Passano. 2006. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) Land Tenure Alternative Conflict Management. Rome: FAO).
CADASTRAL SURVEY The Cadastral Survey in the Philippines is a survey covering an entire municipality or city consisting of several or many parcels of land undertaken for the purpose of title clearance and land registration. Cadastral Act 2259, which governs the Cadastral Survey, is intended primarily for the purpose of quieting title to any land within a particular area by way of compulsory registration proceedings and thus minimizing land conflicts. The owners of lots surveyed must lay claim to their land holdings and must prove their ownership during the subsequent court proceedings because failure on their part to do so may give the court no choice but to declare these lands as public lands (http://www.cadastraltemplate.org/countrydata/ph.htm).
CUSTOMARY LAWS This refer to a body of written and/or unwritten rules, usages, customs and practices traditionally and continually recognized, accepted and observed by respective ICCs/IPs. (Chapter II, Section 3 (f ), Republic Act 8371 “Indigenous Peoples Rights Act”)
CERTIFICATE OF ANCESTRAL DOMAIN TITLE The term refers to a title formally recognizing the rights of possession and ownership of ICCs/IPs over their ancestral domains identified and delineated in accordance with this law. (Chapter II, Section 3 (c), Republic Act 8371 “Indigenous Peoples Rights Act”)
HOMESTEAD Homestead is a mode of concession designed for frontier areas or virgin lands of the public domain. Used by the Americans to hasten settlements and development of the West, it was incorporated in the first Public Land Act of 1903, and is still provided for in the present Constitution and C.A. No. 141, as amended. (Casanova, Ramon. “Public Land Laws of the Philippines.” In Philippines-Australia Land Administration and Management Project. July 2002. Land Laws and Regulations Policy Study. Final Report. Vols. 1 and 2. (Report A2) http://www.phil-lamp. org/lamp2studies.html)
COMMUNAL OWNERSHIP This is a commonly used term to describe those situations where rights to use resources are held by a community. It often includes communal rights to pastures and forests, and exclusive private rights to agricultural and residential parcels. In such community-based tenure regimes, people may not have the right to transfer their land to others, or may have strictly limited rights to transfer (for example, transfers may be limited to heirs through inheritance, or sales may be restricted to members of the community.) (Herrera, Adriana and Maria Guglielma da
“Ilaga” MOVEMENT The years 1969 to 1972 was a period of indiscriminate encounters between Muslims and Christians, mostly in Central Mindanao, that peaked in 1971 popularized by the media as the “Mindanao crisis”. The Ilaga emerged during this period that was first convened by seven politicians in Cotabato led by Mayor Nicolas Dequina of Midsayap. Muslim leaders later tagged the seven politicians as the Magnificent Seven. In an interview with historian B.R. Rodil, Mayor Dequina claimed that this was organized in self-defense. The Ilaga evolved into self-supporting XI
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