HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World

BirdLife International and Lynx Edicions proudly announce the publication of the first ever fully Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, with maps, detailed distributions, taxonomic notes and more.

IN TWO COMPACT VOLUMES! Volume 1: Non-passerines already available!

Josep del Hoyo, Nigel J. Collar

David A. Christie, Andrew Elliott, Lincoln D. C. Fishpool Published by Lynx Edicions in association with BirdLife International

A NEW CONCEPT: TWO WORKS IN ONE! It is a complete checklist with new and exciting taxonomy produced by a comprehensive review of the literature and the systematic application of quantitative criteria for recognising species limits.

AND It is a compact version of HBW with updated taxonomy, texts, illustrations and maps for all of the birds of the world, all in two volumes.

ABOUT HBW The Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) is the first work ever to illustrate and deal in detail with all the living species of birds.

The 17-volume encyclopaedia contains texts and illustrations from 277 authors and 33 illustrators from 40 countries.

The highly acclaimed series is the starting point for this Checklist, so the project already includes the work of a large group of specialists from around the world.

ABOUT BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL BirdLife International is the world’s largest nature conservation Partnership.

Together we are 120 BirdLife Partners worldwide – one per country – and growing, with 13 million members and supporters, over 7,000 local conservation groups and 7,400 staff.

BirdLife’s vision is a world rich in biodiversity, where people and nature live in harmony. We are driven by our belief that local people, working for nature in their own places but connected nationally and internationally through our global Partnership, are the key to sustaining all life on this planet. This unique local-to-global approach delivers highimpact and long-term conservation for the benefit of nature and people.

BirdLife is widely recognised as the world leader in bird conservation. Rigorous science informed by practical feedback from projects on the ground in important sites and habitats enables us to implement successful conservation programmes for birds and all nature. As BirdLife is the official Red List Authority for birds for the IUCN and the taxonomy presented in this Checklist is the basis for the Red List decisions, this work has important implications for conservation.

BirdLife International would like this ongoing Checklist to be as participatory, open and transparent as possible. An online system will be established where anyone interested can provide information and comments on the work, and these will be considered for future editions.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS Josep del Hoyo: Editor, Handbook of the Birds of the World (1992–2013); Director, HBW Alive; Member, BirdLife International Global Council (2004–2013); Vicepresident, Spanish Ornithological Society SEO/BirdLife (1994–2008).

Nigel J. Collar: Leventis Fellow in Conservation Biology, BirdLife International; Author, Threatened Birds of Africa and related islands (1985), Threatened Birds of the Americas (1992), Threatened Birds of Asia (2001).

David A. Christie: Assistant Editor, British Birds (1973–2002); Editor, Handbook of the Birds of the World (2003–2013); Author, Woodpeckers: An Identification Guide to the Woodpeckers of the World (1995), The Macmillan Birder’s Guide to European and Middle Eastern Birds (1996), Raptors of the World (2001, 2005).

Andrew Elliott: Editor, Handbook of the Birds of the World (1992–2013).

Lincoln D. C. Fishpool: Global Science Co-ordinator (IBAs), BirdLife International; Author, Important Bird Areas in Africa and Associated Islands: Priority Sites for Conservation (2001).

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Family ALCEDINIDAE

Genus ALCEDO

• A. a. floresiana Sharpe, 1892 – Bali and Lesser Sundas E to Wetar and Timor.

• A. a. hispidoides Lesson, 1837 – Cobalt-eared Kingfisher – Sulawesi, Moluccas and W Papuan Is, and

Linnaeus, 1758

33. Alcedo peninsulae

Malay Blue-banded Kingfisher

4 NT

coastal E New Guinea from Sepik R and Aroa R to Bismarck Archipelago, D’Entrecasteaux Is and Louisiade Archipelago.

HBW 6: 235 as Alcedo euryzona peninsulae

• A. a. salomonensis Rothschild & E. J. O. Hartert, 1905 – Nissan I (off E Bismarcks), and Solomon Is from

French: Martin-chasseur péninsulaire / German: Blauband-Eisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador bandeado de Malasia Taxonomic notes. Alcedo euryzonia [sic] peninsulae Laubmann, 1941, Malacca.

