Glacier National Park by Marcelo Ferreira

2011 - Summer Guide to Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park Glacier National Park Visitor Guide included inside

Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of Canada’s National Park Service A hundred years ago, the Canadian government created the first national park service in the world. Now Parks Canada is celebrating its 100th birthday. As the first commissioner of the National Parks of Canada, J. B. Harkin is known to many as “the Father of Canada’s National Parks.” He developed the idea of conservation in Canada, established standards for preservation, created a centralized agency to administer the parks and helped draft the National Parks Act of 1930. Harkin promoted conservation as well as enjoyment of the parks, encouraging visitors to experience their surroundings.

Commissioner Harkin also played a role, alongside Horace Albright, U.S. Parks Service Director, in the creation of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. Both supported joining the two parks as a symbol of permanent peace and friendship. They persevered through a fifteen year-long construction effort to connect the two parks via the Chief Mountain International Highway, which is still in use by travelers today. Harkin’s descriptions of WatertonGlacier International Peace Park still remain true for today’s visitors. “Glacier National Park in Montana and Waterton Lakes National Park in Alberta are peculiarly adapted for the purpose of an international park. Situated side by side and complementary to each other, the

parks encompass a region of the Rocky Mountain range of surpassing beauty and charm, and together, constitute a playground of exceptional attraction from the tourist standpoint. Without impairing the autonomous rights of either country in respect to administrative matters, the union in spirit of the two parks should prove a powerful force for continued good will and sound understanding between the people of the North American continent who, although separate and distinct, have many aspirations in common.“ National Parks of Canada, Report of the Commissioner, J.B. Harkin, 1933.

the earthy fragrance of an evergreen forest, paddle along rocky lakeshores, escape to the solitude of the backcountry, cycle a scenic pathway or trail, admire vistas from a mountain lookout, watch birds soar and wildlife roam, think back to the events of the past and come celebrate as we take our first steps into our second century.

So, as you explore these fragile landscapes, unwind around a crackling campfire, discover the magic of nature through storytelling and exhibits, inhale

Aquatic Invasive Species Threaten Park Waters! Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park is dominated by large fjord-like glacial lakes. For many visitors they are a primary destination. Boating, fishing, or just plain hanging out on the shore and skipping rocks consume many a relaxing hour and are the stuff of magical memories. We need your help to keep it that way. On the surface things look fine, but in the past stocking of non-native fish changed the ecosystems of most park lakes. These

Permit Regulations Glacier

• A permit is required to launch any motorized or trailered watercraft in Glacier National Park. Hand propelled water craft and passive flotation devices such as float tubes will not require a permit. • Between Memorial Day and Labor Day, permits will be available 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. at Park Headquarters, in West Glacier, and between 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. at the St. Mary Visitor Center, Two Medicine Ranger Station, Polebridge Entrance Station, and the Many Glacier Ranger Station. Boaters planning on early morning or late evening trips need to plan accordingly. • A new permit will be required upon each entry into the park. A boat may launch multiple times provided the boat does not leave the park between launches. • A full inspection will be required for each permit. Inspections may take upwards of 30 minutes. Boaters should plan on additional time for inspections.

fish out compete native species for food and habitat. We need to prevent additional non-native species of animals or plants from accidentally being introduced, because each small change effects the overall health of park waters. Now there is a new and serious threat. Imagine a future where going to your favorite rock-skipping beach, you find the shoreline matted with tens of thousands of small mussel shells, with everything cemented together in a sharp, smelly STOP AQUATIC HITCHHIKERS!

• To qualify for a permit, boats must be clean, drained and thoroughly dry (including bilge areas and livewells) on inspection. • Boats with internal ballast tanks or other enclosed compartments that exchange water with the environment, that cannot be readily opened and fully inspected are prohibited within Glacier National Park. • Boats that fail to pass the inspection will be denied a permit. Boaters may re-apply for a permit after the boat is thoroughly cleaned, drained and dried. • Boats found with certain infestations of aquatic invasive species may be quarantined until they can be fully decontaminated. Depending on the infestation, this may take up to 30 days. • Boaters on Waterton Lake must comply with permit and inspection requirements of Waterton Lakes National Park

mess. Imagine once productive fisheries wiped out by these new invaders. It’s not science fiction, impacts are already occurring in waters in the Great Lakes, eastern provinces and states, the prairies and plains, and more recently in the southwest United States. Since the 1980’s freshwater zebra and quagga mussels have steadily advanced westward, presumably transported on trailered boats. In February of this year a mussel-carrying boat was intercepted at

a marina on Flathead Lake. The boat had come from the southwest. Flathead Lake is just downstream from Glacier. Protecting the waters of the Peace Park requires immediate action, both by the parks and by every boater. This summer Glacier National Park will step up its boat inspection and permit program, and Waterton Lakes National Park will begin inspecting and permitting boats as well. Please help protect park lakes!

Permit Regulations

STOP AQUATIC HITCHHIKERS!

Waterton Lakes

• A permit is required to launch any motorized or trailered boats in Waterton Lakes National Park. Hand propelled boats like canoes or rowboats and flotation devices such as float tubes do not require a permit. • To obtain the permit you will be asked a few short questions to ensure that the boat has not been in waters where quagga mussels are present. • Gate staff are required to stop all vehicles towing boats to ensure that they have a permit, or to provide a permit if they do not have one. • The permits are free and are available at the park gate, the visitor reception centre, the administration office, and campground kiosks. The permits are valid for the entire season as long as the boat has not been launched in any waters where quagga mussels are thought to be present.

• If the boat has been operated in waters of concern, then a free boat inspection is required prior to issuing a permit to ensure that the boat does not carry any invasive species. • If the inspection indicates the boat is contaminated, then it will not be permitted to launch and must be decontaminated and re-inspected before a permit will be issued.

Quagga mussel encrusted motor

NPS Photo

Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park

World’s First International Peace Park

International Peace Park Hike

In 1932, Waterton Lakes National Park and Glacier National Park were officially joined together as Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. The Peace Park celebrates the peace and goodwill existing along the world’s longest undefended border, as well as a spirit of cooperation which is reflected in wildlife and vegetation management, search and rescue programs, and joint interpretive programs, brochures, and exhibits.

Join us in celebrating our 79th year of friendship and cooperative management by participating in an International Peace Park Hike. These special hikes are held every Wednesday and Saturday, beginning June 29, and throughout July and August. Starting at 10 a.m. from the Bertha Lake trailhead in Waterton Lakes National Park, this 13 km (8 mi) hike along Upper Waterton Lake is jointly led by a Glacier Park Ranger and a Waterton Park Interpreter. Learn about Waterton-Glacier’s three international designations and take part in a peace & friendship ceremony as you cross the International Boundary on your way to Goat Haunt in Glacier National Park, Montana. Return to Waterton via boat.

Waterton‑Glacier International Peace Park became a World Heritage Site in 1995 ‑ for its scenic values, its significant climate, landforms and ecological processes, and abundant diversity of wildlife and wildflowers.

A fee is charged for the return boat trip and advance reservations are recommended. The boat will have you back to the dock in Waterton by 6:30 p.m. Each hike is limited to 35 people, so you must pre-register at either the visitor Centre in Waterton (403-8595133) or at the St. Mary visitor Center (406-732-7750) in Glacier. Reservations are only accepted for the next scheduled hike (open on Saturday for Wednesday hikes; open on Wednesday for Saturday hikes). Come prepared with a lunch, water, rain gear, jacket, hat. Wear sturdy footwear. The trail is not difficult, but you will be hiking most of the day. Bring money for the boat. Pets are not permitted.

Cruising down Waterton Lake on the “International”

David Restivo

“Hands across the border” ceremony

Jeff Yee

The International

David Restivo

Discover Our Neighbors’ Cultural Heritage This area holds special appeal for visitors interested in the culture of indigenous peoples. Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park lies just west of the Kainai and Piikani Reserves in Canada and borders the Blackfeet Reservation in the United States. People of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, southwest of the park, also have a close association with the park. Take the time to learn about our neighbors. Nearby in Browning, Montana, the Museum of the Plains Indian features fascinating exhibits and Native American

handcrafts as sales items. The museum is open daily from June through September. Also in Browning, North American Indian Days, the second weekend in July, is a large celebration of Native American culture that includes a parade, traditional dress, and dancing. Visitors are always welcome. Northeast of Waterton, early plains culture is dramatically displayed at Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump World Heritage Site. This site is open seven days a week in summer. Phone 403-553-2731 for further information.

Akamina-Kishinena Provincial Park Akamina Kishinena Provincial Park is located in the southeast corner of the British Columbia and borders both Waterton Lakes and Glacier National Parks. High spacious alpine ridges, deep secluded valleys and windswept passes provide habitat and connectivity to the last self-sustaining grizzly bear population in the United States. Exposed alpine ridges, southern latitude and southern exposure provide winter range for goats and big horn sheep. The trails and passes of the AkaminaKishinena used today to cross the axis of the continent, were established and used for many years by the early people’s and wildlife travelling between the Flathead Basin and the abundant Great Plains.

Fireweed

David Restivo

Akamina Kishinena is a wilderness area, without supplies or equipment of any kind. All arrangements for supplies and transportation must be made beforehand.

The People’s Center and Native Ed-Ventures, for the preservation of Kootenai and Salish Culture, are located near Pablo, Montana. The Center provides educational opportunities, full-day and half-day interpretive tours of the Flathead Indian Reservation, a museum collection, and gift shop. Open daily throughout the summer. Call 406-883-5344 or 406-6750160 for further information.

Blackfeet at Two Medicine

Accessibility The Apgar and St. Mary Visitor Centers, the International Peace Park Pavilion, and the Cameron Lake Day Use Area are wheel-chair accessible. A listing of additional facilities and services, accessible to visitors with special needs, is available at visitor centers and entrance stations throughout WatertonGlacier International Peace Park. Interpretive programs in Glacier National Park accessible by wheelchair are highlighted in the park’s rangerguided activity guide, available throughout Glacier.

Accessible boardwalk on the Trail of the Cedars

The Waterton-Glacier Guide is a joint publication between Waterton Lakes National Park of Canada & Glacier National Park in the United States. 2

R. E. Marble

Wheelchair accessible trails include the Trail of the Cedars and the Running Eagle Falls Nature Trails in Glacier, and the Linnet Lake, Kootenai Brown, and Townsite trails in Waterton Lakes. Visitors sensitive to altitude should be aware of the following park elevations: Lake McDonald 3150 ft. 960m Logan Pass 6640 ft. 2024m Many Glacier 4900 ft. 1494m Polebridge 3600 ft. 1097m St. Mary Lake 4500 ft. 1372m Two Medicine 5150 ft. 1570m Waterton 4200 ft. 1280m

David Restivo

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Park News

Glacier Visitor Guide

The official newspaper of Glacier National Park Summer 2011

The Going-to-the-Sun Road hugs the Garden Wall on the way to Logan Pass - Photo by David Restivo, NPS

Rebuilding the Going-to-the-Sun Road? There is an ambitious construction season scheduled for 2011 on the Going-to-the-Sun Road. In May, the contractor will again be working on roadway improvements along McDonald Creek between Logan Creek and the West Tunnel. Prior to the road fully opening for vehicle traffic, hiker and bicycle travel will be allowed, except within the actual construction areas above the vehicle closure points at Avalanche and Jackson Glacier Overlook. As soon as plowing and other conditions allow, work crews will begin finishing work on the 2.8 mi. segment between Logan Pass and Siyeh Bend. Work will also resume in the 2.8 mile segment between Big Bend and Logan Pass. These projects were heavily funded with federal stimulus money. After the entire road is TheLoop Loop The

West Tunnel

Expect construction between Big Bend and Logan Pass all summer; Logan Pass to Siyeh Bend BigBig until August; and Haystack Creek to Big Bend in late summer. Bend

Haystack Haystack Creek Creek

Bend

Logan Creek

Work between Avalanche Creek and the West Tunnel will take place in late September.

Siyeh Bend Avalanche Creek

Logan Pass

Jackson Glacier Overlook

Construction zones on the Going-to-the-Sun Road for Summer 2011.

opened for the season, construction, as well as visitor traffic, will be accommodated as crews focus their efforts with construction between Big Bend and Siyeh Bend. Following the completion of the Logan Pass to Siyeh Bend segment, work will begin late summer between Haystack and Big Bend. Construction Delays and Closures

• The exact date for the full opening of the upper section of the Going-to-the-Sun Road is dependant on weather and plowing progress. It will not open any earlier than June 17 to allow for early season road work to resume. • Between June 17 and September 18, from 7 a.m. and 9 p.m., travelers should expect delays of up to 20 minutes per project, for a total of no more than a 40 minute delay between Big Bend and Siyeh Bend. • Monday evening through Friday morning, from The Loop to Logan Pass, a night closure will take effect between the hours of 9 p.m. and 7 a.m. There will be a 15-20 minute window for passage through the construction at 2 a.m., allowing travel to and from Logan Pass. • Beginning September 19, access to Logan Pass will only be allowed from the east side while accelerated shoulder season work continues between Big Bend and Logan Pass and on Upper McDonald Creek. At that time access will be restricted between Avalanche Creek and Logan Pass. • The latest possible date Logan Pass will be accessible from the east will be October 18, 2011 dependent on weather.

Construction work - Photo by Jack Gordon, NPS

Traffic Delays It’s possible that you may experience a short construction delay along the Goingto-the-Sun Road. We encourage drivers to turn off their engines and set their emergency brakes during these short delays. Take this opportunity to enjoy the scenery, and fresh mountain air, on one of the most magnificent drives in the world. Please remain in your vehicle so that the flow of traffic can resume promptly.

Getting Around on the Going-to-the-Sun Road A drive across the park on the Going-tothe-Sun Road is a highlight of any visit This 50-mile road combines both history and unparalleled scenery. While portions of the road remain open year-round, the higher sections only open after winter snows are plowed. Ongoing road rehabilitation work may cause delays of no more than 40 minutes total. Please allow additional driving time.

Vehicles, and vehicle combinations, longer than 21 feet (including bumpers) or wider than 8 feet (including mirrors), are prohibited between Avalanche Campground and Rising Sun. Vehicles over 10 feet in height may have difficulty driving west from Logan Pass, due to rock overhangs. Stock trucks and trailers may access Packers Roost and Siyeh Bend.

21 ft long

10 ft high

Vehicle Size Restrictions

10 ft high

Driving the Going-to-the-Sun Road

21 ft long

8 ft wide

Length and width restrictions are in effect on the Going-to-the-Sun Road. - NPS Graphic

Birdwoman Falls and the McDonald Creek Valley - Photo by Bill Hayden

Bicycling

Bicycling restrictions

Bicyclists must complying with all traffic regulations and must ride under control at all times. Keep to the right side of the road, ride in single file, and pull over if there are four or more vehicles behind you. During periods of low visibility or between sunset and sunrise, a white light or reflector visible from a distance of at least 500 feet in front and a red light or reflector visible from at least 200 feet to the rear must be exhibited on the operator or bicycle. The more visible you are, the safer you will be! Bicycles are prohibited on all trails. Watch for falling rocks, drainage grates, debris, and ice on the road. You may encounter gravel surfaces in construction areas. Helmets are recommended.

From June 15 through Labor Day, the following sections of the Going-to-the-Sun Road are closed to bicycle use between 11:00am and 4:00pm: • From Apgar turnoff (at the south end of Lake McDonald) to Sprague Creek Campground. • Eastbound from Logan Creek to Logan Pass. Allow 45 minutes to ride from Sprague Creek to Logan Creek and three hours from Logan Creek to Logan Pass. Roads are narrow; please ride safely.

Enjoy Glacier Up-Close on a Nature Trail Glacier is a hiker’s paradise. Over 700 miles of trails lead visitors through some of the most spectacular and wild country in the Rockies. Multi-day trips make for lifetime memories, but so can a shorter hike on one of Glacier’s seven nature trails. The ecosystems traversed by these short walks convey a sense of the magnitude and scope of Glacier’s diversity. Two trails explore the recent effects of fire on the landscape. The Forest and Fire Nature Trail winds through an area that burned in both 1967 and then again in 2001. The Rocky Point Nature Trail shows the effects of one of the park’s most recent fires from 2003.

Running Eagle Falls - Photo by Bill Hayden

Native American culture is the focus of the wheelchair accessible Running Eagle Falls Nature Trail in the Two Medicine Valley. Traditional uses of medicinal plants are explained against the backdrop of the story of Pitamakan (Running Eagle), an important Blackfeet woman warrior.

Towering cedar trees along the wheelchair accessible Trail of the Cedars Nature Trail dwarf visitors and create a dark and moist environment filled with shade-loving ferns. The area can be very crowded at mid-day. From the halfway point of the trail, a 2-mile spur leads to Avalanche Lake. The Hidden Lake Nature Trail leads visitors to an alpine wonderland. Snow lingers well into summer followed by carpets of subalpine flowers. The view of Hidden Lake is unforgettable. Visit late in the day or early in the morning for the best lighting conditions and to avoid the crowds. Watch for mountain goats along the trail. The Sun Point Nature Trail traverses the windblown slopes above St. Mary Lake and offers spectacular views of the Continental Divide in the distance and the sparkling lake below. Hikers can also link the nature trail to the trails to St. Mary and Virginia Falls, making for a great half-day hike along the shores and forests surrounding St. Mary Lake.

Finally, the Swiftcurrent Nature Trail around Swiftcurrent Lake in the Many Glacier Valley blends Glacier’s geologic past with its human history. The dramatic views of the glacially carved slopes towering above the Many Glacier Hotel are the classic image of Glacier National Park for thousands of former visitors to this amazing part of the Rocky Mountains.

Trail of the Cedars - Photo by David Restivo

Off the Beaten Path

Camas - Photo by Bill Hayden

Many Glacier

The North Fork

Two Medicine

This area in the northeastern corner of the park is often referred to as the heart of Glacier. Boat rides, horseback riding, and great hiking are all found here. Three excellent all-day hikes are the Iceberg Lake, Cracker Lake, and Grinnell Glacier trails. Roughly 10-12 miles round-trip, these moderately strenuous hikes bring visitors to unmatched subalpine scenery.

Most visitors miss Two Medicine. Those who find it, are rewarded with some of the best scenic hiking to be found. Trails to Scenic Point, Cobalt Lake, Aster Park, and Old Man Lake are all excellent. Guided boat trips on Two Medicine Lake make No Name Lake, Upper Two Medicine Lake, and Twin Falls easy family trips.

For shorter hikes, Grinnell Lake, Red Rock Falls, and the Swiftcurrent Nature Trail are good choices. Guided boat trips and horseback riding are also available.

If you have a high clearance vehicle you might enjoy a trip to the northwest corner of Glacier. Expect rough and dusty roads in this little developed area. The Inside North Fork Road has several narrow sections that make passing oncoming traffic a challenge. Allow all day for the drive to Kintla and Bowman Lake. The Bowman and Kintla Lakes campgrounds are north of the Polebridge Ranger Stationa and two small primitive campgrounds are south of the ranger station at Logging and Quartz Creeks. The only services in this area are offered outside the park in Polebridge.

Mt. Gould - Photo by David Restivo

Big Prairie - Photo by David Restivo

Pray Lake - Photo by David Restivo

Visitor Information Hours Apgar Visitor Center May 1 - June 18..................... 9:00am to 5:00pm June 19 - Sept. 5.................... 8:00am to 6:00pm Sept. 6 - Oct. 22.................... 8:00am to 5:00pm

Backpacking & Backcountry Permits Backcountry camping in Glacier requires a backcountry permit at a cost of $5 per person per night and are issued no more than 24 hours in advance. Permit stations are located at: Apgar Backcountry Permit Center May 1 - Sept. 23................ 7:00am to 4:30pm Sept. 24 - Oct. 31............... 8:00am to 3:30pm St. Mary Visitor Center May 22 - Sept. 23.............. 7:00am to 4:30pm Many Glacier Ranger Station May 28 - Sept. 23.............. 7:00am to 4:30pm Two Medicine Ranger Station May 22 - Sept. 23.............. 7:00am to 4:30pm Polebridge Entrance Station May 27 - Sept. 10.............. 8:00am to 4:00pm

Traffic and Parking During the busiest days of the summer many of the parking areas throughout the park will fill to capacity early in the day. This is especially true for Logan Pass and other locations along the Going-to-the-Sun Road.

