‘n H-cn-°-epw D-b-cp-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. F-∂m¬ sX-‰p-Iƒ Bh¿-Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\p-≈ hn-th-Iw A-h¿-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. P-b-e-fn-X-bv-°v A-Xp-≠m-hp-sa-∂v X-an-gv P-\-X sh-dp-tX tam-ln-®p-t]m-b-Xm-Wv. C-√, P-b-efn-X H-cp ]mT-hpw ]Tn-®n-´n-√. C-\n ]Tn-°m-\pw km-[y-X-bn-√.-" 2001Pq-em-b- v- 15 ˛- 21
4 Nm-b {]-Xn-Om-b, hn-am-\-bm-{X k-µ¿-i-I¿-°v Nm-b-sIm-Sp-°m≥ a-Sn-bp-≈ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-Wv F.-sI. B≥-dWn. Nm-b-bp-sS sN-e-hv h-ln-°m≥ K-Xn-bn-√m-Ø k¿-°m¿ B-Wv C-hn-sSbp-≈-sX-∂-Xv am-{X-a-√ {]-iv-\w. \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬ sIm-√-t¥m-dpw Aw-K-߃ tNm-Zn-°p-∂ Nn-e ÿn-cw tNm-Zy-ß-fp-≠v. a-{¥n-am¿ A-Xn-Yn-k-ev-°m-c-Øn\v F-{X cq-] sN-e-hm-°n? F-{X cq-]-bp-sS t^m¨ hn-fn-®p? Cu tNm-Zy-ßfp-sS D-Ø-cw ]n-t‰-∂v F-√m ]-{X-ß-fpw s]-´n-bn-en-´v {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw. Nmb-Ip-Sn-bn¬.-.-.-.-. ap-∂n¬, t^m¨ hn-fn-bn¬ .-.-.-.-.-. ]n-∂n¬.- - - -]-{X-Øn¬ h-cp-∂ Cu ]-´n-I-bn¬ ap-∂n¬ \n-ev-°m≥ C-jv-S-an-√m-Ø ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-Wv B≥-d-Wn. ]-{Xw hm-bn-°p-∂ P-\-Øn-s≥-d I-a≥-dv F-¥mbn-cn-°p-sa-∂v B≥-d-Wn-°-dn-bmw. "Hm.-.-.-. H-cp e-£w cq-]-bp-sS Nm-b Ip-Sn®p-h-s{X Zp-jv-S≥. A-{X-bpw Im-ip-sIm-≠v ]-Øv Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\v H-cp h¿jw ]-´n-Wn-bn-√m-sX I-gn-bmw.-.-.-.-.-' ap-Jy-a-{¥n-b-√, C-{X-bpw cq-]-bp-sS Nm-b Ip-Sn-®p h-‰n-°p-∂-sX-∂v \-ap-°-dn-bmw. Hm-^o-kn¬ \-S-°p-∂ tbm-K-ß-fnepw k-µ¿-i-I¿-°pw \-ev-Ip-∂ Nm-b-bm-W-Xv. C-Xv bm-Ym¿-Yyw. ap-Jy-a-{¥n e-£w cq-]-bp-sS Nm-b Ip-Sn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xv {]-Xn-Om-b. {]-Xn-Om-b-sb s]m∂p-t]m-se kw-c-£n-®p \-S-°p-∂ t\-Xm-hm-Wv F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn. B-Z¿-ihm≥, A-gn-a-Xn-c-ln-X≥, Km-‘n-Pn-tb-°mƒ e-fn-X-Po-hn-Xw \-bn-°p-∂ Bƒ.-.-.-. F-∂n-ß-s\ t]m-I-Ww {]-Xn-Om-b-bp-sS L-S-I-߃. A-Xn-\p-th≠n Io-dn-b J-Z¿-j¿-´v, sN-cn-∏n-√m-Ø \-S-∏v.-.-.-.-. C-Xv F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn F∂ t\-Xm-hn-s≥-d cm-{„o-b-hn-]-Wn-bn-se P-\-k-Ω-Xn-°p-≈ G-I Im-c-W-amWv. hm-Wn-Py ]mT-]p-kv-X-I-ß-fn¬ C-Xn-\v "bp-\n-Iv sk-√n-Mv s{]m-]-knj≥' F-t∂m a-t‰m ]-d-bpw. H-cp D-Xv-]-∂w hn-]-Wn-bn¬ hn-‰-gn-bm≥ k-lm14
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bn-°p-∂ L-S-I-am-W-Xv. B Kp-Ww, A-Xn-t\m-Sv a-’-cn-°p-∂ a-‰v D-Xv-]-∂߃-°p-≠m-hn-√. B Kp-W-Øn¬ Du-∂n-bm-Wv km-[-\-Øn-s≥-d Un-am≥-Uv Iq-´p-∂-Xv. H-∂p-≠v. C-tX Kp-W-ap-≈ a-‰v D-Xv-]-∂-߃ hn-]-Wn-bn¬ h-∂pIq-Sm. h-∂m¬ C-Xn-s≥-d I-®-h-Sw ]q-´pw.- - - -B-Z¿-i-hm-\m-sW-∂ {]-Xn-Om-b \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I F-∂-Xm-Wv F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-bp-sS hn-]-Wn-bn-se hn-P-b-Øn-\v A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-b G-I L-S-Iw. a-s‰m-∂p-Iq-Sn-bp-≠v. C-tX Kp-W-ap-≈ a-‰p-Xv-]-∂-߃ hn-]-Wn-bn¬ h-∂p-IqSm. B-Z¿-i-hm-∑m¿ A-c-U-k≥ D-s≠-¶n¬ B≥-d-Wn P-\-k-Ω-Xn-bp-sS hn]-Wn-bn¬ s]m-´pw. cm-{„o-b-am-b Ip-_p-≤n, Ip-Sn-e-X-{¥-⁄-X, ]-W-Øns≥-d i-‡n, Pm-Xn-bp-sS-tbm a-X-Øn-s≥-d-tbm ]n≥-_-ew, `-c-W-]-c-am-b Ign-hv Xp-S-ßn H-cp cm-{„o-b-t\-Xm-hn-s\ \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂ a-‰v L-S-I-ß-sfm∂pw C-√m-Xn-cn-s° B-Z¿-i-Øn-s≥-d ]p-d-ta-\n Iq-Sn C-√m-Xm-bm¬ F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn, Pn-√m-X-e-Øn¬ D-Zn-®v A-kv-X-an-°p-∂ H-cp {]m-tZ-in-I t\-Xm-hv am-{X-am-bn-t∏m-Ipw. C-Ø-c-sam-cp A-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Hm-^o-kn¬ h-cp-∂-h¿-°v Nm-b sIm-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠n h-t∂-°pw. B≥-d-Wn-tbm-Sv \Ωƒ ]-cn-`-hn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Im-cy-an-√.- - - -Nm-b sIm-Sp-°m-\pw sN-cn-∏n-Sm-\pw a-Sn-°p-∂ t\-Xm-hv, U¬-ln-bn¬ \n∂v Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ-Øm≥ hm-bp-tk-\-bp-sS {]-tXy-I hn-am-\-Øn¬ k©-cn-®v 14 e-£w cq-] sN-e-hp h-cp-Øn-sh-®p-sh-∂ hn-hm-Z-Øn¬ sN-∂ps]-´-Xv hn-tcm-[m-`m-kw X-s∂. F.-sI.-B≥-d-Wn X-\n-°v {]-tXy-Iw hn-am\w B-h-iy-s∏-´p-sh-∂ ]-cm-Xn-sbm-∂pw B¿-°pw C-√. B≥-d-Wn tNm-Zn°n-√ F-∂p \-ap-°-dn-bmw. B≥-d-Wn tNm-Zn-®m¬ U¬-ln-bn¬ hn-am-\-sa∂-√ tI-{µ k¿-°m-dn-s≥-d H-cp ssk-°nƒ t]m-epw B-cpw F-Sp-Øp-sIm-Sp°n-√. A-t∏mƒ ]n-s∂ B-cm-Wv B≥-d-Wn-°p th-≠n hn-am-\w hn-´p-sIm-Sp°m≥ D-Ø-c-hn-´-Xv? A-h-cp-sS t]-scm-∂pw \-Ωƒ tI-´n-t´-bn-√. b-Ym¿-YØn¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn, A-∂v hn-am-\w hn-´p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ D-Ø-c-hn-´-h-cm-Wv. k-Xy{]-Xn-⁄ sN-øm-\p-≈ hy-{K-X-bn¬ {]-tXy-I hn-am-\w F-∂p tI-´-t∏mƒØ-s∂ A-Xn¬ I-b-dn-t∏m-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv B≥-d-Wn-°p ]-‰n-b sX-‰v. F\n-°v {]-tXy-I hn-am-\-sam-∂pw th-≠, Rm≥ F-b¿-sse≥-kv hn-am-\-Øn¬ Sn-°-‰v F-Sp-Øp t]m-bn-t°m-fmw F-∂p ]-d-bm≥ B≥-d-Wn-°v I-gn-™n-√. {]-tXy-I hn-am-\-Øn-se bm-{X P-\-ß-fn-se-Øp-sa-∂pw hn-hm-Z-am-Ip-sa-∂pw B≥-d-Wn A-t∂m¿-Øn-√. H-cp sN-dn-b _p-≤n-tam-iw. C-Xn-sem-cp X-ØzØn-s≥-d {]-iv-\-ap-≠v F-∂v A-∂v B≥-d-Wn-°v tXm-∂n-b-tX C-√. C-∂pw, B≥-d-Wn-°v C-Xv X-Øz-Øn-s≥-d {]-iv-\-a-√, {]-Xn-Om-b-bp-sS {]-iv-\-am-Wv. A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv tI-c-f k¿-°m¿ ]-W-a-S-bv-°p-sa-∂v B-Zyw tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ ]-d-bp-I-bpw ]n-t‰-∂v ]m¿-´n A-S-bv-°p-sa-∂v Xn-cp-Øn-∏-d-bp-I-bpw sN-bv-XXv. i-cn sN-øp-∂-h¿ hn-hm-Z-ß-sf `-b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√.15
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - - - -bm-Ym¿-Yy-hpw {]-Xn-Om-b-bpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-¥-c-am-Wv {]-iv-\w. B≥-dWn {]-tXy-I hn-am-\-Øn¬ h-∂-Xn-s≥-d _n¬ ]n-t‰-∂p-X-s∂ tI-c-f k¿°m-tdm tI-{µ-tam A-S-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ C-ß-s\-sbm-cp hn-hm-Zw P-\n-°p-It]m-ep-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. sN-dp-a-°-fp-sS tNm-dq-Wn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°m≥ {]-tXy-I hnam-\-Øn¬ h-∂ tI-{µ a-{¥n-am-cn-hn-sS-bp-≠v. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v {]-Nm-c-WØn¬ {]-kw-Kn-°m≥ ssk-\n-I hn-am-\-Øn¬ ]-d-°p-∂ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-am¿ C-∂m-´n-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Xm≥ tNm-Zn-®m¬ hn-am-\w In-´p-I-bn-s√-∂-Xp-sIm≠v, hn-am-\w tNm-Zn-®m¬ In-´p-∂ h-Ip-∏p-a-{¥n-sb-s°m-≠v hn-am-\-sa-Sp-∏n-® tI-{µ-a-{¥n-am-cp-≠v. h-Ip-∏p-a-{¥n sh-dp-sX hn-am-\-Øn¬ Iq-\n-°q-Sn D-d-°wXq-ßn-bn-cn-°pw. a-t‰ a-{¥n t]m-tI-≠n-S-Øp t]m-Ipw. F-{X cq-]-bm-Ipw hnam-\-°q-en? B-cpw A-t\z-jn-°m-dn-√. C-sXm-∂pw H-cn-°-epw hn-hm-Z-am-bn-´pan-√.- - - -F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-bn k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄ sN-øp-∂-Xn-\p ap≥]m-Wv {]-tXy-I hn-am-\-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄ sN-bv-X ti-j-am-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-sX-¶n-tem? ]-Ww tI-c-f k¿-°m¿ A-S-bv-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. \m-a-Xn-s\-°p-dn-s®m-∂pw tIƒ-°p-I-t]m-ep-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-Ip∂-Xn-\p ap≥-t]m ti-j-tam F-∂ Xn-I-®pw km-t¶-Xn-Iw am-{X-am-b Im-cyØn-em-Wv hn-a¿-i-I¿ Du-∂n-b-Xv. k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄ sN-øm≥ hn-am-\-sa-Sp-Øp h-∂-Xv sX-‰v. A-Xp I-gn-™v \-c-knw-l-dm-hp-hn-t\m-Sv \-µn-]-d-bm≥ t]m-Ip∂-Xn-\v hn-am-\-sa-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ i-cn-˛-]-cn-lm-ky-am-Wv Cu bp-‡n.- - - -hn-am-\-°q-en tIm¨-{K- v ]m¿-´n A-S-®m¬ {]-iv-\w Xo-cp-sa-∂m-Ipw B≥-d-Wn I-cp-Xp-∂-Xv. k¿-°m-dn-s≥-d ]-Ww-t]m-te ]m-h-\-am-Wv ]m¿-´n-bpsS ]-W-hpw. k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bp-tS-Xm-sW-¶n¬ t]m-epw A-Xn\p-th-≠n ]m¿-´n C-{X ]-Ww sN-e-hm-t°-≠ Im-cy-an-√. [q¿-Ø-Sn-°m≥ th≠n B-cpw ]m¿-´n-°v kw-`m-h-\ \-ev-Im-dn-√-t√m. ]m¿-´n-sb-s°m-≠v sIm-Sp∏n-®v {]-iv-\w Xo¿-°m≥ B≥-d-Wn-°v I-gn-t™-°pw. ]-t£, Cu Z-cn-{Z-cmPy-Øv A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ tI-dn-∏-‰m-\pw A-Xn¬ I-Sn-®p-Xq-ßm-\pw t\-Xr-h¿Kw s]m-Xp-P-\-Øn-s≥-d Im-iv F-{X-am-{Xw [q¿-Ø-Sn-°p-∂p F-∂ bm-Ym¿Yyw a-d-®p-sh-bv-°m≥ C-Xp-sIm-s≠m-∂pw I-gn-bp-I-bn-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv bmYm¿-Yyw. B≥-d-Wn-sb-t∏m-sem-cp B-Z¿-i-hm-s≥-d \n-e-bn-sX-¶n¬, {]-XnOm-b-sb `-b-an-√m-Ø I-cp-Wm-I-c-∑m-cpw dm-hp-am-cpw F-{X-tIm-Sn cq-] \-in∏n-®n-cn-°pw? F-¥n-\p-th-≠n \-S-Øn-sb-∂m¿-°pw A-dn-bm-Ø hn-tZ-i-bm-{XIƒ-°p-th-≠n \m-b-\m-cp-am¿ F-{X e-£w Xp-e-®n-cn-°pw? " 2001 B-K-kv-Xv- 12 ˛- 18
5 A-`n-am-\-am-bn am-dn-b A-]-am-\-߃ Nn-e Im-cy-߃ B-Zy-sam-s° h-en-b \m-W-t°-Sm-bn tXm-∂pw. B-sc-¶nepw Im-Wp-∂-Xpw tIƒ-°p-∂-Xpw H-gn-hm-°m≥ ]-c-am-h-[n {i-an-°pw. ]t£, sN-øm-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]-‰n-√. Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m¬ \mW-t°-Spw A-]-am-\-hp-sam-s° B-hn-bm-bn t]m-Ipw. Ip-td-°-gn-™m¬ ]≠v A-]-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv A-`n-am-\-ap-≈ Im-cy-am-Ipw. ap≥-]v ]-d-bm≥ a-Sn®n-cp-∂-Xv, \m-ep-t]-tcm-Sv ]-d-™n-s√-¶n¬ D-d-°w h-cm-Ø H-∂m-Ipw.- -]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°p-≈n-se {Kq-∏p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]-g-b k-¶-ev-]-sa-¥m-Wv? ]m¿-´n-°-I-Øv {Kq-∏n-k-ap-t≠m F-∂v tNm-Zn-®m¬ D-≠v F-∂v, Im¬-\q-‰m≠p-ap≥-]v H-cp cm-jv-{So-b-I-£n-bp-sS t\-Xm-hpw a-dp-]-Sn ]-d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. {Kq-∏p-I-tfm {Kq-∏n-k-tam ]m¿-´n-bn-en-s√-∂v t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p-≈ {i-a-amWv t\-Xm-hv \-S-Øp-I. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°-I-Øv hy-‡n-Iƒ {Kq-∏p-I-fm-bn Xn-cn™p-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv h-f-sc tam-iw Im-cy-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv A-Xv ]p-d-Øp-]d-bm≥-X-s∂ B-flm-`n-am-\-ap-≈ t\-Xm-°ƒ a-Sn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. H-cp B-Z¿-iØn¬ hn-iz-kn-®v, H-cp sIm-Sn-°p-Io-gn¬ D-d-®p-\n¬-°p-∂ B-fp-I-fp-sS Iq´-am-W-t√m ]m¿-´n. A-hn-sS hy-‡n-]-c-am-b ]-cn-K-W-\-I-fn-√. B-Z¿-i-Ønepw ]m¿-´n-bn-epw D-≈ hn-izm-k-hpw tk-h-\-Øn-\pw Xym-K-Øn-\p-ap-≈ k∂-≤-X-bpw am-{X-am-Wv A-h-sc ap-t∂m-´p-\-bn-°p-∂-Xv. a-s‰m-∂pw A-h¿-°v {]-iv-\-a-√.- -Aw-K-߃ {Kq-∏v B-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv Kp-cp-X-c-am-b A-®-S-°-ew-L-\am-bn I-cp-Xp-∂ ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-X-s∂-bp-≠v. G-sX-¶n-epw ]-Z-hn-bn-te-°v B¿s°-¶n-epw th-≠n {]-Nm-c-Ww \-S-Øp-∂-Xpw F-s¥-¶n-epw \n-e-]m-Sn¬ ]n17
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ¥p-W-bp-≠m-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂-Xpw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-I-fn¬ in-£ e-`n-°mhp-∂ A-®-S-°-ew-L-\-am-Wv. ÿn-Xn-K-Xn-Iƒ tam-i-am-bn h-cp-∂p-s≠-∂-Xv i-cn-X-s∂. F-¶n¬-t]m-epw, {Kq-∏n-kw \m-W-t°-Sm-bn I-cp-Xp-∂-h-cm-Wv C∂pw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv {]-h¿-Ø-I¿.- -tIm¨-{K- n-\v C-sXm-∂pw _m-[-I-a-√. C-t∏mƒ am-{X-am-tWm ]-≠pw tIm¨-{K- n¬ {Kq-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´n-t√ F-∂v \ym-b-am-bn tNm-Zy-ap-b-cmw. ]≠pw {Kq-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-bp-sS Im-e-Øpw {Kq-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Km-‘n-bpw kp-`m-jv-N-{µ-t_m-kpw c-≠v {Kq-∏p-I-fp-sS t\-Xm-°-fm-bn s]m-cp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v F-∂p-t]m-epw ]-d-bmw. Km-‘n-Pn-bp-sS ÿm-\m¿-Yn-sb tXm-ev-]n-®m-Wv kp-`m-jv F.-sF.-kn.-kn. {]-kn-U-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. H-Øp-Xo¿-∏n\v Km-‘n-Pn h-g-ßm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv kp-`m-jv {]-kn-U-≠v-ÿm\w cm-Pn-sh-®-Xv. A-sXm-s° i-cn-bm-Wv. ]-t£, B {Kq-∏n-k-hpw C-∂-sØ {Kq-∏n-k-hpw H-∂m-tWm? - -A-∂v ]m¿-´n-°-I-Øv hy-‡n-Iƒ kw-Lw tN¿-∂n-cp-∂-Xv X-Øz-ß-fn-tem \-b-ß-fn-tem D-≈ tbm-Pn-∏p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Km-‘n-Pn-bpw s\-lv-dp-hpw t_m-kpw X-Ωn-se-√m-ap-≈ `n-∂-X-Iƒ \q-dp-i-X-am-\w B-i-b-]-c-am-bn-cp∂p. `n-∂-X-Iƒ-s°-√m-an-S-bn-epw ]-c-kv-]-cw _-lp-am-\n-°m-\pw hn-e-a-Xn°m-\pw A-h¿-°v I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. "a-lm-flm' Km-‘n F-∂v B-Zyw {]-tbm-Kn®-Xp-X-s∂ kp-`m-jv-N-{µ-t_m-km-sW-∂v tI-´n-´p-≠v.- -Ip-d-®p-Im-e-am-bn tIm¨-{K- n¬ Im-Wp-∂-Xv C-Xn-s≥-d a-t‰ A-‰-am-Wv. {Kq-∏n-k-sØ-°p-dn-®v tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿ e-h-te-iw \m-W-t°-Sn-√m-sX ]-cky-am-bn ]-d-bp-∂p F-∂-X-√ Im-cyw. C-t∏mƒ tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿-°v A-X√m-sX a-s‰m-∂pw ]-d-bm-\n-√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. a-’-cn-°m-\p-≈ ko-‰p-I-sf°p-dn-®v, ]-¶p-In-t´-≠ {Kq-∏p-Iƒ F-{X F-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v, Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cpsS-bpw Hm-l-cn-sb-°p-dn-®v-˛-C-h-sb-s®m-√n-bm-bn-cp-∂p \n-b-a-k-`m Xn-c-s™Sp-∏n-\v sXm-´p-ap≥-]v tIm-em-l-ew. X-Ωn¬ X-√p-∂-Xv I-≠v \m-Ww-sI-´v P\w C-S-Xp-ap-∂-Wn-sb-Ø-s∂ ho-≠pw `-c-W-Øn-te-‰n-tb-°p-sa-∂p-t]m-epw \n-co-£-I¿-°v tXm-∂n-t∏m-bn. F-∂n-´pw tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿ Ip-ep-ßn-bn-√. {]-Nm-c-W-Øn-\n-S-bn-epw A-h¿ X-√n-s°m-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. `-c-Ww In-´n-b D-Ss\ a-{¥n-ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®m-bn I-e-lw. H-cp-hn-[w A-X-h-km-\n-®-t∏mƒ, tIm¿-∏-td-j≥, t_m¿-Uv sN-b¿-am≥-ÿm-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-bn A-Sn-]n-Sn. AX-h-km-\n-®n-´n-√. A-Xn-\p ap≥-]v, sI.-]n.-kn.-kn.-bp-sS `m-c-hm-ln-I-fm-cm-bncn-°-W-sa-∂ Im-cy-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ I-i-]n-i Xp-S-ßn. H-cp-k-a-bw H-cp {]-iv\-sØ-s®m-√n-tb A-Sn-]n-Sn-Iq-Sm≥ ]m-Sp-≈q F-s∂m-∂pw hy-h-ÿ-bn-√-t√m.- -a-X-hn-Im-cw, ssew-Kn-I-hn-Im-cw F-s∂-√mw ]-d-bpw-t]m-se-bp-≈ H-cw-Ko18
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Ir-X ]-Z-am-Wn-t∏mƒ tIm¨-{K- n¬ {Kq-∏v-hn-Im-c-hpw. ]n.-kn. Nm-t°m-hn-\v {Kq-∏v hn-Im-cw t]m-c F-∂-Xm-Wv, "sF' {Kq-∏n-\-I-Øp-≠m-b B-`y-¥-c-bp-≤Øn-s≥-d A-Sn-ÿm-\w. B-dv ]-Xn-‰m-≠n-te-sd cm-jv-{So-b-Øn¬ k-I-e-Xpw A-\p-`-hn-® sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c-\p-t]m-epw Cu \m-fp-I-fn-epw {Kq-∏v-hn-Im-cw sIm-Sp-ºn-cn-s°m-≈p-∂p. k-ao-]-Im-e-Øv I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ "F-s≥-d ]m¿-´n' F∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xm-cpw tI-´n-´n-√. "F-s≥-d {Kq-∏v' F-t∂ A-t±-lw ]-d-bm-dp-≈p. F-√m {Kq-∏p-Iƒ-°pw ap-I-fn¬, F-√m-h-cp-sS-bpw A-`n-h-µy-t\-Xm-hm-bn D-b¿∂p-h-cm≥ A-h-k-c-ap-≠m-bn-´pw, "tl-bv A-sXm-∂pw th-≠, Rm-s\m-cp {Kq∏v t\-Xm-hm-bn C-hn-sS I-gn-™p-Iq-Sn-s°m-≈mw' F-∂m-W-t±-lw "hn-\b'tØm-sS ]-d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- -X-s≥-d-Iq-sS \n¬-°p-∂-h-cp-sS F-Æw ]-d-™v, A-h¿-°p-th-≠n ko-‰p-Ifpw ÿm-\-ß-fpw cm-hpw ]-I-epw hn-e-t]-in hm-ßn-bn-cp-∂ sI. I-cp-Wm-Ic-\v ]-e-t∏m-gpw A-h-cn¬-\n-∂v Xn-cn-®-Sn hm-tß-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v. I-cp-Wm-Ic≥ t\-Xr-Xz-ß-fn-te-°v D-b¿-Øn-s°m-≠p-h-∂ ]-e-cpw kz-¥w h-gn t\m°n th-sd {Kq-∏p-I-fm-bn am-dp-∂-Xv \mw I-≠n-´p-≠v. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. {]-kn-U≠v-ÿm-\w-h-sc, I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥-d ]p-{X-tkv-\-lw-sIm-≠v am-{X-sa-Øn-b sI. ap-c-fo-[-c-\p-t]m-epw {Kq-∏n-s\-°mƒ h-ep-Xm-Wv ]m¿-´n-sb-∂v tXm-∂nbn-cn-°p-∂p. {Kq-∏v-hn-Im-cw C-{X-th-Kw A-W-™p-t]m-tbm F-∂m-Wv ap-c-fntbm-Sv k-tlm-Z-cn-bpw ]n-Xm-hpw tNm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv.- -B-fp-Iƒ X-s∂-°p-dn-®v F-¥p ]-d-bpw F-∂v t\m-t°-≠ {]m-bw I-cp-WmI-c≥ ]n-∂n-´n-cn-°p-∂p. ]p-{X-\v ]n-d-sI ]p-{Xn-sb ssI-]n-Sn-®p-b¿-Øp-I an\n-aw ]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn sIm-≠p-\-S-°m≥ A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv A-t±-l-Øn-\v H-cp {]-bm-k-hpw tXm-∂m-Ø-Xv.- -ap≥-]v \m-W-t°-Sm-bn-cp-∂-Xv C-∂v ]-{X-ß-fn¬ te-J-\-am-bpw {]-kv-Xm-h\-bm-bpw h-cp-∂p. H-cp \-hm-K-X tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xm-hv H-cp ]-{X-te-J-\-Ønep-S-\o-fw, "A-—-t\m-sSm-∏w \n¬-°p-∂', "\-Ωp-sS-bmƒ', "Iq-sS-\n¬-°p-∂', "{Kq-∏n-\p-X-s∂ ]m-c-sh-°p-∂', "{Kq-∏n-\v tZm-jw sN-øp-∂' F-∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hn-ti-j-W-ß-fm-Wv ]m¿-´n {]-h¿-Ø-I-sc-°p-dn-®v \-S-Øp-∂-Xv. G-‰-hpw Xm-sg-°n-S-bn-ep-≈ tIm¨-{K- p-Im-c-\p-t]m-epw C-h A-k-ly-ß-fm-b A«o-e-am-bn tXm-t∂-≠-Xm-Wv. A-ß-s\ tXm-∂n-b-Xm-bn kq-N-\-bn-√. Ip-td tI-´m¬ A-h-bpw B-kzm-Zy-ß-fm-hp-am-bn-cn-°mw.-" 2001 k-]v-Xw-_¿- 23 ˛- 29
6 \-ap-°v knw-l-tØm-sSm-∏w \n¬-°mw ]-Øp-h¿-jw ap≥-]v A-ta-cn-° C-dm-Jv B-{I-an-® \m-fp-I-fn¬ C-¥y-bn¬ H-cp hn-hm-Zw s]m-Sn-s]m-Sn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-dm-Jn-s\ B-{I-an-°m≥ t]mIp-∂ A-ta-cn-°≥ hn-am-\-߃-°v C-‘-\w \n-d-bv-°m≥ C-¥y-bn¬ ku-Icyw sN-bv-Xp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-≠v F-∂ hm¿-Ø-bm-Wv hn-hm-Z-ap-≠m-°n-b-Xv. B{I-a-W-Im-cn-I-fm-b A-ta-cn-°≥ km-{am-Py-Xz Zp-jv-{]-`p-°ƒ-°v C-¥y klm-bw sN-øp-I-tbm? ]m-Sn-√, ]m-Sn-√. N-{µ-ti-J-dn-s≥-d t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ k¿-°m-cn-s\ A-Sn-°m≥ H-cp h-Sn In-´n-b Nm≥-kv B-cpw I-f-™n-√. H-Sphn¬, B¿-°pw th-s≠-¶n¬ F-\n-°pw th-≠ F-∂p-]-d-™v N-{µ-ti-J¿ B ]-cn-]m-Sn \n¿-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- -C-dm-Jv-bp-≤-sØ A-^v-Lm≥-bp-≤-hp-am-bn Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-b-√. Ipssh-Øv F-∂ sIm-®p-cm-jv-{S-sØ X-s≥-d ar-Ko-b-i-‡n-sIm-≠v Io-gv-s∏-SpØp-I-bm-Wv k-±mw sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. Ip-ssh-Øn-s≥-d A-e-ap-d tI-´v a-\- en-™ A-ta-cn-° ]-g-b Cw-•o-jv I-Y-I-fn-se {]-`p-Ip-am-c-∑m-sc-t∏m-se hmfp-ta-¥n Ip-Xn-c-∏p-d-Øv h-∂n-d-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hn-√-s\ A-Sn-t®m-Sn-®v {]`p-Ip-am-c≥ Ip-ssh-Øv-kp-µ-cn-sb c-£n-®v am-tdm-S-W-®p.-.-.-. A-^v-Lm-\nÿm≥ B-sc-bpw B-{I-an-®n-´n-√, Io-g-S-°n-bn-´n-√. F-∂n-´pw A-ta-cn-°≥ tXm-°p-Iƒ A-tßm-´v Xn-cn-™p. \yq-tbm¿-°v-kw-`-hw I-gn-™ D-S≥-X-s∂ C-¥y-bp-sS {]-Jym-]-\w h-∂n-cp-∂p. A-ta-cn-°-bv-°v Xn-cn-®-Sn-°m≥ F-√m ku-I-cy-ß-fpw C-¥y sN-øpw. bp-≤w C-¥y-bp-sS a-Æn¬-\n-∂v th-≠ Ft∂-bp-≈q. F-Æ \n-d-bv-°p-I-tbm ssh-am-\n-I¿-°v `-£-Ww I-gn-°p-I-tbm ]m-´p-]m-Sp-I-tbm H-s° sN-ømw. C-dm-Jn-s\ B-{I-an-°p-tºmƒ F-Æ \n-d®p-Iq-Sm, A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-s\ B-{I-an-°p-tºmƒ F-Æ \n-d-bv-°mw. A-∂v 20
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ k-I-e-cpw F-Xn¿-Ø Im-cy-tØm-Sv C-∂v H-cmƒ-°p-t]m-epw F-Xn¿-∏n-√m-ØXv F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv? A-∂v {]-kv-Xm-h-\-bn-d-°n-b hm-Pv-t]-bn-bpw tPm¿-Pv s^¿-Wm-≠-kp-a-t√ C-∂v-cm-Pyw `-cn-°p-∂-Xv? - -C-dm-Jv-bp-≤w A-\ym-b-hpw A-^v-Lm≥-bp-≤w \ym-b-hpw B-sW-∂m-cpw ]-d-bp-∂n-√. ]n-s∂-sb-¥m-Wv ]-Øp-h¿-j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ D-≠m-b am-‰w? ]Øp-h¿-jw-sIm-≠v A-\ym-b-߃ \ym-b-ß-fm-bn am-dp-tam? sX-‰p-Iƒ i-cnI-fm-bn am-dp-tam? A-sXm-∂pw {]-k-‡-ta A-√. \m-´n¬ a-\p-jy¿ X-Ωn-ep≈ C-S-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ am-{X-ta \ym-bm-\ym-b-ß-fpw i-cn-sX-‰p-I-fpw D-≈q. \m-´nse \n-b-a-߃ Im-´n¬ _m-[-I-am-hp-I-bn-√. A-hn-sS-bp-≈-Xv "Im-S≥'\n-b-aß-fpw "Im-´p'\o-Xn-I-fp-am-Wv. "]-√q'°pw "Im-eq'°pw D-≈-h¿ Im-cyw \-SØp-∂-bn-S-am-Wv Im-Sv. Im-Sn-s≥-d A-h-ÿ ]n-s∂ a-s‰m-cn-S-tØ D-≈q-˛-A¥m-cm-jv-{S-cw-K-Øm-W-Xv. Im-´n-se ar-K-߃ X-Ωn-ep-≈ _-‘-Øn-se \oXn-bpw \ym-b-hp-sam-s°-tb cm-Py-߃ X-Ωn-ep-≈ _-‘-Øn-ep-≈q.- -A-∂v, C-dm-Jn¬ bp-≤w s]m-Sn-s]m-Sn-°p-tºmƒ, C-¥y-bn-se ap≥ {]-[m\-a-{¥n cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n F-tßm-´m-Wv ]-d-∂n-cp-∂-Xv F-t∂m¿-a-bp-t≠m? djy-bn-te-°v. {]-Xm-]-sam-s° ]-g-¶-Y-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw Im-cyw ]-d-bm-\p≈ ti-jn Ip-d-s®m-s° d-jy-°v _m-°n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. bp-≤w A-h-km-\n∏n-°m≥ d-jy-sb C-S-s]-So-°-W-sa-∂ D-t±-iy-tØm-sS-bm-Wv cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n A-tßm-´v t]m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. C-∂v tem-I-Øv \-S-°p-∂ _-l-f-߃-°n-S-bn-sem∂pw d-jy F-∂ c-≠-£-cw B-cpw tIƒ-°p-t∂-bn-√. A-ta-cn-° F-∂ h-\cm-Pm-hm-Wv B-[n-]-Xyw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂-Xv. h-\-cm-Pm-hn-\v th-≠ ku-I-cyw sN-øp-I-b-√m-sX C-¥y-sb-t∏m-ep-≈ ]m-hw sN-dp-ar-K-߃-°v F-¥p K-Xn! - -A-ta-cn-°≥ ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d B-Im-iw-ap-s´ D-b¿-∂p-\n-∂n-cp-∂ tI{µm-h-b-hw tO-Zn-®p-I-f-™-Xv _n≥-em-Z-\m-sW-∂v A-ta-cn-°-bv-°v kw-i-bap-≠v; D-d-s∏m-∂p-an-√. "ss{]w k-skv-]-Œv' F-∂m-Wv {]-kn-U-≠v _p-jv {]tbm-Kn-®-Xv. kw-i-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cn¬ H-∂m-a≥ am-{Xw. sX-fn-hp-ti-J-cn-°mt\m tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ lm-P-cm-°n tI-kv hm-Zn-°m-t\m in-£-hn-[n-°pw-h-sc Im-Øp-\n¬-°m-t\m H-∂pw t\-c-an-√. R-߃-°v kw-i-b-ap-≠v; R-ß-fn-Xm in-£n-°p-∂p. C-Xn-\v "Im-´p-\o-Xn' F-∂pw ]-d-bmw. \yq-tbm¿-°v B-{I-a-WØn-\v _n≥-em-Z≥ X-s∂ th-W-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. H-cp sh-Sn-t]m-epw s]m-´n-°msX, H-cp ssI-t_mw-_v-t]m-epw F-dn-bm-sX-bm-Wv B-bn-c-ß-sf sIm-s∂m-Sp°n-b-Xv. C-Xn-\v {]-Xn-Im-c-am-bn B-‰w-t_mw-_p-t]m-epw s]m-´n-°m-sa-∂m-Wv \o-Xn-am-∑m-cm-b cm-jv-{S-Ø-e-h-∑m¿ ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. C-¥y-°pw I-≠n-√ C-Xn¬ A-`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-kw.- -A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS \o-Xn C-¥y-bp-tS-bpw \o-Xn-bm-h-W-a-t√m. `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø21
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ \-Øn-\v {]-Xn-Im-cw sN-øm≥ cm-jv-{S-߃-°v A-h-Im-i-ap-≠v F-∂-Xv A-tacn-°-bv-°v am-{Xw _m-[-I-am-hp-∂ X-Xz-am-bn-°q-Sm. \yq-tbm¿-°n¬ a-cn-®-Xns\-°mƒ ]-e-bn-c-´n-bm-fp-Iƒ Im-iv-ao-cn¬ ]-Øp-h¿-j-am-bn a-cn-®n-´p-≠v. "ss{]w k-skv-]-Œv' A-√, kz-bw {]-Jym-]n-® Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-Wv ]m-In-kv-Xm≥. Im-iv-ao-cn-te-°v B-bp-[-ß-fpw t]m-cm-fn-I-tf-bpw C-d-°p-∂ ]m-Iv A-[o-\ Im-iv-ao-cn-se `o-I-c-hm-Zn ]-cn-io-e-\-tI-{µ-߃ C-¥y F-¥p-sIm-≠v C-∂ph-sc B-{I-an-®n-√? B-{I-an-°-W-sa-∂v, tIm¨-{K-kv `-cn-°p-tºmƒ _n.-sP.]n.-bpw _n.-sP.-]n. `-cn-°p-tºmƒ tIm¨-{K- pw ]-d-bm-dp-s≠-∂p-am-{Xw. _n≥-em-Z-s\ e-£yw-sh-°pw-t]m-se a-kq-Zv A-j¿-am-tc-bpw A-am-\p-≈Jm≥-am-tc-bpw e-£yw-sh-®v C-¥y-°v C-…m-am-_m-Zn-epw I-dm-®n-bn-epw Jfi-lm-dn-epw t_mw-_v h¿-jn-®p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-t∂m? - -`o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\w-sIm-≠v H-cp {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-tb-bpw H-cp ap≥-{]-[m-\-a-{¥ntb-bpw ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v ]u-c-∑m-tc-bpw \-jv-S-s∏-´ cm-jv-{S-am-Wv C¥y. _n≥-em-Z-s\ t_mw-_n-Sp-∂-Xn¬ H-cp sX-‰p-an-s√-¶n¬, F-¥p-sIm-≠v C-¥y-bn-Xp-h-sc cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n-sb sIm-∂ th-ep-∏n-≈ {]-`m-I-c-s\ e-£ywsh-®v Pm-^v-\-bn¬ t_mw-_n-´n-√? C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-sb sIm-∂-h-cp-sS B-Nmcy-∑m¿ {_n-´-\n-te-bpw A-ta-cn-°-bn-te-bpw kp-J-hm-k-tI-{µ-ß-fn-em-bn-cp∂n-t√? F-¥p-sIm-≠v A-hn-sS-sbm-∂pw t_mw-_v ho-Wn-√? apw-ss_ \-Kcw ap-gp-s° t_mw-_v s]m-´n-®v \q-dp-I-W-°n-\m-fp-I-sf sIm-∂ Zm-hq-Zv C{_m-lnw C-∂v Zp-_m-bn-em-tWm I-dm-®n-bn-em-tWm? C-bm-sf Xn-c-™v anssk¬ t]m-s´, H-cp tIm¨-Ã-_n-sf-¶n-epw sN-∂p-thm? - -C-Xv Im-´n-se \n-b-a-am-Wv. knw-lw sN-øp-∂-Xv A-\p-I-cn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßnbm¬ hn-Uv-Vn-°p-c-ß-s≥-d K-Xn-sb-¥m-hpw? knw-l-Øn-\v P-b-P-b-]m-Sp-Ibm-Wv F-fp-∏-am-b h-gn. _n≥-em-Z-\pw A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\pw am-{X-am-Wv `o-Ic¿. A-ta-cn-° H-cp im-¥w ]m-hw cm-Pyw. ln-tcm-jn-a-bpw hn-b-‰v-\m-apw ]-gb I-Y. tI-W¬ K-±m-^n-bp-sS ]-Xn-\m-dp-Im-cn a-Iƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS F-{X en-_nb-°m¿? `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn t\m-co-K-bpw c-≠m-bn-c-Øn-te-sd ]-\m-a-°m-cpw.-.-.-. F-{X C-dm-Jv Ip-™p-߃? c-≠p-e-£-tam ]-Øp-e-£-tam? F-√mw a-d-°pI. \-ap-°v knw-l-tØm-sSm-∏w \n¬-°mw.- " 2001 k-]v-Xw-_¿- 30 ˛- H-tŒm-_¿- 6
7 C-h¿ \-Ωp-sS {]n-b-^m-kn-Ãp-Iƒ ^m-kn-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b H-cp ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-sa-¶n-epw tIƒ-°m-sX kq-cy≥ ssh-Ip-t∂-cw A-kv-X-an-°m-dn-√. C-S-Xp-]-£ {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ G-‰-hp-a-[n-Iw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ i-Im-c-]-Zw "^m-kn-Ãv' B-Wv. _q¿-jzm, s]-‰n-_q¿-jzm XpS-ßn-b i-Im-c-߃ Ip-sd-bm-bn tIƒ-°m-dn-√. No-\-bn-se hn-π-h I-ayq-WnÃv ]m¿-´n cm-Py-sØ ap-X-em-fn-am-sc-sb-√mw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bn¬ tN¿°p-I-bpw cm-Pyw U-ªyp.-Sn.-H.-bn¬ tN-cp-I-bpw sN-bv-X C-°m-e-Øv ]-g-b iIm-c-]-Z-߃ A-tX-]-Sn {]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂-Xv i-cn-bm-Wv. "^m-kn-Ãv' A-Ø-c-Øn¬ s]-´-X-√.- -tem-I-Øv ^m-kn-kw H-cp \n-tXym-]-tbm-K-]-Z-am-bn \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ G-I cm-Pyw C-¥y-bm-Wv F-∂v Cu-bn-sS H-cp F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ kq-Nn-∏n-°p-I-bp≠m-bn. bq-tdm-∏n-tem A-ta-cn-°-bn-tem P-∏m-\n-tem C-t∏mƒ Cu hm-°v tIƒ-°n-√. C-¥y-bn¬ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. ]n≥-_-e-ap-f-f _n.-sP.-]n. k¿°m¿ A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv Cu ]-Z-{]-tbm-Kw F-t∏m-gpw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv F-∂pw I-cp-tX-≠. C-¥y-bn-en-Xv ap≥-t] D-≈-Xm-Wv. 1975˛77 Im-e-Øv C-S-Xp-]-£-sØ G-‰-hpw h-en-b N¿-® C-¥y-bn-se ^m-kn-k-sØ°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-∂p. B-cm-Wv ^m-kn-Ãv? cm-Pyw `-cn-°p-∂ C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-tbm? A-X-√, C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-s°-Xn-sc k-a-cw \-bn-°p-∂ Km-‘n-b≥ P-b-{]-Im-iv \m-cm-b-W-t\m? C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bm-Wv ^m-kn-Ãv F-∂v kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw, P-b-{]Im-iv \m-cm-b-W-\m-Wv ^m-kn-Ãv F-∂v kn.-]n.-sF.-bpw sX-fn-hp-Iƒ \n-cØn hm-Zn-®p. A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ {]-Jym-]n-®-t∏mƒ P-\-kw-Lw, B¿.-F-kv.F- v t\-Xm-°ƒ-s°m-∏w kn.-]n.-F-Ωp-Im-cpw tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Im-cpw P-bn-en23
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ em-bn. "^m-kn-k'Øn-s\-Xn-sc A-h¿ H-∏w \n-∂m-Wv s]m-cp-Xn-b-Xv. Im-ew Ip-d-®p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-°m-e-Øv Iq-sS P-bn-en¬ In-S-∂-hcm-bn-cp-∂p b-Ym¿-Y ^m-kn-Ãp-Iƒ F-∂v kn.-]n.-F-Ωp-Im¿-°v t_m-t[m-Z-bap-≠m-bn. A-∂v C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS "^m-kn-Ãv A-Sp-°-f'bn¬ "C-‰m-en-b≥ ]n-k' th-hn-®n-cp-∂ tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-sb-bm-Wv, C-∂v "^m-kn-k'Øn-s\-Xncm-b k-a-c-Øn¬ kn.-]n.-Fw. k-lm-b-k-l-I-c-W-߃-°v D-‰p-t\m-°p-∂-Xv. Zn-an-t{Xm-hn-s≥-d {K-Ÿw ap-∂n¬ ]-Ip-Øp-sh-®v A-Xn-se h-cn-Iƒ D-≤-cn-®mWv A-∂v kn.-]n.-sF.-°m¿ X-ß-fp-sS ^m-kn-Ãv hn-cp-≤ \n-e-]m-Sn-s≥-d i-cnI-sf-°p-dn-®v hm-Zn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. C-∂v "^m-kn-kw' cw-K-Øp-X-s∂ D-s≠-¶n-epw F-¥p-sIm-t≠m Zn-an-t{Xm-hn-\v h-en-b Un-am≥-Uv Im-Wp-∂n-√.- -F-√m-X-cw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-ß-tf-bpw ^m-kn-Ãv F-∂v ap-{Z-Ip-Øp-∂-Xv i-cnbm-tWm? G-Im-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d H-cp ]-cym-b-]-Zw am-{X-am-tWm ^m-kn-k-sa∂-Xv? I-ayq-Wn-Ãv Xm-Xzn-Im-Nm-cy-∑m¿-X-s∂ `n-∂m-`n-{]m-bw tc-J-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-´p-≠v. 1923˛30 Im-e-Øv skv-]-bn≥ `-cn-® G-Im-[n-]-Xn ss{]-tam Un. dnth-d-sb tIm-an≥-tS¨ ^m-kn-Ãv F-∂p-hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ t{Sm-Sv-kv-In `n∂m-`n-{]m-bw {]-I-Sn-∏n-®p. "^m-kn-kw ˛-A-sX-¥v? F-ß-s\ s]m-cp-Xmw?' F∂ e-Lp-te-J-bn¬ C-Xv hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. C-‰-en-bn-se ap-tkm-fn-\n-bp-sS ^m-kn-k-hpw dn-th-d-bp-sS G-Im-[n-]-Xy-hpw X-Ωn¬ hy-Xym-kw ]-e-Xm-Wv. ^m-kn-k-Øn-\v H-cp X-Xz-im-{kv-X-hpw {]-h¿-Ø-\-co-Xn-bpw ]m¿-´n-L-S-\-bpw {]-Nm-c-W-k-{º-Zm-b-hpw `-c-W-{I-a-hp-sa-√m-ap-≠v. A-Xn-s\ ]n-¥m-ßp-∂ h¿K-hpw A-h-sc B-th-iw sIm-≈n-°p-∂ e-£y-hpw hy-Xy-kv-X-ß-fm-Wv ˛t{Sm-Sv-kv-In hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®p. ^m-kn-kw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-am-sW-¶n-epw F-√m GIm-[n-]-Xy-ß-fpw ^m-kn-k-am-h-W-sa-t∂ C-√. a-dn-®p hm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv, ln-‰v-edp-sS \m-j-W¬ tkm-jy-en-k-hpw \-Ωp-sS Km-‘n-b≥ tkm-jy-en-k-hpw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ F-√m tkm-jy-en-k-ß-fpw I-ayq-Wn-k-am-Wv F-∂v hm-Zn-°p∂-Xp-t]m-ep-≈ A-kw-_-‘-am-Wv.- -G-Im-[n-]-Xy-ß-sf-∂p-t]m-epw hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-\m-hm-Ø `-c-W-ß-sf-bmWv an-°-t∏m-gpw ^m-kn-k-sa-∂v C-¥y-bn¬ ap-{Z-Ip-Øm-dp-≈-Xv. C-Xv ^m-knk-Øn-\p-X-s∂ A-]-am-\-am-Wv. hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS F≥.-Un.-F. `-c-Ww H-cp-Zml-c-W-am-Wv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d am-\-Z-fi-߃-sh-®v A-f-∂m¬-X-s∂, B-h-iy-Øn-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µo-I-c-Ww-t]m-ep-an-√m-Ø H-cp kw-hn-[m-\am-W-Xv. A-[n-Im-cw D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ \-s√m-cp {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bm-Im≥ I-gnbm-sX D-g-ep-∂ hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb, ln-‰v-e-dp-am-bpw ap-t m-fn-\n-bp-am-bpw Xm-c-Xay-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv h-en-b X-am-i-tb B-Ip-∂p-≈q.- -Xo¿-®-bm-bpw hm-Pv-t]-bn-°pw hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS ]m¿-´n-°pw k¿-°m-cn-\pw H-cp h¿-Ko-b A-P-≠-bp-≠v. B¿.-F-kv.-F- n-s\-bm-Wv A-Xv \-S-∏m-°m≥ D24
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xpw. ^m-kn-k-Øn¬-\n-∂v A-t\-I-a-Sn Xm-sg-am-{Xw F-Øp∂ A-P-≠-bm-Wn-Xv. A-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ap-°m¬ \q-‰m-≠v ]n-∂n-´n-´pw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. cm-jv-{So-b-I-£n-bm-hm-sX am-dn-\n¬-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. t\-cn´v cm-jv-{So-bw ssI-Im-cyw sN-øm-sX, A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-°m-sX F-¥p ^m-knk-am-Wv \-S-∏m-°m-\m-hp-I? A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬-\n-∂-I-∂v, A-Xp-am-bn G-‰p-ap´m-sX-bm-Wv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. F-∂pw \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. C-hn-sS kzm-X-{¥yk-a-cw sIm-Sp-ºn-cn-s°m-≈p-tºmƒ, A-Xn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°m-sX, A-º-e-∏-dºn¬ {Un¬ I-fn-®v \-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-h¿. A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bp-sS {lkz-Im-ew am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p hy-Xy-kv-Xw.- "^m-kn-kw' F-∂v Nm-∏-Ip-Øn A-Sn-t°-≠ G-I {]-ÿm-\w kw-L-]-cnhm¿ am-{X-am-tWm? G-jy-\m-{^n-°≥ cm-Py-ß-fn¬ F-s¥-¥p-X-cw ^m-knk-ß-fm-Wv A-\p-Zn-\w D-b¿-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. {]m-Ir-X-hpw a-\p-jy-Xz-c-ln-X-hpam-b a-X-au-en-I-hm-Z {]-ÿm-\-߃, F-{X-sb-Æ-am-Wv s]m-´n-ap-f-bv-°p-∂Xv. A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\n-se Xm-en-_m-\pw A-ta-cn-°≥ \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-fm-b Bbn-c-°-W-°n-\v km-[m-c-W-a-\p-jy-sc H-‰-b-Sn-°v sIm-∂ _n≥-em-Z kw-Lß-fpw ^m-kn-Ãp-I-sf-∂ {]-tbm-K-Øn-s≥-d h-cp-Xn-bn¬ X-s∂ \n¬-°p-∂h-bm-tWm? C-h-cp-sS ap-∂n¬ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. F-¥m-Wv? I-Sp-h-bp-sS ap≥]n¬ F-Øn-s∏-´ Ip-dp-°≥ am-{Xw! - -C-¥y-bv-°-I-Øv Cu {]m-Ir-X h¿-Ko-b t]-t°m-e-߃-°v A-kq-b D-≠m°p-∂ _-lp-am-\y-X-bm-Wv e-`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\nse s]-Æp-ß-sf C-cp-≠ ap-dn-Iƒ-°-I-Øn-´v ]q-´p-∂-Xn-s\-bpw Im-iv-ao-cn-se s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS ap-Jw I-≠m¬ B-kn-Uv H-gn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bpw au-\w-sIm≠v kzm-K-Xw sN-øp-∂ C-hn-S-sØ _n≥-em-Z-kw-L-ß-sf B-cpw ^m-kn-ÃpIƒ F-∂v ap-{Z-Ip-Øm-dn-√. F-∂p-am-{X-a-√, C-S-Xp-]-£ kw-L-ß-fpw Xo-{h C-S-Xp-]-£-°m-cpw \-S-Øp-∂ ^m-kn-Ãv hn-cp-≤ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i sI-´n-bm-´ß-fn¬ C-°q-´-cpw th-jw-sI-´n {]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. F-gp-]-Xp-I-fn-se \-Iv-ksse-‰p-I-sf A-\p-kv-a-cn-∏n-°p-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-߃ D-b¿-Øn C-°q-´¿ kv-Iqfp-I-fn-se sIm-®p-Ip-´n-I-sf-t∏m-epw am-dm-∏n-em-°p-∂p.- "kn-an'sb \n-tcm-[n-®-Xn-s\-Xn-sc i-–-ap-b¿-Øp-∂ _p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fpw a-\pjym-h-Im-i-{]-ÿm-\-°m-cp-sam-∂pw "kn-an'bp-sS h¿-Ko-b A-P-≠, _-Pv-dwKv-Z-fn¬ \n-∂v H-´pw hy-Xy-kv-X-a-√ F-∂v a-\- n-em-°p-∂n-√. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw kn-an-sb \n-tcm-[n-®-Xv sX-‰m-Wv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hy-h-ÿ, P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp≤¿-°pw ^m-kn-Ãp-Iƒ-°p-t]m-epw {]-h¿-Ø-\-kzm-X-{¥yw \¬-Ip-∂p-≠v. ]-Øp-]-Xn-aq-∂v h¿-jw ap≥-]v "C-¥y-bp-sS tam-N-\w C-…m-an-eq-sS' F-∂ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ap-b¿-Øn-b "kn-an'bp-sS t\-Xm-°ƒ tIm-gn-t°m-s´m-cp ]-{X-k-tΩf-\-Øn¬, X-ß-fp-sS e-£yw C-¥y-sb H-cp C-…m-an-I-cm-jv-{S-am-°p-I-X-s∂25
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bm-Wv F-∂v ]-d-™-tXm¿-°p-∂p. C-sXm-cp {]-tIm-]-\-Øn-s≥-d am-{Xw {]iv-\-a-√. C-¥y-sb ln-µp-cm-jv-{S-am-°-W-sa-∂v ]-d-bm-\p-≈-{X-X-s∂ kzm-X{¥yw C-¥y-sb ap-…nw cm-jv-{S-am-°-W-sa-∂v ]-d-bm-\pw D-≠m-h-Ww F-∂pw Xo¿-®. ap-t m-fn-\n-bp-sS ^m-kn-k-sØ \m-Wn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv, Cu hn-`m-K°m-cp-sS Xm-en-_m-\n-Ãv cm-jv-{S-k-¶-ev-]w F-∂v, X-cw-In-´p-tºmƒ a-tX-X-cXz N-cn-{Xy-hpw ]-d-bm≥ a-Sn-°m-Ø C-h¿ k-Ω-Xn-®p-X-cn-√. C-¥y-bn¬ atX-X-c-Xzw D-≠m-I-W-sa-t∂ C-h¿ ]-d-bm-dp-≈p. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-tem A-^vLm-\n-ÿm-\n-tem ku-Zn A-td-_y-bn-tem C-dm-\n-tem sN-∂v a-tX-X-c-Xzw ]-d-bm-\p-≈ sh-fn-hn-√m-bv-a-sbm-∂pw C-h¿-°n-√. C-h-sc A-_-≤-Øn¬ t]m-epw \-Ωƒ h¿-Ko-b ^m-kn-Ãp-Iƒ F-s∂m-∂pw hn-fn-®p-t]m-I-cp-Xv. Ch¿ \-ap-°v {]n-b-s∏-´ ]m-hw ^m-kn-Ãp-I-fm-Wv." 2001 H-tŒm-_¿- 14 ˛- 20
8 aq-∂mw I-£n C-S-s]-S¬ Ab¬-°m¿ X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-Xn¿-Øn-Ø¿-°w kn-hn¬-t°-km-bn Xp-S-ßn ]ns∂ A-Sn-]n-Sn-bpw {In-an-\¬ tI-kpw B-bm¬ aq-∂mw-I-£n C-S-s]-S¬ k¿h-km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. c-≠p ho-´p-Im¿ sh-t∆-sd \m-´n-se {]-[m-\ "Zn-hy'∑m-sc sN-∂p-I-≠v F-s¥-¶n-epw ]-cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-°n-Ø-c-W-sa-∂v A-`y¿-Yn-°pw. B-sc-¶n-ep-sam-s° C-S-s]-´v {]-iv-\w ]-d-™p Xo¿-sØ-∂n-cn-°pw. C-\n a[y-ÿ-scm-∂pw h-∂n-s√-¶n¬-Ø-s∂, ÿ-ew F-kv.-sF. C-S-s]-Spw. A-Xv B D-tZym-K-ÿ-s≥-d tPm-en-bm-Wv.- -G-jy-bp-sS sX-°≥ `m-K-Øv c-≠v A-b¬-°m¿ X-Ωn¬ G-‰p-ap-´m≥ Xp-Sßn-bn-´v A-c \q-‰m-≠m-bn. Xp-S-ßn-b Im-e-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ {]-iv\w cq-£-am-bn-t´ D-≈q. I-øm-¶-fn am-{X-a-√, B-bp-[-{]-tbm-Kw-X-s∂ F-√m Zn-h-k-hpw \-S-°p-∂p-≠v. B-fp-Iƒ a-cn-®p-ho-gp-I-bm-Wv F-t∏m-gpw. C-Ø-cw A-Xn¿-Øn-Ø¿-°-߃ t\m-°m-\m-bn sF-Iy-cm-{„-k-` F-s∂m-cp ÿm-]\w \m-´n-ep-≠v. ]-e Zn-hy-∑m-cpw "R-߃ C-S-s]-´v {]-iv-\w Xo¿-°m≥ {i-an°mw' F-∂v ]-c-ky-am-bpw kz-Im-cy-am-bpw ]-d-™n-´p-≠v.- -X¿-°-Øn¬ H-cp I-£n-bm-b \-Ωƒ-˛-C-¥y-˛-C-Xp k-Ω-Xn-°m-td-bn-√. ]mIn-kv-Xm-\p-am-bp-≈ {]-iv-\-Øn¬ B-cpw C-S-s]-tS-≠. R-ß-fn-Xv ]-c-kv-]-cw X-√n-bpw sIm-∂pw Xo¿-Øp-sIm-≈mw F-∂m-Wv C-¥y-bp-sS \n¿-_-‘w. sF-Iy-cm-{„-k-`-bn¬ sN-∂p-Iq-tS? ]m-Sn-√. F-Xn¿-I-£n-bm-b ]m-In-kvXm≥ sF-Iy-cm-{„ s]m-Xp-k-`-bn-tem G-sX-¶n-epw D-]-k-an-Xn-bn-tem {]-iv\w D-∂-bn-®m¬ A-sXm-cp i-{Xp-Xm-]-c-am-b \-S-]-Sn-bm-bn C-¥y I-W-°m°pw. A-Xn¿-Øn-°-∏p-d-Øp-\n-∂v sh-Sn-sh-®m¬ C-¥y k-ln-°pw. sF-Iy27