Hitherto treated as subspecies of A. euryzona, but differs on account of female having no broad blue breastband (3); male without blue wingpanel formed by broader blue fringes of secondaries (2); male with white mottling and dark grey tips on blue breastband (1); slightly smaller size (effect size for wing −1.987, n=20; score 1). Monotypic.

Distribution. S Myanmar and W Thailand S to Sumatra, and Borneo.

5

34. Alcedo euryzona

Javan Blue-banded Kingfisher

CR

HBW 6: 235

French: Martin-pêcheur à large bande / German: Brustband-Eisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador bandeado de Java Other common names: Blue-banded Kingfisher (when lumped with A. peninsulae) Taxonomic notes. Alcedo cryzona [sic] Temminck, 1830, Java.

Hitherto treated as conspecific with A. peninsulae (see above). Monotypic.

Distribution. Java.

35. Alcedo meninting

Blue-eared Kingfisher

LC

HBW 6: 238

French: Martin-pêcheur méninting / German: Menintingeisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador meninting Taxonomic notes. Alcedo Meninting Horsfield, 1821, Java.

May be closest to A. hercules1209; closely related also to A. quadribrachys and A. semitorquata. Some uncertainty over races in S India: possibly only coltarti present there, with phillipsi confined to Sri Lanka. Race scintillans intergrades with verreauxii; latter often synonymized with nominate. Various other described races include laubmanni (E India), amadoni (Palawan), subviridis (Banyak Is, Nias I), callima (Batu Is) and proxima (Mentawai Is), but these considered not sufficiently distinct. Six subspecies currently recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• A. m. coltarti E. C. S. Baker, 1919 – along base of Himalayas from C Nepal to Assam and E India (N Eastern Ghats) E to Myanmar, Thailand and Indochina.

• A. m. phillipsi E. C. S. Baker, 1927 – SW India (Western Ghats S from Goa) and Sri Lanka.

• A. m. rufigastra Walden, 1873 – Andaman Is. • A. m. scintillans E. C. S. Baker, 1919 – S Myanmar (S Tenasserim) and N peninsular Thailand.

• A. m. verreauxii De La Berge, 1851 – S peninsular Thailand and Malaysia S to Riau Archipelago, Bangka and Belitung, and E to Borneo, Palawan and Sulu Is. • A. m. meninting Horsfield, 1821 – Sumatra (including islands off W coast) and Java E to Lombok, also Sulawesi, Banggai Is and Sula Is.

36. Alcedo hercules

Blyth’s Kingfisher

NT

HBW 6: 240

French: Martin-pêcheur de Blyth / German: Herkuleseisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador hércules Taxonomic notes. Alcedo hercules Laubmann, 1917, Darjeeling, India.

Sometimes referred to as A. grandis, but this name is preoccupied and therefore invalid. May be closest to A. meninting1209. Monotypic.

Distribution. E Nepal E to Myanmar and S China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan) and S to Laos and C Vietnam.

37. Alcedo quadribrachys

Shining-blue Kingfisher

LC

Buka and Bougainville SE to Makira (San Cristobal).

40. Alcedo coerulescens

Cerulean Kingfisher

6

Subfamily CERYLINAE Genus MEGACERYLE

7

Kaup, 1848 Sometimes subsumed within Ceryle, but both phylogenetic analysis1208 and osteological evidence1322 support recognition of separate genera.

41. Megaceryle lugubris

Crested Kingfisher

8

38. Alcedo semitorquata

Half-collared Kingfisher

LC

HBW 6: 239

French: Martin-pêcheur à demi-collier / German: Kobalteisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador cobalto Taxonomic notes. Alcedo semitorquata Swainson, 1823, Great Fish River, South Africa.