Don’t miss Running Eagle Falls. Site of a wheelchair-accessible nature trail, this area highlights Native American use of plants, and the spiritual importance of this site to the neighboring Blackfeet Tribe.

Pets

Pets are allowed in developed areas, frontcountry campsites and picnic areas, along roads, and in boats on lakes where motorized watercraft are permitted. Pets must be on a leash no longer than six feet, under physical restraint or caged at all times, including while in open-bed pickup trucks. Pets are not to be left tied to an object when unattended. Pet owners must pick up after their pets and dispose of waste in a trash receptacle. Owners must not allow a pet to make noise that is unreasonable.

Visitor Information Entrance Fees Single Vehicle Pass.................................. $25.00 Valid for 7 days. Single Person Entry................................. $12.00 By foot, bicycle, or motorcycle for 7 days. Glacier National Park Pass....................... $35.00 Valid for one year from month of purchase. America the Beautiful National Parks and Federal Recreational Lands Annual Pass................ $80.00

St. Mary Visitor Center May 22 - June 18................... 8:00am to 5:00pm June 19 - Sept. 5.................... 8:00am to 9:00pm Sept. 6 - Sept. 30................... 8:00am to 5:00pm

Special fees are charged for commercial tour vehicles.

Many Glacier & Two Medicine Ranger Stations May 22 - Sept. 23.................. 7:00am to 5:00pm

Waterton Lakes National Park has separate entrance fees.

Logan Pass Visitor Center Opening is weather dependant from opening until Sept. 5..... 9:00am to 7:00pm Sept. 6 - Sept. 30................... 9:30am to 4:30pm

Some stations may be closed for lunch hour Visitors entering the backcountry at Goat Haunt or Chief Mountain trailheads may obtain their permit at the Waterton Visitor Centre (credit cards only).

Expect the Logan Pass parking lot to fill around 10:30am most mornings and remain full until mid-afternoon. The Avalanche Creek parking area and the small parking spots near St. Mary Falls and Sunrift Gorge fill everyday. All of these locations are serviced by the Goingto-the-Sun Road Shuttle System. Use the transportation information on pages 12 & 13 to plan a trip through the park. Many of the most popular destinations and hiking areas are accessible via the shuttle. With a bit of pre-planning you will be able to visit these area without the hassle of finding a place to park your car.

Hey Junior Rangers!

Park Regulations

Earn an “I Went Hiking in Glacier” Sticker in 2011 Thanks to a private donation to our Junior Ranger Program children who complete a hike, in addition to doing all the other required activities in the Glacier Junior Ranger booklet, will receive our new “Let’s Move” sticker along with their Junior Ranger badge.

Glacier National Park is joining with First Lady Michelle Obama’s nationwide Let’s Move campaign to encourage children to get active. The benefits of hiking in Glacier go far beyond getting exercise - spectacular scenery, wildlife viewing, beautiful wildflowers, connecting with nature, and quality time with family and friends- are some that immediately come to mind. However, it’s not always that easy to hike with children – safety concerns, fickle weather, physical limitations, not knowing the trail, and time constraints- can all become good excuses for staying inside. The good news is that Glacier has over 760 miles of trail and there are many family friendly options for children of all abilities. For younger children or beginning hikers, start small with one of our level and paved nature trails. For children and families who want

more of a challenge, see our Day Hikes in Glacier newspaper for additional longer and steeper hikes. Make sure you are familiar with our Bear Safety guidelines and check the weather before you go. If you’re still not sure you want to brave it on your own, join one of our Ranger-led hikes suitable for families and children. A schedule can be found in the Ranger-led Activity Guide. Children who become Glacier Junior Rangers learn about the significant reasons this area was designated a national park. Now along with sharing that knowledge, we hope they will talk about their hiking accomplishment with friends and family and encourage others to get outside and stay active. They’ll be part of a new generation of Let’s Move Outside Junior Rangers.

It is your responsibility to know and respect park regulations. Violations are punishable by fines up to $500.00 and/ or six months in jail. Park regulations are strictly enforced. • Pets must be on a leash, and are not permitted on trails or anywhere off maintained roadways. • Feeding or disturbing any wildlife is prohibited. • It is illegal to remove any natural or cultural features including plants, rocks, mushrooms, artifacts, driftwood, or antlers. • Open containers of alcohol in a motor vehicle are prohibited. • All food and utensils must be properly stored to protect wildlife. • Hunting, and recreational use of firearms, is not allowed in Glacier. • The park fishing season is from the third Saturday in May through November 30. Obtain Glacier’s current Fishing Regulations prior to fishing. • Park rangers strictly enforce park speed limits by radar and randomly conduct DUI sobriety checkpoints throughout the park.

What About Firearms?

Visit our Neighbor to the South

Federal law allows people (who can legally possess firearms under applicable federal, state, and local laws) to legally possess firearms in this park.

Grant Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site If you’re heading down Interstate 90 to Yellowstone National Park after you leave Glacier, we’ve got good news. You only need to travel half the distance before you can answer the perennial question, “Are we there yet?” with a resounding, “Yes!” Halfway between the two parks, the freeway passes within half a mile of GrantKohrs Ranch National Historic Site. A five minute walk from the Visitor Center will take you back a century and a half, to the

Camping Information Camping is permitted only in designated campgrounds. Campgrounds, except Fish Creek and St. Mary, are available on a “first-come, firstserved” basis. Utility hookups are not provided. Group Campsites Ten group sites at Apgar, two at St. Mary, and one each at Many Glacier and Two Medicine, accommodate 9-24 people. The fee is $50.00 per night for the first 9 campers. For each additional person (up to the limit of 24 campers), there is a $5.00 nightly fee During reservation season, five group campsites at Apgar and two at St. Mary may be reserved. Additional reservation fees apply. Reservations may be made through the National Park Service Reservation Service. Contact www.recreation. gov or call 1-877-444-6777. Campfires Campfires are permitted only in designated campgrounds and picnic areas where grates are provided. Collecting firewood is prohibited except along the Inside North Fork Road from Dutch Creek to Kintla Lake and along the Bowman Lake Road. Hiker-Biker Campsites Campsites for bicyclists and hikers are shared sites holding up to eight people. The fee is $5.00 per person. Hiker-biker sites at Fish Creek and St. Mary are $8.00 per person.

It is the responsibility of visitors to understand and comply with all applicable state, local, and federal firearms laws before entering this park. Hunting, and recreational use of firearms, is prohibited.

very beginnings of the open range cattle era. Nearly 90 historic buildings, horses, cattle, chickens, ranger led programs, a Chuckwagon, and demonstrations await. There is no entrance fee, and (critical to any leg-stretch stop) there are accessible rest rooms. The ranch is open daily, yearround. Summer hours: 9:00am to 5:30pm Visit www.nps.gov/grko or phone (406) 846-2070 for information.

Federal law also prohibits firearms in certain facilities in this park; those places are marked with signs at all public entrances. Family Fun at Grant Kohrs Ranch - NPS photo

Campground opening dates listed are the proposed dates as of press time. Due to the unusually heavy snow this winter, and late spring storms, these dates may change. Campground

First Night

Last Night

Fee

Sites

Flush Dump Toilets Station

Apgar

May 6

Oct. 9

$20.00

192

Yes Yes

Yes

HikerBiker

For Larger RV’s and Additional Information

Yes

The largest 25 sites have a maximum parking space of 40’. Primitive camping Oct. 10 to Nov. 30.

Yes

The largest 50 sites have a maximum parking space of 26’.

Avalanche

June 10

Sept. 4

$20.00

Bowman Lake

May 27

Sept. 11

$15.00

Accessible only by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping Sept. 12 until closed by weather.

Cut Bank

June 10

Sept. 4

$10.00

Accessible only by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping only.

Fish Creek *

June 1

Sept. 4

$23.00

178

Kintla Lake

May 27

Sept. 11

$15.00

Accessible only by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping Sept. 12 until closed by weather.

July 1

Sept. 25

$10.00

Accessible only by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping only, weather permitting.

Many Glacier

June 10

Sept. 18

$20.00

109

Quartz Creek

July 1

Nov. 27

$10.00

June 3

Sept. 11

$20.00

Yes

Sprague Creek

May 13

Sept. 11

$20.00

Yes

St. Mary *

May 27

Sept. 18

$23.00

148

Yes

Two Medicine

June 10

Sept. 18

$20.00

Yes

Logging Creek

Rising Sun

Yes

The largest 18 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. 62 additional sites will accommodate up to 27’.

The largest 13 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. Primitive camping Sept. 19 to Oct. 31 weather permitting. Accessible only by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping only, weather permitting.

Yes

The largest 10 sites have a maximum parking space of 25’.

Yes

No towed units Some sites have a maximum parking space of 21’.

Yes

The largest 25 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. Primitive camping Sept. 19 to Nov. 30, weather permitting.

Yes

The largest 13 sites have a maximum parking space of 32’. Primitive camping Sept. 19 to Oct. 31 weather permitting.

Camping is permitted only in designated campgrounds. Campgrounds in primitive status have no water available. * Fish Creek and St. Mary may be reserved through the National Recreation Reservation Service from June 1 through Sept. 5. Call 1-877-444-6777 or visit www.recreation.gov for reservation information. 5

Hiking in Bear Country Don’t Surprise Bears!

Bears will usually move out of the way if they hear people approaching, so make noise. Most bells are not enough. Calling out and clapping hands loudly at regular intervals are better ways to make your presence known. Hiking quietly endangers you, the bear, and other hikers. A bear constantly surprised by quiet hikers may become habituated to close human contact and less likely to avoid people. Don’t be tempted to approach or get too close to these bears. Don’t Make Assumptions!

You can’t predict when and where bears might be encountered along a trail. People often assume they don’t have to make noise while hiking on a well-used trail. Some of the most frequently used trails in the park are surrounded by excellent bear habitat. People have been charged and injured by bears fleeing from silent hikers who unwittingly surprised them along the trail. Even if other hikers haven’t seen bears along a trail section recently, don’t assume that bears aren’t there. Don’t assume a bear’s hearing is any better than your own. Some trail conditions make it hard for bears to see, hear, or

smell approaching hikers. Be particularly careful by streams, against the wind, or in dense vegetation. A blind corner or a rise in the trail also requires special attention. Don’t Approach Bears!

Bears spend a lot of time eating, so be extra cautious when passing through obvious feeding areas like berry patches, cow parsnip thickets, or fields of glacier lilies. Take the time to learn what these foods look like. Keep children close by. Hike in groups and avoid hiking early in the morning, late in the day, or after dark. Never intentionally get close to a bear. Individual bears have their own personal space requirements, which vary depending on their mood. Each will react differently and its behavior can’t be predicted. All bears are dangerous and should be respected equally.

Make noise when hiking! Hiking quietly endangers you, the bear, and other hikers.

If You Carry Bear Spray ...Know How to Use it This aerosol pepper derivative triggers temporarily incapacitating discomfort in bears. It is a non-toxic and non-lethal means of deterring aggressive bears. Bear spray has proven to be effective for fending off threatening and attacking bears, and for preventing injury to the person and the animal involved. There have also been cases where bear spray not worked as well as expected. Factors influencing effectiveness include distance, wind, rainy weather, temperature extremes, and product formulation and shelf life.

If You Encounter a Bear What Do I Do if I Run Into a Bear? A commonly asked question is “What do I do if I run into a bear?” There is no easy answer. Like people, bears react differently to each situation. The best thing you can do is to make sure you have read all the suggestions for hiking and camping in bear country and follow them. Avoid encounters by being alert and making noise. Bears may appear tolerant of people and then attack without warning. A bear’s body language can help determine its mood. In general, bears show agitation by swaying their heads, huffing, and clacking their teeth. Lowered head and laid-back ears also indicate aggression. Bears may stand on their hind legs or approach to get a better view, but these actions are not necessarily signs of aggression. The bear may not have identified you as a person and is unable to smell or hear you from a distance. Bear Attacks The vast majority of bear attacks have occurred because people have surprised a bear. In this type of situation the bear may attack as a defensive maneuver. In rare cases, bears have attacked at night or after stalking people. These types of attacks are very serious because it may mean the bear is looking at you as prey.

If you are attacked at night or if you feel you have been stalked and attacked as prey, try to escape. If you cannot escape or if the bear follows, use bear spray, or shout and try to intimidate the bear with a branch or rock. Do whatever it takes to let the bear know you are not easy prey. If you surprise a bear • Stop and assess the situation. Is it a black bear or grizzly bear? Does it have cubs? Is it aware of your presence? • If the bear appears unconcerned or unaware of your presence, take this opportunity to quietly leave the area. Do not run! Back away slowly, but stop if it seems to agitate the bear. • If the bear approaches or charges you, stop. Stand your ground. Speak to it in a calm voice. • If it’s a grizzly and is about to make contact, play dead. Lie on the ground on your stomach and cover your neck with your hands. • If a bear attacks and you have pepper spray, use it! • Most attacks end quickly. Do not move until the bear has left the area. • If it’s a black bear fight back. Defensive attacks by black bears are very rare.

Please report all bear encounters or sightings to the nearest ranger or warden immediately.

Bear spray is intended to be sprayed towards an oncoming bear. It is not intended to act as a repellent. Do not spray gear or your camp with bear spray. Under no circumstances should bear spray create a false sense of security or serve as a substitute for standard safety precautions in bear country. Canadian Customs will allow the importation of bear spray into Canada, if it is in a container that specifically states it for use on animals. Small pocket varieties of bear spray are not permitted.

If you carry bear spray, carry it in an easily accessible location. You may need to get at it quickly. Use it only in situations where aggressive bear behavior justifies its use.

Don’t help teach bears bad habits. Never leave gear unattended. - Photo by Terry Dossey

For Your Safety Drowning People are often surprised to find out that drowning is the number one cause of fatalities in Glacier. Please use extreme caution near water. Swift, cold glacial streams and rivers, moss-covered rocks, and slippery logs all present dangers. Children, photographers, boaters, rafters, swimmers, and fishermen have fallen victim to these rapid, frigid streams and deep glacial lakes. Avoid wading in or fording swift streams. Never walk, play, or climb on slippery rocks and logs, especially around waterfalls. When boating, don’t stand up or lean over the side, and always wear a life jacket. Sudden immersion in cold water (below 80° F) may trigger the “mammalian diving reflex.” This reflex restricts blood from outlying areas of the body and routes it to vital organs like the heart, lungs, and brain. The colder the water, the younger the victim, and the quicker the rescue, the better the chance for survival. Some coldwater drowning victims have survived with no brain damage after being submerged for over 30 minutes. 6

Drowning Revival Procedure: • Retrieve victim from water without endangering yourself. • Prevent further body heat loss, but do not rewarm. • Near-drowning victims may look dead. Don’t let this stop you from trying to revive them! If there is no pulse, start CPR regardless of the duration of submersion. • Delayed symptoms may occur within 24 hours. Victims must be evaluated by a physician. Hypothermia Hypothermia, the “progressive physical collapse and reduced mental capacity resulting from the chilling of the inner core of the human body,” can occur even at temperatures above freezing. Temperatures can drop rapidly. Sudden mountain storms can turn a pleasant hike into a drenching, bitterly cold and life-threatening experience. People in poor physical condition or who are exhausted are particularly at risk.

Prevention • Avoid hypothermia by using water-resistant clothing before you become wet. • Wear clothing that wicks moisture away. • Minimize wind exposure and if your clothes become wet, replace them. • Avoid sweating by dressing in layers, rather than in a single bulky garment. • Pack a sweater, warm hat, and rain gear for any hike. Warning Signs • Uncontrolled shivering, slow or slurred speech, memory lapses and incoherence, lack of coordination such as immobile or fumbling hands, stumbling, a lurching gait, drowsiness, and exhaustion. Immediate Treatment • Seek shelter from weather and get the victim into dry clothes. • Give warm non-alcoholic drinks. • Build a fire and keep victim awake. • Strip victim and yourself, and get into sleeping bag making skin-to-skin contact. • If victim is semi-conscious or worse, get professional help immediately.

Giardia Giardiasis is caused by a parasite (Giardia lamblia) found in lakes and streams. Persistent, severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea are the symptoms of this disease. If you experience any symptoms, contact a physician. When hiking, carry water from one of the park’s treated water systems. If you plan to camp in the backcountry, follow recommendations received with your permit. Bring water to a boil or use an approved filter. Mountainous Terrain Falls and accidents can occur after stepping off trails or roadsides, or by venturing onto very steep slopes. Stay on designated trails and don’t go beyond protective fencing or guard rails. Supervise children closely in such areas. At upper elevations, trails should be followed carefully. Snow and Ice Snowfields and glaciers present serious hazards. Concealed crevasses on glaciers or hidden cavities below snowfields may collapse when stepped on. Don’t slide on snowbanks. People often lose control and slide into rocks or trees. Exercise caution around any snowfield.

What Kind of Bear is That? Grizzly Bear

Black Bear

Color

Range from blond to nearly black, sometimes with silver-tipped guard hairs that give them a “grizzled” appearance.

Color

Color is not a reliable indicator of species. Contrary to their name black bears also come in brown, cinnamon, and blond.

Physical Features

Grizzly bears often have a dished-in face and a large hump of heavy muscle above the shoulders. Their claws are about 4 inches (10 cm) long.

Physical Features

Black bears have a facial profile that is straighter from tip of nose to ears, than the grizzly and lack the dished-in look that grizzlies have. The also lack the shoulder hump of a grizzly and have shorter claws, generally around 1½ inches (4 cm) long.

Bears that obtain human food may have to be destroyed. Don’t leave any food, packs, or garbage unattended, even for a few minutes.

A fed bear... is a dead bear! Please help ensure that all food and garbage are stored out of reach of bears at all times. Bear proof can and inquisitive bear - NPS Photo

Roadside Bears It’s exciting to see bears up close, but we must act responsibly to keep them wild and healthy. If you see a bear along the road, please do not stop. Stopping and watching roadside bears will likely start a “bear jam” as other motorists follow your lead. “Bear jams” are hazardous to both people and bears as visibility is reduced and bears may feel threatened by the congestion. Roadside bears quickly become habituated to vehicles and people, increasing their

chances of being hit by motor vehicles. Habituated bears may learn that it is acceptable to frequent campgrounds or picnic areas, where they may gain access to human food. When a bear obtains human food, a very dangerous situation is created that may lead to human injury and the bear’s death. Please resist the temptation to stop and get close to roadside bears – put bears first at Glacier National Park.

Brown colored black bear - Photo by Bill Hayden

Grizzly family - Photo by Terry Dossey

Camping & Bears Odors attract bears. Our campground and developed areas can remain “unattractive” to bears if each visitor manages food and trash properly. Regulations require that all edibles (including pet food), food containers (empty or not) , and cookware (clean or not) be stored in a hard-sided vehicle or food locker when not in use, day or night. • Keep a clean camp! Improperly stored or unattended food will likely result in confiscation of items and/or issuance of a Violation Notice. • Inspect campsites for bear sign and for careless campers nearby. Please notify a park ranger of any potential problems that you may notice. • Place all trash in bear proof containers. • Pets, especially dogs, must be kept under physical restraint. • Report all bear sightings to the nearest ranger or warden immediately.

For your safety, and for the safety of bears, always stay at least 100 yards (1 football field) away from any bear. Use a telephoto lens for photography. For Your Safety Wildlife Hazards Glacier provides a wonderful opportunity to view animals in their natural setting. Along with this opportunity comes a special obligation for park visitors. With just a little planning and forethought, visitors can help ensure the survival of a threatened or endangered species. Always enjoy wildlife from the safety of your car or from a safe distance. Feeding, harassing, or molesting wildlife is strictly prohibited and subject to fine. Bears, mountain lions, goats, deer, or any other species of wildlife can present a real and painful threat, especially females with young.

