WRF Book of Abstract by Lawrence Babanto

International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE)

2011-2013 Officers President dr. genaro v. japos Liceo de Cagayan University Philippines

Vice-President for Asia Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani STIE Perbanas Surabaya, Indonesia Vice-President for Middle East North Africa Dr. Liza M. Gernal United Arab Emirates Secretary Dr. Terfa Kahaga Anjov Benue State University Makordi, Nigeria Treasurer Ramesan Madahvi Azadboni University of Mazandaran Islamic Republic of Iran Auditor Dr. Vipan Kumar National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi, India pio dr. TANZILA NABEEL Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Table of Contents IAMURE 2011-2012 Officers

Messages

Dr. Genaro V. Japos Dr. Mariano M. Lerin, CPA Dr. Marcelo T. Lopez, RN

2 4 5

Conference Programme

Awardees Outstanding World Researchers 2012 Outstanding World Research Leaders 2012 Outstanding Filipino Researchers 2012 Outstanding Filipino Research Leaders 2012

8 9 10 11

Board of Judges World Research Awards 2012

Conference Keynote Speech Dr. Roberto N. Padua

Concurrent Sessions Day 1 Concurrent Sessions Day 2 Concurrent Sessions Day 3

18 59 103

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Message Welcome to the grand, magical, and festive city and province of Cebu, Central Philippines! We have chosen the Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu’s finest hotel, as the venue of the World Research Festival 2012 to showcase the hospitality and service excellence of Cebu’s crown jewel! Scientists, policy makers, researchers and end users deserve the best! We have specified the dress code- gowns, tuxedos, and national costumes befitting the regal and eminent stature of scientists upon whose intellectual productivity springs the building blocks of the world’s future. The theme for this year’s conference is “Research that changed the world!” This is to give prominence to the significant role of research discovery in transforming our civilization towards a better world. To expound on the theme, we have invited Dr. Roberto N. Padua, former Commissioner of Higher Education and a quintessential Filipino researcher as keynote speaker. We have over 250 scientific papers representing various disciplines making this conference truly an amazing and indelible experience. Our World Research Festival 2012 is organized by the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research (IAMURE), which is being certified for its Quality Management System by the Anglo Japanese American Registrars, Inc. The WRF is cosponsored by the Commission on Higher Education, Republic of the Philippines through the endorsement of Dr. PatriciaLicuanan, the Chair of CHED. It is also cohosted by the Philippine Association of Institutions for Research, the Cebu Normal University, the University of Cebu, the University of San Jose Recoletos and Liceo e Cagayan University. We are grateful to the Research Directors and Presidents of these universities for the wonderful help Our IAMURE International Multidisciplinary Journal has branched out into discipline-specific journals whose International Serial Standardization Number have been registered in Paris, France by the National Library of the Philippines. These are the IAMURE International Journal of Education; Social Science; Science and Clinical Laboratory; Literature, Philosophy and Religion; Mathematics,

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Engineering and Technology; Health Education; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Studies;and, Ecology and Conservation. IAMURE and PAIR obtained a membership with PILA Cross Ref for the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) making us the first member from the Philippines. All journals and scientific articles have distinct DOI numbers to facilitate cross linking and citation tracking. Our websites (www.iamure.ph and www.philair.ph) undergo transformation for Open Journal System (OJS). This is to facilitate open access of journal contents by the world scientific community. Our journal publications have acquired technology-based quality assurance software such as grammar checker (Grammarly); plagiarism detection (Plagiarism Detector Accumulator and ithenticate); reference checker (CSE, APA, CMS, and MLA), and academic readability (Gunning Fog Index and Flesch Reading Ease). We lead in the use of software technology for journal publications in Asia. Our international editorial boards from different continents have done their share of insuring our journals are credible and acceptable by the scientific disciplines. We are happy and proud to convey to you that the Philippine Association of Institutions for Research, Inc. is receiving its Certificate and Registration as an ISO organization by the AJA Registrars, Inc. IAMURE is undergoing Stage 2 of ISO QMS 9001:2008. We have World Research Awards to recognize researchers and research leaders in the scientific community. They continue to inspire all of us to do our best in pushing the frontiers of new knowledge. I invite each one of you to participate actively in the plenary and concurrent sessions. I urge you to forge new friendships, partnerships and linkages with fellow researchers across the world!

GENARO V. JAPOS PhD,EdD, DM, DHRM, DoDT President, IAMURE & PAIR Research Director, Liceo de Cagayan University

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Message Office of the University President Liceo de Cagayan University

Greetings to the Organizers and Participants of the World Research Festival 2012! On behalf of Liceo de Cagayan University, allow me to welcome you all in this international assembly here in the marvelous City of Cebu, the Queen City of the South! To the organizers of this transcontinental gathering, I salute you and thank you for this initiative. I firmly believe of the theme of your conference. Research, indeed, has tremendously offered our world the rich, stimulating, innovating, responsible, and outstanding opportunities that give us the understanding of contemporary issues and concerns and help populations in different institutions, including the academe, to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for their success of this century, for a more progressive and developing world. As a researcher, I am fully aware that I am vested with the power in transforming the world into an improved one: a crucial task which every researcher is entrusted. We all serve as catalysts, thinkers, and molders of our planet. I fervently hope that this gathering be the best avenue in presenting you with developing and innovative experiences and capabilities â&#x20AC;&#x201C; one which will open up new horizons as you share in the vision of this conference.

