L1PMA / MODERN GREEK PAINTERS

NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

ENGINEERING THE ART THROUGH THE LENS OF L1PMA:

A TRIBUTE TO THE MODERN GREEK PAINTERS vol. 1 Dr. ATHANASIOS G. LAZAROPOULOS

Dr. Athanasios G. Lazaropoulos email: AGLazaropoulos@gmail.com Oct. 2014 The couer painjing is based on jhe Tsarotchis’ “Fotr Seasons” painting

Introduction Piecewise Monotonic data Approximation (PMA) has been introduced by Demetriou and Powell in [1]. Among the various methods proposed to perform piecewise monotonic data approximation, Demejriot’s L1PMA deserves special attention due to its simplicity and its free-online availability [2]. In fact, L1PMA solves data approximation problems in O(kn2) computer operations and O(n) best monotonic calculations to subranges of data where k is the number of monotonic sections chosen by the user and n is the number of data.

Although there is a significant number of useful applications of the method in signal restoration, image processing and spectroscopy, it is the first time that L1PMA is adopted in art.

This art book is dedicated to modern Greek painters that continue the legacy of their predecessors, ancient Greek artists. Based on the paintings of the elite of modern Greek painters [3], [4], this art book highlights the mixture result of painting masterpieces with a strict technical method, such as L1PMA. Across this art book, a game among approximation polarizations, number of monotonic sections, contrast, real/approximation residual and cube dimensions timelessly occurs.

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Alekos Fassianos Nikolaos Gyzis Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas Georgios Jakobides Photis Kontoglou Nikiforos Lytras Yiannis Moralis Dimitris Mytaras Konstantinos Parthenis Yannis Tsarouchis Konstantinos Volanakis

Alekos Fassianos Fassianos’ personal style has been shaped at the 60s. His subjects are inspired by Greek myths, Fayum portraits, Byzantine icons and the shadow theatre. The motion defines the fundamental element in his paintings. This motion is emphasized by the hair or cloth waving in the breeze. His artistic maturity is characterized by figure voluptuousness and color luminosity. L1PMA further emphasizes this tniqte Fassianos’ artistic brio.

Number of monotonic sections: 2 Approximation polarization: Horizontal Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Fassianos’ vorks are made in the expressionist style.

Through his paintings, he enjoys to highlight the sensuality and the immense pleasure of everyday life using grotesque figures. The color shifts that are created by the application of L1PMA further enhances Fassianos’ juvenile passion and charm.

Fassianos’ family outside Hagia Sophia

Number of monotonic sections: 4 Approximation polarization: Vertical Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Red Bicycle

Number of monotonic sections: 1-6 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Nikolaos Gyzis Gyzis was considered one of Greece's most important 19th-century painters. He was the patriarch of the so-called "Munich School", the major 19thcentury Greek art movement.

Here, L1PMA explores the wide color palette of Gyzis’ vorks through the creation of intense shade contrasts.

The Marriage Engagement

Number of monotonic sections: 3 Approximation polarization: Horizontal Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 1 pixel

After the Destruction of Psara

Number of monotonic sections: 2 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 1 pixel

The Secret School

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Nikos HadjikyriakosGhikas Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas was a leading painter, sculptor, engraver, writer and academic.

He studied ancient and Byzantine art as well as folk art due to his adoration for the Greek landscape.

Composition with Rhythmic Objects

Number of monotonic sections: 3 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: -40% Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 1 pixel

During his youth, he was exposed to the avant-garde European artistic trends.

Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas gained recognition as the leading Greek cubist artist. Here, L1PMA deals with the harmony and purity of Greek art.

Pegassos

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Horizontal Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 5 pixels

In his works, HadjikyriakosGhikas loves to deconstruct the Greek landscape into simple geometric shapes and interlocking planes.

His cubist result is further intensified by the L1PMA color rigidness.

Great Landscape in Hydra

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Vertical Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 5 pixels

Georgios Jakobides Jakobides was one of the main representatives of the Greek artistic movement of the Munich School. He founded and was the first curator of the National Gallery of Greece in Athens.

Here, L1PMA gives anonymity to the Jakobides’ figtres while it disperses the pastel colors and sweet feelings of background.