Mountain Lions A glimpse of one of these magnificent cats would be a vacation highlight, but you need to take precautions to protect you and your children from an accidental encounter. Don’t hike alone. Make noise to avoid surprising a lion and keep children close to you at all times. If you do encounter a lion, do not run. Talk calmly, stand tall, and back away. Unlike with bears, if attack seems imminent, act aggressively. Do not crouch and do not turn away. Lions may be scared away by being struck with rocks or sticks, or by being kicked or hit. Lions are primarily nocturnal, but they have attacked in broad daylight. They rarely prey on humans, but such behavior occasionally does occur. Children and small adults are particularly vulnerable. Report all mountain lion encounters immediately!

Medical Services If you are injured or suddenly become ill while visiting the parks, please contact a ranger for information and assistance. Montana Hospitals & Clinics • Northern Rockies Medical Center 802-2nd St. E., Cut Bank, MT 406-873-2251 • Kalispell Regional Medical Center 310 Sunny View Lane, Kalispell, MT 406-752-5111 • North Valley Hospital 1600 Hospital Way Whitefish, MT 406-863-3500 • Teton Medical Center 915 4 NW, Choteau, MT 406-466-5763

Avoid rodent infested areas. Camp away from possible rodent burrows or shelters (garbage dumps and woodpiles), and keep food in rodent-proof containers. To prevent the spread of dust in the air, spray the affected areas with a water and bleach solution (1½ cups bleach to one gallon of water). 7

A Sharing Place When you think of the word, sharing, what comes to mind? Wikipedia describes sharing as, “…the process of dividing and distributing,” and “giving something as an outright gift.” In terms of the natural environment, Wikipedia goes on to state, “Apart from obvious instances, which we can observe in human activity, we can also find many examples of this happening naturally in nature.” From an ecological standpoint, the resources in Glacier are shared. Flowers divide and distribute seeds that propagate new flowers, nourishing grazing animals like deer, elk, and bighorn sheep. Coyotes, badgers, and hawks share hunting grounds in search of prey, where the two distinct communities of mountains and prairies meet. Scavengers find bounty left by predators. More recently humans have shared this land as well. Before the establishment of a national park, this area was home to the Blackfeet, Salish, Pend d’Oreille, and Kootenai Tribes. The land gave them the gifts of plants and animals for subsistence purposes, and open areas for refuge, prayer, and fasting. When George Bird Grinnell discovered this “untouched” corner of northwest Montana he shared his adventures, and the beauty of the mountains and prairies, with readers in the eastern United States through articles in Field and Stream Magazine. After the Park’s establishment, famous western artist Charlie Russell, often standing at the grand fireplace in Lake McDonald Lodge, shared his art and stories about Glacier National Park to the delight of intrigued first-time visitors. Today, sharing Glacier National Park continues to be a daily occurrence. New technologies like smartphones and social media make it easier to share photos, videos, and day-to-day information. People who have never heard of Glacier National Park before, or those who desire to stay connected to Glacier, can simply log on to their Facebook page and see what the Park is sharing with them. For thousands of years, this has been a sharing place. As you visit the park, notice the different examples of sharing, and discover how you can share the magnificence of Glacier with others. Let us share Glacier with you. Follow and “like” us today. www.twitter.com/glaciernps www.facebook.com/GlacierNationalPark www.flickr.com/photos/glaciernps www.youtube.com/glaciernps www.nps.gov/glac/parknews/blogs.htm

Take Action! Do Your Part! for Climate Friendly Parks is an on-line program that empowers park visitors to reduce their carbon emissions and help to protect America’s national parks from the impacts of climate change. Using a simple household emissions calculator, you can determine your carbon footprint and choose actions to reduce it. Examples of possible actions include driving less, recycling, and using energy efficient appliances. Do Your Part! tracks the changes individuals are making and reports the results in real time, allowing you to see how your efforts are making 8

Wildflower Carpets Glacier is one of the world’s most significant natural areas, with spectacular topography and diverse wildlife. A remarkable variety of plants brings the scenery to life and there are many places where you can enjoy exceptional displays of wildflowers. The variety of plant communities here includes grasslands, aspen and conifer forests, wetlands, and alpine meadows. The park is affected by two major climate systems and this results in significant climate and plant community differences from east to west. The western half is affected by weather from the Pacific coast so it is generally warmer and moister, with fewer extremes in temperature. Continental air masses affect the east side of the park, so these areas see more extreme temperatures, and tend to be cooler and drier. When Pacific air masses meet continental air masses, the result is usually lots of rain or snow, and sometimes, spectacular storms. Climate in the park also changes with elevation. Higher elevations experience more extremes, with lower temperatures,

a short growing season, and drying winds. More moderate conditions predominate in the lower elevations, like Lake McDonald. These differences in climate create a meeting and mingling of many different plant communities, resulting in over 1,000 species of plants. Plants take advantage of every moment of the short growing season. Flowers carpet the prairie early in the season to take advantage of spring rains prior to drier summer conditions. Mountain plants, adapted to a short growing season, grow quickly and reproduce in a brief span of time. Flowers are often found pushing up through retreating snowbanks. As you move from spring to fall and from grasslands to alpine meadows, you will find a constant and changing landscape of blooms and berries. Native plants in Glacier are treasured by the public, and preserved for future generations. They inspire us to increase our awareness of how we can better care for the places we visit, and those we live in. Glacier Lilies - Photo by David Restivo

The Challenge of Preserving “Quiet” Webster’s dictionary defines quiet as “making little or no sound” or “free of noise” - but a visit to Glacier National Park is anything but quiet. Like this incredible landscape, the park’s soundscape is alive with a diversity of sounds – some subtle and some dramatic, some ancient and some new to the scene. Melting snow and ice transforms itself from a quiet trickle to a thundering stream into a tranquil lake. Gentle breezes and powerful storms sing their way amongst the trees, valleys, and mountain ridges. Dynamic events like avalanches and wildland fires complement the peaceful sounds of dripping rain and quaking aspen leaves. The drumming of a grouse’s wings, the warning “peep” of a pika, the fall bugle of elk, and the throaty croak of a raven add their parts to the symphony of natural sounds heard here. Humans and their activities add to Glacier’s soundscape as well. The gentle murmur of a historic boat touring one of the park’s lakes, the gasps of adults and excited squeals of children at the sighting of a mountain goat, or a ranger’s voice during a hike or evening program are all expected sounds in Glacier. But new, and perhaps unwelcome, sounds are being added to the soundscape

a difference. When taken together, many small actions make a big difference. By implementing simple measures at home and on the road, national park visitors can: • Reduce emissions that contribute to climate change • Improve air quality • Decrease traffic congestion • Reduce energy and transportation costs • Support their favorite national park Learn more at: www.doyourpartparks.org

all the time. Cell phones, overflights, motorboats, generators, loud motorcycles and cars, and even Park Service activities like road construction, trail maintenance, and daily operations can potentially impact the natural soundscapes that millions desire and come from around the world to experience. Many see these types of human sounds as intrusions on the natural quiet they expect to experience during a park visit.

through simple awareness of how our human activities impact other visitors and the soundscape around us, we can insure that present and future visitors have Glacier experiences that as Webster’s defines it are “…restful and marked by tranquility.”

It is a goal of the National Park Service to preserve natural soundscapes just as we strive to preserve wildlife, ecosystem processes, scenery, and historic resources. The public wants this too - nearly 75% of visitors surveyed stated that providing opportunities to experience “natural peace and the sounds of nature” is a primary reason for preserving national parks. But we will not succeed without your help. It is up to all visitors, and the National Park Service as well, to aid in the preservation of the natural quiet we expect to find in places like Glacier National Park. For many people, coming to places like Glacier is like visiting a library or museum, or even a temple or sacred place. Perhaps, preserving the soundscape that is Glacier is as simple as behaving like we would when we enter someone else’s home. A good start is

Hiker at Ahern Pass - Photo by David Restivo

Reduce, Reuse and RECYCLE! There are many ways to reduce the amount of waste we accumulate both at home and on vacation. While in Glacier, consider washing plastic plates and using them again. Take a plastic or aluminum water bottle with you to fill up over and over instead of buying bottles of water. AND…please recycle. Plastics #1 & 2 and aluminum cans are collected throughout the park at front country campgrounds, the Apgar Transit Center (bins located near the bus stop), and other developed areas. Ask campground hosts or other park staff for specific recycling locations. Thanks for doing your part for Climate Friendly Parks! Alpine Poppy - NPS Photo

Keeping the Wild in Wildlife

Bohemian Waxwing - Photo by David Restivo

Whitetail fawn - Photo by David Restivo

Prairie, Rocky Mountain, and west coast plants all meet in Waterton-Glacier. Add in the effects of natural processes like fire, floods, and avalanches and you end up with a varied landscape which provides homes for many different species of animals.

“Animal jams” occur when many people stop along the road to view wildlife. In their excitement, some folks forget they need to be aware not only of safety concerns related to wildlife, but also traffic hazards. Slow down and pull over carefully. Remain in your vehicle, safe from wildlife and traffic, and move on in a short time so others can watch. If you are too close to an animal, on a hill, curve, or in heavy traffic, drive by slowly and avoid stopping.

This is also a meeting place for visitors from around the world! As a visitor here, take the time to learn about the wildlife and respect their need for undisturbed space. Although some animals spend part of the year close to roads and developed areas where they are easy to observe, enjoy viewing them at a distance. While some animals appear to tolerate people, approaching too close can disturb them from feeding areas or travel routes. Keep at least 30 yards away from large animals and a minimum of 100 yards from bears. Use binoculars or a telephoto lens to improve your view. Keep the animal’s line of travel or escape route clear and move away if wildlife approaches you.

Pika - NPS photo

Moose - Photo by Bill Hayden

Beating the Odds How to Increase Your Chances of Observing Wildlife Look at dusk and dawn! Many animals are more active at those times. Remember however, hiking alone or after dark is never recommended in bear country. Learn about animal behavior and look in a variety of habitats! One of the park’s most remarkable features is the diversity of habitats it offers. You will see different animals in forests than on the prairie or in marshy areas.

Walk a trail! Spend some time away from the roads. Glacier offers fine short walks that can reward wildlife watchers.

How can you help? Enjoy wildlife from a distance and keep all food and garbage properly stored. We all share responsibility to keep the park healthy and wild.

Look in unusual places! Have you ever gone fish viewing? Have you spent some time watching the antics of chipmunks? Have you looked up for gliding eagles or rollicking ravens? A new program in the Many Glacier valley will help provide wildlife information while keeping visitors and animals at a safe distance from one another. The Watchable Wildlife Program will include designated viewing areas along the Many Glacier road and park staff with spotting scopes to help you find wildlife along the mountainsides of the valley. Look for the Watchable Wildlife signs.

Never feed park wildlife. If animals lose their fear of people, they become habituated, leading to begging and aggressive behavior. Columbian ground squirrel - NPS photo

Downy woodpecker - Photo by David Restivo

Glacier Diving into New Duck Research Study Catching a glimpse of a bold-colored, agile duck diving among the rapids along Upper McDonald Creek is a rare treat for visitors to Glacier National Park. The harlequin duck is one of the top bird species that visitors seek out because of their striking beauty and rarity.

Male harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) are slate blue, with bold white, black, and chestnut markings. Harlequin ducks take their name from Old French, referring to a colorfully dressed comedic character or clown that displayed histrionics (tricks).

Harlequin Ducks - Photo courtesy of John Ashley Fine Art

Glacier is excited to announce the initiation of a 2½- year graduate research project on the harlequin duck beginning in 2011, thanks to funding from Federal Highway Administration and a generous grant from the NPS Rocky Mountain Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit. The project will examine a range of possible factors influencing harlequin duck survival and reproduction. Researchers will use radio-telemetry and banding to learn about where harlequins nest, why nesting succeeds or fails, and what kinds of factors affect chick survival. This information will be used to assist park managers during the planning and implementation of projects that may affect harlequin ducks in Glacier National Park and Montana. Harlequin ducks occupy a unique niche among waterfowl. As small sea ducks, they spend most of their lives feeding in the turbulent surf along the North American coast. Each April, these ducks migrate

inland to breed and raise their young along fast-moving freshwater streams. They are especially adapted to feeding on stream bottoms in raging water, a place inaccessible to other wildlife species. Harlequins are a species of concern in Montana, where they are at high risk of local extinction due to their very limited numbers, limited habitat, overhunting (outside the state), sensitivity to disturbance, and habitat loss or alteration. The impacts of climate change and consequent changes in spring runoff are also of serious concern for this species. Harlequins occur on only a limited number of streams in Montana—more than 25% of all harlequin duck chicks produced in the state are raised along Upper McDonald Creek, making it an ideal place to study harlequin ducks.

Climate Change in the Crown of the Continent Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. The impacts of a rapidly warming world may affect every aspect of life on earth. As the earth’s temperature continues to rise, many plant and animal species increasingly face rapid adaptation, migration, or even extinction. Our national parks demonstrate how warming temperatures are changing the environment and may provide a refuge for plant and animal species. They help us to understand the extent of climate change, how to mitigate its effects, and how to protect our natural and cultural treasures for the enjoyment of our children and grandchildren.

CLIMATEFriendly PARKS

The Climate Friendly Parks Program, a collaboration of the National Park Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, provides national parks with the tools and resources to address climate change. The program aims to provide national parks with support to address climate change both within park boundaries and in surrounding communities. As a Climate Friendly Park, Glacier National Park is confronting climate change head on. The park is working to increase in-park energy efficiency and alternative energy use, as well as educate visitors through interpretive programs and displays. Other park initiatives include: • Since inception, Glacier’s public shuttle system has transported over 350,000 visitors through the park, decreasing the park’s carbon footprint and reducing visitor traffic. • The Transit Center in West Glacier is a LEED certified building. • The “Red Bicycle” program offers employees transportation alternatives for traveling around the park. • Recycling opportunities for visitors and staff are available throughout the park • Red “jammer” buses have been refurbished to use cleaner-burning propane. • The park is monitoring energy use in buildings to maximize efficiency. For more information about the Climate Friendly Parks program visit: www.nps.gov/climatefriendlyparks

Our Changing Climate While the Earth’s climate changes naturally, the rate of warming experienced over the last century is unprecedented. The global consensus is that a significant part of this warming is due to human activities. As a result, climate change is threatening our greatest natural and cultural resources. Scientists link the rise in Earth’s surface temperature to the accumulation of certain gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen oxides. These are commonly known as greenhouse gases (GHGs) because they trap heat within our atmosphere. Without GHGs, life on earth would not be possible. Increasing amounts of GHGs in the atmosphere are resulting in the unprecedented warming we are experiencing today. Many human activities, especially those related to the consumption of fossil fuels, result in the emission of GHGs into the atmosphere. These emissions stay in the atmosphere for several decades, making immediate GHG reduction critical to mitigating the impacts of climate change. Without a dramatic reduction of greenhouse gases, scientists project that by the end of this century the Earth’s surface could warm an additional 5–10 degrees Fahrenheit.

Graph courtesy Woods Hole Research Center 10

In Glacier National Park, the impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly evident. The park’s changing environment provides a powerful example of what could be lost without global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Glacier’s diverse landscape is the ideal outdoor laboratory, helping scientists show how climate change affects an intact ecosystem. Glacier National Park strives to be a leader in educating park visitors about climate change and has developed in-park solutions to reduce energy consumption in park operations. Some of the park’s conservation efforts are solutions visitors can apply to their own communities and everyday lives.

Ecosystem Solutions While some impacts of climate change are inevitable, park managers work with neighboring communities and agencies to give fish and wildlife a better chance to adapt. Fortunately, Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park lies at the core of the greater Crown of the Continent ecosystem in Alberta, British Columbia and Montana, a place where animals can still move freely across borders. The region’s natural diversity of species and habitats helps buffer the impacts of rapid change. Scientists have developed guiding principles to promote resiliency to warming climate. • Freedom to Roam: Plant communities and wildlife habitats can shift with warmer climates, and animal species are better able to survive if they can move, too. Some may need to expand their range, climb in elevation, or move northward. Conservationists seek to protect connectivity corridors by maintaining open lands between key habitats and even construct road crossings for wildlife. • Protect the headwaters: Three major rivers of North America originate here, flowing to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and north to Hudson’s Bay. By minimizing development and protecting shaded streamside zones, community groups and land managers are keeping these waters clean, cold and free-flowing for native trout and downstream uses. • Collaborate, renew and restore: Rapid change favors plant and animal species that quickly colonize an area disturbed by logging, wildfire or construction. Land managers collaborate to control the spread of exotic weeds, revegetate lands with native species, and reduce pollution to streams. Through cooperative stewardship, private land owners and public agencies can reduce the negative impacts of wildfires, floods and drought.

Impacts to Glacier National Park Glaciers are responsible for the sculpted peaks, hanging valleys, and azure lakes that inspire park visitors. However, glaciers provide much more than scenery. They are an integral part of the ecosystem, especially during dry periods and pouring cold water into thirsty streams during the hottest days. In 1850, there were an estimated 150 glaciers in the park. Today there are 25. Scientists predict (at current rates of warming) the glaciers in Glacier National Park will disappear by 2020. Mountain snowpack has also declined as a result of warming temperatures. Due to changing precipitation and seasonal patterns, snow is often replaced with rain resulting in earlier spring runoff and a decrease in water availability in dry months. This will mean a greater flood potential, and an increase in water temperature in aquatic ecosystems. This trend is expected to have major consequences for aquatic species such as bull trout, harlequin ducks, and tailed frogs. Alpine meadows are expected to change rapidly over the next several decades. These high altitude meadows provide habitat for an incredible array of rare species such as pika, mountain goats, and grizzly bears. In addition to less water availability in alpine meadows, the longer growing season is allowing treeline to climb in elevation, decreasing the alpine habitat these species depend on. Hotter, drier summer seasons are resulting in bigger fires, hotter fires, more stand replacing fires, and fires at higher elevations than previously recorded. While fire has helped shape Glacier’s landscape, fires that are too intense may make it difficult for native species to return and allow destructive nonnative species to thrive.

The Changing Landscape Plant Communities Plant communities from the moist Pacific Northwest converge with species from the prairie and northern forests, creating a complex ecological brew. For example, with more than 1,000 vascular plant species, Waterton and the adjoining Castle River Valley are home to the richest diversity of plants in Alberta. Warming temperatures threaten some native plants, such as Jones’ columbine, while exotic weeds are poised to invade.

Fire in the Crown of the Continent An increase in hot summer days (90°F and greater) and a decrease in the number of days of frost have resulted in larger and more severe wildfires. Although fire is natural part of Waterton-Glacier’s ecosystem, increasing fire size and intensity is resulting in unprecedented changes throughout the region’s wild forests.

Waterton Lakes National Park Glacier National Park

Wildlife Beyond Borders Grizzly bears and other wildlife freely traverse multiple ownerships and the international border. The transboundary North Fork Flathead Valley is a critical wildlife corridor. British Columbia and Montana have taken the initial steps to ban mining and gas drilling, in an attempt to preserve vital ancient wildlife pathways. As the climate warms and plant communities change, animals need the freedom to roam in search of suitable habitat.

Reducing Our Carbon Footprint As a Climate Friendly Park, Glacier is committed to increasing energy efficiency in park operations. The park will continue to educate park visitors through interpretive programs, displays, and leading by example. Glacier’s popular tours and new shuttle system provide visitors the opportunity to enjoy the park’s scenery in a more environmentally friendly way.

Shepard Glacier 1913

Native Trout Shepard Glacier 2005

Vanishing Glaciers In 1850, there were an estimated 150 glaciers in the Glacier. By 1968, the number was reduced to around 50. Today, only 25 glaciers remain in the park, many of which are mere remnants of what they once were. Scientists predict all glaciers in Glacier National Park will be gone before 2030.

One population of bull trout migrates more than 100 miles from Flathead Lake to spawning streams in Canada. All bull trout require clear, cold water and clean gravel-bottom streams to reproduce and survive, The Crown of the Continent is one of bull trout’s last strongholds, especially in Glacier, Montana’s Swan Valley, and the transboundary Wigwam and Flathead rivers. Scientists are concerned about the ability of bull trout to survive the long-term impacts of climate change.

