Distribution companies, farmers, logistics companies, retailers & supermarkets
Mode of transport impacts, vehicle design, schedule, pollution (noise & air), congestion, infrastructure maintenance, nutrition
Mode of transport, vehicle design, load profile, driver training, fuel type, air quality, food miles & CO2 emissions/climate change, energy use, packaging
Mode of transport & costs, employment, vehicle design, load profile, information & communication technology, refrigeration, storage & warehousing
Labor standards, skills & training
Emergency/ disruption, oil dependency, ‘Just-in-Time’ delivery, mode of transport, infrastructure maintenance, international relations, climate change
Stage 4: Food retail
BME retailers, catering companies, convenience retailers, direct selling (box schemes, internet, markets), importers/ exporters, target groups, markets (street & farm), off licences, public sectors, restaurant, SME retailers, cooperatives, social enterprises
Transport impacts, food safety & hygiene
Transport impacts, congestion, climate change, production methods
Price, employment, pricing system (e.g. farm gate price) & contract criteria, quality, reliability, WTO rules, import/ export duty, quality assurance standards
Eating out & ‘on the go’
Emergency disruption to supplies, price, quantity, reliability, food access, nutritional value, transport infrastructure, climate change, biodiversity, energy supply, diversity of supply
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Food Security: Local and Individual Solutions to a Global Problem
Stage 3: Transport, storage & distribution