Studies to support the development of new generation capacities and related transmission Task 4 - Site selection Volume 1 –Main report
November, 2007 Page 33 (104)
Therefore a comparison between measured and calculated immission will be questionable due to the changed situation. 5.1.2
Results and recommendations Calculations have been performed for the following emission situations: 1. actual/current situation with operation of Kosovo A and B TPP's, fly ash emissions from the ash dumps as well as the facilities for ash handling, transportation and tipping 2. actual/current operation of Kosovo A and B TPP's without fly ash sources 3. future situation with maximum operation of Kosovo B and C (4 blocks) TPP's Calculations have been conducted for the emissions of SO2, NOx, total dust and PM10 as well the heavy metals nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) as the most important substances in the fly ash due to their content and the limit value for humans along the inhalation pattern. Table 5-1 gives an overview of the current and future emissions and emission factors used, Table 5-2 gives the contents of selected heavy metals in the emitted fly ash. Compared with the current situation, 1. the NOx and the fly ash emissions from Kosovo B will drop to 40 % resp. to 36 %, due to refurbishment measures 2. the total emissions from the power plants of SO2 will increase by 38 % whereas the emissions of NOx, total dust, PM10 and heavy metals will drop to 64 % (NOx), 13 % (total dust), 19 % (PM10 and heavy metals), despite a 3fold higher power production.
3 770 5 278 844 12 6
15 600 17 160 2 808 16 16
1000 t/a 1000 t/a g/MWh 1000 t/a
14 305 5,10 5,7
3,3
1,2
2,2
5,6
0,88 1,3
0,32 0,54
0,14 1,0
0,86 1,7
Emission factors A B current B future Dust mg/m³ 1000/700 150 30 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) mg/m³ 300 400 400 Nitrogen oxides (NOx) mg/m³
European Agency for Reconstruction Pöyry-CESI-Terna-Decon
700
500
500
C 30 200 200
Future / actual
3 770 5 278 844 12 15
Future (B+C)
Kosovo C
2 786 4 758 761 8 20
Current (A+B)
Kos. B future
MWh 1000 t/a 1000 t/a 1000 t/a 1000 t/a
Ash tips (assessed)
Kos. B current
power produced fuel burned ash content of burned fuel SO2 emitted NOx emitted fly ash emitted dry fly ash deposited fly ash emission per MWh fly ash PM10
Kosovo A
Table 5-1. Power production and related emissions (current and future).
6 556 10 036 1 606 20 35
19 370 22 438 3 652 28 22
295 % 224 % 227 % 138 % 64 %
18 305 6,0 7,0
3
19 % 0% 7,6% 21 %
0,5 1,5
Assumptions for future Kos. A dismantled Kos. B refurbished Fly ash wet dumped & sealed in the old mines