Glacier National Park Fund is

Glacier’s official fundraising partner “The Citizen Science Program offers dual benefits of providing valuable climate change data at a fraction of formal study costs and it creates volunteer stewards that help us safeguard Glacier’s animals and plants for future generations to enjoy.” Jane Ratzlaff, Executive Director

Support the Citizen Scientist Program! Current studies include loons, mountain goats, pikas, Clark’s Nutcrackers and five invasive plant species. • 180 citizen scientists in 2010 with a total of 5,100 hours served • Valuable data contributes to scientific based management decisions • Join us as a volunteer or donate to this program today! Glacier National Park Fund (GNPF) • Created in 1999 to support trails, historic preservation, education and research projects in Glacier • $3 million in grants to the park since our inception • To learn more or to make a gift today, please visit www.glacierfund.org

America’s national parks protect our nation’s most important natural and cultural treasures, and inspire nearly 300 million visitors each year. Yet within the parks, we can already see signs of damage from global warming. With the “Do Your Part!” program, parks such as Glacier are offering a unique opportunity for visitors to help take care of our national parks, and inspire their families, friends, and communities to be better stewards of these special places. Tom Kiernan, NPCA President Founded in 1919, the National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA) and its 340,000 members are committed to protecting and enhancing our national parks for existing and future generations. NPCA is committed to restoring healthy air, thriving ecosystems, and scenic values to our national parks. NPCA supports decisive action at the local, state, and national levels that protect the integrity of our national parks by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and climate change impacts. To learn more or join NPCA go to: www.npca.org. NPCA would like to thank the Hon. Laurence William “Bill” Lane, Jr. for his commitment to environmental stewardship and support in making this section of the Glacier Guide possible.

Photo Credits: Jason Dunham (USGS), Blase Reardon (USGS), NPCA, & GNPF - all others by David Restivo, Bill Hayden, and National Park Service. 11

Park the Car and See the Park! park. Exhibits, kiosks, and signs in the plaza explain the system and how to make the most of the shuttles.

Glacier National Park offers a free shuttle bus service along the Going-to-the-Sun Road. The service provides access for visitors to locations along the road and helps to reduce congestion during road rehabilitation work. Last summer over 170,000 visitors took advantage of the buses. This year the shuttle service starts July 1 and runs through September 2, 2010.

Shuttles leave the Apgar Transit Center, and other stops on the west side of the park, every 15 to 30 minutes. The St. Mary Visitor Center is the transit hub for the east side. East side shuttles depart every 30 minutes and service all stops between the St. Mary Visitor Center and Logan Pass. Transfer stops are located at Avalanche

The Apgar Transit Center is the shuttle information hub on the west side of the

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Transfer Stops: Avalanche Creek and Logan Pass

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Approximate travel time from St. Mary Visitor Center to Logan Pass, 1 hour

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Approximate travel time from Apgar Transit Center to Logan Pass, 1½ hours

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Eastside Shuttles

Depart every 15 to 30 minutes

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Westside Shuttles

For more in-depth information about the park, rangers are on duty at the Apgar, St. Mary, and Logan Pass Visitor Centers.

Information at the Apgar Transit Center and St. Mary Visitor Center assists with trip planning questions about the shuttle system. While the Apgar Transit Center is largely self-service, volunteers will

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Going-to-the-Sun Road Shuttle Routes

be on hand to help with transit related information. Maps at shuttle stops, and information in this paper, will also aid in planning your day’s outing.

Creek and Logan Pass. Refer to the shuttle route map below for specifics on traveling across the park. You will need to transfer one, or possibly, two times to travel from one end of the route to the other. Signs on the shuttles indicate their destinations.

1:27pm

Apgar Transit Center to Logan Pass - morning only First Departure from Apgar Transit Center ...................................................... 7:20am Last Departure from Apgar Transit Center....................................................... 8:50am  Apgar Village and Apgar Campground service is every 30 minutes Apgar Transit Center / Avalanche Creek Loop First Departure from Apgar Transit Center ...................................................... 9:00am Last Departure from Apgar Transit Center ......................................................6:05pm First Departure from Avalanche Creek ............................................................. 9:39am Last Departure from Avalanche Creek ............................................................6:44pm Avalanche Creek / Logan Pass Loop First Departure from Avalanche Creek ............................................................. 7:54am Last Departure from Avalanche Creek* ...........................................................5:58pm *After 5:00pm only passengers transfering to the St. Mary Shuttle at Logan Pass allowed First Departure from Logan Pass....................................................................... 8:20am Last Departure from Logan Pass .......................................................................7:00pm E X P R E S S

East Side Express - Rising Sun Boat Dock / Logan Pass Loop Departs Rising Sun Boat Dock at: 7:00am 9:00am 11:30am 1:30pm St. Mary Visitor Center / Logan Pass Loop First Departure from St. Mary Visitor Center ................................................... 7:00am Last Departure from St. Mary Visitor Center....................................................6:00pm First Departure from Logan Pass....................................................................... 8:00am Last Departure from Logan Pass .......................................................................7:00pm Granite Park Chalet

Grinnell Lake

5 Miles

Weeping Wall

Dutch Lake

Triple Arches Arrow Lake

Otokomi Lake

Logan Pass

Avalanche Creek

Hidden Lake Nature Trail

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Trout Lake

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Jackson Glacier

Lake Ellen Wilson

Blackfoot Glacier

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Park Headquarters

Apgar Transit Center - Photo by David Restivo

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Shuttle Friendly Trails - Park your car and enjoy Glacier

Shuttle at the Loop, Avalanche Gorge on the Trail of the Cedars, Hikers at Granite Park Chalet - Photos by David Restivo and Bill Hayden

Lake McDonald Lodge A number of trails radiate out from Lake McDonald Lodge. Destinations such as Sperry Chalet, Snyder Lake, and Mt. Brown have made the lodge a popular base camp for west side hiking. The new shuttle system has expanded the possibilities and increased the number of easier options available. Hikers can now shuttle to the very popular Avalanche Creek area to hike the wheelchair accessible Trail of the Cedars or continue further to sparkling Avalanche Lake. Parking is generally not available mid-day at this location, so leaving your vehicle at the lodge will help ease congestion and also ease the stress level of finding a place to park the car.

Avalanche Creek It’s easy to see why this stunning area is so popular. Huge ancient cedars, dappled green sunlight filtering through the forest canopy, and cold rushing rapids combine to make this area a must see. It’s also easy to see why the shuttle is important to this spot. Parking is very limited. Leave your car and use the shuttle to discover the magic of Avalanche. A short shuttle ride away from Avalanche is Lake McDonald Lodge where boat trips, restaurants, and horseback rides can all combine into a great driving-free day of hiking and fun in the Lake McDonald Valley.

The Loop One of the most popular trails in the park either begins or ends here, depending on your route. Granite Park Chalet is only 4 miles away but it’s 2200 feet up this steep trail. Most hikers will probably choose to end their Highline Trail trek here, and use the shuttle to return to their starting point.

Logan Pass The sub-alpine world of Logan Pass draws visitors from around the world; it’s a popular spot. Unless you arrive early in the morning or late in the afternoon, the parking lot will probably be full. Avoid the parking hassles and shuttle up to the pass. Here you will find the Hidden Lake Nature Trail leading through wildflower filled meadows to a dramatic view of Hidden Lake. This is also the starting point for hikes along the Highline Trail to Granite Park Chalet and backpacking locations further north.

Siyeh Bend Prior to the new shuttle system, hiking near spectacular Siyeh Pass was difficult because hikers ended up several miles down the road from their car. Now hikers can shuttle to Siyeh Bend and hike over the highest trail section in the park to Sunrift Gorge where transportation both east and west is available. For a shorter hike, Preston Park at the junction of the Piegan Pass and Siyeh trails, is a series of beautiful flower filled meadows dotted with clumps of sub-alpine fir. Trails also connect from here to shuttle stops at Gunsight Pass Trailhead, St. Mary Falls, Sunrift Gorge, and Sun Point.

Gunsight Pass Trailhead The trail over Gunsight Pass provides one of the premier one or two night backpacking experiences in the park. By using the shuttle hikers no longer need a vehicle at each end of the hike, in fact you don’t need a vehicle at all. The hike is easier if you travel from Gunsight Pass Trailhead to Lake McDonald, but can be done the other way as well. For shorter hikes from this shuttle stop you can connect with the trails to St. Mary, Virginia, and Baring Falls just east of this stop.

St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop St. Mary, Virginia, and Baring Falls are all within a short hiking distance of this and several other shuttle stops in the immediate area. Many combinations of shuttles and hikes make this once crowded and overlooked area a hikers paradise. Hikers coming back from Gunsight Lake or Gunsight Pass will find that the hike to St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop, although a bit longer, is a much easier elevation grade than hiking back to the Gunsight Pass Trailhead.

Sunrift Gorge Formed when a small stream cut through a natural break in the rock, Sunrift Gorge is a straight, steep canyon cut through the bedrock just 200 hundred feet off the main road. Also at this location one of the most beautiful bridges along the entire Going-to-the-Sun Road is found. Baring Creek Bridge is an excellent example of how native stone materials were used to blend the road into the landscape. A short hike under the bridge leads to Baring Falls. Hikers may continue from there to St. Mary and Virginia Falls. The steep approach to the Siyeh Pass Area starts here as well.

Sun Point The Sun Point Chalets are long gone, but the view from the Sun Point Nature Trail reveals why they were so popular in their day. The trail winds high above the lakeshore for about a mile back to Sunrift Gorge. From there the trail continues past Baring Falls to St. Mary, and Virginia Falls. Shuttle stops at St. Mary Falls or Sunrift Gorge make a “hike and ride” trip an excellent afternoon adventure.

Rising Sun & Rising Sun Boat Dock The main trail from Rising Sun follows Rose Creek up to Otokomi Lake. Another option from here however is to take a boat from the boat dock to the head of St. Mary Lake and explore the waterfalls found there, and shuttle back to Rising Sun. Cruise, hike, and ride all in one trip while discovering this special part of Glacier National Park.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Fish Lake..............................................Sperry Trailhead........................................................... 2.9 mi. Gunsight Pass Trailhead........................Sperry Trailhead......................................................... 21.4 mi. Mt. Brown Lookout..............................Sperry Trailhead........................................................... 5.3 mi. Snyder Lakes........................................Sperry Trailhead........................................................... 4.4 mi. Sperry Chalet.......................................Sperry Trailhead........................................................... 6.4 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Avalanche Lake....................................Avalanche Gorge Bridge.............................................. 2.0 mi. Trail of the Cedars................................Avalanche Picnic Area.................................................. 0.7 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Granite Park Chalet..............................The Loop Trailhead....................................................... 4.0 mi. Logan Pass . ........................................The Loop Trailhead..................................................... 11.6 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Granite Park Chalet..............................Continental Divide Sign............................................... 7.6 mi. Hidden Lake Overlook..........................Logan Pass Visitor Center............................................. 1.5 mi. Hidden Lake.........................................Logan Pass Visitor Center............................................. 3.0 mi. The Loop.............................................Continental Divide Sign............................................. 11.6 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Gunsight Pass Trailhead........................Piegan Pass Trailhead................................................... 2.5 mi. Piegan Pass..........................................Piegan Pass Trailhead.................................................. 4.5 mi.. Preston Park.........................................Piegan Pass Trailhead................................................~ 2.7 mi. Siyeh Pass Area....................................Piegan Pass Trailhead................................................... 4.7 mi. Sunrift Gorge.......................................Piegan Pass Trailhead................................................. 10.3 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Deadwood Falls ..................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 1.3 mi. Gunsight Lake . ...................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 5.3 mi. Gunsight Pass .....................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 9.2 mi. Lake McDonald Lodge.........................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................. 21.4 mi. St. Mary Falls.......................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 3.2 mi. Virginia Falls.........................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 3.9 mi. Baring Falls..........................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 3.9 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

St. Mary Falls.......................................St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop........................................... 1.1 mi. Baring Falls..........................................St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop........................................... 1.0 mi. Virginia Falls.........................................St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop........................................... 1.8 mi. Sun Point.............................................St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop........................................... 1.6 mi. Sunrift Gorge.......................................St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop........................................... 1.2 mi. Gunsight Lake . ...................................Gunsight Pass Trailhead............................................... 6.9 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Baring Falls..........................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................... 0.2 mi. Siyeh Pass Area....................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................... 5.6 mi. Siyeh Bend...........................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................. 10.3 mi. St. Mary Falls.......................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................... 1.9 mi. Virginia Falls.........................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................... 2.6 mi. Sun Point.............................................Sunrift Gorge............................................................... 0.8 mi. Sunrift Gorge.......................................Sunrift Gorge.........................................................~ 200 feet.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Baring Falls..........................................Sun Point..................................................................... 0.6 mi. St. Mary Falls.......................................Sun Point..................................................................... 2.3 mi. Virginia Falls.........................................Sun Point..................................................................... 3.0 mi. Gunsight Pass Trailhead........................Sun Point..................................................................... 5.0 mi.

Trail

Trailhead Location

Mileage (one way)

Otokomi Lake......................................Rising Sun Campstore.................................................. 5.2 mi. Sunrift Gorge.......................................Boat from Rising Sun to Baring Falls Dock.................... 0.3 mi. Sun Point.............................................Boat from Rising Sun to Baring Falls Dock.................... 0.7 mi. St. Mary Falls.......................................Boat from Rising Sun to Baring Falls Dock.................... 1.5 mi. Virginia Falls.........................................Boat from Rising Sun to Baring Falls Dock.................... 2.2 mi. 13

Points of Interest on the Going-to-the-Sun Road Granite Park Chalet

5 Miles Lake Evangeline

Cataract Creek

Grinnell Glacier

Dutch Lake

Trout Lake

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Avalanche Creek 7

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Otokomi Lake

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St. Mary Visitor Center

Saint Mary

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Cracker Lake

Camas Lake

Ruger Lake

Grinnell Lake

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Hidden Lake

Baring Falls

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Jackson Glacier Lake Ellen Wilson

Sperry Chalet Lincoln Lake

Blackfoot Glacier

Pumpelly Glacier

Harrison Glacier

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Medicine Owl Lake

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Sperry Glacier

Hudson Bay Creek

Snyder Lakes

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Red Eagle Lake

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McDonald Falls

St Mary Falls

Florence Falls

Avalanche Lake

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Shuttle Friendly Trails

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Lookout Tower

West Glacier

1 Apgar Village Lodges, gift shops, food service and the Apgar Visitor Center make Apgar the hub of activity on the west side of the park. 2 Apgar Transit Center The Apgar Transit Center is a new addition to Glacier. Constructed to mitigate congestion on the Going-to-the-Sun Road during road rehabilitation, it is the west side hub for the park’s new transit system.

Apgar Campground Apgar is the largest campground in the park and makes a great base camp for explorations of the west side of Glacier. 3

Sprague Creek Campground Get here early to obtain one of the sites right on the water. No towed units are permitted, making this a favorite of tent campers. 4

5 Lake McDonald Lodge On the shores of Lake McDonald, the lodge is reminiscent of a Swiss chalet with a hunting lodge atmosphere. Boat tours and horseback rides depart from here.

6 McDonald Creek Overlook McDonald Creek looks placid and calm for most of the summer, but early season visitors see a thundering torrent carrying trees and boulders.

7 Avalanche Creek Explore the dense cedar-hemlock forest on the Trail of the Cedars Nature Trail, a hike to Avalanche Lake, a picnic, or by camping at one of the most popular sites in the park. 8 West Tunnel As you drive though the West Tunnel, imagine the time and manpower it took to bore through 192 feet of mountain using 1926 technology.

9 The Loop This only switchback on the Going-to-the-Sun Road affords a scenic view of Heaven’s Peak and an up-close look at the Trapper Fire of 2003 where it burned across the road. A strenuous, 4-mile hike to Granite Park Chalet begins here.

17 East Tunnel The East Side Tunnel was one of the most difficult challenges on the Going-to-the-Sun road. The 408-foot tunnel comes directly out of Piegan Mtn, with waterfalls cascading down the portal.

10 Bird Woman Falls Overlook Across the valley, Bird Woman Falls cascades 492 feet from the slopes of Mt. Oberlin.

18 Siyeh Bend Located at a prominent bend on the Goingto-the-Sun Road, the Siyeh Bend Shuttle Stop marks the transition between the higher elevation sub-alpine vegetation and the forests of the east side. Several great day hikes begin here.

11 Weeping Wall Roll up your windows as you pass the Weeping Wall. A gushing waterfall in spring, the flow reduces to a mere trickle in late summer and fall. 12 Big Bend One of the most spectacular views from the Going-to-the-Sun Road is at Big Bend. As its name suggests, this big bend in the road provides enough room to park and take in the views of Mt. Canon, Mt. Oberlin, Heavens Peak, and the Weeping Wall. 13 Triple Arches This architectural and engineering marvel is best seen by eastbound travelers on the road.

14 Oberlin Bend Oberlin Bend is just west of Logan Pass below cascading waterfalls of Mt. Oberlin. A short boardwalk offers astounding views of hanging valleys and the Going-to-the-Sun Road as it winds across the landscape below the Garden Wall. Don’t be surprised if you see Mountain goats. 15 Logan Pass Logan Pass sits on the Continental Divide at 6,646 feet. Alpine meadows filled with wildflowers carpet the hillsides. Mountain goats and marmots are frequently seen along with the occasional grizzly bear. The popular Hidden Lake and Highline trails begin here. 16 Lunch Creek Surrounded by carpets of wildflowers in the summer, Lunch Creek flows down a natural rock staircase from the striking backdrop of Pollack Mountain.

Jackson Glacier Overlook Stop here for the best view of a glacier from anywhere on the Going-to-the-Sun Road. 19

20 Gunsight Pass Trailhead Backpackers or physically-fit day hikers up for an all-day, strenuous adventure can ascend to the Continental Divide and gain access to glaciers, subalpine lakes, the historic Sperry Chalet, and many unparalleled mountainous vistas. 21 St. Mary Falls Shuttle Stop One of the most popular hikes in the park, is a 2.4 mile round trip which can be extended to 3.6 miles by continuing to Virginia Falls. The hike offers a short and pleasant stroll down to the valley floor, crossing the stream below the roaring St. Mary Falls. 22 Sunrift Gorge A spectacular view of a water-carved gorge is just a short 75 foot walk. Look for dippers in the creek. These chunky, slate-grey birds are often sighted along rushing streams, foraging for aquatic insects. 23 Sun Point Explore the effects of water, wind, and ice on the 1.2 mile (one way) Sun Point Nature Trail. Spectacular views of St. Mary Lake and cascading Baring Falls are highlights. For a longer hike, continue on to St. Mary and Virginia Falls.

24 Wild Goose Island This is one of the most frequently photographed spots in the park. Tiny Wild Goose Island offers a striking counter-point to the majestic peaks in the background.

25 Golden Staircase This large pullout along Saint Mary Lake offers views of Saint Mary Lake as well as an opportunity to marvel at the skill of the builders of the Going-to-the-Sun Road. 26 Rising Sun The prairies meet the mountains at Rising Sun where spectacular sunrises sparkle across the surface of St. Mary Lake. Guided boat tours allow visitors to experience towering mountain peaks, from a perspective not available on the Going-to-the-Sun Road. 27 Two Dog Flats This native grassland community provides habitat for a number of species. Hawks prey upon small mammals while songbirds forage on seeds and insects. Two Dog Flats supplies needed winter range for a large elk population.

28 St. Mary Campground St. Mary campground is the largest campground on the east side of Glacier National Park, and is conveniently located approximately one half mile from the St. Mary visitor center. 29

St. Mary Visitor Center

Waterton Lakes National Park “As part of a Canada-wide system of national parks, Waterton Lakes represents the southern Rocky Mountains natural region - “Where the Mountains Meet the Prairie.”

Shaped by wind, fire, and water, Waterton remains for all time a place of spectacular natural beauty - a Canadian legacy of mountains, lakes, prairies, forests, alpine meadows and wildlife.”