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ cm-{„-k-an-Xn-bn¬ "Im-iv-ao¿' F-∂m-sc-¶n-epw D-®-cn-®m¬ C-¥y k-ln-°n-√. C-Xv R-ß-fpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\pw X-Ωn-ep-≈ kz-Im-cy {]-iv-\-am-Wv. Ip-Spw-_{]-iv-\-߃ tdm-Un¬ \n-∂v hn-fn-®p-]-d-bp-I-tbm? ]m-Sn-√, ]m-Sn-√.- -Im-cyw C-ß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-sW-¶n-epw Cu-bn-sS-bm-bn C-¥y-bv-°v Nn-√-d Nm-©-eyw D-≈-Xm-bn am-tem-I¿-°v tXm-∂p-∂p-≠v. k-]v-Xw-_¿ 11\v \yqtbm¿-°v tKm-]p-c-Zz-bw- C-Sn-®p-X-I¿-Ø-Xn-\p-≈ {]-Xn-Im-c-am-bn A-ta-cn-° A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ t_mw-_v h¿-jn-®p-Xp-S-ßn-b-Xn-s≥-d c-≠mw Zn-h-kw C-¥y≥ X-e-ÿm-\-Øv hn-tZ-i-Im-cy h-Ip-∏n-s≥-d h-‡m-hv ]-d-™p-˛""`o-Ic-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b bp-≤-Øn-s≥-d c-≠mw L-´-Øn¬ B-tKm-f-kJyw Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\-Øn¬ C-S-s]-Sp-sa-∂v R-߃-°v {]-Xo-£-bp-≠v.-'' - -G-Xm-\pw Zn-h-kw ap≥-]v Im-iv-ao¿ \n-b-a-k-`-bp-sS tK-‰n¬ Im¿-t_mw-_v tkv-^m-S-\-hpw Nm-th¿ B-{I-a-W-hpw \-S-Øn \m-ev-]-Xn-te-sd-t∏-sc `o-I-chm-Zn-Iƒ sIm-∂-t∏mƒ C-¥y≥ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn A-ta-cn-°≥ {]kn-U-≠v _p-jn-\v ]-cm-Xn l¿-Pn A-b-bv-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. C-S-s]-Sm-\p-≈ At]-£ X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p C-Xv. _p-jn-\p am-{X-am-Wv I-Ø-b-®-Xv sF-Iy-cm{„-k-`-bp-sS sk-{I-´-dn-P-\-d-en-\p t]m-ep-a-b-®n-cp-∂n-√.- -aq-∂mw-I-£n C-S-s]-S¬ ]m-Sn-√ F-∂ \n-e-]m-Sv C-¥y Xn-cp-Øn-°-gn-™p F-∂v a-\- n-em-°m≥ Iq-Sp-X¬ sX-fn-hp th-≠. aq-∂mw-I-£n ]-t£, Ata-cn-° X-s∂-bm-h-Ww F-∂p-≠v. N¿-®-I-fpw Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N-\-I-fpw am-[yÿ-hpw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-I-b-√, t_mw-_n-Sp-I-bm-Wv aq-∂mw I-£n-bp-sS Np-aX-e. A-ta-cn-°-bv-°v `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s\-Xn-sc A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ \q-dp t_mw-_v C-Sm-sa-¶n¬ C-¥y-bv-°v ]m-In-kv-Xm-\p ta¬ e-£w t_mw_n-Smw. Im-c-Ww A-ta-cn-°-bn-Xv k-ln-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-bn-´v \q-dp Zn-h-kw-t]mepw B-bn-´n-√. C-¥y k-ln-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-bn-´v ]-Xn-‰m-≠v ]n-∂n-´p-I-gn-™p. thƒ-Uv S-h-dn¬ a-cn-®-Xn-s≥-d C-c-´n-bm-fp-Iƒ Im-iv-ao-cn¬ a-cn-®n-´p-≠v. ]t£, R-߃-°n-t∏mƒ t_mw-_n-Sm-s\m-∂pw h-ø. A-^v-Lm-\n-ÿm-\n¬ t_mw-_n-Sm≥ F-¥m-bm-epw \n-߃ h-cp-∂p-≠v. t]m-Ip-∂ t]m-°n¬ Ip-ds®-Æw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-epw ]m-Iv A-[o-\ Im-iv-ao-cn-epw C-´p-Iq-tS? aq-∂mw-I£n C-S-s]-S¬ th-s≠-∂-t√ R-߃ ]-d-™n-´p-≈q? aq-∂mw-I-£n t_mw_n-S¬ ]m-Sn-√ F-∂p ]-d-™n-´n-√-t√m? - -aq-∂m-a≥ C-S-s]-S-cp-sX-∂v H-cp I-£n hm-in-]n-Sn-°p-∂ X¿-°w tem-IØn¬ a-s‰-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw D-t≠m F-∂-dn-bn-√. cm-Py-߃ X-Ωn-ep-≈ X¿°-ß-fn¬ am-{X-a-√, cm-Py-Øn-\-I-sØ X¿-°-Øn¬ t]m-epw aq-∂mw I-£n C-S-s]-S¬ \-S-°p-∂-Xv ]-Xn-hm-Wv. sXm-´-b¬-cm-Py-am-b {io-e-¶-bn-se X-angv ]p-en {]-iv-\-Øn-epw ]m-In-kv-Xm≥-˛-In-g-°≥ ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ (_w-•m-tZ-iv) 28
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ {]-iv-\-Øn-epw aq-∂mw I-£n-bm-bn C-¥y-X-s∂ C-S-s]-´n-´p-≠p Xm-\pw.- -knw-e I-cm-dm-Wv C-¥y F-t∏m-gpw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. ap-∏-tXm-fw h¿-j-߃-°p ti-jw C-∂v hm-bn-®p-t\m-°n-bm¬ C-Xp-t]m-se A-{]-k-‡hpw A-kw-_-‘-hp-am-bn-°-gn-™ a-s‰m-cp I-cm-dn-s√-∂v t_m-[y-am-Ipw. F√m X¿-°-ß-fpw D-`-b-N¿-®-bn-eq-sS Xo¿-°pw F-∂-Xn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. ]mIn-kv-Xm-s\-t∏m-se k-Xv-kz-`m-hn-bm-b H-cp cm-Pyw tem-I-Øv th-sd-bn-s√∂p tXm-∂n-t∏m-Ipw hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ tI-´m¬. k-am-[m-\-]-c-am-b-√m-sX H-∂p Xp-dn-®p-t\m-°p-I-t]m-epw sN-øn-s√-∂v I-cm¿ H-∏p-sh-® cm-Py-am-Wv ]-ØpsIm-√-am-bn `o-I-c-sc A-b-®v B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v Im-iv-ao¿-Im-sc sIm-∂psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Im¿-Kn¬ I-gn-™-t∏m-sg-¶n-epw C-¥y knw-e I-cm¿ hen-®p-Io-dn A-d-_n-°-S-en-se-dn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.- -t_mw-_n-Sm≥ ]m-›m-Xy-i-‡n-I-sf £-Wn-°p-I-b-√, ]m-In-kv-Xm-\p-am-bp≈ N¿-®-bv-°v am-[y-ÿw h-ln-°m≥ sF-Iy-cm-{„ sk-{I-´-dn P-\-d-en-s\ £-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv C-¥y sN-tø-≠-Xv. D-`-b-I-£n N¿-®m \m-S-I-߃ C-\n B-h¿-Øn-®n-´p Im-cy-an-√. C-¥y-bv-°p-th-≠n Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-sf t\-cn-Sm≥ Ata-cn-° h-cn-I-bp-an-√. Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\-sØ-°p-dn-®v C-¥y sF-Iy-cm-{„ k`-bv-°v H-cp Xp-≠p I-S-em-kv-t]m-epw A-b-bv-°m-Xm-bn-´v aq-∂p ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn. C-¥ym-˛-]m-Iv X¿-°w t\m-°m≥ am-{Xw sF-Iy-cm-{„-k-`-bp-sS H-cp Hm-^okv C-¥y-bn-ep-≠v F-∂v Im-iv-ao-cn-\p ]p-d-Øp-≈-h¿ Hm¿-°m-dp-t]m-ep-an-√. ]-Øp-\m-ev-]-tXm-fw ssk-\n-I \n-co-£-I-cpw F-√m kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-ap-≈ bp.-F≥. Hm-^o-kv {io-\-K-dn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°m≥ h¿-jw F¨-]-Xv e-£w tUm-f¿ sN-e-hp h-cp-∂p-≠v. A-h¿-°v hm-l-\-hpw Xm-a-k ku-I-cy-hpw \ev-Ip-∂-Xv C-¥y-bm-Wv. Cu Hm-^o-kv-sIm-≠v H-cp {]-tbm-P-\-hpw C-s√-∂p ]-d-™p-Iq-Sm. Im-iv-ao¿ hn-L-S-\-hm-Zn-Iƒ C-¥y-sbv-°-Xn-sc a-\p-jym-h-Imi ew-L-\-hpw a-‰pw B-tcm-]n-®v G-Xm-≠v F-√m Zn-h-k-hpw {]-I-S-\w \-SØp-∂-Xv Cu Hm-^o-kn-\p ap-∂n-em-Wv! " 2001 H-tŒm-_¿- 21 ˛- 27
9 ap-√m H-a-dn-s‚ C-¥y≥ ]-Xn-∏p-Iƒ A^v-Km-\n-ÿm-\n¬ ap-√m H-a-dn-\p-≈ ÿm-\w X-\n-°v C-¥y-bn-ep-s≠-∂v U¬-ln Pp-am-a-kv-Pn-Zn-s≥-d C-amw [-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂p-th-Ww I-cp-Xm≥.- -U¬-ln C-¥y-bp-sS X-e-ÿm-\-am-sW-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-{Xw, U¬-ln Pp-ama-kv-Pn-Zn-se C-am-an-\v C-¥y≥ ap-…nw-I-fp-sS t\-Xr-]-Z-hn-sbm-∂pw ssI-h-cp∂n-√. C-¥y-bn-se-ßp-ap-≈ B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v Pp-am-a-kv-Pn-Zp-I-fn¬ H-∂p-am{X-am-Wv U¬-ln Pp-am a-kv-Pn-Zv. U¬-ln-C-amw H-cp ^-Xv-h C-d-°n-bm¬ C¥y-bn-se ]-Xn-aq-∂v tIm-Sn ap-…nw-Iƒ A-Xv A-£-cw-{]-Xn A-\p-k-cn-°p-sa∂v sX-‰n-≤m-c-W kr-jv-Sn-®v, U¬-ln-bn-se `-c-Wm-[n-]-∑m-sc-bpw cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xr-Xz-ß-sf-bpw U¬-ln C-amw ssI-bn-se-Sp-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-bn-´v Im-ew Ip-td-bm-bn. C-t∏m-g-Xv, ap-√m H-a-dn-\v ]n-∂n¬ C-¥y≥ ap-…nw-I-sf A-Wn-\nc-Øp-t∂-S-tØm-fw F-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- -A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-°m-e-Øv k-Rv-P-bv-Km-‘n-bp-sS in-¶n-Sn-I-fm-b U¬-ln `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ ap-…nw-Iƒ Xn-ßn-∏m¿-°p-∂ {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \-S-Øn-b A-Xn-{I-a-ß-sf sN-dp-°p-∂-Xn¬ A-∂-sØ C-amw sk-bv-Zv A-–p-≈ _pJm-cn h-en-b ]-¶p-h-ln-®n-cp-∂p. Xp-S¿-∂v, C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS `-c-W-Øn-s\Xn-sc B-™-Sn-® X-cw-K-Øn¬ P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-s°m-∏w sk-bv-Zv A-–p-≈ _pJm-cn-bpw \n-e-bp-d-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. U¬-ln-bn¬ am-{X-a-√, C-¥y-bn-sem-´m-sI-˛-tI-c-f-Øn¬-t]m-epw-˛-sk-bv-Zv A-–p-≈ _p-Jm-cn {]-Nmc-W sIm-Sp-¶m-‰-gn-®p-hn-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]n-∂o-Sv F-®v.-F≥. _-lp-Kp-W-sbt∏m-ep-≈ t\-Xm-°ƒ _p-Jm-cn-tbm-Sv tNm-Zn-°m-sX C-cp-t∂-S-Øp-\n-∂v Fgp-t∂¬-°p-I-t]m-ep-an-s√-∂ \n-e h-∂p. _p-Jm-cn Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂ I30
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ≈n-bn-em-Wv 13 tIm-Sn ap-…nw-Iƒ thm-´p-Ip-Øp-I-sb-¶n¬ _p-Jm-cn-sb t]Sn-°m-sX ]-‰p-tam? `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ X-s∂-°m-Wm≥ ap-dn-°v ]p-d-Øv "Iyq' \n¬-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-t∏mƒ _p-Jm-cn-°p-X-s∂ kz-¥w \n-e A-dn-bmXm-bn. F-hn-sS-bpw sN-∂v F-¥pw hn-fn-®p-]-d-bm-\p-≈ sse-k≥-km-bn C-Xv. tIm-S-Xn ]p-√m-sW-∂v tXm-∂n-b-Xn¬ _p-Jm-cn-sb Ip-‰w ]-d-bm-s\m-°n-√. G-Xv tIm-S-Xn A-d-Ãv hm-d-≠-b-®m-epw _p-Jm-cn-sb Im-Wm-\n-√ F-∂v Fgp-Xn Xn-cn-®-b-bv-°m≥ U¬-ln t]m-eo-kn-\v \n¿-tZ-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. `-c-WØn-\pw tIm-S-Xn-°pw \n-b-a-Øn-\pw ta-se A-ßp-b-c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p C-aman-s≥-d In-S-∏v.- -\m-´n≥-]p-d-sØ s]-Æp-߃, C-h-s≥-d X-¥-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p t`-Z-sa-∂v h-≈-°m-c-s\-°p-dn-®v A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´ ]-g-b I-Y D-≠-t√m. ]p-Xn-b C-amw kbn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn-sb-°p-dn-®pw C-Xv ]-d-tb-≠ \n-e h-∂n-cn-°-bm-Wv. _-Pv-cw-Kv-Z-fn-s\-bpw Xm-en-_m-s\-bpw I-S-Øn-sh-´n ap-t∂-dp-I-bm-Wn-t∏mƒ k-bn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn. C-am-am-bn-´v h¿-j-ta-sd-sbm-∂pw B-bn-´n-s√-¶nepw {]-tIm-]-\-]-c-am-b h¿-Ko-b-{]-kw-K-ß-fp-sS F-Æ-Øn-epw h-Æ-Øn-epw ap≥-Km-an-sb I-S-Øn-sh-´n-bn-cn-°-bm-Wv A-t±-lw.- -C-…m-an-I cm-jv-{S-am-b A-^v-Km-\n-ÿm-\p-t\-sc A-ta-cn-° \-S-Øp-∂ B{I-a-Ww C-…m-an-s∂-Xn-cm-b B-{I-a-W-am-sW-∂pw A-Xp-sIm-≠v C-¥y≥ ap…nw-Iƒ ap-√m H-a-dn-s≥-d Pn-lm-Zv B-lzm-\w A-\p-k-cn-®v bp-≤w Xp-S-ß-Wsa-∂pw A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn {]-Jym-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A-^v-Km-\n-ÿm-s\ B-{Ian-® A-ta-cn-°-sbv-°-Xn-sc bp-≤w \-S-Øm≥ A-^v-Km-\n-ÿm-s≥-d `-c-Wm-[nIm-cn-Iq-Sn-bm-b ap-√m H-a-dn-\v _m-[y-X-bp-≠v. B bp-≤-sØ "hn-ip-≤-bp-≤w' F-∂v hn-fn-°m-\p-≈ kzm-X-{¥y-hpw ap-√m H-a-dn-\p-≠v. A-ta-cn-°-bp-tS-Xv C…m-an-s∂-Xn-cm-b bp-≤-am-sW-∂ hym-Jym-\w t]m-epw \-ap-°v a-\- n-em-°m\m-hpw. A-Xn-\-∏p-dw B bp-≤-Øn¬ C-¥y≥ ap-…nw-I-sf h-en-®n-g-bv-°m≥ k-bn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn-°v kzm-X-{¥y-tam A-h-Im-i-tam C-√.- -a-X-hp-am-bn H-cp _-‘-hp-an-√m-Ø Im-c-W-ß-fm¬ \-S-°p-∂ bp-≤-߃, Hcp-]-£-Øp-≈-Xv C-…m-an-I-cm-jv-{S-am-sW-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-{Xw "hn-ip-≤-bp≤'am-hp-I-bn-√. cm-jv-{So-b-am-b bp-≤-ß-fm-W-h. C-dm-\pw C-dm-Jpw C-…m-anI-cm-Py-ß-fm-sW-¶n-epw B cm-jv-{S-߃ X-Ωn¬ \o-≠p-\n-∂ bp-≤-ap-≠mbn. C-…m-an-I-cm-Py-am-b Ip-ssh-Øn-s\ C-dm-Jv B-{I-an-®p-Io-g-S-°n. ]-e-kvXo-s\-s®m-√n, C-{km-tb-epw A-d-_v cm-Py-ß-fpw X-Ωn¬ tLm-c-bp-≤w \-S∂p. C-h-sbm-∂pw hn-ip-≤-bp-≤-ß-fm-bn B-cpw hym-Jym-\n-®n-´n-√. C-…m-anI-cm-jv-{S-sØ A-\n-…m-an-I-cm-jv-{Sw B-{I-an-®m¬ tem-I-sa-ßp-ap-≈ ap-…nwIƒ C-…m-an-I-cm-jv-{S-tØm-sSm-∏w \n¬-°-W-sa-∂pw hn-ip-≤-bp-≤-Øn-\v cmPym-Xn¿-Øn-Iƒ _m-[-I-a-s√-∂p-ap-≈ hm-Z-߃-t]m-epw k-bn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv 31
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ _p-Jm-cn-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ D-b¿-Øp-I-bm-Wv. C-¥y-sb-t∏m-ep-≈ a-tX-X-c cm-jv-{S-ß-fn¬ Kp-cp-X-c-am-b `-hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ D-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv Cu k-ao-]\w.- -]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-ep-≈-Xn-te-sd ap-…nw-Iƒ C-¥y-bn-ep-s≠-¶n-epw C-¥y-b-√, ]m-In-kv-Xm-\m-Wv C-…m-an-I-cm-Pyw. Im-iv-ao-cn-s\-s®m-√n C-¥y-bpw ]m-In-kvXm-\pw X-Ωn¬ \m-sf H-cp bp-≤w s]m-´n-∏p-d-s∏-´p-sh-∂v sh-°p-I. H-km-a _n≥-em-Z-\pw ap-√m H-a-dpw C-sXm-cp hn-ip-≤-bp-≤-am-sW-∂pw ap-…nw-Iƒ H∂-S-¶w ]¿-sh-kv ap-j-d-^n-s≥-d ]-´m-f-sØ ]n-¥m-ß-W-sa-∂v im-k-\ C-d°n-bm¬ k-bn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn F-¥p-sN-øpw? C-¥y-s°-Xn-cm-bn bp-≤w {]-Jym-]n-°p-tam? - -A-ta-cn-° C-∂v Im-_q-fn-epw J-fi-lm-dn-epw sN-øp-∂-Xv sIm-Sn-b {Iq-cX-X-s∂. a-\p-jy-Xz-an-√m-Ø bp-≤-am-Wn-Xv. C-Xn-s∂-Xn-sc A-Wn-\n-c-tØ≠-Xv tem-I-sØ-ßp-ap-≈ a-\p-jy-sc-bm-Wv, tem-I-sØ-ßp-ap-≈ ap-…nw-Isf am-{X-a-√. tI-c-f-Øn-s≥-d sX-cp-hp-I-fn¬ {]-I-S-\w kw-L-Sn-∏n-t°-≠-Xv hn-ip-≤-bp-≤w {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\-√, bp-≤-Øn-s\-Xn-sc a-\p-jy-sc ap-gph≥-˛-Pm-Xn-bpw a-X-hpw t\m-°m-sX-˛-A-Wn-\n-c-Øp-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. a-X-Øn-s≥-d t]-cn-em-Ip-tºmƒ F-¥v A-[¿-a-Øn-\pw \ym-bo-I-c-Ww I-s≠-Øm≥ B-fpI-fp-≠m-Ip-∂p. \yq-tbm¿-°n-se C-c-´-tKm-]p-c-ß-fn¬ hn-am-\-߃-sIm-≠nSn-®v B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-sf sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n-b-Xv hn-ip-≤-bp-≤Øn-s≥-d `m-K-am-sW-∂p-]-d-bm-\pw C-hn-sS B-sf In-´n-tb-°pw. C-∂v \-S°p-∂ A-ta-cn-°m-hn-cp-≤ tcm-j-{]-I-S-\-ß-fp-sS H-cw-iw-t]m-epw "k-]v-Xw_¿ 11 kw-`-h'sØ-s®m-√n H-cn-S-Øp-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√ F-t∂m¿-°-Ww. B kw`-h-sØ \ym-bo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂ H-cp hm-N-Iw, tem-I-Øn-se G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp a-X-Øn-s≥-d, G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp {]-am-W-{K-Ÿ-Øn-s≥-d, G-sX-¶n-epw t]Pn¬ Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥ B¿-s°-¶n-epw I-gn-bp-tam? F-∂n-´pw H-km-a-bp-sS t^m-t´m-Iƒ Np-a-en-te-¥m-\pw \yq-tbm¿-°v Iq-´-s°m-e-sb-°p-dn-®v B-cm-[\m-]q¿-hw kw-km-cn-°m-\pw k-bn-Zv A-lv-a-Zv _p-Jm-cn-am-cp-≠m-Ip-∂p. _pjp-am-cpw _p-Jm-cn-am-cpw X-Ωn-sem-∂pw h-en-b A-I-e-an-s√-∂-Xp-X-s∂ Imc-Ww. H-cp \m-W-b-Øn-s≥-d c-≠p-h-i-߃ am-{X-am-Wn-h¿.- " 2001 H-tŒm-_¿- 28 ˛- \-hw--_¿ 3
10 sP-]n hm¿-jn-I-Øn-\v ta-\-I tem-Iv-\m-b-Iv P-b-{]-Im-iv \m-cm-b-W-s≥-d P-∑-i-Xm-–n B-tLm-jn-°m-\p≈ k¿-°m¿ I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS I¨-ho-\¿ ta-\-Im-Km-‘n-bm-Wv. C-Xv G-sd-t∏sc-sbm-∂pw A-º-c-∏n-®-Xm-bn tXm-∂p-∂n-√. s\-lv-dp-Ip-Spw-_mw-K-߃ _n.sP.-]n. a-{¥n-k-`-bn¬ Aw-K-am-Ip-∂-Xv B-tc-bpw A-º-c-∏n-®n-´n-√. B \n-ebv-°v ta-\-Im-Km-‘n, sP.-]n.-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\w B-tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn-epw \mw A-¤p-X-s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. cm-jv-{So-b-Øn¬ A-kw-`m-hy-am-bn bm-sXm-∂p-an-√-Xs∂.- -kzm-X-{¥y-k-a-c-hpw tkm-jy-en-Ãv t]m-cm-´-ß-fpw Izn-‰v C-¥ym-k-a-c-Øn\n-S-bn-se P-bn¬-Nm-´-hp-sa-√mw \-S-Øn-b P-b-{]-Im-in-s≥-d A-h-km-\-t]mcm-´w C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS Zp¿-`-c-W-Øn-\pw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-Øn-\pw F-Xn-scbm-bn-cp-∂p. sP.-]n. {]-ÿm-\-sØ A-Sn-®-a¿-Øm-\m-Wv C-µn-cm-Km-‘n A-Snb-¥-cm-h-ÿ {]-Jym-]n-®-Xv. A-e-l-_m-Zv tIm-S-Xn Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v tI-kn¬ hn-[n-]-d-™-t∏mƒ C-µn-c-bp-sS cm-Pn-°p-th-≠n cm-Pyw ap-gp-s° ap-d-hn-fn Db¿-∂n-cp-∂p. cm-Pn-sh-t°-≠ F-∂pw A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ {]-Jym-]n-®v F-√m‰n-t\-bpw P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°-W-sa-∂pw C-µn-c-sb D-]-tZ-in-®-Xv a-I≥ k-Rv-P-bvKm-‘n B-Wv F-∂v A-°m-e-Øp-X-s∂ tI-´n-cp-∂p. Xp-S¿-∂v k-Rv-P-bv-Km‘n-bpw ta-\-Im-Km-‘n-bp-am-Wv tIm¨-{K- n-\v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In-b-Xv. A-Snb-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bv-°p-ti-jw k-Rv-P-b-t\m-sSm-∏w a-‰-tUm¿ hm-\n¬ U¬-lnbn-ep-S-\o-fw k-©-cn-®v tIm-S-Xn-tb-bpw jm I-Ωo-j-t\-bpw sh-√p-hn-fn-°p∂ ta-\-I-sb ]-{X-am-[y-a-ß-fn-eq-sS \-Ωƒ I-≠-Xp-am-Wv. hn-am-\w ]-dØm≥ ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ k-Rv-P-bn-\v A-]-I-S-a-c-Ww kw-`-hn-®n-√m-bn-cp∂p-sh-¶n¬ cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n C-t∏m-gpw hn-am-\w ]-d-Øn F-hn-sS-tbm Po-hn°p-∂p-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-°p-ti-jw C-¥y≥ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n k33
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Rv-P-bv-X-s∂-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-¶n¬ ta-\-I.-.-.-.- -N-cn-{X-Øn-se "F-¶n-ep'I-sf-°p-dn-®v Du-lm-t]m-l-ß-fn-te¿-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv A¿-Y-iq-\y-am-b A-`ym-k-am-Wv. F-∂m¬, sP.-]n.-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\m-tLm-jØn-\v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Im≥ a-‰m-tc-bpw In-´p-am-bn-cp-∂n-t√ F-∂v Ip¬-Zn-]v \øm-sc-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ tNm-Zn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂p. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-sb hn-a¿-in-®-Xn-\v P-bn-en¬ t]m-tI-≠n-h-∂ ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-\m-W-t√m Ip¬-Zn-]v \-øm¿. _n.sP.-]n. t\-Xr-Xz-sØ kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw C-sXm-∂pw h-en-b Ku-c-h-ap≈ Im-cy-am-hm≥ C-S-bn-√. ta-\-Im-Km-‘n-bpw P-b-{]-Im-ipw A-h¿-s°m-cpt]m-se-bm-Imw. N-cn-{X-Øn-se Nn-e A-]q¿-h Ip-g-™p-a-dn-b-ep-I-fn¬ X-ßtfm-sSm-∏w {l-kz-\m-fp-I-fn¬ F-Øn-s∏-´-h-cm-W-h¿. C-cp-h-cpw P-\-kw-L°m-cm-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m.- 1951˛¬ P-\-kw-Lw cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®-Xn-s≥-d A-º-Xmw hm¿-jn-Iw sP.-]n. P∑-i-Xm-–n-°n-S-bn¬ h-∂p-s]-´-Xv bm-Zr-—n-I-am-sW-¶n-epw _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-sS cm-jv-{So-b-a-\- v Im-Wm≥ C-Xv {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-´p. 1980˛¬ am-{Xw P-\n-® _n.sP.-]n. F-¥n-\m-Wv P-\-kw-L-Øn-s≥-d A-º-Xmw hm¿-jn-Iw B-tLm-jn°p-∂-Xv? A¿-Y-an-√m-Ø tNm-Zy-am-W-Xv. ap≥-]p-≠m-bn-cp-∂ ]-e-Xn-s≥-d-bpw ]p-\-c-h-Xm-c-am-Wv X-߃ F-∂ tXm-∂¬ _n.-sP.-]n.-°v am-dn-am-dn D-≠m-Imdp-≈-Xm-Wv. A-Xn-te-‰-hpw b-Ym¿-Yw _n.-sP.-]n. P-\-kw-L-Øn-s≥-d ]p-\-ch-Xm-c-am-sW-∂-Xm-Wv. P-\-kw-Lw F-∂ `q-X-Im-ew H-tc-k-a-bw a-d-°p-Ibpw Hm¿-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-I F-∂ A-km-[y-am-b Ir-Xy-am-Wv _n.-sP.-]n. t\Xr-Xzw \n¿-h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- -Iq-´p-Im-sc ap-gp-h≥ hn-fn-®p-h-cp-Øn B-tLm-jn-t°-≠ P-∑-Zn-\-am-Wv Aº-Xm-a-tØ-Xv. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°pw kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°pw j-jv-Sn-]q¿-Øn B-tLmjn-°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v A-º-Xpw \q-dp-am-Wv sI-t¶-a-am-bn sIm-≠mSm-dp-≈-Xv. F-¶n¬ F-¥p-sIm-≠v P-\-kw-L-Øn-s≥-d A-º-Xmw P-∑-Zn-\w F≥.-Un.-F.-bn-se L-S-I-I-£n-I-sf ap-gp-h≥ hn-fn-®p-tN¿-Øv Kw-`o-c-am-bn B-tLm-jn-®n-√? B¿.-F-kv.-F- n-epw P-\-Xm ]m¿-´n-bn-epw Nn-e¿ H-tc-k-abw Aw-K-am-bn Xp-S-cp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc "Zz-bmw-K-Xz-{]-iv-\w' D-b¿-Øn-s°m-≠ph-∂v P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-tb-bpw `-c-W-tØ-bpw X-I¿-Ø hn-π-h-Im-cn-bm-b tPm¿Pv s^¿-Wm-≠-kn-s\-sb-¶n-epw ]n-d-∂m-fm-tLm-j-Øn-\v hn-fn-°m-am-bn-cp∂p. A-t±-l-am-W-t√m F≥.-Un.-F.-bp-sS tZ-io-b I¨-ho-\¿. {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb-t∏m-epw t\-cmw-h-Æw hn-fn-°m-sX U¬-ln-bn¬ F-fp-∏-Ønsem-cp tbm-Kw \-S-Øn, ]-≠v kv-Iq-´-dn¬ k-©-cn-®-t∏mƒ K-´-dn¬ ho-W-Xns≥-d-bpw Hm-^o-kn-se _-©n-ep-d-ßn-b-Xn-s≥-d-bpw I-Y-Iƒ ]-d-™v ]n-cntb-≠n-bn-cp-∂n-√. cm-Py-hym-]-I-am-bn th-≠n-bn-cp-∂n-t√ ]m¿-´n-bp-sS A-ºXmw ]n-d-∂mƒ B-tLm-jw? - -P-\-kw-Lw F-∂ t]-cv _n.-sP.-]n. F-∂v am-‰n-b-Xv ]-g-b-Xv a-d-®v P-\-߃34
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °n-S-bn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ kzo-Im-cy-X t\-Sm-\p-≈ H-cp X-{¥w am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn°mw. H-cp am¿-°-‰n-Mv X-{¥w F-∂pw ]-d-bmw. A-º-sØm-∂n¬ B¿.-F-kv.F-kv. {]-Nm-c-I-∑m¿ ]m¿-´n-°v cq-]w \¬-In-b-Xv, Km-‘n-h-[-Øn-\p-ti-jw D≠m-b Xn-‡m-\p-`-h-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v ]mTw ]Tn-®m-Wv. \n-tcm-[-\w h-√m-sX he-®-t∏mƒ, I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b bp-≤-Øn¬ tIm¨-{K- n-t\m-sSm-∏w \n¬-°m≥ Kp-cp-Pn tKmƒ-hmƒ-°¿ k-∂-≤-X {]-I-Sn-∏n-®-Xm-Wv. \n-tcm-[-\w \o-°-W-sa-t∂ D-≈q. k¿-Zm¿ ]-t´-en-\v Cu \n¿-tZ-i-tØm-Sv tbm-Pn-∏m-bncp-∂p. ]-t£, s\-lv-dp k-Ω-Xn-®n-√. k-lm-b-Øn-\v H-cp cm-jv-{So-b-]m¿-´nt]m-ep-an-√m-sX t\-cn-´ H-‰-s∏-S-em-Wv, ]n-∂o-sSm-cp cm-jv-{So-b-]m¿-´n-bp-≠m°m-\p-≈ t{]-c-W-bm-b-Xv.- '51 ap-X¬ sP.-]n.-bp-sS k-ºq¿-W hn-π-h-\m-fp-Iƒ-h-sc, P-\-kw-L-Øn-\v ln-µp-h¿-Ko-b-ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-߃-sIm-≠p-am-{Xw Im-cy-am-b {]-tbm-P-\w D-≠mbn-√. A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bp-sS bm-Ym¿-Yy-߃-Iq-Sn-bm-b-t∏mƒ P-\-kw-LØn-s≥-d hy-‡n-Xzw D-t]-£n-°p-hm-\pw Xm-Xv-Im-en-I-am-sb-¶n-epw a-s‰m-cp ]m¿-´n-bm-bn am-dp-hm-\pw Xo-cp-am-\n-t°-≠n-h-∂p. B ]-co-£-W-hpw ]-cm-Pb-am-bn. Xp-S¿-∂m-W-t√m _n.-sP.-]n. F-∂ ]p-Xn-b `m-h-ap-≠m-b-Xv.- -P-\-kw-Lw ap-X¬ _n.-sP.-]n.-h-sc-bp-≈ cq-]-`m-h am-‰-߃-°n-S-bn¬ Fs¥-√mw hy-Xy-kv-X ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-߃ ]m¿-´n D-b¿-Øn! iym-a-{]-km-Zv ap-J¿Pn-bp-sS G-Im-fl-I am-\-h-hm-Zw ap-X¬ hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS Km-‘n-b≥ tkmjy-en-kw-h-sc ]-e-Xp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H-tc cm-k-tN-cp-h-bp-≈ Cw-•o-jv-a-cp∂p-Iƒ hy-Xy-kv-X {_m≥-Uv \m-a-ß-fn¬ ]p-d-Øn-d-ßp-∂-Xp-t]m-se. B¿.F-kv.-F-kv. F-∂ cm-k-L-S-I-Øn¬-am-{Xw am-‰-an-√. _n.-sP.-]n. ln-µp-XzØn¬-\n-∂v kz-ev-]w a-tX-X-c-Xz-Øn-te-°pw Km-‘n-k-Øn-te-°p-sa-√mw amdn-bpw a-dn-™pw I-fn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Nn-e-t∏mƒ P-\-kw-Lw-X-s∂-bm-Ipw; Nn-e-t∏mƒ a-s‰m-cp tIm¨-{K-kv B-Ipw. A-[n-Im-c-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s≥-d kuI-cy-߃-X-s∂ {]-[m-\w.- -H-c-[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-hpw h-ln-°n-s√-∂v H-cp-Im-e-Øv hm-in-]n-Sn-® B¿.-F-kv.F-kv. Aw-K-ß-fp-sS ssI-I-fn¬ C-∂v {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-ÿm-\w-sXm-´v Xm-sg ]©m-b-Øv {]-kn-U-≠p-ÿm-\w-h-sc-bp-≠v. h¿-Ko-b-X-bp-sS th-en-tb-‰-ß-fmWv _n.-sP.-]n.-sb A-[n-Im-c-Øn-te-°v sIm-≠p-sN-∂v F-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. then-bn-d-°-ß-fn¬ A-[n-Im-c-\-jv-Sw kw-`-hn-s®-∂n-cn-°pw. A-Xv kw-`-hn-°mXn-cn-°m≥ "A-tbm-[y'Iƒ kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-Spw. A-Xn-∂n-S-bn¬ sP.-]n.-am-cpw Km-‘n-Pn-am-cpw a-tX-X-c ]p-©n-cn-I-fpw an-∂n-a-d-™p-t]m-hp-sa-∂p-am-{Xw.-" 2001 \-hw--_¿ 11 ˛- 17 35
11 \n-b-aw A-cp-‘-Xn-°pw ta-se-bm-Wv Pp-Uo-jy¬ B-Œn-hn-k-Øn-s≥-d I-cp-tØ-dn-b ssI-Iƒ, k-aq-l-Øn-se D∂-X-∑m-sc {]-Xn-°q-Sp-I-fn-te-°pw P-bn-e-d-I-fn-te-°pw ]n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mIp-∂-Xm-bp-≈ hm¿-Ø-I-sfm-∂pw Cu-bn-sS-bm-bn tIƒ-°m-dn-√. F-∂m¬ Nn-e {]-ap-J¿ C-t∏m-gpw tIm-S-Xn-bn-se-Øp-∂p-≠v. A-Sp-Ø Zn-h-k-ß-fn-emWv _p-°¿ k-Ωm-\ tP-Xm-hm-b A-cp-‘-Xn-tdm-bn-bpw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn {]-h¿Ø-I-bm-b ta-[m-]-Sv-°-dpw {]-ap-J A-`n-`m-j-I-\m-b {]-im-¥v-`q-j-Wpw kp{]ow-tIm-S-Xn h-cm-¥-bn¬, X-ß-fp-sS Du-gw-Im-Øp Xq-Wpw Nm-cn \n¬-°p∂-Xp I-≠-Xv. A-gn-a-Xn-t°-kn-sem-∂p-a-√ A-h¿ {]-Xn-I-fm-b-Xv. A-h-cp-sS hm-°pw {]-hr-Øn-bpw Pp-Uo-jy-dn-bp-sS kz-X-{¥-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\v X-S- -ambn F-∂-Xm-Wv Ip-‰w. \n-b-a-cw-K-Øp-≈-h¿ C-Xn-s\ tIm-S-Xn-b-e-£yw F∂p hn-fn-°p-∂p.- -Pp-Uo-jy¬ B-Œn-hn-k-Øn-s≥-d ]q-°m-ew I-gn-™p-thm? A-gn-a-Xn-bp-sSbpw aq-ey-Ø-I¿-®-bp-sS-bpw \m-fp-I-fn¬ {]-Xo-£-bp-sS tKm-]p-c-ß-fm-bn Xe-bp-b¿-Øn \n-∂-Xv Pp-Uo-jy-dn am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-≠v \n-b-a-hym-Jym-\w am-{Xw \-S-Øn hn-[n-]-d-™n-cp-∂ tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ, s]m-Xp-Xm-ev-]-cy hy-h-lm-cØn-s≥-d ]p-Ø≥ ]m-X-I-fn-eq-sS km-aq-ln-I-˛-cm-jv-{So-b-cw-K-Øv F-{X-tbm sIm-®p-hn-π-h-߃ kr-jv-Sn-®p.- -B-Œn-hn-kw kr-jv-Sn-® A-¥-co-£w, I-gn-™-Im-e-sØ A-Xn¿-h-c-ºp-Iƒ t`-Zn-®v ]p-d-Øp-I-S-°m≥ Pp-Uo-jy-dn-°p t{]-c-W-bm-bn. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns≥-d aq-∂p s\-Spw-Xq-Wp-I-fn¬ H-∂p-am-{Xw h-ep-Xm-hp-I-bpw a-‰p c-s≠-Æhpw sIm-®m-hp-I-bpw sN-øp-I-bm-tWm F-∂p cm-jv-{So-b \n-co-£-I-cpw km36
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ aq-ln-I Nn-¥-I-cpw A-t∂ kw-i-bn-®n-cp-∂p. C-t∏m-gn-Xm B-Œn-hn-kw X-f¿∂p-sh-¶n-epw A-∂p kr-jv-Sn-s®-Sp-Ø A-{]-am-Zn-Xzw h-f¿-∂p-h-ep-Xm-bn-cn°p-∂p. \n-b-a-cw-K-Øp am-{X-a-√, km-aq-ln-I-im-kv-{X-Øn-s≥-d-bpw cm-jv-{S-X{¥-Øn-s≥-d-bpw aq-ey-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS-bp-sa-√mw k-I-e-ta-J-e-I-fn-epw A-hkm-\ hm-°v X-ß-fp-tS-Xm-Wv F-∂v \n-b-a-⁄¿ imTyw-]n-Sn-®p Xp-S-ßn-bncn-°p-∂p.- "\n-߃ F-{X ap-I-fn-em-sW-¶n-epw i-cn, \n-b-aw \n-߃-°pw ap-I-fn-emWv' F-∂ hm-Iyw \n-b-a-⁄¿-°v G-‰-hpw {]n-b-s∏-´ H-∂m-bn am-dn-bn-´p-≠v. \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-bp-sS {]m-[m-\yw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°m-\m-Wv ap≥-]v Cu D-≤-c-Wn D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. C-t∏m-gn-Xv, F-√m-˛-km-aq-ln-I-˛-cm-jv-{So-b Nn-¥-I-fp-sSbpw kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw ta-ep-≈ \n-b-a-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s≥-d A-[o-i-XzsØ kq-Nn-∏n-°m-\m-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. \n-b-aw F-√m-‰n-\pw ap-I-fn-emsW-∂p ]-d-bp-I. \n-b-a-Øn-\pw ap-I-fn¬ tIm-S-Xn-sb {]-Xn-jvTn-°p-I. tImS-Xn-°pw ap-I-fn¬ \ym-bm-[n-]-∑m¿ C-cn-∏p-d-∏n-°p-I. ^-e-Øn¬ ""\n-߃ F-{X ap-I-fn-em-sW-¶n-epw i-cn, P-Uv-Pn \n-߃-°pw ap-I-fn-em-Wv'' F-∂v ]g-b-X-Øzw t`-Z-K-Xn-sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂p. hn-[n {]-kv-Xm-h-\-I-fn-epw hn-Nm-c-W-°nS-bn¬-Ø-s∂-bpw \n-b-a-hp-am-bn _-‘-an-√m-Ø Im-cy-ß-fn¬ t]m-epw A-`n{]m-b-ß-fpw I-ev-]-\-I-fpw h-∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂-Xv Cu A-{]-am-Zn-Xz-t_m-[Øn-s≥-d ^-e-am-bn-´m-Wv. G-Xm-\pw h¿-jw ap≥-]v C-e-Iv-j≥ I-Ωo-j-W¿ Sn.-F≥. ti-j-t\m-Sv hm-b-S-bv-°m≥ tIm-S-Xn I¬-∏n-®p. kn.-_n.-sF.-U-b-dŒ¿ tPm-Ko-µ¿-knw-lv {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-sb Im-W-cp-sX-∂v I-ev-]n-®p. kn.-_n.sF. tPm-bn≥-dv U-b-d-Œ¿, U-b-d-Œ-dn¬ \n-∂v D-Ø-c-hp kzo-I-cn-°-cp-sX-∂v D-Ø-c-hn-´p. C-¥y≥ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv ]m- m-°n-b H-cp \n-b-a-Øn-se-bpw H-cp hIp-∏pw A-\p-k-cn-®p-≈-h-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m Cu I-ev-]-\-Iƒ.- -k-aq-l-Øn-se G-‰-hpw ap-¥n-b {]-Xn-`-I-f-√ A-`n-`m-j-I-cm-Ip-∂-Xv. A-hcn¬ G-‰-hpw I-gn-hp-≈-h-c-√ \ym-bm-[n-]-∑m-cm-Ip-∂-Xpw. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hy-hÿ-bp-sS kp-K-a-am-b \-S-Øn-∏n-\v P-\-߃ Ip-sd Np-a-X-e-Iƒ Pp-Uo-jy-dnsb G-ev-]n-®n-´p-≠v, F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hn-t\-bpw e-Pn-kv-tf-‰o-hn-t\-bpw G-ev-]n®-Xp-t]-se X-s∂. A-Xn-\-∏p-dw, k-aq-l-sØ-bpw cm-jv-{S-sØ-bpw _m-[n°p-∂ F-√m Im-cy-ß-fn-epw A-h-km-\ hm-°v ]-d-bm-\p-≈ Np-a-X-e-sbm∂pw B-cpw B-tc-bpw G-ev-]n-®n-´n-√. B-cp-a-Xv I-h¿-s∂-Sp-°m-\pw ]m-Sn-√. kq-cy-\p Io-gn-ep-≈ F-¥n-s\-°p-dn-®pw A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-bm≥ a-Pn-kv-t{S-‰v apX¬ kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn P-Uv-Pn-h-sc-bp-≈ F-√m-h¿-°pw kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≠v. ]t£, \n-b-a-]-c-a-√m-Ø hn-j-b-ß-fn-ep-≈ A-Ø-cw A-`n-{]m-b-߃-°v, ]{X-ß-fn-se "B-t£-]-߃, A-`n-{]m-b-߃' tIm-f-Øn-se ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-tf°mƒ {]m-[m-\y-an-√.37
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -\n-b-a-Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ F-√m-h-cpw Xp-ey-cm-Wv, \n-b-aw F-√m-‰n-\pw ap-I-fnem-Wv Xp-S-ßn-b X-Øz-ß-sf-√mw \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-bp-sS ku-I-cy-Øn-\p-th-≠n I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-≈-h am-{X-am-Wv. ]-W-ap-≈-h-\pw C-√m-Ø-h-\pw \n-b-a-Øn\p ap-∂n¬ Xp-ey-cm-tWm? X-Øz-Øn¬ am-{X-am-Wv Xp-ey¿. ]-W-an-√m-Ø-h\v kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS \m-e-b-e-sØm-∂pw F-Øm≥ ]-‰n-√. F-Øn-°p-I tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS Np-a-X-e-bp-a-√. \n-b-aw F-√m-‰n-\pw ap-I-fn-em-sW-∂-Xv, XØzw F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ t]m-epw ]-cn-an-X-am-b H-cp k-Xyw am-{X-am-Wv. k-aq-lØn-s≥-d A-X-Xp-Im-e-sØ sX-‰pw i-cn-bp-am-b [m-c-W-I-fpw ap≥-hn-[n-I-fpam-Wv \n-b-a-߃. G-sX-¶n-epw P-¥p-hn¬-\n-∂v ]-cn-W-an-®p-≠m-b-Xm-Wv a\p-jy≥ F-∂ kn-≤m-¥w (]-cn-Wm-a kn-≤m-¥w) Ip-´n-I-sf ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv \n-tcm-[n-°p-∂ \n-b-aw A-ta-cn-°-bn-se A¿-I≥-km-kn-epw sS-∂- n-bn-epw an- n- n-∏n-bn-epw A-Sp-Ø-Im-e-Øp-h-sc-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "a-¶n tem' F-∂mW-h-sb hn-fn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. C-Ø-cw ""Ip-c-ß≥ \n-b-a''ß-fpw "F-√m-‰n-\pw ap-Ifn-em'bn-cn-°p-a-t√m \n-∂n-´p-≠m-hp-I! \n-b-a-ß-sfm-∂pw F-°m-e-tØ-°pw _m-[-I-am-b im-iz-X-aq-ey-ß-tfm k-Xy-ß-tfm Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂n-√. Im-e-l-cW-s∏-´v, Po¿-Wn-®v, t]-t°m-e-ß-fm-bn am-dn-b F-{X-tbm \n-b-a-߃ D-≠v \Ωp-sS {K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬. F-¥n-t\-sd, au-en-Im-h-Im-i-߃ k-kv-s]≥-dv sN-bvX-Xp-sIm-≠v C-t∏mƒ B-sc-bpw k¿-°m-cn-\p sIm-√mw F-∂v k¿-°m¿ A`n-`m-j-I≥ \n-c¨-sU ]-d-™-t∏mƒ kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn A-Xw-Ko-I-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bn¬ A-Xm-bn-cp-∂p \n-b-aw! - -tIm-S-Xn-b-e-£y \n-b-aw Im-em-l-c-W-s∏-´p F-∂v \n-b-a-⁄-∑m¿ X-s∂ A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. Pp-Uo-jy-dn-sb kz-X-{¥-hpw \n-jv-]-£-hp-am-bn {]h¿-Øn-°m≥ A-\p-h-Zn-t® ]-‰q. F-∂m¬, F-√m hn-a¿-i-\-߃-°pw Xn-cpØ-ep-Iƒ-°pw A-Xo-X-am-b Zn-hy-Xzw B-cpw A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂n-√ F-∂p-d∏p h-cp-tØ-≠-Xv am-\-h-cm-in-bp-sS X-s∂ Xm-Xv-]-cy-߃-°v B-h-iy-am-Wv. \n-b-a-]p-kv-X-I-߃-°pw ta-se-bm-Wv ss[-j-Wn-I ta-J-e-bn¬-\n-∂p-≈ kw-`m-h-\-Iƒ. \n-b-a-hp-am-bn \n-b-a-Øn-s≥-d h-gn-°p t]m-Ip-tºm-gpw \mw a‰p ta-J-e-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-≈ au-en-I-Nn-¥-I-sf B-Z-cn-t® a-Xn-bm-hq. Im-c-Ww A-h-bm-hpw \m-sf-bp-sS \n-b-a-߃. tem-I-sØ ap-t∂m-´p \-bn-® k-I-e Im-cy-ß-fpw kw-`-hn-®-Xv tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS C-S-\m-gn-Iƒ-°v ]p-d-Øm-Wv. Pp-Uojy-dn A-h-sbm-∂pw A-dn-bm-dp-t]m-ep-an-√. kzm-X-{¥y-k-a-c-hpw tIm-f-\n-Ifp-sS tam-N-\-hpw tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-ß-fpw B-‰w-t_mw-_v {]-tbm-K-ß-fpw s]m-Jv-dm-\p-I-fpw hn-π-h-ß-fp-sa-√mw A-ß-s\-X-s∂.- ""Z t{K-‰¿ tIm-a¨ Kp-Uv'' F-∂ te-J-\-am-Wv A-cp-‘-Xn-sb {]-Xn-°q-´nse-Øn-®-Xv. B-W-h-]-co-£-W-sØ-°p-dn-®pw B-tKm-f-h-Xv-°-c-W-sØ-°pdn-®p-sa-√mw F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≈ te-J-\-߃ A-cp-‘-Xn-sb tem-I-Øn-se G-‰hpw D-b¿-∂ ss[-j-Wn-I-{]-Xn-`-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn D-b¿-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ""\n-b-a38
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ F-√m-h-cpw Xp-ey''cm-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, {In-an-\¬ ]p-≈n-I-tfmsSm-∏w A-h¿-°pw tIm-S-Xn h-cm-¥-bn¬ \n¬-t°-≠n-h-cpw. C-\n-sbm-cp-]t£, Xn-lm¿ P-bn-en¬ A-h¿ A-S-bv-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sN-ømw. tem-I-Øn-s≥d K-Xn A-ß-s\-bm-Wv. {_q-tWm-hn-s\ Np-s´-cn-®-Xpw K-eo-en-tbm-hn-s\ Pbn-en-e-S-®-Xpw tkm-{I-´o-kn-\v h-[-in-£ \¬-In-b-Xp-sa-√mw A-X-Xp-Im-esØ \n-b-a-a-\p-k-cn-®m-Wv. C-h¿-°v in-£ hn-[n-® P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS t]-sc-¶nepw C-∂v B¿-s°-¶n-epw Hm¿-a-bp-t≠m? " 2001 \-hw--_¿ 25 ˛- Un-kw-_¿- 1
12 A-h¿ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ F-_n-kn-Un ]Tn-°p-∂p {]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-b ti-jw \-S-°m≥ ]Tn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-tbm tIm-tf-Pn-seØn-b-h¿ F.-_n.-kn.-Un. ]Tn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-tbm D-≈ \m-S-Iw Ip-d-®m-bn \yq-U¬-ln-bn¬ \-S-°p-∂p-≠v. ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ F-ß-s\-bm-Wv N¿-® \-SØp-I F-∂v N¿-® \-S-Øp-I-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw sIm-≠p-\-S-Øm≥ \-Ωƒ Np-a-X-e-tb-ev-]n-® \-Ωp-sS {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ. A≥-]-Xp h¿-j-sØ h-f¿-®-bv°pw hn-Im-k-Øn-\pw ti-j-am-Wn-h¿ F-√mw "B-tZy ]q-t`y' Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv. N¿-® F-∂-Xm-Wv ]m¿-e-sa≥-d-dn P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d A-Sn-ÿm-\-kw-K-XnI-fn-sem-∂v. A-Xv \-S-Øm-\-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ F-ß-s\-bm-hpw `-c-W-Øn-s≥-d _m-°n kw-K-Xn-Iƒ \-S-Øp-∂-Xv? Du-ln-°m-t\ ]-‰q.- - -Ip-td-°m-e-am-bn P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`-I-fn¬ _-l-fw, "A-`q-X-]q¿-h-am-b _l-fw', kw-L¿-jw, G-‰p-ap-´¬, X-S- -s∏-Sp-ج, hm-°u-´v F-∂n-h-bm-Wv \-S-°m-dp-≈-Xv F-∂m-Wv ]-{Xw hm-bn-°p-∂ B¿-°pw tXm-∂p-I. tUm. i¶¿ Z-bm¬ i¿-a-sb-t∏m-sem-cp k-ap-∂-X cm-jv-{S-t\-Xm-hv, k-` \n-b-{¥n°m≥ \-S-Øn-b F-√m {i-a-hpw ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bpw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS s]-cp-am-‰w A-tß-b-‰w A-k-ly-am-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ k-`-bn¬ s]m-´n°-c-™-Xv \mw Ip-d-®p-Im-ew ap≥-]v I-≠-Xm-Wv. Im-cy-߃ C-Xn-e-∏p-dw hj-fm-bn-°q-sS-∂v tXm-∂n-b-t∏mƒ tem-Iv-k-`m kv-]o-°-dm-bn-cp-∂ ]n.-F. kwKv-a C-°m-cyw am-{Xw N¿-® sN-øm≥ H-cp {]-tXy-I k-tΩ-f-\w hn-fn-®p-tN¿Øp. Ip-td Xo-cp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-Øp. F-¥p {]-tbm-P-\w! H-∂pw \-S-∏m-bn-√. Im-cy-߃ Iq-Sp-X¬ h-j-fm-hp-I-X-s∂ sN-bv-Xp. Pn.-Fw.-kn. _m-e-tbm-Kn 40
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-]p-e-am-b k-tΩ-f-\-am-Wv I-gn-™ Zn-h-kw hn-fn-®p-Iq-´n-b-Xv. ho≠p-an-Xm Ip-td Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fpw am¿-K-tc-J-I-fpw G-I-I-WvT-am-bn Aw-Ko-Icn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- ""k-`-bn¬ F-√m-h-cpw am-\y-am-bn s]-cp-am-d-Ww, _-l-fw D-≠m-°-cp-Xv'' ˛C-ß-s\ H-cp \n¿-tZ-iw N¿-®-bv-°v h-∂m¬ B-sc-¶n-epw F-gp-t∂-‰p-\n-∂v, ""am-\y-am-bn s]-cp-am-dm-s\m-∂pw ]-‰n-√-˛-I-gn-bn-√, F-\n-°v _-l-f-ap-≠m-°Ww, A-Xm-sW-s≥-d ]m¿-´n-bp-sS ]-cn-]m-Sn'' F-∂v ]-d-bp-tam? ]-d-bp-I-bn-√. C-Ø-cw \n¿-tZ-i-ß-sf-√mw F-√m-h-cpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-°pw. ""I-≈w ]-d-b-cp-Xv, I-°-cp-Xv, \n-b-aw ]m-en-°-Ww'' Xp-S-ßn-b k-Zv-\n¿-tZ-i-߃ th-W-sa-¶n¬ sk≥-{S¬ P-bn-en-se X-S-hp-Im-sc-s°m-≠p-t]m-epw X-Xz-Øn¬ G-I-I-WvTam-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bpw.- - -Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fpw \n-b-a-ß-fpw in-£-I-fpw tem-I-sØ \-∂m-°p-am-bn-cp∂p-sh-¶n¬ Cu tem-Iw C-ß-s\-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m. ]n.-F. kw-Kv-a-bpsS Im-e-sØ Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fp-sS K-Xn-X-s∂-bm-Wv _m-e-tbm-Kn hn-fn-®p-tN¿Ø tbm-K-Øn-ep-≠m-b Xo-cp-am-\-߃-°pw D-≠m-Im≥ t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. F-¥mWn-Xn-\v Im-c-Ww? - - -]m¿-e-sa≥-dw-K-ß-fm-bn Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-sS \n-e-hm-cw X-I¿∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-{X-am-Wn-Xv F-∂v I-cp-tX-≠ ˛-\n-e-hm-cw Ip-d-™n-´p-≠v F∂-Xv k-Xy-am-sW-¶n-epw. s\-lv-dp-am-cp-sS-bpw Ir-]-em-\n-am-cp-sS-bpw Im-e-a√-t√m C-Xv. F-¶n-epw, Iq-Sp-X¬ Ku-c-h-ap-≈ th-sd-bpw Im-c-W-߃ ImWmw. F-¥m-Wv b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬ P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`-I-fn¬ \-S-°p-∂-Xv? kz-X{¥-am-b A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\-sa-∂pw N¿-®-sb-∂pw \o-Xn-]q¿-h-I-am-b thm-s´Sp-s∏-∂pw F-√mw tc-J-bn¬ ]-d-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw. `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS 105 (1) hIp-∏n¬-Ø-s∂ "".-.-.-.-.-.-]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\ kzm-X-{¥yw D-≠mIpw'' F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. b-Y¿-Y-Øn¬ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dw-K-߃-°v Cu kzm-X{¥yw C-√. C-Xv Kp-cp-X-c-am-b {]-iv-\-߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn\-I-Øv A-`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥yw am-{X-a-√ kz-X-{¥ N¿-®-bpw \o-Xn-]q¿-h-I thm-s´-Sp-∏p-X-s∂-bpw C-√. A-h-sb-√mw X-Xz-߃ am-{X-am-Wv. {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam-bn Im-cy-߃ F-ß-s\ \-S-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-\v H-cp D-Zm-l-c-Ww t\m-°pI. "t]m-t´m' h-en-b hn-hm-Z-am-W-t√m. A-Xv ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ N¿-®-bv-°v h-cp∂p F-∂p-I-cp-Xp-I. Hm-tcm Aw-K-hpw A-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v F-s¥-¥v A-`n-{]mb-ß-fm-Wv ]-d-bp-I F-∂v \-ap-°n-∏-tg ]-d-bm-\m-hpw. ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-sc _m-[n-°p-∂-sX-∂v B-t£-]-ap-≈ h-Ip-∏n-s\ Xp-d-s∂-Xn¿-°-W-sa-∂v temI-{]-i-kv-X ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-\pw A-`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s≥-d-bpw ]-{Xkzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s≥-d-bp-sa-√mw h-‡m-hp-am-b A-cp¨ ju-cn-°v tXm-∂n F∂n-cn-°-s´. ju-cn-°v A-`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥yw ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn-\-I-Øv {]-tbm-Kn41