Mariano M. Lerin, PhD, CPA Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines August 2, 2012

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Message Office of the University President Cebu Normal University

TOGETHER WITH THE students, faculty and staff of Cebu Normal University we extend our warmest welcome to the participants and co-hosts of the 2012World Research Festival organized by the International Association of Multidisciplinary Research here at Marco Polo Plaza Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines. Co-hosting this prestigious event gives us immense pleasure to open the doors of our university, our city, and our province to first time and returning visitors for them to enjoy the academic and beyond the academic delights that we offer. Certainly with CNU’s centenary heritage combined the Cebu’s quadricentennial legacy there is so much to explore and learn here and now. We are also pleased to join this gathering because IAMURE echoes our University’s vision as a leading multidisciplinary research university of education in Asia and the Pacific and our mission to develop high performing professionals that generate and disseminate new knowledge to build progressive and peaceful communities. Our vision and mission shall be put to test in this forum and we and the rest of the participants anxiously wait for our performance scorecard to signify that attainment of our joint outcomes and outpust. Dayun kamu sa Sugbu!

Professor Marcelo T. Lopez, RN, EdD, DPA SUC President III Cebu City, Philippines 30 August 2012

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1: August 22, 2012 (Wednesday) Hosted by: Cebu Normal University 6:00 a.m. ABS-CBN Interview with World Research Awardees 7:00 – 9:00 a.m.

Registration

9:00 – 9:05 a.m.

Cutting of Ribbon for Opening of Exhibit

9:06 – 9:30 a.m.

Invocation Philippine National Anthem Sugbo Hymn Cebu Normal University Hymn Welcome Songs - CNU Chorale Welcome Dances - Kudyapi Dance Troupe

9:31 – 9:43 a.m. Declaration of the Opening of the Conference Dr. Genaro V. Japos President, IAMURE& PAIR 9:44 – 9:51 a.m. Welcome Address Dr. Marcelo T. Lopez President, Cebu Normal University 9:52 – 10:00 a.m. Messages Dr. Amelia A. Biglete Director IV Commission on Higher Education, Region 7, Cebu City, Philippines 10:00 – 10:10 a.m. Dr. Mariano M. Lerin President, Liceo de Cagayan University 10:11 - 10:20 a.m. Msgr. Julius C. Rodulfa President, Holy Cross of Davao College 10:21 – 10:50 a.m. Keynote Address Dr. Roberto N. Padua Vice Chair, TWG Commission on Higher Education 10:51 – 11: 05 a.m. Presentation of ISO Certification QMS 9001:2008 to PAIR, Inc. Message Paul B. Bagatsing Vice President/ General Manager AJA Registrars Inc.

11:06 – 11:36 a.m. Country Paper 1 Culture Consequences for Organizations: Focusing on Subcultures Dr. Detelin Elenkov Angelo State University, USA 11:37 – 11:47 p.m. Presentation of World Research Awards 2012 Outstanding World Researchers Outstanding World Research Leaders 11:48 - 11:59 World Contributions of the Philippine Electronic Journals for Scientific Literacy Bloom Rule Acquisitions Editor, C & E Publishing 12:00-1:00 p.m. Lunch Video Presentations of Past and Future IAMURE Conferences

Dr. Daisy T. Palompon Research Director, Cebu Normal University Emcee

1:00 – 6:00 p.m.

Concurrent Session: Day 1 Manila A Manila B Manila C Seoul A Seoul B Tokyo A Awarding of Winners

Day 2: August 23, 2012 (Thursday) Hosted by: University of Cebu Co-Hosted by: University of San Jose Recoletos 7:00 – 8:30 a.m.

Registration

8:30 – 8:45 a.m.

Invocation Philippine National Anthem University of Cebu Hymn Welcome Dances - UC Dance Co.

8:46 – 8:53 a.m. Opening Remarks Rev. Fr. Enrico Peter A. Silab President, University of San Jose Recoletos, Cebu City

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

8:54 – 9:02 a.m. Message Dr. Ulysses B. Aparece VPAA, University of Cebu 9:03 – 9:30 a.m. Country Paper 2 Learning with ICT - Multidisciplinary Challenges Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway 9:31- 9:40 a.m.

OPEN FORUM

9:41 – 10:10 a.m. Country Paper 3 Large-scale Validation of 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics For Two-Phase Transient Flow in a Channel Dr. Stamatis Kalogerakos Cranfield University, United Kingdom 10:11 –11:21 a.m. OPEN FORUM Panel Discussion Dr. Mary Gretchen Chaves Chair, Business Administration University of the Philippines, Cebu 12:00-1:00 p.m.

Lunch: Adelante Dance Troupe of USJR

Dr. Mauro Allan P. Amparado Research Director, University of Cebu Emcee 1:00 – 6:00 p.m.