Scenic Drives and Attractions

Camping and Hiking

The Entrance Road

Auto Camping

These 8 kilometres (5 miles) provide magnificent views that beautifully illustrate the park’s theme, “where the mountains meet the prairie.”

Waterton’s three campgrounds provide almost 400 campsites. • The Townsite Campground has 238 sites, including 95 fully-serviced. Fees vary depending on the service provided. Fires permitted in picnic shelter stoves. All sites are reservable. Call 1-877-737-3783 or visit the website address below and follow the links. • The Crandell Mountain Campground has 129 semi-serviced sites, and is located 6km up the Red Rock Parkway. • Belly River Campground, located on the Chief Mountain Highway, has 24 unserviced sites. Reservations can be made in advance for the group sites at Belly River. Call (403) 859-2224 for information.

Colourful prairie flowers and grasses, and the glittering blue chain of the Waterton Lakes are set against a mountain backdrop. The sight of the historic Prince of Wales Hotel National Historic Site, on a knoll above the lakes, indicates you will soon arrive at our lakeside community.

Backcountry Camping

The Chief Mountain Highway

The Chief Mountain Highway is the primary route between Waterton Lakes and Glacier national parks. From the border crossing, the road traverses fields and forests, dotted with wetlands created by Crooked Creek and marked by the 1998 Sofa Mountain Fire. It then descends to the grasslands near Maskinonge Lake, passing a viewpoint which gives a magnificent vista of the Front Range of the Rockies and Waterton Valley. The Red Rock Parkway

Red Rock Parkway meanders over rolling prairie and through the Blakiston Valley. It ends at the strikingly coloured rocks and cascades of Red Rock Canyon, a distance of 15km (9 miles). The drive features views of magnificent mountains, including Mt. Blakiston, the park’s highest peak. The Akamina parkway

This route begins near the Townsite and runs for 16km (10 miles) along the Cameron Valley. Points of interest include the site of western Canada’s first producing oil well, the Oil City site, and scenic Cameron Lake.

Entering the Park - Parks Canada photo Cameron Falls

Located in the community, this picturesque waterfall is created as Cameron Creek falls into Waterton Valley.

An overnight wilderness pass is mandatory and available from the Visitor Reception Centre. A per-person fee is charged for those 16 years and older. Passes are issued up to 24 hours in advance on a first-come, first-served basis. Some wilderness sites will be available through advance reservations, according to established guidelines. Call (403) 859-5133. A quota system for wilderness campground use and group size is applied to minimize impact on the land, and maximize your wilderness experience. Waterton’s nine designated wilderness campgrounds offer dry toilets and surface water supply. Some have facilities for horses. Hiking the Trails

The Bison Paddock

The Bison Paddock, near the north entrance to the park off Highway 6, features a small herd of plains bison, maintained to commemorate the larger herds that once roamed freely in this area. The bison can be seen while driving a narrow road through the paddock. Please do not leave your vehicles. The road is not suitable for vehicles with trailers.

There are 200km (120 miles) of trails in Waterton Lakes National Park. They range in difficulty from a short stroll to steep treks of several days duration. Trails are provided for a variety of users, including hikers, horse riders, and bicyclists. Watch for information signs at the trail head for the type of use permitted. Trails in Waterton also lead to extensive trail systems in Montana’s Glacier National Park and in British Columbia’s Akamina-Kishenina Provincial Park.

The Maskinonge Lake

The park’s diversity of habitats is home to a great variety of birds; over 250 species have been identified in Waterton. The Maskinonge area, located near the park entrance, is particularly rich in bird life.

Park Regulations Leave rocks, fossils, horns, antlers, wildflowers, nests, and other natural and historic objects undisturbed so that others may discover and enjoy them. Removal of such objects is subject to fines. • It is unlawful to feed, entice, or touch park wildlife. • Pets must remain on a leash at all times while in the park. Pets, on a leash, are allowed on trails in Waterton Lakes National Park. • Camping is permitted only in designated areas, as marked by signs. • Collection of dead or downed wood is not allowed. • A national park fishing permit is required in Canada’s national parks.

Wildlife and Wildflowers

Bears, deer, elk, and bighorn sheep can be seen throughout the park, particularly in prairie areas. Sheep and deer frequent the townsite. Fall is probably the best time for wildlife watching. The larger animals come down from their summer ranges and waterfowl are on their migratory routes through the park.

Prince of Wales Hotel - Photo by David Restivo

Carthew-Alderson Trail - Parks Canada photo

Wildflowers can be seen in the park at almost any season except winter. In spring and early summer, prairie wildflower displays are particularly rich. In late summer, wildflowers continue to bloom at the higher elevations.

• Motorcyclists must wear a helmet. Bighorn Sheep - Parks Canada photo

Waterton Lakes National Park Services and Activities Lodging The Aspen Village Inn 1-(888) 859-8669 • Bayshore Inn & Convention Centre (403) 8592211 • Bear Mountain Motel (403) 859-2366 • Crandell Mountain Lodge (403) 859-2288 • Northland Lodge (403) 859-2353, off-season (403) 653-4275 • Prince of Wales Hotel - in Canada phone (403) 236-3400; in U.S. (406) 8922525 • Waterton Glacier Suites (403) 859-2004 • The Waterton Lakes Resort (403) 859-2150 or 1-(888) 985-6343

Private Campgrounds • Crooked Creek Campground (403) 653-1100 • Great Canadian Barn Dance (403) 626-3407 • Payne Lake Campground (1-888-653-2522) • Waterton Springs Campground (403) 859-2247

Other Services Include: • Clothing and gift shops, bookstores, movie rentals, liquor stores • a variety of cafes, restaurants, lounges and dining rooms • sporting supplies and hardware • service station • boat tours, bike and boat rentals • hiking tours, a horse riding facility • four churches • cash machines • art galleries • a movie theatre, health and recreation centre,18-hole golf course, tennis court, ball diamond and playgrounds.

For Additional Information the Waterton Lakes Visitor Centre Waterton Lakes National Park Box 200 Waterton Park, Alberta T0K 2M0 Phone (403) 859-5133 or visit Waterton Lakes National Park online at: www.pc.gc.ca/waterton

Glacier Association The Glacier Association is a nonprofit 501c3 cooperating association of the National Park Service and a officially recognized Park Partner of Glacier National Park. Glacier Association helps to support the park’s educational, interpretive, cultural and scientific programming needs with aid generated by sales at bookstores in visitor centers and ranger

stations throughout the Park, as well as sales from its internet bookstore. The Glacier Association offers a variety of educational materials including books, guides, maps, and DVD’s which promotes a better understanding of the park’s diversity of landscapes, animal and plant life, culture, and history. Our annual membership program offers a variety of categories which feature a 15% discount on merchan-

dise at all Glacier Association locations and at other cooperating associations throughout the country. Glacier Association PO Box 310 West Glacier, MT 59936 406-888-5756 gnha@glacierassociation.org Visit the Association Bookstore at: www.glacierassociation.org Glacier Association headquarters at the historic train depot in West Glacier, MT - NPS Photo

Suggested Guides & Maps to Glacier National Park Hikers Package........................................ $22.95* A $29.00 Value. 20% Savings! The Hikers Guide gives you Glacier National Park trail dynamics, like distance and difficulty, while providing trail head descriptions and location maps. The Trails Illustrated Topo map is a detailed layout of all the trail systems in Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks. The Glacier Nature Guide will help you once you get there to identify what you see along your way. A great starter package!!! Backcountry Users Package................... $36.95* A $48.00 value! Includes: Hiking Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks, Trails Illustrated Topo Map, Bear Aware, New Wilderness First Aid - 3rd Edition, and the Glacier Nature Guide. Travelers Package................................... $41.95* A $52.00 value. Everything you need to prepare yourself for the splendor of Glacier National Park. Includes: GLACIER-The Story Behind the Scenery, GLACIER-The Continuing Story, Glacier National Park: A Natural History Guide, Glacier Nature Guide, and Logan Pass: Alpine Splendor. *Shipping is additional, please contact the Glacier Association for pricing. All titles in these packages are available individually. Apgar Visitor Center Bookstore - Photos by David Restivo

Popular one-day summer courses* June 3-5

Bears in Many Glacier

June 10

Spring Wildflowers

$325.00 $65.00

June 16

Glacier’s Birds of Prey: West Side

$65.00

June 17

Glacier’s Birds of Prey: East Side

June 18-19

The Uncommon Loon

$170.00

$75.00

June 20

Wild Medicinal Herbs

$70.00

June 20

Wolves of the North Fork

$65.00

June 22-23 Landscapes in Watercolor

$170.00

June 23

Glacier through a Naturalist’s Eyes

June 24-25

Journey with Ralph: Glacier’s Naturalist $200.00

$75.00

June 27

North Fork River Ecology by Raft

$425.00

June 29

Railroad History

$100.00

July 6

Railroad History

$100.00

July 7

Middle Fork River Ecology

$150.00

July 8

Grizzlies and Black Bears

July 9-10

Glacier’s Grizzlies

$230.00

July 13

Nature Photography in Glacier

$200.00

July 15

Family Nature Photography

July 16

Beavers: Best Dam Habitat Builders

$65.00

July 16

Glaciers and Glacial Geology

$65.00

July 20-23

Photography in Glacier Country

July 27

Glaciers and Glacial Geology

July 31

Wildflower Wanderings at Logan Pass

$65.00

August 8-9

Melting Glaciers and Climate Change

$170.00

Glacier Institute

August 10

Railroad History

$100.00

August 13

Geology Along the Highline

Sept. 1

Goats of Glacier

$75.00

Our classrooms are the mountain trails and vast river basins that are home to more than 1,200 species of native plants, 240 species of birds and 65 species of native mammals. Our instructors are recognized experts in their fields, published authors, wildlife biologists, college professors, naturalists and teachers. We host one, two and three-day outdoor workshops and youth camps that immerse our participants in this stunning and stimulating environment. Kids can join a Glacier Institute naturalist for a hands-on, six hour Youth Adventure Series course, full of fun and discovery while adults can enjoy a day on their own. Programs are $50.00 per child. Add a second or third program, for the same child, at $45.00 per additional program. Please join us for a learning adventure you will never forget.

Sept. 11

Geology Along the Highline

$65.00

Sept. 24

Autumn in Glacier: A Season of Change $65.00

Sept. 24-25

Fall Mushroom Foray

$170.00

Oct. 1-2

Ecology of Elk

$170.00

Students at Grinnell Glacier Overlook just off the Highline Trail - Photo by Glacier Institute

The Glacier Institute, P.O.Box 1887, Kalispell, MT 59903 Phone: 406-755-1211 • Fax: 406-755-7154 • Email: register@glacierinstitute.org • Website: www.glacierinstitute.org Blog: http://theglacierinstitute.blogspot.com/ • Follow us on Facebook at: The Glacier Institute 16

August 27-28 Edible Plants

$75.00

$65.00

$400.00 $65.00

$65.00 $170.00

Just for Kids: Youth Adventure Series* June 24 & July 22

Wilderness Skills

$50.00

July 1 & July 29

Predators & Prey

$50.00

July 8 & August 12 Fire in the Forest

$50.00

*This is a sample of the courses we offer. Please check our website for a complete course calendar. www.glacierinstitute.org

Experience

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Glacier National Park Associates Who We Are

What We Do

Join Us!

The Glacier National Park Associates (GNPA) is an all-volunteer, nonprofit organization that assists with trail work, historic log structure preservation and other projects that the park does not have adequate funding to complete. Volunteers complete a number of major projects yearly, often involving several days in the backcountry.

The Associates manage a Backcountry Ranger Intern Fund and sponsor a young backcountry ranger intern who works for 12 weeks in the park’s backcountry.

Become a member and help us support Glacier National Park. You can contact the Glacier National Park Associates at: Glacier National Park Associates P. O. Box 91, Kalispell, MT 59903

The Associates also manage a Backcountry Preservation Fund. Contributions from backcountry users purchase supplies and materials ranging from bear-proof boxes to computer programs related to hiking and camping in the backcountry.

406-250-4745

Each spring we sponsor a Volunteer Day in Glacier Park. We clear trails, paint, peel logs for historic building restoration, and transplant seedlings in the nursery. This year’s projects included helping to clear various trails, working in the park’s Native Plant Nursery, planting trees, shrubs, and wildflowers from the nursery in disturbed areas of the park and helping refurbish buildings near the park headquarters. Glacier National Park Trail Work - NPS Photo

Volunteering in the Nursery - Photo by Joyce Lapp

Backcountry Cabin - Photo by David Restivo

Glacier National Park Trail Work - NPS Photo

GNPA funds two internships with the Glacier National Park Native Plant Nursery. Each year a stipend is provided for a high school student from Columbia Falls and Browning for work in the nursery.

NPS Photo

GNPA projects do not conclude at the end of summer. On the fourth Monday of January, February, and March, GNPA members sponsor a speaker series. These free presentations by biologists, geologists, historians help us be more informed of the past, present and future of beautiful Glacier National Park.

Services and Facilities Apgar

Glacier National Park U.S. Department of the Interior

Lodging

Village Inn Motel Apgar Village Lodge

May 27 - Sept. 19 May 27 - Sept.

Call 406-892-2525 for advance reservations or 406-888-5632 for same day reservations Call 406-888-5484 for reservations

Food Service

Eddie’s Restaurant

May 28 - Sept.

Breakfast, lunch, and dinner

Campstore/Gift Shops

Eddie’s Campstore The Cedar Tree Schoolhouse Gifts Montana House

May 7 - Sept. May 27 - late-Sept. mid-May - mid-Oct. Open all year

Horseback Rides

Apgar Corral

May 28 - Sept. 5

Call 406-888-5010 for schedule and information

Boat Rentals

Glacier Park Boat Co.

June 4 - Sept. 5

Rowboats, canoes, single and double kayaks, and 8hp &10hp motorboats

Lake McDonald

Lodging

Lake McDonald Lodge

May 21 - Sept. 29

Call 406-892-2525 for advance reservations or 406-888-5431 for same day reservations

Food Service

Russell’s Fireside Dining Room Jammer Joe’s Grill & Pizzaria Stockade Lounge

May 21 - Sept. 28

Lake McDonald Lodge - breakfast, lunch, and dinner

June 24 - Sept. 5

Lunch and dinner

May 21 - Sept. 28

Lake McDonald Lodge - 11:30am to midnight

Campstore/Gift Shops

Lodge Campstore Lodge Gift Shop

May 21 - Sept. 28 May 21 - Sept. 28

Groceries, fishing and camping supplies, firewood, and gifts Lake McDonald Lodge

Scenic Boat Tours

Glacier Park Boat Co.

May 21 - Sept. 24

Narrated tours of Lake McDonald - 1 hour cruise at 11:00am, 1:30pm, 3:00pm, and 7:00pm. Beginning July 1 an additional 5:30pm cruise will be offered. 11:00am and 7:00pm cruises end Labor Day. Boat Rentals from 10:00am to 7:00pm - rowboats and 8hp motorboats. After Labor Day boat rentals from 12:00pm to 5:30pm. Call 406-257-2426 for details.

Horseback Rides

Lake McDonald Corral

May 28 - Sept. 19

Call 406-888-5121 for schedule and information

Many Glacier

Lodging

Many Glacier Hotel Swiftcurrent Motor Inn

June 17 - Sept. 12 June 10 - Sept. 25

Call 406-892-2525 for advance reservations or 406-732-4411 for same day reservations Call 406-892-2525 for advance reservations or 406-732-5531 for same day reservations

Food Service

Ptarmigan Dining Room Swiss Lounge Italian Garden Ristorante

June 17 - Sept. 11 June 17 - Sept. 11 June 10 - Sept. 24

Many Glacier Hotel - breakfast, lunch, and dinner Many Glacier Hotel - 11:30am to midnight Swiftcurrent Motor Inn - Breakfast, lunch, and dinner

Campstore/Gift Shops

Swiftcurrent Campstore Hotel Gift Shop

June 10 - Sept. 24 June 17 - Sept. 11

Groceries, fishing and camping supplies, firewood, and gifts Many Glacier Hotel

Scenic Boat Tours & Boat Rentals

Glacier Park Boat Co.

June 17 - Sept. 12

Narrated tours of Swiftcurrent and Josephine Lakes - 1 hour and 30 minute cruises at 9:00am, 11:00am, 2:00pm, and 4:30pm - July and August additional 1:00pm and 3:00pm cruise - Guided walk to Grinnell Lake available on the 9:00am and 2:00pm cruise. Snow conditions permitting, a cruise and guided hike to Grinnell Glacier is offered at 8:30am. Boat rentals from 8:30am to 8:00pm - rowboats, canoes, and kayaks. Call 406-257-2426 for details.

Horseback Rides

Many Glacier Corral

late-June - Sept. 12

Opening date will be dependent on weather and trail conditions. Call 406-732-4203 for schedule and information.

Laundry and Showers

Swiftcurrent Motor Inn

June 10 - Sept. 24

Purchase tokens at the campstore or front desk

Lodging

Rising Sun Motor Inn

June 19 - Sept. 19

Call 406-892-2525 for advance reservations or 406-732-5523 for same day reservations

Rising Sun

Food Service

Two Dog Flats Grill

June 19 - Sept. 18

Breakfast, lunch, and dinner

Campstore/Gift Shops

Rising Sun Motor Inn

June 19 - Sept. 18

Groceries, fishing and camping supplies, firewood, and gifts

Scenic Boat Tours

Glacier Park Boat Co.

June 19 - Sept. 5

Narrated tours of St. Mary Lake - 1 hour and 30 minute cruises at 10:00am, 12:00pm, 2:00pm, 4:00pm, and a 1 hour cruise at 6:30pm. Optional guided walk to St. Mary Falls available on the 10:00am and 2:00pm cruises. Call 406-257-2426 for details.

Showers

Rising Sun Motor Inn

June 19 - Sept. 18

Purchase tokens at the campstore or front desk

Two Medicine

Campstore/Gift Shops

Two Medicine Campstore

May 27 - Sept. 5

Gifts, self-serve convenience food, groceries, fishing tackle, camping supplies, and firewood

Scenic Boat Tours

Glacier Park Boat Co.

June 10 - Sept. 12

Narrated tours of Two Medicine Lake - 45 minute cruises at 10:30am, 1:00pm, 3:00pm, and 5:00pm. Starting July 1 additional tour at 9:00am - Optional guided walks to Twin Falls available on the 1:00pm and 3:00pm cruises - Call 406-257-2426 for details.

Boat Rentals

Glacier Park Boat Co.

June 10 - Sept. 12

8:00am to 8:00pm - rowboats, canoes, kayaks, and boats with electric motors

Backcountry Lodging (only accessible by trail - reservations are required)

Belton Chalets, Inc. •Granite Park Chalet •Sperry Chalet

June 28 - Sept. 10 July 8 - Sept. 11

Granite Park Chalet provides rustic accommodations that include rooms, beds, and a common kitchen. Guests provide their own sleeping bag, water, food, and cooking utensils. Optional bed linen service is available. Sperry Chalet offers full service rustic overnight accommodations and full meal service, in a wilderness setting. For reservations at either Granite Park or Sperry Chalets, call 1-888-345-2649. You may also visit their websites at www.graniteparkchalet.com and www.sperrychalet.com.

Backpacking & Hiking

Glacier Guides, Inc.

May - Oct.

Guided day hikes and backpacking trips into Glacier’s backcountry for one to seven days - custom guide service trips available - Camping equipment available for rent at their West Glacier office Call 406-387-5555 or 800-521-RAFT for reservations and information - http://www.glacierguides.com

Bus Tours

Sun Tours

May 15 - Oct. 15

Interpretive tours highlighting Blackfeet culture and history relating to Glacier National Park’s natural features. Tours begin from East Glacier, St. Mary, Rising Sun, and West Glacier. Call 1-800-786-9220 or 406-226-9220 for reservations and information

Glacier Park, Inc.