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °m≥ ]-‰n-√. a-{¥n-∏-Wn-bpw ]m¿-e-sa≥-dw-K-Xz-hp-sa-√mw \-jv-S-am-sb-∂n-cn°pw. _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-sS "^-Xv-h'bv-°v A-\p-k-cn-t® ju-cn-°v A-`n-{]m-bw ]d-bm-\pw thm-´p-sN-øm-\pw ]-‰q. C-…m-an-se ^-Xv-h-I-sf-°p-dn-®v ]p-kv-X-I-sagp-Xp-∂ em-L-h-tØm-sS ]m¿-´n-bp-sS "^-Xv-h' ew-Ln-°m-\m-hn-√. A-`n-{]mbw ]-d-bm≥ h-en-b hn-e sIm-Sp-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv A-`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-a-√. ""A-`n-{]m-b-kzm-X-{¥y-sam-s°-bp-≠v, ]-t£, P-bn-en¬ t]m-tI-≠n-h-cp-sat∂ D-≈q'' ˛-F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xpw.- -F-√m Aw-K-ß-fpw ]m¿-´n-bp-sS "hn-∏n'\-\p-k-cn-®m-Wv A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-bp∂-Xpw thm-´v sN-øp-∂-Xpw. C-Xn-s≥-d A¿-Yw `q-cn-]-£-ap-≈ ]m¿-´n-bp-sStbm ap-∂-Wn-bp-sS-tbm G-Im-[n-]-Xy-am-bn-cn-°pw k-`-bn¬ F-∂m-Wv. {]-iv\-sØ I-£n-a-d-∂v k-ao-]n-°m-t\m cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\-∏p-d-Øp-≈ \n-K-a-\-ßfn-se-Øm-t\m Aw-K-߃-°v I-gn-bp-I-tb-bn-√. F-√m Im-cy-ß-fn-epw thm-s´Sp-∏v \-S-Ømw. B-scm-s° F-ß-s\-sbm-s° thm-´p-sN-øp-sa-∂v ap≥-Iq-´n A-dn-bm-sa-∂p-am-{Xw. {]-Xn-]-£-Øn-s≥-d H-cp \n¿-tZ-iw \ym-b-am-sW-∂v `c-W-]-£-sØ `q-cn-]-£mw-K-߃-°pw tXm-∂n-bm-epw A-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-°s∏-Sn-√. kw-Jym-_-e-Øn-s≥-d G-Im-[n-]-Xy-ap-≈ H-cp k-`-bn¬ kw-Jym-_ew Ip-d-™-h¿-°v F-¥m-Wv sN-øm≥ I-gn-bp-I? Iq-°n-hn-fn-°m-\pw _-lfw Iq-´m-\pw ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw hn-fn-°m-\pw ssa-°v-Ip-‰n s]m-´n-s®-dn-bm-\pw H∂pw {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ "thm-°u-´v' \-S-Øm-\p-ta A-h¿-°v ]-‰q.- - -Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏pw a-{¥n-k-`m cq-]-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw I-gn-™m¬ Hm-tcm {]-iv-\Øn-epw thm-s´-Sp-∏n-epw I-£n-cm-jv-{So-bw B-h-iy-am-sW-∂v G-Xv P-\m-[n-]Xy-X-Xz-Øn-em-Wv ]-d-bp-∂-Xv? H-cn-S-Øp-an-√. F-∂p-am-{X-a-√, ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv F-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-ÿm-]-\w Cu-hn-[w A-e-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-X-s∂ Cu k-{º-Zm-bw Im-c-W-am-Wv. A-hn-izm-k {]-ta-b-Øn-sem-gn-sI a-s‰m-cp thm-s´Sp-∏n-epw ]m¿-´n-hn-∏v D-≠m-hn-√ F-∂p-h-∂m-te ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn-se C-t∏m-gsØ A-h-ÿ A-h-km-\n-°q. Aw-K-߃-°v kz-X-{¥-am-bn Nn-¥n-°m-\pw A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-bm-\pw thm-´v sN-øm-\pw F-∂v I-gn-bp-∂p-thm A-t∂ C-Xv b-Ym¿-Y P-\m-[n-]-Xy-kw-hn-[m-\-am-Iq.- -]-d-™n-s´-¥p ^-ew? h-f-sc ]-cn-an-X-am-b Im-cy-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂ kzmX-{¥yw-t]m-epw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ-°v \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-ßfp-sS Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ C-Xp-h-sc D-≠m-bn-cp-∂ c-l-ky-_m-e-‰v th-s≠-∂psh-°m≥ tI-{µw Xo-cp-am-\n-®p-I-gn-™p. ]m¿-´n ]-d-bp-∂-h¿-t° thm-´v sNøm-\m-hq. H-cp ]m¿-´n-°pw C-Xn¬ A-`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-an-√. P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Isf ap-gp-h≥ ]m¿-´n tdm-t_m-´p-I-fm-°p-∂ Cu G¿-∏m-Sn-s\ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw F-∂v hn-fn-°m-\m-hn-√."2001 Un-kw-_¿- 9 ˛- 15
13 _-µp-Iƒ,l¿-Øm-ep-Iƒ C-°-gn-™ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-Zn-\w tI-c-f-Øn-em-cpw B-N-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-tØm-Sv s]-s´-∂v F-s¥-¶n-epw hn-tcm-[-ap-≠m-b-Xp-sIm-≠√ B-N-cn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xv; A-Xn-\v B-fp-Iƒ-°v I-gn-bm-Xn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. F-¥pw B-N-cn-°m-\pw B-tLm-jn-°m-\pw I-gn-b-W-sa-¶n¬ a-\p-jy¿-°v ho-´n¬-\n∂v ]p-d-Øn-d-ßm-\pw Iq-´w-Iq-Sm-\pw I-gn-b-W-a-t√m. H-cp l¿-Øm¬ Zn-\Øn¬ A-Xn-\p-≈ A-h-Im-iw tI-c-fo-b¿-°n-√. Np-cp-°-Øn¬, {]m-Y-an-I-amb a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw-t]m-epw C-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v, \-ap-°v A-∂v a-\p-jym-hIm-i-Zn-\w B-N-cn-°m-\m-bn-√ F-∂¿-Yw.- -G-sX-¶n-epw H-cp kw-L-Sn-X hn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d X-e-∏-Øv C-cn-°p-∂ At©m ]-tØm B-fp-Iƒ-°v F-t∏mƒ th-W-sa-¶n-epw aq-∂p-tIm-Sn tI-c-fo-bcp-sS \n-Xy-Po-hn-Xw X-In-Sw a-dn-°mw. Cu A-t©m ]-tØm B-fp-Iƒ-t]mepw tbm-Kw Iq-Sn-tbm N¿-® sN-tbv-Xm B-hn-√ Cu Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. H-cp jo-‰v I-S-em- n¬ l¿-Øm¬ B-lzm-\w F-gp-Xn ]-{X-tam-^o-kp-I-fn-te°v ^m-Iv-kv sN-øp-I-tb th-≠q. B Zn-h-kw F-√mw \n-›-e-am-Ipw. tI-c-fØn¬ h¿-j-ß-fm-bn Xp-S-cp-∂ Cu a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-ew-L-\-Øn¬ tcm-jwsIm-≠v Ip-td-t∏¿ tIm-S-Xn-sb k-ao-]n-®p. F-√m A-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS-bpw kwc-£-Ww tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS Np-a-X-e-bm-W-t√m. tIm-S-Xn, {]-iv-\w Ku-c-h-am-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-I-bpw D-Ø-c-hv ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS C-S-s]-S¬-sIm-≠v H-cp {]-tbm-P-\-hp-ap-≠m-bn-√ F-∂p-]-d-™p-Iq-Sm. A-°mew-h-sc _-µv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂ {]-h-W-X-bp-sS t]-cv l¿-Øm¬ F-∂v cq]m-¥-c-s∏-´p! 43
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -l¿-Øm-ep-I-sf {]-Xo-£n-X l¿-Øm¬, A-{]-Xo-£n-X l¿-Øm¬ F-∂v c-≠m-bn X-cw-Xn-cn-°mw. h¿-jw-tXm-dpw Ir-Xy-Zn-h-k-ß-fn¬ N-c-a-hm¿-jn-Iwt]m-se B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv {]-Xo-£n-X l¿-Øm¬. Cu K-W-Øn¬ Ct∏m-g-[n-Iw l¿-Øm-ep-I-fn-√. Un-kw-_¿ 6˛mw Xo-b-Xn F-s´m≥-]-Xp h¿-jam-bn \-S-°p-∂ l¿-Øm-ep-Iƒ Cu hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-Spw. th-≠-{X ap-s∂mcp-°-߃ sN-øm-sa-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v C-h G-ev-]n-°p-∂ t{Zm-l-Øn-s≥-d ImTn\yw Ip-d-bv-°m≥ \-ap-°v I-gn-bp-∂p. h¿-jw-tXm-dpw B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-X-s√¶n-epw, h-f-sc Zn-h-k-߃ ap≥-Iq-´n {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂ a-‰p l¿-Øm-ep-Iƒ°pw Cu Kp-W-ap-≠v. \m-f-sØ l¿-Øm¬ C-∂v {]-Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv G-‰hpw I-Sp-Ø B-Lm-X-ta-ev-]n-°m-\p-≈ am¿-Kw. Hm¿-°m-∏p-d-Øv X-e-bv-°-Sntb-‰-Xp-t]m-se _-lp-`q-cn-]-£-am-fp-I-fpw ho-Wp-t]m-Ipw.- -_-lp-`q-cn-]-£-Øn-s≥-d ta¬ kw-L-Sn-X \yq-\-]-£-tam A-an-Xm-[n-Im-cap-≈ hy-‡n-I-tfm \-S-Øp-∂ I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-ß-sf-bm-Wv \-Ωp-sS cm-jv-{So-bI-£n-Iƒ "^m-kn-kw' F-∂v hn-fn-°m-dp-≈-Xv. ^m-kn-k-Øn-s≥-d kq-£vam¿-Y-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ A-`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-߃ A-hn-sS \n¬-°-s´. t]m-eo-kns≥-d-tbm k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS-tbm a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-ew-L-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v \m-gnI-bv-°v \m-ev-]-Xp-h-´w {]-Xn-tj-[-ap-b¿-Øp-∂ cm-jv-{So-b-I-£n-I-fpw kw-LS-\-I-fpw X-s∂-bm-Wv ^m-kn-k-tØm-Sv A-Sp-Øp-\n¬-°p-∂ tkz-—m-[n-]Xyw {]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv F-∂p-Im-Wmw. kw-L-Sn-X-i-‡n-bp-sS tXm-Xn-\-\pk-cn-®v P-\-ß-fp-sS ta-ep-≈ I-S-∂p-I-b-‰w Iq-Sp-I-tbm Ip-d-bp-I-tbm sN-øpsa-∂ hy-Xym-k-ta D-≈q.- -Cu-bn-sS H-cp hm¿-jn-I l¿-Øm¬-Zn-\-Øn¬ tI-c-f X-e-ÿm-\-Øn-\-SpØv H-cp kw-`-h-ap-≠m-bn. ]-\n-_m-[n-® H-cp \m-ep-h-b- p-Im-cn-sb B-kv-]{Xn-bn-te-°v sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ Ip-Xn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂ Im¿ l¿-Øm-ep-Im¿ X-S-™p-sh-®v B-{I-an-®p. sIm-®p-Ip-´n hm-hn-´p-I-c-bp-∂-Xpw _-‘p-°ƒ Ic-™p-]-d-™-Xp-sam-∂pw "B-Z¿-i-[o-c'∑m-cm-b l¿-Øm-ep-Im-cp-sS a-\- n-f°n-bn-√. Ip-™p-am-bn a-S-ßm≥ _-‘p-°ƒ \n¿-_-‘n-X-cm-bn. ]-\n-h¿-[n®v \yq-tam-Wn-b-bm-b-t∏mƒ c-≠p-\mƒ I-gn-™v Ip-™v a-cn-®p. l¿-Øm-ens≥-d kw-Lm-S-I¿-s°-Xn-sc sIm-e-°p-‰-Øn-\v tI-sk-Sp-°-W-sa-∂v B-cpw B-h-iy-s∏-´-Xm-bn tI-´n-√. a-\p-jym-h-Im-i I-Ωo-j≥ C-S-s]-´-Xm-bn dnt∏m¿-´n-√. H-cp km-[m-c-W-hm¿-Ø-bm-bn C-Xpw \-Ωp-sS hn-kv-ar-Xn-bn-te-°v B-≠p-t]m-bn.- -H-cp tUm-Œ-dp-sS ssI-∏n-g-sIm-≠m-Wv Nn-In-’-bv-°n-S-bn¬ Cu Ip-™v acn-®-sX-¶n¬ F-s¥-√mw tIm-em-l-e-am-Wv D-≠m-Ip-I F-∂v Hm¿-Øp-t\m°p-I. H-cp Im¿-ss{U-h-dp-sS ]n-g-hp-sIm-≠p-≠m-b A-]-I-S-Øn-em-Wv a-c-Wsa-¶n-epw tI-kpw A-d-Ãp-sam-s°-bp-≠m-hpw. t_m-[-]q¿-h-a-√m-Ø \-c-l44
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Xy-bv-°v tI-sk-Sp-°p-I-bpw {]-Xn-sb a-Pn-kv-t{S-´v dn-am≥-Un¬ P-bn-en-en-Sp-Ibpw sN-øpw. c-≠v k-µ¿-`-Øn-epw Xo¿-Øpw A-{]-Xo-£n-X-am-bm-Wv a-c-Wap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. l¿-Øm-en-em-h-s´, F-√mw t_m-[-]q¿-h-am-Wv. F-∂n-´pw tIkn-√, A-d-Ãn-√, P-bn-en-√. `-cn-°p-∂-h¿-t°m I-Ωo-j-\p-Iƒ-t°m ]u-cm-hIm-i {]-ÿm-\-߃-t°m e-h-te-iw a-\- m-£n-°p-Øp-ap-≠m-bn-√.- -\m-´p-Im-sc ap-gp-h≥ I-Øn-ap-\-bn¬ hn-d-∏n-°p-∂ {In-an-\-en-s\-tbm, \m-Sn\v ap-gp-h≥ Xo-bn-Sm≥ sh-ºp-∂ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I-s\-tbm t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xn-\n-Sbn¬ t]m-eo-kn-s≥-d `m-K-Øp-\n-∂v F-s¥-¶n-epw X-c-Øn-ep-≈ \n-b-a-ew-L\-tam a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-[zw-k-\-tam D-≠m-sb-∂p-sh-°p-I. \m-a-Xn-\v am-∏psIm-Sp-°m-dn-√. sIm-Sp-°m≥ ]m-Sn-√-Xm-\pw. ]-t£, `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I-\v In´p-∂ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i kw-c-£-Ww t]m-eo-kp-Im-c-\v In-´m-dn-s√-∂-Xm-Wv bm-Ym¿-Yyw. A-kw-L-Sn-X-\m-b km-[m-c-W ]u-c-\m-h-s´, `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-Is≥-d-bpw t]m-eo-kp-Im-c-s≥-d-bpw kw-L-Sn-X hn-`m-K-ß-fp-sS-bp-sa-√mw ]o-U\-߃ am-dn-am-dn G-‰p-hm-tß-≠n h-cp-∂p. H-cp a-\p-jym-h-Im-i X-Øz-hpw A-h-s≥-d c-£-sbv-°-Øp-I-bn-√.- -A-Sn-t®-ev-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ F-√m k-a-c-cq-]-ß-fn-epw a-\p-jym-h-Im-i [zw-k\-ap-≠v. B-bp-[-i-‡n-sIm-≠m-Wv `o-I-c-hm-Zn a-\p-jy-s≥-d A-h-Im-i-ß-sf√mw I-h¿-s∂-Sp-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ kw-L-Sn-X-i-‡n-sIm-≠m-Wv l¿-Øm-ep-Imcpw a-‰pw a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw I-h-cp-∂-Xv. D-]-Po-h-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n H-cp sIm-®p ^m-Œ-dn \-S-Øp-∂-h-s\-bpw Nn-√-d A-[n-Im-c-߃ am-{X-ap-≈ D-tZym-K-ÿ∑m-sc-bpw sL-cm-thm sN-øp-∂-Xv \-Ωp-sS \m-´n¬ \n-Xy-kw-`-h-am-Wv. "sLcm-thm' F-∂-Xv _-µpw l¿-Øm-epw t]m-se \-Ω-sf I-_-fn-∏n-°m≥ C-d°p-a-Xn sN-bv-X H-cp A-\y-`m-jm-]-Z-am-Wv. sL-cm-thm H-cp k-a-c-cq-]w-t]mep-a-√. h-gn-\-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-s\ cm-{Xn X-S-™p-\n¿-Øn t]m-°-‰-Sn-°p-∂Xp-t]m-ep-≈ H-cp Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-am-W-Xv. H-cm-sf aq-{X-sam-gn-°m≥-t]m-epw A-\ph-Zn-°m-sX ar-Ko-b-am-bn ]o-Un-∏n-®v \-Ωp-sS B-h-iyw Aw-Ko-I-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xn-s\-bm-Wv sL-cm-thm F-∂v hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv. F-t¥ B-cpw {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-tbbpw a-{¥n-am-tc-bp-sam-∂pw sL-cm-thm sN-øp-∂n-√? \-Ωp-sS kw-L-Sn-X-i‡n-sb s]m-Sn-bm-°m-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-c-i-‡n A-h-cp-sS ssI-bn-ep-s≠-∂-XpX-s∂ Im-c-Ww. C-Xn¬ X-Øz-hpw B-Z¿-i-hp-sam-∂p-an-√, `o-cp-Xz-ta D-≈q.- -F-√m l¿-Øm-ep-Im-cpw _-µp-Im-cpw A-Xn¬-\n-∂v H-gn-hm-°n-b Nn-e hn`m-K-°m-cp-sS t]-cp-Iƒ {]-Jym-]n-°m-dp-≠v. B-kv-]-{Xn-I-sf-tbm B-kv-]-{XnI-fn-te-°v t]m-Ip-∂ sa-Un-°¬ tPm-en-°m-sc-tbm H-gn-hm-°m-dn-√. sa-Un°¬ tIm-tf-Pv B-kv-]-{Xn-I-fn-te-°p-≈ tdm-Up-I-fn¬ t]m-epw a-Xn-ep-Iƒt]m-se X-S- -߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂-h¿ am-[y-a-ß-sf l¿-Øm-ep-I-fn¬-\ns∂m-gn-hm-°p-∂p. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-sIm-≠m-hpw A-h-cn-Xv 45
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sN-øp-∂-sX-∂m-sc-¶n-epw sX-‰n-≤-cn-®n-´p-≠m-hp-tam B-thm? A-ß-s\ bmsXm-∂p-an-√. H-cp Zn-h-kw ]-{X-ß-fn-d-ßn-bn-s√-¶n-epw H-cmƒ-t]m-epw a-cn-°n√. H-cp-Zn-h-kw tUm-Œ¿-am¿ B-kv-]-{Xn-I-fn-se-Øn-bn-s√-¶n¬ A-t\-I-am-fpIƒ a-cn-°pw. F-∂n-´pw ]-{X-ß-sf-bm-Wv H-gn-hm-°m-dp-≈-Xv. X-߃ sN-bvXp-Iq-´p-∂-sX-√mw h¿-W-Nn-{X-߃ k-ln-Xw ]n-t‰-∂v {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®v I-≠v B-\-µn-°p-I-sb-∂ kzm¿-Y-Nn-¥ am-{X-am-Wv C-Xn-\v ]n-∂n¬.- -_m-_v-dn a-kv-Pn-Zv kv-am-c-I hm¿-jn-I-l¿-Øm-ep-Im¿ i-_-cn-a-e Xo¿-YmS-I-sc l¿-Øm-en¬-\n-∂v H-gn-hm-°n-b-Xm-bn {]-Jym-]n-®n-cp-∂p. ]-te-S-Øpw A-Xp ew-Ln-°-s∏-´p-sh-∂-Xpw A-Xv a-s‰m-cp l¿-Øm-en-\v Im-c-W-am-sb-∂Xpw th-sdm-cp Im-cyw. km-[m-c-W a-\p-jy-s≥-d am-‰n-sh-°m≥ ]-‰m-Ø Poh¬-{]-[m-\-am-b \q-dp-Im-cy-߃-°v C-√m-Ø {]m-[m-\y-sam-∂pw Xo¿-Ym-S-\Øn-\n-√. A-Xv H-cp-\mƒ am-‰n-b-Xp-sIm-≠v ssZ-hw ]-cn-`-hn-°p-I-sbm-∂p-an√. ]n-s∂-sb-¥n-\v Xo¿-Ym-S-I-sc H-gn-hm-°p-∂p? i-_-cn-a-e Xo¿-Ym-S-I-cpw Hcp kw-L-Sn-X-i-‡n-bm-sW-∂-Xp-X-s∂ Im-c-Ww. sIm-®p-Ip-™n-s≥-d Poh≥ c-£n-°m≥ B-kv-]-{Xn-bn-te-°v t]m-Ip-∂ A-—-\-Ω-am-cp-sS Im¿ X-S™m¬ A-h¿ Xn-cn-®p-X-√p-I-sbm-∂p-an-√, \n-e-hn-fn-°p-I-tb D-≈q. Xo¿-YmS-I¿ B-bn-c-ß-fm-bm-Wv H-gp-In-sb-Øp-∂-Xv. X-S-™m¬ i-co-cw tI-Sm-hpw. C-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv ]mTw. Hm-tcm sX-cp-hn-epw \q-dv Kp-≠-I-sf H-cp l¿-Øm¬Zn-h-kw Iq-en-°v \n¿-Øm≥ hym-]m-cn-˛-hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ-°v I-gn-bp-tam? F¶n¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ \-S-°p-∂ A-h-km-\ l¿-Øm-em-bn-cn-°pw A-Xv.- " 2001 Un-kw-_¿- 23 ˛- 29
14 P-bn-ep-Iƒ I-b-dn-bn-d-ßp-∂ em-ep em-ep-{]-km-Zv bm-Z-hv P-bn-ep-Iƒ I-b-dn-bn-d-ßp-I-bm-Wv. C-sX-gp-Xp-tºmƒ em-ep Pm¿-J-fin-se P-bn-en-em-Wv. c-≠m-gv-N ap≥-]v em-ep-hn-\v kp-{]ow-tImS-Xn Pm-ay-a-\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. A-t±-lw P-bn-en¬ \n-∂n-d-ßp-sa-∂m-Wv \mw I-cp-Xn-b-Xv. C-d-ßm≥ I-gn-™n-√. a-s‰m-cp tI- n¬ em-ep-hn-s\ A-dkv-‰p-sN-bv-Xv P-bn-en-em-°n. P-bn-en¬-\n-∂v ]p-d-Øn-d-ßn-bm¬ B-sc-sb-¶nepw sIm-√p-I-tbm sIm-≈-\-S-Øp-I-tbm sN-øp-sa-∂v `-b-ap-≈-t∏mƒ Nn-e h≥-In-S {In-an-\-ep-Iƒ-°v F-Xn-sc Cu hn-Zy A-[n-Ir-X¿ {]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v. H-cp tI- n¬ Pm-ayw hm-ßn P-bn-en¬-\n-∂p ]p-d-Øn-d-ßp-tºmƒ a-s‰mcp tI- v Nm¿-Pv sN-bv-Xv P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°pw. ap≥ _n-lm¿ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bpw kw-ÿm-\w `-cn-°p-∂ cm-jv-{So-b P-\-Xm-Z-fn-s≥-d X-e-h-\p-am-b em-ep {]km-Zv bm-Z-hv P-bn-en¬ \n-∂n-d-ßn-bm¬ k-aq-l-Øn-\v tZm-jw sN-øp-∂ H-cp {In-an-\¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-tWm? - -em-ep {]-km-Zv bm-Z-hv B-Zy-am-b-√ P-bn-en¬ t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. ]-g-b _n-lm¿ {]-t£m-`-Im-e-sØ I-W-°-hn-sS \n¬-°-s´. ap-Jy-a-{¥n-ÿm-\w \-jv-S-am°n-b Im-en-Øo-‰ hn-hm-Z-t°-kn¬-Ø-s∂ B-dmw X-h-W-bm-Wv P-bn-en-emIp-∂-Xv. _n-lm¿ kw-ÿm-\-sØ ap-gp-h≥ {S-j-dn-I-fn-epw \-S-∂ Im-en-Øo‰ ]-W-an-S-]m-Sp-Iƒ Hm-tcm-∂pw sh-t∆-sd {In-an-\¬ tI-kv B-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. Hm-tcm-∂n-epw em-ep-hn-s\ A-d-Ãp-sN-øm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Np-cp-°n-∏-d™m¬, Cu Po-hn-X-Im-e-Øv C-\n em-ep P-bn-en¬ \n-∂n-d-ßn-√ F-∂p-d-∏ph-cp-Øm≥ kn.-_n.-sF-°pw kn.-_n-sF-sb \n-b-{¥n-°p-∂-h¿-°pw I-gn-bpw. A-t±-lw C-\n-sbm-cn-°-epw kq-tcym-Z-bw Im-Wm≥ A¿-l-X-bn-√m-Ø-hn-[47
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sam-cp sIm-Sn-b {In-an-\¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-tWm? - -em-ep {]-km-Zv bm-Z-hv F-s¥-¶n-epw Ip-‰w sN-bv-X-Xm-bn C-Xp-h-sc H-cp tIm-S-Xn-bpw hn-[n-®n-´n-√. A-©p h¿-jw ap≥-]v B-cw-`n-®-Xm-Wv A-t±-l-Øns\-Xn-sc tI-kp-Iƒ. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw, em-ep \n-c-]-cm-[n-bm-sW-∂pw sX-fn™n-´n-√. t\-c-sØ em-ep-hn-s\ X-S-hn-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ A-t±-l-Øn-\v km-[mc-W Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°p In-´m-Ø ku-I-cy-߃ P-bn-en¬ e-`n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. em-ep sS-en-hn-j≥ Im-Wp-∂-Xpw a-‰p ku-I-cy-߃ A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xpw \m-´p-Im¿-°v C-jv-S-a-√ F-∂v \-ap-°-dn-bmw. km-[m-c-W I-≈-∑m-tc-bpw sIm≈-°m-tc-bpw-t]m-se em-ep-hn-t\-bpw {Su-k¿ C-So-®v C-cp-º-gn-°p-≈n-em-°n tKm-X-ºp-≠ Xo-‰n-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv \-Ωp-sS-sb-√mw B-{K-lw. \-Ω-sf-√mw kZv-Kp-W-k-º-∂-cm-b-Xp-sIm-≠v A-gn-a-Xn F-∂ t]¿ tIƒ-°p-tºmƒ-Ø-s∂ [m¿-an-I-tcm-jw sIm-≠v hn-d-bv-°pw. cq-]m In-´m-sX ta-i-∏p-d-sØ ^-b¬ sXm-Sp-I-bn-s√-∂v {]-Xn-⁄-sb-Sp-Ø k¿-°m¿ Hm-^o-kv ¢m¿-°pw em-ep-{]km-Zv bm-Z-hn-s≥-d A-gn-a-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p-]-d-bp-tºmƒ tcm-jw sIm-≠v Pz-en°pw. s]m-Xp-sh, \m-´n¬ Im-Wp-∂ [m¿-an-I-tcm-j-Øn-s≥-d A-Sn-ÿm-\w [m¿-an-I-X-sbm-∂p-a-√, A-kq-b-bm-Wv. ]-tØm \q-tdm cq-]-bm-Wv \-ap-°v tIm-g-bpw ssI-°q-en-bp-sam-s°-bm-bn In-´p-I. Zp-jv-S≥ em-ep tIm-Sn-I-fm-Wv sh-´n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F-ß-s\ A-kq-b tXm-∂m-Xn-cn-°pw? - '97¬ B-cw-`n-® tI-kp-I-fn-sem-∂n¬ t]m-epw A-t\z-j-Ww ]q¿-Øn-bm°m-t\m Nm¿-Pv jo-‰v \¬-Im-t\m, Im-cy-£-a-X-bv-°v \-√ t]-cp-≈ kn.-_n.sF-°v I-gn-™n-´n-√. em-ep-hn-s\-Xn-sc F-Sp-Øn-´p-≈ tI- p-I-fn¬ ap-gp-h≥ A-t\z-j-Ww ]q¿-Øn-bm-°m≥ F-{X ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ th-≠n-h-cp-sa-∂v Duln-°m-t\ ]-‰q. A-Xp-h-sc em-ep P-bn-ep-I-fn¬ I-b-dn-bpw C-d-ßn-bpw sIm≠n-cn-°pw F-∂p am-{Xw Du-ln-°-Ww.- -in-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-h-sc H-cm-sf \n-c-]-cm-[n-bm-bn \n-b-aw I-W-°m-°p∂p F-∂-Xv \o-Xn-bp-sS a-lm-X-Øz-am-bn ]-d-™p-tIƒ-°m-dp-≠v. em-ep {]km-Zv bm-Z-hn-s≥-d Im-cy-Øn¬ am-{X-a-√, a-‰-t\-Im-bn-cw B-fp-I-fp-tS-bpw Imcy-Øn¬ C-sXm-cp A¿-Y-iq-\y-am-b X-Øz-am-Wv.- -t]m-eo-kv H-cp tI-kv Nm¿-Pv-sN-bv-Xm¬ tIm-S-Xn \n-ß-sf sh-dp-sX hn-Spwh-sc \n-߃ Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-Wv F-∂-Xm-Wv b-Ym¿-Y A-h-ÿ. \n-c-]-cm-[n-bmb H-cm-sf P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°m-tam? em-ep-hn-s\ in-£n-®n-´n-√. A-Xp-sIm-≠v emep \n-c-]-cm-[n-bm-Wv. F-∂n-´pw em-ep P-bn-en-em-Wv. H-cp-X-h-W-bpw c-≠p-Xh-W-bp-a-√, B-dp X-h-W-bm-Wv, km-t¶-Xn-I-am-bpw \n-b-a-]-c-am-bpw \n-c-]cm-[n-bm-b em-ep-hn-s\ P-bn-en-em-°n-b-Xv.48
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -h-en-b-h-cpw sN-dn-b-h-cp-am-b B-bn-c-߃ C-ß-s\ P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°-s∏-Sp∂p-≠v. I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-am-cp-sS-bpw P-b-e-fn-X-am-cp-sS-bpw Im-cyw h-cp-tºm-tg C-Xv ]-{X-˛-Zr-iy-am-[y-a-ß-fn¬ hn-j-b-am-hp-I-bpw hn-hm-Z-am-hp-I-bpw sN-ømdp-≈q. \n-ß-tfm-Sv i-{Xp-X-bp-≈ B-cp-sS-sb-¶n-epw H-cp ]-cm-Xn a-Xn t]m-eokn-\v F-^v.-sF.-B¿. F-gp-Xn-bn-Sm≥. F-^v.-sF.-B¿. F-gp-Xn-bm¬ t]m-eokn-\v B-sc-bpw A-d-Ãp-sN-ømw. tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ lm-P-cm-°n-bm¬ tI-kn-s≥d \ym-bm-\ym-b-X-I-sfm-∂pw ]-cn-tim-[n-°m≥ A-t∏mƒ a-Pn-kv-t{S-‰p-am¿-°v I-gn-bp-I-bn-√. A-h¿ {]-Xn-sb dn-am-≠v sN-øpw. C-ß-s\ dn-am-≠v sN-ø-s∏Sp-∂-h≥ kz-Øpw ]-W-hp-sam-∂pw C-√m-Ø-h-\m-sW-¶n¬ A-h-\v Pm-aym-t]£ \¬-Im≥ t]m-epw I-gn-s™-∂p h-cn-I-bn-√. tI-kv Xo-cpw-h-sc P-bn¬X-s∂ K-Xn. D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ {Km-a-ß-fn¬ \n-∂p-≈ B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ C-ß-s\ P-bn-ep-I-fn¬ I-gn-bp-∂p-sh-∂v dn-t∏m¿-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- -sh-dp-sam-cp ]-cm-Xn-bp-sS-tbm kw-i-b-Øn-s≥-d-tbm ]p-d-Øv, H-cp tIm-S-Xnbpw in-£ hn-[n-°m-sX a-\p-jy-s\ A-\n-›n-X-Im-e-tØ-°v P-bn-en-e-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ F-¥p \ym-b-hpw \o-Xn-bp-am-Wp-≈-Xv? D-∂-X-am-b a-\p-jym-h-Imi-X-Øz-ß-fn¬ D-d-®p-\n¬-°p-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ C-Xv A-\p-h-Zn°m-tam? \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-bp-sS A-\n-hm-cy-am-b Nn-e L-S-I-ß-fm-bn \m-an-Xn-s\ I-Æ-S-®v Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \q-dv A-]-cm-[n-Iƒ c-£-s∏-´m-epw H-cp \nc-]-cm-[n-t]m-epw in-£n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm F-∂ a-lm-X-Øzw {]-tbm-K-Øn¬, hnNn-{X-am-b a-s‰m-cp A-h-ÿ-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. \q-dp \n-c-]-cm-[n-Iƒ in-£n-°s∏-Sp-∂p, \q-dv A-]-cm-[n-Iƒ c-£-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p.- -tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ X-s∂ Cu Zp-c-¥-Øn-te-°v hn-c¬ Nq-≠n-bn-´p-≠v. 1994¬ kp{]ow-tIm-S-Xn ap≥-]m-sI h-∂ tPm-Ko-µ¿ knw-lpw D-Ø-c-{]-tZ-iv k¿-°mcpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ tI-kn-s≥-d hn-[n-bn¬ tIm-S-Xn Nn-e Im-cy-߃ hy-‡-am°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. C-¥y≥ in-£m-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]-d-bp-∂ F-s¥-¶n-ep-sam-cp Ip-‰w B-cp-sS-sb-¶n-epw t]-cn¬ t]m-eo-tkm a-‰m-sc-¶n-ep-tam B-tcm-]n-s®∂p-sh-®v D-S-s\ A-bm-sf ]n-Sn-®v P-bn-en-e-S-tbv-°-≠ Im-cy-sam-∂p-an-√. hnNm-c-W \-S-∂v, Ip-‰-°m-c-\m-sW-∂p I-s≠-Øp-tºm-tg A-bmƒ P-bn¬ in£-bv-°v A¿-l-\m-Ip-∂p-≈q. \m-ep X-cw tI-kp-I-fn¬ am-{X-ta F-^v.-sF.B¿. F-gp-Xn-°-gn-™m-ep-S≥ {]-Xn-sb ]n-Sn-°m≥ t]m-eo-kv ]m-tb-≠-Xp≈q. A-Xv G-sX-√m-sa-∂v tIm-S-Xn hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. 1. B-tcm-]n-®n-´p-≈ Ip-‰w sIm-e-]m-X-I-tam sIm-≈-tbm _-em-’w-K-tam I-h¿-®-tbm B-bn-cn°p-I. 2. {]-Xn \m-Sp-hn-Sm-\pw \n-b-a-\-S-]-Sn-bn¬-\n-∂v c-£-s∏-Sm-\pw km-[yX-bp-≠m-hp-I 3. {]-Xn A-{I-am-k-‡-\m-hp-I, Ip-‰-Ir-Xyw B-h¿-Øn-°m≥ C-S-bp-s≠-∂p tXm-∂p-I, 4. {]-Xn ÿn-cw Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-sW-∂p a-\- n-em-IpI.49
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -tIm-S-Xn-bn-te Ip-‰w sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q F-¶n-epw P-\-ß-fn¬ ss[cy-hpw \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-bn¬ hn-izm-k-hpw kr-jv-Sn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Nn-e tI- p-Ifn¬ D-S-s\ A-d-Ãp \-S-tØ-≠-Xm-bn h-cpw. A-h-bm-Wv kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. tI-k-t\z-j-Ww X-S- -s∏-Sp-Øm≥ I-gn-hp-≈ B-fm-Wv {]-Xn-sb-¶n-epw A-d-Ãn-\v \ym-bo-I-c-Ww I-s≠-Ømw. A-Xp an-° k-µ¿-`ß-fn-epw sh-dpw sRm-≠n-\ym-b-ta B-Im-dp-≈q. em-ep-{]-km-Zv bm-Z-hv tIk-t\z-j-Ww X-S- -s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂v kn.-_n.-sF. hm-Zn-°p ∂-Xv Cu X-c-Øn¬ s]-Sp-∂p. kn.-_n.-sF. B-Wv tI-kv A-t\z-jn-°p-∂-Xv. kn.-_n.-sF. tI-{µ-k¿-°m-dn-s≥-d Np-a-X-e-bn-em-Wv. tI-{µ-k¿-°m-dn-t∑¬ em-ep-hn-\v H-cp kzm-[o-\-hp-an-√. sX-fn-hp-Iƒ \-in-∏n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv hm-Z-sa¶n¬ A-Xn-epw h-en-b I-g-ºn-s√-∂v Im-Wmw. sX-fn-hp \-in-∏n-°m≥ em-ep t\-cn-´v sN-√-W-sa-∂n-√. ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-b `m-cy A-tX-s‰-Sp-Øp-sIm-≈p-at√m.- -a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw kw-c-£n-t°-≠ tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ-°v t]m-epw A-Xn-\v I-gnbp-∂n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv C-hn-S-sØ Zp-c-¥w. kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn G-gp-h¿-jw ap≥]v \¬-In-b \n¿-t±-i-߃ Xm-sg-°n-S tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ-t]m-epw A-\p-h¿-Øn-°p∂n-√ F-∂v Cu-bn-sS ]-e \n-b-a-Im-cy-\n-co-£-I-cpw Nq-≠n-°m-´p-I-bp-≠mbn. Hm-tcm A-d-Ãv \-S-Øp-tºm-gpw, A-d-Ãv A-\n-hm-cy-am-°n-b Im-c-W-߃ tI-kv-U-b-dn-bn¬ F-gp-Xn-t®¿-°-W-sa-∂pw {]-Xn-sb lm-P-cm-°p-tºmƒ aPn-kv-t{S-‰v C-Xv t\m-°n A-d-Ãv B-h-iy-am-bn-cp-∂p F-∂v D-d-∏p-h-cp-Ø-W-sa∂pw kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn \n¿-t±-in-®-Xm-Wv. ]-e k¿-°m¿ Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fpw t]m-se, kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn I-ev-]-\-I-fpw I-S-em- n¬ am-{Xw A-h-ti-jn-°p∂p. cm-Py-sØ 60 i-X-am-\w A-d-Ãp-I-fpw A-\m-h-iy-ß-fm-Wv F-∂p Is≠-Øn-b-Xv a-\p-jym-h-Im-i kw-L-S-\-I-sfm-∂p-a-√, \m-j-\¬ t]m-eo-kv I-Ωo-j-\m-Wv F-t∂m¿-°-Ww.- -em-ep-{]-km-Zv bm-Z-hv H-cp Ip-‰-hpw sN-øm-Ø a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-bm-sW-∂v hm-Zn-®p-h-cn-I-b-√, em-ep-hn-s≥-d t]-cn¬ B-tcm-]n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-Xv Im-enØo-‰ C-S-]m-Sn¬ A-gn-a-Xn \-S-Øn-sb-∂ Ip-‰-am-Wv. em-ep ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-Ip∂-Xn-\v-ap≥-]v Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-Wv Im-en-Øo-‰ hn-X-c-Ww F-∂v tI-kv tc-J-Ifn¬ Im-Wp-∂p. em-ep A-dn-t™m A-dn-bm-sX-tbm B-hmw A-gn-a-Xn Xp-S¿∂-Xv. A-Xv tIm-S-Xn I-s≠-Ø-s´. tIm-S-Xn A-Xp-I-s≠-Øm≥ ssh-Ip-∂p F-∂-Xv em-ep-hn-s≥-d Ip-‰-a-√. tIm-S-Xn-°v k-a-b-hpw km-h-Im-i-hpw D-≠mIp-∂-Xp-h-sc em-ep sP-bn-en¬ In-S-t°-≠ Im-cy-hp-an-√.- -{]-Xn em-ep B-I-s´, I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-bm-I-s´, Cu tI- p-I-fn-se cm-{„o-bw B¿-°pw Im-Wm-hp-∂-hn-[w {]-I-S-am-Wv. tI-{µ-`-c-W-I-£n-s°-Xn-cm-b hn-´pho-gv-N-bn-√m-Ø \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv em-ep Cu hn-[w sP-bn-ep-Iƒ tXm-dpw I-b-dn50
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bn-d-ßm≥ Im-c-W-sa-∂ bm-Ym¿-Yyw B¿-°pw \n-tj-[n-°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. _n.-sP.-]n.-bpw \-K-c-ß-fn-se Cw-•o-jv hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sn-b-h-cpw H-∂-S-¶w ]p-—n-°p-tºm-gpw _n-lm¿ P-\-X em-ep-hn-s\m-∏w \n¬-°p-∂-Xn-\v H-cp Im-cW-hpw C-Xm-hmw.-" 2001 Un-kw-_¿- 30 ˛- 2002 P-\-h-cn- 5
15 ap-j-d-^v F-∂ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥ tPm¿-Pv _p-jpw tSm-Wn sª-b-dpw am-{X-a-√ \-Ωp-sS {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]bn t]m-epw ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ {]-kn-U-≠v ]¿-th-kv ap-j-d-^n-s\, `o-I-c-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØ t\-cn-Sm≥ B-{i-bn-°m-hp-∂ cm-jv-{S-Ø-e-h-\m-bm-Wv Im-Wp-∂Xv. A-^v-Km-\n-ÿm-\n-se `o-I-c-cp-sS `-c-W-hpw tI-{µ-ß-fpw X-I¿-Ø-Xv apj-d-^n-s≥-d k-lm-b-tØm-sS-bm-Wv F-∂v _p-jpw sª-b-dpw k-Ω-Xn-°pw. A-Xp-t]m-se F-¥p-sIm-≠v ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-te-bpw P-Ωp-˛-Im-iv-ao-cn-te-bpw `oI-c-tI-{µ-߃ ap-j-d-^n-\p X-I¿-Øp-Iq-Sm? X-I¿-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p-I-sb¶n-epw sN-bv-Xp-Iq-Sm? ""`o-I-c-sc X-I¿-°q ap-j-d-^v.-.-.-. F-∂n-´v \-ap-°v kplr-Øp-°-fm-Imw.-.-.-.-'' em-tlm¿, B-{Km tkv-\-l-{]-I-S-\-߃ Hm¿-an-∏n-®psIm-≠v hm-Pv-t]-bn ap-j-d-^n-t\m-Sv \-S-Øp-∂ \-b-X-{¥-`m-j-W-ß-fp-sS A¿-Y-an-Xm-Wv.- -`o-I-c-sc X-I¿-°m≥ tem-Iw D-‰p-t\m-°p-∂-Xv a-s‰m-cp `o-I-c-s\-bm-sW-∂Xv tem-I-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s≥-d X-am-i \n-d-™ ssh-cp-≤y-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-tØ-bpw \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-tb-bpw a-\p-jy-Xz-tØ-bpw N-hn-´n-b-c-®v ssI-bq-°n-t≥-d-bpw B-bp-[-Øn-t≥-d-bpw `m-j cm-jv-{So-b e-£y-߃ t\Sm≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥. tem-I-sØ-ßp-ap-≈ `o-Ic-{]-h¿-Ø-\w Cu \n¿-h-N-\-Øn¬ s]-Spw. `o-I-c-\v \q-dp `o-I-c ap-J-ß-fp≠m-Ipw, ]-t£, A-h-s\m-cp Kp-W-ap-≠m-hmw. X-\n-°v F-s¥-¶n-epw t\-Sm\-√, A-h≥ a-c-W-sØ-t∏m-epw h-I-sh-°m-sX s]m-cp-Xp-∂-Xv. sX-t‰m i-cntbm B-h-s´, A-h-s\m-cp cm-jv-{So-b e-£y-ap-≠v. H-cm-fp-sS `o-I-c≥, a-s‰mcm-fp-sS kzm-X-{¥y-k-a-c-tk-\m-\n-bm-sW-∂v ]-d-bm-dp-≈-Xv sh-dp-sX-b-√. `K-Xv-kn-ßv \-Ωp-sS B-cm-[-\m-]m-{X-hpw Cw-•o-jp-Im-c-s≥-d `o-I-c-\p-am-bn-cp52
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ∂p. \-Ωp-sS B-Z¿-i-[o-c-cm-b kzm-X-{¥y-t∏m-cm-fn-Iƒ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn-\-I-Øv t_mw-s_-dn-bp-I-bpw {_n-´o-jv D-tZym-K-ÿ-sc sh-Sn-sh-®p-sIm-√p-I-bpw sNbv-Xn-´p-≠v. hm-jn-Mv-S-Wn-epw Im-iv-ao-cn-ep-sa-√mw \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-fm-b B-bn-cß-sf sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n-b \-cm-[-a-cp-am-bn C-h-sc Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-tb A√.- "Xo-s∏-´n-t°m-epw s\-Iv-te-kpw sIm-≠v R-߃ Cu cm-Py-sØ tam-Nn-∏n°pw'' F-∂v s\¬-k¨ a-tfi-e-bp-sS `m-cy hn-∂n "Km¿-Un-b≥' ]-{X-{]-Xn\n-[n-tbm-Sv ]-d-™-Xv sh-dpw ]-Xn-\-©p-h¿-jw ap≥-]m-Wv. "s\-Iv-te-kv' F∂-Xv hn-∂n-bp-sS I-gp-Øn-se B-`-c-W-sam-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. sh-≈-°m-c-s\, I-gp-Øn-en-´v Xo-sIm-fp-Øn-s°m-√p-∂ S-b-dp-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. s\-Iv-te-kv sIm-≠-s√-¶n¬ a-s‰-t¥m-sIm-≠v Z-£n-Wm-{^n-°-bpw I-dp-Ø-h-cpw kzm-X{¥yw t\-Sn-bn-´p-≠v. H-fn-ºn-Iv tÃ-Un-b-Øn-en-c-ºn-°-b-dn Im-bn-I-Xm-c-ßsf sIm-∂p-\n-c-Øn-b-Xv bm-k¿ A-cm-^-Øn-s≥-d A-\p-bm-bn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. C-∂p A-cm-^-Øn-s\ `o-I-c-cn¬-\n-∂p c-£n-°m≥ ]-e-kv-Xo≥-t]m-eo-kpIm¿ G-sd I-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. - -`o-I-c-cn¬ B-Z¿-i-im-en-I-fp-≠v, \q-dp-i-X-am-\w kzm¿-Y-∑m-cm-b \o-N-∑mcpw D-≠v. G-Xp `o-I-c-\pw C-Xn-te-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp Iq-´-Øn¬ s]-Spw. F∂m¬ _p-jn-t\-bpw sª-b-td-bpw "`o-I-c¿' F-∂p ap-{Z-Ip-Øp-∂-h-cp-≠v. P\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-Py-ß-fn-se, P-\-߃ Xn-c-s™-Sp-Ø `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-sf "`oI-c¿' F-∂p hn-fn-°p-∂ _p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fm-cpw ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ {]-kn-U-≠v ]¿th-kv ap-j-d-^n-s\ `o-I-c≥ F-∂p-hn-fn-°m-dn-√. A-h¿ ]¿-th-kv ap-j-d-^ns\ ]-´m-f `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn F-∂ A-¥- p-≈ t]-cm-Wv hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv. k-Xysa-¥m-Wv? G-Xv \n¿-h-N-\w D-]-tbm-Kn-®v hn-e-bn-cp-Øn-bm-epw, tem-I-Ønse G-Xv `o-I-c-t\-°mƒ H-cp-]-Sn ta-se \n¬-°p-∂ `o-I-c-\m-Wv ap-j-d-^v. G-Xv `o-I-c≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-epw A-[-a-am-b am¿-Kw D-]-tbm-Kn-®m-Wv apj-d-^v ]m-In-kv-Xm-s≥-d `-c-Ww ssI-b-S-°n-b-Xv.- -P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hpw \n-b-a-hpw a-cym-Z-bpw F-√mw N-hn-´n-b-c-®v cm-jv-{So-b-e£yw t\-Sm≥ I-øq-°pw B-bp-[-hpw D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv `o-I-c≥ F∂v Xp-S-°-Øn-te ]-d-™p-h-t√m. s]m-Xp-hm-b H-cp cm-jv-{So-b e-£y-Ønt\m B-Z¿-i-Øn-t\m B-i-b-Øn-t\m th-≠n-b-√, kzm¿-Y-e-£y-Øn-\p-th≠n am-{Xw B-bp-[-i-‡n D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bpw X-s∂ cm-jv-{Sw G-ev-]n-® Npa-X-e-I-sf h-©n-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xv cm-Py-`-c-Ww X-´n-∏-dn-® B-fm-Wv ]¿-thkv ap-j-d-^v. ap-j-d-^v B-sc-bpw sIm-∂n-√-t√m F-∂v kw-i-bw D-b-cmw. sIm-√m≥ A-h-k-cw In-´m-™n-´m-Wv. \-hm-kv sj-do-^v F-∂ X-ß-fp-sS {][m-\-a-{¥n-bp-sS c-£-bv-°m-bn cw-K-Øn-d-ßp-hm≥ P-\-߃-°v A-h-k-cw In´n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ ap-j-d-^v Iq-´-s°m-e \-S-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Nn-en-bn¬ A53
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ e≥-sU-sb F-∂-t]m-se sj-do-^n-s\-Ø-s∂ sIm-√p-am-bn-cp-∂p.- -ap-j-d-^v ]-´m-f `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ, B ÿm-\w ]n-Sn-s®-Sp°m≥ D-]-ta-[m-hn {i-an-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ F-¥m-bn-cp-∂p kw-`-hn-°p-I? D-]ta-[m-hn-sb tIm¿-´v-am¿-jy¬ sN-bv-Xv Xq-°n-s°m-√pw. ap-j-d-^pw A-Xm-Wv A¿-ln-°p-∂-Xv. ap-j-d-^n-s\ \-Ωƒ B-{K-bn-te-°v £-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂p. "km¿-°v' kw-L-Øn-se A-b¬-cm-jv-{S t\-Xm-°ƒ _-lp-am-\y kp-lrØv F-∂-t]m-se ap-j-d-^n-s≥-d ssI-]n-Sn-®v Ip-ep-°p-∂p; sI-´n-∏n-Sn-°p-∂p. _p-jpw sª-b-dpw Zn-h-tk-\-sb-t∂m-Ww ap-j-d-^n-s\ t^m-Wn¬ hn-fn-®v tkv-\-l-{]-I-S-\w \-S-Øp-∂p. t]m-eo-kv ta-[m-hn-I-fpw sIm-≈-Ø-e-h-\pw Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂v {I-a-k-am-[m-\w N¿-® sN-øp-∂-Xp-t]m-se ]-cn-lm-ky-am-bn-cp∂p, G-gv cm-jv-{S-t\-Xm-°-fn¬ H-cm-fm-bn ap-j-d-^v C-cp-∂v "km¿-°v' D-®-tImSn-bn¬ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ N¿-®-sN-bv-X-Xv.- -ap-j-d-^v A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°m≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-® h-gn ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se G-sXm-cp ]u-c-\pw X-s≥-d cm-jv-{So-b-e-£yw t\-Sm≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂tX D-≈p. A-h-\v ap-j-d-^v-X-s∂-bm-Wv am-Xr-I. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se bp-hm-°tfm-Sv k-am-[m-\-]-c-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°-W-sa-t∂m, \n-b-a-߃ A-\p-k-cn-°W-sa-t∂m P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv i-cn-bm-b h-gn-sb-t∂m D-]-tZ-in-°m≥ ap-j-d^n-\v I-gn-bp-I-tb C-√. A-{I-a-Øn-\pw `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\pw A-h-\p-≈ \ym-bo-I-c-Ww ap-j-d-^n-s≥-d h-gn-X-s∂-bm-Wv. ap-j-d-^v `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-Isc X-I¿-°p-I-b-√, h-f¿-Øp-I-bm-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. A-tX ap-j-d-^n-\v I-gnbq.- -ap-j-d-^p-am¿-°v _-lp-am-\y-X-bpw Aw-Ko-Im-c-hpw \¬-Im≥ a-‰p cm-jv-{S߃ X-øm-dm-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\pw _-lpam-\y-X-bpw Aw-Ko-Im-c-hpw e-`n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu bm-Ym¿-Yyw tem-I-t\-Xm-°ƒ hn-kv-a-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]-´m-f `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-tf-bpw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-ß-tf-bpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿ `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-sØ-bm-Wv t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]-´m-f-hn-π-hw kzm¿-Y-em-`m-[n-jvTn-X-am-b `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-am-Wv. A-[n-Imcw \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤-am-bn ]n-Sn-® `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-sf tem-I-cm-jv-{S-߃ X-ß-fpsS Iq-´m-bv-a-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw \-b-X-{¥-˛-hm-Wn-Py _-‘-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-sa-√mw A-dp-Øp-am-‰-Ww. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\p-≈ b-Ym¿-Y adp-a-cp-∂v. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d ]-gp-Xp-I-fn-eq-sS-bpw ]m-fn-®-I-fn-eq-sS-bpw `oI-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\w D-S-se-Sp-°mw. Iq-Sp-X¬ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv A-Xn-\p-≈ {]Xn-hn-[n. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-se G-Xv tcm-K-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw-sIm≠v ]-cn-l-cn-°mw F-∂v ap≥-s]m-cp Nn-¥-I≥ ]-d-™n-´p-ap-≠v.- -A-c \q-‰m-≠p-Im-ew Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn P-\m-[n-]-Xyw A-\p-`-hn-°m≥ I-gn-™ 54
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ tem-I-Øn-se G-I ap-…nw P-\-X C-¥y-bn-em-Wv F-∂v \yq-tbm¿-°v ssSwkv tIm-f-an-Ãv tXm-a-kv F¬. {^o-Uv-am≥ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-I-bp-≠m-bn. C-¥y≥ ap-…nw-Iƒ A-Xn-s≥-d Kp-W-^-ew A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. A-h¿-°v {]-iv-\ß-fn-s√-∂-√, \q-dv {]-iv-\-ß-fp-≠v. F-¶n-epw `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\w {]-iv-\-]-cnlm-c-Øn-\p-≈ am¿-K-am-bn A-h¿-°v tXm-∂p-I-tb C-√. tem-I-Øn-se C…m-an-I `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I-sc-√mw ap-…nw-Iƒ-°v `q-cn-]-£-ap-≈ C-…m-an-I GIm-[n-]-Xy cm-Py-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈-h-cm-sW-∂-Xv bm-Zr-—n-I-a-s√-∂pw A-t±lw Nq-≠n-°m-´p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""C-¥y-bn¬ c-≠v cm-jv-{S-]-Xn-am¿ ap-…nw-I-fmbn-cp-∂p. C-¥y≥ kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ ap-…nw {kv-Xo P-Uv-Pn-bm-bn-´p-≠v. C¥y≥ an-ssk¬ ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS in-ev-]n ap-…n-am-Wv. C-¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw kº-∂-\m-b I-ºyq-´¿ cm-Pm-hv-˛-A-knw t{]w-Pn-˛-ap-…n-am-Wv. F-¥n-t\-sd, C¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b ]-≈n-bn-se jm-ln C-am-an-s\ J-fi-lm-dn-se Xm-en-_m≥ tI-{µ-Øn¬ sIm-≠p-t]m-bn F-dn-™p-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa-∂v ]-dbm≥ C-¥y-bn¬ H-cp ap-…nw {kv-Xo-°v I-gn-™p. a-s‰m-cp cm-Py-Øpw k-¶ev-]n-°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø Im-cy-ß-fm-Wn-h.-'' - -P-\m-[n-]-Xyw X-s∂-bm-Wv h-gn. ap-j-d-^n-s\ t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂ sªb¿-˛-_p-jp-am-cpw `m-j ]-d-bp-∂-h-cpw H-tc sX-‰m-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. A-h¿ `oI-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\v \ym-bo-I-c-W-߃ kr-jv-Sn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p."