Concurrent Session: Day 2 Manila A Manila B Manila C Seoul A Seoul B Tokyo A Tokyo B Awarding of Winners

Day 3: August 24, 2012 (Friday) Hosted by: Liceo de Cagayan University 7:00 – 8:20 a.m

Registration

8:21 – 8:50 a.m.

Invocation Philippine National Anthem Welcome Songs – CNU Chorale

8:51 - 9: 00 a.m. Welcome Address Dr. Carmen C. Menes Research Director La Consolacion College - Bacolod 9:01- 9:10 a.m. Cebu Declaration: A Policy Synthesis of the World Research Festival Scientific Papers Dr. Anthony M. Penaso Vice President for Research and Extension Central Mindanao University Winner: Outstanding Asian Research Leader 2011 9: 11 – 9: 31 a.m.

Declaration of Winners Outstanding Filipino Researchers 2012 Outstanding Filipino Research Leaders 2012

9: 32- 9:52 a.m.

Country Paper 4 Disillusionment in Wole Soyinka’s The Interpreters Dr. Al-Assad Omar King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

9:53- 10:00 a.m.

OPEN FORUM

10:01- 10:20 a.m. Country Paper 5 Significant Discoveries Published in the Asian Journal of Biodiversity Dr. Lesley C. Lubos Liceo de Cagayan University Cagayan de Oro City 10:21-5:00 Concurrent Sessions: Day 3 Manila A Manila B Manila C Seoul A Seoul B Tokyo A Tokyo B Awarding of Winners Ramon G. Abrera Liceo de Cagayan University Emcee Day 4: August 25, 2012 (Saturday) Eco-tour: Private Explorations of WRF Participants

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

World Researchers

Detelin S. Elenkov Anglo State University United States of America

Olivia R. del Castillo Caoili University of the East Republic of the Philippines

Ekaterina Prasolova â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Forland

Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway

World Research Leaders 2012

Oliva P. Canencia

Mindanao University of Science and Technology Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Lesley C. Lubos

Liceo de Cagayan University Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Ramezan Mahdavi Azadboni University of Mazandaran Islamic Republic of Iran

Filipino Researchers

Cecilia J. Sabio Gulf College Oman

Bernadeth M. Gavino-Gumba Ateneo de Naga University, Naga City

Daisy R. Palompon

Cebu Normal University, Cebu City

Judilynn N. Solidum University of the Philippines, Manila

Manuel A. Bajet Jr.

University of Northern Philippines Vigan City, Ilocus Sur

Michael Vincent P. Caceres

Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Zamboanga City

Filipino Research Leaders 2012

Ricardo T. Bagarinao University of the Philippines Open University, Los Baños, Laguna

Melchor M. Magramo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University – Arevalo, Iloilo City

Renan P. Limjuco University of Immaculate Concepcion, Davao City

Mauro Allan P. Amparado University of Cebu, Cebu City

Romeo G. Seguban Isabela State University – Ilagan Campus Isabela City

Board of Judges World Research Awards 2012 Indonesia

Philippines

Dr. Djuwari Director, Language Laboratory, STIE Perbanas, Surabaya

Dr. Victor B. Amoroso Central Mindanao University

Prof. Dr. Tatik Suryani President, STIE Perbanas, Surabaya Prof. Dr. Romanus Wilopo Research Director, STIE Perbanas, Surabaya

Malaysia Dr. Donna Lou E. Neri UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur Asst. Prof Dr. Amah Laili Yeon University Utara Malaysia

South Australia

Mervin G. Gascon Flinders University of South Australia

Dr. Angelica M. Baylon Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific, Bataan City Joel G. Becira Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa, Palawan Dr. Purita P. Bilbao Western Visayas State University, Iloilo City Dr. Veneracion G. Cabana Mountain View College, Valencia Bukidnon Dr. Rogelio D. Cosio Pampanga Agricultural College Pampanga Dr. Felixberto M. Mercado Enverga University, Lucena City Dr. Anthony M. Penaso Central Mindanao University Prof. Isidro T. Savillo Iloilo State College of Fisheries, Iloilo City

Keynote Speech Roberto N. Padua

Former Commissioner, Philippine Commission on Higher Education Mindanao, Philippines