May 21 - Sept. 29

Red Bus tours between park lodges as well as Two Medicine, East Glacier, West Glacier, Waterton, and St. Mary Call 406-892-2525 for reservations and schedule information

Other Services

Shuttle Service Glacier Park, Inc., Daily shuttle service between the Prince of Wales Hotel in Waterton Lakes National Park in Canada and Many East Side Shuttle June 3 - Sept. 25 Glacier, St. Mary, Cut Bank Junction, Two Medicine, and East Glacier. The hiker shuttle between Many Hiker Shuttle July 1 - Sept. 2 Glacier and St. Mary connects to the free Going-to-the-Sun Road shuttle at the St. Mary Visitor Center. The Glacier Park Inc. shuttles are a fee based system, assisting visitors on the east side of the park in connecting with the free Going-to-the-Sun Road Shuttle and with other east side destinations.

Cash Machines

Worship Services

Interdenominational and Roman Catholic services are held in campground amphitheaters and other locations within the park. For a listing of times and locations please consult a ranger in the campground or at one of the park visitor centers.

Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) are available at Apgar, Lake McDonald Lodge, Many Glacier (hotel and motor inn), St. Mary, East Glacier, Rising Sun, and West Glacier

Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park

Glacier and Waterton Take a Closer Look at Bats Imagine studying animals that only fly at night, roost alone or in small groups during the day, and make sounds that are inaudible to the human ear. Then imagine doing this in Glacier National Park and you realize the exciting challenge facing wildlife personnel. Starting in July 2011, park personnel will begin an intensive two-year study to learn about bats. Supported by the Glacier National Park Fund, and in cooperation with Waterton Lakes National Park, Canada, wildlife staff will work with a renowned Canadian bat biologist to learn bat inventory and monitoring techniques— including daytime searches of buildings and bridges, deployment of acoustic recording devices, and mist-netting—to determine which species are in Glacier. In Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, our knowledge about bats is limited because no formal studies have been conducted. The immediate goal of this study will be to find out which bat species reside in Waterton and Glacier, which habitats they use, and what the

environmental conditions are in these areas. Glacier could potentially be home to 12 different bat species, six of which are either species of concern or potential species of concern in the state of Montana. The long-term goal will be to train park personnel so that long-term monitoring of bats and their habitats can continue. This will help biologists better understand possible impacts to bats from potential threats and allow for better management of the areas they use in the park and on surrounding federal lands. Why does this matter? A new disease is killing bats in eastern North America, and a cold-loving fungus appears to be the culprit. The disease is called white-nose syndrome (WNS) because of the white fungus Geomyces destructans found growing on affected bats. Since its discovery in New York in 2006, WNS has caused the death of over 1 million bats. It has now spread to 17 states and 3 Canadian provinces, and biologists are nearly certain that it will eventually make its way out west.

Biologists do not yet know exactly how WNS kills bats. Bats that have been affected by WNS wake up from hibernation more frequently than normal; causing them to use more energy and deplete the fat reserves they need to survive winter. In the east, infected bats have been seen flying around in winter, when food is scarce or non-existent. These bats are either

starving or freezing to death, or both. Humans are not directly affected by white-nose syndrome, but there are things we can do to help control its spread and preserve North American bat populations. In particular, people are encouraged to clean off their clothing and shoes after visiting caves and mines in the eastern U.S. to help prevent the possibility of transfer.

Little brown bat; close-up of nose with fungus, New York, Oct. 2008 Photo courtesy Ryan von Linden/New York Department of Environmental Conservation

What’s Going on in the Park’s Forests? If you’ve been driving, walking or biking in the park, you’ve probably noticed large clusters of red-needled trees. The reddishbrown trees are alarming to see, and many wonder why these pillars of the forest are dying. The culprit is severe insect and disease outbreaks. Bark beetles, defoliators and root diseases are pests currently affecting Montana forests at outbreak levels. Throughout Waterton-Glacier numerous species of forest pests have singularly or in combination killed or defoliated thousands of acres. Most forest insects, like bark beetles, are natural parts of the forest ecosystem. Infestations have occurred throughout the history of western forests, with insect activity occurring even in healthy forests. As a result of drought stress brought on by lower snowpack, less rainfall, and warmer temperatures, bark beetle populations have been increasing in recent years throughout forested areas of western U.S and Canada. Principal species include: mountain pine beetle, spruce beetle, Douglas-fir beetle, western pine beetle, fir engraver, western balsam bark beetle, and pine engraver, all native species. Another prominent insect, western spruce budworm, is a defoliator, which can eventually kill a tree. You can see evidence of the spruce budworm along the Going-to-the-Sun Road from Rising Sun to Siyeh Bend. Insects such as bark beetles usually kill trees quickly, while others such as spruce budworms injure and weaken trees, increasing their susceptibility to other insects and diseases, and reducing their ability to withstand stresses such as drought.

Insect damaged trees - NPS photo

Forest pathogens like Armillaria root disease can cause patches of trees to die, creating natural forest openings and diversity in habitat for forest species. This is managed in campgrounds by removing trees susceptible to failure and planting tree species that tend to be more disease resistant.

Others, like white pine blister rust, are exotic, meaning that they originated outside the U.S. and were accidentally transported here. Because native species did not evolve in the presence of this pathogen, their normal defenses are often insufficient to ward off the new fungus. A number of pine species are susceptible to white pine blister rust, including whitebark pines, whose seeds are an important food source for many animals including grizzly bears and Clark’s nutcrackers. The impacts of blister rust infestation thus are not limited just to the pines, but ripple throughout the ecosystem. You can see numerous bleached trunks of dead whitebark pine in many forests just below treeline. What can be done? Protection of individual, high-value trees can be accomplished with pheromone treatments. Glacier National Park is currently using an anti-aggregation pheromone (MCH) to protect high-value Douglas fir trees. MCH is a chemical used by Douglas fir beetle to communicate. This pheromone tells dispersing adult beetles that a tree is fully occupied and to look elsewhere for another host tree. Waterton Lakes National Park is protecting valuable white bark pine from mountain pine beetle attack using a repellant pheromone Verbenone. It is the hope that high value trees can be protected from current insect outbreaks. The “red tree phenomenon” will continue as long as the insect and disease outbreaks persist. It is important to remember that most of these outbreaks are caused by native insects and diseases and are part of the natural ecosystem. Other outside stressors, such as prolonged drought, make trees more susceptible to attack by insects and diseases. With rising temperatures and less precipitation at opportune times, the chances of seeing red trees in the forest will continue.

Waterton’s New Native Plant Demonstration Garden In Waterton, native plants paint our landscape; they are home to insects, birds and small critters and are able to flourish in our harsh environment. As you approach the more protected townsite however, you can see that

the native plants and their subsequent environments have been modified. There is turf where fescue prairie grass once bunched, and introduced ornamental plants in gardens where lupine and arnica once thrived.

Artists’ rendition of the Falls Theatre Demonstration Garden - Parks Canada Graphic

In hopes of promoting an alternative to planting ornamentals, and eliminating barriers to planting native gardens, Waterton Park is excited to establish the Falls Theatre Demonstration Garden. More than 10 grasses, 30 wildflower varieties, and 5 shrub species will be planted in the garden. Some plants will be provided by Glacier National Park. This illustrates our continued and long standing partnership with Glacier, a relationship that grows with every seed we harvest together. Since 2002 Waterton and Glacier park staff have collected seeds together throughout the International Peace Park. Collected seeds are sown and grown in Glacier National Park’s Native Plant Nursery

and some of these will be planted in the new Demonstration Garden. The earliest stages of the Demonstration Garden will see temporary fencing, barren soil, and sporadic plant communities, but underneath the soil native grass seeds will be germinating and native plants will begin to establish under the protection of their fences. You can follow the garden’s progress as it grows and develops. Notice how it reflects the natural landscape, stands tough against herbivores and survives against drought conditions. Visit the Falls Theatre Demonstration Garden at the Falls Theatre, along the path way from Cameron Falls in the Waterton Townsite.

Recycle Aluminum and Plastic

Crossing the Border? All travelers crossing the border must present documents that are Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) compliant. Those documents include: • U.S. Citizens must present a U.S. Passport, Enhanced Drivers License*, U.S. Passport Card, or NEXUS Card • U.S. Resident Aliens must present a U.S. Resident Alien Card • Canadian citizen must present a Canadian Passport, Enhanced Drivers License*, or NEXUS Card • Citizens from countries other than Canada or the United States must present a valid passport and a current I-94 or an I-94W. I-94 forms are available at the Port of Entry for $6.00 U.S. currency and all major credit cards are accepted. Canadian currency is not accepted. * For a list of States and Provinces who currently issue Enhanced Drivers Licenses, please visit www.getyouhome.gov/html/EDL_map.html Special restrictions apply when crossing the border with pets, defensive sprays, alcohol, firewood, and purchases. All firearms must be declared. For more information on crossing from the USA to Canada, call 1-800-320-0063; and if crossing from Canada to the USA, call 1-406-889-3865.

Border Crossing Dates and Times

Roosville........................................open 24 hours west of the park on Highway 93, north of Whitefish, MT and south of Fernie, B.C.

Piegan/Carway...........................7 a.m. to 11p.m. east of the park at the joining of U.S. Highway 89 with Alberta Highway 2

Travel To, From, and Through Goat Haunt Travel between Waterton Lakes National Park, Canada and the Goat Haunt Ranger Station, either by boat or by foot on the Waterton Lake Trail, will require an official government issued photo identification card for U.S. or Canadian citizens or permanent residents. All others must carry a valid passport. Persons seeking to travel beyond the Goat Haunt Ranger Station into the United States must present documents that are Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative compliant. The Goat Haunt Port of Entry will operate between 10:30 a.m., and 5:00 p.m. No entry into the United States past the Goat Haunt Ranger Station will be authorized outside of the port’s hours of operation. Hikers traveling northbound into Canada from the United States are required to contact the Chief Mountain Port of Entry upon their arrival at the Waterton townsite. Information on contacting the Port of Entry is available at the Waterton Lakes Visitor Centre or the Waterton Station of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

Chief Mountain 5/15 to 5/31............................. 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. 6/1 to 9/5................................7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.

9/6 to 9/30................................ 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. October 1..........................................closed for season

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Glacier National Park International Peace Park Biosphere Reserve World Heritage Site

P.O. Box 128 West Glacier, MT 59936 www.nps.gov/glac 406 888-7800 phone 406 888-7808 fax

Glacier National Park Information Sheet – April 2010 Going-to-the-Sun Road – 2010: Top 10 Things You Need to Know 1. Glacier National Park is open year-round. Most visitor services and facilities are open May through September; however, autumn/winter/spring non-motorized recreation opportunities and primitive camping are available year round. Visitor services and amenities are available year round in gateway communities. 2. The Going-to-the-Sun Road (Sun Road), the only American roadway designated both as a National Historic Landmark and a National Civil Engineering Landmark, is undergoing a multi-year rehabilitation project. Accelerated night work and shoulder season work (after mid-September and before mid-June) cause short-term impacts to the smallest numbers of park visitors. 3. Funding for the the Sun Road project often changes. Most recently the project received $27.6 million in federal stimulus money for two phases of alpine work happening simultaneously in 2010; one from Big Bend to Logan pass, the other from Logan Pass to Siyeh Bend. Early spring and late fall road work will also occur between Avalanche Creek and the West Tunnel when vehicle travel is restricted. If additional funding becomes available, additional work may be accelerated. 4. Short traffic delays will occur between Big Bend and Logan Pass and Logan Pass to Siyeh Bend. Expect one-lane directional travel and no more than 40-minute delays from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. • •

Monday night through Friday, on the west side of Logan Pass, motor vehicle travel will be restricted between 9 p.m. and 7 a.m. between Big Bend and Logan Pass. The Sun Road east side will have the same restrictions, but will include a 15 -20 minute access window at 2 a.m. allowing vehicles to travel to, but not beyond, Logan Pass. For updates tune your radio to 1610 AM or call 5-1-1 anywhere in Montana and select option ‘5.’

5. Schedules for the multi-year rehabilitation call for opening lower elevations in the spring as weather and road work permits and opening the alpine section over Logan Pass from mid-June to mid-September. In 2010, the very earliest the entire Sun Road may open is Friday, June 18. Once open, the entire Sun Road will be open through Sunday, September 19, weather permitting. From the west, the spring vehicle closure will remain at Avalanche until the entire road opens to through traffic. Hikers and bicyclists will be allowed but may be restricted in construction zones. Parking at Avalanche will be limited. (See Going-to-the-Sun Road Five-Year Schedule on reverse side.) 6. Regardless of reconstruction on the Sun Road, vehicle access to Logan Pass ends every year no later than the Monday following the third full weekend of October (October 18, 2010), weather permitting. If snow storms and/or hazardous driving conditions cause temporary closures prior to the projected October vehicle closure date, every effort will be made to reopen to Logan Pass as conditions permit. 7. More information about the Sun Road rehabilitation project, general park roads information, and other visitor services is available at http://www.nps.gov/glac/planyourvisit/goingtothesunroad.htm or http://www.wfl.fhwa.dot.gov/projects/gtsr/. To receive email updates about the Sun Road project, please send an email message to gtsr@mail.wfl.fhwa.dot.gov. 8. For 2010, the Sun Road transit system operates July 1 through September 6 (Labor Day) from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. The system is FREE to all park visitors. An east side hiker shuttle is also available for a fee. 9. Guided park tours are available from park concessioners via boat, bus, foot and horse. For details, visit www.nps.gov/glac/planyourvisit/outdooractivities.htm. 10. The Apgar Transit Center and newly-remodeled St. Mary Visitor Center (SMVC) offer transit and trip-planning information, park displays and exhibits, including a film about the Sun Road at SMVC.

-NPS -

EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA™

The National Park Service cares for special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.

Glacier

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Glacier National Park Vacation Planner

A telephoto lens or a pair of binoculars is a safe way to improve your wildlife viewing experience. This Grizzly bear was safely photographed with a large telephoto lens - photo by David Restivo

Keep the Wild in Wildlife Prairie, Rocky Mountain, and west coast plants all meet in Waterton-Glacier. Add in the effects of natural processes such as fire, floods, and avalanches and you end up with a varied landscape which provides homes for many animals. This is also a meeting place for visitors from around the world! As a visitor here, take the time to learn about the wildlife and respect their need for undisturbed space. Although some animals spend part of the year close to roads and developed areas where they are easy to observe, enjoy viewing them at a distance. While some animals appear to tolerate people, approaching too close can disturb them from feeding areas or travel routes.

Because park animals are still wild, they remain unpredictable, and may strike out with antlers, horns, teeth, hooves, or claws without warning. Animals may be hit by cars if they hang around parking lots and roads, and habituated animals often have to be relocated or killed. Animal jams and habituated wildlife are serious problems. Please heed the advice of park staff who may be handling these situations. How can you help? Enjoy wildlife from a distance and properly store food and garbage. Never feed wildlife. We all share responsibility to keep Glacier healthy and wild.

Keep at least three bus lengths (100 ft/30 meters) away from large animals and a minimum of three times that distance from bears. Use binoculars or a telephoto lens to improve your view. Keep the animal’s line of travel or escape route clear and move away if wildlife approaches you.

Beating the Odds

Increase Your Chances of Observing Wildlife Look at dusk and dawn! Many animals are more active at those times. Remember however, hiking alone or after dark is never recommended in bear country. Look in a variety of habitats! One of the park’s most remarkable features is the diversity of habitats it offers. You will see different animals in forests than on the prairie or in marshy areas. Walk a trail! Spend some time away from the roads. Glacier offers fine short walks that can reward wildlife watchers.

Look in unusual places! Have you ever gone fish viewing? Have you spent some time watching the antics of chipmunks? Have you looked up for gliding eagles or rollicking ravens? Learn about animal behavior! Knowing when and where to look is important. For example, in autumn elk congregate in large groups around St. Mary. Harlequin ducks and American Dippers frequent the fast moving sections of streams and creeks. Golden eagles use the McDonald Creek valley in their fall migration.

Glacier National Park West Glacier, MT 59936-0128 406-888-7800

This visitor is way too close to a mountain goat, creating a potentially dangerous situation - photo by David Restivo

Visit both parks on the World Wide Web. Glacier National Park at www.nps.gov/glac or Waterton Lakes National Parks at www2.parkscanada.gc.ca/pn-np/ab/waterton/

Where to Stay Lodging

Various accommodations are available within the park. Visitors may choose from rooms in historic grand hotels dating back to the early 1900’s, modern motel-type accommodations, rustic cabins, or backcountry chalets. Lodges start to open in late May and some remain open until late-September. Reservations are encouraged! Accommodations fill early, especially for the peak months of July and August. For lodging and campground accommodations outside the park, check the TravelMT website at www.visitmt.com.

Campgrounds

Camping is permitted only in designated campgrounds. All campgrounds, except Fish Creek and St. Mary (see chart), are available on a “first-come, first-served” basis. Regulations are posted at each campground. Utility hookups are not provided. Group Sites

Ten group sites at Apgar, and one each at Many Glacier, St. Mary, and Two Medicine campgrounds, accommodate parties of 9-24 people. The fee is $50.00 for 9 people ($53.00 at St. Mary) and an additional $5.00 per person after that.

Campfires

Campfires are permitted only in designated campgrounds and picnic areas where grates are provided. Collecting firewood is prohibited except along the Inside North Fork Road from Dutch Creek to Kintla Lake, along the Bowman Lake Road, and around backcountry campgrounds that permit fires. Hiker-Biker Campsites

Sites are available for bicyclists and hikers. These shared sites hold up to eight people. The fee is $5.00 per person. Sites at St. Mary may be reserved and have an additional reservation fee. Granite Park Chalet - NPS photo

in-park Reservations Information

The Village Inn, Lake McDonald Lodge, Rising Sun Motor Inn, Swiftcurrent Motor Inn, and the Many Glacier Hotel are operated by Glacier Park, Inc. For information and reservations: Glacier Park, Inc., P.O. Box 2025 Columbia Falls, MT 59912 (406) 892-2525 www.glacierparkinc.com For reservations at the Apgar Village Lodge: Apgar Village Lodge, P.O. Box 410 West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 888-5484 www.westglacier.com Chalets Granite Park Chalet, accessible by trail only, operates as a hikers shelter from July through mid-September. Guests provide sleeping bag, water, food, and cooking utensils. Optional linen service is available. Sperry Chalet, a rustic backcountry chalet, is accessible by trail only. It operates from July through mid-September. Services include overnight accommodations and food services. For more information and required reservations please contact: Granite Park Chalet & Sperry Chalet c/o Belton Chalets, Inc. P.O. Box 189, West Glacier, MT 59936 (888) 345-2649 www.sperrychalet.com www.graniteparkchalet.com

Campground Information Estimated Dates

Fee

Sites

Flush Toilets

Disposal Station

Hiker Biker

For Larger RV’s and Additional Information

Apgar** May - mid-Oct.

$20.00

192

Yes

The largest 25 sites have a maximum parking space of 40’. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Avalanche June - early Sept.

$20.00

Yes

The largest 50 sites have a maximum parking space of 26’.

Bowman Lake mid May - mid Sept.

$15.00

Campground accessible by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Cut Bank June - early Sept.

$10.00

Campground accessible by dirt road, large units not recommended Primitive camping only, no potable water

Fish Creek* June - early Sept.

$23.00

180

Kintla Lake mid May - mid Sept.

$15.00

Campground accessible by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Logging Creek July - Sept.

$10.00

Campground accessible by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping only, no potable water

Many Glacier late May - Sept.

$20.00

110

Quartz Creek July - Nov.

$10.00

Rising Sun late May - mid Sept.

$20.00

Yes

Sprague Creek mid May - mid Sept.

$20.00

Yes

St. Mary* late May - Sept.

$23.00

148

Yes

Two Medicine late May - Sept.

$20.00

Yes

The largest 18 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. 62 additional sites will accommodate up to 27’.

The largest 13 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. Primitive camping is available after listed dates. Campground accessible by dirt road, large units not recommended. Primitive camping only, no potable water

Yes

The largest 10 sites have a maximum parking space of 25’. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Yes

No towed units Some sites have a maximum parking space of 21’.

Yes

The largest 25 sites have a maximum parking space of 35’. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Yes

The largest 13 sites have a maximum parking space of 32’. Primitive camping is available after listed dates.