2002 P-\-h-cn- 20 ˛- 26
16 ]-c-kv-]-cw Xp-W-bv-°p-∂ i-{Xp-°ƒ "hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS D-t±-iyw hy-‡-am-Wv. ln-µp-cm-{„-Øn-s≥-d cq-]-h¬-°-cW-sØ F-Xn¿-°p-∂ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-am-tc-bpw {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-am-tc-bpw \o-°phm≥ X-s∂-bm-Wv hn.-F-®v.-]n. D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.-'' - -C-Xv hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS Kq-tVm-t±-iy-sØ-°p-dn-®v B-sc-¶n-epw D-b¿-Øn-b H-cp B-tcm-]-W-a-√. kw-L-S-\-bp-sS B-tKm-f t\-Xm-hv {]-ho¨ sXm-Km-Unb-bp-sS A-`n-am-\-tØm-sS-bp-≈ {]-Jym-]-\-am-Wv. tKm-[v-d-bn¬ Xn-c-s™-Sp∏v I-Ωo-j-s≥-d hn-e-°v ew-Ln-°m-\p-≈ {i-a-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ A-d-Ãn-em-b sXm-Km-Un-b Pm-ay-Øn-en-d-ßn-b D-S-s\ kw-km-cn-®-Xv ln-µp-cm-{„-sØ Ipdn-®m-Wv. - -tI-{µ-Øn-se hm-Pv-t]-bn `-c-W-sØ cq-£-am-bn hn-a¿-in-°p-tºmƒ-Ø-s∂ Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ \-tc-{µ-tam-Un-sb ho-≠pw A-[n-Im-c-Øn-te-‰m≥ ]m-™p \-S°p-∂p-≠v hn.-F-®v.-]n. Un-kw-_¿ 12\v X-s≥-d P-∑-Zn-\-am-b-Xn-\m¬ P-∑-Zn\ k-Ωm-\-am-bn _n.-sP.-]n.-°v thm-´p-sN-ø-W-sa-∂p P-\-ß-tfm-Sv A-`y¿-∞n°p-∂ hn.-F-®v.-]n. t\-Xm-hv sXm-Km-Un-b X-s∂-bm-Wv hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-tS-Xv ln-µp-Xz hn-cp-≤ `-c-W-am-sW-∂v B-h¿-Øn-®p ]-d-bm-dp-≈-Xv. hm-Pv-t]-bnbpw \-tc-{µ tam-Un-bpw X-Ωn¬ ]-e hy-Xym-k-ß-fp-≠m-Imw. F-∂m¬ c≠p `-c-W-ß-fpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ Im-X-em-b hy-Xym-kw Im-Wm-Xn-cp-∂p-Iq-Sm. C¥y-bn¬ _n.-sP.-]n. X-\n-®p-`-c-Ww \-S-Øp-∂ G-I kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv Kp-P-dmØv. c-≠p-U-k≥ ]m¿-´n-I-fm-Wv tI-{µw `-cn-°p-∂ F≥.-Un.-F.-bn-ep-≈-Xv. `m-hn-bn-se _n.-sP.-]n. `-c-W-Øn-\v C-¥y-bn-en-∂v H-cp am-Xr-I-tb D-≈q. AXp Kp-P-dm-Øm-Wv.56
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -tKm-[v-d-bn¬ \n-∂p am¿-®v \-S-Øm-\p-≈ hn.-F-®v.-]n. Xo-cp-am-\w am-‰-W-sa∂v {]-[m-\-a-{¥n B-h-iy-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. hn.-F-®v.-]n. A-Xp X-≈n. am¿-®v X-Sbm≥ Kp-P-dm-Øv k¿-°m¿ h≥-k-∂m-l-ß-tf¿-s∏-Sp-Øn. G-‰p-ap-´-epw c-‡s®m-cn-®-epw D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂v ]-e-cpw `-b-∂p. H-∂pw D-≠m-bn-√. am¿-®v X-S-bpI-bpw A-d-Ãv sN-øp-I-bpw hn-´-b-bv-°p-I-bpw am-{X-am-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. {]-[m-\-a{¥n-bp-sS A-`y¿-∞-\ X-≈n-b hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bpw _n.-sP.-]n. t\-Xr-Xz-hpw XΩn-ep-≈ G-‰p-ap-´¬ tI-{µ-Øn¬ {]-Xn-k-‘n-bp-≠m-°p-tam? ]-e-cpw `-b∂p. C-√. Cu G-‰p-ap-´-ep-I-sf-°p-dn-®v \n-co-£-I¿-°v C-t∏mƒ km-am-\y-ambn [m-c-W-I-fp-≠v. C-h-sb-√mw "hym-P-G-‰p-ap-´-ep-I-fm'Wv. C-h¿ X-Ωn¬ G‰p-ap-´-sem-∂p-an-√. G-‰p-ap-´p-I-bm-sW-∂p A-`n-\-bn-°p-I am-{X-am-W-h¿.- -Im-iv-ao-cn-epw B-{‘-{]-tZ-in-epw A-k-an-epw a-Wn-∏q-cn-ep-sa-√mw ]-®-bm-b sIm-e-]m-X-I-߃-°v a-d-]n-Sn-°m-\m-bn "G-‰p-ap-´¬' A-`n-\-bn-°p-∂p F-∂p Ip-sd-Im-e-am-bn B-tcm-]-W-ap-b-cm-dp-≠v. U¬-ln-bn-se Xn-c-t°-dn-b tjm∏n-Mv tImw-π-Iv-kn¬ \-S-∂ "G-‰p-ap-´-en's\ Ip-dn-®pw C-tX B-t£-]-am-Wv Cu-bn-sS D-b¿-∂-Xv. B-tc-bpw I-Ã-Un-bn-se-Sp-Øv B-sfm-gn-™ ÿ-e-ØpsIm-≠p-t]m-bn sh-Sn-sh-®p-sIm-√m≥ kp-c-£m G-P≥-kn-Iƒ-°v I-gn-bpw. hn-P-\-am-b sX-cp-hp-I-fpw a-e-tbm-c-ß-fpw A-Xn¿-Øn-{Km-a-ß-fp-am-Wv C-Xn\v Xn-c-s™-Sp-°m-dp-≈-Xv. F-¥n-\v Xn-c-t°-dn-b "A-^v-k¬ πm-k'? F-¥n\v Zo-]m-h-en-Ø-te-∂v? F-√m G-‰p-ap-´-ep-I-fpw "\n- m-c' sIm-e-]m-X-I-ß-fmbn-s°m-≈-W-sa-∂n-√. hn-]p-e-am-b e-£y-ß-fp-≈ cm-{„o-b ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ CØ-cw"hym-P G-‰p-ap-´-ep'Iƒ-°v ]n-∂n-ep-≠m-hm-\n-S-bp-≠v. A≥-k¬ πm-kbn-se "hym-P' G-‰p-ap-´-en-epw A-Xp-≠m-hmw. D-d-∏n-√. F-∂m¬ hn.-F-®v.-]n.bpw \-tc-{µ-tam-Un-bpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ "hym-P-G-‰p-ap-´-en'¬ A-Xp-≠v. Xo¿-®. hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bpw A-Zzm-\n-bpw X-Ωn-epw hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bpw hm-Pv-t]-bn-bpw X-Ωnepw D-≈ "hym-P-G-‰p-ap-´-en'epw A-Xp-≠v. C-hn-sS G-‰p-ap-´-en-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. G-‰p-ap-´p-∂p F-∂v A-h¿ A-`n-\-bn-°p-I am-{X-am-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS {]m-Ir-X cm-{„o-b-sØ sN-dp-°p-∂p-≠v F-∂v k-Jy-I-£nI-sf-sb-¶n-epw tXm-∂n-∏n-°m-\p-≈ _m-[y-X hm-Pv-t]-bn-˛-A-Zzm-\n-am¿-°p≠v. hm-Pv-t]-bn-˛-A-Zzm-\n-am-cp-sS ln-µp-Xz-hn-cp-≤-˛-hym-P-a-tX-X-c \-b-ß-sf sN-dp-°p-∂p F-∂p iq-e-[m-cn-I-fm-b A-Wn-I-sf t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠ Bh-iyw hn.-F-®v.-]n. t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-\p-ap-≠v. \o-≠ Im-e-tØ-°p-≈ H-cp cm-{„o-b A-P-≠-bp-sS `m-K-am-Wv Cu hym-P G-‰p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ.- -ln-µp-cm-{„-am-Wv e-£y-sa-∂v hn.-F-®v.-]n. H-cp a-d-bpw C-√m-sX ]-d-bptºmƒ, C-¥y H-cn-°-epw ln-µp-cm-{„-am-hn-√ F-∂p D-]-{]-[m-\-a-{¥n F¬.sI.-A-Zzm-\n D-d-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂-Xv c-≠pw X-Ωn-ep-≈ b-Ym¿-Y-am-b G-‰p-ap-´-ens≥-d kq-N-\-b-t√? \ym-b-am-bn D-b-cm-hp-∂ kw-i-b-am-Wn-Xv. \n-b-a-hm-gv-N57
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ tb-bpw ]u-cm-h-Im-i-tØ-bpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ-bpw a-tX-X-c-Xz-sØ-bpw kw-_-‘n-®v \n-e-hn-ep-≈ H-cp-]m-Sv "sX-‰n-≤m-c-W'I-fn¬ \n-∂v s]m-Xp-P-\ß-sf tam-Nn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc C-Ø-cw hn-cp-≤ \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ kzo-I-cn°m≥ kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ L-S-I-߃ \n¿-_-‘n-X-cm-hpw.- -A-k¬-πm-k-bn¬ Zo-]m-h-en-Ø-te-∂v c-≠v `o-I-c-∑m-sc sh-Sn-sh-®p-sIm∂-Xv b-Ym¿-Y G-‰p-ap-´-em-bn-cp-∂n-√ F-∂v hm-Z-ap-b-cp-I-bpw kw-`-h-sØ-°pdn-®v A-t\z-jn-°m≥ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i I-Ωo-j≥ cw-K-Øp h-cn-I-bpw sN-bv-Xt∏mƒ A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc hn.-F-®v.-]n. \-S-Øn-b hn-a¿-i-\w {i-t≤-b-am-Wv. ""`oI-c-∑m¿-°v A-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-hp-∂ H-∂-√ a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw'' F-∂v hn.F-®v.-]n. hm-Zn-®p. `o-I-c-\m-Wv F-∂v kw-i-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ t]m-eo-kn-\v H-cmsf ]-®-bv-°v sh-Sn-sh-®p-sIm-√m-sa-∂pw G-‰p-ap-´¬ D-≠m-b-Xm-bn tc-J-s∏Sp-Øn-bm¬ a-Xn-sb-∂pw X-ß-fm-cpw A-Xn-s\ tNm-Zyw-sN-øn-s√-∂pw B-Wv Cu hm-Z-Øn-\¿-Yw. B-sc-¶n-epw tNm-Zyw-sN-bv-Xm¬ A-h-cp-sS cm-Py-tkv-\l-tØ-bpw k-Xy-k-‘-X-tb-bpw _p-≤n-ÿn-c-X-tb-bpw D-t±-iy-ip-≤n-tbbpw F-√mw X-߃ tNm-Zyw-sN-øpw F-∂pw C-Xn-\v A¿-Y-ap-≠v. hn.-F-®v.-]n.bp-sS Cu Im-gv-N-∏m-Sn-t\m-Sv tI-{µ B-`y-¥-c a-{¥n F¬.-sI.-A-Zzm-\n-t°m {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn-t°m F-Xn-c-`n-{]m-b-an-√. ""`o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-sØ t\-cn-Sp-tºmƒ Nn-e I-Sp-Ø Xo-cp-am-\-߃ F-Sp-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Nn-e-t∏mƒ \-Ωp-sS kzm-X-{¥y-ß-fpw A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw X-ev-°m-e-tØ-°v am-‰n-sh-°m\pw X-øm-dm-I-Ww''˛-C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-Im-e X-tØzm-]tZ-i-ß-sf C-tXm¿-an-∏n-°p-∂p-t≠m? {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS Cu hm°p-I-fn¬ hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS "`o-I-c-∑m¿-°p-≈-X-√ a-\p-jym-h-Im-iw' F-∂ X-Øz-Øn-s≥-d {]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-e-am-Wv F-Sp-Øp-Im-´p-∂-Xv. Im-cy-tØm-S-Sp°p-tºmƒ sXm-Km-Un-b-bpw hm-Pv-t]-bn-bpw X-Ωn¬ Im-cy-am-b G-‰p-ap-´-sem∂pw D-≠m-hp-I-bn-√ F-∂v C-Xp hy-‡-am-°p-∂p. - -tKm-[v-d am¿-®v D-t]-£n-°-W-sa-∂ X-s≥-d B-h-iyw hn.-F-®v.-]n. \n-c-kn®-t∏mƒ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn {i-t≤-b-am-b a-s‰m-cp \n-co-£-Ww \-SØn-b-Xm-bn hm¿-Øm-am-[y-a-߃ dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p. "Rm≥ F-s≥-d tPm-en sN-øp-∂p, A-h¿ A-h-cp-tS-Xpw.-' - -X-Øz-Nn-¥m-]-c-am-b Cu \n-co-£-W-Øn-s≥-d-bpw cm-{„o-b A¿-∞w, hn.F-®v.-]n.-bpw _n.-sP.-]n.-bpw X-Ωn¬ D-≈-Xm-bn {]-Xy-£-Øn¬ tXm-∂p-∂ `n-∂-X b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ D-≈-X-√ F-∂p X-s∂-bm-Wv. tI-{µ-Øn¬ a-‰p ]m¿´n-I-fp-sS ]n≥-_-e-tØm-sS `-c-Ww \-S-Øp-∂ hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS ]-cn-an-XnIƒ a-\- n-em-°m≥-I-gn-bm-Ø-hn-[w "I-Æn¬ tNm-c-bn-√m-Ø-h-c'√ hn.-F®v.-]n. t\-Xm-°-∑m¿. hm-Pv-t]-bn-s°m-∏w D-≈-Xv c-≠p U-k≥ hym-P a-tXX-c ]m¿-´n-I-fm-sW-∂p Iq-Sn Hm¿-°-Ww. tPm¿-Pv s^¿-Wm-≠-kv ap-X¬ e£-Zzo-]n-se ap-l-Ω-Zv-tIm-b-sb h-sc D-≈-h-sc _n.-sP.-]n-bn-epw F≥.-Un.58
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ F-bn-epw Xp-S¿-∂pw \n-e-\n¿-Øn-bn-s√-¶n¬ cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d `-c-Ww "]-´n-Iƒ I-Sn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ipw'. A-h "kz-tZ-in' t]m-ep-a-√.- -hm-Pv-t]-bn-°pw A-Zzm-\n-°pw H-∏w \n¬-°p-∂ hym-P-a-tX-X-c-∑m¿ H-t∂m c-t≠m Kp-P-dm-Øp-Iƒ sIm-s≠m-∂pw a-\w-a-Sp-Øp ]n-∑m-dp-∂ tem-e-lr-Z-b∑m-c-√. a-\p-jy-i-co-c-Øn-\v sN-dn-b sN-dn-b am-{X-I-fn¬ A-\y-]-Zm¿-∞-ßsf s]m-dp-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-hp-≠-t√m. Ip-td-s»-bm-bn A-Xn-s≥-d A-f-hv h¿-≤n∏n-°mw. {I-ta-W h-en-b tUm-kpw i-co-cw kzo-I-cn-°pw. a-\- n-\pw C-tX Kp-W-ap-≠v. sam-dm¿-Pn tZ-im-bn-bp-sS P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n `-c-W-Im-e-Øv B¿.-Fkv.-F- n-epw P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-bn-epw H-tc k-a-bw B-fp-Iƒ Aw-K-am-hp-∂-Xn-\v F-Xn-sc s]m-cp-Xn a-{¥n-k-`-sb-X-s∂ Xm-sg-bn-d-°n-b B-Z¿-i-im-en-bm-b tPm¿-Pv s^¿-Wm-≠- n-\v C-∂v {]-[m-\-a-{¥n X-s∂ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn¬ Aw-K-am-bm-epw hn-tcm-[-an-√ F-∂ tXm-Xn-te-°v a-\x-]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-ap-≠m-b-Xv a-\- n-s≥-d Cu h-g-°w hy-‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.- -P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hpw a-tX-X-c-Xz-hpw Ip-sd en-_-d¬ aq-ey-ß-fpw X-Øz-ß-fpw tem-I-Øv th-cp-d-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. C-¥y≥ `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS-bpw `-c-W-hy-h-ÿbp-sS-bpw A-Sn-ÿm-\ in-e-I-fpw C-h-X-s∂-bm-Wv. C-h H-s∂m-∂m-bn X-I¿Ø ti-j-ta ln-µp-Xm-en-_m-\n-k-Øn-\v C-hn-sS sIm-Sn D-b¿-Øm-\m-hq. Ah X-I¿-°p-∂ ]-Wn hn.-F-®v.-]n.-sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. hm-Pv-t]-bn-˛ A-Zzm\n-am¿ Zp¿-_-e-am-b X-S- -hm-Z-߃ C-S-sbv-°-√mw D-b¿-Øn-sb-∂n-cn-°pw. Im-cy-am-t°-≠-Xn-√. ""A-h¿ A-h-cp-sS ]-Wn-sN-øp-∂p.-.-.-.-.-.-.-Rm≥.-.-.-.-.-'' _m-_vcn a-kv-Pn-Zv X-I-cp-tºmƒ t\m-°n \n-∂-Xp-t]m-se A-h¿ t\m-°n-\n¬-°pw. Hm-tcm a-Ip-S-߃ ho-gp-tºm-gpw A-h¿ D-≈n¬ Nn-cn-°p-I-bpw I-c-bp-I-bmbn-cp-∂p F-∂v ]p-d-Øp-]-d-bp-I-bpw sN-øpw. A-h¿ X-Ωn¬-G-‰p-ap-´-sem-∂pan-√ F-∂p am-{Xw A-dn-bp-I." 2003 U-n-kw-_¿-- 1 ˛ 7
17 Nn-e hym-P-G-‰p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ P-Ωp-hn-se {]-i-kv-X-am-b c-Lp-\m-Y t£-{X-Øn¬ `o-I-c-∑m¿ Nm-th¿ B{I-a-Ww \-S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ ln-µp-Xz cm-jv-{So-b-°m¿ {]-Xn-I-cn-®-Xv P-Ωp-˛-Im-ivao¿ ap-Jy-a-{¥n ap-^v-Xv ap-l-Ω-Zv k-bo-Zn-s\-Xn-sc I-S-∂m-{I-a-Ww \-S-Øns°m-≠m-Wv. ap-^v-Xn-bp-sS "ar-Zp-e \-bw' Im-c-W-am-Wv c-≠p Nm-th-dp-Iƒ t£-{X-Øn¬ I-b-dn-b-sX-∂pw sh-Sn-bp-Xn¿-Øv ]-Øp-t]-sc sIm-∂-sX-∂pw Ip-‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv hn.-F-®v.-]n-˛-_n.-sP.-]n hn-`m-Kw am-{X-a-√, C-{X-bpw Im-ew Im-iv-ao¿ `-cn-® A-–p-√-am-cp-am-Wv.- -Cu {]-Xn-I-c-Ww tI-´m-se-¥m-Wv tXm-∂p-I? ap-^v-Xv ap-l-Ω-Zv k-bo-Zv A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-∂n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, C-ß-s\-sbm-cp kw-`-h-ta P-Ωp-˛-Imiv-ao-cn¬ D-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ F-∂-t√? ^m-dq-Jv A-–p-√ X-s∂-bm-Wv apJy-a-{¥n-°-tk-c-bn-se-¶n¬ `o-I-c¿ t£-{X-am-{I-an-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ F-∂v \Ω-sf-√mw hn-iz-kn-°-Ww F-∂¿-Yw.- -\-sΩ C-ß-s\ hn-iz-kn-∏n-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂-h¿ t]m-epw C-Xp hn-iz-kn°p-I-bn-√. c-Lp-\m-Y-t£-{X-Øn¬ C-Xm-Zy-am-b-√ Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ B-{I-aWw \-S-Øp-∂-Xv. I-gn-™ am¿-®n¬ C-Xn-t\-°mƒ cq-£-am-b B-{I-a-Ww Cu t£-{X-Øn¬ X-s∂ \-S-∂n-cp-∂p. A-∂v kw-ÿm-\w `-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv ^mdq-Jv A-–p-√-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hn-jv-Wp-t£-{X-Øn-te-°v t]m-Ip-∂ ln-µp Xo¿Ym-S-I-sc H-∂pw c-≠pw X-h-W-b-√, ]-e-h-´w `o-I-c¿ B-{In-®v Iq-´-s°m-eIƒ \-S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. F-¥n-t\-sd ]-d-bp-∂p, A-£¿-[mw t£-{X-am-{I-an-®v cm-jv-{S-sØ \-Sp-°n-b-Xv Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-Wv. hym-P-a-tX-X-c-∑m-tcm "kw-i-bmkv-]-Z' kz-`m-h-ap-≈ \yq-\-]-£ a-X-Øn¬ s]-´-h-tcm A-√ Kp-P-dm-Øv `-cn60
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °p-∂-Xv. \-tc-{µ-tam-Un-bm-Wv A-hn-sS `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn. \-Ωp-sS kz-¥w tamUn! - -Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X-bv-°v k-am-izm-kw \¬-I-W-sa-∂v B-h¿-Øn-®p-]-d-bp-Ibpw A-Xn-\p th-≠n Nn-e \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp F-∂-XmWv ap-^v-Xn ap-l-Ω-Zn-s≥-d Ip-‰w. t]m-´ \n-b-aw D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂p ]d-bp-I-bpw c-≠p U-k-t\m-fw cm-jv-{So-b X-S-hp-Im-sc hn-´-b-°p-I-bpw G-‰hpw Zp-jv-t]-cp-≠m-°n-b skv-]-j¬ Hm-∏-td-j≥-kv {Kq-∏v F-∂ t]m-eo-kv hn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d {]-h¿-Ø-\w \n¿-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-X-Xv P-Ωp-˛-Im-iv-ao¿ P-\X-bn¬ B-fl-hn-izm-kw kr-jv-Sn-°m-\pw kw-ÿm-\-Øv k-am-[m-\w D-≠m°m-\p-am-Wv. ap-^v-Xn X-s≥-d ]-co-£-W-Øn¬ hn-P-bn-®m¬ F-¥m-Wv kw-`hn-°p-I? Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X hn-L-S-\-`o-I-c hm-Z-tØm-Sv hn-S-]-d-bp-I-bpw ]m-Iv A-\p-Iq-en-Iƒ P-\-߃-°n-S-bn¬ H-‰-s∏-Sp-I-bpw k-am-[m-\w ]p-\x-ÿm-]n°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sN-tbv-X-°mw. H-cp-Im-e-Øpw, H-cp Im-c-W-h-im-epw C-Xv kw`-hn-°-cp-sX-∂v B-{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fpw A-Xns≥-d a¿-Z-t\m-]-I-c-W-ß-fm-b k w-L-S-\-I-fp-am-Wv.- -]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se ap-…ow Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fpw C-¥y-bn-se ln-µp-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Ifpw Nn-e-t∏m-sg-√mw sN-øp-∂-Xv H-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. A-Xn¬ H-´pw B-›-cyw tXm-t∂-≠ Im-cy-an-√. Xo¿-Øpw hn-cp-≤-ß-fm-b e-£y-ß-fp-≈-h¿ Nn-et∏mƒ H-tc co-Xn-bn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°pw. A-Xv N-cn-{X-Øn¬ B-h¿-Øn-°-s∏Sm-dp-≈ {]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. ln-µp-Xz-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ A-h-cp-sS h-f¿-®-bv-°v ap…ow Xo-{h-hm-Z-sØ-bm-Wv D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I; ap-…ow Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ a-dn®pw. A-h¿ ]-c-kv-]-cw k-lm-bn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.- -Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X k-am-izm-kw A¿-ln-°p-∂p-≠v. Im-iv-ao-cn-s≥-d `q-an am-{Xw C-¥y-°p In-´-W-sa-∂pw Im-iv-ao-cn-Iƒ ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-te-°v t]m-I-s´ F∂pw B-{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ Cu h-kv-Xp-X Aw-Ko-I-cn-°n-√. C-¥y-°v kzm-X{¥yw In-´n-b \mƒ-ap-X¬ cm-{„o-b-{]-Xn-k-‘n-I-fn-eq-sS I-S-∂p-t]m-∂ Cu kw-ÿm-\-Øv ]-Øp h¿-j-am-bn tNm-c-∏p-g H-gp-Ip-I-bm-Wv. F-{X-bm-bn-cw bp-h-Xz-߃ B X-Wp-Ø a-Æn-epw a-™n-epw Po¿-Wn-°p-∂p. tXm-°v Bcp-tS-Xp-am-I-s´, sh-Sn-tb-‰p a-cn-°p-∂-Xv Im-iv-ao-cn-I-fm-Wv. `o-I-c-∑m¿ sIm∂p-Xo¿-°p-∂-Xv G-sd-bpw ln-µp-°-sf-bpw kn-Jp-Im-sc-bpw B-sW-∂p tXm∂pw hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS {]-Nm-c-Ww tI-´m¬. Im-iv-ao¿ `o-I-c-∑m¿ F-∂m-Wv hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¶n-epw A-h-tc-sd-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm≥-Im-cm-Wv. A-h¿ sIm∂n-´p-≈-Xv G-sd-bpw Im-iv-ao¿ ap-…nw bp-hm-°-sf-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Im-iv-ao-cn¬ sIm-√m-t\-sd-sbm-∂pw ln-µp-°ƒ _m-°n-bn-√. P-Ωp-hn-te-bpw U¬-ln-bnte-bpw A-`-bm¿-Yn-Iym-ºp-I-fn-em-Wv A-h-sc-√mw D-≈-Xv.61
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -]-Øp h¿-j-°m-e-sØ Xo-{h-Zpx-J-߃-°v A-dp-Xn B-{K-ln-°p-∂ P-\w ^m-dq-Jv A-–p-√-tb-bpw ]p-{X-t\-bpw Xm-sg-bn-d-°n. ap-^v-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂v Ah¿ B-{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv ^m-dq-Jv \-b-ß-fp-sS Xp-S¿-®-b-√; ar-Zp-e k-ao-]-\w Xs∂-bm-Wv P-\-߃ B-{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. ]p-Xn-b H-cp k¿-°m-dn-\v A-Ø-c-samcp ]-co-£-W-Øn-te¿-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]-‰n-√.- -ar-Zp-e-k-ao-]-\w `o-I-c-∑m¿-°-t√ Kp-Ww sN-øp-I? C-sXm-cp \ym-b-am-b tNm-Zy-am-Wv. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se `o-I-c-∑m¿-°m-Wv Cu \-bw-sIm-≠v Kp-Ww In-´p-I-sb-¶n¬ A-h¿ H-cn-°-epw Cu k-ao-]-\-Øn-\v A-dp-Xn-h-cp-Ø-W-sa∂v B-{K-ln-°p-I-bn-√. "ar-Zp-e-X'bp-sS Im-ew ap-X-se-Sp-Øv P-\-߃-°n-Sbn¬ {]-h¿-Ø-\w i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw P-\-ß-sf H-∂-S-¶w C-¥y-s°-Xnsc Xn-cn-°m≥ ]-cn-{i-an-°p-I-bp-am-Wv A-h¿ sN-tø-≠-Xv. ]-s£ A-h¿ AX-√ sN-øp-∂-Xv. ssk-\n-tI-X-c-am-b tI-{µ-߃ Xn-c-™p-]n-Sn-®v B-{I-aWw \-S-Øp-I-bm-Wv A-h¿. ln-µp-t£-{X-߃ B-{I-an-°p-I-bm-Wv. ar-Zp-eX A-h-km-\n-∏n-®v "^m-dq-Jv' B-hm≥ A-h¿ ap-^v-Xn-sb {]-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibm-Wv.- -ln-µp-t£-{Xw B-{I-an-®m¬ A-Xn-t\m-Sv G-Xp-hn-[-Øn-em-Wv C-¥y-bn¬ {]-Xn-I-c-W-ap-≠m-hp-I F-∂v ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se sF.-F-kv.-sF. _p-≤n-tI-{µßƒ-°v Du-ln-°m-\m-hpw. X-ß-fp-sS a-s‰m-cp ]-Xn-∏m-W-t√m C-¥y-bn-ep-≈Xv. F-√m-hn-[ bp-‡n-I-fpw km-am-\y-_p-≤n-bpw sh-Sn-™v C-¥y-bn¬ ap-…nw B-cm-[-\m-e-b-߃-°pw ap-…nw B-hm-k-tI-{µ-߃-°pw F-Xn-sc Xn-cn-®-SnIƒ D-≠m-Ipw. C-¥y-bn¬ B-`y-¥-c bp-≤w X-s∂ D-≠m-I-W-sa-∂m-Wv Ah-cp-sS B-{K-lw.- -sF.-F-kv.-sF.-bn¬ D-≈ _p-≤n-tI-{µ-ß-fm-tWm C-¥y-bn-ep-≈ Po-lm-Zn_p-≤n-tI-{µ-ß-fm-tWm B-kq-{X-Ww sN-bv-X-Xv F-∂p-d-∏n-°m-\m-hn-√ Ft∂ D-≈q. Kp-P-dm-Øn-se tKm-[v-d kw-`-hw Zq-c-hym-]-I cm-{„o-b-e-£y-ßtfm-sS-bp-≈ H-cp Kq-Vm-tem-N-\-bp-sS ^-ew X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. I¿-tk-hI¿ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw hn-fn-®-Xp-sIm-t≠m Nm-b-hn-ev-]-\-°m¿-°v Im-iv \-ev-ImØ-Xp-sIm-t≠m ap-…nw s]¨-Ip-´n-bp-sS ssI ]n-Sn-®-Xp-sIm-t≠m {]-tIm]n-X-cm-b-h-cm-Wv I-ºm¿-´v-sa≥-dn-\v Xo-bn-´v 56 t]-sc Np-s´-cn-®-sX-∂v \ym-boI-cn-°p-∂-h¿ C-¥y-s°-Xn-cm-b ]m-Iv Kq-Vm-tem-N-\-I-fp-sS Ku-c-hw ImWm-Ø-h-cm-Wv. Xo-h-≠n-°v Xo-bn-´v Iq-´-s°m-e \-S-Øn-bm-ep-≠m-Ip-∂ Xncn-®-Sn C-¥y-sb H-cm-`y-¥-c bp-≤-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°pw F-∂p-h-sc I-W-°pIq-´n-bn-´p-≠m-h-Ww. A-Ø-c-sam-cp Xn-cn-®-Sn \-ev-Im≥ ln-µp-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ-°v I-gn-bp-∂ kw-ÿm-\w Kp-P-dm-Øm-Wv F-∂pw c-≠p-I-Æp-a-S-®v B Xn-cn-®-Sn°v A-\p-a-Xn \-ev-Im≥ I-gn-bp-∂ `-c-W-Iq-Sw A-hn-sS am-{X-am-Wv D-≈-sX∂pw a-\- n-em-°m≥ A-{X-h-en-b C≥-d-en-P≥-kv kw-hn-[m-\-sam-∂pw B-h62
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ iy-an-√.- -I-Y-b-dn-bm-sX B-´w Im-Wp-∂-h-cm-Wv Im-iv-ao-cn-se k-am-izm-k \-S-]-SnI-sf F-Xn¿-°p-∂-Xv. ap-^v-Xn ap-l-Ω-Zv k-bo-Zn-\v a-s‰m-cp ^m-dq-Jv A-–p-√sb-¶n-epw B-°-W-sa-∂m-W-h-cp-sS B-{K-lw. ^m-dq-Jv t]m-epw A-h¿-°v am-Xr-I-b-√. B-sc th-W-sa-¶n-epw sIm-√m-\p-≈ sse-k≥-tkm-sS H-cp ssk-\n-I-kw-L-Øn-\v Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ G-ev-]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa-∂v B-{K-ln°p-∂p-≠m-hmw A-h¿. P-Kv-tam-l-∑m-cm-Wv A-h¿-°v Ip-d-s®-¶n-epw kzo-Imcy-am-b am-Xr-I. tKm-[v-d-bn¬ Xo-h-≠n-bn¬ a-cn-®-{X B-fp-I-sf, H-cp hn-hml-tLm-j-bm-{X X-S-™p-\n¿-Øn sh-Sn-sh-®p-sIm-∂m¬ A-Xn-s\ \ym-bo-Icn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ P-Kv-tam-l-∑m¿-°v, Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X-sb H-∂-S-¶w Xo-{h-hmZ ]-£-tØ-°v X-≈n-hn-Sm-t\ I-gn-bq.- -b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬, tI-{µ-k¿-°m¿ ]-e L-´-ß-fn¬ ]-co-£n-® "k-am-izm-k' \-S-]-Sn-I-tfm-fw ar-Zp-e-a-√ ap-^v-Xn-bp-sS "k-am-izm-k'sa-∂v Im-Wmw. hm-Pvt]-bn k¿-°m¿ am-k-ß-tfm-fw k-ºq¿-W sh-Sn-\n-dp-ج \-S-∏m-°n-bn-´p≠v. I-gn-™ h¿-jw dw-km≥ Im-e-Øv ssk-\yw tXm-°p-sXm-Sp-I-X-s∂ D≠m-bn-√. ap-^v-Xn A-{X-sbm-∂pw "ar-Zp-e'\-b-a-√ kzo-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. t]m-´ {]-tbm-Kn-°n-√ F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xv A-Xn-t\-°mƒ I¿-i-\-\n-b-aw ssI-h-iw sh-®p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. X-s≥-d kz-¥w ]-co-£-W-ß-fn-eq-sS I-S-∂pt]m-Im≥ ap-^v-Xn-tb-bpw A-\p-h-Zn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ap-^v-Xn-sb tXm-ev-]n-°m≥ ln-µp-Xz-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Iƒ ap-∂n-´n-d-tß-≠. B ]-Wn `o-I-c-∑m¿-°v hn-´p-sImSp-°p-I.- " 2004 U-n-kw-_¿-- 8 ˛ 14
18 sIm-√m≥ ]p-Xn-b Im-c-W-߃ tX-Sp-∂p cm-{„o-b-°m¿ A-Sp-Ø Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s\ Ip-dn-®pw cm-{„-X-{¥-⁄¿ A-SpØ X-e-ap-d-sb Ip-dn-®p-am-Wv Nn-¥n-°p-I F-∂v ]-d-bm-dp-≠-t√m. D-]-{]-[m\-a-{¥n F¬.-sI.-A-Zzm-\n-sb A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d I-Sp-Ø B-cm-[-I¿ t]m-epw c-≠m-a-Xv ]-d-™ K-W-Øn¬ s]-Sp-Øm-dn-√. _-em-’w-K-Øn-\v h-[-in-£ \-ev-I-Ww F-∂-t±-lw ]-d-bp-tºmƒ Kp-P-dm-Øv \n-b-a-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏mhmw a-\- n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. C-¥y-bn¬ F-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw H-cp Xn-c-s™-Sp∏v F-t∏m-gp-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, \-Ωp-sS t\-Xm-°ƒ-°v cm-{„o-b-°m-cm-b√m-sX cm-{„-X-{¥-⁄-cm-bn Nn-¥n-°m≥ I-gn-bm-dn-√.- -Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ F-{X Iq-´-_-em-’w-K-߃ D-≠m-bn. h¿-Ko-b-I-em-]-Øns≥-d-bpw \n-im-\n-b-a-Øn-s≥-d ]n≥-_-e-tØm-sS-bp-≈ t]m-eo-kv \-S-]-Sn-Ifp-sS-bpw kp-c-£m ssk-\n-I-cp-sS {I-a-k-am-[m-\-]m-e-\ ]-c-°w-]m-®n-ep-Ifp-sS-bpw bp-≤-ß-fp-sS-bpw H-∏w Iq-´-_-em-’w-K-ß-fp-sS `o-I-c-X-bpw F°m-e-hpw D-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. F-√m Zp-c-¥-ß-fp-sS-bpw B-Zy-sØ C-c kv-{Xo-Ifm-Wv. A-Zzm-\n-bp-sS {]-Jym-]-\w Kp-P-dm-Øn-s≥-d h¿-Ko-b `o-I-c-∑m-sc Bi-¶m-Ip-e-cm-°p-I-bn-√. Im-c-Ww, Iq-´-_-em-’w-K-Øn-s≥-d C-c-Iƒ A-hn-sS ]-cm-Xn F-gp-Xn-s°m-Sp-°m≥ ap-t∂m-´p-h-cn-√. A-h-sc-sb-√mw a-sÆ-Æ-sbmgn-®v Xo-sIm-fp-Øn D-∑q-e-\w sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v.- -_-em-’w-K-Øn-\v h-[-in-£ \-ev-Im≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®m¬ A-Xn-s≥-d ^-ew _-em-’w-K-Øn-s≥-d C-c-Iƒ-°v h-[-in-£ \-ev-I-em-hpw F-∂v \n-b-a-hn-Z-Kv64
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ [-cpw h-\n-Xm {]-h¿-Ø-I-cpw ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v \-ev-In-bn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. sX-fn-thm ]cm-Xn-X-s∂-tbm C-√m-Xm-°m≥ C-c-sb sIm-∂p-I-f-bm-\p-≈ t{]-c-W-bm-WXv kr-jv-Sn-°p-I. tZ-io-b h-\n-Xm I-Ωo-j≥ 1999¬ tZ-i-hym-]-I-am-bn C-Xpkw-_-‘n-® ]T-\-ß-fpw in-ev-]-im-e-I-fpw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. FØn-t®¿-∂ \n-K-a-\w h-[-in-£ Kp-W-tØ-°m-tf-sd tZm-jw sN-øpw F-∂mbn-cp-∂p. F-¶n-epw t\-Xm-°-∑m¿ P-\-{]n-b ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw ap-g-°pw. _-em’w-K-Øn-s≥-d `o-Xn a-\- n¬ sIm-≠p-\-S-°m-Ø kv-{Xo C-√. _-em-’w-K°m-c-s\ sIm-√-Ww F-∂v A-Xn-s≥-d C-c B-{K-ln-®p t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-epw sX‰n-√. ]p-cp-j-∑m-sc-√m-h-cpw tN-´-\pw `¿-Øm-hpw A-—-\pw a-I-\pw B-sW-∂Xp-sIm-≠v _-em-’w-K-Øn-\v h-[-in-£ F-∂ B-i-b-Øn-\v `q-cn-]-£w ]pcp-j-∑m-cp-sS-bpw ]n-¥p-W In-´pw. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-e-Xv tZm-jw sN-øn-√. - -\o-Xn-\ym-b-hpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hpw Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v cm-{„o-b-hpw \-√ \n-ebn¬ hn-I-kn-® bq-tdm-]y≥ cm-Py-ß-fn-sem-∂pw _-em-’w-K-Øn-\-√, sIme-°p-‰-Øn-\v X-s∂-bpw h-[-in-£-bn-√. h-[-in-£ \-ev-Ip-∂p F-∂-Xp-sIm≠v am-{Xw H-cp k-aq-l-Øn-epw sIm-e-]m-X-I-߃ Ip-d-bp-∂n-√ F-∂v G-sd ]T-\-߃ sX-fn-bn-®n-´p-≠v. in-£-bp-sS ImTn-\yw Iq-´p-∂-Xn-\v A-\p-k-cn-®v in-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ tI-kp-I-fp-sS F-Æw Ip-d-bp-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv H-cp \o-Xn\ym-bm-\p-`-hw. h-[-in-£-bm-Wv \-ev-Ip-∂-sX-¶n¬ \q-dp-h-´w Nn-¥n-t® P-UvPn hn-[n ]-d-bq. ^-e-Øn¬ _-em-’w-K-Øn-\p-≈ h-[-in-£ \n-b-a-]p-kv-XI-Øn¬ am-{Xw H-Xp-ßpw. h-[-in-£ sIm-≠v _-em-’w-K-߃ Ip-d-bp-It]m-ep-an-s√-¶n¬ ]n-s∂ F-¥v t\-´-am-Wv D-≠m-hp-I? {In-an-\-ep-Iƒ sN-øp-∂-Xm-bm-epw tIm-S-Xn sN-øp-∂-Xm-bm-epw ]-´mf-°m¿ bp-≤-Øn¬ sN-øp-∂-Xm-bm-epw a-\p-jy-s\ sIm-√p-I F-∂-Xv {]mIr-X-am-b H-cp \-S-]-Sn-X-s∂-bm-Wv. F-√m-X-cw lnw-k-I-fpw C-√m-bv-a sN-øpI-bm-Wv a-\p-jy-s≥-d e-£yw. kz-bw c-£-bv-°v th-≠n-bm-bm-epw hn-i-∏-S°m-\m-bm-epw a-s‰m-∂n-s\ sIm-√m-\p-≈ im-co-cn-I-am-b "D-]-I-c-W'߃ {]Ir-Xn \¬-In-bn-´p-≈-Xv ar-K-߃-°m-Wv. knw-l-Øn-\pw ]p-en-°pw ]q-®-bv°pw A-lnw-k km-[y-a-√. a-\p-jy-\v km-[y-am-Wv. ssZ-hw \¬-In-b Po-hs\-Sp-°m≥ ssZ-h-Øn-t\ A-[n-Im-c-ap-≈q F-∂v a-X-Øn¬ D-d-®p-\n-ev-°p-∂h¿ ]-d-bpw. ]-t£, a-X-Øn¬ D-d-®p-\n¬-°p-∂-h¿ X-s∂-bm-Wv G-‰-hpw IqSp-X¬ sIm-e-]m-X-I-߃ \-S-Øp-∂-Xv. {]m-Ir-X-am-b co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ sIm-e]m-X-I-߃-°p h-sc a-X-Øn-s≥-d k-Ω-Xn-]-{X-ap-≠v.- -H-cp cw-K-sØ lnw-k-bp-sS tXm-Xp-Ip-d-bv-°m≥, A-Xp a-s‰m-cp cw-K-Øv lnw-k h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv am¿-K-sa-∂ I-s≠-Ø-en-\v A-Zzm-\n-sb t]m-ep≈-h¿ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂ a-X-au-en-I-hm-Z-hp-am-bn _-‘-ap-≠v. hy-`n-Nm-cØn-\v I-s√-dn-™p-sIm-√p-∂-Xpw _-em-’w-K-Øn-\v Xq-°n-s°m-√p-∂-Xpw 65
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ k-aq-l-sØ ip-≤o-I-cn-°m-\m-hp-a-t√m. Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sS km-aq-ln-I-hpw am-\-kn-I-hpw im-co-cn-I-hp-am-b Im-c-W-߃ I-s≠-Øn A-Xp ]-cn-l-cn-°p∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®m-Wv B-[p-\n-I a-\p-jy≥ Nn-¥n-°p-∂-Xv. A-Ø-c-sam-cp imkv-{Xo-b k-ao-]-\w a-X-au-en-I-hm-Zn-I-fn¬ \n-∂v-{]-Xo-£n-°m-\m-hn-√.- -C-Xn-\p-≈n¬, \m-sf a-‰p co-Xn-I-fn¬ h-f¿-∂p h-cm-hp-∂ Nn-¥m-K-Xn-°mcp-sS _o-P-ß-fp-≠v. `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s≥-d kw-lm-c-i-‡n hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fnte-°v hym-]n-∏n-°p-∂ A-an-Xm-[n-Im-c {]-h-W-X C-t∏mƒ X-s∂ {]-I-S-amWv. ^m-kn-kv-‰v cm-Py-ß-fn¬ cm-jv-{So-b Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-߃-°v h-[-in-£-\¬-Ip∂-Xv km-[m-c-W kw-`-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bn-ep-S-\o-fw `o-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-I-sc sN-dp-°m-s\-∂-t]-cn¬ \n-e-hn-ep-≈ \n-b-a-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw A-Xn-cp-Iƒ ewLn-®p-≈ sIm-e-Iƒ s]-cp-Ip-∂p. ap≥-]v Im-iv-ao-cn-tem ]-©m-_n-tem I≠p-h-∂n-cp-∂-Xm-Wv tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-®n-´n-√m-Ø-Xpw kp-c-£m ssk-\n-I¿ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xp-am-b h-[-in-£-Iƒ. C-∂-Xv C-¥y-bn-se an-°-hm-dpw kw-ÿm\-ß-fn-te-°pw hym-]n-®n-´p-≠v.-"G-‰p-ap-´¬' sIm-e-]m-X-I-߃ B-{‘-bn-epw _n-lm-dn-epw Pm¿-J-fin-epw a-lm-cm-jv-{S-bn-epw X-an-gv-\m-´n-epw U¬-ln-bnepw D-≠m-Ip-∂p. ]u-c-kzm-X-{¥yw ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠n-h-cp-sa-∂v {]-[m-\a-{¥n, X-s∂, U¬-ln-bn¬ Zo-]m-h-en-Ø-te-∂p-≠m-b `o-I-c-hm-Zn-˛-t]m-eo-kv "G-‰p-ap-´'en-s\ ]-cm-a¿-in-®v ap-∂-dn-bn-∏p \¬-Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn. sIm-e-]m-X-IØn-\pw _-em-’w-K-Øn-\p-sa-∂-t]m-se, tÃ-‰n-s\-Xn-cm-b Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-߃°pw h-[-in-£ \¬-I-Ww F-∂ Nn-¥-bn-te-°v P-\-ß-sf F-Øn-°p-I A{X {]-bm-k-ap-≈ Im-cy-sam-∂p-a-√. C-¥y≥ a-\- n-s\ ]-cp-h-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v _-em-’w-K-˛-h-[-in-£m N¿-® {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠m-hpw.- -sIm-e-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw h-[-in-£-I-fn¬ \n-∂pw A-I-ep-I-bm-Wv. ]-cn-jv-IrX-tem-Iw tem-I-sØ 195 cm-Py-ß-fn¬ 73 cm-Py-߃ h-[-in-£ ]q¿-W-ambn C-√m-Xm-°n-bn-´p-≠v. th-sd 14 cm-Py-ß-fn¬ \n-b-a-]p-kv-X-I-Øn¬ am-{Xw A-Xv \n-e-\n¿-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ]-Øp-h¿-j-am-bn B-tc-bpw Xq-°n-s°m-∂n-´n-√mØ th-sd 23 cm-Py-ß-fp-≠v. C-t∏m-gpw h-[-in-£ \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv 91 cm-Pyß-fn-em-Wv. C-¥y-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\pw A-ta-cn-°-bpw A-Xn¬-s]-Sp-∂p. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ X-s∂ H-cp U-k≥ kw-ÿm-\-߃ h-[-in-£ C-√m-Xm-°n-bn´p-≠v. A-t∏m-gm-Wv \mw h-[-in-£ Iq-Sp-X¬ Ip-‰-߃-°v _m-[-I-am-°m≥ B-tem-Nn-°p-∂-Xv.- -h-[-in-£-bn-√m-Ø cm-Py-ß-fn-sem-∂pw sIm-e-]m-X-I-߃ s]-cp-In-bn-´n√. _-em-’w-K-Øn-\p h-[-in-£-\¬-Ip-∂ cm-Py-߃ F-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw D≈-Xm-bn A-dn-hn-√. {Iq-c-X-bp-sS-bpw ]-®-{]m-Ir-X-Xz-Øn-s≥-d-bpw ]-e {[p-hß-fn-em-Wv tem-Iw-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv. _-em-’w-K-Øn-\v C-c-bm-Ip-∂ kv-{Xo hmhn-´v I-c-™v kz-¥w ho-´n-te-°v Hm-Sn-s®-∂m¬ A-h-sf s\-t©m-Sv tN¿-Øv 66
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ B-iz-kn-∏n-°p-I-bpw kw-c-£n-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂-Xn-\p ]-I-cw I-Øn-sb-SpØv Ip-Øn-s°m-√p-∂ k-tlm-Z-c-\pw ]n-Xm-hpw a-I-\p-ap-≈ k-aq-l-ß-fpw Cu tem-I-Øp-≠v. Ip-Spw-_-Øn-s≥-d am-\w c-£n-°m≥ s]-Æn-s\ sIm-√pI F-∂-Xv B-Nm-c-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-®n-´p-≈ P-\-hn-`m-K-߃ ]m-In-kv-Xm-\nte-sd-bm-Wv. C-hn-sS am-\-`w-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv kv-{Xo-sb A-√, kv-{Xo B-Wv. a-\p-jy-s≥-d {`m-¥p-Iƒ-°v ]-cn-[n-sbm-∂p-an-√-t√m.- -h¿-[n-®p-h-cp-∂ kv-{Xo-]o-U-\-߃-°pw _-em-’w-K-Øn-\pw X-S-bn-Sm≥ \n-b-a-\n¿-am-Xm-°ƒ \-S-]-Sn kzo-I-cn-t°-≠-X-t√? k-Zp-t±-i-tØm-sS sN-øp∂ \-√ Im-cy-ß-tf-bpw F-Xn¿-°p-∂-Xv i-cn-bm-tWm?˛-Cu tNm-Zy-߃ kzm`m-hn-I-am-bpw D-b¿-∂p-h-cpw. \n-b-a-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ in-£-bp-sS ImTn-\yw Iq-´pI-bpw {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ B-cpw in-£n-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw A-√ ]-cn-lm-cw F-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv a-dp-]-Sn. in-£ In-´p-sa-∂v D-d-∏m-°p-I-bpw in-£ thKw sIm-Sp-°p-I-bp-am-Wv th-≠-Xv. _-em-’w-K-tØ-°mƒ `o-I-c-am-Wv, C-cbm-Ip-∂ kv-{Xo-bp-sS ta¬ k-aq-lw A-Sn-t®¬-∏n-°p-∂ in-£. A-Xv t]meo-kv tÃ-j-\n-epw tIm-S-Xn-bn-epw sX-cp-hn-epw am-{X-a-√ kz-¥w ho-Sp-I-fn¬ t]m-ep-ap-≠v. \n-b-a-߃ am-dn-b-Xp-sIm-≠v Im-cy-an-√-˛-a-\- p-Iƒ am-dp-∂ns√-¶n¬. _-em-’w-Kw t]m-ep-≈ tI-kp-I-fn¬ A-t\z-j-Ww \-S-Øm≥ h\n-Xm D-tZym-K-ÿ-sc Np-a-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw h-\n-Xm P-Uv-Pn-am¿ hn-Nm-cW \-S-Øp-I-bpw hn-[n-]-d-bp-∂-Xn-\p Im-e-]-cn-[n \n¿-_-‘n-°p-I-bpw sNbv-Xm¬ kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°p-≠m-Ip-∂ {]-tbm-P-\-Øn-s≥-d \q-dn-sem-cw-iw _-em’w-K-°m-c-\v h-[-in-£ \¬-I¬ \n-b-aw F-gp-Xn-sh-®m¬ D-≠m-hp-I-bn-√ Xo¿-®.- -\n-b-a-Øn-s≥-d kzm-`m-hn-I-am-b \-S-]-Sn-{I-a-߃ C-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xpw \oXn-\n-tj-[-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°-s∏-Spw. _-em-’w-K-Øn-\v C-c-bm-Ip-∂ kv-{Xotbm-Sv A-h-sc-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]-g-b Im-cy-߃ hn-Nm-c-W k-a-b-Øv tNm-Zn-®pIq-Sm F-∂m-Wp sX-fn-hp-\n-b-a-Øn¬ h-cp-Øn-b am-‰w. th-iy-sb-t∏m-epw _-em-’w-Kw sN-bv-Xp-Iq-Sm. F-∂m¬ D-`-b-k-Ω-X-tØm-sS-bp-≈ ssew-Kn-I _-‘w ]p-cp-j-s\ P-bn-en-tem Xq-°p-a-c-Øn-tem t]m-epw F-Øn-°m-sa-∂Xv _-em-’w-K-tØ-°mƒ lo-\-am-b A-h-ÿ-bm-Wv. Xp-d-∂ tIm-S-Xn-bn-se hn-Nm-c-W kv-{Xo-°v A-k-ly-am-b "am-\-`w-K'am-bn am-dp-∂p-≠v. A-Xp X-Sbm≥ ]-e am¿-K-ß-fp-ap-≠v. hn-Nm-c-W kz-Im-cy-am-°mw. h-f-sc hy-‡n-]-cam-b tNm-Zy-߃ F-gp-Xn-s°m-Sp-°p-I-bpw D-Ø-c-߃ F-gp-Xn-hm-ßp-I-bpw sN-ømw. C-e-Iv-t{Sm-Wn-Iv D-]-I-c-W-ß-fn-eq-sS tNm-Zyw sN-ø¬ P-Uv-Pn am{Xw tIƒ-°p-∂ co-Xn-bn-em-°mw. Cu Im-e-Øv C-Xn-s\m-∂pw {]-bm-k-hp-an√. A-sXm-∂pw B-tem-Nn-°p-I-t]m-epw sN-øm-sX, k-Xyw sX-fn-bn-°m-\p≈ {]-Xn-bp-sS ku-I-cy-hpw A-h-Im-i-hpw C-√m-Xm-°p-∂ hn-[-Øn-em-Wv \n-b-aw t`-Z-K-Xn sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ip-‰-a-‰ \n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS F-√m-h¿-°pw 67
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ \o-Xn F-Øn-°p-I-bm-Wv th-≠-Xv. thm-´n-\pw ssI-b-Sn-°pw th-≠n \o-Xn\ym-b-Øn-s≥-d D-]-I-c-W-߃ Zp¿-_-e-am-°m≥ A-\p-h-Zn-®p-Iq-Sm. C-Xv kv{Xo-Iƒ-°p-X-s∂-bm-Wv G-‰-hpw tZm-jw-sN-øp-I." 2002 U-n-kw-_¿-- 22 ˛ 28
19 Kp-P-dm-Øv tam-U-en-s‚ C-d-°p-a-Xn ap-ºv G-sX-¶n-epw ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bp-sS k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄m N-S-ßn¬ {]-[m-\-a-{¥nbpw D-]-{]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bpw tI-{µ Im-_n-\-‰v G-Xm-≠v H-∂-S-¶-hpw ]-s¶-Sp-ØXm-bn Hm¿-°p-∂p-t≠m? {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bp-sS k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄-bv-°v ap-Jy-a-{¥nam¿ F-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]-Xn-hv. Kp-P-dm-tØm-sS ]-Xn-hp-Iƒ sX-‰p-I-bm-Wv. {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn-bpw D-]-{]-[m-\-a-{¥n A-Zzm-\n-bpw \-tc-{µ-tam-Unsb A-\p-{K-ln-°m≥ A-lv-a-Zm-_m-Zn¬ F-Øn. cm-{„-]-Xn A-–pƒ-I-emw sN-∂n-√-t√m F-∂v B-iz-kn-°p-I-tb \n-hr-Øn-bp-≈q. k-Xy-{]-Xn-⁄ Ign-™ D-S-s\ t\-Xm-°ƒ Xn-c-°n-´v U¬-ln-°v a-S-ßn. A-hn-sS _n.-sP.-]n.bp-sS \m-j-\¬ F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hv tbm-Kw \-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Kp-P-dmØn¬ \n-∂v a-S-ßp-tºmƒ a-s‰-¥m-Wv Nn-¥n-°m-\pw N¿-®-sN-øm-\p-ap-≠mhp-I? Kp-P-dm-Øn-se hn-P-bw C-¥y ap-gp-s° hym-]n-∏n-°p-sa-∂v _n.-sP.-]n. \m-j-\¬ F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hv {]-Xn-⁄-sb-Sp-Ø-Xn¬ A-km-[m-c-W-am-bn H∂p-an-√.- -B-{K-ln-°pw-t]m-se, Kp-P-dm-Øn-se hn-P-bw a-s‰-√m kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-epw C-d-°p-a-Xn sN-øm≥ _n.-sP.-]n.-°v I-gn-bp-tam? Kp-P-dm-Øn-se hn-P-b-X-{¥w C-¥y ap-gp-s° hym-]n-∏n-°pw F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂-Xn-s≥-d A¿-Yw C-¥y ap-gph≥ h¿-Ko-b I-em-]-a-gn-®p-hn-´v P-\-ß-sf ln-µp-°-fpw ap-…nw-I-fp-am-bn c≠p tN-cn-I-fn-em-°n am-‰pw F-∂m-tWm? h¿-Ko-b-am-b A-k-ln-jv-Wp-X-b-√ ln-µp-Xzw F-∂v C-Xn-\n-S-bn-epw B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s≥-d A¿-Y-sa-¥m-Wv? - -B-{K-l-߃-°v A-\p-kr-X-am-bn Nn-¥n-®p-t]m-hp-I-sb-∂-Xv a-\p-jy-s≥-d H-cp Zu¿-_-ey-am-Wv. F-¥v kw-`-hn-°-Ww F-∂m-tWm a-\- v tam-ln-°p-∂69
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Xv, A-Xv kw-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂v a-\- v ]-d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw. A-Xn-\v hn-cp-≤-am-b-sXm-∂pw a-\- v Im-Wp-I-bn-√. I-Æv Im-Wp-∂sXm-∂pw a-\- v Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bp-an-√. Kp-P-dm-Øn-se P-\-߃ ln-µp-Xz hm-Zn-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc hn-[n-sb-gp-Øp \-S-Øp-sa-∂pw a-tX-X-c-Xz-Øn-s≥-d sImSn D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-sa-∂p-sam-s°-bm-Wv a-tX-X-c hm-Zn-Iƒ hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv. A-h-cp-sS h-en-b B-{K-l-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. A-Xn-\p-≈ ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-°W-°p-I-fpw A-h¿ tX-Sn-∏n-Sn-®p sIm-≠p-h-∂p. h-tK-e-bp-sS H-∂pw tIm¨{K- n-s≥-d H-º-Xpw tN¿-Øm¬ ]-Øm-Ip-sa-∂-h¿ I-W-°p-Iq-´n.- -h¿-Ko-b-am-bn {[p-ho-I-cn-°-s∏-´ H-cp kw-ÿm-\-sØ P-\-߃ t]m-fn-Mv _q-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ A-sX-√mw a-d-∂v a-tX-X-c-Xz-Øn-\pw k-am-[m-\-Øn\pw th-≠n thm-´v sN-øp-sa-∂pw "`m-hn-bn-se _n.-sP.-]n. ap-J-am-b \-tc-{µ tam-Un'sb X-≈n "`q-X-Im-e-sØ _n.-sP.-]n. ap-J'am-b h-tK-e-sb kzo-I-cn°p-sa-∂pw Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v hn-Z-Kv-[-∑m¿-ap-X¬ cm-jv-{So-b-\n-co-£-I-∑m¿-h-scbp-≈-h¿ B-{K-ln-°p-I-bpw B-{K-l-Øn-s\m-Øv {]-h-Nn-°p-I-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. U¬-ln-bn¬-\n-∂v hn-am-\-Øn¬ h-∂n-d-ßp-∂ hn-Z-Kv-[-∑m¿-°v Kp-P-dmØn-s≥-d a-\- p Im-Wp-I F-fp-∏-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- -C-¥y-bn-se a-s‰-√m kw-ÿm-\-Øp-\n-∂pw `n-∂-am-b a-X-˛-Pm-Xn _-‘-ßfpw km-aq-ln-I bm-Ym¿-Yy-ß-fp-am-Wv Kp-P-dm-Øn-ep-≈-sX-∂v an-° \n-co-£I-cpw Dƒ-s°m-≠n-cp-∂n-√. a-tX-X-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ ap-gp-h≥ Kp-P-dm-Øn-I-tf-bpw sIm-e-bm-fn-I-fm-bn ap-{Z-Ip-Øp-I-bm-sW-∂ hn.-F-®v.-]n. {]-Nm-c-Ww P-\-kwJy-bn¬ 90 i-X-am-\-Øn-te-sd h-cp-∂ ln-µp-°-sf kzm-[o-\n-°m≥ ]-cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂p. tKm-[v-d-bn¬ Xo-h-≠n-°v Xo-bn-´-t∏mƒ 54 t]-tc a-cn-®p-≈q F∂-Xv bm-Zr-—n-Iw am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. B-bn-cw t]¿ a-cn-°m≥ km-[y-X-bp-≠mbn-cp-∂p. ]n-t‰-∂v, a-sÆ-Æ-∏m-{X-ß-fpw Xo-s°m-≈n-I-fpw ITm-c-I-fp-am-bn C-d-ßn-b-Xv _n.-sP.-]n-°m-cpw B¿.-F-kv.-F- p-Im-cpw am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p F∂m-sc-¶n-epw hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p-t≠m? tI-c-f-Øn-se sN-dn-b h¿-Ko-b-kw-L¿j-߃ I-≠n-´p-≈-h¿-°p-t]m-epw H-cp Im-cy-a-dn-bmw. ln-µp-a-\- p-I-sf Ac-£n-X-Xz-Øn-te-°p X-≈n-hn-Sp-hm-\pw A-{I-am-k-‡-cm-°p-hm-\pw F-fp-∏am-Wv. Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ ap-…o-߃-s°-Xn-sc bp-≤-Øn-\n-d-ßn-b-h-cn¬ D-∂-X Pm-Xn k-º-∂ ln-µp-°ƒ ap-X¬ B-Zn-hm-kn-Iƒ-h-sc D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hn-Zym`ym-k-tam cm-jv-{So-b-tam Pm-Xn-tbm H-∂pw A-h¿-°p X-S- -am-bn-√. tKm-[v-dbn-se Xo-h-≠n Xo-sh-∏v H-cp Im-c-W-am-sb-t∂-bp-≈q. ap-l-Ω-Zv K-kv-\n-bpsS tkm-a-\m-Y-t£-{Xm-{I-a-Ww ap-X¬ Kp-P-dm-Øp-Im-c-\m-b ap-l-Ω-Zv A-en Pn-∂ kr-jv-Sn-® C-¥ym hn-`-P-\w h-sc-bp-≈ kw-`-h-ß-fpw C-Xn-s\-sb-√mw B-kv-]-Z-am-°n ln-µp-Xz cm-jv-{So-b-°m¿ \n-c-¥-cw \-S-Øn-t∏m-∂ {]-Nm-c-Whpw Kp-P-dm-Øv ln-µp-°-sf ap-…o-ß-fp-sS i-{Xp-°-fm-°n am-‰n-bn-cp-∂p. Ab¬ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ D-≠m-b X-c-Øn-ep-≈ H-cp a-X-˛-km-aq-ln-I \-thm70