Research that Changed the World: What Research can Change the World? Abstract - The paper examines the common traits and characteristics of researches that have the greatest impact on peoples’ lives in the last half century. Analysis of the most significant advancements in Science and other disciplines show that: (a.) life-altering and significant research studies are usually simple explanations about simple facts of life, and (b.) a few of these research studies actually meet the rigorous requirements of scientific research but all are creative innovations that share the common trait of “thinking outside the box”. Implications of these two important observations are explored in the paper. Keywords - significant research, creativity, innovations, simplicity in research INTRODUCTION The theses of this paper are : (a.) Life-altering and significant research studies are usually those that deal with explanations of simple facts of life and (b.) Few significant research studies that have altered ways of life meet the rigorous requirements of research but all are creative innovations that share the common trait of “thinking outside the box”. Important research findings, when finally written in black and white, often generate comments like “Of course!” because they are indeed so simple and uncomplicated. One is reminded of the anecdote about how Sir Isaac Newton discovered his laws on gravity while contentedly sitting under an apple tree or of the story about how the law on water buoyancy was derived by someone in a bath tub a few centuries ago. In today’s extremely competitive environment, academics and scholars find themselves mulling about new and novel ideas for research while often neglecting the simple yet uncharted domains of knowledge. In the rush to publish for career advancement purposes, people sometimes lose sight of the “simple matters that matter”. The search for complicated problems by scholars is confounded by their tendency to prefer rigorous and well-established methodologies of research. In most instances, they are hesitant to venture into uncharted and untried approaches to problem solving. Cawelti(2003) alluded to the dangers of using rigorous and overly-structured scientific research to evaluate teaching practices and curriculum materials in the field of Education. Research policies that insist on particular requirements, protocols and standards tend to discourage innovative approaches to research. As a result of such policies, fewer studies like the most influential studies of the past half-century may be observed. The author reviewed eleven(11) research and research-based policies that have influenced U.S. Supreme Court decisions, delivery of instruction and the curriculum, aspects of early childhood education, and policies regarding ideal teacher-to-pupil ratio, reforms based on standards, and productivity and found that few met strictly rigorous research requirements. Many were formulations based on earlier research or seminal studies that influenced later studies. He recommended that the job of improving government-sponsored research has to involve eliminating bureaucratic inefficiency to be replaced by swifter and more responsive processes and structures to ensure high-quality research, make findings more readily accessible to practitioners, and encourage developmental and follow-up studies. In the end, scholars and researchers need to recognize that great research, like great art, will always need a room for variations, new approaches, initial trials, and later refinement.(Gordon Cawelti, 2003) In this paper, we attempt to describe and review the top five (5) advances in Science that have the most significant impact on the lives of people in the past half century. The purpose of such a review is to extract the significant characteristics of these researches and the processes by which the results were obtained. The source of the top (5) advances mentioned is the BBC-1 television documentary by Robert Winston (2010) aired on December 23,2010. Research with the Greatest Global Impact Survey showed that the five (5) researches considered of greatest significance in the last half century are: (a.) Stem Cell Research, (b.) Human Genome Project, (c.) Laser Technology, (d.) Big Bang Theory, and (e.) WorldwideWeb or the Internet. The first two(2) are in the Biological Sciences ; the next two are in the Physical Sciences ; the last is part of Information and Communication Sciences. World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

The Human Genome Project The goal of the Human Genome Project is simply to understand more precisely the genetics of the human species. It is, perhaps, the largest single investigative research in modern science involving scientists from all over the world of various nationalities. The Human Genome Project aims to find out the sequence of chemical base pairs in the DNA as well as to identify and map the thousands of genes (estimated to be between 20,000 to 25,000) that make up the human genome. Ari Patrinos of the Biological and Environmental Research of the United States Department of Energy (Scientific Research Office) began the Human Genome Project while simultaneously, Francis Collins spearheaded efforts at the National Institutes of Health through a National Human Genome Research efforts. In 2000, a working draft of the genome was announced while the complete one was published in 2003. Further studies and more detailed analysis of the human genome are still current areas of research interest and publications on the subject continue to date. The human genome project offers several advantages: (1.) Knowing the extent of the effects of differences of DNA among human beings can revolutionize the ways to deal with the various diseases that afflict human beings and, perhaps, even to prevent them from ever occurring ; (2.) A clearer picture of human biology is crucial in the understanding of the human species at the molecular biology level. A complete mapping of the human genome coupled with advances in Recombinant DNA and DNA engineering has the potential to end human suffering from hitherto incurable diseases. A detailed knowledge of the human genome will inevitably lead to newer opportunities for advancing the fields of medicine and biological technology. Some practical results of the project were observed even before the work was completed. For example, tests for predisposition to a variety of illnesses including hemostatic disorders, breast cancers, cystic fibrosis, liver diseases and many others were initiated by a company known as Myriad Genetics. Also, a comprehensive characterization of several types of cancers, Alzheimer’s disease and other diseases of medical interest, are considered likely to progress at a faster rate from genome information and can most probably lead in the long term significant advances in their management. New therapeutic procedures are not unlikely to be discovered with a deeper understanding of the disease processes at the level of molecular biology. Thus, because DNA is so fundamental in molecular biology and because of its primordial role in determining the fundamental operation of cellular processes, it is very likely that a more comprehensive knowledge in this area will facilitate scientific medical advances in various areas of clinical interest. There are also numerous concrete and tangible benefits that can be derived from the Human Genome project for biological scientists. For instance, a biological scientist interested in a certain form of cancer may have focused his search to a particular gene. The scientist can simply visit the Human Genome Database on the Worldwide Web to examine what other scientists and scholars have discovered about this particular gene. This information could include the three-dimensional structure of its product, its function(s), its evolutionary relationships to other human genes, or perhaps, to genes in mice or yeast or fruit flies, possible detrimental mutations, interactions with other genes, body tissues in which this gene is activated, and diseases associated with this gene or other data types. In summary, the Human Genome Research began with the simple question of mapping the genetic make-up of the human species (i.e. what makes man different from other animals?), but such a question quickly led to other developments which were not anticipated. Indeed, the possibilities for future research given the Human Genome Database are practically limitless at this point. Stem Cell Research Stem cell research offers new and exciting possibilities for the cure of human diseases and, in fact , it is thought to be the avenue for man’s ultimate quest for immortality. Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into diverse specialized cell types and self-renew to produce more stem cells. Stem cells (and progenitor cells) act as a repair system for the body of adult organisms replenishing adult tissues. Autologous stem cells are often derived from one’s own body like when one banks his own blood for surgical procedures. There are currently three sources of autologous adult stem cells: 1) Bone marrow, which necessitates extraction by harvesting that is drilling into bone (typically the femur or iliac crest), 2) Adipose tissue (lipid cells), which requires extraction by liposuction, and 3) Blood, which requires extraction through pheresis, wherein blood is drawn from the donor (similar to a blood donation), passed through a machine that extracts the stem cells and returns other portions of blood to the donor. Stem cells can also be taken from umbilical cord blood. (Scholer, 2007) Imagine, if you will, losing one’s liver because of some disease. Stem cell technology can respond to such a problem because stem cells can now be artificially grown and differentiated into specialized cell types through cell culture. These specialized cell types have characteristics that are consistent with cells of various tissues such as muscles or nerves. Embryonic cell lines and autologous embryonic stem cells generated through therapeutic cloning have also been proposed as promising candidates for future therapies. Research into stem cells grew out of findings by Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the University of Toronto in the 1960s. Again, the problem that was originally considered was the simple question of how the various parts of the human body began forming and how may it be possible to replicate the processes. If it were possible to replicate the initial stages of formation of the tissues, muscles, organs and nerves of a human being, then it would also be theoretically possible to replace ageing parts of the body with fresh and good-as-new parts through this technology. Lose a muscle? Stem cell technology allows you to grow new muscles to replace the lost one. Big Bang Theory The Big Bang theory posits that the Universe was once a very compact matter in an extremely hot and dense state and was rapidly expanding. Over time, the rapid expansion of the Universe caused it to cool resulting in its current continuously expanding