Camping is permitted only in designated campgrounds. Campgrounds in primitive status have no water available. *Fish Creek and St. Mary Campgrounds may be reserved through the National Park Service Reservation System. **5 Group Sites in Apgar Campground may be reserved through the National Park Service Reservation System. Call 1-877-444-6777 or visit www.recreation.gov for specific reservation information.

Additional Services and Information Restaurants Food service is available at: Eddie’s Restaurant in Apgar • Russell’s Fireside Dining Room and Jammer Joe’s Restaurant & Pizzaria at Lake McDonald • Ptarmigan Dining Room and the Italian Garden Ristorante in the Many Glacier Valley • Heidi’s Snack Bar in the Many Glacier Hotel • Two Dog Flats Grill at Rising Sun • Snack Bar at Two Medicine Campstore.

Backcountry Guides Glacier Guides has exclusive rights to offer guided day hikes and backpacking trips into the backcountry. For information contact: Glacier Guides, Inc., Box 330, West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 387-5555 or (800) 521-7238 www.glacierguides.com

Campstores and Gift Shops Groceries and gifts are available at: Eddie’s Campstore, The Cedar Tree, Schoolhouse Gifts, and the Montana House of Gifts at Apgar • Lake McDonald Lodge Gift Shop and Campstore at Lake McDonald • Many Glacier Hotel Gift Shop and Swiftcurrent Campstore in the Many Glacier Valley • Rising Sun Campstore at Rising Sun • Two Medicine Campstore at Two Medicine.

Boat Trips & Rentals Narrated boat cruises are offered at Lake McDonald, Many Glacier, Rising Sun, and Two Medicine. Optional free guided hikes are offered on some trips. Boat and canoe rentals are also available. For information contact: Glacier Park Boat Company, P.O. Box 5262, Kalispell, MT 59903 (406) 257-2426 www.glacierparkboats.com

Cash Machines Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) are available at several locations in the park. 2

Guided Bus Tours and Shuttles Narrated tours and shuttle services are offered by Glacier Park, Inc. For reservations and information contact: Glacier Park, Inc., P.O. Box 2025 Columbia Falls, MT 59912 (406) 892-2525 www.glacierparkinc.com Sun Tours offers interpretive tours highlighting Blackfeet culture and history relating to Glacier National Park’s natural features. For reservation information, contact: Sun Tours, P. O. Box 234 East Glacier, MT 59434 (800) 786-9220 or (406) 226-9220

Horseback Rides Horseback rides are provided by Swan Mountain Outfitters at the following locations: Apgar, Lake McDonald, and Many Glacier. For information contact: Swan Mountain Outfitters P. O. Box 130278 Coram, MT 59913 1-877-888-5557 (summer) 1-800-919-4416 (winter) www.swanmountainoutfitters.com/glacier Other Services Additional services are available in Babb, East Glacier, Essex, Polebridge, St. Mary, West Glacier, and along U. S. Highway 2.

Printed on recycled paper

Weather

Activities Hiking

Over half of the visitors to Glacier report taking a hike. That’s a lot of hikers, but over 700 miles of trail provide many outstanding opportunities for short hikes, strenuous day hikes, or extended backpacking trips. Glacier has six self-guided nature trails for those wishing a short walk to explore the park on their own. Good day hikes are plentiful, and free maps to popular trails are available at park visitor centers. Visitor center bookstores carry a complete line of trail guides, topographic maps, and field guides to aid hikers. Publications are also available by mail. Call the Glacier Association at (406) 888-5756 or visit www.glacierassociation.org to place an order. Backcountry Camping

Hikers planning to camp overnight in Glacier’s backcountry must obtain a backcountry use permit. Some backcountry permits may be reserved in advance. For information on obtaining a backcountry reservation, check our website at: http://www.nps.gov/glac/planyourvisit/ backcountry.htm.

Driving

Park roads offer access to some of the most spectacular mountain scenery in the world. Take time to enjoy the views. If more than four vehicles stack up behind you, please use a pullout to let them pass safely. Be aware of wildlife along the roads, especially at dusk or at night. Animals often dart out in front of vehicles. Children may dart out in front of vehicles as well, so please watch for pedestrians along the road. Obey the posted speed limit. Going-to-the-Sun Road

Lower portions of this scenic route remain open year-round. Due to ongoing road rehabilitation projects, the alpine section of the road (over Logan Pass) will not open prior to June 17th, and may open later depending on weather and plowing progress. The section between Avalanche Creek and Logan Pass will close for the season on September 19th. Logan Pass will remain accessible from the east side of the park until the third week of October, weather permitting.

Raft Trips Many local rafting companies offer trips on the Middle and North Forks of the Flathead River, immediately adjacent to the park. For information contact the following companies: Glacier Raft Company P.O. Box 210, West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 888-5454 or (800) 235-6781 www.glacierraftco.com Great Northern Whitewater P.O. Box 270, West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 387-5340 or (800) 735-7897 www.gnwhitewater.com Montana Raft Company P.O. Box 330, West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 387-5555 or (800) 521-RAFT www.glacierguides.com Wild River Adventures P.O. Box 272, West Glacier, MT 59936 (406) 387-9453 or (800) 700-7056 www.riverwild.com

Vehicle Restrictions

To help reduce congestion, vehicle size restrictions are in effect. Vehicles, and vehicle combinations, longer than 21 feet (including bumpers) or wider than 8 feet (including mirrors), are prohibited between Avalanche Campground and Rising Sun. Vehicle and vehicle combinations over 10 feet in height may have difficulty driving west from Logan Pass to the Loop, due to rock overhangs. Stock trucks and trailers are able to access Packers Roost and Siyeh Bend. The park’s shuttle system offers free transportation along the Going-to-the-Sun Road. It begins early July and ends for the season Labor Day evening. Road Construction

Due to the long, snowy winters and late spring thaw the most productive time for road work is in the summer. For the 2011 season, road work on the Going-to-theSun Road will impact summer visitors with short daytime delays of up to 30 minutes total for a one-way trip across the road. Nighttime delays of up to 5 hours are possible throughout the summer.

Biking

Bicyclists are responsible for complying with all traffic regulations and must ride under control at all times. Keep to the right side of the road, riding in single file and pull over if four or more vehicles stack up behind you. During periods of low visibility, or between sunset and sunrise, a white light or reflector visible from a distance of at least 500 feet in front and a red light or reflector visible from at least 200 feet to the rear must be exhibited on the operator or bicycle. The more visible you are, the safer you will be! Bicycles are prohibited on all trails. Watch for falling rocks, drainage grates, debris, and ice on the road. Helmets are recommended. From June 15 through Labor Day, the following sections of the Going-to-the-Sun Road are closed to bicycle use between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m.: From Apgar turnoff (at the south end of Lake McDonald) to Sprague Creek Campground and Eastbound from Logan Creek to Logan Pass.

Entrance Fees Single Vehicle Pass...................................$25.00 Valid for 7 days. Single Person Entry..................................$12.00 By foot, bicycle, or motorcycle for 7 days Glacier National Park Pass........................ $35.00 Valid for 1 year from month of purchase. America the Beautiful - the National Parks and Federal Recreational Lands Pass allows entry into all national parks and federal recreation lands, that charge a fee. The cost is $80.00 and is valid for 1 year from month of purchase. Special fees are charged for commercial tour vehicles. There is no single fee that covers entrance into both parks. Glacier National Park and Waterton Lakes National Park charge separate entrance fees.

Allow 45 minutes to ride from Sprague Creek to Logan Creek and three hours from Logan Creek to Logan Pass. Roads are narrow; please ride safely.

Boating

Motorized watercraft is permitted on Lake McDonald, Waterton, Sherburne, St. Mary, Bowman, and Two Medicine Lakes. Bowman and Two Medicine Lakes are limited to 10 horsepower or less. A free launch permit is required for all motorized boats. To protect nesting Harlequin Ducks, the section of Upper McDonald Creek between Mineral Creek and Lake McDonald is closed to boating and floating from April through September 30. One U.S. Coast Guard approved, wearable, personal floatation device (per person), of the appropriate size for the intended user, must be carried on board. Personal watercraft (jet skis) are prohibited on all park waters.

Fishing

A license is not required, but there are regulations that need to be followed. The general park fishing season is from the third Saturday in May to November 30. Lakes are open year-round. Several bodies of water are either closed to fishing or are catchand-release only. Use of lead weights and sinkers is prohibited. Stop at a visitor center to obtain a copy of the current regulations.

Ranger Programs

Several times daily, rangers guide easy strolls, short half-day hikes, or vigorous all-day hikes. Each evening, at major campgrounds, the campfire circle is the place to meet for programs on a host of topics to help visitors learn about and enjoy their park. Illustrated slide programs are offered nightly at Fish Creek Campground Amphitheater, St. Mary Visitor Center, Lake McDonald Lodge, and Many Glacier Hotel. The Ranger-led Activities newspaper and schedule is available throughout the park and online. Schedules are posted online about 3 weeks before each program segment begins. Segments covers 3-4 weeks. Programs start early to mid-June and conclude at the end of September. http://www.nps.gov/glac/planyourvisit/ ranger-led-activities.htm

Important Park Regulations

Regulations are designed to protect park resources and preserve the quality of your visit. Park rangers and wardens strictly enforce park regulations. • Feeding or disturbing wildlife is against park regulations. • Removal of any natural or cultural feature like flowers, rocks, artifacts, or antlers is prohibited. • Picking of berries (including huckleberries) is limited to one quart/person/day. • Picking of mushrooms is prohibited.

Waterton-Glacier’s summer weather is as varied as its landscape. The western valleys generally receive the most rainfall, but daytime temperatures can exceed 90 degrees F. It is frequently 10 to 15 degrees cooler at higher elevations, like Logan Pass. Strong winds and sunny days often predominate on the east side of the park. Overnight lows throughout the park can drop to near 20 degrees F, and snow can fall anytime. Prepare for a variety of weather conditions and pack accordingly. You may start the day in a T-shirt and shorts, and need a sweater or parka by evening. Dress in layers. Always bring rain gear!

Pets Pets are permitted in campgrounds, along roads, and in parking areas. Pets must be on a leash no longer than 6 feet, under physical restraint, or caged at all times. Pet owners must pick up after their pets and dispose of waste properly. Pets are not to be left unattended and are not permitted on trails, in the back-country, or in any building.

Glacier All the Time, Online In addition to the main park website at: www.nps.gov/glac Glacier is also joining the social media bandwagon and pushing out content to users on various platforms. You can find , follow us on our us on page, view our videos on and down load high resolution site. images of the park from our Join us and stay connected to the best place on earth. http://www.twitter.com/glaciernps http://www.facebook.com/ GlacierNationalPark http://www.youtube.com/glaciernps http://www.flickr.com/photos/glaciernps http://www.nps.gov/glac/parknews/ blogs.htm

What About Firearms? As of February 22, 2010, a new federal law allows people (who can legally possess firearms under applicable federal, state, and local laws) to legally possess firearms in this park. It is the responsibility of visitors to under-stand and comply with all applicable state, local, and federal firearms laws before entering this park. Hunting, and recreational use of firearms, is prohibited. Federal law also prohibits firearms in certain facilities in this park; those places are marked with signs at all public entrances.

• Open containers of alcohol in a motor vehicle are prohibited. • Seat belts, or the appropriate child restraint system, must be worn by all occupants of motor vehicles. 3

Hiking in Bear Country Don’t surprise bears!

Don’t Approach Bears!

A bear constantly surprised by quiet hikers may become habituated to close human contact and less likely to avoid people. Don’t be tempted to approach or get too close to these bears.

Keep children close by. Hike in groups and avoid hiking early in the morning, late in the day, or after dark. Never intentionally get close to a bear. Individual bears have their own personal space requirements, which

vary depending on their mood. Each will react differently and its behavior can’t be predicted. All bears are dangerous and should be respected equally.

fleeing from silent hikers who unwittingly surprised them along the trail. Even if other hikers haven’t seen bears along a trail section recently, don’t assume that bears aren’t there.

Don’t Make Assumptions!

Don’t assume a bear’s hearing is any better than your own. Some trail conditions make it hard for bears to see, hear, or smell approaching hikers. Be particularly careful by streams, against the wind, or in dense vegetation. A blind corner or a rise in the trail also requires special attention.

If You Encounter a Bear What Do I Do if I Run Into a Bear?

Bear Attacks

If you surprise a bear

A commonly asked question is “What do I do if I run into a bear?” There is no easy answer. Like people, bears react differently to each situation. The best thing you can do is to make sure you have read all the suggestions for hiking and camping in bear country and follow them. Avoid encounters by being alert and making noise.

The vast majority of bear attacks have occurred because people have surprised a bear. In this type of situation the bear may attack as a defensive maneuver.

• Stop and assess the situation. Is it a black

Bears may appear tolerant of people and then attack without warning. A bear’s body language can help determine its mood. In general, bears show agitation by swaying their heads, huffing, and clacking their teeth. Lowered head and laid-back ears also indicate aggression. Bears may stand on their hind legs or approach to get a better view, but these actions are not necessarily signs of aggression. The bear may not have identified you as a person and is unable to smell or hear you from a distance.

In rare cases, bears have attacked at night or after stalking people. These types of attacks are very serious because it may mean the bear is looking at you as prey. If you are attacked at night or if you feel you have been stalked and attacked as prey, try to escape. If you cannot escape or if the bear follows, use bear spray, or shout and try to intimidate the bear with a branch or rock. Do whatever it takes to let the bear know you are not easy prey.

bear or grizzly bear? Does it have cubs? Is it aware of your presence? • If the bear appears unconcerned or

unaware of your presence, take this opportunity to quietly leave the area. Do not run! Back away slowly, but stop if it seems to agitate the bear.

• Most attacks end quickly. Do not move

until the bear has left the area. • If it’s a black bear fight back. Defensive

attacks by black bears are very rare.

• If the bear approaches or charges you,

stop. Stand your ground. Speak to it in a calm voice. • If it’s a grizzly and is about to make

contact, play dead. Lie on the ground on your stomach and cover your neck with your hands. • If a bear attacks and you have pepper

spray, use it!

Grizzly track - NPS photo

If You Carry Bear Spray, Know How to Use it This aerosol pepper derivative triggers temporarily incapacitating discomfort in bears. It is a non-toxic and non-lethal means of deterring aggressive bears. Bear spray has proven to be effective for fending off threatening and attacking bears, and for preventing injury to the person and the animal involved. There have also been cases where bear spray not worked

as well as expected. Factors influencing effectiveness include distance, wind, rainy weather, temperature extremes, and product formulation and shelf life. If you decide to carry bear spray, carry it in an easily accessible location, as you may need to get at it quickly. Use it only in situations where aggressive bear behavior justifies its use.

of bear spray into Canada, if it is in a container that specifically states it for use on animals. Small pocket varieties of bear spray are not permitted.

Canadian Customs will allow the importation

For Your Safety Drowning People are often surprised to find out that drowning is the number one cause of fatalities in Glacier. Please use extreme caution near water. Swift, cold glacial streams and rivers, moss-covered rocks, and slippery logs all present dangers. Children, photographers, boaters, rafters, swimmers, and fishermen have fallen victim to these rapid, frigid streams and deep glacial lakes. Avoid wading in or fording swift streams. Never walk, play, or climb on slippery rocks and logs, especially around waterfalls. When boating, don’t stand up or lean over the side, and always wear a life jacket. Sudden immersion in cold water (below 80° F) may trigger the “mammalian diving reflex.” This reflex restricts blood from outlying areas of the body and routes it to vital organs like the heart, lungs, and brain. The colder the water, the younger the victim, and the quicker the rescue, the better the chance for survival. Some cold-water drowning victims have survived with no brain damage after being submerged for over 30 minutes.

• Wear clothing that wicks moisture away. • Minimize wind exposure and if your clothes become wet, replace them. • Avoid sweating by dressing in layers, rather than in a single bulky garment. • Pack a sweater, warm hat, and rain gear for any hike. Warning Signs • Uncontrolled shivering, slow or slurred speech, memory lapses and incoherence, lack of coordination such as immobile or fumbling hands, stumbling, a lurching gait, drowsiness, and exhaustion. Immediate Treatment • Seek shelter from weather and get the victim into dry clothes. • Give warm non-alcoholic drinks. • Build a fire and keep victim awake. • Strip victim and yourself, and get into sleeping bag making skin-to-skin contact. • If victim is semi-conscious or worse, get professional help immediately.

Giardia Giardiasis is caused by a parasite (Giardia lamblia) found in lakes and streams. Persistent, severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea are the symptoms of this disease. If you experience any symptoms, contact a physician. When hiking, carry water from one of the park’s treated water systems. If you plan to camp in the backcountry, follow recommendations received with your permit. Bring water to a boil or use an approved filter. Mountainous Terrain Many accidents occur when people fall after stepping off trails or roadsides, or by venturing onto very steep slopes. Stay on designated trails and don’t go beyond protective fencing or guard rails. Supervise children closely in such areas. At upper elevations, trails should be followed carefully. Snow and Ice Snowfields and glaciers present serious hazards. Snow bridges may conceal deep crevasses on glaciers or large hidden cavities under snowfields, and may collapse under the weight of an unsuspecting hiker. Don’t slide on snowbanks. People often lose control and slide into rocks or trees. Exercise caution around any snowfield. 4

Camping & Bears Odors attract bears and other wildlife. Our campground and developed areas can remain “unattractive” to bears if each visitor manages food and trash properly. Regulations require that all edibles (including pet food), food containers (empty or not) , and cookware (clean or not) be stored in a hard-sided vehicle or food locker when not in use, day or night. • Keep a clean camp! Improperly stored or unattended food will likely result in confiscation of items and/or issuance of a Violation Notice. • Inspect campsites for bear sign and for careless campers nearby. Please notify a park ranger of any potential problems that you may notice. • Place all trash in bear proof containers. • Pets, especially dogs, must be kept under physical restraint. • Report all bear sightings to the nearest ranger immediately.

Bear proof can and inquisitive bear - NPS Photo

Odors attract all wildlife - photo by David Restivo, NPS

What Kind of Bear is That? Grizzly Bear Color

Physical Features

Range from blond to nearly black, sometimes have silver-tipped guard hairs that give them a “grizzled” appearance.

Black Bear

Grizzly bears often have a dished-in face and a large hump of heavy muscle above the shoulders. Their claws are about four inches (10 cm) long.

Physical Features

Color

Color is not a reliable indicator of species. Contrary to their name black bears also come in brown, cinnamon, and blond.

Facial profile is straighter from tip of nose to ears, without the dished-in look. Lack the hump of a grizzly and have shorter claws, generally around one and a half inches (4 cm) long.

Bears that obtain human food may have to be destroyed. Don’t leave any food, packs, or garbage unattended, even for a few minutes.

For Your Safety Wildlife Hazards Glacier provides a wonderful opportunity to view animals in their natural setting. Along with this opportunity comes a special obligation for park visitors. With just a little planning and forethought, visitors can help ensure the survival of a threatened or endangered species. Always enjoy wildlife from the safety of your car or from a safe distance. Feeding, harassing, or molesting wildlife is strictly prohibited and subject to fine. Bears, mountain lions, goats, deer, or any other species of wildlife can present a real and painful threat, especially females with young.

Mountain Lions A glimpse of one of these magnificent cats would be a vacation highlight, but you need to take precautions to protect you and your children from an accidental encounter. Don’t hike alone. Make noise to avoid surprising a lion and keep children close to you at all times. If you do encounter a lion, do not run. Talk calmly, avert your gaze, stand tall, and back away. Unlike with bears, if attack seems imminent, act aggressively. Do not crouch and do not turn away. Lions may be scared away by being struck with rocks or sticks, or by being kicked or hit. Lions are primarily nocturnal, but they have attacked in broad daylight. They rarely prey on humans, but such behavior occasionally does occur. Children and small adults are particularly vulnerable. Report all mountain lion encounters immediately!