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ∞m-\ {]-ÿm-\-hpw Kp-P-dm-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-´n-√. k-]v-Xw-_¿ ]-Xn-s\m-∂pw Im-iv-ao¿ A-{I-a-ß-fpw ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv B-{I-a-W-hp-sa-√mw `-bm-\-I-am-bn h-fcp-∂ ap-…ow `o-I-c-hm-Z-Øn-s≥-d kq-N-\-I-fm-bn A-h¿ I-≠p. a-tX-X-c-cm-jv{So-b-°m¿ C-Xn-s\-°p-dn-s®-√mw \n-»-–-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bpw ln-µp-°-sf am{Xw Ip-‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sN-øp-I-bm-sW-∂ {]-Nm-c-W-hp-ap-≠m-bn.- -tKm-[v-d-bpw Kp-P-dm-Øv I-em-]-hpw kw-`-hn-®n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \-tc-{µtam-Un A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ Xn-cn-®p-h-cp-am-bn-cp-t∂m. C-√ F-∂v D-d-∏n-®p ]-dbm≥ I-gn-bpw. I-em-]w D-≠m-b {]-tZ-i-ß-fn-em-Wv _n.-sP.-]n-°v h≥ hn-Pb-ap-≠m-b-Xv. Ip-g-∏-߃ H-´pw D-≠m-Im-Ø ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ _n.-sP.-]n. ÿm\m¿-Yn-Iƒ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p. ]-Øp i-X-am-\w thm-´p-hy-Xym-k-am-Wv _n.-sP.]n-bpw tImm¨-{K- pw X-Ωn-ep-≈-Xv. 1995epw 96epw 98epw \-S-∂ \n-b-a-k`m ]m¿-e-a≥-dv Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn-epw C-cp-]-£-hpw X-Ωn¬ Cu hy-Xym-kap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sp \-S-∂ ]-©m-b-Øv ap≥-kn-∏¬ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fpw D-]-Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fpw _n.-sP. ]n.-bp-sS P-\-]n-¥p-W-bn¬ h-en-b X-I¿-® D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-s≥-d kq-N-\-I-fm-Wv \¬-In-b-Xv. tKm-[v-d C-√m-sX Kp-P-dm-Øv t]m-fn-ßv _q-Øn-te-°v \n-ßn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \-tc-{µ tam-Un C-∂p kwÿm-\-sØ {]-Xn-]-£ t\m-Xm-hm-bn C-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. tKm-[v-dbpw h¿-Ko-b-I-em-]-ß-fpw I-gn-™-ti-jw Kp-P-dm-Øv ln-µp-hn-\v F-s¥-¶nepw kw-i-bw D-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ A-£¿-[mw t£-{X-Øn¬ \-S-∂ B-{I-aW-tØm-sS F-√m kw-i-b-ß-fpw A-{]-Xy-£-am-bn. A-h¿-°v \-tc-{µ tamUn c-£-I-\m-bn. C-Xn-s\-√mw ti-j-hpw tIm¨-{K- n-\v 39 i-X-am-\w thm´v t\-Sm≥ I-gn-™-Xm-Wv A-Xv-`p-X-am-bn A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂-Xv.- -Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ a-tX-X-c cm-jv-{So-b-°m¿ B-{K-l-Øn-s\m-Øv A-¥-co-£w hn-e-bn-cp-Øn-b-Xp t]m-se-bm-Wv ln-µp-Xz-hm-Zn-Iƒ C-¥y-sbm-´m-sI-bp-≈ A-¥-co-£w B-{K-l-Øn-s\m-Øp hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. tKm-[v-d-bpw tKm-[v-dbp-sS Xn-cn-®-Sn-bpw C-¥y-bn-se Hm-tcm kw-ÿm-\-Øpw B-h¿-Øn-®v ln-µp˛-ap-…nw hn-`-P-\w D-≠m-°m-\pw hn-P-b-Øn-\m-bn A-Xv D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øphm-\pw A-h¿-°v I-gn-bn-√. _n.-sP.-]n.-°p P-bn-°m-\p-≈ tKm-[v-d-bpw A£¿-[m-apw kw-`m-h-\ sN-bv-X-Xv ap-…nw Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. C-\n-bpw A-h¿ k-lm-bn-®m-te _n.-sP.-]n.-°v cm-Py-am-k-I-ew C-Xp-t]m-se h¿-Ko-b {[p-ho-I-c-Ww D-≠m-°m-\m-hq. G-I-]-£o-b-am-bn \-S-Øp-∂ h¿-Ko-bm-{I-aW-߃ P-\-ß-sf sh-dp-∏n-°pw F-∂v _m-_v-dn a-kv-Pn-Zv X-I¿-Ø-Xn-\p tij-ap-≈ D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ kw-ÿm-\ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ Im-´n-s°m-Sp-Øn-´p≠v. F-√m-bn-S-Øpw _n.-sP.-]n. tXm¬-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- -Kp-P-dm-Øv X-{¥w a-s‰m-cn-S-Øpw ]-b-‰m≥ I-gn-bn-√. Kp-P-dm-Øp-t]m-se _n.-sP.-]n-°v X-\n-®v `-cn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ kw-ÿm-\w th-sd C-s√-∂-Xp-X71
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ s∂ {]-[m-\ Im-c-Ww. "I-]-S a-tX-X-c'°m-cm-b F≥.-Un.-F L-S-I-ß-sf H∂-S-¶w H-gn-hm-°n cw-K-Øn-d-ßm≥ _n.-sP.-]n.-°v k-ao-]-`m-hn-bn-sem-∂pw Ign-bn-√. Kp-P-dm-Øn-sem-gn-sI a-s‰-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw ln-µp-Xz-Øn-s≥-d th-entb-‰-Øn-\p "Pm-Xn-Xz'Øn-s≥-d a-e-Iƒ-°p-ao-sX s]m-ßm-\p-am-In-√. "tKm-[vd'Iƒ ho-Wp-In-´p-∂-h-bm-Wv. A-t∏m-tg A-Xp-sIm-≠v Im-cy-ap-≈q. D-]-tbmKn-®p-I-f-bmw F-∂ hym-tam-l-tØm-sS A-h-sb Ir-{Xn-a-am-bn D-≠m-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-bm¬ P-\-߃ C-Xv Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I-X-s∂ sN-øpw. H-cp tX-ß ho-Wt∏mƒ kw-`-hn-®-Xp-t]m-se F-t∏m-gpw ap-b-ep-Iƒ N-Øp-sIm-≈-W-sa-∂n-√t√m." 2002 P-\-h-cn----- 5 ˛ 11
20 Nn-e am¿-Iv-kn-b≥ [¿-a-k-¶-S-߃ sIm-®n-bn¬ B-tKm-f \n-t£-]-I k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s\-Xn-sc e-£w t]-sc AWn-\n-c-Øp-sa-∂v kn.-]n.-Fw. bp-h-P-\-kw-L-S-\-bm-b Un.-ssh.-F-^v.-sF. {]-Jym-]n-®n-cp-∂p. A-Xp \-S-∂n-s√-∂p am-{X-a-√, kn.-]n.-Fw. t\-Xm-hv hn.-Fkv. A-®yp-Xm-\-µ≥ \n-t£-]-I-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s≥-d D-Zv-Lm-S-\-tbm-K-Øn¬ k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-\v B-iw-k-b¿-∏n-®v {]-kw-Kn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.- "B-tKm-f'Øn-se-hn-sS-\n-∂pw aq-e-[-\w-sIm-≠p-h-∂v tI-c-f-Øn¬ \n-t£]n-°m≥ A-Xp ssI-h-i-ap-≈ F-√m-h-tc-bpw £-Wn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p "Pnw' F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´ k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-s≥-d e-£yw. kn.-]n.-sF.-Fw, kn.-]n.-sF, kn.]n.-sF/Fw.-F¬ F-∂o am¿-Iv-kn-b≥ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°v kz-Im-cy aq-e-[-\ \n-t£-]-tØm-Sp-≈ k-ao-]-\-sa-¥m-Wv? B-tKm-f-°-º-\nIƒ-°v Np-h-∏p ]-c-h-Xm-\n hn-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\ F-Xn¿-°m≥ Xm-XznI-am-bn A-h¿-°p I-gn-bp-tam? - -hy-h-km-bw Xp-S-ßm≥ Ip-Ø-I-I-sf hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p h-cp-∂-Xn-t\m-Sv IΩyq-Wn-kw tem-I-Øv Pz-en-®p-\n-∂ Im-e-Øp-t]m-epw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv `-c-W߃-°v hn-tc-[m-ap-≠m-bnp-∂n-√. tI-c-f-Øn-te-°v _n¿-f-bp-sS Kzm-fn-tbm¿ d-tbm¨-kn-s\ F-√m ku-I-cy-ß-fpw \¬-In £-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂-Xv "_q¿-jzm tIm¨-{K- p'Im-scm-∂pw B-bn-cp-∂n-√. k¿-°m¿ ÿ-e-hpw ssh-Zyp-Xn-bpw G-Xm-≠v ku-P-\y-am-bn sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv _n¿-f-tbm-Sp am-{Xw Im-´n-b Hu-Zm-cy-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. G-Xm-≠v F-√m a-dp-\m-S≥ Ip-Ø-I-Iƒ-°pw C-Xv \¬-In-t∏m-∂n-´p-≠v. _n¿-f-bv-°v a-s‰m-cp a-lm Hu-Zm-cy-hpw sN-bv-Xp73
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sIm-Sp-Øp. B-Zn-hm-kn t]m-epw A-ßm-Sn-bn¬-sN-∂m¬ H-cp \-√ ap-f-bv-°v ]-Øpw ]-Xn-\-©pw cq-] sIm-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv ap-f _n¿-f I-º-\n°p sIm-Sp-Øp-t]m-∂-Xv Np-fp-hn-e-bv-°m-Wv. tI-c-f-Øn-se k-ly-]¿-h-X-\nc-I-fn¬-\n-∂v ap-f-bpw a-c-hpw F-Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-\p-≈ _m-[y-X-bpw k¿°m¿ G-‰p.-Nm-en-bm-dn¬-\n-∂v am-hq¿ Kzm-fn-tbm¿ d-tbm¨-kv I-º-\n F-{X sh-≈-sa-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v B¿-°pw A-dn-bn-√. Nm-en-bm-dn¬ F-{X hn-jsam-gp-°n-sb-∂pw B¿-°pw A-dn-bn-√. Ip-td t]¿-°v sXm-gn-epw ap-¥n-b iº-f-hpw e-`n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw A-h¿-°p t_m-W-kv In-´p-tºmƒ tIm-gn-t°mSv \-K-c-Øn¬ ]-W-sam-gp-In-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw A-sX-√m-h-tc-bpw B-\-µn-∏n-®ncp-∂p-sh-∂pw am-{Xw \-ap-°-dn-bmw. A-aq-ey hn-`-h-ß-fm-b ap-f-bpw a-c-hpw ]p-g-sh-≈-hpw ssh-Zyp-Xn-bpw sh-dp-sX sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\ B-cpw F-Xn¿Øn-cp-∂n-√. ]p-g-bn¬ hn-j-sam-gp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb-¶n-epw sN-ø-W-sa-∂v ]d-™-h-tcm-Sv ]p-—-hpw ]-cn-lm-k-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p-˛-ap-X-em-fn-°p am-{X-a-√ sXmgn-em-fn-°pw. P-e-a-en-\o-I-c-W hm¿-Ø-Iƒ {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-® ]-{X-ÿm-]-\Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ {]-I-S-\w \-S-Øn-b-Xv I-º-\n-bp-sS sj-b-dp-S-a-I-fm-bn-cp-∂n√, sN-s¶m-Sn ]n-Sn-® sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p.- -C-∂v ]p-g hn¬-°-cp-sX-∂v C-S-Øpw h-e-Øpw D-≈-h¿ D-d-s° hn-fn-®p-]d-bp-∂p-≠v. {]-Ir-Xn hn-`-h-߃ Nq-j-W-Øn-s\-dn-™p-sIm-Sp-°-cp-sX-∂v Htc kz-c-Øn¬ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. hn.-F-kv.-A-Nyp-Xm-\-µ≥ B-tKm-f \nt£-]-I-sc kzm-K-Xw sN-øm≥ ]m-™p-sN-∂-Xn¬ H-cp h-en-b hn-`m-Kw am¿Iv-kn-Ãv hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v \n-cm-i-bpw A-a¿-j-hpw D-≠v. Ip-Ø-I-I-fp-sS aqe-[-\w h-cp-∂-Xn-s\ b-Ym¿-Y I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ F-Xn¿-°-Ww F-∂-h¿ I-cpXp-∂p. F-s¥-¶n-epw Xm-Øzn-I {]-iv-\w D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, _n¿-f-°v tI-c-f-Øn-te-°v d-tbm¨-kp-am-bn I-S-∂p-h-cm≥ I-gn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. I-ayqWn-k-Øn-s≥-d \-√ Im-e-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´n-√m-Ø F-Xn¿-∏v C-∂v I-ayq-Wnkw a-cn-®p-I-gn-™ Im-e-Øp-≠m-hp-sa-∂v I-cp-Xp-hm≥ \n-hr-Øn-bn-√. ap-Xem-fn-Ø-Øn-t≥-d-bpw I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-t≥-d-bpw aq-e-[-\-\n-t£-]-co-Xn-Iƒ XΩn¬ hy-Xym-k-an-√. D-ev-]m-Z-\ k-{º-Zm-b-߃ X-Ωn-ep-an-√ A-¥-cw. D-ev-]mZ-t\m-]-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS D-S-a-ÿ-X-sb sNm-√n-tb A-h¿ X-Ωn¬ X¿-°-ap-≈q. 1990\v ti-jw tem-I-sØm-cn-S-Øpw I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ D-ev-]m-Z-\-L-S-I-ß-fpsS s]m-Xp D-S-a-ÿ-X-bv-°p th-≠n hm-Zn-°p-∂n-√. No-\-bn-epw "[o-c-hn-b-‰v\m-an'ep-sa-√mw A-ta-cn-°≥ ap-X-em-fn-am¿ Iq-´-am-bn h-∂v hy-h-km-b-߃ Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ tI-c-f-Øn¬ am-{X-sa-ßn-s\ I-dp-∏p sIm-Sn-bp-b¿-Øpw? - -F-¶n-epw, {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw Ip-sd a-\- m-£n-°p-Øp-Iƒ D-≠m-°p-∂p≠v. aq-e-[-\w kz-cq-]n-®v ssI-bn¬ sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-sc am¿-Iv-kn-kw Nq-j-Icm-bm-Wv Im-Wp-∂-Xv. em-`-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xv sXm-gn-em-fn-sb Nq-j-Ww sN-bv-Xn´m-Wv. sXm-gn-em-fn D-≠m-°p-∂ D-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw A-Xn-\-h-\v In-´p-∂ Iq-en-bpw 74
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-¥-c-am-Wv ap-X-em-fn em-`-am-bn F-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-≠mW-t√m tem-I-Øv c-≠p h¿-K-ß-fp-≠m-hp-I-bpw c-≠pw X-Ωn¬ h¿-K-k-a-cap-≠m-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-X-Xv. h¿-K-i-{Xp-hn-t\m-Sv tkv-\-l-ap-≠m-hm≥ \n-hrØn-bn-√. aq-e-[-\-an-d-°n H-cp s]-´n-°-S-sb-¶n-epw Xp-S-ßp-∂-h-s\ h¿-K-i{Xp-hm-bn I-≠p io-en-®-h¿-°v B-tfm-f-aq-e-[-\-sØ kzm-K-Xw sN-øm≥ hen-b _p-≤n-ap-´p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. hy-h-km-bw Xp-S-ßm-sX sXm-gn-ep-≠mhp-I-bn-√. k¿-°m-dp-Iƒ tem-I-sØm-cn-S-Øpw C-°m-e-Øv hy-h-km-bw XpS-ßp-∂n-√. ]n-s∂-bm-cv hy-h-km-bw Xp-S-ßpw? B-tKm-f-am-bm-epw `q-tKm-f-ambm-epw A-Xn-\v ap-X-em-fn-am¿ X-s∂ th-Ww.- -aq-e-[-\ \n-t£-]-I-sc aq-∂mw tem-I-k¿-°m-dp-Iƒ {]o-Wn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \n-t£-]-I¿ k¿-°m-dp-I-fp-am-bn B-\p-Iq-ey-߃-°p th≠n hn-e-t]-in-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. X-߃-°v C-tßm-s´-¥v In-´p-sa-∂pw F{X Iq-Sp-X¬ em-`-ap-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-bp-sa-∂pw B-Wv A-h¿ t\m-°p-∂-Xv. cmhpw ]-I-epw Du-Wpw D-d-°-hpw C-√m-sX I-jv-S-s∏-´v ]Tn-®v ]-co-£ ]m- mb \m-ev-]-Xp e-£w sXm-gn¬-c-ln-X-tcm-Sp-≈ k-l-Xm-]w sIm-s≠m-∂pw tem-I-Øn-se H-cp aq-e-[-\ D-S-a-bpw C-tßm-´p-h-cm≥ t]m-Ip-∂n-√. B-\p-Iqey-߃ \-ev-Im≥ k¿-°m-dp-Iƒ a-’-cn-°p-tºmƒ, tI-c-f k¿-°m-dn-\v am{X-am-bn ]n-t∂m-´p-t]m-Im-\m-hn-√. B-tKm-f-aq-e-[-\-Øn-s≥-d k-Ω¿-Z-hpw Ah¿ h-en-s®-dn-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂ \m-W-b-Øp-´p-I-fp-sS {]-tem-`-\-hpw X-´n-am‰m≥ aq-∂mw tem-I-k¿-°m-dp-I-sf \-bn-°p-∂-Xv a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-am-tcm P-b{]-Im-iv \m-cm-b-W-∑m-tcm cmw-a-t\m-l¿ tem-ly-am-tcm A-√.- -H-cp ]-Xn-‰m-≠v ap-ºv C-¥y-bp-sS-bpw No-\-bp-sS-bpw B-tfm-l-cn h-cp-am-\w G-Xm-≠v Xp-ey-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-t£, C-∂v No-\-bn-te-Xv C-¥y-bn-ep-≈-Xn-s≥d c-≠n-c-´n-bm-Wv. 2001¬ 4700 tIm-Sn tUm-f¿ hn-tZ-i-aq-e-[-\w No-\-bn-tes°m-gp-In. C-¥y-bn-te-°p h-∂-Xv 400 tIm-Sn-bp-tS-Xp-am-{Xw. No-\-bp-sS Ib-‰p-a-Xn 26,600 tIm-Sn tUm-f-dn-t≥-d-Xm-Wv. C-¥y-bp-tS-Xn-s≥-d A-©-c C-c´n. ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ C-\n-bp-sa-{X-bpw F-Sp-°mw. C-Xn-s\m-cp a-dph-i-ap-≠v. G-‰-hpw tam-i-am-b sXm-gn-em-fn tk-h-\ th-X-\ hy-h-ÿ No-\bn-em-W-s{X. th-X-\w A-{X-bpw Ip-d-™-Xp-sIm-≠pw sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ {]Xn-I-cn-°n-s√-∂p D-d-∏p-≈-Xp-sIm-≠p-am-Wv B-tKm-f-\n-t£-]-I¿ A-tßm-´p ]-d-°p-∂-Xv F-∂v \n-co-£-I¿ I-cp-Xp-∂p. tI-c-f-Øn-\v A-Xv I-gn-bp-tam? B≥-d-Wn-bpw A-Nyp-Xm-\-µ-\pw H.-cm-P-tKm-]m-epw H-cp-an-®p \n-∂-Xn-s≥-d t]-cn-sem-∂pw aq-e-[-\w tI-c-f-Øn-te-°v H-gp-Ip-I-bn-√. B-tKm-f hn-]-Wnbm-Wv aq-e-[-\-Øn-t≥-d-Xpw. F-hn-sS-\n-∂v Iq-Sp-X¬ em-`w In-´p-I-sb-∂v t\m-°n aq-e-[-\w A-tßm-s´m-gp-Ipw. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw `u-Xn-I-ku-I-cy-߃ {]-[m-\-am-Wv. tIm¨-s^-U-td-j≥ Hm-^v C-¥y≥ C≥-U-kv-{Sn-bpw tem-I_m-¶n-s≥-d U-h-e-]v-sa≥-dv dn-k¿-®v {Kq-∏pw \-S-Øn-b ]T-\w a-l-cm-{„-bpw 75
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Kp-P-dm-Øp-am-Wv \n-t£-]-Øn-\v ]-‰n-b an-I-® Im-em-h-ÿ-bp-≈ kw-ÿm\-ß-sf-∂p I-s≠-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. tI-c-f-hpw _w-Km-fpw D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-ip-amWv G-‰-hpw tam-i-am-b-h. C-Xp am-‰m≥ ]-›n-a-_w-Kmƒ sN-øp-∂-Xv F-¶nepw tI-c-fw sN-tø-t≠? - -B-`y-¥-c ssh-cp-≤y-߃ sIm-≠v ap-X-em-fn-Øw X-I-cpw F-∂m-Wv am¿Iv-kv {]-h-Nn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. ap-X-em-fn-Øw X-I¿-∂n-√. I-ayq-Wn-k-am-Wv X-I¿-∂Xv. F-∂n-´pw X-I-cm-sX ]n-Sn-®p-\n-∂ tI-c-f-Øn-se am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv ]m¿-´n t\cn-Sp-∂-Xv A-Xn-te-sd cq-£-am-b ssh-cp-≤y-sØ-bm-Wv. aq-e-[-\ {]o-W-\-\b-sØ F-Xn¿-°-W-sa-∂p-≠v. F-Xn¿-Øm¬ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X tUm-Kv-a-Ifn¬ Po-hn-°p-∂-h-sc-∂pw tI-c-f-sØ ]n-d-tIm-´v h-en-°p-∂-h-sc-∂pw Bt£-]n-°-s∏-Spw. {]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-bn-eq-∂n No-\-bp-sS ]m-X-bn-eq-sS \o-ß-Wsa-∂p-≠v. \o-ßn-bm¬ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw _-en-I-gn-®v ap-X-em-fn-Ø ]m-X kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿ F-∂v B-t£-]n-°-s∏-Spw. H-tc hn-a¿-i-I¿ X-s∂ c-≠pw am-dn-am-dn ]-d-bm-\pw a-Sn-°n-√. Xm-Øzn-I {K-Ÿ-߃-s°m-∂pw h-gn-Im-Wn°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø [¿-a-k-¶-Sw X-s∂-bm-Wn-Xv." 2005 ^n-{_-h-cn----- 2 ˛ 8
21 Nn-e ssl-µ-h-\m-Sy-th-j-߃ tI-c-f-Øn-epw tI-{µ-Øn-epw tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d k-ap-∂-X t\-Xm-°ƒ P-∑wsIm-≠v {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-fm-sW-∂-Xv tIm¨-{K-kv \-b-ß-sf G-sX-¶n-epw hn[-Øn¬ kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p-t≠m? D-≠v. ss{I-kv-X-h-\m-a-[m-cn-I-fm-b tkm-Wnbm-Km-‘n-°pw F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-°pw ln-µp-Xz I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-sØ t\-cnSm≥ I-gn-bp-∂n-√. X-ß-fp-sS {In-kv-Xo-b-X C-cp-h-cp-sS-bpw i-–-ß-sf am¿-Zh-ap-≈-Xm-°p-∂p. ssI-I-sf \n-›-e-am-°p-∂p. {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-fm-b-Xp-sIm≠m-Wv X-߃ ln-µp-Xz-sØ F-Xn¿-°p-∂-sX-∂ {]-Nm-c-W-ap-≠m-bm¬ AXp ]m¿-´n-°v Xn-cn-®-Sn-bm-Ip-sa-∂-h¿ `-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-A-Xp-sIm-≠-h¿ F-¥mWp sN-øp-∂-Xv? hn.-F-®v.-]n. ˛-B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv-˛-_n.-sP.-]n. ]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d ln-µp-Xz-I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-߃ I-≠n-s√-∂v \-Sn-°p-∂p. X-ß-fpw ln-µp-°-fmsW-∂v P-\-ß-sf sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°m≥ hn-Uv-Un-th-j-߃ sI-´p-∂p. ap-Jw-aqSn-Iƒ [-cn-°p-∂p. ln-µp-Xz-cm-{„o-b-°m¿-°v C-Xn¬-∏-cw k-t¥m-j-I-c-am-b a-s‰m-cp A-h-ÿ D-≠m-Im-\n-√.- -A-ta-cn-°-°m-c-\m-b a-X-{]-Nm-c-I≥ Iq-∏¿-°v H-cp {In-an-\¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-sbt∏m-se C-¥y-bn¬ \n-∂v H-fn-t®m-Sn-t∏m-tI-≠n-h-∂-Xv k-ao-]-Im-e cm-{„o-bØn-ep-≠m-b h-en-b hy-Xn-bm-\-Øn-s≥-d hy-‡-am-b kq-N-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Iq∏-td-bpw kw-L-tØ-bpw B-{I-an-® {In-an-\¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ s]m-´n-®n-cn-°pI-bm-Wv. {In-kv-Xym-\n-bm-b B-`y-¥-c-a-{¥n-bpw {In-kv-Xym-\n-bm-b t]m-eo-kv ta-[m-hn-bp-ap-≈ kw-ÿm-\-Øp \n-∂m-Wv {In-kv-Xp-a-X {]-Nm-c-I≥ sh-t´-‰ ap-dn-hp-Iƒ D-W-ßp-∂-Xn-\p ap-ºv _m≥-tU-Pp-I-fp-am-bn Hm-Sn c-£-s∏-´-Xv. \-tc-{µ-tam-Un-bp-sS Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ t]m-epw Iq-∏¿-°v C-Xn-e∏p-d-sam-∂pw kw-`-hn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Iq-∏¿ A¿-ln-°p-∂ A-Sn-bpw Ip77
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Øpw sh-´pw X-s∂-bm-Wv A-t±-l-Øn-\p In-´n-b-sX-∂v kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ kwL-S-\-Iƒ D-d-∏n-®p ]-d-™n-cp-∂-Xm-W-t√m. tIm¨-{K- v au-\-Øn-eq-sS CXw-Ko-I-cn-®p-sh-t∂ D-≈q.- -tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-bpw B≥-d-Wn-bpw t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ h-∂-t∏mƒ s]-s´∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xm-Wp Cu Zp-c-h-ÿ F-∂v sX-‰n-≤-cn-°-cp-Xv. kn-Jv Xo-{hhm-Zn-I-fp-sS sh-Sn-bp-≠-I-tf-‰v C-µn-cm-Km-‘n a-cn-®p-ho-W-tXm-sS tIm¨-{K n¬ a-tX-X-c-Xz-hpw a-cn-®p-ho-Wn-cp-∂p. C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS tNm-c-bv-°v ]I-cw tNm-Zn-°m≥ kn-Jv ho-Sp-I-fn-te-°v ITm-c-I-fpw Xo-∏-¥-ß-fp-am-bn C-c®p-I-b-dn-b-Xv tam-Un-bp-sS-bpw sXm-Km-Un-b-bp-sS-bpw A-\p-bm-bn-I-fm-bn-cp∂n-√-t√m. Km-‘n-in-jy-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p, J-Z¿ [m-cn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p A-{I-an-Iƒ. Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ c-≠m-gv-N sIm-≠v sIm-∂p-I-Øn-®-Xn-t\-°m-tf-sd-bm-fp-I-sf c≠p-\m-fp-Iƒ sIm-≠v U¬-ln sX-cp-hp-I-fn-epw ho-Sp-I-fn-epw sIm-∂p IØn-®n-cp-∂p. Xp-S¿-∂v hm-Pv-t]-bn-˛ A-Zzm-\n-am-cp-sS ln-µp-Xz-sØ \n-jv-{]-`am-°n-bm-Wv cm-Po-hv Km-‘n `-c-W-Øn-te-°v P-bn-®p-I-b-dn-b-Xv. B \-√ \m-fp-Iƒ tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿ F-ß-s\ a-d-°m-\m-Wv? \yq-\-]-£ {]o-W\-a-√ `q-cn-]-£ {]o-W-\w X-s∂-bm-Wv em-`w F-∂p tIm¨-{K- v t\-XrXz-sØ B-cpw ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠ Im-cy-an-√.- -cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n-bp-sS-bpw \-c-knw-l-dm-hp-hn-s≥-d-bpw `q-cn-]-£ {]o-W-\-Øns≥-d X-S¿-®-bm-Wv tkm-Wn-b-bp-sS `q-cn-]-£ {]o-W-\w. cm-a-cm-Pyw X-s∂bm-Wv tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d-bpw e-£y-sa-∂p {]-Jym-]n-®-Xv cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n-bmWv. A-tbm-[y-bpw cm-a-t£-{X-hpw _n-sP-]n B-bp-[-am-°n-Øp-S-ßn-b L-´Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p cm-Po-hv Km-‘n-bp-sS A-º-cn-∏n-°p-∂ Cu {]-Jym-]-\w. em`-\-jv-S-ß-fp-sS {Km-^p-Iƒ ]Tn-°m≥ io-en-®n-cp-∂ am¿-°-‰n-ßv F-Iv-kn-Iyq´o-hp-am-cp-sS D-]-tZ-iw tI-´v \-b-߃ Xo-cp-am-\n-®p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p A-t∏mtg-°pw cm-Po-hv Km-‘n. ap-…ow hn-hm-l-tam-N-\ \n-b-aw t`-Z-K-Xn sN-bv-X-XpsIm-≠v ln-µp-hn-`m-K-Øn-ep-≠m-b A-Xr-]v-Xn am-‰m≥ \-√ h-gn _m-_-dn akv-Pn-Zn-s≥-d ]q-´v ln-µp B-cm-[-I¿-°v Xp-d-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv F-∂p-]-tZin-°m≥ a-‰m¿-°p I-gn-bpw! A-cp¨-kn-ßv ˛-s\-lv-dp-am¿ sN-bv-X B tk-h\-Øn-s≥-d Kp-W-^-e-am-W-t√m hm-Pv-t]-bn-˛-A-Zzm-\n-˛-\-tc-{µ-tam-Un-am¿ C∂pw A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s≥-d {]-Nm-c-Ww \-S°p-∂ L-´-Øn-em-Wv A-tbm-[y-bn¬ in-e ÿm-]n-°m≥ k¿-°m¿ A-\p-aXn sIm-Sp-Ø-Xpw cm-a-cm-Py-am-Wv X-ß-fp-sS-bpw e-£y-sa-∂v cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n {]-Jym-]n-®-Xpw. A-tbm-[y-bn-se ]-≈n s]m-fn-°m≥,]m-ep-I-´p-Ip-Sn-°p-∂ ]q-®-sb-t∏m-se \-c-knw-l-dm-hp I-Æ-S-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv, Cu \-b-Øn-s≥-d kzm-`m-hn-I-am-b H-cp Xp-S¿-® am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p.- -cm-Po-hv Km-‘n-bpw \-c-knw-l-dm-hp-hpw I-Æ-S-®p sN-bv-X-Xv tkm-Wn-bm-Km78
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ‘n-°v {]-I-S-\-]-c-X-tbm-sS sN-tø-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d H-cp Zp-c¥-am-Wv. hn-tZ-i-hw-i-P-bm-bn-cn-°p-I, {In-kv-Xym-\n-bm-bn-cn-°p-I F-∂o c≠v Aw-K-ssh-I-ey-ß-sf a-dn-I-S-∂p-th-Ww tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-°v ln-µp-Xzhp-am-bn Hm-Sn P-bn-°m≥. C-X-{X F-fp-∏-a-√. tIm¨-{K-kv \n-c-¥-c-am-bn CXn-\p-≈ X-{¥-߃ sN-Øn-an-\p-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. {Xn-th-Wnkw-K-a-Øn¬ A-c-tbm-fw sh-≈-Øn-en-d-ßn A¿-[-kv-\m-\w \-S-Øn-b-sX¥n-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Zzm-c-Im i-¶-cm-Nm-cy-sc k-µ¿-in-®v A-\p-{K-lw hm-ßn-b-sX¥n-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xn-cp-∏-Xn-bn¬ sN-∂v Xm≥ ln-µp-hm-sW-∂v k-Xy-hm-Mv-aqew k-a¿-∏n-®-sX-¥n-\m-bn-cp-∂p. a-[y-{]-tZ-in-se Un-Ku-cn-bn¬ {io-Kp-cp ctXv-\-\-iz¿ a-lm-tZ-hv t£-{X-Øn-se in-h-enw-K-Øn-t∑¬ A-`n-tj-Iw \-SØm≥ sN-∂-Xv F-¥n-\m-bn-cp-∂p. a-tX-X-c-Xz-hn-izm-k-ap-≈ ]m¿-´n-bp-sS t\-Xm-hv t£-{X-Øn¬-\n-∂v Kp-P-dm-Øn-se Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v {]-Nm-c-Ww B-cw`n-®-sX-¥n-\m-bn-cp-∂p? - -ln-µp-Xzw-X-s∂-bm-Wv a-tX-X-c-Xz-sa-∂pw a-dn-®pw {]-[m-\-a-{¥n hm-Pv-t]-bn°v tKm-h-bn¬ t_m-t[m-Z-b-ap-≠m-b-t∏mƒ {]-Xn-]-£-sØ "I-]-S-a-tX-Xc'°m¿ C-{X £p-`n-X-cm-b-sX-¥n-s\-∂v a-\- n-em-Ip-∂n-√. tkm-Wn-bm-Km‘n-bp-sS tIm¨-{K-kv C-Xv Ip-d-®p-Iq-Sn hy-‡-X-tbm-sS t\-c-sØ ]-d-™ncp-∂-X-t√? 1999 P-\-h-cn 16\v tIm¨-{K-kv {]-h¿-Ø-I-k-an-Xn Aw-Ko-I-cn-® {]-ta-bw ]-d-™n-cp-∂-Xv ˛""C-¥y-bn¬ a-tX-X-c-Xzw G-‰-hpw ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂ L-S-Iw ln-µp-bn-k-am-Wv'' F-∂m-Wv. C-Xv kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ H-cp ]-Sn am-{Xw ]n-d-In-em-Wv. ln-µp-Xzw-X-s∂-bm-Wv atX-X-c-Xzw F-∂-t√ hm-Pv-t]-bn ]-d-™n-´p-≈q? tIm¨-{K-kv {]-h¿-Ø-I-kan-Xn-bp-sS {]-ta-bw h-cp-∂-Xn-\p \m-ep-Zn-h-kw am-{Xw ap≥-s] kzm-an hn-thIm-\-µ P-∑-Zn-\-®-S-ßn¬ tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n ]-d-™p-˛""k-Xyw H-∂p am-{Xam-Wv. hn-⁄-∑m¿ C-Xn-s\ ]-e co-Xn-bn¬ Im-Wpw F-∂ ]u-cm-Wn-I XØz-sØ H-cp Po-hn-X-co-Xn F-∂ \n-e-bn-epw X-Øz-Nn-¥ F-∂ \n-e-bn-epw ln-µp-a-Xw A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv `m-c-X-Øn-\v a-tX-X-c-Xz-cm-Pyam-hm≥ I-gn-™-Xv.-'' - -]-d-™-Xn-sem-cp-]m-Sv A-k-Xy-ß-fp-s≠-∂-√ hm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. ln-µp `q-cn-]£-hpw A-Xn-s≥-d ^-e-am-b `-bm-i-¶-I-fp-≈ \yq-\-]-£-hpw D-≈ cm-Py-amWv C-¥y. ln-µp-`q-cn-]-£-sØ A-{I-am-k-‡-am-bn {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°m≥ aSn-°m-Ø ]m¿-´n cm-Pyw `-cn-°p-I-bpw cm-Py-sØ h¿-Ko-b-am-bn `n-∂n-∏n-°pI-bpw sN-øp-∂p. A-Ø-c-sam-cp L-´-Øn¬ a-tX-X-c-Xz-Øn¬ hn-iz-kn-°p-∂sX-∂v A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂ ]m¿-´n Du-t∂-≠-Xv G-Xp Im-cy-Øn-em-Wv? `q-cn-]£-Øn-s≥-d Xr-]v-Xn-bn-em-tWm? \yq-\-]-£-Øn-\v ss[-cy-hpw B-fl-hn-izmk-hpw kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-em-tWm? Kp-P-dm-Øv Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ kw-`-h-߃°p ti-j-hpw \yq-\-]-£-߃-°v B-fl-hn-izm-kw \-ev-Ip-∂-Xn-\-√, `q-cn-]79
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ £-sØ {]o-Wn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-Wv tIm¨-{K-kv {]m-[m-\yw \-ev-Ip-∂-Xv. `q-cn]-£ {]o-W-\-Øn¬ A-h¿ _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-am-bn a-’-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. tkm-Wnbm-Km-‘n-°pw F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-°pw A-ß-s\-tb sN-øm≥ I-gn-bq. F∂m¬, tIm¨-{K- n-se ln-µp t\-Xm-°-fpw a-s‰m-∂-√ sN-øp-∂-Xv. _n.-sP.]n.-bp-sS-bpw hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-sS-bpw hym-P ln-µp-Xz-sØ I-S-∂m-{I-an-°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂ ln-µp-°-fm-b H-´-\-h-[n t\-Xm-°ƒ tIm¨-{K- n-ep-≠v. Ah-cpw a-X-{`m-¥-∑m-cp-am-bn Hm-´-∏-¥-bw \-S-Øm-\m-Wv H-cp-sº-Sp-∂-Xv.- -a-tX-X-c-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®v ]p-\¿-hn-Nn-¥-\w B-h-iy-am-sW-∂v ]-d-™-Xv kwL-]-cn-hm-dp-Im¿ am-{X-a-√. ]-tc-X-\m-b tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xm-hv hn.-F≥. KmUv-Kn¬ H-cp L-´-Øn¬ `q-cn-]-£ {]o-W-\-am-Wv i-cn-bm-b \-b-sa-∂v Xp-d∂p-X-s∂ ]-d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""a-tX-X-c-Xzw F-∂ B-i-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v ]p-\cm-tem-Nn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. \yq-\-]-£-߃ ]m¿-´n-bn¬ \n-∂v A-I-ep-∂-Xn-s\°p-dn-®m-Wv F-t∏m-gpw N¿-® \-S-°p-∂-Xv. tIm¨-{K-kv N¿-®-sN-tø-≠ bYm¿-Y {]-iv-\w `q-cn-]-£w F-¥p-sIm-≠v A-I-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv.-'' C-Xv h-f-sc e-Lp-hm-Wv. 85 i-X-am-\w h-cp-∂ ln-µp-°-sf-bm-tWm thm-´n-\pth-≠n {]o-Wn-∏n-t°-≠-Xv? A-X-√ 15 i-X-am-\w am-{X-ap-≈ \yq-\-]-£-ßsf-tbm? - -C-Xv k-¶o¿-W-am-b H-cp {]-iv-\w-X-s∂-bm-Wv. k-¶o¿-W-X-I-fn¬ h-gn Is≠-Øm≥ tIm¨-{K- n¬ C-∂v P-h-l¿-em¬ s\-lv-dp-am-cn-√ F-∂v \-ap-°dn-bmw. {]-—-∂-th-j-߃ sI-´n-bpw ap-Jw-aq-Sn-Iƒ D-≠m-°n-sh-®pw c-£-s∏Sm-\m-Wv tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xm-°ƒ {i-an-°p-∂-Xv. c-£-s∏-Sm-sa-∂-h¿ hn-izkn-°p-∂p. A-h-cp-sS hn-izm-kw A-h-sc c-£n-°-s´." 2006 ^n-{_-h-cn----- 9 ˛ 15
22 k-a-b-am-bn-√ t]m-epw ""_q¿-jzm I-£n-I-sf-t∏m-se tXm-∂p-tºmƒ ]n-f-cm-\pw tXm-∂p-tºmƒ ebn-°m-\pw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãp ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°p I-gn-bn-√''. kn.-]n.-Fw-˛-kn.-]n.-sF I£n-Iƒ tN¿-∂v H-‰-∏m¿-´n-bm-I-W-sa-∂ \n¿-tZ-iw D-b-cp-tºm-sg-√mw kn.-]n.Fw C-ß-s\-sbm-cp hm-Z-ap-b¿-Øm-dp-≠v. i-cn-bm-Wv. sXm-´-Xn-\pw ]n-Sn-®-Xn\p-sam-s° ]n-f-cp-∂-h-cm-Wv P-\-Xm-Zƒ t]m-ep-≈ _q¿-jzm-I-£n-Iƒ. ]m¿´n-tb-°mƒ h-ep-Xm-Wv A-h-bn-se t\-Xm-°-fp-sS Cu-tKm. H-cp t\-Xm-hn-\v H-cp ]m¿-´n F-∂ \n-c-°n¬ h-sc F-Øm-dp-≠v ]m¿-´n-s∏-cp-∏w. \n- m-c t\´-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂p tXm-∂n-bm¬ Cu-tKm sh-Sn-™-h¿ e-bn-°p-I-bpw sNøpw. I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-s°m-∂pw A-Xp I-gn-bn-√.- -C-¥y≥ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n ]n-f¿-∂n-´v \m-ep ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-Im≥ t]m-Ip∂p. C-t∏m-gpw, H-‰-∏m¿-´n-bm-I-W-tam F-∂ {]m-Y-an-I Im-cy-Øn¬ t]m-epw C-cp I-£n-I-fpw tbm-Pn-∏n-se-Øn-bn-´n-√. e-bn-°-W-sa-∂p ]-d-bm-dp-≈-Xv kn.-]n.-sF am-{X-am-Wv. ]n-f-cm-\n-S-bm-°n-b {]-iv-\-߃ ]-cn-l-cn-®n-´p a-Xn ]p-\-tc-Io-I-c-W-sa-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\p kw-i-b-an-√.- -_q¿-jzm ]m¿-´n-b-√ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-sb-∂v \-ap-°-dn-bmw. B-i-b-ßfpw Xn-b-dn-I-fpw X-e-\m-cn-g Io-dn hym-Jym-\n-°p-I-bpw am¿-Iv-kv-˛-Gw-K¬-kv˛-se-\n¬ Ir-Xn-Iƒ-°v a-X-{K-Ÿ-߃-s°-∂-t]m-se A-{]-am-Zn-Xzw \¬-IpI-bpw sN-bv-Xp-t]m-∂-h-cm-Wv I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿. km-bp-[-hn-π-h-Øn-\p ImU-dp-I-sf Ip-¥-ap-\-I-fm-°n H-cp-°n-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw ]-´m-f-°m-sc-t∏m-se I¿°-i A-®-S-°w ]p-e¿-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p A-h¿. A-sX-√mw A-c-\q-‰m≠n-\-∏p-d-sØ I-Y. ap-∏-Xp h¿-j-Øn-\n-∏p-dw G-sX-¶n-epw cm-Py-Øv sXm81
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ gn-em-fn-h¿-Kw km-bp-[-hn-π-hw \-S-Øn A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Øv sXm-gn-emfn-h¿-K k¿-hm-[n-]-Xyw \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xm-bn tI-´n-´p-t≠m? ]-Øp-h¿-j-Øn-\nS-bn¬ _q¿-jzm-˛-I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv-]m¿-´n-Iƒ X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-Xn¿-h-c-ºp-Iƒ tX™p-am-™p t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H-cp cm-Py-Øpw C-∂v ap-Jy-[m-cm I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-Iƒ km-bp-[-hn-π-h-Øn-\p Ip-¥w Iq¿-∏n-°p-∂n-√. D-ev-]m-Z-t\m-]-I-cW-ß-fp-sS k-ºq¿-W-am-b km-aq-ln-I D-S-a-ÿ-X e-£y-an-Sp-∂p-an-√. A-c-\q‰m-≠p ap-º-sØ tem-I-Øp Po-hn-®p-t]m-cp-∂-h¿ C-t∏m-gp-ap-≠v-˛-t\-∏mƒ sIm-Sp-¶m-Sp-I-fn-epw _n-lm¿-˛-B-{‘ Ip-{Km-a-ß-fn-epw. A-hn-sS kq-cy-{]-Imi-sa-Øm≥ C-\n-bpw k-a-b-sa-Sp-tØ-°pw. C-¥y-bn-se ap-Jy-[m-cm I-ΩyqWn-Ãv I-£n-Iƒ tIm¨-{K-kn¬ \n-∂pw P-\-X-bn¬ \n-∂pw h-f-sc-sbm∂pw hy-Xy-kv-X-c-√. F-∂n-´pw F-¥m-Wv kn.-]n.-Fw ]p-\-tc-Io-I-c-W-Øn-\v k-∂-≤-am-hm-Ø-Xv? 1964¬ ]n-f¿-∏n-\n-S-bm-°n-b Im-c-W-߃ C-t∏m-gpw Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p-t≠m? ]n-f¿-∏p-sIm-≠v kn.-]n.-Fw Im-cy-am-b t\-´w h-√-Xpap-≠m-°n-bn-cp-t∂m? C-\n e-bn-®m¬ A-h \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-tam? e-b-\-Øn-\p-≈ B-lzm-\w F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv kn.-]n.-Fw t\-Xm-°-fn¬ Cu¿-jy-bpw sh-dp∏pw D-f-hm-°p-∂-Xv? - 64¬ ]m¿-´n ]n-f-cm-\p-≠m-b Im-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n-∂p-th-Ww Xp-S-ßm≥. C-cp I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-I-fn-te-bpw ]p-Xn-b X-e-ap-d-bn¬ s]-´ {]-h¿-Ø-I¿-°v F-¥p-sIm-≠v ]m¿-´n ]n-f¿-∂p-sh-s∂m-∂pw C-∂p ]-d-bm≥ I-gn-s™-∂p-hcn-√. A-dn-bp-∂-h¿ X-s∂ B Im-c-W-߃-s°m-∂pw C-∂p hn-e I¬-∏n-°p∂n-√. B-i-b-]-c-am-b {]-iv-\-ß-f-hn-sS \n¬-°-s´. c-≠p kp-{]-[m-\ Im-cyß-f-∂p-ap-X¬ ]n-f¿-∏n-\v B-[m-c-am-bn D-∂-bn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. tem-I I-ΩyqWn-Ãv {]-ÿm-\-Øn-se tN-cn-Xn-cn-hm-Wv H-∂v. tkm-hn-b-‰v ]-£-hpw No-\ ]£-hp-am-bp-≈ Cu `n-∂n-∏n¬ kn.-]n.-sF tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]-£-Øpw kn.-]n.Fw. No-\m-]-£-Øp-am-Wv F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p [m-c-W. tkm-hn-b-‰v bq-Wn-b¬ F-t∂m a-cn-®p-I-gn-™p. No-\-bm-h-s´ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s\ I-≠m¬ tem-Kyw ]d-bp-I-t]m-epw sN-øm-Ø-hn-[w F-t∂m am-dn-a-dn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. kn.-]n.-F-Ωns\ sh-Sn-™v Ip-td-°m-ew Fw.-F¬. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°p ]m-ep sIm-Sp-Øp-t]m∂ No-\-bv-°v C-t∏mƒ am-thm-bn-Ãv I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv sk≥-d-dpw _n.-sP.-]n-bpw X-Ωn¬ h-en-b hy-Xym-k-sam-∂p-an-√. No-\ k-µ¿-in-°m≥ £-Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂-Xv G-sd-bpw kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ t\-Xm-°-fm-Wn-t∏mƒ. A-Xp-sIm-≠v ˛-No-\-˛tkm-hn-b-‰v th¿-Xn-cn-hv C-∂v ]p-d-Øp-]-d-bm≥ t]m-epw sIm-≈p-∂ Im-c-Wa-√.- -tIm¨-{K-kn-t\m-Sp-≈ k-ao-]-\-am-bn-cp-∂p a-s‰m-cp Im-c-Ww. F-kv.-F Ums¶-bpw I-º-\n-bpw tIm¨-{K-kp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂ A-`n-{]m-b-°mcm-bn-cp-∂p. A-∂-sØ "C-S-Xp' I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ tIm¨-{K- n-t\m-Sv _-≤ssh-c-am-Wv ]p-e¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 37 h¿-j-Øn-\p-ti-jw C-∂v F-hn-sS-bm-Wv 82
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ C-h¿ F-Øn-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv? kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d ^m-kn-k-Øn-\v F-Xn-sc tIm¨-{K-kv Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ I-£n-I-sf tN¿-Øv hn-im-e-am-b a-tX-X-c-˛-P\m-[n-]-Xy-ap-∂-Wn cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw kn.-]n.sF-bpw ]-d-™p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tIm¨-{K-kn-s\ ap-Jy-i-{Xp-hm-bn {]Jym-]n-®n-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv _n.-sP.-]n-bp-am-bn t]m-epw k-l-I-cn-®p-t]m-∂n-´p≠v kn.-]n.-Fw. ]n-∂o-Sv _n.-sP.-]n. ap-Jy-i-{Xp-hm-b-t∏mƒ tIm¨-{K-kp-ambpw k-l-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. C-∂v, _n-lm-dn-epw X-an-gv-\m-´n-ep-sa-√mw tIm¨-{K-knt\-°mƒ Po¿-Wn-® I-£n-I-fp-sS Pq-\n-b¿ ]m¿-´v-W¿-am-cm-bn ko-‰n-\p ssI\o-´n-\n¬-°p-∂ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d ssZ-\y-X k-l-Xm-]w D-W¿-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. A-t∏m-gp-a-h¿ kn-]n-sF-bp-am-bn H-cp hn-´p-ho-gv-N-bv-°pw X-øm-d-√! - -kn.-]n.-sF ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂-Xv tZ-io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy-ap-∂-Wn sse-\m-sW-∂pw kn.-]n.-Fw. ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂-Xv P-\-Io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy sse-\m-sW-∂pw D-d-∏n-®pw X-d-∏n-®pw Nq-≠n-°m-´m-dp-≈-Xv kn.-]n.-Fw Xm-Xzn-Im-Nm-cy-∑m-cm-Wv. tZ-io-bhpw P-\-Io-b-hpw X-Ωn¬ B-S-tem-S-I-hpw B-Spw X-Ωn-ep-≈ hy-Xym-k-aps≠-∂pw C-Xn-sem-´pw hn-´p-ho-gv-N km-[y-a-s√-∂pw \-sΩ t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm\-h¿ In-W-™p {i-an-°m-dp-≠v. C.-Fw.-F-kv. D-≠m-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv A-Xne-t±-lw hn-P-bn-°m-dp-ap-≠v. C-Xp X-Ωn-ep-≈ hy-Xym-kw, tIƒ-°p-∂-h¿-°v Nn-cn-h-cm-Ø-hn-[w hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ t]m-epw C-∂v C-cp ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°pw I-gnbn-s√-∂-Xm-Wv hm-kv-X-hw.- 1964¬ kn.-]n.-sF-bp-sS tI-{µ Iu¨-kn¬ tbm-K-Øn¬ \n-∂v 32 C-S-Xp]-£-°m¿ C-d-ßn-t∏m-bn th-sd B-Iv-j≥ Iu¨-kn-ep-≠m-°n-b-Xm-W-t√m ]n-f¿-∏m-bn am-dn-b-Xv. 1924¬ {_n-´o-jv `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v X-s≥-d tk-h\w hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v Um-s¶ F-gp-Xn-b H-cp I-Øv {_n-´o-jv B¿ss°-hv-kn¬ {]-Xy-£-s∏-´-Xm-Wv A-∂v hn-hm-Z-ap-≠m-°n-b-Xv. I-Øn-s\-°pdn-®v A-t\z-jn-°m≥ kn.-]n.-sF. \n-b-an-® I-Ωo-j≥ Um-s¶-bv-°v \-√ k¿´n-^n-°-‰m-Wv \¬-In-b-Xv. I-Ωo-j-s≥-d \n-K-a-\-ß-sf tNm-Zyw-sN-bv-Xp-sIm≠m-Wv 32 t]¿ Iu¨-kn¬ tbm-K-Øn¬ \n-∂n-d-ßn-t∏m-b-Xv; A-√m-sX Fs¥-¶n-epw ln-am-e-b≥ h-ep-∏-ap-≈ Xm-Øzn-I-{]-iv-\-ß-fp-∂-bn-®p-sIm-≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. Um-t¶-°-Øv C-∂pw {]-k-‡-am-b Im-cy-am-sW-∂p ]-d-bm≥ t]m-epw I-gn-bn-√-t√m.- -e-b-\-Øn-t\m ]p-\-tc-Io-I-c-W-Øn-t\m k-Ω-Xw aq-fp-∂-Xv, 37 h¿-jw ap≥-]v ]m¿-´n ]n-f¿-Øn-b-Xn-ep-≈ Ip-º-km-c-am-bn hym-Jym-\n-°-s∏-t´-°psa-∂ B-i-¶ am-{X-am-Wv kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d ap-∂n-ep-≈ ap-Jy {]-iv-\w. CsXm-cp sN-dn-b Im-cy-sam-∂p-a-s√-∂p k-Ω-Xn-°mw. ]m¿-´n P-\n-®-Xp ap-X¬ sN-bv-Xp-Iq-´n-b sX-‰p-Iƒ F-Æ-a-‰-h-bm-Wv. C-h-sb-√mw G-‰p-]-d-™m-epw ]n-f¿-∏n-s≥-d sX-‰v G-‰p-]-d-bm≥ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\m-hn-√. H-∂n-®p-\n¬-°p-tºm83
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ gpw `-cn-°p-tºm-gp-sa-√mw C-cp I-£n-I-fp-sS-bpw kw-L-S-\m-]-c-am-b P-∑ssh-cn F-Xn¿ I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰v ]m¿-´n-bm-sW-∂ bm-Ym¿-Yyw A-dn-bp-∂-h¿t° Cu k-a-ky-bp-sS B-gw a-\- n-em-Iq. C-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ B-cp-sS-bpw a-\ n¬ H-cp kw-i-b-ap-W-cmw. th-s≠-¶n¬ th-≠. F-¥n-\m-Wv A-h-sc e-bn°m≥ \n¿-_-‘n-°p-∂-Xv? A-h¿ e-bn-®m¬ C-hn-sS F-s¥-¶n-epw kw-`-hn°p-tam? hm-Pv-t]-bn `-c-Ww ]n-t‰-∂v s]m-fn-™p-ho-gp-I-sbm-∂p-an-√-t√m? C√, kp-lr-tØ C-√. H-cp C-e C-f-Ip-I-t]m-ep-an-√. F-¶n-epw.-.-.-.- -I-Ωyq-Wn-kw a-Æ-Sn-™ B-i-b-am-hmw. ]-t£, tem-I-sØ-ßpw ]p-Ø≥ ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d ar-Ko-b-am-b I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-߃-s°-Xn-sc tcm-jm-Kv-\\n ]-S-cp-∂p-≠v. {]m-Ir-X-am-b I-Ωyq-Wn-k-tam \-Kv-\-\-am-b ap-X-em-fn-Øtam A-√m-Ø, a-\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s≥-d ap-J-ap-≈ cm-jv-{So-b-˛-km-º-Øn-I hy-hÿ-°p-th-≠n Zm-ln-°p-∂-h¿ F-ßp-ap-≠v. ]-g-b `m-fi-߃ Ip-∏-sØm-´nbn¬ h-en-s®-dn-™m¬ I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰v {]-ÿm-\-Øn-\v a-\p-jy-s≥-d ]p-Xn-b {]-Xo-£-bm-bn tem-I-sa-ßpw D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-°m-\m-hn-t√? A-kw-_-‘am-b H-cp B-i am-{X-am-hmw C-Xv. B-h-s´, C-Ø-cw A-kw-_-‘ B-i-I-fmW-t√m a-\p-jy-s\ \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xv." 2002 ^n-{_--h-cn- 17 ˛- 23
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ