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

state. It is estimated that the Big Bang occurred some 13.75 billion years ago, taken as the age of our Universe, and this estimate is consistent with observations and measurements made by scientific scholars. Such a simple event is sufficient to explain the formation of elements because the cooling process allowed energy to be converted into sub-atomic particles within minutes from the Big Bang itself. Electrons combined with protons and neutrons to form hydrogen with traces of helium and lithium thousands of years later. Giant clouds of these primordial elements coalesced through the force of gravity to form stars and galaxies, and the heavier elements would be synthesized either within stars or during supernovae (Keohane,1997). Georges Lemaître proposed the Big Bang theory in his “hypothesis of the primeval atom” in his attempt to explain the beginnings of life as we now see. It was Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity that placed the Big Bang theory in a more secure mathematical framework with equations provided by Alexander Friedmann. In 1929, Edwin Hubble (through his invention of the Hubble telescope) contributed to the theory by providing empirical evidence of the theory. Hubble discovered that the distances to far away galaxies were generally proportional to their red shifts—an idea originally suggested by Lemaître in 1927. Hubble’s observation was taken to indicate that all very distant galaxies and clusters have an apparent velocity directly away from our vantage point: the farther away, the higher the apparent velocity. Surprisingly, the questions that began the Big Bang theory were deceptively simple: how old is the Universe? How did life begin? Where are we going? It does not take much of an imagination to realize that these questions inevitably intersects with religious beliefs and the age-old clash between Science and Religion can be re-sparked. Lasers The invention of the laser was borne, not out of need but, of curiosity. In fact, when it was invented in 1960, it was dubbed as “a solution looking for a problem”. Today, lasers are found in highly varied applications including consumer electronics, information technology, science, medicine, industry, law enforcement, entertainment, and the military. As an ordinary consumer, our first encounter with lasers was when they became popular as supermarket barcode scanner, introduced in 1974. Thereafter, we find lasers in ordinary household electronics equipment: laserdisc players(1978), the compact disc players(1982) and laser printers (1985). Some other uses of lasers are: Medicine( bloodless surgery, laser healing, surgical treatment, kidney stone treatment, eye treatment, dentistry);Industry( cutting, welding, material heat treatment, marking parts, non-contact measurement of parts); Military ( marking targets, guiding munitions, missile defense, electrooptical countermeasures (EOCM), alternative to radar, blinding troops); Law enforcement ( used for latent fingerprint detection in the forensic identification field); Research ( spectroscopy, laser ablation, laser annealing, laser scattering, laser interferometry, LIDAR, laser capture microdissection, fluorescence microscopy); and others. Lasers have become the core of multibillion industry. Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification through Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The origin of laser stemmed from the simple question of isolating light spectrum and focusing the intensity of an isolated spectrum. Serious study into the phenomenon of lasers began in 1957 by Charles Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow who were connected at Bell Laboratories by concentrating on visible light. A year later, Bell Labs filed a patent application for their proposed optical maser. Schawlow and Townes subsequently submitted a manuscript of their theoretical calculations to the Physical Review, published that year in Volume 112, Issue No. 6. The calculations made by the inventors were based on the paper by Albert Einstein in 1917 “On the Quantum Theory of Radiation” through a rederivation of Max Planck’s law of radiation based on the probability coefficients for the absorption, emission and stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The patent awarded to Bell Labs provoked a 28-year lawsuit with scientific prestige and money at stake when Gordon Gould filed his own patent application for LASER in the same year. It was not until 1987 that the Federal Judge ordered the Patent Office to award the patent for the optically pumped and gas discharge laser devices. To date, it is still not clear on who should get credit for inventing lasers. World Wide Web (WWW) In the May 1970 issue of Popular Science magazine, Arthur C. Clarke bravely pronounced that global satellites would, in the future, “bring the accumulated knowledge of the world to your fingertips” using a device that would combine the efficiency and effectiveness of the photocopier, telephone, television and a small computer, allowing data transfer and video conferencing around the globe. Almost two decades later, in March 1989, Tim Berners-Lee described an information management system that became the basis for the WorldwideWeb where information from all over the world became available to people on a global basis. He wrote a proposal that referenced ENQUIRE, a database and software project he had built in 1980, to produce a more comprehensive electronic data base system. In collaboration with Robert Cailliau, he published a more comprehensive and a formal proposal to build a “Hypertext project” called “WorldWideWeb” as a complex network , called “web” of “hypertext documents” that can be viewed by “browsers” using a client–server architecture. According to this proposal, a Read-Only web can be prepared and ready to be used within three(3) months while webs that can accommodate the creation of new links, new materials and authorship of such sites can be accomplished within six (6) months. The Read-Only goal was indeed met within the stipulated time but it took longer for the other claim to be realized with the creation of the wiki concept, the ordinary blogs and RSS. The WorldWideWeb is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser and a search engine such as YAHOO or GOOGLE, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks.. The world’s first web server as used by Berners-Lee was a NeXt computer. The same computer was used to write the first web browser WorldWideWeb in 1990. By the end of 1990, Berners-Lee had built all the tools necessary for a working Web: the first web browser (which was a web editor as well); the first web server; and the first web pages, which described the project itself. Towards the third quarter of 1991, he posted a short summary of the World Wide Web project on the alt.hypertext newsgroup. This date also marked the debut of the Web as a publicly available service on the Internet. The rest is history.