Recent study suggested that this species is closest to A. quadribrachys, these two being sister to A. atthis and A. coerulescens1209. Formerly considered conspecific with A. atthis. Regional variations in wing length and bill depth are slight and often regarded as insufficient to warrant racial separation. Three subspecies tentatively recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• A. s. heuglini Laubmann, 1925 – Eritrea, Ethiopia and adjacent SE Sudan.

• A. s. tephria Clancey, 1951 – NW, NE & S Tanzania to S Angola, NE Namibia, E Botswana, Zimbabwe and C Mozambique; rare breeding records from Kenya.

• A. s. semitorquata Swainson, 1823 – S Mozambique and E & S South Africa.

39. Alcedo atthis

Common Kingfisher

LC

HBW 6: 238

French: Martin-pêcheur d’Europe / German: Eisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador común Taxonomic notes. Gracula Atthis Linnaeus, 1758, Egypt.

Recent study suggested that this species is closest to A. coerulescens, these two being sister to A. quadribrachys and A. semitorquata1209. Formerly considered conspecific with A. semitorquata. SE forms hispidoides and salomonensis are distinctive, especially on account of blue ear-coverts, but floresiana appears intermediate between these and races to W. Populations in C Asia, Afghanistan and Kashmir sometimes separated as race pallasii on basis of shorter bill and paler underparts, but they seem to fall within normal range of variation of nominate; proposed race japonica included within bengalensis. Seven subspecies currently recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• A. a. ispida Linnaeus, 1758 – S Norway, British Is and Spain (except S & E) E to W Russia and Romania; winters S to S Portugal, N Africa, Cyprus and Iraq.

• A. a. atthis (Linnaeus, 1758) – Common Kingfisher – NW Africa and S & E Spain E to Bulgaria, Afghanistan and NW India, then N to C Siberia and NW China; winters S to Egypt, NE Sudan, Oman and Pakistan.

• A. a. bengalensis J. F. Gmelin, 1788 – C India E to SE Asia, S & E China (including Hainan), N to SE Siberia, E Mongolia and Japan; winters S to Greater Sundas, N Sulawesi, Sula Is, N Moluccas and Philippines.

• A. a. taprobana O. Kleinschmidt, 1894 – S India (S of R Godavari) and Sri Lanka.

10

LC

HBW 6: 247

French: Martin-pêcheur tacheté / German: Trauerfischer / Spanish: Martín gigante asiático Other common names: Himalayan Pied Kingfisher Taxonomic notes. Alcedo lugubris Temminck, 1834, Nagasaki, Japan.

Forms a group with M. maxima, M. torquata and M. alcyon. Race continentalis rather poorly differentiated, and often merged with guttulata. Four subspecies currently recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• M. l. continentalis (E. J. O. Hartert, 1900) – foothills from NE Afghanistan E through Kashmir to W Bhutan.

• M. l. guttulata (Stejneger, 1892) – C Bhutan E in foothills to NE India and C, S & NE China and (now rare) N Korea, and S to S Myanmar, NW Thailand and C Vietnam.

• M. l. pallida (Momiyama, 1927) – N Japan (Hokkaido), possibly also S Kuril Is. • M. l. lugubris (Temminck, 1834) – C & S Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).

42. Megaceryle maxima

Giant Kingfisher

LC

HBW 6: 247

French: Martin-pêcheur géant / German: Riesenfischer / Spanish: Martín gigante africano Taxonomic notes. Alcedo maxima Pallas, 1769, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa.

Forms a group with M. lugubris, M. torquata and M. alcyon. Validity of darker form gigantea has been questioned, since light and dark forms have been found together in Liberia and in both Upper and Lower Guinea forests; further investigation required. Two subspecies tentatively recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• M. m. maxima (Pallas, 1769) – open areas from Senegambia E to W Ethiopia and S Kenya, and S to S Angola, N Botswana, and South Africa (mainly in E half, S to Cape Town and SW, and also Orange R).

• M. m. gigantea (Swainson, 1837) – forest from Liberia to S Nigeria, then E to W Tanzania and S to N Angola; also Bioko.