23 _-kp-hn¬ \n-∂v _p-≤-tZ-hn-te-°v F-¥v -Zq-cw? "im-kv-{Xo-b tkm-jy-en-kw' F-s∂m-cp ]-Z-{]-tbm-Kw ap-ºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏m-g-Xm-cpw D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-dn-√. km-aq-ln-I-˛-km-º-Øn-I am-‰-Øn-\v H-cp imkv-{X-ap-s≠-∂ B-i-b-am-Wn-Xn-s≥-d A-Sn-ÿm-\w. bm-Zr-›n-I-kw-`-h-ß-fneq-sS tXm-∂n-b-h-gn-°v hn-I-kn-°p-∂ H-∂-√ k-aq-lw. A-Xn-s≥-d hn-Im-kØn-s\m-cp \n-b-a-ap-≠v. H-cp hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂v a-s‰m-∂n-te-°m-Wv k-aqlw am-dp-∂-Xv. A-Xv A-\n-hm-cy-am-b am-‰-am-Wv. B-cp hn-Nm-cn-®m-epw X-S-bm\m-hn-√. ^yq-U-en-kw ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-te-°v am-dn-tb Xo-cq. ap-X-em-fn-Øw tkm-jy-en-k-Øn-te-°pw tkm-jy-en-kw I-Ωyq-Wn-k-Øn-te-°pw am-dpw. tkm-jy-en-kw ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-te-°v Xn-cn-®p-t]m-Ip-tam? C-√. a-\p-jy≥ Ip-c-ß-\n-te-°v a-S-ßp-sa-∂p ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se ]-cn-lm-ky-am-Wn-sX-∂pw \-ap-°v kp-]-cn-Nn-X-\m-b H-cp I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãm-Nm-cy≥ ]-d-™p-sh-®n-´p-≠v.- -]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-se I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv B-Nm-cy-∑m¿-°v kw-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂-Xv F-¥p-X-cw ]-cn-Wm-a-am-sW-∂v hym-Jym-\n-®p ]-d-™p-X-cm≥ C-∂v \ap-°v B-Nm-cy-∑m-cn-√. A-hn-sS s]-s´-s∂m-cp {]-Xn-hn-π-h-tam tI-c-f-Ønsem-s° A-ø-©p-h¿-jw Iq-Sp-tºmƒ kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-sem-cp `-c-W-am‰-sa-¶n-ep-tam kw-`-hn-®n-´n-√. F-∂m-tem, tPym-Xn-_-kp-hn¬-\n-∂p _p-≤-tZhv `-´m-Nm-cy-bn-te-°p-≈ Zq-cw I-hn-`m-j-bn¬ ]-d-™m¬, A-t\-I Im-X-ambn-cn-°p-∂p. C-¥y≥ I-Ωyq-Wn-k-Øn-s≥-d B-ÿm-\-Øn-t∏mƒ tem-I ap-Xem-fn-Øw I-Æp-sh-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-W-s{X. Nm-c-∑m-sc A-b-®v {]-Xn-hn-π-hw kw-L-Sn-∏n-®v `-c-Ww X-I¿-°m-\-√-˛-aq-e-[-\-an-d-°n hy-h-km-bw ÿm-]n85
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °m≥.- -h-f-sc-sbm-∂pw A-I-se-b-√ Np-h-∂ ssN-\. A-dp-]-Xp-I-fp-sS A-h-km\-Øn-epw F-gp-]-Xp-I-fn-epw ssN-\-bn¬-\n-∂v B-th-i-apƒ-s°m-≠v ""C¥y≥ N-{I-hm-f-Øn¬ h-k-¥-Øn-s≥-d C-Sn-ap-g-°w'' kr-jv-Sn-®-h-tc-sd-bpw _w-Kmƒ bp-hm-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p. \-Iv-k¬-_m-cn-bpw I-\p-k-\ym-epw Nm-cp aPpw-Zm-dp-sa-√mw ss{]-a-dn kv-Iqƒ Ip-´n-Iƒ-°p-t]m-epw A-dn-bp-∂ t]-cp-I-fmbn-cp-∂p. No-\m sN-b¿-am≥ \-Ωp-sS sN-b¿-am-\m-bn. am-thm Nn-¥ Jp-dm≥t]m-se ]-hn-{X-{K-Ÿ-am-bn. F-∂n-s´-t¥ C-t∏mƒ _w-Km-fn¬ I-Ωyq-Wn-kw A-]-cn-Nn-X-am-b H-cp hm-°m-bn am-dn-tbm?. C-√, am-dn-bn-´n-√. F-∂p-am-{X-a-√. C-¥y-bn¬ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãp ]m¿-´n 1977 ap-X¬ A-[n-Im-cw \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂ GI kw-ÿm-\-a-Xm-Wv. I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv B-b tPym-Xn-_-kp I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãm-b _p≤-tZ-hv-`-´m-Nm-cy-bn-te-°m-Wv `-c-Ww ssI-am-dn-b-Xv. hr-≤ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãn¬-\n∂v "bp-h' I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãn-te-°v A-[n-Im-cw am-dp-tºmƒ "I-Ωyq-Wn-k'Øn-\v Din-tc-dp-I-b-t√ th-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv? F-t¥ Im-cy-߃ hn-]-co-X-Zn-i-bn¬ \oßp-∂p? - -I-Ωyq-Wn-k-Øn-s≥-d {]-bm-W-Øn-\v dn-th-gv-kv-Kn-b-dn-√ F-∂p ]-d-™n-cp∂-Xv \-Ωp-sS \m-S≥-B-Nm-cy-∑m-cm-Wv. sN-b¿-am≥ am-thm-hn-\v hn-π-h-Øns≥-d aq¿-[-\y-L-´-Øn¬ t]m-epw A-ß-s\ tXm-∂n-bn-cp-∂n-√. "ssN-\-bv°p-ta¬ Np-h-∂-Xm-c'hpw ssN-\-bp-sS kp-Zo¿-L hn-π-h-hp-sa-√mw c-Nn-® A-ta-cn-°≥ ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥ F-Uv-Km¿ tkv-\m-hp-am-bn \-S-Øn-b H-cp kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ am-thm-X-s∂ C-°m-cyw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. F-°m-etØ-°pw _m-[-I-am-b H-cp B-i-b-hp-an-√. No-\-bv-°v F-¥m-Wv kw-`-hn-°pI, Xm-¶ƒ-°p-ti-jw? tkv-\m tNm-Zn-®p. ""c-≠p km-[y-X-I-fp-≠v, hn-π-hw AXn-s≥-d e-£y-Øn-te-°p ap-t∂-dmw. A-s√-¶n¬, ]p-Xn-b X-e-ap-d hn-π-hØn¬-\n-∂v ]n≥-a-S-ßmw.-.-.-.-'' {]-Xn-hn-π-h-ap-≠m-°m-\p-≈ km-[y-X-bpw ImW-W-sa-∂v-am-thm D-d-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""Cu X-e-ap-d-tb-°mƒ A-dnhp-≈-h-cm-Ipw A-Sp-Ø X-e-ap-d. ^yq-U¬ X-e-ap-d-tb-°mƒ A-dn-hp-≈-h-ct√ \-Ωƒ? A-Xp-t]m-se. \-Ωp-sS I-ev-]-\-I-f-√, A-h-cp-sS hn-[n-bm-hpw \n¿-Wm-b-Iw''. \o-≠ au-\-Øn-\p ti-jw H-cp {]-h-N-\w t]m-se am-thm ]d-™p.-.-.-.-""C-hn-sS-\n-∂v H-cm-bn-cw h¿-jw I-gn-™m≥ am¿-Iv-kpw Gw-K¬kpw se-\n-\p-sa-√mw ]-cn-lm-ky-am-bn tXm-∂mw''. Im-ew F-{X th-K-Øn-emWv Ip-Xn-°p-∂-Xv. B-bn-cw sIm-√w-sIm-≠v kw-`-hn-t°-≠-Xv ]-Øp-sIm-√wsIm-≠v kw-`-hn-°p-∂p.- ""hn-tZ-i-km-[-\-߃ _-ln-jv-I-cn-°-W-sa-t∂m hn-tZ-i-\n-t£-]w th-s≠t∂m ]-d-bm≥ \-ap-°p ]-‰n-√. Im-c-Ww B-tKm-f-h¬-°-c-Ww H-cp bm-Ym¿Yy-am-Wv''˛-_w-Kmƒ kn.-]n.-Fw t\-Xm-hv A-\n¬ _n-izm-kv, _p-≤-tZ-hv `-´m86
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Nm-cy-bp-sS `-c-Ww h-∂-bp-S-s\ hy-‡-am-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. sIm¬-°-Ø Aen-ap-±o≥ tdm-Un-se kn.-]n.-Fw. B-ÿm-\-Øv hy-h-km-b {]-ap-J-cp-sS {]-Xn\n-[n-kw-Lw k-^m-cn-kyq-´p-Iƒ [-cn-®p-X-s∂ I-b-dn-h-∂-t∏mƒ ]-e-cpw Aº-c-∂p. ssh-Im-sX ]-©-\-£-{X tlm-´-en¬ hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ H-cp-°n-b AØm-g-hn-cp-∂n¬ Ip¿-Ø [-cn-®v kw-ÿm-\ `-c-W-t\-Xm-°-fp-sa-Øn. Xp-S¿∂v, ]-›n-a-_w-Kmƒ No-^v sk-{I-´-dn "ssa-t{Im-tkm-^v-‰v' X-e-h-∑m-sc ImWm≥ kn-bm-‰n-en-te-°p ]-d-∂p. sF.-_n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hp-Iƒ sIm¬-°-Ø-bn¬ hn-am-\-an-d-ßn. hn-t{]m F-∂ tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b¿ `o-a≥ Ah-cp-sS ÿm-]-\w Xp-S-ßm≥ G-gp Zn-h-k-Øn-\-Iw _w-Km-fn¬ ÿ-ew X-cW-sa-∂ A-¥y-im-k-\-am-Wv _p-≤-tZ-hv `-´m-Nm-cy-bv-°v \¬-In-b-Xv. ]-g-b Im-e-am-sW-¶n¬ B ^-b¬ G-gp-h¿-jw ssd-t‰-gv-kv _n¬-Un-ßn-se ta-iI-fn-eq-sS \n-c-ßpw. aq-∂p Zn-h-kw sIm-≠m-Wv _p-≤-tZ-hv A-h¿-°v ÿ-ea-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈ I-S-em-kv \¬-In-b-Xv.- -hy-h-km-bw Xp-S-ßm≥ ]-W-an-d-°p-∂ k-I-e-am-\-t]-cpw D-∑q-e-\w sN-øs∏-tS-≠ h¿-K-i-{Xp-hm-sW-∂v I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. h¿-K-i{Xp-hn-s≥-d ]-´n-I-bn¬, s]-´n-°-S \-S-Øp-∂-h-cpw X-e-®p-a-Sp-am-bn ho-´n-te°v h-√ km-[-\-hpw sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-\pw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ hn-[-Øn¬ Im-cy߃ tam-i-am-bn h-∂n-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. am-‰w "A-\n-hm-cy'am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-t£, F-{X-tØm-fw, G-Xp h-gn-°v? B-tKm-f-h¬-°-c-W-Øn-s≥-d h-≠n-bn¬ hm-Pvt]-bn-sb t]m-se, B≥-d-Wn-sb t]m-se _p-≤-tZ-hpw Nm-Sn-°-b-d-W-tam? - -tPym-Xn-_-kp-hn¬-\n-∂v _p-≤-tZ-hn-te-°v `-c-Ww ssI-am-‰w sN-ø-s∏-´n-cp∂n-√ F-s∂m-cp \n-a-j-tØ-°p k-¶-ev-]n-°p-I. C-S-Xp-ap-∂-Wn `-c-Ww X-Icp-I-bpw I-gn-™ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\p-ti-jw a-a-X _m-\¿-Pn-tbm kn-≤m¿-Y-i¶¿ _-kp-thm H-cp h-e-Xp-`-c-Ww ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp F-∂pw k-¶-ev]n-°p-I. a-a-X-bp-sS Hm-^o-kn-te-°v ap-X-em-fn-am-cp-sS {]-Xn-\n-[n-kw-Lw h∂n-d-ßp-I-bpw a-a-X ss^-hv-Ãm¿ tlm-´-en¬ ap-X-em-fn kw-L-S-\-bp-sS Un∂-dn-\v sN-√p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp F-∂p k-¶-ev-]n-°p-I. C-\n ]-d-bp-I-˛ _p-≤tZ-hv `-´m-Nm-cy-bpw tPym-Xn-_-kp-hp-sa-√mw C-Xn-s\ F-¥p-hm-°p-I-fp-]-tbmKn-®m-Wv hn-a¿-in-°p-I-bpw ]-cn-l-kn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-I? _-kp-hpw _p-≤-\pw X-Ωn¬ H-´pw A-I-ew D-≠m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂pw A-h¿ tXm-tfmSp-tXmƒ tN¿-∂v ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-߃-s°-Xn-sc B™-Sn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p F-∂pw am-{Xw ]-d-bm≥ I-gn-bpw.- -_p-≤-tZ-hv sN-øp-∂-sX-√mw sX-s‰-t∂m, tPym-Xn-_-kp sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-sX√mw i-cn-bm-bn-cp-s∂-t∂m, A-√ ]-d-™p-h-cp-∂-Xv. tPym-Xn-_-kp-hn-s≥-d \b-߃ Xn-cp-Øn-b-Xv ]m¿-´n-bp-sS \-b-ß-fpw ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw th-≠ hn-[Øn¬ Xn-cp-Øn-b-Xn-\p ti-j-am-tWm? `-c-W-Øn-en-cp-∂m¬ H-cp \-bw \-S87
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ∏m-°p-I-bpw {]-Xn-]-£-Øm-sW-ßn¬ A-Xn-s\-Xn-cm-bn ]-d-bp-I-bpw sN-øpI-bm-tWm cm-jv-{So-bw? ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn¬ ]m¿-´n \n-e-]m-Sn¬ h-cp-Øn-b am‰-Øn-\v A-\p-kr-X-am-b \-bw-am-‰w tI-c-f-Øn-epw h-cp-Øn-bn-´p-t≠m? - -tkm-jy-en-Ãv tem-I-Øn-s≥-d X-I¿-®-sb Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m≥ ]m¿-´n-°v CXp-h-sc I-gn-™n-´n-√. G-sd N¿-®-sN-bv-Xv am-‰w h-cp-Øn-b ti-j-hpw ""hn-πh-sØ Ip-dn-®pw hn-π-h-Øn-\p ti-jw sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K ]m¿-´n-bp-sS t\-XrXz-Øn¬ h-cp-∂ P-\-Io-b-P-\m-[n-]-Xy `-c-W-Iq-S-sØ Ip-dn-®p-am-Wv ]m¿-´n ]-cn-]m-Sn ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. hn-π-h-Øn-\v ap≥-]v A-[n-Im-c-ta¬-°m≥ A-h-k-cw In-´n-bm-e-Xv G¬-°pw. _q¿-jzm-]m¿-´n-bpw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bpw X-Ωn-ep≈ hy-Xym-kw Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-\m-Wn-ß-s\ sN-øp-∂-X-s{X! C-\n-bpw, B hy-Xym-kw Im-Wn-°p-I {]-bm-k-am-Wv. A-Xw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, C-∂sØ tem-I-Øn¬ I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-°v F-ß-s\ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn `-cn-°msa-∂v k-Xy-k-‘-am-bn ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bpw sN-øm-sX Cu ]-cn-lm-ky-Xbn¬ ]p-d-Øp-I-S-°m≥ I-gn-bn-√. " 2003 ^n-{_--h-cn- 24 ˛- am-¿-®v- 2
24 kn-]n-Fw hm¿-≤-Iy-k-l-P-am-b {]-iv-\-ß-fn¬ s]m-cp-Xp-∂ sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K hn-π-h-I-£n-bm-b I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n am¿-Ivkn-Ãn-s≥-d P-\-d¬ sk-{I-´-dn-bm-bn l¿-In-j≥ knw-lv kp¿-Pn-Xv \m-emw-Xh-W \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv 86˛m-a-sØ h-b- n-em-sW-∂-Xv A-[n-I-am-fp-Isf-sbm-∂pw A-º-c-∏n-®n-´n-√. \-Ωp-sS ho-Sp-I-fn¬ 86 h-b- p-≈ ap-Ø-»∑m¿ sXm-´-Sp-Øp-≈ A-ßm-Sn h-sc \-S-∂p-t]m-Im≥ t]m-epw \-Ωƒ A-\ph-Zn-°m-dn-√. F-Sp-Øm¬ s]m-ßm-Ø Np-a-X-e-Iƒ B {]m-b-Øn-ep-≈-h-sc G-ev-]n-°p-∂-Xv s]m-Xp-sh I-Sp-Ø {Iq-c-X-bm-bm-Wv I-W-°m-°m-dp-≈-Xv. F-¶n-epw tem-I-sa-ßpw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-I-fn¬ C-Xv km-[m-c-W Im-cyw am-{X-am-Wv.- -I-ayq-Wn-Ãv t\-Xm-°ƒ A-[n-Im-cw ssI-hn-Sp-∂-Xpw Po-h≥ ssI-hn-Sp-∂Xpw H-tc k-a-b-Øm-sW-∂v ]-d-bm-dp-≠v. dn-´-b¿ sN-bv-Xv kz-ÿ Po-hn-Xw \-bn-°p-I F-∂-Xv A-h¿-°v hn-[n-®n-´n-s√-∂p tXm-∂pw ]-e-cp-sS-bpw hm¿-[Iy-{]m-c-_v-[-߃ I-≠m¬. G-sd-°m-ew A-t]-£n-®n-´m-Wv tPym-Xn-_-kp ap-Jy-a-{¥n-ÿm-\-Øp-\n-∂p-≈ dn-´-b¿-sa≥-dn-\v ]m¿-´n-bp-sS A-\p-a-Xn tX-Snb-Xv. Nn-e ap-Jy-a-{¥n-am¿-°v-˛-C.-sI. \m-b-\m-sc-t∏m-se-˛-P-\-߃ \n¿-_-‘ dn-´-b¿-sa≥-dv \-ev-Ip-I-tb \n-hr-Øn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. h-f-≠-dn dn-´-b¿sa≥-dv hm-ßp-∂-Xv kn. A-Nyp-X-ta-t\m-s\-t∏m-se A-]q¿-hw Nn-e¿ am-{Xw.- -hn-π-h-Im-cn-I-fn¬ hn-π-h-Im-cn-I-fm-b Ãm-en-t≥-d-bpw am-thm-sk-Xq-ßn-s≥89
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ d-bpw A-h-km-\-Im-e-hp-am-bn Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ C-sXm-∂pw \-sΩ A-º-c-∏n-°p-I-bn-√. am-thm-hn-\v B-k-∂ a-c-W-\m-fp-I-fn¬ kw-km-c-ti-jn \-jv-S-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. ho-´n-se h-\n-Xm tPm-en-°m-cn-bp-sS X-e-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂ kv{Xo-°p-am-{X-am-Wv am-thm-hn-s≥-d ap-dn-bn¬ {]-th-i-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Im-cWw, A-h¿-°p am-{X-ta am-thm-hn-s≥-d Np-≠p-I-fp-sS N-e-\-Øn-s≥-d A¿-Yw hm-bn-®-dn-bm≥ I-gn-™n-cp-∂p-≈q. am-thm-hn-s≥-d `m-cy-bv-°p-t]m-epw am-thmhn-s\ Im-Wm≥ Cu kv-{Xo-tbm-Sv sI-t©-≠n-h-∂n-cp-∂p. cm-Py-`-c-W-Øn-se \n¿-Wm-b-I Xo-cp-am-\-߃ Cu L-´-Øn-epw am-thm-hn-t≥-d-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-˛-F∂p ]-d-™m¬, ]-cn-Nm-c-I-bm-b kv-{Xo-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p F-∂¿-Yw. Cu L´-Øn-epw sX-cp-hn¬ e-£-°-W-°n-\v k-Jm-°ƒ "sN-b¿-am-\v B-bp- v Bbn-cw h¿-jw' F-∂m¿-Øp-hn-fn-®v {]-I-S-\w \-S-Øp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- -hn-t√-Pv Hm-^o-kn-se ]yq-Wn-\v 56 h-b- n-te-sd-°m-ew tPm-en-sN-øm≥ A\p-h-Zn-®p-Iq-sS-∂p ]-d-bp-tºmƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv, A-Xn-t\-°mƒ \q-dp-a-S-ßv _u-≤n-I-˛-im-co-cn-I Im-cy-£-a-X B-h-iy-ap-≈ Np-a-X-e-Iƒ 86 Im-sc \Ωƒ ss[-cy-am-bn G-ev-]n-°p-∂-Xv. Kp-W-]-c-am-b X-I¿-® D-≠m-hp-∂p F-∂v G-‰-hpw \-∂m-bn A-dn-bp-I A-h¿-°p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. F-¶n-epw A-h-c-Xv X-S -hm-°v ]-d-bm-sX G-s‰-Sp-°p-∂p. A-[n-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d-bpw ÿm-\-am-\-ß-fpsS-bpw e-l-cn A-Xn¬ sN-∂p-s]-Sp-∂-h-sc A-Sn-a-bm-°p-∂p. C-Xn-s≥-d tZmj-^-e-߃ A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv Cu t\-Xm-°-sf Np-a-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂ ]m¿-´nI-fpw cm-Py-ß-fp-am-Wv.- -kn.-]n.-F-Ωn¬ 86 Im-c-\m-b l¿-In-j≥ knw-lv kp¿-Pn-Xn-t\ °mƒ Im-cy-£-a-am-bn, ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn P-\-d¬ sk-{I-´-dn-bp-sS Np-a-X-e \n¿h-ln-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ a-s‰m-cp t\-Xm-hn-√ F-∂p-th-Ww \-Ωƒ a-\- n-em°m≥. A-Sp-Ø tIm¨-{K- v h-sc-bp-≈ Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-bØn¬ ln-am-e-b≥ h-ep-∏-ap-≈ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\p ta¬ h∂p-]-Xn-°p-sa-∂v B ]m¿-´n-°v \-∂m-b-dn-bmw. cm-Pyw `-cn-°p-I-bpw cm-PysØ ap-gp-h≥ h¿-Ko-b-h-ev-°-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ _n.-sP.-]n. H-cp `m-K-Øv. 17˛-Hm-fw kw-ÿm-\-߃ `-cn-°p-I-bpw A-hn-S-ß-fn-se-√mw B-tKm-f-h-ev-°c-W-˛-ap-X-em-fn-Ø \-b-߃ A-Sn-t®-ev-]n-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ tIm¨-{K- v adp-`m-K-Øv. c-≠n¬ \n-∂pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn, h¿-Ko-b-X-tb-bpw B-tKm-f-h-ev°-c-W-sØ-bpw F-Xn¿-°p-∂ {]-ÿm-\-am-bn aq-∂mw ap-∂-Wn-sb h-f¿-Øns°m-≠p-h-∂v, 2004se Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏m-hp-tºm-tg-°v cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d `-c-Ww ]n-Sn-t°-≠ _m-[y-X-bm-Wv kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\pw A-Xn-s≥-d P-\-d¬ sk-{I-´-dn l¿-In-j≥ knw-lv kp¿-Pn-Xn-\p-ap-≈-Xv. Nn-√-d ]-Wn-sbm-∂p-a-√ C-sX-∂v B¿-°m-W-dn-bm-Ø-Xv! C-Xn-s\-√m-ap-≈ {]m-]v-Xn kp¿-Pn-Xn-\p-s≠-∂v I-cpXm≥ ]m¿-´n-°v Im-c-W-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°mw. F-∂m¬ I-gn-™ aq-∂p tS-apIƒ kp¿-Pn-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v A-ß-s\-sbm-cp {]-Xn-—m-b-b-√ kr-jv-Sn-®n-´p-≈90
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Xv.- -h¿-Ko-b tIm-a-c-ß-tf-bpw ap-X-em-fn-Ø ssh-Xm-fn-I-tc-bpw A-Sn-ap-X¬ apSn-h-sc hn-d-∏n-°p-∂ t]m-cm-´-߃ A-gn-®p-hn-´v cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d ]n-g-®-t]m-°ns\ ]n-Sn-®p-\n-dp-Øp-I-sbm-∂p-a-√ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d D-t±-iyw. U¬-ln-bn-se A-[n-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d C-S-\m-gn-I-fn¬ H-fn-™p-\n-∂v Im-ep-hm-cn-bpw Nm-°n-´p]n-Sn-®pw ap-∂-Wn X-´n-°q-´n-bpw ]-e I-fn-Iƒ I-fn-°p-I-bm-Wv. l¿-In-j≥knw-lv kp¿-Pn-Xn-t\-°m-fpw Cu I-e-bn¬ {]m-ho-Wyw t\-Sn-sbm-cp t\-Xmhv kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-en-√. A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv, ]m-Xn \-c-® {]-Im-iv Im-cm-´p-am-cpw ko-Xm-dmw sb-®q-cn-am-cpw D-≠m-bn-´pw \-c-am-{Xw A-h-ti-jn-® kp¿-Pn-Xn-s\X-s∂ ]m¿-´n-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xzw G-ev-]n-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv. I-gn-™ hym-g-h-´-°me-Øv U¬-ln-bn¬ \-S-∂ \m-S-I-ß-fn-se-√mw N-c-Sp-h-en-®n-cp-∂-Xv "In-Mv-ta°¿' kp¿-Pn-Xm-Wv. cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n-bp-sS ]-cm-P-b-Øn-\p ti-jw, H-tc-k-a-bw kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-t≥-d-bpw _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-tS-bpw ]n-¥p-W-tbm-sS hn.-]n. knw-lns\ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bm-°n. A-Zzm-\n-bpw hn.-]n.-knw-lpw kp¿-Pn-Øpw B-gv-N-bnsem-cn-°¬ H-Øp-tN¿-∂v "t{_-°v-^m-Ãn'\p ]p-d-Øm-Wv cm-Py-Im-cy-߃ Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. A-Zzm-\n-bp-sS c-Y-bm-{X-tbm-sS A-X-h-km-\n-®p. \-cknw-l-dm-hp-hn-s≥-d ]-cm-P-b-ti-j-am-bn-cp-∂p kp¿-Pn-Xn-s≥-d A-Sp-Ø cw-K{]-th-iw. tZ-h-Ku-U-bp-sS-bpw sF.-sI. Kp-Pv-dm-fn-s≥-d-bpw tZ-io-b-ap-∂-Wn k¿-°m-dp-I-sf tIm¨-{K- v {]-kn-U≥-dv ko-Xm-dmw tI-k-cn-s°m-∏w Nm-bIp-Sn-®v \n-e-\n¿-Øn-t∏m-∂-Xpw kp¿-Pn-Xv X-s∂. hm-Pv-t]-bn a-{¥n-k-`-sb Pb-e-fn-X ]m-ew h-en-®-t∏m-gpw kp¿-Pn-Xv G-sd ]m-™n-cp-∂p. tkm-Wn-bm-Km‘n {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bm-Im-sX t]m-b-Xv kp¿-Pn-Xv {i-an-°m-™n-´-√, ap-em-bw knw-lv h-g-ßm-™n-´m-Wv.- -A-tbm-[y-bpw Kp-P-dm-Øpw tZ-io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy ap-∂-Wn-bn-se L-S-I-I£n-I-sf A-kw-Xr-]v-X-cm-°p-tºmƒ A-h-sc-bm-sc-¶n-epw I-fw-am-‰n-®-hn-´m≥ t{]-cn-∏n-®p-Iq-tS? F≥.-Un.-F.-bn-se c-≠m-a-sØ h-en-b I-£n-bm-b sX-epKp-tZ-i-sØ a-dp-I-≠w Nm-Sm≥ t{]-cn-∏n-®m¬ _n.-sP.-]n. `-c-Ww Xm-sg hogm-\n-S-bp-≠v. kp¿-Pn-Xv H-∂pw \m-tf-°v \o-´n-sh-°p-∂ B-f-√. ]m¿-´n tIm¨-{K- v ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zn-em-bn-cp-∂-Xv `m-Ky-am-bn. _p-≤-tZ-hv `-´m-Nm-cybpw a-Wn-Iv k¿-°m-dpw "sh-dpw Hu-]-Nm-cn-I-X' F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v N-{µ-_m-_p \m-bn-Up-hn-s\ k-µ¿-in-®v ]p-Xn-b Hm-∏-td-j-\v Xp-S-°-an-´pI-gn-™p.- -h¿-Ko-b-X-bn-s√-∂-Xp i-cn-X-s∂, ]-t£, km-º-Øn-I \-b-߃ H-´pw icn-b-s√-∂p ]-d-™m-Wv aq-∂mw ap-∂-Wn-bn¬ \n-∂v tIm¨-{K- n-s\ A-I-‰n\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xv. km-º-Øn-I-\-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v H-c-£-cw D-cn-bm-Sm-sX-bm-Wv kn.-]n.-sF.-bpw kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw N-{µ-_m-_p \m-bn-Up-hn-s\ aq-∂mw ap-∂-Wn91
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bn-te-°v B-I¿-jn-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂-Xv. F¬.-]n.-Pn. \-b-ß-fp-sS (en-_-dsse-tk-j≥, ss{]-h-ss‰-tk-j≥, t•m-_-sse-tk-j≥) Im-cy-Øn¬ \m-bnUp-hn-s≥-d ]n-d-In-te h-cp-∂p-≈q tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-bpw a≥-tam-l≥ knwlv t]m-epw. \m-bn-Up-hn-s\-bpw ]n-d-In-em-°m≥ I-gn-hp-≈ H-tc-sbm-cm-tf C°m-cy-Øn¬ C-¥y-bn-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≈p. X-an-gv-\m-´p-Im-c≥ ]n. Nn-Zw-_-cw. NnZw-_-c-hpw tI-{µ [-\-Im-cy a-{¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bn-se ap-X-em-fn-am¿-°v kz-]v-\-Øn¬ t]m-epw {]-Xo-£n-°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-{X "\-√' _-P-‰v \-ev-In-bXv Nn-Zw-_-c-am-Wv. A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv, ap-X-em-fn-am-cp-sS kw-L-S-\ Nn-Zw-_-cØn-s≥-d _-P-‰n-s\ "kz-]v-\ _-P-‰v' F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv. A-sXm-∂p-a-√ Im-cyw. Nn-Zw-_-cw Iq-Sn-bp-≈ a-{¥n-k-`-sb \n-e-\n¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂ I-£n-Ifn¬ kn.-]n.-sF.-bpw kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw s]-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv Im-cyw.- -ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zn¬ B-dp-Zn-h-kw N¿-® sN-bv-Xn-´pw ]p-Xp-a-bp-≈-sXm-∂pw ]p-d-sØ-Sp-°m≥ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\p I-gn-™n-cp-∂n-√. B-tKm-f-h-ev-°-c-W-˛-h¿Ko-b-h-ev-°-c-W \-b-ß-fn¬ Xo¿-Øpw A-kw-Xr-]v-X-cm-b h-en-sbm-cp hn-`mKw P-\-߃ C-¥y-bn-ep-≠v. A-h¿-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \-ev-Ip-∂ ]p-Xn-b ap-{Zm-hmIy-ß-fpw B-i-b-ß-fp-am-bn kn.-]n.-Fw. ]p-d-Øp-h-cp-sa-∂v {]-Xo-£n-°p-∂Xp-X-s∂ A-_-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. kw-L-S-\m-]-c-am-b Im-cy-ß-fn¬ t]m-epw "Ãm-‰-kv-tIm'hn-\-∏p-dw \o-ßm≥ ss[-cy-an-√m-Ø-h¿-°v B-i-b-cw-K-Øpw cm-{„o-b-\-b-ß-fn-epw am-‰-߃ h-cp-Øm-\pw Im-e-l-c-W-s∏-´ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy߃ h-en-s®-dn-bm-\pw I-gn-bp-∂-sX-ß-s\? hm¿-[-Iyw Po-h-Pm-e-ß-sf am{X-a-√-t√m _m-[n-°p-I.- " 2003 G-{]n-¬- 7- ˛- 13
25 tIm¨-{K-kv kw-kv-Im-cw a-‰p ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-s°m-∂pw C-√m-Ø ]-e "Kp-W'ß-fp-ap-≈ ]m¿-´n-bm-Wv tIm¨-{K-kv. tem-I-Øv H-cp ]m¿-´n-bn-epw \-S-°m-Ø Im-cy-߃ tIm¨-{Kkn¬ km-[m-c-W-kw-`-h-ß-fm-bn \-S-°pw. H-∂n-\pw ]-cn-[n-sbm-∂p-an-√. ]m¿´n-t\-Xm-°-∑m¿-s°-Xn-sc ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-߃ hn-fn-®v {]-I-S-\w \-S-Øm-\pw ssa-°n-eq-sS t\-Xm-°-sf No-Ø-hn-fn-°m-\pw kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≈ ]m¿-´n tem-IØv th-sd-tb-Xp-≠v? - -tIm¨-{K-kv cq-]w-sIm-≈p-I-bpw h-f-cp-I-bpw sN-bv-X km-l-N-cy-ß-fp-ambn C-Xn-\v \-√ _-‘-ap-≠v. cm-Py-Øn-\v kzm-X-{¥yw t\-Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-I t]mep-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ cq-]-h-Xv-I-c-W Im-e-sØ ]m¿-´n-bp-sS e-£yw. {_n-´o-jv `-cWm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°p ap-ºn¬ C-¥y-°m-c-s≥-d Xm¬-]-cy-߃ D-∂-bn-°p-∂Xn¬ ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p B-Zy-Im-e {]-h¿-Ø-\w. kzm-X-{¥-Øn-\p th-≠n-bp-≈ t]m-cm-´-sam-s° ]n-∂o-Sp-≠m-b-Xm-W-t√m. C-¥y-bp-sS ssh-hn[yw A-tX-]-Sn tIm¨-{K-kn-\pw D-≠m-h-W-sa-∂v Zo¿-L-ho-£-W-hpw B-ib-hy-‡-X-bp-ap-≈ t\-Xm-°ƒ B-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p. A-Ø-cw t\-Xm-°-fpw t\Xr-Xz-hpw Ip-‰n-b-‰p-t]m-bn-´v aq-∂p-\m-ep ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-I-sf-¶n-ep-am-bn. F-√m `m-j-I-sf-bpw a-X-ß-sf-bpw Pm-Xn-I-sf-bpw Po-hn-X-co-Xn-I-sf-bpw Xm¬-]-cyß-sf-bpw B-i-b-kw-ln-X-I-sf-bpw {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-h¿-°v tIm¨-{Kkn¬ ÿm-\w \¬-In-t∏m-∂n-´p-≠v. A-h¿-°v A-h-\-h-s≥-d \n-e-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ D-d-®p-\n¬-°m-\pw A-Xp ]-c-ky-am-bn {]-I-Sn-∏n-°m-\pw kzm-X-{¥yw \¬-Inbn-´p-≠v. A-Xv B ]m¿-´n-bp-sS I-cp-Øp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-{X-tb-sd P-\m[n-]-Xy-hpw kzm-X-{¥y-hpw D-≈ ]m¿-´n th-sd-bn-√. C-¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]-XyØn-s≥-d A-k¬ ap-dn-®p-sh-®-Xv. "{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ A-cm-P-I-Xzw' F-∂v C93
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ Nn-e¿ hn-ti-jn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. tIm¨-{K-kpw A-ß-s\bm-bn-cp-∂p. X-Ωn-e-Sn-®v, s]m-´n-∏n-f¿-∂v Cu ]m¿-´n C-t∂m \m-sf-tbm Akv-X-an-t®-°pw F-∂v Im-Wp-∂-h¿-°v tXm-∂n-t∏m-Ipw. H-∂pw kw-`-hn-°p-Ibn-√. A-X-ß-s\ ap-t∂m-´p-t]m-Ipw. "{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ H-cp A-cm-P-I-Xzw' Xs∂.- -C-Xn-\n-sS, {]-h¿-Øn-∏n-°m≥ cm-Pm-hp th-Ww, A-s√-¶n¬ cm-⁄n thWw F-∂ Nn-¥ F-t∏m-gm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv? B-sc-¶n-epw "I-am≥-Uv' \¬-Ip-Ibpw a-‰p-≈-h¿ A-\p-k-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ co-Xn-bn-te-°v ]m¿-´n-sb am-‰nsb-Sp-Ø-Xv F-t∏m-gm-Wv? D-b-c-Øn-en-cp-∂v B-⁄-Iƒ \¬-Ip-I-bpw ]m¿-´nsb t]m-°-‰n-em-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ k-{º-Zm-bw \-S-∏m-b-Xv C-µn-cm-Km-‘nbp-sS h-c-thm-sS-bm-Wv. ]m¿-´n-sb A-ß-s\ am-‰m-\pw sIm-≠p-\-S-°m-\p-ap≈ t\-Xr-Xz-]-c-am-b I-gn-hv C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C-∂v C-µn-cm-Km‘n-bp-sS A-Sp-sØm-∂pw \n¬-°m-\p-f-f I-gn-hv t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂ ]pXn-b "Km-‘n'°n-√. ]-t£, C-µn-c Xp-S-ßn-sh-® kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fpw co-Xn-Ifpw A-tX-]-Sn Xp-S-cm-\pw I-gn-bp-t∂-S-tØm-fw Iq-Sp-X¬ ta-J-e-I-fn-te-°v F-Øn-°m-\p-am-Wv tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-bpw H-∏w \n¬-°p-∂-h-cpw {i-an-°p-∂Xv. \n¿-`m-Ky-h-im¬ ssl-°-am≥-dv F-∂ t]-cn¬ H-t∂m c-t≠m hy-‡n-Iƒ \¬-Ip-∂ "I-am≥-Up'Iƒ-°v C-∂v tIm¨-{K-kp-Im¿ hn-e-sbm-∂pw I¬-]n°p-∂n-√. ÿm-\-am-\-߃ hn-e-t]-in hm-ßm-\p-≈ H-cp th-Zn am-{X-am-Wv A-h¿-°n-t∏mƒ ""ssl-°-am≥-dv'. tNm-Zn-°p-∂ ÿm-\-߃ F-√mw In-´n-bns√-¶n¬ A-h¿ I-em-]w \-S-Øpw I-Æn¬ Im-Wp-∂-sXm-s° A-Sn-®p-S-bv°pw.- -Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v Ip-td-Im-e-am-bn tIm¨-{K- n-en-√. \n-b-a-\-ta D-≈q. C-µncm-Km-‘n-bp-sS Im-e-Øn-\p-ap-ºp-t]m-epw ]m¿-´n t\-Xr-Xzw A-h¿-°n-jv-S-ap≈-h-sc ap-Jy-a-{¥n-am-cm-°m≥ {i-an-®p-t]m-∂n-´p-≠v. ]-s£ A-∂pw a-{¥n-amcp-sS \n-b-a-\w ap-Jy-a-{¥n-am¿-°v-hn-´p-sIm-Sp-°m-dp-≠v. ]n.-kn.-kn. {]-kn-U≥dp-am-sc Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-eq-sS I-s≠-Øm≥ kw-ÿm-\ L-S-I-߃-°v A-hk-cw In-´m-dp-≠v. C-∂p A-sX-√mw ]-g-b I-Y-bm-Wv. tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d t]mj-I-kw-L-S-\-I-fm-b sI.-F-kv.-bp-hn-s≥-d-bpw I¿-j-I tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-dbpw `m-c-hm-ln-I-sf-h-sc ssl-°-am≥-Um-Wp Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Ip-sd Iq-Sn-°-gn-™m¬ ]m¿-´n _q-Øp `m-c-hm-ln-I-fp-sS ]-´n-I-t]m-epw ssl-°am≥-Uv X-øm-dm-°p-∂ A-h-ÿ D-≠m-tb-°mw. - -Hm-tcm-X-´n-ep-≈-h-cpw sXm-´p-ta-se-bp-≈ t\-Xm-°-fp-sS tk-h-]n-Sn-®pw Ah-sc {]o-Wn-∏n-®p-am-Wv ÿm-\-am-\-߃ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. t\-Xm-hn-s≥-d Np-‰pw Iq-Sn-\n-∂p {Kq-∏p-I-fm-bn kz-bw {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂p. ÿm-\-߃ Ip-dhpw Im-ap-I-cp-sS F-Æw Iq-Sp-X-epw B-Ip-tºmƒ ÿm-\-ß-fp-sS F-Æw ]94
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ e-a-S-ßm-bn h¿-≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. H-cp {]-kn-U-≠pw ]-Xn-∂m-ep ssh-kv {]-kn-U≠pw C-cp-]-Xp sk-{I-´-dn-bp-ap-≈ ]m¿-´n I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ C-¥y≥ \m-j-\¬ tIm¨-{K- n-e-√m-sX tem-I-Øv th-sd G-Xn-se-¶n-ep-ap-t≠m? N-´-ß-fpw \nb-a-ß-fpw Io-gv-h-g-°-ß-fpw H-∂pw A-\n-b-{¥n-X-am-b A-[n-Im-c tam-l-Øn\pw B-{Im-¥-Øn-\pw ap-∂n¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-I-bn-√. tIm¨-{K- n-\n-t∏mƒ `c-W-L-S-\-bn-√. ssh-kv {]-kn-U≥-dp-am-cp-sS F-Æw F-√m I-Ωn-‰n-I-fn-epw s]-cp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ X-s∂, H-cm-fp-sS "kzm-[o-\w' A-Xn-i-‡-amsW-¶n¬ A-bmƒ-°v Rm≥ am-{Xw-a-Xn ssh-kv {]-kn-U≥-dv ÿm-\-Øv F∂v k-Ω-Xn-∏n-°m-\pw I-gn-bpw. \n-b-a-ß-fpw N-´-ß-fpw hy-h-ÿ-I-fpw Io-gvh-g-°-ß-fpw a-cym-Z-I-fp-sa-√mw H-s∂m-∂m-bn h-en-s®-dn-™m¬ H-Sp-hn-se¥m-Wp A-h-ti-jn-°p-I? P-\-߃ X-ß-sf-°p-dn-s®-¥m-hpw I-cp-Xp-I Fs∂m-cp Nn-¥ _m-°n-bp-≠m-Imw. A-Xp-Iq-Sn h-en-s®-dn-™m¬ ]n-s∂ `qtem-I-Øv H-∂n-s\-bpw `-b-s∏-Sm-\n-√. A-Ø-c-sam-cp a-t\m-l-c-am-b A-hÿ-bn-em-Wn-∂p tIm¨-{K- v t\-Xm-°-∑m¿.- -tI-c-f-Øn-se bq-Øv-tIm¨-{K-kv `m-c-hm-ln-I-sf I-s≠-Øm≥ ssl-°am≥-Uv {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ " C≥-d¿-hyq' \-S-Øn F-∂p ]-{X-hm¿-Ø-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. C-Xn-s≥-d A¿-∞w tIm¨-{K- -Im¿ {i-≤n-°m-sX t]m-b-Xn¬ A-¤pX-an-√. cm-{„o-bw tk-h-\-a-√, D-tZym-Kw X-s∂-bm-Wv F-∂m-Wn-Xn-\¿-∞w. tIm¨-{K-kv `m-c-hm-ln-Iƒ-°v C-Xp t\-c-sØ A-dn-bp-∂-Xm-W-t√m. D-tZymK-C≥-d¿-hyq-I-fn-se-t∏m-se s]-dp-hn-s≥-d X-e-ÿm-\-ta-Xv, tX-c-´-bv-°v F-{X Im-ep-≠v Xp-S-ßn-b A-kw-_-‘ tNm-Zy-ß-f-√ tNm-Zn-®-Xv. ho-´n¬ th-sd t\-Xm-°-fp-t≠m F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂-s{X s]m-Xp-hm-b tNm-Zyw. tkm-Wn-bm-Pn {]-kn-U-≠m-b ]m¿-´n-bn¬ A-Xv h-f-sc {]-k-‡-am-b tNm-Zyw X-s∂.- ]m¿-´n-bp-sS \-S-Øn-∏v I-®-h-S-˛-hy-h-km-b ÿm-]-\ \-S-Øn-∏p-t]m-se amt\-Pv-sa≥-dv X-Øz-im-kv-{X-a-\p-k-cn-®m-°m-\p-≈ \o-°w tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘nbp-sS `¿-Øm-hv cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n h¿-j-߃-°p ap-ºv Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-Wv. tIm¨-{K- p-Im-cp-sS, ]-g-b Im-e-Øn-s≥-d A-kp-J-I-c-am-b Hm¿-a-Iƒ DW¿-Øp-∂ Jm-Zn-hn-cn-∏p-I-fpw X-e-bn-W-I-fpw ]p-d-Øp-I-f-bp-I am-{X-a-√ cmPo-hv sN-bv-X-Xv. F.-sF.-kn.-kn. Hm-^o-kn-se ]-g-¶-S-em-kp-Iƒ D-t]-£n-®v A-Xym-[p-\n-I I-ºyq-´-dp-Iƒ ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw I-ºyq-´-dp-Iƒ-°v ap-∂n¬ Acp¨ s\-lv-dp-hn-s\ t]m-ep-≈ am¿-°-‰n-Mv F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hp-I-sf C-cp-Øp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v cm-Po-hv. tkm-Wn-bm-Pn-°v "am¿-°-‰n-Mv' \n-›-b-an-√m-ØXn-s≥-d tZm-jw Im-Wm-\p-≠v. F-¶n-ep-a-h¿ C≥-d¿-hyq t]m-ep-≈ I-º-\n-coXn-Iƒ tIm¨-{K- n¬ \-S-∏m-°p-∂p-≠v. X-∂m-em-b-X-t√ A-h¿-°pw sNøm-\m-hq.- -P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-am-b {]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s≥-d kw-L-S-\m-co-Xn-Iƒ ap-gp-h≥ D95
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ t]-£n-°p-I-bpw A-Xn-s≥-d ÿm-\-Øv t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s≥-d G-Im-[n-]-Xyw \S-∏m-°p-I-bpw B-Wv tIm¨-{K-kv sN-bv-X-Xv. I-gn-hn-√m-Ø G-Im-[n-]-Xyw A-cm-P-I-Xz-tØ-°mƒ h-en-b A-]-I-S-am-Wv. ÿm-\-߃ Hm-l-cn-sh-°p-I F-∂-Xn-\-∏p-dw H-cp {]-h¿-Ø-\-hpw A-Xn-s≥-d X-e-∏-Øv C-cp-∂p tkm-Wnbm-Km-‘n-°v \-S-Øm-\n-√. A-sX-¶n-epw Im-cy-£-a-am-bn \-S-Øn-bm¬ a-Xnbm-bn-cp-∂p F-∂m-Wn-t∏mƒ tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿ B-in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. ssl°-am≥-Un-en-cn-°p-∂-Xv C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bm-bm-epw cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n-bm-bm-epw tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-bm-bm-epw {]n-b-¶m-Km-‘n-bm-bm-epw H-cp-t]m-se h-W-ßn\n-ev-°m-\pw A-\p-k-cn-°m-\pw X-øm-dp-≈ I-cp-Wm-I-c-∑m¿ t]m-epw I-em-]Im-cn-I-fm-Ip-∂p. H-cp ssl-°-am≥-Un-\pw C-Xn-\-∏p-dw Zp¿-_-e-am-Im-\m-hn√.- -\-jv-S-s∏-´ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-ÿm-\-Øn-s≥-d hn-e-bp-sS \q-dn-c-´n I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ ssl-°-am≥-Un¬ \n-∂v tNm-Zn-®p-hm-ßn-°-gn-™p. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-Xzw th-Wsa-∂v ]-d-™-t∏mƒ A-Xv sIm-Sp-Øp. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-Xzw kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\v C-´psIm-Sp-Øn-´v tem-Iv-k-`mw-K-Xzw tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ A-Xp sIm-Sp-Øp. tI-{µ-a{¥n-ÿm-\w tNm-Zn-®p-hm-ßn. ap-Ip-µ-]p-cw B-h-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ ap-Ip-µ-]p-cw, Xr-»q¿ tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ Xr-»q¿, ]p-{X-\v tIm-gn-t°m-Sv tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ C-Xm tIm-gn-t°m-Sv. sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. {]-kn-U-≠v-ÿm-\w ]p-{X≥ C-∂p In-´-W-sa∂p B-h-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ C-∂p-X-s∂ h-µy-h-tbm-[n-I-\m-b sX-∂-e _m-e-Irjv-W-]n-≈-sb C-d-°n-hn-Sp-∂p. ho-´-Ω am-{X-am-b ]p-{Xn-sb s]m-Xp-P-\-Øns≥-d \n-Ip-Xn-∏-Ww sIm-≠p-\-S-°p-∂ tIm¿-∏-td-j-s≥-d X-e-∏-Øv C-cp-ØW-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ B-Z¿-i-[o-c-∑m¿ A-Xpw A-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂p. cm-Py-k-`m ko-‰n-epw {]-iv-\w sX-∂-e-tbm tIm-tSm-tØm A-√. ap-Jy-a{¥n-ÿm-\-Øn-\v I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ \n-›-bn-® hn-e-bm-bn-´n-√ F-∂-Xp-am-{X-amWv {]-iv-\w. Zp¿-_-e-tcm-Sv hn-e-t]-ip-∂-Xn-\p ]-cn-[n-bn-√-t√m." 2004 G-{]n-¬- 20 ˛ 26
26 km-[y-X-Iƒ A-\-¥-am-Wv km-[y-X-I-fp-sS I-e-bm-Wv cm-jv-{So-bw F-∂v A-dn-hp-≈-h¿ ]-d-™p-sh-®n´p-≠v. cm-jv-{So-b-Øn¬ ÿn-c-am-b i-{Xp-°-tfm an-{X-ß-tfm C-√, ÿn-c-am-b Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-tf D-≈q F-∂pw ÿm-]n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. c-≠pw Iq-´n-hm-bn-°ptºmƒ, Xm-Xv-]-cy kw-c-£-W-Øn-s≥-d I-e-bm-Wv cm-jv-{So-bw F-∂p ImWm-\m-hpw. A-c \q-‰m-≠n-te-sd-°m-e-sØ Xn-cp-sIm-®n-˛-tI-c-f cm-jv-{So-bw \n-co-£n-®-h¿ Cu kn-≤m-¥-Øn-\v sX-fn-hp-tX-Sn th-sd-sb-ßpw t]m-tI-≠. A-Xp-sIm-≠p X-s∂ tI-c-f-Øn¬ cq-]w-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂ Iq-´p-sI-´p km-[y-XIƒ A-h-sc H-´pw A-Zv-`p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-an-√.- -ap-Jy-a-{¥n-ÿm-\-Øp-\n-∂pw X-s∂ C-d-°n-hn-´-h-tcm-Sp-≈ ]-I-bpw {]-XnIm-c-t_m-[-hpw, sI. sI-cp-Wm-I-c-s\ X-s≥-d P-∑-i-{Xp-°-fm-b kn.-]n.-FΩn-s≥-d A-cn-In-se-Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. X-s∂ C-d-°n-hn-´-Xp-t]m-se F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-tb-bpw C-d-°n-hn-S-Ww. A-Xn-\v bp.-Un.-F-^v L-S-I-I-£n-I-fpw ]m¿-´n ssl-°-am≥-Upw k-lm-bn-°-Ww. A-h¿ k-lm-bn-°p-∂n-√. kn.-]n.F-Ωp-am-bn Iq-´p-Iq-Sp-I am-{X-am-Wv A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ km-[y-X. A-km-[y-ambn bm-sXm-∂p-an-√. kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d \n-b-a-k-`m-I-£n, sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥d t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ H-cp _-Z¬ a-{¥n-k-`-sb ]n-¥m-ßm≥ X-øm-dm-Wv. F.sI. B≥-d-Wn-bm-Wv c-≠p-Iq-´-cp-sS-bpw s]m-Xp-i-{Xp.- -A-km-[y-am-bn cm-jv-{So-b-Øn¬ bm-sXm-∂p-an-√ F-∂p ]-d-bp-tºm-gpw, tIc-f-Øn¬ X-s∂ h-f¿-Øp-I-bpw \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-X "s]m-fn-‰n-°¬ tIm¨-Ãn-‰yp≥-kn' X-I¿-Øv ]p-d-tØ-°p Nm-Sm≥ sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-s\ t]mse ]-cn-N-b-k-º-∂-\m-b H-cp t\-Xm-hv X-øm-dm-Ip-tam F-∂ kw-i-bw D-b97
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ cmw. I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-tcm-Sv bp-≤w sN-bv-Xm-Wv I-tÆm-Øv I-cp-Wm-I-c≥, "Icn-¶m-en' I-cp-Wm-I-c-\pw sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c-\pw eo-U-dp-sa-√mw B-Ip-∂-Xv. Iayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-cp-sS Ip-Ø-I X-I¿-°m-\m-Wv Xr-»q-cn¬ sXm-gn-em-fn {]-h¿Ø-\-cw-K-tØ-°v sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c-s\ ]-\-ºn-≈n tKm-hn-µ-ta-t\m≥ C-d-°p∂-Xv. A-∂p-sXm-´n-t∂m-fw I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ ssI-sIm-≠-Sn-®-Xpw em-Øn-sIm≠p X-√n-b-Xpw tXm-°p-sIm-≠v sh-Sn-sh-®n-´-Xpw I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-sc-bm-Wv. am-f-°m¿-°p am-{X-a-√, Iq-Øp-]-d-ºn¬ sh-Sn-tb-‰p-ho-W c-‡-km-£n-I-fpsS Ip-Spw-_-߃-°pw A-X-dn-bmw. tI-c-f-Øn-se tIm¨-{K-kp-Im¿ A-c-\q‰m-≠n-te-sd-bm-bn I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-sc-bm-Wv ap-Jy-i-{Xp-hm-bn t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xv. A-Xn-e-h-cp-sS t\-Xm-hv sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B≥-d-Wn-bmbn-cp-∂n-√. am¿-Iv-kn-Ãp-Im¿-°v c-≠p sIm-Sp-°m≥ eo-U¿-X-s∂ th-Ww F∂m-W-h¿ ]-d-bm-dp-≈-Xv.- -I-ayq-Wn-Ãp `-c-W-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b hn-tam-N-\-k-a-c-Øn-s≥-d t\-Xm-hm-b F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-sb I-cp-Wm-I-c-t\-°mƒ h-en-b I-ayq-Wn-Ãp hn-cp-≤-\mbn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-°m-dp-≈-Xv am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-°m¿ am-{X-am-Wv. b-Ym¿-YØn¬, hn-tam-N-\-k-a-c-Øn-s≥-d {]m-tZ-in-I t\-Xm-hp t]m-ep-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn. 1959˛¬ hn-tam-N-\-k-a-cw \-S-°p-tºmƒ tI-c-f-Øn-em-cpw F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn F-∂ t]-cp tI-´n-´p-t]m-ep-an-√. A-sX-√mw I-gn-™v 1961˛¬ sI.-F-kv.-bp. {]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\p ^-≠p-≠m-°m≥ sIm-®n-bn¬ tem´-dn \-S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ I-W-s°-gp-Xm≥ Iq-´n-s°m-≠p-h-∂n-cp-Øn-b tem-tImtf-Pv hn-Zym¿-Yn am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-sb-∂v A-°m-e-sØ bph-P-\-t\-Xm-hv Fw.-F. tPm¨ ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. A-Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv B≥-d-Wn°v B-Zy-sØ Hu-tZym-Kn-I ÿm-\w In-´p-∂-Xv-˛-sI.-F-kv.-bp {S-j-d¿ ]-Z-hn.- -A-Xn-s\-{X-tbm ap≥-]p-X-s∂ sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ Xr-»q¿ Pn-√-bn-se-¶nepw A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-s∂m-cp tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xm-hm-Wv. 1957˛¬ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿´n A-[n-Im-c-Øn-se-Øn-b B-Zy-sØ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ Xr-»q¿ a-fi-eØn¬ tIm¨-{K-kv ÿm-\m¿-Yn B-bn-cp-∂p I-cp-Wm-I-c≥. F.-sI.-B≥-dWn A-©mw-h-b- n¬ H-∂mw ¢m-kn-te-°v t…-‰p-am-bn t]m-Ip-tºmƒ sI.-Icp-Wm-I-c≥ Xr-»q-cn¬ ap-\n-kn-∏¬ Iu¨-kn-e-dm-Wv. ]-t£, F-t¥m \n¿`m-Ky-Øn-\v sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-t\-°mƒ h-en-b I-ayq-Wn-Ãv hn-cp-≤≥ F-∂ k¿-´n-^n-°-‰v I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ B≥-d-Wn-°m-Wv \-ev-In-t∏m-∂-Xv. I-ayq-Wnk-tØm-Sv h-en-b hn-tcm-[-sam-∂pw B≥-d-Wn-°v A-∂pw C-∂p-an-√. kwÿm-\-Øv F-hn-sS-sb-¶n-epw kn.-]n.-Fw. {]-h¿-Ø-I-cp-sS A-Sn-bpw sXm-gnbpw Ip-Øp-ta-‰v bq-Øv tIm¨-{K- p-Im¿ B-kv-]-{Xn-I-fn¬ F-Øm-Ø H-cp Zn-h-kw-t]m-epw I-S-∂p-t]m-Im-dn-s√-¶n-epw cm-{„o-b-Øn-s≥-d "km-[y-X'Ifpw Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-fpw H-Øp-h-∂-t∏mƒ 1980˛¬ B≥-d-Wn kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d D-‰-kp-lr-Øpw k-l-bm-{Xn-I-\p-am-bn. A-h¿ tN¿-∂v tI-c-fw `-cn-®p. X-ev98