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The WorldWideWeb ushered the way for a new space: the cyberspace where people all over the world and from all walks of life interact in real-time as if they were faced to face. The world has been radically changed, social interactions take place in the cyberspace rather than in the usual malls, parties and congregations. The network of one’s social contacts is a network of not five or ten people but of hundreds of people all at once. Shared Characteristics of Significant Researches The most significant research studies and investigation with the greatest impact on our lives share the common trait that they all dealt with explanations of everyday simple facts of life. The Human Genome Project asked: what makes man different from other animal species?; the Stem Cell Research queried : how did the human cells differentiate to form tissues, muscles, nerves and organs and at what point they did they do these? ; the Big Bang theory simply asked, how old is the universe? The LASERS, out of curiousity, emerged from the simple desire to separate light spectrum; the WorldWideWeb or the Internet wanted information to be freely accessible to all regardless of geographic location so that man will indeed live in a single global village. Although all these important researches dwelt on simple questions, their implications on the lives of people are far-reaching and life-altering. The Human Genome Project has the potential to eradicate inherited diseases of man, explain the theory of evolution more meaningfully and change the landscape of modern biology; the Stem Cell research leads to the ultimate question of the possibility of immortality of man; the Big Bang theory inevitably collides with religion and the existence of a Supreme Being; the practical applications of the LASER can revolutionize all aspects of modern living; the WorldWideWeb connects people of all races and all walks of life instantaneously and information becomes freely accessible to all. The approaches used in each of the significant researches in the last half century were unexpected and truly innovative. To the simple question, how old the universe is, rather than go through scientific experimentation and carbon-dating process, the proponents began by formulating a mathematical theory which was later confirmed by actual observation; to the query as to the genetic difference of man with other animals, the researchers plowed through a brute-force attack on genetic sequencing of nucleotides and so on. Research scientists involved in such life-altering studies think “out-of-the-box” and cannot efficiently work in an environment of strict bureaucracy and rules. All important researches were refinements and extensions of previously thought-of questions about ordinary experiences and of man’s existence. The Human Genome Project, for instance, can be treated as yet another attempt at exploring the Theory of Evolution; the WWW project extended the simple ENQUIRE of Berners-Lee to a global connectivity setting; the Stem Cell research settled problems related to organ transplants and so on. In the strictest sense, none of these research issues are new and novel, they emerge as repeated themes since the Renaissance period. Rigorous and strict research protocols were not imposed on the proponents of most significant research results. Scientists and scholars who were involved in most of the important researches in the last half century were free to explore and to use whatever means were at their disposal to tackle the research questions most efficiently. The only important consideration was replicability of results and verifiability of outcomes. Implications of the Shared Characteristics of Important Researches The commonalities observed in the most significant researches over the last half century have some important implications to present-day scholars and researchers. 1. Scholars and researchers need to revisit oft-repeated questions in the past and focus on the most fundamental issues that affect man and society. More complex and involved studies are often the results of pursuing an in-depth investigation into seminal results. Breakthrough studies are seldom complex. 2. Seminal results and breakthrough studies, although often simple, have applications that can potentially greatly impact on man and society. As an example, the simple question: “how does the brain process information from our senses?” can lead to applications in artificial intelligence and computer science; military surveillance and applications and so on. 3. Answers to simple questions can often be derived through creative and innovative approaches rather than through wellestablished, standard and well-trodden methodologies of research. The use of standard research methodologies often leads to crisp and standard results which lack the creative vision for future applications. 4. It is important to keep an open mind and to keep on improving on accepted results rather than be contented with them. For instance, science benefits from always treating the Theory of Evolution as a theory – open to questions and falsifiability. As another example, the idea of a maximum carrying capacity of the planet Earth espoused by Chaos theorists predicts busts and booms in human population because of competition for food and resources. However, advancement in genetic engineering and recombinant DNA can potentially render such predictions obsolete. 5. Finally, all these have implications on the training that graduate students receive in Universities all over the world. Graduate education needs to be more focused in developing truly independent, analytical and creative researchers. Substance, rather than form, should be the rallying point in the training and development of graduate students. Knowledge and the accumulation of such are a process of slow accretion through generations. Scientists and scholars build on the accumulated knowledge of the past to push the frontiers of knowledge. The more theoretical disciplines like Mathematics and Philosophy provide explanations about certain phenomena ; the more applied and experimental fields verify the claims made by theoreticians. The Big Bang theory is one illustration of such a synergistic relationship between the theoretical sciences and the empirical or applied sciences. Then, too, we realize that knowledge is ultimately connected; that all fields of knowledge eventually converge to address one fundamental issue in life – man’s existence and the existence of a Supreme Being.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