Ticks Ticks are most active in spring and early summer. Several serious diseases, like Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, can be transmitted. Completely remove attached ticks and disinfect the site. If rashes or lesions form around the bite, or if unexplained symptoms occur, consult a physician. Rodents and Hantavirus Deer mice are possible carriers of Hantavirus. The most likely source of infection is from rodent urine and droppings inhaled as aerosols or dust. Initial symptoms are almost identical to the onset of flu. If you have potentially been exposed and exhibit flu-like symptoms, you should seek medical care immediately. Avoid rodent infested areas. Camp away from possible rodent burrows or shelters (garbage dumps and woodpiles), and keep food in rodentproof containers. To prevent the spread of dust in the air, spray the affected areas with a water and bleach solution (1½ cups bleach to one gallon of water).

Park Partners The Glacier Institute

The Glacier Institute serves as an educational leader in the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem, of which Glacier National Park is the heart. With something for all age groups, The Glacier Institute provides programs to learn about and enjoy the natural world through hands-on experience. Course activities consist of field classes, expeditions, and outdoor-based opportunities that emphasize the interrelated nature of life. Summer field courses can be as diverse as grizzly bear ecology, alpine and prairie flower identification, learning to capture Glacier National Park through photography or water color painting, or learning the culture of the Blackfeet Indians. For a Summer Catalog or for information, please contact: The Glacier Institute P.O. Box 1887, Kalispell, MT 59903 www.glacierinstitute.org (406) 755-1211

Glacier National Park Associates

The Glacier National Park Associates is an all-volunteer, nonprofit organization that assists with trail work, historic log structure preservation, and other projects that the park does not have adequate funding to complete. Volunteers complete at least one major project yearly, involving several days in the backcountry. The Associates manage the Backcountry Preservation Fund. Contributions from backcountry users to the fund are used to purchase supplies and materials ranging from bear-proof boxes to computer equipment. The fund also supports a backcountry ranger intern who works for 12 weeks in the park’s backcountry. Donations and members are welcome. Glacier National Park Associates Box 91, Kalispell, MT 59903 www.nps.gov/glac/supportyourpark/glacierassociates.htm (406) 387-4299

Forest discoveries - photo by Glacier Institute

Glacier Association

Bookstores in Glacier National Park visitor centers are operated by the Glacier Association. This non-profit organization works with the National Park Service to assist Glacier’s educational and interpretive activities, cultural programs, and special projects related to visitor services. A percentage of proceeds from book sales are donated to the park each year.

Members receive a 15% discount on items purchased at any of their stores, through their mail order business, and at many other national park visitor centers. Membership information is available at sales locations and by contacting: Glacier Association, Box 310, West Glacier MT 59936 www.glacierassociation.org (406) 888-5756

The Association has bookstores in: Apgar, Logan Pass, and St. Mary Visitor Centers, and the Polebridge, Two Medicine, and Many Glacier Ranger Stations, and at the Apgar Backcountry Permit Center. Trip Planning Aids The Glacier Association offers a variety of publications and maps that can help you prepare for your trip. Besides these featured publications, they offer books, DVD’s, and maps, relating to hiking, plants, animals, history, and geology. Something for all ages and interests. Glacier National Park-The First 100 Years Carol Guthrie In 1910 Glacier National Park was designated a national park, and it has undergone astonishing changes in the past 100 years. From the Great Northern Railway’s Swiss-style chalets and lodges to the glorious Going-to-the-Sun Road, its designations as an International Peace Park and World Heritage Site, Glacier National Park has a story unlike any other. Join in the celebration of the park’s centennial. 168 pages. Hardcover $39.95 Hiker’s Guide to Glacier National Park Glacier Natural History Association This guide profiles 25 of Glacier National Park’s best hikes that are guaranteed to lure you into the backcountry. Includes natural history tidbits and trail maps. Ranging from easy to strenuous, this handy book has something for everyone. 110 pages - $10.95

Hiking Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks by Erik Molvar Discover the wonder of these two spectacular parks as Hiking Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks leads you along 850 miles of trail - from short nature hikes to backcountry treks. Veteran hiker Erik Molvar provides the information you’ll need to get the most out of hiking, including trail and landscape information with difficulty assessment. 256 pages-3rd edition $15.95 Trails Illustrated Outdoor Recreation Map of Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks National Geographic Waterproof and tearproof, this 25x37 map is virtually indestructible. Includes general park and detailed backcountry information. Folds conveniently to fit inside a pack. This map is an excellent companion to any hiking or trail guide. Approximate scales: 1:100,000 with 100 foot contour intervals. GPS compatible with full UTM grid. Revised 2004 - $11.95

Going-to-the-Sun Road: Glacier National Park’s Highway to the Sky Carol Guthrie, in partnership with Glacier Association The intriguing tale of the history and the construction of the epic Going-to-the-Sun Road, one of the most scenic highways in the world. Laborers toiled for nearly 20 years to complete the 50-mile road that through the heart of Glacier. 72 pages. $12.95

The Glacier National Park Fund

The Glacier National Park Fund is an affiliate of the National Park Foundation, the official nonprofit partner of the National Park Service. Donations support various projects that benefit environmental, education, historic building restoration, wildlife research, endowing the historic fleet of red buses and backcountry trails and facilities. The Glacier National Park Fund supports the outstanding natural beauty and cultural heritage of Glacier National Park for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations by fostering public awareness and encouraging private philanthropy. For more information contact: The Glacier National Park Fund P. O. Box 2749 Columbia Falls, MT 59912 406-892-3250 www.glaciernationalparkfund.org

Road Guide, Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks by Thomas Schmidt This compact book navigates motorists anywhere they can drive in Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks. Names the mountain peaks you’ll drive past and mentions the wildlife that may cross your path. Contains easy-to-read maps and wonderful historic photographs. 96 pages - $8.95

Mule Deer - photo by David Restivo

Information on Areas Surrounding the Park National Parks Big Hole National Battlefield (406) 689-3155 Bighorn Canyon Natl. Recreation Area (406) 666-2412 Fort Union Trading Post Natl. Historic Site (406) 572-9083 Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site (406) 846-2070 ext 250 Little Bighorn Battlefield Natl. Monument (406) 638-2621 Nez Perce National Historical Park (208) 843-7001 Yellowstone National Park (307) 344-7381

National Forests Flathead National Forest (406) 758-5200 Kootenai National Forest (406) 293-6211 Lewis & Clark National Forest (406) 791-7700 Travel Montana For a complete listing of accommodations and services throughout the State of Montana, visit Travel Montana’s website. www.visitmt.com (800) 847-4868 Blackfeet Indian Reservation Immediately east of Glacier National Park lies the home of the Blackfeet Nation. Visit their official website. www.blackfeetnation.com

Montana Chambers of Commerce Glacier-Waterton Visitors Association P.O. Box 96, West Glacier, MT 59936 Flathead Convention & Visitor Bureau www.fcvb.org (800) 543-3105 Bigfork, MT www.bigfork.org (406) 837-5888 Columbia Falls, MT www.columbiafallschamber.com (406) 892-2072 Cut Bank, MT (406) 873-4041 Kalispell, MT www.kalispellchamber.com (406) 758-2800 Whitefish, MT whitefishchamber.com (406) 862-3501

Alberta Information Travel Alberta For a listing of accommodations and services throughout the Province of Alberta, visit Travel Alberta’s website. www.explorealberta.com (800) 252-3782 Alberta Chambers of Commerce Calgary, Alberta www.calgarychamber.com (403) 750-0400 Lethbridge, Alberta www.lethchamber.org (403) 327-1586 Waterton Park, Alberta www.mywaterton.ca (403) 859-2224

Waterton Lakes National Park “ As part of a Canada-wide system of national parks, Waterton Lakes represents the southern Rocky Mountains natural region - where “the Mountains Meet the Prairie.” Shaped by wind, fire and water, Waterton remains for all time a place of spectacular natural beauty - a Canadian legacy of mountains, lakes, prairies, forests, alpine meadows and wildlife.”

Scenic Drives and Attractions The Entrance Road

Auto Camping

These 8 kilometres (5 miles) provide magnificent views that beautifully illustrate the park’s theme, “where the mountains meet the prairie.”

Waterton’s three campgrounds provide almost 400 campsites. • The Townsite Campground has 238 sites, including 95 fully-serviced. Fees vary depending on the service provided. Fires permitted in picnic shelter stoves. Reservations recommended. Call 1-877-737-3783 or visit www.pccamping.ca • The Crandell Mountain Campground has 129 semi-serviced sites, and is located 8km down the Red Rock Parkway. • Belly River Campground, located on the Chief Mountain Highway 26km from the town, has 24 unserviced sites. Reservations can be made in advance for the group sites at Belly River. Call (403) 859-2224 for information.

Colourful prairie flowers and grasses, and the glittering blue chain of the Waterton Lakes, are set against a mountain backdrop. The sight of the historic Prince of Wales Hotel National Historic Site, on a knoll above the lakes, indicates you will soon arrive at our lakeside community.

Backcountry Camping

The Akamina parkway

This route begins near the townsite and runs for 16km (10 miles) along the Cameron Valley. Points of interest include the site of western Canada’s first producing oil well, the Oil City site, and scenic Cameron Lake.

Camping and Hiking

Entering Waterton - photo by Parks Canada

Cameron Falls

Located in the community, this picturesque waterfall is created as Cameron Creek falls into Waterton Valley.

The Red Rock Parkway

The Chief Mountain Highway is the primary route between Waterton Lakes and Glacier National Parks. The highway climbs from the grasslands near Maskinonge Lake to a viewpoint giving a magnificent vista of the Front Range of the Rockies and Waterton Valley. Enroute to the border crossing, the road traverses fields and forests, dotted with wetlands created by Crooked Creek.

The Bison Paddock

Hiking the Trails

The Bison Paddock, near the north entrance to the park off Highway 6, features a small herd of plains bison, maintained to commemorate the larger herds that once roamed freely in this area. The bison can be seen while driving a narrow road through the paddock. Please do not leave your vehicle. The road is not suitable for vehicles with trailers.

The Maskinonge Lake

The park’s diversity of habitats are home to a great variety of birds; over 250 species have been identified in Waterton. The Maskinonge area, located near the Park Entrance, is particularly rich in bird life.

Park Regulations Leave rocks, fossils, horns, antlers, wildflowers, nests, and other natural and historic objects undisturbed so that others may discover and enjoy them. Removal of such objects is subject to fines. • It is unlawful to feed, entice, or touch park wildlife. • Pets must remain on a leash at all times while in the park. Pets, on a leash, are allowed on trails in Waterton Lakes National Park. • Camping is permitted only in designated areas, as marked by signs. • Motorcyclists must wear a helmet. • Collection of dead or downed wood is not allowed. • A national park fishing permit is required in Canada’s National Parks.

Wildlife and Wildflowers

Bears, deer, elk, and bighorn sheep can be seen throughout the park, particularly in prairie areas. Sheep and deer frequent the community. Fall is probably the best time for wildlife watching. The larger animals come down from their summer ranges and waterfowl are on their migratory routes through the park. Wildflowers can be seen in the park at almost any season except winter. In spring and early summer, prairie wildflower displays are particularly rich. In late summer and early fall, wildflowers are blooming at the higher elevations. Arrowleaf balsamroot - photo by Parks Canada

Carthew-Alderson Trail - photo by Parks Canada

Bighorn sheep - photo by Parks Canada

Waterton Lakes National Park Services and Activities Lodging The Aspen Village Inn 1-(888) 859-8669 • Bayshore Inn & Convention Centre (403) 859-2211 • Bear Mountain Motel (403) 859-2366 • Crandell Mountain Lodge 1-866-859-2288 • Northland Lodge (403) 859-2353 • Prince of Wales Hotel - in Canada phone (403) 236-3400; in U.S. (406) 892-2525 • Waterton Glacier Suites (403) 8592004 or 1 866-621-3330 • The Waterton Lakes Resort (403) 859-2150 or 1-888-985-6343

Private Campgrounds Crooked Creek Campground (403) 653-1100 • Great Canadian Barn Dance (403) 626-3407 • Waterton Springs Campground (403) 859-2247

Other Services Include: • Clothing and gift shops, bookstores, movie rentals, liquor stores • a variety of cafes, restaurants, lounges and dining rooms • sporting supplies and hardware • post office • laundromat • service station • boat tours, bike and boat rentals • hiking tours, a horse riding facility • four churches • cash machines • art galleries • a movie theatre, health and recreation centre,18hole golf course, tennis court, ball diamond and playgrounds.

For Additional Information Contact Park Headquarters at: Information Waterton Lakes National Park Box 200 Waterton Park, Alberta T0K 2M0 Phone (403) 859-2224 email: waterton.info@pc.gc.ca or visit Waterton Lakes National Park on the internet at: www.pc.gc.ca/waterton

Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park World Heritage Site To: Cardston and Lethbridge

Waterton Lakes National Park

Crandell Mountain

Waterton All Services

Cameron Lake

(border closed) (border closed) Kintla Lake

Upper Chief Mountain Customs (seasonal) Waterton Lake

Upper Kintla Lake

Kintla Lake

Carway Chief Mountain Customs (seasonal) Customs Ch

ie f

Goat Haunt

30 mi 47km un t

ain Highwa y (s ea so

Cosley Lake

14 mi 22km

4 mi 6km

Bowman Lake

(sea al) son

Elizabeth Lake

Glacier

Bowman Lake Quartz Lake

UNITED STATES 10 mi 16km

Glenns Lake

22 mi 35km

CANADA

Piegan Customs

l) na

Roosville Customs is west of the park on Highway 93, north of Whitefish, MT

Belly River

Duck Lake

Babb 12 mi 19km

CONTINENTAL

464

HUDSON BAY DIVIDE

DIVIDE

National Park

St. Mary

The Loop

Logging Lake

Logging Creek In sid eN or th

Fo r kR oa 28 mi d (se 45km as o

Rising Sun

Siyeh Bend

Going-to-the Sun Road Sun

Logan Pass

Point

St. Mary Lake

na l)

20 mi 32km

Lake McDonald Lodge

Ca m as

Sperry Chalet

( ad Ro

Lake McDonald

11 mi 17.7km

Apgar Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park

Cut Bank

Sprague Creek Ro ad

Fish Creek

Gunsight Lake

Su n

l) na so sea

13 mi 21km

Avalanche

Go in gto -th e

Park Location

52 mi 83km

Trout Lake

St. Mary Visitor Center St. Mary

Logan Creek

13 mi 21km

9 mi 14km

Granite Park

Quartz Creek

Polebridge

Lake Sherburne

Many Glacier

Park Headquarters

Harrison Lake

9 mi 14km

Two Medicine Lake

West Glacier 10 mi 16km

89 9 mi 14km

Two Medicine

To: Browning

4 mi 6 km

2 Coram Martin City Hungry Horse To: Whitefish and Kalispell

Map Legend

Columbia Falls

North

Paved Roads

Campground

Nature Trail

Unpaved Roads

Food Service

Picnic Area

Rivers and Lakes

Horseback Rides

Ranger Station/ Warden Office

Boat Cruise/ Boat Rental

Lodging

Visitor Center/ Information Centre

Boat Launch Ramp

Distance Marker

Wheelchair Accessible Facilities

East Glacier Burlington Northern Santa Fe Tracks

CONTINENTAL DIVIDE

Distances from West Glacier Kalispell - 31 mi./50km * St. Mary - 52 mi./83km * Many Glacier - 73 mi./117km * Waterton - 95 mi./152km Distances from Waterton St. Mary - 43 mi./69km to * West Glacier - 95 mi./152km Lethbridge - 81 mi./130km

Marias Pass Essex

Walton

Goat Lick

* via the Going-to-the-Sun Road

57 mi 92km Printed on Recycled Paper 0108HO38

Additional Information Crossing the Border? The Department of State recommends that travelers apply now for travel documents that are required at all land or sea border entry points. Under the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) U.S. citizens will be required to present a government-approved document that denotes both citizenship and identity when entering the United States. The U.S. Passport Book and the U.S. Passport Card are the premiere documents that denote both citizenship and identity. A list of other government-approved documents is available at http://www.getyouhome.gov/. CHILDREN: U.S. citizen children under the age of 16 will be able to present the original or copy of their birth certificate, or other proof of citizenship such as a naturalization certificate or citizenship card. Single parents must have proof of custody of their children. Citizens of countries other than the United States and Canada are required to have a passport and visa (if required). Resident aliens must have a permanent resident card. Special restrictions exist on crossing the border

with pets, defensive sprays, alcohol, firewood, and purchases. All firearms must be declared! For specific requirements on crossing the border from the United States into Canada, call (250) 8873413. For information on crossing from Canada into the United States, call (406) 889-3865.

Ranger Station will be authorized outside of those hours of. Hikers traveling northbound into Canada from the United States are required to contact the Chief Mountain Port of Entry upon their arrival at Waterton townsite. Information on contacting the Port of Entry is available at the Waterton Lakes Visitor Centre or the Waterton

Accessibility A listing of Glacierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s facilities and programs accessible to vistiors with special needs is available at visitor centers and entrance stations, or you may request a copy by contacting Glacier National Park.

Travel To/From/Through Goat Haunt Travel between Canada and the Goat Haunt Ranger Station requires an official government issued photo identification card for U.S. or Canadian citizens or permanent residents. All others must carry a valid passport.

Station of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

The Apgar and St. Mary Visitor Centers, the Trail of the Cedars, Running Eagle Falls Nature Trail, the International Peace Park Pavilion, the Linnet Lake Trail (near the town of Waterton), the Waterton Townsite Trail, and the Cameron Lake Day Use area are all accessible by wheelchair.

Persons seeking to travel beyond the Goat Haunt Ranger Station into the United States must present documents that are Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative compliant. A list of governmentapproved documents is available at http://www. getyouhome.gov/. The Goat Haunt Port of Entry will operate between 11:00 a.m., and 5:00 p.m. No entry into the United States past the Goat Haunt

There are restrictions on all backcountry travel from the United States into Canada, within Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. For more information, please contact the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency in advance of any trip at (403) 653-3535. Border Crossings Adjacent to the Park. Roosville....................................... open 24 hours Piegan/Carway..........................7 a.m. to 11p.m. Chief Mountain May 15 to May 31.........9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. June 1 to Sept. 7..........7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Sept. 8 to Sept. 30.........9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.

Elevations Lake McDonald................ 3150 ft.......... 960 m Logan Pass........................ 6640 ft........ 2024 m Many Glacier.................... 4900 ft........ 1494 m Polebridge........................ 3600 ft........ 1097 m St. Mary Lake.................... 4500 ft........ 1372 m Two Medicine................... 5150 ft........ 1570 m Walton............................. 3900 ft........ 1189 m Waterton........................ 4200 ft........ 1280 m

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

Glacier National Park International Peace Park Biosphere Reserve World Heritage Site

P.O. Box 128 West Glacier, MT 59936 www.nps.gov/glac 406 888-7800 phone 406 888-7808 fax

Glacier National Park Information Sheet

Going-to-the-Sun Road 5-Year Schedule Going-to-the-Sun Road Rehabilitation 5-Year Projection for Spring Opening and Fall Vehicle Restriction Calendar Year

Earliest date for entire Sun Road spring opening across Logan Pass, weather permitting. (Tentative opening targeted for Friday before third weekend in June.)

Set date for Sun Road restrictions to through vehicle traffic for remainder of fall season. Logan Pass to remain open for vehicle access from one side, weather permitting. (Vehicle restrictions go into effect on Monday following third full weekend of September.)

2010

June 18, 2010

September 20, 2010 (Logan Pass vehicle access from St. Mary, with night work restrictions)

2011

June 17, 2011

September 19, 2011 (Logan Pass vehicle access from St. Mary, with night work restrictions)

2012

June 15, 2012

September 17, 2012 (Fall Logan Pass vehicle access TBA, with night work restrictions)

2013

June 21, 2013

September 23, 2013 (Fall Logan Pass vehicle access TBA, with night work restrictions)

2014

June 20, 2014

September 22, 2014 (Fall Logan Pass vehicle access TBA, with night work restrictions)

- NPS Revised: February 4, 2010 EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICAâ&#x201E;˘

The National Park Service cares for special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.