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Table 3.2 Available data on factors suspected to affect the absorption of fat-soluble microconstituents (FSM) S1
L
A
M
E
N
G
H
I
Vitamin A
0
þ
0
þþ
þþ
þ
0
þþ
0
Provitamin A carotenoids
þþ
þ
0
þþ
þþ
þ
þ
þ
0
Vitamin E
þþ
þ
þ
þ
þþ
0
þ
þþ
0
Vitamin D
þ
þ
0
þ
þþ
þ
0
þþ
0
Vitamin K
þþ
0
þ
þþ
þþ
0
0
þþ
0
Non-provitamin A carotenoids
þþ
þ
0
þþ
þþ
0
þ
þ
0
Phytosterols
þ
0
þ
þ
0
0
þþ
0
0
1 The mnemonic SLAMENGHI enumerates the factors suspected to govern FSM bioavailability. Each letter represents one factor: Species of FSM, molecular Linkage (mainly esterification), Amount of FSM consumed in a meal, Matrix in which FSM is incorporated, Effectors of absorption and bioconversion (mainly disease, age, sex), Nutrient status of host (in corresponding FSM), Genetic factors, Host-related factors, and mathematical Interactions. þþ: indicates there were more than three references on factor suspected to affect absorption; þ: indicates there were only some references (between 1 and 3) on this factor; 0: indicates there were apparently no data on this factor.
Patrick Borel
FSM species