LITERATURE CITED The Human Genome Management Information System (HGMIS) 2011 “About the Human Genome Project: What is the Human Genome Project”.

Keohane, J. 1997 “Big Bang theory”. Ask an astrophysicist. GSFC/NASA. Retrieved 3 September 2010.

Berners-Lee, Tim, Cailliau, Robert 1990 “WorldWideWeb: Proposal for a hypertexts Project”.

Lemaître, G. 1931 “A Homogeneous Universe of Constant Mass and Growing Radius Accounting for the Radial Velocity of Extragalactic Nebulae”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 91: 483–490. .)

Lucent Technologies 1998 ”Schawlow and Townes invent the laser”. (Retrieved October 24, 2006)

Lemaître, G. 1931 “The Evolution of the Universe: Discussion”. Nature 128 (3234): 699–701. .

Barnhart, Benjamin J. 1989 “DOE Human Genome Program”. Human Genome Quarterly1: 1. Retrieved 2011-05-02.

Mitalipov S, Wolf D 2009 “Totipotency, pluripotency and nuclear reprogramming”. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol.. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/ Biotechnology 114: 185–

Becker AJ, McCulloch EA, Till JE 1963 “Cytological demonstration of the clonal nature of spleen colonies derived from transplanted mouse marrow cells”. Nature 197(4866): 452–4. DeLisi, Charles 2001 “Genomes: 15 Years Later A Perspective by Charles DeLisi, HGP Pioneer”. Human Genome News 11: 3–4. Friedman, A. 1999 “On the Curvature of Space”. General Relativity and Gravitation31 (12): 1991–2000. ) Gould, R. Gordon 1959 “The LASER, Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. In Franken, P.A. and Sands, R.H. (Eds.). The Ann Arbor Conference on Optical Pumping, the University of Michigan, 15 June through 18 June 1959. p. 128. Hans R. Schöler 2007 “The Potential of Stem Cells: An Inventory”. (In Nikolaus Knoepffler, Dagmar Schipanski, and Stefan Lorenz Sorgner.Humanbiotechnology as Social Challenge. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 28).

Noble, Ivan 2003 “Human genome finally complete”. BBC News.( Retrieved 2006-07-22.) Osoegawa, Kazutoyo; Mammoser, AG; Wu, C; Frengen, E; Zeng, C; Catanese, JJ; De Jong, PJ 2001 “A Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library for Sequencing the Complete Human Genome”. Genome Research 11 (3): 483–96. Tuch BE 2006 “Stem cells—a clinical update”. Australian Family Physician 35 (9): 719–21. . Wright, E.L. 2009 “What is the evidence for the Big Bang?”. Frequently Asked Questions in Cosmology.UCLA, Division of Astronomy and Astrophysics. (Retrieved 16 October 2009.)

Harmon, Katherine 2010 “Genome Sequencing for the Rest of Us”. Scientific American. Retrieved 2010-08-13. Hawking, S.W.; Ellis, G.F.R. 1973 The Large-Scale Structure of Space-Time. Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-20016-4. Hubble, E. 1929 “A Relation Between Distance and Radial Velocity Among Extra-Galactic Nebulae”.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 15 (3): 168–73. . International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium 2001 “Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome” (PDF). Nature 409 (6822): 860–921..