43. Megaceryle torquata

Ringed Kingfisher

HBW 6: 237

French: Martin-pêcheur azuré / German: Schillereisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador brillante Taxonomic notes. Alcedo quadribrachys Bonaparte, 1850, Guinea.

Recent study suggested that this species is closest to A. semitorquata, these two being sister to A. atthis and A. coerulescens1209. Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• A. q. quadribrachys Bonaparte, 1850 – Senegambia to W Nigeria (E to R Niger).

• A. q. guentheri Sharpe, 1892 – SE Nigeria E to extreme S South Sudan and Uganda (L Victoria), and S to N Angola and NW Zambia.

LC

HBW 6: 235

French: Martin-pêcheur aigue-marine / German: Türkiseisvogel / Spanish: Martín pescador azulado Other common names: Small Blue Kingfisher Taxonomic notes. Alcedo cœrulescens Vieillot, 1818, Timor; error = Java.

Recent study suggested that this species is closest to A. atthis, these two being sister to A. quadribrachys and A. semitorquata1209. Monotypic.

Distribution. S Sumatra through Java, Kangean Is and Bali to Lombok and Sumbawa; recorded also on Flores.

LC

HBW 6: 247

French: Martin-pêcheur à ventre roux / German: Rotbrustfischer / Spanish: Martín gigante neotropical Taxonomic notes. Alcedo torquata Linnaeus, 1766, Mexico.

Forms a species-group with M. lugubris, M. maxima and M. alcyon; present species and M. alcyon are sisterspecies1208. Three subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• M. t. torquata (Linnaeus, 1766) – extreme S USA (extreme S Texas) and NW Mexico (S Sinaloa) S to Peru, SE Bolivia, NE Argentina and Uruguay, also Margarita I (off N Venezuela) and Trinidad.

• M. t. stictipennis (Lawrence, 1885) – NC Lesser Antilles (Guadeloupe, Dominica and Martinique).

• M. t. stellata (Meyen, 1834) – S Chile and Argentina to Tierra del Fuego; migrates N to C Chile and NE Argentina.

9

44. Megaceryle alcyon

Belted Kingfisher

LC

HBW 6: 248

French: Martin-pêcheur d’Amérique / German: Gürtelfischer / Spanish: Martín gigante norteamericano Taxonomic notes. Alcedo Alcyon Linnaeus, 1758, South Carolina, USA. Forms a species-group with M. lugubris, M. maxima and M. torquata; present species and M. torquata are sister-species1208. Proposed separation of population from W coast as race caurina on basis of larger size is unwarranted, as size is variable across species’ entire range. Monotypic.

Distribution. Aleutian Is and CW Alaska (Seward Peninsula) E through S Canada to Labrador and Newfoundland, and S throughout USA to S California and S Texas and N coast of Gulf of Mexico. Winter range S to E Panama, Caribbean islands to Trinidad, N Colombia, N Venezuela and N Guyana; also Galapagos Is.

Genus CERYLE

Boie, 1828 Distinctive, with no close relatives; some authors have placed some or all members of Megaceryle in present genus, but both phylogenetic data1208 and osteological evidence1322 support recognition of separate genera.

45. Ceryle rudis

Pied Kingfisher

11

LC

HBW 6: 249

French: Martin-pêcheur pie / German: Graufischer / Spanish: Martín pescador pío Other common names: Lesser Pied Kingfisher Taxonomic notes. Alcedo rudis Linnaeus, 1758, Egypt.

Authorship of race travancoreensis previously given erroneously as Whistler & Kinnear1402. Populations from Turkey and Levant countries E to SW Iran described as race syriacus, but differences from nominate considered questionable; further study needed. Four subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

• C. r. rudis (Linnaeus, 1758) – C & S Turkey and Israel to Syria, Iraq and SW Iran, also N Egypt and Nile Valley, and sub-Saharan Africa (except arid regions).