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °m-e-tØ-s°-¶n-epw A-Sn-bpw Ip-Øpw \n¿-Øn-sh-®v B≥-d-Wn-tb-bpw Iq´-tc-bpw kp-Jn-∏n-®p-\n¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ kn.-]n.-Fw-˛-tIm¨-{K-kv F-kv sF-Iy-ap-∂-Wn-bpw ap-∂-Wn `-c-W-hpw \o-≠ Im-e-tØ-°v \n-e-\n¿-Øm-\mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "`-c-W-hpw A-Sn-bpw H-∏w' F-∂ io-ew sh-Sn-bp-∂-sX-ß-s\? '80 \-hw-_-dn¬ Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ B≥-d-Wn tIm¨-{K- n-s≥-d Un.-kn.kn. Hm-^o-kv X-s∂ kn.-]n.-Fw. {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ B-{I-an-®p. A-∂v k-l-Xm-]°-Æo-cp-am-bn sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ A-hn-sS ]m-™p-sN-√p-I-bp-≠m-bn. am¿-Ivkn-Ãv k-Jyw D-t]-£n-®v eo-U-dp-sS-bpw C-µn-cm-Pn-bp-sS-bpw a-Sn-Ø-´n-te-°v B≥-d-Wn a-S-ßn-b-Xn-s≥-d hn-tcm-[w kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\v C-t∏m-gpw Xo¿-∂n-´n-√. B≥-d-Wn-sb I-cp-Wm-I-c-t\-°mƒ h-en-b am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv hn-cp-≤-\m-bn ap-{Z-IpØp-∂-Xn-s≥-d Im-c-W-hpw C-Xp-X-s∂.- -bp.-Un.-F-^v. `-c-Ww X-I¿-°m-\pw sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥-d-tbm ap-c-fo-[-c-s≥d-tbm t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv ]n-¥p-W-tbm-sS _-Z¬ `-c-Ww D-≠m-°m\pw X-øm-dm-bm¬ sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ tIm¨-{K-kv {]-h¿-Ø-I-cp-sS I-Æn¬ a-s‰m-cp B≥-d-Wn-bm-bn X-cw-Xm-gpw. B≥-d-Wn-s°-Xn-cm-b I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥-d G-‰-hpw h-en-b B-t£-]w, \n¿-Wm-b-I L-´-Øn¬ C-µn-cm-Pn-sb X-≈n-∏-d™v kn.-]n.-Fw. Iq-Sm-c-Øn¬ I-b-dn-°q-Sn F-∂-Xm-Wv. tkm-Wn-bm-Pn-sb X≈n-∏-d-™v kn.-]n.-Fw. Iq-Sm-c-Øn¬ I-b-dn-°q-Sm≥ sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-\p I-gnbp-tam? B≥-d-Wn-tbm-sSm-∏w 1980˛¬ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-te-sd am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv hntcm-[-ap-≈ A-Wn-I-fm-Wv C-∂v I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥-d H-∏-ap-≈-Xv. F.-sI.-B≥-dWn-tbm-Sp-≈ sF {Kq-∏p-Im-cp-sS ]-I-bpw hn-tcm-[-hpw F-{X Du-Xn-s∏-cp-∏n®m-epw am¿-Iv-kn-Ãp-Im-tcm-Sp-≈ ]-I-sb a-dn-I-S-°m-\m-hpw F-∂pw tXm-∂p∂n-√.- -kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d k-∂-≤-X-sb-°p-dn-®v B¿-°pw kw-i-b-sam-∂p-an-√. B≥-d-Wn-bp-sS tIm¨-{K-kv F- p-am-bn Iq-´p-sI-´p-≠m-°n-b A-tX em-Lh-tØm-sS sI.-I-cp-Wm-I-c-s≥-d {Kq-∏p-am-bpw Iq-´p-sI-´p-≠m-°m≥ kn.-]n.-FΩn-\v I-gn-bpw. tI-c-f-Øn¬ kn.-]n.-Fw. Iq-´p-Iq-Sp-I-tbm thm-´p-sN-øp-I-tbm sN-bv-Xn-´n-√m-Ø H-cp cm-jv-{So-b-∏m¿-´n-bp-an-√. tIm¨-{K- n-t\m-Sv _-≤-sshcw {]-Jym-]n-°p-I-bpw tIm¨-{K-kv-hn-cp-≤ ap-∂-Wn cm-jv-{So-bw ap-Jy ap-{Zmhm-Iy-am-bn sIm-≠p-\-S-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp-t]m-∂ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\v tIm¨-{K n¬ \n-∂v A-_-≤-Øn¬ sX-dn-®p ]p-d-Øp-ho-gp-∂ I-j-W-ß-tfm-Sv H-cn-°epw A-d-∏p-tXm-∂m-dn-√. '69˛-se ]n-f¿-∏n-\p-ti-jw tI-{µ-Øn¬ C-µn-cm-Km‘n-bp-sS ]p-tcm-K-a-\-\-b-ß-sf ]p-I-gv-Øp-I-bpw C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS \yq-\]-£ a-{¥n-k-`-sb H-cp-ssI Xm-ßp-\-ev-In \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-X kn.]n.-Fw, 1970˛-se \n-b-a-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ "kn≥-Un-t°-‰v' tIm¨-{K- ns≥-d ÿm-\m¿-Yn-I-sf ]n-¥m-ßm≥ a-Sn-®n-√. 1977se ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv-˛-\n-b-a-k`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ A-∂v P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n ÿm-\m¿-Yn-I-fm-bn a-’-cn-® B¿.99
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ F-kv.-F- p-Im-cm-b H. cm-P-tKm-]m-e-\pw sI.-Pn. am-cm¿-°pw thm-´p-sN-øm≥ kn.-]n.-F-Ωp-Im¿-°v hn-a-X eo-Kp-Im-cpw Iq-´p-Im-cm-bn D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. h¿-Kob-hn-cp-≤ cm-jv-{So-bw ]-d-bp-∂ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\v 1965˛¬ ap-…nw-eo-Kp-am-bn ap∂-Wn tN-cm-\pw '67˛¬ A-h-sc-°q-´n `-cn-°m-\pw ss[-cy-ap-≠m-bn. \n-co-izc-cpw a-X-hn-cp-≤-cpw H-s°-bm-b I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿-s°m-∏w A-[n-Im-cw ]-¶nSm≥ am-{X-a-√, l-dm-am-b a-Zyw tI-c-f-Øn-sem-gp-°m-\p-≈ Xo-cp-am-\-Øn-\v ]-®-s°m-Sn Im-´m-\pw ap-…nw-eo-Kp-Im¿-°v e-h-te-iw a-\- m-£n-°p-Øp-≠mbn-√. \-√ hn-e hm-ßn-bm-bn-cp-∂p I-®-h-Sw. eo-Kp-Im-sc I-t®m-Sw ]Tn-∏nt°-≠. a-e-∏p-dw Pn-√-bpw A-d-_n-t°m-tf-Pp-I-fpw Im-en-°-‰v k¿-h-I-em-ime-bp-sam-∂pw tam-iw C-S-]m-Sm-bn-cp-∂n-√-t√m.- -G-Xp ]m¿-´n-bm-Wv tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-bn-Ø-Øn-epw ip-≤n-bn-epw B-Z¿-iØn-epw D-d-®p-\n-∂n-´p-≈-Xv? tI-{µ-Øn¬ C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-sb A-d-_n-°-Sen¬ h-en-s®-dn-bm≥ ]-c-°w ]m-™n-cp-∂ P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-°m¿ A-Sn-b-¥-cmh-ÿ-bv-°v ]n-∂m-se \-S-∂ B-Zy-sØ \n-b-a-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ˛1980¬-˛-tIm¨-{K- n-s\m-∏w \n-∂m-Wv a-’-cn-®-Xv. ap≥ P-\-kw-L-°m-cm-b P-\-X-°m¿ 1977˛¬ hn-a-X eo-Kn-\pw 1980˛¬ H-dn-Pn-\¬ eo-Kn-\pw thm-´p-IpØn-bn-´p-≠v. 1971˛¬ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dv Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ P-\-kw-L-sØ Np-a-ente-‰n-bn-cp-∂-Xv a-tX-X-c-cn¬ a-tX-X-c-cm-b tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-°m-cpw kwL-S-\m tIm¨-{K- p-Im-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- -B¿-°pw C-√m-Ø B-Z¿-i-hpw ip-≤n-bpw sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c-\pw hn.-F-kv. A-Nyp-Xm-\-µ-\pw D-≠m-I-W-sa-∂m-cpw Z-b-hp-sN-bv-Xv hm-in-]n-Sn-°-cp-Xv. XmXv-]-cy-kw-c-£-W-Øn-t≥-d-bpw km-[y-X-bp-tS-bpw Cu I-em-{]-I-S-\-Øn¬ A-h-cpw A-h-cp-sS ]-¶p-h-ln-°-s´. tam-l-ß-fpw {]-Xo-£-I-fpw sh-Sn-bm-\p≈ {]m-b-sam-∂pw A-h¿-°m-bn-´n-√-t√m. sF {Kq-∏pw kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw tN¿-∂p≈ `-c-Ww tI-c-f-Øn¬ km-[y-am-Wv." 2004 G-{]n-¬- 27 ˛ sa-bv- 3
27 tIm¨-{K-kv {Kq-∏v h-g-°v tIm¨-{K- n-se {Kq-∏v h-g-°n-\v B-i-b-]-c-am-b A¿-Y-ß-fp-s≠-∂v tIm¨{K- p-Im¿ t]m-epw A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-dn-√. ]-®-bm-b A-[n-Im-c-a-’-c-hpw "CtKm'bp-≤-ß-fp-am-Wv C-∂v {Kq-∏p-t]m-cn-ep-≈-Xv. 1969se ]n-f¿-∏n-\p ti-jw e-h-te-iw t]m-epw B-i-bmw-iw tIm¨-{K-kv {Kq-∏n-k-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-´n-√. F∂n-´pw kn.-]n.-Fw. t\-Xm-hv C.-sI.-\m-b-\m¿, tIm¨-{K-kv {Kq-∏v h-g-°v Bi-b-k-a-c-Øn-s≥-d X-e-Øn-te-°v D-b¿-∂-Xm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-®p. Xo-{h-h-e-Xp]-£-hpw A-Xn-s≥-d hn-cp-≤-hn-`m-K-hpw G-‰p-ap-´p-I-bm-Wv F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p At±-l-Øn-s≥-d \n-co-£-Ww.- -B-i-b-k-a-cw sIm-Sp-ºn-cn-s°m-≈p-∂ H-cp ]m¿-´n-bn¬ \n-∂p-sIm-≠v ]pd-tØ-°v t\m-°p-tºmƒ A-hn-sS-bpw B-i-b-k-a-cw Im-Wp-∂-Xv kzm-`m-hnIw am-{X-am-Wv. C.-sI.-\m-b-\m¿ ]m¿-´n ap-J-]-{X-Øn¬ tIm¨-{K- n¬ Bi-b-k-a-c-am-sW-∂v F-gp-Xn-sh-°p-tºmƒ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-em-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv cq£-am-bn \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv. ]m¿-´n _p-≤n-Po-hn ]n.-tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈, ]m¿´n-bp-sS H-∂mw-\-º¿ i-{Xp-hm-b ]-{X-ÿm-]-\-Øn-s≥-d km-ln-Xy-{]-kn-≤oI-c-W-hp-am-bn \-S-Øn-b A-`n-ap-J-Øn¬ ]m¿-´n-s°-Xn-cm-bn \-S-Øn-b I-S∂m-{I-a-Ww B-i-b-k-a-c-Øn-s≥-d B-gw sh-fn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.- -C.-Fw.-F-kv F-∂ hn-{K-lw ]n.-tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ A-Sn-®p-X-I¿-Øp F-∂ a´n-ep-≈ hn-hm-Z-Øn-s≥-d cq-]m-¥-cw b-Ym¿-Y-{]-iv-\-Øn¬ \n-∂v {i-≤-am-‰p∂p-≠v. ]n.-tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ C.-Fw.-F- n-s≥-d hn-iz-kv-Xm-\p-bm-bn B-bn-cp∂p. C.-Fw.-F-kv. Po-hn-®n-cp-∂ Im-e-tØm A-Xn-\p ti-jw t]m-ep-tam A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-Øn-s≥-d H-cp X-cn-ºpw tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ ]-c-ky-am-bn {]-I-Sn101
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ∏n-®n-´n-√. F-s¥-¶n-epw Im-cy-Øn¬ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b H-cp Nn-¥ sIm-≠p-hcm≥ tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ H-cn-°-se-¶n-epw {i-an-®-Xm-bn B¿-°p-a-dn-bn-√. s]-´-∂nt∏mƒ H-cp Dƒ-hn-fn D-≠m-Im≥ F-t¥ Im-c-Ww? - -A-°m-Z-an-I-X-e-Øn¬ C.-Fw.-F- n-s≥-d kw-`m-h-\-I-sf hn-e-bn-cp-Øm\pw hn-a¿-in-°m-\p-ap-≈ tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈-bp-sS A-h-Im-i-sØ B¿-°pw tNmZyw-sN-øm-\m-hn-√. ]m¿-´n-X-e-Øn¬ X-s∂ \-S-Øm-hp-∂ Im-cyw t]m-ep-amW-Xv. ]n.-tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ A-Xp am-{X-am-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv F-∂p I-cp-Xm≥ ]-‰n√. ]m¿-´n sa-º¿-am-cpw A-\p-`m-hn-I-fpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ h-en-b hn-`m-Kw P-\-ßsf B-i-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-s≥-d Np-gn-bn-te-°v h-en-s®-dn-bp-I-bm-Wv ]n.-tKm-hn-µ∏n-≈ sN-bv-X-Xv. ]m¿-´n ]-cn-]m-Sn, ]m¿-´n \-bw, ]m¿-´n t\-Xr-Xzw, kw-L-S\m-co-Xn, hn-izm-k-{]-am-Ww Xp-S-ßn ]m¿-´n F-¥n-s\-sb-√m-am-tWm \n-e-\nev-]n-\v B-[m-c-am-°p-∂-Xv, A-Xn-s\-sb-√mw H-‰-b-Sn-°v X-I¿-sØ-dn-bm-\m-Wv tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ A-dn-t™m A-dn-bm-sX-tbm {i-an-®-Xv. F-Xn-cm-fn-Iƒ ˛ 1964¬ th¿-]n-cn-™ kn.-]n.-sF.-°m¿ ap-X¬ Cu-bn-sS ]n-cn-™ hn.-_n.-sNdn-bm≥ ˛ \m-ep ]-Xn-‰m-t≠m f-am-bn \-S-Øn-b {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ G¬-∏n-®Xn-s\-°mƒ I-\-Ø B-Lm-X-am-Wv tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈ ]m¿-´n-bn¬ G¬-∏n-®-Xv. k-ao-]-Im-e-sØm-∂pw C-Xn¬-\n-∂v tam-Nn-X-am-Im≥ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\v I-gn-bn√.- -P-\m-[n-]-Xy tI-{µo-I-c-Ww F-∂v t]-cp-hn-fn-°p-∂ G-Im-[n-]-Xy kw-hn[m-\-Øn¬ \n-∂v kn.-]n.-Fw. C-Xp-h-sc tam-Nn-X-am-bn-´n-√. kz-X-{¥ Nn-¥bpw \n¿-`-b-am-b A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\-hpw kn.-]n.-F-Ωn¬ C-∂pw A-km-[y-amWv. 1990˛-\p-ti-jw tem-I-sa-ßp-ap-≈ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-Iƒ I-Sp-Ø tXmXn-ep-≈ B-i-b \-ho-I-c-W-߃-°pw Xn-cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ-°pw hn-t[-b-am-bn-´p≠v. I-\-Ø Xn-cn-®-Sn-I-fm-Wv I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n `-c-W-Øn-en-cp-∂ cm-Py-ßfn-ep-≠m-b-Xv. tkm-hn-b-‰v tªm-°v G-Xm-≠v A-{]-Xy-£-am-bn. In-g-°≥ bqtdm-]y≥ cm-Py-ß-fn-en-t∏mƒ t]-cn-\p-t]m-epw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-Iƒ A]q¿-h-am-Wv. No-\m-I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-\v kz-X-{¥ ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-te-°v h-en-b A-I-e-an-√. "[o-c'hn-b-‰v-\m-an¬ F-¥p \-S-°p-∂p F-∂v C-hn-sS C-t∏m-gm-cpw A-t\z-jn-°p-∂p-t]m-ep-an-√. I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bp-sS k¿-hm-[n-Im-cw am-{Xta A-hn-sS I-ayq-Wn-k-Øn-t≥-d-Xm-bn A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂p-≈q; A-ta-cn-°≥ D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fpw kw-kv-Im-c-hpw A-hn-sS hn-P-b-s°m-Sn \m-´n-°-gn-™p. A-tacn-°≥ ]-´m-fw hn-b-‰v-\mw-Im-sc Iq-´-s°m-e sN-bv-X {Km-a-߃ C-∂v A-tacn-°≥ "hm¿ sh-‰-d≥-kn's\-bpw Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ß-sf-bpw hn-t\m-Z-k-©m-cn-Isf-bpw ]p-©n-cn-tbm-sS kzo-I-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂v H-cp hn-b-‰v-\mw ]-{X-{]-h¿-ØI≥ ]-d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. h-S-°≥ sIm-dn-b \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv, sIm-dn-b-I-fpsS e-b-\w F-∂ B-i-bw sX-°≥ sIm-dn-b-°m¿-°v H-´pw C-jv-S-an-√m-Ø-XpsIm-≠p am-{X-am-Wv. Iyq-_ am-{Xw ho-gm-sX ]n-Sn-®p-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v. Im-kv102
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ t{Sm-bv-°p-ti-jw F-¥v F-∂v Iyq-_-°m¿-°v A-dn-bn-√.- -I-gn-™ Z-i-I-Øn-se in-Yn-eo-I-c-Ww B-i-b-cw-K-tØm {]m-tbm-Kn-I {]h¿-Ø-\-cw-K-tØm h-en-b ]-cn-°p-I-sfm-∂pw G¬-∏n-®n-´n-√m-Ø-Xv C-¥y-bnse I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-I-sf am-{X-am-sW-∂ Im-cyw hn-kv-a-cn-®p-Iq-Sm. tkmhn-b-‰v-˛-No-\ ]m-X-Iƒ D-t]-£n-®v H-cp-]m-Sv Im-cy-ß-fn¬ kz-¥w h-gn I-s≠Øm≥ C-hn-sS I-gn-™n-´p-≠v. C.-Fw.-F- n-\v au-en-I kw-`m-h-\-sbm-∂pw C-s√-∂pw sIm-√p-∂-sXm-gn-sI _m-°n Im-cy-ß-fn¬ Ãm-en≥-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p C.-Fw.-F-kv F-∂pw ]-d-bp-tºmƒ Cu cw-K-sØ kw-`m-h-\-Iƒ hn-kv-acn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.- -kn.-]n.-F-Ωn¬ B-i-b-k-a-cw A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. {]-Xy-b-im-{kv-Xw F-∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu \q-‰m-≠n-s≥-d sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\-cn-Sm≥ I-ayq-Wn-kw ]-cym-]v-Xam-tWm F-∂-Xp X-s∂-bm-Wv G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\-s∏-´ tNm-Zyw. h¿-K-k-a-cw \S-Øp-I, `-c-W-Iq-S-sØ hn-π-h-Øn-eq-sS am-‰p-I, sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K k¿-hm-[n]-Xyw ÿm-]n-°p-I, _q¿-jzm P-\m-[n-]-Xyw X-I¿-°p-I, D-Xv-]m-Z-t\m-]-I-cW-ß-fp-sS s]m-Xp-D-S-a-ÿ-X D-≠m-°p-I, tkm-jy-en-k-Øn-eq-sS I-ayq-Wnk-Øn-te-°p I-S-°p-I Xp-S-ßn-b A-Sn-ÿm-\ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv B-i-b-߃ Hs∂m-∂m-bn X-I¿-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. kn.-]n.-Fw ˛ kn.-]n.-sF I-£n-Iƒ Cu bmYm¿-Yyw Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bpw ]p-Xn-b sh-√p-hn-fn-I-sf t\-cn-Sm≥ ]p-Xn-b-hgn-Iƒ B-hn-jv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-tø-≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xn-s≥-d A-\n-hm-cy-am-b Bh-iy-I-X-bm-Wp B-i-b-k-a-cw.- -]-e h-gn-I-fn-te-°v ]m¿-´n ]n-Sn-®p-h-en-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. kn.-]n.-Fw t\-XrXz-hpw ]m¿-´n-\-b-ß-fpw dn-hn-j-\n-Ãv B-sW-∂p B-t£-]n-®v A-Xn-s\-Xnsc hn.-_n. sN-dn-bm-\pw Iq-´-cpw H-cp `m-K-Øv B-™-Sn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]m¿-´n-XØz-ß-fpw kn-≤m-¥-ß-fpw Im-e-Øn-s\m-Øv am-‰n-b-t∏m-sgm-s° dn-hn-j-\nkw F-∂ B-t£-]-ap-b¿-∂n-´p-≠v. k-am-[m-\-]-c-am-b ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-eqsS tkm-jy-en-kw \-S-∏m-°mw F-∂p ]-d-™-h¿-s°-Xn-sc-bm-W-t√m B-Zyw "dn-hn-j-\n-Ãv' B-t£-]-ap-b¿-∂-Xv. H-cp-]m-Sv Im-cy-߃ kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw kn.]n.-sF-bpw "dn-ssh-kv' sN-tø-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v. ]-t£, D-S-\o-fw ]-e-sc-bpw "dnhn-j-\n-Ãv' F-∂v B-t£-]n-®-Xp-sIm-≠v kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\p "A-sX R-߃ dnhn-j-\n-Ãp-Iƒ X-s∂-bm-Wp' F-∂p s\-©p-hn-cn-®pw X-e-D-b¿-Øn-bpw ]-dbm≥ I-gn-bp-∂n-√.- -]m¿-´n-sb \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂ F-√m I¬-Øq-Wp-I-fpw H-‰-b-Sn-°v X-´n-Ø-I¿°-e-√ B-i-b-k-a-cw. ]p-Xn-b Xq-Wp-Iƒ \n¿-an-®p-sIm-≠m-h-Ww ]-g-b-h Dt]-£n-t°-≠-Xv. C-S-Xp-]-£-Øn-s≥-d {]-k-‡n B-tKm-fo-I-c-W-Øn-s≥-d Cu \m-fp-I-fn¬ C-√m-Xm-hp-I-b-√, h¿-[n-°p-I-bm-Wp sN-øp-∂-Xv. ]-g-b s{Sbv-Uv bq-Wn-b≥ ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d-bpw tÃ-‰v ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s≥-d-bpw 103
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ]m-X D-t]-£n-®p-sIm-t≠ ]p-Xn-b-h-gn I-s≠-Øm-\m-hq. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°-I-Øv ip-≤-am-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hpw B-i-b-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw km-[y-am-bm-te B-i-b-\ho-I-c-W-hpw km-[y-am-hq. C-Xn-\p-≈ B-i-b-k-a-cw N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b A-\nhm-cy-X X-s∂-bm-Wv. A-Xp sN-øp-tºmƒ, hn-hm-Z A-`n-ap-J-Øn¬ ]n. tKmhn-µ-∏n-≈ a-s‰m-cp k-µ¿-`-Øn¬ ]-d-™-Xp-t]m-se "Ip-fn-sh-≈-tØm-sSm∏w Ip-™n-s\-bpw I-f-b-c-Xv'.-* 2002 Pq-em-bv- 6 ˛ 12
28 ]m¿-e-sa‚n-se-Øp-∂ k-º-∂¿ hn-am-\-ß-fn-se F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hv ¢m-kp-I-fn-epw ]-©-\-£-{X tlm-´¬-ap-dnI-fn-epw t_m¿-Uv-dq-ap-I-fn-epw Po-hn-Xw sN-e-hn-´p-t]m-∂ hn-P-bv a-√-ø F∂ tIm-So-iz-c≥, bm-{X-°m-c-s≥-d \-Sp-shm-Sn-°p-∂ I¿-Wm-S-I {Km-a ]m-XI-fn-eq-sS 600 In-tem-ao-‰¿ k-©-cn-®v Im-gv-N-Iƒ I-≠p. "Im-f-h-≠n-Iƒ-°p Iq-Sn C-Xp-h-gn k-©-cn-°m-\m-hn-√'˛-tdm-Up-I-fp-sS A-h-i-\n-e I-≠v A-º-c∂ a-√-ø ]-d-™p. sX-cp-thm-c-ß-fn-se tN-cn-Iƒ A-t±-l-sØ sR-´n-®p. ""t\m-°q.-.-.-.-a-\p-jy-cp-sS Ip-´n-I-fpw ]-∂n-°p-´n-I-fpw H-cp-an-®v A-Xm A-gp-°pIq-\-I-fn¬ I-b-dp-∂p''˛-ar-K-ß-sf-t∏m-se Po-hn-°p-∂ a-\p-jy¿. C-{X-sbm∂pw a-√-ø {]-Xo-£n-®-X-√.- -hn-t\m-Z-k-©m-cn-tbm sh-dpw Im-gv-N-°m-c-t\m B-bn-cp-∂n-√ a-√-ø. A-t±lw P-\-t\-Xm-hm-Wv. hy-h-km-b-cw-K-Øv t\-Sm-\p-≈-Xv t\-Sn-°-gn-™p. C-\n P-\-߃-°p th-≠n Nn-e-sX-√mw sN-øm≥ t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv a-√-ø ]-dbp-∂-Xv. ]-Xn-hv cm-{„o-b-co-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-®v A-t±-l-hpw Aw-_m-k-U¿ Im-dnem-Wv k-©-cn-t°-≠-Xv. a-√-ø ]-g-b-co-Xn-Iƒ ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂ B-f-√. A-t±-lw k-©-cn-°p-I sa¿-kn-U-kv s_≥-kv, S-tbm-´ em≥-Uv-{Iq-bv-k¿, an-‰v-kp-_njn F-∂n-h-bn-em-Wv-˛-sN-√p-t∂-S-sØ-√mw \-√ P-\-°q-´w a-√-ø-sb Im-Øp\n-ev-°p-∂p. a-√-ø-bv-°v P-\-ß-fn¬ {]-Xo-£-bp-≠v, P-\-߃-°v a-√-ø-bnepw.- -a-Zy-cm-Pm-hm-b a-√-ø cm-{„o-b-Øn¬ h-∂v A-[n-I-\mƒ I-gn-bpw-ap-sº C¥y≥ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ Aw-K-am-b-Xv ]-g-©≥ a-´n¬ Nn-¥n-°p-∂ \-Ω-fn¬ ]105
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ e-sc-bpw sR-´n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. a-√-ø F-∂ tIm-So-iz-c≥ hn-c-en-se-Æm-hp∂ thm-´p-Iƒ am-{Xw t\-Sn tXm-‰p-t]m-Ip-sa-∂m-Wv ]-c-º-cm-K-X cm-{„o-b⁄m-\w am-{X-ap-≈-h¿ I-cp-Xp-I. cm-Py-k-`-bn-te-°v ]-{Xn-I \-ev-In-b-Xv kzX-{¥ ÿm-\m¿-Yn B-bm-Wv. 224 Aw-K-k-`-bn¬ \n-∂v 4 t]-sc-bm-Wv Xn-cs™-Sp-t°-≠-Xv. tIm¨-{K- n-\v aq-∂p t]-sc P-bn-∏n-°mw. _n.-sP.-]n.-°v H-cm-tf-bpw. ]-e-hn-[ P-\-Xm-Z-fp-Iƒ Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂m-Wv a-√-ø-sb ]n-¥m-ßn-bncp-∂-Xv. a-Zyw I-gn-°-cp-sX-t∂ P-\-Xm-Zƒ `-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-≈q. aZy-cm-Pm-hn-s\ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-bm-°-cp-sX-∂v ]-d-bp-∂n-√. thm-s´-Æn-Øo¿-∂t∏mƒ a-√-ø I-gn-®p-≈-h-sc-√mw sR-´n. B-Zy-du-≠n¬ X-s∂ a-√-ø hn-P-bn®n-cn-°p-∂p. F-´p _n.-sP.-]n.-°m-cpw G-gp tIm¨-{K- p-Im-cpw thm-´-h-Imiw "hn-e'tb-dn-b-Xm-sW-∂ X-Øzw H-cn-°¬ Iq-Sn i-cn-sb-∂p sX-fn-bn-®v Im-ep-am-dn thm-´p-sN-bv-Xp. A-t\-Im-bn-cw tIm-Sn-I-fp-sS hy-h-km-b-km-{amPyw kz-{]-b-Xv-\-\-Øm¬ ÿm-]n-® a-√-ø-bv-°v C-¥y≥ ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn-seØm-\m-tWm {]-bm-kw! - -k-a-b-hpw k-ºm-Zy-hpw {]-tbm-P-\-{]-Z-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv \√ _n-kn-\- p-Im-c≥. cm-{„o-b-Øn¬ ]-cn-N-bw t]m-cm-™-Xp-sIm-≠v c≠pw a-√-ø Ip-td ]m-gm-°p-∂p-≠v. ]-e t]-cp-I-fn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ P-\-XmZ-fp-I-sf tbm-Pn-∏n-®v H-‰ ]m¿-´n-bm-°m≥ H-cp h¿-j-tØm-fw {]-h¿-Øn-®psh-∂-Xm-Wv ap-√-ø-bv-°p ]-‰n-b B-Zy-sØ A-°n-Sn. "P-\-X'I-sf tbm-Pn-∏n°p-∂-Xp-t]m-sem-cp hr-Ym-hym-bm-aw th-sd D-t≠m? H-cp h¿-j-Øn-\p-ti-ja-Xv A-t±-l-Øn-\p t_m-[y-s∏-´p. ]n-s∂-b-[n-Iw \n-∂n-√. Z-fp-Iƒ D-t]-£n®v A-t±-lw P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-bn-te-°p t]m-bn. tUm. kp-{_-“-Wy≥ kzm-an-bpsS H-cp t]m-°-‰v ]m¿-´n am-{X-am-Wn-sX-∂v C-t∏mƒ No-Ø-t∏-cp-≠m-hmw. AX-h-K-Wn-°m-hp-∂-tX D-≈q. P-\-Xm-Z-fp-Iƒ D-≠m-b-Xv ]n-∂o-Sm-Wv. P-b-{]Im-iv \m-cm-b-W-\pw sam-dm¿-Pn tZ-im-bn-bp-sa-√mw tN¿-∂v P-∑w \¬-In-b ]m¿-´n P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-bm-Wv. 1977˛¬ A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ A-h-km-\n-∏n-®-Xpw tI-{µ-Øn-se C-µn-cm cm-Pv X-I¿-Ø-Xpw P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-b-t√? a-√-ø F-ßs\-b-Xv a-d-°pw? - -P-\-Xm-]m¿-´n-bp-sS A-Jn-te-¥ym X-e-h-\m-Wn-t∏mƒ a-√-ø. X-s≥-d D-S-aÿ-X-bn-ep-≈ a-Zy-°-º-\n X-s≥-d km-∂n-[y-sam-∂p-an-√m-sX X-s∂ \-√ \ne-bn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≈p-sa-∂p a-√-ø-bv-°v hn-izm-k-ap-≠v. i-cn-bm-Wv. B-fp-Iƒ _n-b-dpw a-Zy-hpw I-gn-°p-∂-Xv a-√-ø A-hn-sS \n¬-∏p-t≠m F-∂v A-t\z-jn-®n-´-√-t√m. am-k-Øn¬ H-t∂m c-t≠m X-h-W t]m-bn I-W-s°ms°-sbm-∂p t\m-°n-bm¬ a-Xn. H-∂mw-In-S _n-kn-\-kv A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-‰¿am-sc i-º-f-Øn-\v sh-®n-´p-≠v. F-√mw A-h¿ t\m-°n-s°m-≈pw. cm-Pyw \∂m-°p-∂ _m-[y-X a-√-ø-bv-°v G-s‰-Sp-°m-hp-∂-tX D-≈q. 106
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -H-cp s]-´n-°-S-t]m-epw kz-¥-am-bn C-√m-sX sh-dpw "P-\-]n-¥p-W' sIm-≠v h-en-b B-fp-I-fm-bn \-S-°p-∂ N-{µ-_m-_p-\m-bn-Up-hn-s\ t]m-ep-≈-h-sc Ip-dn-®v a-√-ø-bv-°v ]p-—-ap-≠v. hy-‡n-]-c-am-b H-c-\p-`-hw A-t±-lw ]-{X-ßfp-am-bp-≈ A-`n-ap-J-ß-fn¬ B-h¿-Øn-®n-´p-≠v. a-√-ø sN-∂p Im-Wm≥ ]-eh-´w k-a-bw tNm-Zn-®n-´pw sh-dp-sam-cp ap-Jy-a-{¥n am-{X-am-b \m-bn-Up A-X\p-h-Zn-®n-√-s{X. cm-{„o-b-°m-cp-sS Cu ln-t∏m-{I-kn k-ln-°p-hm≥ ]-‰n-√. ap-X-em-fn-am-sc D-∑q-e-\w sN-øp-∂ ]o-∏nƒ-kv-hm¿ {Kq-∏p-Im-c-s\m-∂p-a-√-t√m N-{µ-_m-_p \m-bn-Up. Xm-s\m-cp a-Zy-hy-h-km-bn B-b-Xp-sIm-≠p am-{X-amWv, \m-bn-Up X-s∂ A-I-‰p-∂-sX-∂v a-√-ø I-cp-Xp-∂p. hn-im-J-]-´-W-Øp≈ X-s≥-d Ip-td ÿ-ew k¿-°m¿ ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Ø-Xn-s\ Ip-dn-®v kw-km-cn°m-\m-Wv a-√-ø \m-bn-Up-hn-s\ Im-Wm≥ k-a-bw tNm-Zn-®-Xv. B-bn-cw tImSn cq-] a-Zy-Øn-\p-≈ F-Iv-ssk-kv Xo-cp-h-bm-bn B-{‘ k¿-°m-dn-\v A-S-bv°p-∂ ÿm-]-\-Øn-s≥-d D-S-a-bm-Wv-a-√-ø. B ]-cn-K-W-\-t]m-epw A-t±-lØn-\p e-`n-®n-√. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-am-b-tXm-sS B A-\m-Ym-h-ÿ A-h-km-\n®p. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-sØ Im-Wm≥ \m-bn-Up a-Sn-Im-´n-√. t]m-cm-Ø-Xn-\p P-\Xm ]m¿-´n tZ-io-b t\m-Xm-hp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-t∏mƒ a-√-ø. Im-Wm-Xn-cn-°m≥ ]‰n-√.- -hn-P-b-a-√-ø-bp-tS-Xv, H-cp H-‰-s∏-´ hy-h-km-bn-bp-sS " In-dp-°m'sW-∂p ]d-™v X-≈n-°-f-bm≥ ]-‰n-√. ]-e kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw hy-h-km-b ÿm-]-\-߃ tkv-]m¨-k¿ sN-øp-∂ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Iƒ P-bn-®v cm-Py-k-`-bnse-Øp-∂-Xm-bn dn-t∏m¿-´p-≠v. k-am-Pv-hm-Zn ]m¿-´n-bp-sS A-a¿-kn-ßpw e-fnXv kq-cy-bpw G-sd {i-≤n-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈ Aw-K-ß-fm-Wv. {]-i-kv-X-scm-∂p-a-√mØ \n-c-h-[n hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ th-sd D-≠v. tI-c-f-Øn-epw H-cp F≥.-B¿.-sF. tIm-So-iz-c≥ C-Xn-\m-bn Pp-∫ X-bv-®n-cn-∏p-≠v. - -tZ-io-b ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS \-bß-sf-bpw \n-e-]m-Sp-I-sf-bpw ]n≥-hm-Xn-en-eq-sS kzm-[o-\n-t°-≠ K-Xn-tISm-Wv C-∂p hy-h-km-b {]-ap-J-∑m¿-°p-≈-Xv. C-¥y-bn-se ]m¿-´n-I-sf-√mw \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv C-h-cp-sS ]-Ww sIm-≠m-Wv. Aw-K-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v-h-cn-kwJy ]n-cn-®v ]m¿-´n \-S-Øm-s\m-∂pw C-°m-e-Øv I-gn-bp-I-bn-√. hy-h-km-bnI-fp-sS ]-Ww hm-ßp-sa-¶n-epw hy-h-km-bn-bp-am-bn ]-I¬-sh-fn-®-Øn¬ \memƒ Im¨-sI Iq-Sn-°m-Wm≥ t\-Xm-°ƒ X-øm-d-√. "tkm-jy-en-Ãv' Im-eL-´-Øn-s≥-d lm-Mv Hm-h-dm-W-Xv. hy-h-km-bn h¿-K-i-{Xp-hm-W-t√m.- -hy-h-km-bn-bp-sS Xm-ev-]-cy-hpw P-\-ß-fp-sS Xm-ev-]-cy-hpw ]-c-kv-]-c-hn-cp≤-ß-fm-bn I-cp-Xn-b Im-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. P-\-ß-fp-sS Xm-ev-]-cyw X-߃ kw-c-£n-°p-I-bm-sW-∂v cm-{„o-b-°m¿ A-h-Im-i-s∏-´p-t]m-∂p. D-ev-]-∂-ßfp-sS hn-e \n¿-W-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ K-Wy-kzm-[o-\w sN-ep-Øp-∂ \n-Ip-Xn \n¿W-bw, D-ev-]m-Z-\-Øn-\p-≈ sse-k≥-kv I-b-‰p-a-Xn-˛-C-d-°p-a-Xn A-\p-a-XnIƒ Xp-S-ßn F-√mw a-{¥n-am-cpw k¿-°m-dpw \n¿-W-bn-®n-cp-∂ Im-e-am-bn-cp107
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ ∂p A-Xv. hy-h-km-bw \-S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ A-\p-a-Xn h-f-sc kq-£n-®pw Btem-Nn-®pw am-{Xw A-\p-h-Zn-t°-≠ H-∂m-bn I-cp-Xn-t∏m-∂p. C-∂-X-√ ÿnXn. hy-h-km-bn-tb-bpw aq-e-[-\-tØ-bpw £-Wn-®p Iq-´n-s°m-≠p-h-cm≥ B\p-Iq-ey-ß-fp-sS ]-´n-I t]m-°-‰n-en-´m-Wv a-{¥n-am¿ hn-tZ-i-ß-fn-te-°v ]-d°p-∂-Xv. km-º-Øn-I B-\p-Iq-ey-߃ am-{X-ta C-Xp-h-sc-bm-bn hn-e-t]-iep-I-fn¬ Dƒ-s∏-´n-cp-∂p-≈p. `q-an, ssh-Zyp-Xn, sh-≈w, A-kw-kv-Ir-X h-kvXp, \n-Ip-Xn-bn-f-hp-Iƒ F-√m-‰n-epw _m¿-sK-bn-\n-ßv \-S-°p-∂p. an-°-hm-dpw F-√mw ku-P-\y-am-bn \¬-Ip-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p.- -Im-cy-߃ A-hn-Sw-sIm-≠v A-h-km-\n-°p-sa-∂p tXm-∂p-∂n-√.- -\-b-cq-]-h¬-°-c-W th-Zn-I-fn¬ hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ-°v th-≠-{X {]m-Xn-\n-[yap-t≠m? ]m¿-e-sa≥-dn¬ F-{X hy-h-km-bn-I-fp-≠v? a-{¥n-k-`-bn¬? tem-Isa-ßpw \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-hpw \-b-cq-]-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw aq-e-[-\ D-S-a-Iƒ G-s‰Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv. A-ta-cn-°-bn-se D-∂-X cm-{„o-b ÿm-\-ß-fn-epw I-Ωn-‰n-Ifn-ep-sa-√mw _-lp-cm-{„-°-º-\n-I-fp-sS D-∂-X-∑m¿ \n¿-Wm-b-I-am-b kzm-[o\w t\-Sn-°-gn-™p. C-\n C-hn-sS-bpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-f-[nI-hpw tIm¿-∏-td-‰v Hm-^o-kp-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-≈-h-cm-tb-°pw.-* 2005 Pq-em-bv- 13 ˛ 19
29 am-dm-Sv Iq-´-s°m-e am-dm-´v Iq-´-s°m-e \-S-∂-t∏mƒ `-b-t∂m-Sn-t∏m-b-h¿ C-t∏m-gpw A-`-bm¿-Yn Iym-ºp-I-fn-em-Wv. Xn-cn-®v kz-¥w ho-Sp-I-fn-te-°v a-S-ßm-\p-≈ A-h-cp-sS {iaw ln-µp-°ƒ ˛ {]-tXy-In-®v kv-{Xo-Iƒ ˛ _-e-am-bn X-S-bp-I-bm-Wv. G-Xv h¿-Ko-b I-em-]-sØ-bpw Iq-´-s°m-e-sb-bpw a-d-°m≥ \-ap-°v F-fp-∏w I-gnbpw. am-dm-Sn-s\ a-d-°m-Ø-Xv A-hn-sS F-´p t]¿ a-cn-®-Xp-sIm-≠-√. \q-dp-IW-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ-°v kz-¥w ho-Sp-I-fn-te-°v a-S-ßm≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv. a-S-ßp-∂-h-sc F-Xn¿-k-ap-Zm-b-°m¿ X-S-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. kz-¥w ho´n¬ t]m-Im-\p-≈ A-h-cp-sS au-en-Im-h-Im-iw kw-c-£n-°m≥ `-c-W-Iq-SØn-\v I-gn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. A-Xv km-[n-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ \-ap-°v amdm-Sn-s\ a-d-∂p, th-sd hn-hm-Z-߃ B-kz-Zn-®v I-gn-™p-Iq-Sm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ASp-Ø I-em-]w-˛-Iq-´-s°m-e-˛-\-S-°pw-h-sc am-dm-Sn-s\-°p-dn-®v an-≠m-Xn-cn-°mam-bn-cp-∂p.- -F-´p \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-sf Iq-´-tØm-sS sh-´n-s°m-∂-Xm-tWm, A-X-√ ap-∂qtdm-fw Ip-Spw-_-ß-sf kz-¥w ho-´n¬ I-b-dm≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°m-Ø-Xm-tWm hen-b {]-iv-\w? c-≠p-]-£-Øp \n-ev-°p-∂ h¿-Ko-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ Hm-tcm-∂n¬ apdp-sI ]n-Sn-°p-∂p. kn.-_n.-sF. A-t\z-j-Ww {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc k-am[m-\-{i-a-ß-fp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-°m≥ ln-µp-Xz-]-£-°m¿ X-øm-d-√. ap-…nw IpSpw-_-ß-fp-sS ]p-\-c-[n-hm-k-Øn-te ap-…nw kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°v Xm-Xv-]-cy-ap≈q. hn-Im-c-߃-°v Xo-sIm-fp-Øm≥ ]-‰n-b {]-iv-\-ß-fm-Wv Hm-tcm ]-£Øn-s≥-d-bpw ssI-h-i-ap-≈-Xv. A-Xp-]-tbm-Kn-®-h¿ ]-c-am-h-[n "ÿ-ew' ssI-b-S-°p-∂p-≠v. Im-en-∂-Sn-bn-se a-W¬ tNm-cp-∂-Xv X-S-bm≥ I-gn-bm-sX a-tX-X-c-]-£-°m¿ tI-c-f-Øn-s≥-d h¿-Ko-b {[p-ho-I-c-W-sØ \n- -lm-b-cm109
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bn t\m-°n-\n-ev-°p-∂p. ssI-bpw-sI-´n t\m-°n-\n-ev-°p-∂p F-∂p ]-d-™pIq-Sm. a-tX-X-c Ip-Spw-_-kw-K-aw (am-dm-´v H-gn-sI tI-c-f-Øn-se-√m-bn-S-Øpw), a-tX-X-c km-bm-” k-Xym-{K-lw, a-X-ku-lm¿-Z-dm-en Xp-S-ßn-b hm¿-Øm-[njvTn-X ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \-S-°p-∂p-≠v.- -tI-c-f-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ am-dm-Sv t]m-se a-s‰m-∂p D-≠m-bn-t´-bn-√. B-Zy-sØ am-dm-Sv kw-`-hw X-s∂ A-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. H-∂p-c-≠p a-Wn-°q-dp-Iƒ°-I-am-Wv A-©p-t]¿ a-cn-®p-ho-W-Xv. am-dm-Sv Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ I-S-tem-c kaq-l-ß-fp-sS ssZ-\w-Zn-\ Po-hn-X-Øn¬ X-s∂ B-{I-a-tWm-’p-I-X-bp-sS A-f-hv h-f-sc Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. D-]-Po-h-\-co-Xn X-s∂ A-ß-s\-bm-Wv. Po-h≥ ]-W-bw-sh-®v Zn-h-k-hpw I-S-en-t\m-Spw {]-Ir-Xn-tbm-Spw a-√n-Sp-∂-h¿-°v B{I-a-tWm-’p-I-X kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Wv. ]-t£, hn-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d hn-kv-t^m-S-\Øn-\p-ti-jw I-S¬-t]m-se A-h¿ im-¥-cm-tI-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. {]-tIm-]-\ß-fn-√m-sX, G-I-]-£o-b-am-b, B-kq-{Xn-X-am-b Iq-´-s°m-e am-dm-Sn-s≥-d-sb∂-√, tI-c-f-Øn-s≥-d X-s∂ a-\- n-\pw {]-Ir-X-Øn-\pw hn-cp-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. B-tcm Nn-e¿ A-Xv km-[n-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø-Xv {`m-¥-am-b h¿-Ko-b-X Ip-Øn-sh-®psIm-≠m-Wv. h¿-Ko-b-{`m-¥n-\v A-Sn-s∏-´ a-\p-jy-\v km-am-\y-_p-≤n, bp-‡nt_m-[w, Im-cy-Im-c-W _-‘w Xp-S-ßn-b am-\p-jn-I-am-b kn-≤n-Iƒ \-jv-Ss∏-Sp-I-bpw A-h≥ ar-K-Xp-ey-\m-hp-I-bpw sN-øpw. am-dm-Sv F-∂ hn-j-bw-Xs∂ c-≠p ]-£-Øp-ap-≈ sXm-Km-Un-b-am-cp-sS ]n-Sn-bn-sem-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-°-bmWv. km-[m-c-W-a-\p-jy-cm-bn Nn-¥n-°p-∂-h¿-°v A-tßm-´v {]-th-i-\-an-√. Ah¿-°v th-W-sa-¶n¬ ]p-d-Øv a-X-ku-lm¿-Z dm-en \-S-Ømw. am-dm-´p-Im¿ Ah-sc t\m-°n sIm-™-\w-Im-´p-I-bpw ap-´≥ sX-dn hn-fn-°p-I-bpw sN-øpw.- -am-dm-´v a-X-ku-lm¿-Zw ]p-\x-ÿm-]n-°-W-sa-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-ep-sam-cp X-am-i-bm-Wn-∂v. am-dm-´v C-t∏mƒ k-am-[m-\-ew-L-\-sam-∂p-an-√. Im-h¬ \n¬-°p-∂ t]m-eo-kp-Im¿ skm-d ]-d-t™m io-´p-I-fn-t®m k-a-bw sIm-√pI-bm-hpw. h¿-Ko-b-I-em-]w D-≠m-I-W-sa-¶n¬ c-≠p-Iq-´¿ th-t≠? H-cp-Iq-´tc A-hn-sS D-≈q. ln-µp-°-fm-b A-c-b-k-ap-Zm-b-°m¿ am-{Xw. A-h¿ B¿.F-kv.-F-kv-˛-hn.-F-®v.-]n. hn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d \n-b-{¥-W-Øn-em-Wv. H-scm-‰ am¿Iv-kn-Ãp-Im-c-t\m tIm¨-{K- p-Im-c-t\m A-c-b-k-am-P-Øn-e-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ps≠-∂v tXm-∂p-∂n-√. A-h-cp-sS \n¿-tZ-i-߃-°v h-g-ßm≥ Iq-´m-°m-Xn-cp∂ H-cp ln-µp-Ip-Spw-_w ap-kv-en-߃-s°m-∏w Hm-Sn c-£-s∏-´v A-`-bm¿-YnIym-ºn-em-Wv I-gn-bp-∂-sX-∂v ]-{X-dn-t∏m¿-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ln-µp-Xz kw-L-S\m-t\-Xr-Xz-am-Wv am-dm-´v B-cp h-c-W-sa-∂pw F-ß-s\ h-c-W-sa-∂pw Xo-cpam-\n-°p-∂-Xv. kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-cn-s≥-d ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-sem-∂m-b h-\n-Xm I-Ωo-j-\v A-hn-sS t]m-Im≥ X-s∂ I-gn-™n-√. B≥-d-Wn-k¿-°m¿ tI-c-fw `-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-hmw, ]-t£, am-dm-Sv `-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-d-∏v.110
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -F-¥p-sIm-≠v kw-ÿm-\ `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-\v t]m-eo-kn-s≥-d-bpw A¿-[ ssk-\n-I hn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d-bpw ]q¿-W-i-‡n D-]-tbm-Kn-®v am-dm-´v ap-kv-enw Ip-Spw-_-ß-sf ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-®p-Iq-Sm? tNm-Zn-°p-I F-fp-∏-am-Wv. H-cp-]t£, A-ß-s\ sN-øp-∂-Xp-t]m-epw F-fp-∏-am-bn-cn-°mw. ]-t£, t]m-eo-kns\ B-{i-bn-®v F-√m Im-e-tØ-°pw k-am-[m-\w D-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-bn-√. BXy-¥n-I-am-bn am-dm-s´ ap-kv-en-ß-fpw ln-µp-°-fpw X-s∂-bm-Wv A-h-cp-sS HØp-Xo¿-∏p-I-fpw sIm-Sp-°¬ hm-ß-ep-I-fpw \-S-tØ-≠-Xv. _-ew {]-tbm-Kn®p-≈ ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw {]m-tbm-Kn-I-a-s√-∂ k¿-°m¿ \n-e-]m-Sn-s\ ap-kv-enw P-\-X-bv-°n-S-bn¬ \ym-bo-I-cn-°m≥ ap-…nw eo-Kn-\v I-gn-bp-∂p-≠m-hn-√. _ew {]-tbm-Kn-®p-≈ ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw {]m-tbm-Kn-I-a-s√-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv A\n-tj-[y bm-Ym¿-Yyw.- -am-dm-´v ap-…nw `o-I-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ \-S-Øn-b B-{I-a-Ww tI-c-f-Øn-se-ºm-Spw {]-Xym-Lm-X-ap-≠m-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. t]m-eo-kv kzo-I-cn-® \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ th-≠{X {]-iw-kn-°-s∏-´n-s√-∂-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. tI-c-f-Øn-s≥-d `m-Ky-sa-∂p ]-d-bs´, Iq-´-s°m-e I-gn-™v ssh-Im-sX t]m-eo-kv F-Øn. A-c-b-k-am-P-°m¿°v Xn-cn-®-Sn-°m≥ k-a-bw In-´n-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ F-{X ap-…nw bp-hm-°ƒ, kv-{Xo-Iƒ, Ip-´n-Iƒ a-cn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p? F-¥m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xn-s≥-d {]Xym-Lm-Xw? ]-≈n-bn¬ kq-£n-® B-bp-[-ß-fpw A-hn-sS A-`-bw tX-Sn-b A-{I-an-I-sf-bpw ]n-Sn-°m-\m-bn. ]-≈n I-Ã-Un-bn-se-Sp-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ A-dp-]-Xp i-X-am-\w h-cp-∂ ln-µp-°-fp-sS hn-izm-kw \-jvS-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ C-S-tØm h-e-tØm \n-ev-°p-∂ H-cp `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-\pw I-gn-bpI-bn-√. t]m-eo-kv \-S-]-Sn ln-µp-°ƒ-°v A-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p F-∂p {]-N-cn∏n-®v ap-…nw P-\-X-sb ssI-bn-se-Sp-°m≥ F≥.-Un.-F-^v. Xp-S-ßn-b kw-LS-\-Iƒ In-W-™p {i-an-°p-∂p-≠v. ap-…nw eo-Kn-\v A-h-sc t\-cn-Sm-t\ I-gnbp-∂n-√. A-Wn-I-sf ]n-Sn-®p-\n¿-Øm≥ eo-Kv t\-Xr-Xz-hpw Xo-{h-hm-Zn-]-£tØ-°v Nm-bp-I-bm-Wv. kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d \-S-]-Sn-I-fpw A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc atX-X-c i-‡n-Iƒ \-S-Øp-∂ {]-Nm-c-W-hpw ap-…nw bp-hm-°-sf a-tX-X-c-]£-tØ-°-√, h¿-Ko-b-X-bp-sS ]-£-tØ-°m-Wv X-≈n-\o-°p-∂-Xv. kw-L-]cn-hm-dn-s≥-d Xo-{h-ln-µp-Xz-sØ-bpw ap-Jy-a-{¥n B≥-d-Wn-bp-sS ar-Zp-ln-µpXz-sØ-bpw t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xn¬ ap-…nw eo-Kn-s≥-d \-bw ]-cm-P-b-am-Wv. C-Xn¬ \n-cm-i-cm-b ap-…nw bp-hm-°ƒ F-tßm-´m-Wv \o-ßp-∂-Xv? H-cm-sf-¶n-epw atX-X-c-]-£-tØ-°v am-dp-∂p-t≠m? - -am-dm-s´ Iq-´-s°m-e-bm-fn-I-sf ap-…nw eo-Kv kw-c-£n-°p-I-bm-sW-∂pw AXn-\p th-≠n-bm-W-h¿ kn.-_n.-sF. A-t\z-j-W-sØ sN-dp-°p-∂-sX-∂pw D≈ {]-Nm-c-Ww kw-ÿm-\-sØm-´m-sI ln-µp-°-sf kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p-≠v. apØ-ß-bn¬ H-cp B-Zn-hm-kn-bpw t]m-eo-kp-Im-c-\pw a-cn-®-t∏mƒ kz-ta-[-bm kn.-_n.-sF. A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\v X-øm-dm-bn kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m¿. kw-ÿm-\111
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sØ ap-gp-h≥ h¿-Ko-b-I-em-]-Øn-te-°p h-en-s®-dn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂, kw-ÿm-\ N-cn-{X-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b Iq-´-s°m-e F-¥p-sIm-≠v kn.-_n.-sF.-°v At\z-jn-®p-Iq-Sm? am-dm-Sv ]p-\-c-[n-hm-kw ssh-Ip-∂-Xv ap-…nw Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fpsS kzm-[o-\w h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, kn.-_n.-sF. A-t\z-j-Ww ssh-Ip∂-Xv ln-µp-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS-bpw kzm-[o-\w h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. X-{¥-]q¿hw {]-iv-\-߃ ssI-Im-cyw sN-øp-∂ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-\v c-≠n-s\-bpw ]-c-kv-]cw _-‘n-∏n-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. ]p-\-c-[n-hm-k-hp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-®m¬ kn._n.-sF. A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\v k-∂-≤-am-Im-sa-∂v k¿-°m¿ Xp-d-∂p-]-d-™mepw A-]-I-S-an-√.* 2003 Pq-em-bv- 20 ˛ 26
30 tKm-[v-d Iq-´-s°m-e tKm-[v-d Iq-´-s°m-e-sb Xp-S¿-∂p-≈ {]-Xn-Im-c Iq-´-s°m-e-I-fn-sem-∂v C-∂v tem-I-{i-≤ B-I¿-jn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. h-tUm-Z-c-bn-se s_-Ãv t_-°-dn ap-…nß-fp-tS-Xm-Wv. 2003 am¿-®v H-∂n-\v Im-hn-s°m-Sn-I-tf-¥n, P-bv-{io-dmw Bt{Im-i-tØm-sS P-\-°q-´w t_-°-dn-°v Xo-sIm-fp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv 14 t]-cm-Wv. tI- n¬ 21 {]-Xn-I-fm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F-√m-h-tc-bpw tIm-SXn sh-dp-sX-hn-´p. km-£n-I-fm-cpw tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ {]-Xn-I-sf Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I-bp≠m-bn-√. k¿-°m¿ A-∏o¬ \¬-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Cu A-[ym-bw A-S-bpw.- -C-¥y-bn-en-Xv B-Zy-sØ kw-`-h-a-√. C-Xn-\-Iw e-£w tI-kn-se A-t\-Ie-£w Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ \n-b-a-Øn-s≥-d ]n-Sn-bn¬ \n-∂p c-£-s∏-´n-´p-≠m-Ipw. hn-Nm-c-W-bv-°n-S-bn¬ th-≠-{X sX-fn-hn-s√-¶n¬ {]-Xn-I-sf hn-´-b-bv-°m-t\ ]-‰q. A-Xv \ym-bo-I-cn-°p-∂ a-l-Øm-b \o-Xn-\ym-b th-Z-hm-Iyw \-ap-°v Ft∏mƒ th-W-sa-¶n-epw D-≤-cn-°m-\m-hpw. ""\q-dp Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ c-£-s∏-´m-epw H-cp \n-c-]-cm-[n-t]m-epw in-£n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm.-'' {]-Xn-I-sf sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-∂tXm-sS tIm-S-Xn tI- n-s≥-d A-[ym-bw A-S-bv-°p-∂p. {]-Xn-I-sf hn-´-b-®p I-gn-™m¬, A-t∏mƒ B-cm-Wv Ip-‰-Ir-Xyw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠m-hp-I F-∂ tNmZyw tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS-tbm Ip-‰m-t\z-j-W G-P≥-kn-bp-sS-tbm a-\x-km-£n-sb A-e-´m-dn-√. tI-k-t\z-j-W-Øn-se, hn-Nm-c-W-bn-se ]n-g-hp-Iƒ Xo¿-Øv bYm¿-Y Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf \n-b-a-Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ sIm-≠p-h-cm-\p-≈ {i-aw ]n-s∂ \-S-°m-dp-an-√. t{]m-kn-Iyq-j≥ ta¬-t°m-S-Xn-bn¬ A-∏o¬ \¬-In-bm-epw hn-Nm-c-W-tb ho-≠pw \-S-°m-dp-≈q. ]p-Xn-b H-cp G-P≥-kn-sb Ip-‰-a-‰ ]p\-c-t\z-j-W-Øn-\v \n-tbm-Kn-°m-td-bn-√. a-cn-®-h¿ a-cn-®p. A-h-s≥-d Ip-Spw_-Øn-\v \-jv-Sw. sIm-e-bm-fn \m-´n¬ s\-©p-hn-cn-®v \-S-°pw. F-s¥m-cp \o113