Children's Concert

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 4 pixels

The First Steps

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 4 pixels

The Naughty Grandson

Number of monotonic sections: 3 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 3 pixels

Photis Kontoglou Kontoglou was writer, painter and icon painter. He was a particularly productive artist and a devout Orthodox Christian.

He undertook the restoration and the painting of the frescos of various churches all around Greece. L1PMA offers the required devout feeling and God-fearing background for such religion-based works.

Collage of Works

Number of monotonic sections: 3 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 4 pixels

Nikiforos Lytras Lytras was a nineteenth-century painter.

After completing his art studies, he became a professor at the School of Arts in 1866, a position he held for the rest of his life. He remained faithful to the precepts and principles of the academism of Munich, while paying great attention both to ethographic themes and portraiture.

The Burning of the Turkish Flagship

Number of monotonic sections: 4 and 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 4 and 5 pixels, respectively

Yiannis Moralis Moralis was an important visual artist.

He was also part of the so-called "Generation of the '30s". From the 1970s, he moved from the realistic depictions of the human form towards a geometric stylization incorporating curves.

Similarly to Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas’ vorks, L1PMA intensifies the cubist and geometric restlj of Moralis’ painjings creating more vivid color regions.

New Woman

Number of monotonic sections: 2-4 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Over the years, Moralis was also involved with creating theatrical set and costume designs illustrating poetic works and decorating architectural works such as the faรงade of the Athens Hilton, the Metro-Station "Panepistimiou" and the Athens Central Station.

Funeral Synthesis

Number of monotonic sections: 4 and 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 2 and 4 pixels, respectively

Dimitris Mytaras Mytaras is considered as one of the most important Greek painters of the 20th century. His works are mainly inspired by the human figure and the combination of naturalism and expressionism. From the 1960s onward, Mytaras moved in the direction of Critical Realism, while from 1975, he follows a more expressionistic artistic path. Here, L1PMA launches Myjaras’ energy and color innocence.

Number of monotonic sections: 4 Approximation polarization: Horizontal Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Boats 2

Number of monotonic sections: 4 Approximation polarization: Horizontal Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 6 pixels

Number of monotonic sections: 4 Approximation polarization: Vertical Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Synthesis from the “Imaginary Theatre�

Number of monotonic sections: 4 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 4 pixels

Konstantinos Parthenis Parthenis broke with the Greek academic tradition of the 19th century and introduced modern elements mixed with traditional themes. Here, L1PMA creates the necessary blurriness around divine creatures while it offers the necessary mystic atmosphere of the metastasis process.

ijhanasios Diakos’ Apotheosis

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 3 and 5 pixels

Yannis Tsarouchis Tsarouchis studied at the Athens School of Fine Arts being student of Kontoglou who introduced him to Byzantine iconography. Tsarouchis also studied popular architecture and dressing customs.

Sailor

Number of monotonic sections: 1, 2 and 3 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 1 pixel

Tsarouchis was among the pioneers of the movement for the introduction of Greek tradition in painting. He came in contact with the Renaissance art and Impressionism. In 1949, he and other Greek artists established the "Armos" art group.

He filled his canvases with images of vulnerable men. Anyway, the amalgam of cubes and L1PMA delivers a refreshing pop-art style in Tsarotchis’ vorks.

Four Seasons

Number of monotonic sections: 5 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: No Cube dimension: 10 and 12 pixels

Konstantinos Volanakis Volanakis is considered one of the best Greek painters of the 19th century.

He studied in the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. He is one of the foremost representatives of the Munich School.

His works are presently exhibited in major museums in Greece and abroad.

In the adjacent collage, L1PMA achieves to harmonically blend three irrelevant Volanakis’ naual vorks.

Collage of Three Naval Works

Number of monotonic sections: 3 Approximation polarization: Mixed Contrast: No Real/Approximation residual: Yes Cube dimension: 1 pixel

References [1] I. C. Demejriot and M. J. D. Povell, “Leasj sqtares smoojhing of tniuariaje daja jo achieue piecevise monojonicijy”, IMA J. of Numerical Analysis, vol. 11, pp. 411-432, 1991.

[2] I. C. Demejriot, “L1PMi: i Forjran 77 Package for Besj L1 Piecevise Monojonic Daja Smoojhing”, Computer Physics Communications, vol. 151, no. 1, pp. 315-338, 2003.

[3] http://history-pages.blogspot.gr/2012/08/11.html [4] http://en.wikipedia.org/