• C. r. leucomelanurus Reichenbach, 1851 – NE Afghanistan, W Pakistan and India (except SW) S to Sri Lanka, and E to Thailand and Indochina.

• C. r. travancoreensis Whistler, 1935 – SW India (from N Kerala S to Cape Comorin).

• C. r. insignis E. J. O. Hartert, 1910 – SE China, including Hainan.

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Plate 271 from Volume 1 of the HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, painted by Norman Arlott and Tim Worfolk.

Reduced scale. Actual size 31 x 24 cm.

1

Newly revised BirdLife International and NatureServe distribution maps for all species, with country borders included.

2

Colour illustrations for all species, including distinctive subspecies and morphs, from the HBW series with numerous corrections and new figures.

3

Plate layout subtly divided by species and genera for a clearer arrangement.

4

Each species conveniently cross-referenced to the volume and page of its treatment in the HBW series.

5

Changes and other relevant issues fully explained under Taxonomic notes of each species.

6

Current official IUCN category of each species from the 2014 BirdLife International/IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

7

Completely updated at the macrosystematic, genus, species and subspecies levels.

8

Reference numbers included in text associated with complete bibliographical list at the end of the volume.

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Detailed descriptions of ranges for all species and subspecies.

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Colour-coded subspecies groups marked to highlight distinct forms and their relationships.

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Revised species names in French, German and Spanish, and other common names in English when appropriate.

TAXONOMIC RESULTS In this Checklist, a modern, broad version of the Biological Species Concept (BSC) has been applied, with the aid of the scoring system to evaluate differences in morphology, vocalizations, ecology and geographical relationships published in Ibis by Tobias et al.

(2010)*. For the non-passerines, this has resulted in relatively few lumps (22) but a much higher number of splits, 462 in total at the time of writing, compared with the taxonomy presented in the HBW series. Groups with major changes in species numbers include:

Pigeons 46 splits, e.g.

Hummingbirds 36 splits, e.g.

Seabirds 32 splits, e.g.

Owls 26 splits, e.g.

Lompobattang Fruit-dove Ramphiculus meridionalis

Butterfly Coquette Lophornis verreauxii

Spectacled Petrel Procellaria conspicillata

Himalayan Owl Strix nivicolum

Kingfishers 29 splits, e.g.

Barbets 24 splits, e.g.

Woodpeckers 39 splits, e.g.

Parrots 46 splits, e.g.

Black-faced Kingfisher Lacedo melanops

Brown-and-white Barbet Lybius senex

Northern Andean Flicker Colaptes cinereicapillus

Snow Mountain Tiger-parrot Psittacella lorentzi

* J.A. Tobias, N. Seddon, C.N. Spottiswoode, J.D. Pilgrim, L.D.C. Fishpool & N.J. Collar (2010). Quantitative criteria for species delimitation. Ibis. 152: 724–746.

SAMPLES

An extensive introduction, with many illustrated examples, explains the rationale and advantages of the taxonomic system adopted in the Checklist, as well as how to use the book.

Two appendices cover all the species considered to have become extinct since 1500. The first gives full treatment, including text, illustration and former range map, for the extinct species known from complete specimens. The second provides information for the extinct species not known from complete specimens.

Large-format maps offer the reader assistance in interpreting the distribution sections. They provide both administrative and physical details, for greater clarity of use.

Volume 1: Non-passerines

Price: 185 € Free shipping worldwide

Product details of Volume 1: Non-passerines 35 orders • 105 families • 988 genera • 4,372 extant species • 99 extinct species 357 plates • 8,290 bird illustrations • 4,428 distribution maps • 34 full-page reference maps • 2,126 bibliographical references 31 x 24 cm • hardback • 904 pages • ISBN: 978-84-96553-94-1 • Code: ILCHK01

Volume 1: Non-passerines - Available Volume 2: Passerines - Due 2016 For more information and orders: LYNX EDICIONS: Montseny 8, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona – Spain Tel.: +34 93 594 77 10 – Fax: +34 93 592 09 69 – lynx@hbw.com – www.lynxeds.com