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ Xn, F-s¥m-cp \ym-bw.- ""b-Ym¿-Y Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-sc-∂p I-≠p-]n-Sn-t°-≠ Np-a-X-e k¿-°m-dn-t≥-d-XmWv, tIm-S-Xn-bp-tS-X-√. b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬ tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ sX-fn-hp-tIm-S-Xn-I-fmWv; \o-Xn-\ym-b-t°m-S-Xn-I-f-√ . s_-Ãv t_-°-dn tI- n-se {]-Xn-I-sf sh-dp-sX hn-´p-sIm-≠p-≈ hn-[n-\ymb-Øn¬ P-Uv-Pn F-®v.-bp. a-lzn-Z A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p. P-Ãn-kp-am-cpw No-^v PÃn-kp-am-cpw Pp-Uo-jy¬ kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s≥-d X-e-∏-Øn-cn-°p-∂ cm-Py-ØmWv tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ "tIm¿-Sv-kv Hm-^v P-Ãn-kv' A-s√-∂ hn-[n-\ym-bw D-≠m-bncn-°p-∂-Xv. \o-Xn-\ym-b kw-hn-[m-\w F-∂ t]-cv tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ A¿-ln-°p-∂ns√-∂pw P-Ãn-kp-am-sc-∂ hn-ti-j-Ww A¿-Y-iq-\y-am-sW-∂pw tIm-S-Xn-Xs∂ ]-tcm-£-am-bn ]-d-bp-tºmƒ \-ap-°v A-º-c-°m-t\ ]-‰q.- -Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ tI-k-t\z-j-W-Øn-s≥-d Np-°m≥ ]n-Sn-°p-∂ B-`y-¥-c-h-Ip∏n-s\ \n-b-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv I-em-]-Øn¬ {]-Xn-I-fm-tI-≠ {In-an-\-ep-I-fm-sW∂v Hm¿-°p-tºmƒ Cu Zp-c-¥w \-sΩ A-¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bn-√. Ip-‰-hm-fn-Isf I-s≠-tØ-≠-Xv k¿-°m-dn-s≥-d Np-a-X-e-bm-sW-∂v ]-d-bp-∂ tIm-S-Xn, k¿-°m¿ Cu Np-a-X-e \n¿-h-ln-®n-s√-¶n¬ tIm-S-Xn-sbv-°m-∂pw sN-øm≥ I-gn-bn-s√-∂v Xp-d-∂p-]-d-bp-I-bm-Wv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-Py-Øn-se \o-Xn-\ym-b kw-hn-[m-\w C-tXm-sS X-I¿-∂-Sn-bp-∂p. am¿-®v 1, 2003 ap-X¬ Kp-P-dm-Øn-epS-\o-fw \yq-\-]-£-߃-s°-Xn-sc B-{I-a-W-a-gn-®p-hn-Sm≥ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Inb-Xv hn.-F-®v.-]n.-bp-tS-bpw _n.-sP.-]n.-bp-tS-bpw {]-[m-\ {]-h¿-Ø-I-cm-Wv. Fw.-F¬.-F.-am-cpw a-{¥n-am¿ X-s∂-bpw sIm-e-bm-fn-kw-L-ß-sf \-bn-®-Xmbn dn-t∏m¿-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ^-e-Øn¬, C-¥y-bn¬ G-‰-hp-a-[n-Iw sIm-e-bmfn-I-fp-≈ {]-ÿm-\-am-Wv Kp-P-dm-Øn-se `-c-W-I-£n-bm-b _n.-sP.-]n. B-bnc-Øn-te-sd B-fp-I-sf-bm-Wv sh-´n-bpw I-Øn-®pw sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. B sIm-e-Iƒ \-S-Øn-b-h¿-X-s∂-bm-Wv kw-ÿm-\w `-cn-°p-∂-Xv. t]m-eo-kns\ A-h-cm-Wv \n-b-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv. t{]m-kn-Iyq-´¿-am-sc A-h-cm-Wv \n-b-an-°p∂-Xv. A-h¿-X-s∂ t{]m-kn-Iyq-´¿-am-cm-Ip-∂p. t{]m-kn-Iyq-´¿-am¿ sIm-e-bmfn-I-fp-sS ]-£w tN-cp-∂p. am-dm-Sv ln-µp-Iƒ a-cn-®-Xp-sIm-≠v kn.-_n.-sF. A-t\z-j-Ww th-Ww. Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ a-cn-®-Xv ap-…n-ß-fm-Wv. B-cpw kn.-_n.sF. A-t\z-j-Ww B-h-iy-s∏-´n-´n-√.- -s_-Ãv t_-°-dn Iq-´-s°m-e tI- n-se ap-Jy-km-£n k-lo-d l-_o-_p≈ ssj-Jv F-∂ ap-…nw bp-h-Xn-bpw Ip-Spw-_-Øn-se A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ Aw-K-ß-fpw sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf t]-sc-Sp-Øp ]-d-™v ]-e G-P≥-kn-Iƒ-°v sam-gn \¬-In-bn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. k-lo-d ]-t£, tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ ]-d-™-Xv Ip-‰-hmfn-I-sf X-\n-°v I-≠m-e-dn-bn-√ F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. F-√m {]-Xn-I-tf-bpw hn-´-bbv-°m≥ C-Xm-Wv Im-c-W-am-b-Xv. F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv k-lo-d tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ 114
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ sam-gn am-‰n-∏-d-™-sX-∂v k-lo-d-X-s∂ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. a-c-W-`-bw am-{Xam-Wv Im-c-Ww. B-bn-c-ß-sf Xo-sh-®v sIm-∂-h¿-°v k-lo-d-sb-°q-Sn sIm√p-I H-´pw hn-j-a-ap-≈ Im-cy-a-√. tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ sam-gn-\¬-Im≥ sN-√ptºmƒ _n.-sP.-]n. Fw.-F¬.-F. a-[p {io-hm-kv-X-h X-s∂ ]n-¥p¿-∂v `o-jWn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v k-lo-d ]n-∂o-Sv apw-ss_-bn¬ ]-{X-k-tΩf-\-Øn¬ ]-d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.- -\-tc-{µ-tam-Un-bp-tS-Xv, B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf \n-b-a-Øn-s≥d ]n-Sn-bn¬-\n-∂v c-£-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ {]-Xn-⁄m-_-≤-am-b `-c-W-am-Wv. s_-Ãv t_-°-dn tI- n¬ {]-Xn-I-sf tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS ap-∂n¬ F-Øn-°p-I-sb-¶n-epw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. a-‰p ]-e tI- p-I-fn-epw t\-cmw-h-Æw F-^v.-sF.-B¿. F-gp-XpI-t]m-ep-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√. cm-[n-Iv-]q-cn¬ 18 t]-sc sh-´n-s°m-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v bm-sXm-∂pw I-s≠-Øm≥ t]m-eo-kn-\v I-gn-™n-´n-√. kw-`-hw k-Xy-am-sW¶n-epw H-∂pw I-s≠-Øm-\m-bn-s√-∂v F-gp-Xn-sh-®v tI-k-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ Hcp-ßp-I-bm-Wv t]m-eo-kv. C-Xp-t]m-se F-{X-sb-{X tI-kp-Iƒ.- -\o-Xn-\ym-b \-S-Øn-∏v kw-_-‘n-®pw Ip-‰m-t\z-j-W G-P≥-kn-I-fp-sS {]h¿-Ø-\w kw-_-‘n-®pw h-f-sc Ku-c-h-ta-dn-b tNm-Zy-߃ s_-Ãv t_-°dn tI-kv D-∂-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. N¿-®m-hn-j-bw t]m-epw B-Im-sX \-Ωp-sS-sb√mw Hm¿-a-I-fn¬ \n-∂v A-{]-Xy-£-am-Im-dp-≈ "\o-Xn-\ym-b Zp-c-¥' I-Y-I-fpsS H-Sp-hn-e-sØ F-∏n-tkm-Uv am-{X-am-Wn-Xv. A≥-]-Xp h¿-j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ C-S-bv-°n-sS B-h¿-Øn-°m-dp-≈ h¿-Ko-b Iq-´-s°m-e-I-fn¬ B-sc-sb-¶n-epw in-£n-®n-´p-t≠m F-∂v C-Xp-h-sc B-cpw A-t\z-jn-®n-´p-t]m-epw D-≠m-hn-√. h¿-Ko-b Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°v c-£-s∏-Sm≥ _n.-sP.-]n.-sb-t∏m-sem-cp `-c-W-I£n-tbm \-tc-{µ-tam-Un-sb-t∏m-sem-cp ap-Jy-a-{¥n-tbm A-Xym-h-iy-sam-∂p-a√. 1970˛71 Im-e-Øv X-e-t»-cn-bn¬ \-S-∂-Xm-Wv tI-c-fw I-≠ B-Zy-sØ h≥ h¿-Ko-b I-em-]w. B-bn-c-߃ {]-Xn-I-fm-b \q-dp-I-W-°n-\p Xo-sh-∏v-˛B-{I-a-W-˛ sIm-≈-˛-h-[-{i-a tI-kp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F-{X-t]¿ in-£n-°s∏-´p? C-√. H-cm-sf-t∏m-epw in-£n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-√.- -A-sX, A-∂p a-tX-X-c I-£n-I-fp-sS `-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p tI-c-f-Øn¬! ** ** - -X-e-t»-cn-°-Sp-Øv sam-tI-cn-bn¬ bp.-]n. kv-Iq-fn-s≥-d ¢m-kv-ap-dn-bn¬ sIm®p-Ip-´n-Iƒ sR-´n-Ø-cn-®v A¿-[-t_m-[-tØm-sS t\m-°n-\n¬-s°-bm-Wv Ah-cp-sS A-[ym-]-I-\m-b sI.-Sn. P-b-Ir-jv-W-s\ sIm-e-bm-fn-Iƒ X-dn-®p-sIm∂-Xv. \m-ep-sIm-√w ap≥-]p \-S-∂ sIm-e-bp-sS hn-Nm-c-W tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ \-S115
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °p-I-bm-Wv. km-£n-Iƒ sIm-®p-Ip-´n-I-fm-Wv. P-b-Ir-jv-W-s≥-d k-lm-[ym]-I-cpw km-£n-I-fm-bp-≠v. bp-h-tam¿-® t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂p P-b-Ir-jv-W≥.- -sIm-®p-Ip-´n-Iƒ k-Xyw tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ ]-d-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥ sIm-e-bm-fn-I-fpsS k-Jm-°ƒ hn-Zy I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. km-£n-]-d-bp-∂-h¿-°v P-b-Ir-jv-Ws≥-d A-\p-`-h-ap-≠m-Ipw F-∂v sIm-e \-S-∂ ¢m-kv ap-dn-bp-sS t_m¿-Un¬ tNm-°p-sIm-≠v F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf B-tc-bpw I-≠n-√, A-dnbn-√ F-∂-Xn-\-∏p-dw ]-d-bm-\n-S-bp-≈ Ip-´n-I-fp-sS A-—-∑m-sc I-Øn-Im-´n, P-b-Ir-jv-W-s≥-d A-¥yw Hm¿-an-∏n-°p-hm≥ ]m¿-´n kw-hn-[m-\-ta¿-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-´p-≠v. sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf i-cn-°pw I-≠ H-cp k-lm-[ym-]-I≥ Xm-\m-tcbpw I-≠n-s√-∂pw ¢m-kv-ap-dn-bn¬ I-≠-Xv tNm-c-bm-tWm F-∂v D-d-∏n-s√∂pw tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ sam-gn \¬-In. sIm-e-sN-ø-s∏-´ P-b-Ir-jv-W≥ X-s≥-d bq-Wn-b-\n¬-s∏-´ A-[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂v C-t±-l-Øn-\v kz-bw \ym-boI-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-ømw. H-cp-]-t£, P-b-Ir-jv-W-s≥-d sIm-e-bm-fn-Iƒ hn-´-bbv-°-s∏-t´-°mw. ]m-\q-cn-em-bm-epw Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-bm-epw ^m-kn-k-Øn-\v Htc Om-b-bm-Wv.* 2004 Pq-em-bv- 27 ˛ B-K-kv-Xv- 2
31 a-c-hn-® \n¿-t±-i-I-X-Xz-߃ th-sd F-{X cm-Py-ß-fp-sS `-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ "\n¿-tZ-i-I-X-Øz-߃' D-s≠∂p A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm. A-[n-Iw cm-Py-ß-fn-ep-≠m-Im≥ h-gn-bn-√. G-sX-¶n-epw Nn-e X-Øz-߃ ]-c-a-{]-[m-\-ß-fm-sW-∂ tXm-∂-ep-≠m-hp-I, A-h \-S-∏m°m-\p-≈ \-s´-√p-≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°p-I, {]m-tbm-Kn-I-a-√m-Ø X-Øz-am-sW-∂p t_m-[y-s∏-´m-epw D-t]-£n-°m-\p-≈ k-Xy-k-‘-X D-≠m-hm-Xn-cn-°p-I-˛-Cuaq-∂p L-S-I-߃ H-Øp-tN-cp-tºm-gm-Wv "\n¿-tZ-i-I-X-Øzw' P-∑-sa-Sp-°p-I. A-\-¥-Im-e-tØ-°v B X-Øzw `-c-W-L-S-\-bv-°-I-Øv a-c-hn-®p-In-S-∂p-sIm≈pw.- -C-Xv "C-¥y≥ _p-≤n'bm-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv a-‰p cm-Py-ß-fp-sS `-c-W-L-S-\bn-ep-≠m-hm-\n-S-bn-s√-∂ tXm-∂¬ D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. a-[y-am¿-K-ß-fpw H-ØpXo¿-∏p-I-fpw D-≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]-t≠ "C-¥y≥ Po-\n-b-kv' tem-I-Øn-s≥-d Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\-Sn-bn-´p-≠v.- -\n¿-tZ-i-I-X-Øz-ß-fn¬ s]-Sp-Øn-b kn-≤m-¥-ß-fn¬ Nn-e-h C-S-bv-°n-sS hn-hm-Z-ß-fpw {]-t£m-`-ß-fp-ap-≠m-°n cm-{„o-b-s°m-Sp-¶m-‰p-b¿-Øpw. ^-esam-∂p-an-√. sIm-Sp-¶m-‰p-Iƒ A-Xn-th-Kw Zp¿-_-e-am-Ip-I-bpw cm-Pyw ]-Xn-hv {]m-c-_v-[-ß-fn-te-°v a-S-ßp-I-bpw F-√m-h-cpw A-Xv a-d-°p-I-bpw sN-øpw. C¥y-bv-°v H-cp s]m-Xp kn-hn¬ tIm-Uv D-≠m-I-W-sa-∂ X-Øzw A-ß-s\ CXm \q-s‰m-∂mw X-h-W cm-{„o-b-˛-km-ap-Zm-bn-I a-fi-e-ß-sf C-f-°n-a-dn-°p∂p. Ip-sd tIm-em-l-e-߃ D-≠m-°n-b-ti-jw C-Ø-h-W-bpw A-Xp sI-´-Sßp-sa-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ kw-i-bw th-≠.117
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -`-c-W-L-S-\ D-≠m-°p-∂ L-´-Øn¬ X-s∂ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ tIm-Uv kw-_-‘n-® hn-hm-Zw. "sk-Iyp-e¿' cm-{„-am-hm≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®-tXmsS a-X-\n-b-a-߃-°v F-¥p kw-`-hn-°p-sa-∂ B-i-¶ D-b¿-∂-Xm-Wv.- -ap-…nw hy-‡n-\n-b-a-Øn¬ C-S-s]-S-cp-sX-∂v H-cp `m-K-Øp-\n-∂pw s]m-Xpkn-hn¬ \n-b-aw th-W-sa-∂v a-dp-`m-K-Øp-\n-∂pw B-h-iy-ap-b¿-∂m¬ F-¥psN-øpw? hy-‡n-\n-b-aw am-‰m-sX s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ \n-b-aw km-[y-a-√-t√m. Cu ssh-X-c-Wn-bn-em-Wv tIm¨-{K-kv t\-Xr-Xz-hpw `-c-W-L-S-\m \n¿-am-Xm°-fpw s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ tIm-Uv F-∂ X-Øzw am¿-K-\n¿-tZ-i-I B-Z¿-i-ß-fpsS ]-´n-I-bn¬ s]-Sp-Øn X-e-bq-cn-b-Xv. A-Xv A-hn-sS In-S-∂p-sIm-≈p-sa-∂mbn-cp-∂p {]-Xo-£. ]-t£, F-t¥m A-sX-t∏m-gpw D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t\-‰p h-∂v tIm-em-l-e-ap-≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- -kzm-X-{¥y-e-_v-[n-bp-sS \m-fp-I-fn¬ \n-∂v C-¥y-bn-se km-ap-Zm-bn-Im-¥co-£w h-f-sc-sbm-∂pw sa-®-s∏-´n-´n-√. ]-e X-e-ß-fn-epw A-Xp tam-i-am-bn´p-≠p-Xm-\pw. \yq-\-]-£-tØm-Sv b-Ym¿-Y-am-b A-\p-`m-hw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p A°m-e-sØ tZ-io-b-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-\v. \yq-\-]-£-Øn-\v A-h-cn¬ hn-izm-k-hpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C-∂p \yq-\-]-£-a¿-Z-I-cm-bn A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv cm-Pyw `cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-h-cn¬ \yq-\-]-£-Øn-\v H-´pw hn-izm-k-an-√-Xm-\pw. F-∂m¬, A-∂-sØ A-{X \yq-\-]-£-Øn-\v C-∂v k-Ω¿-Z-ti-jn-bn-s√-∂-Xv a-s‰m-cp bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-Wv. a-tX-X-c t\-Xr-Xz-sØ i-‡n-Im-´n `-b-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ F-fp-∏am-Wv. s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ tIm-Un-\v F-Xn-sc F-°m-e-Øpw ap-…nw kw-L-S-\Iƒ ho-tdm-sS cw-K-Øp h-cm-dp-≠v. a-tX-X-c k¿-°m-dp-Iƒ A-Xp-I-≠p `-b∂p ]n≥-am-dm-dp-ap-≠v. \m-sf H-cp ln-µp-Xz-k¿-°m¿ s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ \n-b-aw sIm-≠p-h-cm≥ ap-Xn¿-∂m¬ ap-…nw kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°v h-en-b F-Xn¿-s∏m∂pw kw-L-Sn-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-I-bn-s√-∂-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. \yq-\-]-£ hn-`m-Kß-fp-sS F-Xn¿-∏v a-tX-X-c t\-Xr-Xz-ß-sf Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ, \yq-\]-£-Øn-s≥-d F-Xn¿-∏v "ln-µp-Xz' t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s≥-d P-\-]n-¥p-W h¿-[n-∏n°p-I-tb D-≈q.- -ap-…nw hy-‡n-\n-b-a-߃ ]-cn-jv-I-cn-°m-\pw Im-e-Øn-\p tbm-Pn-®-Xm-°m\pw ap-…nw-cm-{„-߃ X-s∂ {i-an-°m-dp-≠v. C-¥y sN-øm≥ A-d-®p-\n-∂ Im-cy-߃ ap-…nw cm-{„-߃ A-\m-bm-kw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. A-bq-_v-Jm-s≥-d Im-e-Øp-X-s∂ ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ hy-‡n-\n-b-a-ß-fn¬ ]-cn-jv-Im-c-߃ h-cpØn-bn-´p-≠v. D-e-am-°-fp-sS F-Xn¿-∏v h-I-sh-°m-sX 1962˛¬ sIm-≠p-h-∂ ]cn-jv-Im-c-߃ d-±m-°m≥ kn-bm-˛-Dƒ-˛-l-Jn-s≥-d `-c-W-Im-e-Øp-t]m-epw km[n-®n-´n-√. F-¥p-sIm-≠v C-Xp I-gn-bp-∂p? hn-`-P-\-tØm-sS, hn-Zym-k-º-∂-cmb ap-…nw a-[y-h¿-Kw C-¥y-bn¬ C-√m-Xm-bn. ]-cn-jv-Im-c-߃-°p th-≠n ap118
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ d-hn-fn Iq-´m-dp-≈-Xv a-[y-h¿-K-am-Wp F-hn-sS-bpw. D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ ap-…nw P-\X-bv-°n-S-bn¬ C-∂pw i-‡-am-b H-cp a-[y-h¿-Kw D-b¿-∂p-h-∂n-´n-√. D-b¿-∂ph-∂m¬ X-s∂ A-h-cp-sS i-–w Zp¿-_-e-am-Im-\m-Wp km-[y-X. A-{I-am-k‡-am-b ln-µp-Xzw cm-Py-`-c-Ww ssI-b-S-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ A-h¿ sN-øp-∂-sX-¥pw X-ß-sf \-in-∏n-°m-\p-≈ Kq-Vm-tem-N-\-bm-tb \yq-\-]£w Im-Wp-I-bp-≈p. tem-I-sØ-ßpw \yq-\-]-£w `q-cn-]-£-sØ B-i-¶tbm-sS-bm-Wp Im-Wp-∂-Xv. tIm¨-{K-kv `-c-W-Im-e-Øp-t]m-epw ln-µp-`q-cn]-£-sØ ap-…nw \yq-\-]-£w `-bm-i-¶-I-tfm-sS-bm-Wp ho-£n-®-Xv. ]m-Inkv-Xm-\n¬ Cu {]-iv-\-ß-fn-√. a-[y-h¿-Kw i-‡-am-Wp-Xm-\pw. C-t¥m-t\-jy ap-X¬ A¬-Po-cn-b h-sc-bp-≈ cm-Py-ß-fn¬ ap-…nw a-X-au-en-I hm-Z-Øn-s≥d k-ao-]-Im-e D-b¿-®-bv-°p ap-ºp-X-s∂ hy-‡n-\n-b-a ]-cn-jv-Im-c-߃ k-a{K-am-bn X-s∂ \-S-∏m-°n-bn-´p-≠v.- -C-¥y-bn¬ ap-…nw hy-‡n-\n-b-aw kw-_-‘n-® Hm-tcm hn-hm-Z-hpw ln-µp-˛ap-…nw _-‘-sØ-bpw C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-b-sØ-bpw \n¿-Wm-b-I-am-bn kzm-[o\n-°m-dp-≠v. k-ao-]-Im-e-sØ G-‰-hpw h-en-b h-gn-Øn-cn-hv jm-_m-t\m tI n-se hn-[n-bpw Xp-S¿-∂p-≠m-b \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-hpw B-bn-cp-∂p. i-co-˛-A-Xv hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc-∂p Nq-≠n-°m-´n-bm-Wv tIm-S-Xn-hn-[n-s°-Xn-sc ap-…nwkw-L-S-\-Iƒ {]-t£m-`-ap-b¿-Øn-b-Xpw cm-Po-hv k¿-°m-dn-s\-s°m-≠v _Z¬-\n-b-aw D-≠m-°n-®-Xpw. ln-µp h¿-Ko-b-i-‡n-I-sf C-Xp-t]m-se k-lmbn-® a-s‰m-cp kw-`-h-hpw k-ao-]-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ D-≠m-bn-´n-√. C-t∏mƒ \-S-°p∂ hn-hm-Z-Øn-s≥-d-bpw H-Sp-hn-e-sØ Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hv ln-µp-Xz-hm-Zn-Iƒ-Xs∂ B-bn-cn-°pw.- -s]m-Xp kn-hn¬-tIm-Uv cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d A-J-fi-X-bp-sS-bpw sF-Iy-Øns≥-d-bpw tZ-i-tkv-\-l-Øn-s≥-d-bpw {]-iv-\-am-bn A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m-\m-Wp lnµp-Xz-hm-Zn-Iƒ {i-an-°m-dp-≈-Xv. kn-hn¬ \n-b-a-Im-cy-Øn-em-bm-epw a-t‰-Xv cw-K-Øm-bm-epw \m-\m-Xz-hpw ssh-hn-[y-hpw sF-Iy-sØ X-I¿-°-W-sa-∂n√. `m-j-bn-epw th-j-Øn-epw a-X-Øn-epw Pm-Xn-bn-epw `-£-W-Øn-epw I-ebn-epw B-Nm-c-Øn-epw hn-izm-k-Øn-epw F-√mw D-≈ ssh-hn-[y-ß-tf-°mƒ h-ep-sXm-∂p-a-√ kn-hn¬ \n-b-a-ß-fn-se ssh-hn-[yw. ap-…nw hy-‡n-\n-b-a߃ k-a-{K-am-bn am-t‰-≠-Xv ap-…nw kv-{Xo-°v \o-Xn F-Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥th-≠n-bm-Wv; A-√m-sX \m-\m-Xz-߃ C-√m-Xm-°m-\-√.- -C-¥y-bn¬ X-s∂ ssZ-h-\n¿-an-X \n-b-a-ß-fp-sS ÿm-\-Øv H-t´-sd Im-cyß-fn¬ a-\p-jy-\n¿-an-X s]m-Xp-\n-b-a-߃ \q-‰m-≠p ap-ºp-X-s∂ \n-e-hn¬ h-∂n-´p-≠v. sF.-]n.-kn am-‰n-sh-®v ap-…n-߃-°v {In-an-\¬ Ip-‰-ß-fn¬ C-…man-I-in-£ \¬-I-W-sa-∂v B-cpw B-h-iy-s∏-Sm-dn-√-t√m. sX-fn-hp-\n-b-aw, hJ-^v \n-b-aw, kn-hn¬ hn-hm-l-\n-b-aw Xp-S-ßn \n-c-h-[n \n-b-a-߃ a-X-\n119
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ b-a-߃-°v ta-se {]m-_-ey-Øn¬ h-∂p-I-gn-™p. Ip-Spw-_w, kz-Ø-h-Imiw Xp-S-ßn F-√m ta-J-e-I-fn-epw, \mw C-jv-S-s∏-´m-epw C-s√-¶n-epw a-\p-jy\n¿-an-X \n-b-a-߃ {]m-_-ey-Øn¬ h-cn-I-X-s∂ sN-øpw, C-∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf.- -\n¿-tZ-i-I X-Øz-ß-fn-te-°v H-cp \n-an-jw a-S-ßn-h-cmw. s]m-Xp-kn-hn¬ \n-b-a-߃ t]m-ep-≈-h \n-›n-X Im-e-]-cn-[n-°-Iw \-S-∏n-em-°p-I-bpw \-S∏n-em-°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-h h-en-s®-dn-bp-I-bp-am-Wp \mw sN-tø-≠-Xv. h-cp-am\-Øn-se A-¥-cw C-√m-Xm-°p-sa-∂pw, kv-{Xo-˛-]p-cp-j k-a-Xzw D-≠m-°p-sa∂pw k-º-Øn-s≥-d-bpw D-ev-]m-Z-t\m-]-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS-bpw tI-{µo-I-c-Ww A\p-h-Zn-°n-s√-∂pw Xp-ey-tPm-en-°v Xp-ey-th-X-\w D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂pw _m-e-the C-√m-Xm-°p-sa-∂pw sXm-gn¬ A-h-Im-i-am-°p-sa-∂pw hy-h-km-b am-t\-Pvsa≥-dn¬ sXm-gn-em-fn ]-¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≠m-°p-sa-∂p-sa-√mw \n¿-tZ-i-I X-Øzß-fn-ep-≠v. C-t∏mƒ-Ø-s∂ C-Xp hm-bn-°p-tºmƒ Ip-´n-Iƒ-°p Nn-cn-h-cpw. A-©p-h¿-jw Iq-Sn I-gn-™m-tem? * 2002 B-K-kv-Xv- 10 ˛ 16
32 Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-∂m¬ a-cn-°p-∂ ]m¿-´n H-cp hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-bn-te-°v Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-Øn-hn-´m¬ A-Xn-\v hf¿-®-b-√ ssi-Yn-ey-am-Wv kw-`-hn-°p-I F-∂v s{]m-^. Fw.-F≥. hn-P-b≥ ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v \¬-Ip-∂-Xv kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s≥-d k-ao-]-Im-e ssi-Yn-ey-߃ a-\ n¬-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. kn.-]n.-Fw. H-cp hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-bm-sW-∂pw A-Xn\-I-tØ-°v Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-Øm≥ ]n. tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈-tb-bpw tUm. tXm-a-kv sF-k-°n-t\-bpw-t]m-ep-≈ "tkm-jy¬ U-tam-{Im-‰p-Iƒ' {i-an-°pI-bm-sW-∂pw A-h¿ kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s\ ssi-Yn-ey-Øn-te-°m-Wv \-bn-°p-∂sX-∂p-am-Wv hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ ]-d-™-Xn-s≥-d A¿-Yw.- "C≥-Izn-em-_v kn-µm-_m-Zv' F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw C-t∏m-gpw D-t]-£n-®n-´n-√mØ-Xp-sIm-≠v kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-s\ hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-sb-∂v hn-fn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \-ap°v hn-tcm-[-ap-≠m-hm≥ ]m-Sn-√. A-Xn-e-∏p-dw hn-π-h-sam-∂pw kn.-]n.-F-Ωn¬ C-t∏mƒ A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂n-√. hn-π-h-ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw hn-fn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ _-lp-`qcn-]-£-hpw hn-π-h-sØ-°p-dn-®v A-_-≤-Øn¬-t]m-epw Nn-¥n-°m-Ø-h-cm-Wv. sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-Kw hn-π-hw \-S-Øn `-c-W-Iq-Sw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dnt®m sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K k¿-hm-[n-]-Xyw ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-t®m ]m¿-´nbp-sS a-kv-Xn-jv-I-Øn¬ H-cp \n-an-jm¿-[-Øn¬-t]m-epw Nn-¥ D-≠m-Im-dp-an√. hn-π-h-Øn-\v ti-jw sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K ]m¿-´n-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ h-cp∂ P-\-Io-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy `-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®pw B ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-L-´-Øn-se cm-jv-{So-b hy-h-ÿ-sb-°p-dn-®p-sa-√mw ]m¿-´n ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-s≠¶n-epw ]m¿-e-sa-t≥-d-X-c-am-b am¿-K-Øn-eq-sS, hn-π-h-Øn-eq-sS `-c-Ww ]n-Sn121
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ °p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v A-Xn¬ ]-d-bp-t∂ C-√.- -sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-K Xm-Xv-]-cy-hpw A-[zm-\n-°p-∂ h¿-K-Øn-s≥-d cm-jv-{So-bhpw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-∂ ]m¿-´n-bm-Wv kn.-]n.-Fw. F-∂v k-Ω-Xn-°mw. A-Xne-∏p-dw, hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-ep-≈ "hy-Xy-kv-X-X' C-∂v C-¥y-bnse-∂-√ H-cn-S-Øpw I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°n-√. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ km-bp[ hn-π-h-Øn-\v ]-S-b-Wn H-cp-°n-sb-Sp-°p-∂ hn-π-h-∏m¿-´n-I-sf-t∏m-se kn.]n.-F-Ωn-te-°v Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-°m-sX hm-Xm-b-\-߃ ap-gp-h≥ sIm´n-b-S-tbv-°-≠ Im-cy-hp-an-√. Ãm-en-\n-Ãv F-∂v H-Sp-hn-en-t∏mƒ ]n. tKm-hn-µ∏n-≈-h-sc hn-fn-°p-∂ C.-Fw.-F-kv.-t]m-epw 1990˛-\p-ti-j-sa-¶n-epw {i-an-®pt]m-∂n-´p-≈-Xv ]m¿-´n-°-I-Øv Ip-d-s®-¶n-epw-˛-Ip-d-®p am-{Xw-˛-Im-‰pw sh-fn-®hpw sIm-≠p-h-cm-\m-Wv. hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ tNm-Zyw sN-øp-∂-Xpw C-Xn-s\-Øs∂-bm-Wv.- -kn.-]n.-F-Ωn-\-I-Øv, ]n. tKm-hn-µ-∏n-≈-bp-sS hn-hm-Z-am-b, `m-jm-t]m-jnWn A-`n-ap-J-sØ-Øp-S¿-∂v B-i-b-k-a-cw A-Xn-th-Kw i-‡n-{]m-]n-°p-Ibm-Wv. ]p-d-Øv hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ G-Xm-≠v G-I-\m-bm-Wv ]m¿-´n-°-I-sØ "au-en-I-hm-Zn' hn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d h-‡m-hm-bn cw-K-Øp-h-∂n-´p-≈-Xv. G-‰-hpw H-Sp-hn¬, ]m¿-´n-°v ]p-d-Øp-\n¬-°p-∂ a-s‰m-cp km-ln-Xy-{]-h¿-Ø-I-\m-b F-kv. kp-[o-jp-am-bn tN¿-∂v {]-kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ "]mTw' am-kn-I-bp-sS BK-kv-Xv 2003 e-°-Øn¬ hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ X-s≥-d cm-jv-{So-b \n-e-]m-Sv Im-hymfl-I-am-b `m-j-bn¬ hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. km-ln-Xy-kr-jv-Sn-t]m-se B-kz-Zn-°s∏-Sp-sa-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v C-Xn-se B-i-b-]-c-am-b Iq-c-ºp-I-fpw sh-Sn-bp-≠-Ifpw Nn-e-t∏mƒ ]m¿-´n-sb t\m-hn-°p-∂-h-b-s√-∂v I-cp-Xp-∂p-≠m-hmw. ]m¿´n-tb-°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ ]m¿-´n-`-‡n-bm-Wv, ]m¿-´n-°v ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂p-sIm-≠v hnP-b≥-am-ÿ {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. H-tc-k-a-bw "tZ-im-`n-am-\n'bp-tS-bpw ]m¿-´n t\-Xr-Xz-sØ A-Xn-cq-£-am-bn B-{I-an-°p-∂ "]mT'Øn-t≥-d-bpw ]-{Xm-[n-]cm-bn C-cn-°m≥ hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ-°v I-gn-bp-∂p F-∂-Xv ]m¿-´n-bn¬ Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-°m≥ ]m-Sn-s√-∂ \n-e-]m-Sp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-Sp-Øn th-Ww Im-Wm≥.- -hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ tNm-Zyw sN-øp-∂ "P-\m-[n-]-Xy'h¬-°-c-W-Øn-s≥-d H-cp Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hv A-t±-lw-X-s∂-bm-Wv. hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-bn¬ Ip-d-®v Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-t∂m-s´ F-∂p I-cp-Xn-bm-Wv ap≥-]v Xm-bm-´v i-¶-c-t\-bpw ]n∂o-Sv Fw.-F≥. hn-P-b-t\-bpw ]m¿-´n {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s≥-d ]-{Xm-[n-]-cm°n-b-Xv. "hn-π-h'{]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s≥-d ]-{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn ]m¿-´n-°v ]p-d-Øp≈ Nn-¥-I≥ h-∂p-Iq-Sm F-∂v hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ ]-d-bp-I-bn-√. ]m¿-´n-bp-sS "Po-h-im-{kv-Xw' F-∂-Xn-\v ]m¿-´n-{]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s≥-d ]-{Xm-[n-]¿ ]m¿´n-hn-cp-≤ {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-s≥-d-Iq-Sn ]-{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-°q-Sm F-∂p-Iq-Sn 122
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ A¿-Y-an-t√? - "H-cp-ßn-b H-cp B¿-an H-cp kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv. A-Xn-s≥-d kw-L-S-\m-X-Øzw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-a-√. H-cp hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-bn¬, H-fn-t∏m¿ kw-L-S-\-bn¬ P-\m[n-]-Xy-Øn-\v ]-cn-an-Xn-I-fp-≠v' F-∂v hn-P-b≥-am-ÿ ]-d-bp-tºmƒ A-Xn-\v A¿-Yw kn.-]n.-Fw. "H-cp-ßn-b B¿-an' B-sW-∂m-Wv. kn.-]n.-Fw. hn-π-h-kwL-S-\-bm-Wv F-∂m-Wv. H-fn-t∏m¿ kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv F-∂m-Wv. hn-P-b≥-amÿ-°v B-{K-l-Nn-¥-I-fp-sS A-Xn-k-Ω¿-Zw sIm-≠p-≠m-Ip-∂ H-cp ÿ-e-Pe-hn-{`m-¥n am-{X-am-Wn-Xv. kn.-]n.-Fw. C-sXm-∂p-a-√ F-∂v G-Xv sIm-®p-Ip-´n°p-a-dn-bmw. hn-π-h-Øn-s\m-cp-ßn-b H-cp B¿-an-tbm H-fn-t∏m¿ kw-L-S-\tbm A-√ kn.-]n.-Fw. a-t‰-sXm-cp cm-jv-{So-b-]m¿-´n-tb-bpw t]m-se Po¿-W-X _m-[n-® H-cp I-£n-am-{X-am-W-Xv. F.-sI. B≥-d-Wn-sb Xm-sg-bn-d-°n sI. I-cp-Wm-I-c-s\ A-[n-Im-c-Øn-te-‰n-bm¬ em-`-tam \-jv-S-tam F-∂v ]-Øp-hnc-epw-sIm-≠v F-Æn-Øn-´-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ H-cp ]m¿-´n-bm-W-Xv. hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb Cd-°n tkm-Wn-bm-Km-‘n-sb A-[n-Im-c-Øn-te-dm≥ k-lm-bn-®m¬ ^m-kn-kØn-s≥-d F-s√m-Sn-°mw F-∂v Nn-¥n-°p-∂ H-cp ]m¿-´n-bm-W-Xv. ]m¿-e-sa≥d-dn hym-tam-l-ß-fp-sS B-g-ß-fn¬ ]-Xn-®n-cn-°-bm-Wv ]m¿-´n F-∂v t\-XrXzw-X-s∂ ]-e-t∏mƒ hn-e-bn-cp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. A-Ø-c-sam-cp ]m¿-´n-bn¬ P-\m[n-]-Xy-Øn-s≥-d ip-≤-hm-bp-Iq-Sn D-≠m-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ F-¥m-bn-cn-°pw A-hÿ? - -hn-P-b≥-am-Ã-dp-sS \o-≠ {]-`m-j-W-ß-fn¬ H-cp ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-ap≥-]v I-ayq-Wn-Ãv tem-I-sØ B-™-Sn-°p-I-bpw X-In-Sw a-dn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-X kw-`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v ]-cm-a¿-iw D-≠m-Im-dn-√. A-º-Xp-I-fn-tem Adp-]-Xp-I-fn-tem I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-sb A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-øm≥, k¿-°m¿ tIm-tf-Pn¬ A-[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v am-ÿ-°v I-gn-™n-cn-°n-√. Ime-Øn-\v A-{X-bpw ]n-∂n¬ \n¬-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-hpw h¿-K-t_m-[-sØ-°pdn-®pw hn-π-h-sØ-°p-dn-®pw A-t±-l-Øn-\v ]m¿-´n-t\-Xm-°-sf-°mƒ ]m¿-´n-`‡n-tbm-sS kw-km-cn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xv.- -]m¿-´n-°-I-Øv Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-°-cp-sX-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xn-s≥-d A¿Yw, \q-dv ]q-°ƒ ]m¿-´n-°p-≈n¬ hn-cn-bm≥ ]m-Sn-√ F-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. hyXy-kv-X-am-b B-i-b-߃ kz-X-{¥-hpw k-ar-≤-hp-am-bn G-‰p-ap-´n-bm-Wv ]m¿´n-b-Wn-Iƒ i-cn-bpw sX-‰pw Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I F-∂v Ãm-en-\n-Ãv Im-e-Øp-t]mepw X-Øz-Øn¬ k-Ω-Xn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. B-bp-[-sa-Sp-Øv hn-π-h-Øn-\n-d-ßn∏p-d-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ am-{X-am-Wv ]m¿-´n F-√m B-i-b N¿-®-bpw \n¿-Øn Im-‰pw sh-fn-®-hpw I-S-Øn-hn-Sm-sX D-≈p-d-∏n-®p-\n¿-Øp-I. I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n C-Xm hn-π-h-a-Sp-Øp-t]m-bn F-∂v B-Zyw sX-‰n-≤-cn-®pw ]n-s∂ kz-bw sX-‰n-≤-cn∏n-®pw F-∂pw hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ A-S-®n-´p. hn-π-h-ap-≠m-b C-S-ß-fn¬ {]-Xn-hn-π123
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ h-sØ `-b-∂m-Wv hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ A-S-®n-´-Xv. ^-ew, c-≠n-S-Øpw {I-ta-W ]m¿´n a-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- -C-\n-sb-¥v F-∂ N¿-® sXm-Æq-dp-I-fp-sS A-h-km-\w-X-s∂ tem-I-sa-ßpap-≈ I-ayq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n-I-fn¬ D-b¿-∂p-h-∂n-cp-∂p. C-Xpw C-hn-sS ssh-Inbm-Wv F-Øp-∂-Xv. I-ayq-Wn-Ãv am-\n-s^-tÃm D-≠m-b 1848˛¬-\n-∂p-sIm-≠v Cu Im-e-sØ Im-Wp-∂-h-cp-≠v F-∂m-Wv ]p-Xn-b hn-hm-Zw Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv. ÿn-Xn-k-a-Xz-Øn-s≥-d F-√m X-Øz-ß-fpw sh-Sn-™v \m-Sn-s\m-∏w \-Sp-th Hm-Sm≥ sh-ºp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v. am-dn-b tem-I-sØ h-kv-Xp-\n-jvT-am-bn hn-e-bn-cpØp-∂-Xn-epw X-߃ \n¬-t°-≠ C-Sw I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn-epw I-ayq-Wn-ÃpIm¿ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-∂v C-Xv hy-‡-am-°p-∂p.-* 2005 B-K-kv-Xv- 17 ˛ 23
I-em-]-Im-e-sØ \o-Xn-\ym-bw H-cm-sf sIm-∂-Xn-\v A-©p-t]-sc Xq-°n-s°m-√p-∂-Xv F-¥p \o-Xn-bm-sW∂ tNm-Zyw X-e-t»-cn tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS hn-[n-°p-ti-jw D-b-cp-I-bp-≠m-bn. cmjv-{So-b-°m-cp-sS ]-Xn-hp k-a-hm-Iy-Øn-\-∏p-d-ap-≈-Xm-Wv tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS \oXn. X-e-t»-cn-bn¬ ap-∏-Xp sIm-√-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ \q-‰-º-Xn-te-sd a-\p-jy-sc sh-´n-bpw Ip-Øn-bpw sIm-∂-Xn-\v tIm-S-Xn H-cm-sf-t∏m-epw h-[-in-£-bv-°v hn-[n-®n-cp-∂n-√-t√m F-∂ tNm-Zyw B-cpw D-b¿-Øn-bn-√. \q-‰-º-Xn-te-sd-t∏sc sIm-∂-Xn-\v F-{X-t]¿-°v X-S-hp-in-£-sb-¶n-epw e-`n-®n-´p-≠v? Xm-sg tIm-S-Xn-I-fp-sS in-£-sb-°p-dn-t® I-W-°p-I-fp-≈q. F-{X tI- p-Iƒ A-∏oen¬ hn-´p-t]m-bn? F-{X sIm-e-bm-fn-Iƒ in-£-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p-≠v? ]-g-b XØzw X-s∂-bm-Wv B-h¿-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. H-cp \n-c-]-cm-[n-t]m-epw in-£n°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ 99 Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf-bpw sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-∂p.- -bp-h-tam¿-® t\-Xm-hv P-b-Ir-jv-W-s\ kv-Iq-fn¬ ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°ptºmƒ sh-´n-s°m-∂ tI-kn¬ in-£n-°-s∏-´-h-sc kn.-]n.-Fw. X-≈n-∏-d-bp∂n-√. {]-Xn-Iƒ-s°m-∏w ]m¿-´n D-d-®p-\n¬-°p-∂p. in-£n-°-s∏-´-h¿ \n-c-]cm-[n-I-fm-sW-∂v C-t∏mƒ Zp¿-_-e kz-c-Øn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. A-h¿ X-s∂bm-Wv sIm-e \-S-Øn-b-sX-∂v tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-tbm-sS hy-‡-am-b ti-j-hpw \n-c-]-cm-[n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®v ]-d-bp-∂-Xn¬ H-c¿-Y-hp-an-s√-∂p ]m¿-´n-°-dn-bmw. A-{]-Xo-£n-X-am-bn H-tc-‰p-ap-´-en¬ D-≠m-b a-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ P-b-Ir-jv-Wt≥-d-Xv. ]m¿-´n Xo-cp-am-\n-®-Xm-Wv P-b-Ir-jv-W-s≥-d h-[w. sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf ]m¿-´n \n-tbm-Kn-®-Xp-am-Wv. ]n-s∂-sb-ß-s\ sIm-e-tb-bpw sIm-e-bm-fn-Itf-bpw X-≈n-∏-d-bpw? 125
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ - -]m¿-´n-°p-th-≠n sIm-e \-S-Øp-∂-Xv H-cp ]p-Wy-I¿-a-am-sW-∂ a-t\m-`mhw h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw kw-L-]-cn-hm-dp-Im-cpw X-e-t»cn-bn-epw ]-cn-k-c-Øpw ap-∏-Xp h¿-j-am-bn sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. i-cnsX-‰p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ Nn-¥-tb ]m¿-´n-°m-cp-sS X-e-bn¬ C-√m-Xm-°m≥ t\Xr-Xz-߃-°p I-gn-™n-´p-≠v. c-‡w \¬-In Po-h≥ \¬-In t\-cn-tS-≠ h¿K-i-{Xp-hm-bn F-Xn¿-]m¿-´n-°m-sc Nn-{Xo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv ]m¿-´n. `m-c-X bp-≤-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se [¿-a-bp-≤-Øn-em-Wp X-ß-sf-∂v AwK-ß-sf-bpw A-\p-bm-bn-I-sf-bpw t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ B¿.-F-kv.-F- pw {ian-®p-t]m-∂p. bp-≤-Øn¬ i-cn-sX-‰p-I-fn-√-t√m. ho-Sp-I-fn¬ I-b-dn A-—-\-Ωam-cp-sS I¨-ap≥-]n¬ sh-®v F-{X a-°-sf C-cp-Iq-´-cpw sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n. F{X A-—-∑m-sc a-°-fp-sS I¨-ap≥-]n¬ B-™m-™p sh-´n-s°m-∂p. I-ø-d∏v Xo¿-∂-h¿-°v sIm-®p-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS ap-∂n¬ A-[ym-]-I-s\ sh-´n-s°m-√m\m-tWm a-Sn? t\-Xr-Xz-߃ \-S-Øp-∂ a-kv-Xn-jv-I-{]-£m-f-\w a-\p-jy-s\ G-sX-√mw co-Xn-bn¬ am-‰n-a-dn-°p-sa-∂-Xn-\p tem-I-Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ sh-°mhp-∂ D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv X-e-t»-cn. "I-≠o-j≥' sN-ø-s∏-´ a-\- n-\v F-¥pw sN-øm-\m-hpw, F-ß-s\-bpw Nn-¥n-°m-\m-hpw.- -¢m-kv ap-dn-bn-se sIm-e-sb tI-c-f-Øn-se C-S-Xp-]-£ _p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fm-cpw A-]-e-]n-®n-√. A-[ym-]-I kw-L-S-\-Iƒ t]m-epw s\-©n¬ ssI-sh-®v Cu {Iq-c-X-sb X-≈n-∏-d-™n-√. F-√m sIm-e-]m-X-I-ß-fpw {Iq-c-ß-fm-Wv. a-cn-®h-t\m-sS-∂-Xn-te-sd Po-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂ _-‘p-°-tfm-Sv sN-øp-∂ {Iq-c-X-bm-WXv. s]-s´-∂p-≠m-Ip-∂ hn-Im-c {]-I-S-\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ a-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bpw {Iq-c-am-b sIm-e-bm-bn-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv \n-b-aw Im-Wp-∂-Xv. ]-t£, F-√m sIm-e-bm-fn-Iƒ-°pw h-[-in-£ hn-[n-°m-dn-√. A-]q¿-h-ß-fn¬ A-]q¿-h-ßfm-b sIm-e-I-fn-em-Wv h-[-in-£ hn-[n-°m-dp-≈-Xv. P-b-Ir-jv-W≥ h-[w "A]q¿-h-ß-fn¬ A-]q¿-hw' X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. in-£-Iƒ {]-Xn-I-tfm-Sp-≈, sIm-e-bm-fn-I-tfm-Sp-≈ {]-Xn-Im-c-ß-f-√. A-h k-aq-l-Øn-\p-≈ k-tµ-i-ßfm-Wv, am-Xr-I-I-fm-Wv. \n-b-a-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ h-[-in-£ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ Im-etØm-fw C-Ø-c-sam-cp tI- n¬ h-[-in-£ hn-[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-X-s∂ sN-øpw. h[-in-£ \n-b-a-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \n-∂pw \o-°w-sN-ø-s∏-tS-≠-X-t√ F-∂ h-en-b tNm-Zyw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v. h-[-in-£ hn-[n-°p-∂-Xpw H-Sp-hn¬ Xq-°ns°m-√p-∂-Xpw c-≠v hy-Xy-kv-X kw-K-Xn-Iƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv. cm-jv-{So-b t\-XrXzw kr-jv-Sn-® A-‘-X-bpw {]-Xn-Im-c-t_m-[-hpw B-Wv A-h-sc {Iq-c-am-b sIm-e-]m-X-I-Øn-te-°v \-bn®-Xv. {]-Xn-Iƒ h-[-in-£ A¿-ln-°p-∂p F-∂p ]-d-bp-tºmƒ X-s∂, {]-XnIƒ am-{X-a-√ Ip-‰-°m-sc-∂p-Iq-Sn Im-tW-≠-Xp-≠v. C-\n cm-jv-{So-b sIm-e]m-X-I-߃ \-S-Øp-I-bn-√ F-∂p cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xr-Xz-߃ {]-Xn-⁄-sb-Sp°p-I-bpw P-\-߃-°v B D-d-∏p \¬-Ip-I-bpw sN-øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ {]-Xn-I126
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ fp-sS h-[-in-£ \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv \n¿-Øn-sh-°m≥ cm-jv-{S-]-Xn-°v D-Ø-c-hnSm-hp-∂-tX D-≈q. B-h¿-Øn-®v ]-d-b-s´, h-[-in-£ X-e-t»-cn-s°m-e-I-fp-sS am-Xr-I-bn-ep-≈ {]-Xn-Im-c-ß-f-√. A-©p-t]-sc Xq-°n-s°m-∂m¬ ]n-∂o-Sv cm-jv-{So-b sIm-e-Iƒ D-≠m-hp-I-bn-√ F-∂p-d-∏n-°m≥ ]-‰p-I-bp-an-√. Xq-°ns°m-√m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ A-ß-s\ D-d-∏n-°m-\m-hp-sa-¶n¬ A-Xm-Wv A-`n-Im-ayw.- -X-e-t»-cn-bn-te-Xp t]m-e-sØ km-l-N-cy-ß-fn¬ \o-Xn-\ym-b \n¿-h-lWw A-km-[y-am-hp-∂p. A-km-[y-am-°m-\m-Wp C-cp-]-£-sØ-bpw I-em-]Im-cn-Iƒ {i-an-°p-∂-Xpw. {]-Xn-Iƒ in-£n-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m-\m-Wv sIm-ebm-fn-I-fp-sS ]m¿-´n-Iƒ {i-an-®p-t]m-∂-Xv. km-£n-]-d-bm≥ B-sf In-´m-sX tI-kn-s≥-d hn-Nm-c-W ap-S-ßp-∂p. h-cp-∂ km-£n-Iƒ `-b-∂p Iq-dp-am-dp-∂p. sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf Nq-≠n-°m-´n sIm-Sp-Ø-Xn-s≥-d t]-cn¬ sIm-e-sN-ø-s∏Sm≥ B¿-°m-Wv B-{K-lw? sIm-e-bm-fn-sb I-≠-h≥ tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ sN-∂p km-£n ]-d-bp-∂n-√. km-£n ]-d-bp-∂-h≥ sIm-e-bm-fn-sb I-≠-h-\p-a-√. km-£n-Iƒ kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. A-Xo-h {i-≤-tbm-sS-bpw ssh-Z-Kv-[ytØm-sS-bpw kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ km-£n-sam-gn-I-fn-eq-sS B-sc-bpw sIm-ebm-fn-bm-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-°m≥ cm-jv-{So-b ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°p I-gn-bpw. Ip-‰-a-‰ co-Xnbn¬ sX-fn-hp-Iƒ \n-c-Øm-\p-≈ ssh-Z-Kv-Zv-[y-hpw A-h¿-°p-≠v. F-∂n-´pw {]-Xn-Iƒ in-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. P-b-Ir-jv-W≥ h-[-Øn¬ km-£n-Iƒ ¢mkn-se sIm-®p Ip-´n-I-fm-b-Xp-sIm-≠v, A-h-bv-°v G-sd hn-izm-ky-X-bp-≠mbn.- -H-cp P-b-Ir-jv-W≥ h-[-tØ-°mƒ B-bn-cw a-S-ßv cq-£-X-bp-≈ Iq-´-s°m-e-I-fm-Wv Kp-P-dm-Øn-se h¿-Ko-b I-em-]-Øn-\n-S-bn-ep-≠m-b-Xv. h¿-Ko-b-am-bn {[p-ho-I-cn-® H-cp k-aq-l-Øn¬ h¿-Ko-b I-em-]-t°- p-I-fn¬ km-£n-]-d-bm≥ B-sc-sb-¶n-epw In-´p-tam? A-hn-sS \o-Xn-\ym-bw a-cn-°p∂p. k-Xy-k-‘-am-bn km-£n-]-d-bm≥ ap-Xn¿-∂m¬ sIm-e-sN-ø-s∏-Spw F∂v km-£n-Iƒ-°v D-d-∏m-Wv. A-Ø-cw L-´-ß-fn-em-Wv s_-Ãv t_-°-dn Iq´-s°m-e t]m-ep-≈ tI-kp-I-fn¬ {]-Xn-I-sf sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-∂-Xv. s_-Ãv t_-°-dn tI-kn¬ {]-Xn-I-sf sh-dp-sX hn-´-Xn-s\ hn-a¿-in-°p-∂ kn.-]n.Fw.-, P-b-Ir-jv-W≥ tI-kn¬ {]-Xn-I-sf in-£n-®-Xn-\p tIm-S-Xn-sb hn-a¿in-°p-∂p. P-Uv-Pn-sb t]-sc-Sp-Øp-]-d-™v `o-j-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy߃ ap-g-°m≥ A-h¿-°p a-Sn-bp-≠m-bn-√.- -km-{am-Py-Xz-hn-cp-≤ k-a-c-Im-e-Øv sIm-e-°p-‰-߃ B-tcm-]n-®v hn-Nm-c-W sN-ø-s∏-´ [o-c-tZ-im-`n-am-\n-I-tfm-sSm-∏w \m-S≥ sIm-e-bm-fn-I-sf D-b¿-Øn°m-´m-\p-≈ {i-a-hpw kn.-]n.-F-Ωpw A-Xn-s≥-d am-[y-a-ß-fpw \-S-Øn. kzm-X{¥y t]m-cm-fn-I-tfm-Sv C-Xn-\-∏p-d-sam-cp {Iq-c-X Im-´m-\n-√. km-£n-Iƒ-s°Xn-sc D-b¿-Øp-∂ `o-j-Wn tI-kv hn-Nm-c-W sN-øp-∂ P-Uv-Pn-sbv-°-Xn-sc127
Ipsd cmjvv-{So-b hn-Nm-c-W-IÄ bpw D-b¿-Øn-s°m-≠p h-cm-\p-≈ {i-aw hn-P-bn-®m¬ tI-c-fw Kp-P-dm-Øn-t\°mƒ Im-iv-ao-cn-t\-°mƒ A-[x-]-Xn-°pw. X-e-t»-cn-bn¬ C-∂v sN-øp-∂-Xv \m-sf tI-c-f-Øn-se-ßpw sN-øpw. kn.-]n.-Fw. C-∂p sN-øp-∂-Xv \m-sf a-‰p≈-h-cpw sN-øpw.- -P-\m-[n-]-Xy k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d F-√m \-∑-I-sf-bpw \-in-∏n-°m-\p-≈ cm-jv{So-b \o-°-ß-sf F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv I-Æq-cn-\p ]p-d-Øp-≈-h-cpw \n-»-–-ambpw \n- w-K-X-tbm-sS-bpw I-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂-sX-∂v hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ {]-bmk-ap-≠v. ^m-kn-Ãv cm-jv-{So-bw {Km-a-{Km-am-¥-c-ß-fn¬ F-¥p {]-Xym-Lm-Xam-Wv D-≠m-°p-I F-∂v ]m-\q-cn-se ]m¿-´n {Km-a-߃ I-≠-h¿-°v a-\- n-emhpw. {]m-No-\ i-{Xp-tKm-{X-ß-fn-te-Xn-t\-°mƒ {Iq-c-hpw {]m-Ir-X-hpw B-Wv A-hn-S-ß-fn-se Po-hn-Xw. \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°v ]n-d-In-te-°v P-\-ß-sf h-en-®psIm-≠p t]m-hp-∂-h¿ ]p-tcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-I-sf-∂pw hn-π-h-Im-cn-I-sf-∂pw Xß-sf kz-bw hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-s≠-∂-Xm-Wv Cu Zp-c-¥-߃-°p-an-S-bn-se X-am-i.- * 2003 k-]v-Xw-_¿- 14 ˛- 20