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Program Sustainability of Bachelor of Science in Chemistry from the Purview of Performance in the Chemist Licensure Examination Georgina A. Diopenes geandiopenes@yahoo.com Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod, Philippines August 22, 2012 (Day 1) Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:01 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1:20 p.m. The study looked at sustainability of B.S. Chemistry particularly in Region 6 from the vantage point of performance in the Chemist Licensure Examination (CLE). Institutional benchmarking was done establishing a profile of a Top Performing School from the composite of consistent top performers in the CLE; and other schools were compared against the standard. Performance in the CLE was found to be substantially related to enrolment. The choice of school and the course by students were also investigated. Apparently, any problem in enrolment was a quality issue. Substantial to high correlation existed between graduate degrees in chemistry and pass rates in the CLE, and high negative correlation between lecture credit units and pass rates in the CLE. The findings indicate that instructional elements may be instrumental in increasing enrolment. Nevertheless, it is equally important to teach chemistry with the right mix of discipline and compassion. Improving enrolment demands commitment and fortitude from principal stakeholders.

Perceived Professional Needs Among Public Secondary School Science Teachers Maria Teresa M. Fajardo fajardo_mm@yahoo.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines August 22, 2012 (Day 1) Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:21 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1:40 p.m. Science teachers play an active role in making students recognize the importance of science (Hosoya, 2000) and are considered catalyst for change (Craven & Penick, 2001). The study surveyed forty eight science teachers in ten public secondary schools to know the graduate programs being pursued and the perceived needs for professional development in terms of training and seminars. The schools were clustered into high and low performing schools based on their performance in the 2008-2009 National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) with focus on the scientific ability component. Data shows that a greater number of science teachers opted for non-science programs in the graduate level. Science teachers from high performing school expressed the need for trainings in teaching new instructional materials, teaching skills and assessment approaches as the most urgent. On the other hand, teachers from low performing schools considered teaching new instructional materials, working with underachieving students and how students learn as the most urgent. There is a need for paradigm shift on the kind of graduate programs science teachers should pursue. It is recommended that professional development be guided by a policy that is acceptable and understood by science teachers. If possible, trainings should be tailored according to needs.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

College Academic Performance of Teacher Education Students in a State University in Region II, Northern Philippines Juanita B. Pascua juanita16_pascua@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University, Philippines August 22, 2012 (Day 1) Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:41 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:00 p.m. The study determined the factors that influence the college academic performance of the respondents. This study used the descriptive and correlational survey methods of research with document scanning. It was found that gender and degree/course of the respondents were not significant factors in college academic performance; HS GPA was a significant factor that influences college academic performance. The higher the overall Admission Test Score, the higher is the college academic performance; male respondents did not differ in college academic performance when compared with their female counterparts and the BEED respondents did not differ in college academic performance when compared with their BSIE and BSED counterparts; and there was no significant difference between Admission Test Scores in General Information and Science when compared with their academic performance; however, when grouped according to admission test in English, those who obtained average and above average scores performed better in college than those who got failing and below average scores while in Mathematics, those who obtained average and above average scores performed better in college than those who failed and got below average scores.

Achievement Tests and Their Relevance on Academic and Board Examination Performance of Nursing Graduates Rosielyn D. Tan rosielyn_tan@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:11 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:30 p.m. This study determines the relevance of achievement tests on the academic and board examination performance of nursing graduates. Nurse education consists of theoretical and practical trainings provided to student nurses with the purpose of preparing them for their duties as nursing care professionals, hence, existential intelligence is one aspect needed by a prospective nursing student. The study was conducted in the University of CebuBanilad, particularly in the College of Nursing. A correlational research design was utilized by the researchers in gathering relevant information about the study. Data sources retrieved included three tests used to nursing student applicants for Level I in the nursing education program in the year 2005 namely: Otis Lennon School Abilities Tests, Arithmetic for Prospective Nurses Test, and Reading Comprehension. The results were utilized as data sources together with the average academic grades of the nursing graduates on their Nursing Care Management subjects, Nursing Research subjects and the Nurse Licensure examination results of nursing graduates last December, 2010. The achievement tests profile revealed that majority of the respondents has an average IQ and below average reading comprehension. The board examination profile revealed that most of the nursing graduates passed. Results also revealed that there was a significant relationship between arithmetic and board examination performance; academic performance and board examination performance.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Level of Competence in Student Teaching of the Education Students at University of Cebu - Lapulapu and Mandaue Danielita B. Patindol patindoldanielita@yahoo.com University of Cebu – Lapulapu and Mandaue, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. The study determined the level of competence in student teaching of the education students at University Cebu – Lapulapu and Mandaue City, Philippines. The researchers utilized descriptive- correlation method and a researchermodified instrument based on Bucknell’s list of competencies. The study revealed that majority of the respondents are from 18-22 years old which occupied 78.15%, and it was found out that most of them are females which occupied 90.76%. Single respondents dominated in the study and most of them belong in lower middle class. It was also revealed that the third year education students are still less competent as perceived by the teachers and the self survey assessment made by the respondents themselves. The researchers also looked into the relationship between the profile of the respondents and their level of competence. Surprisingly, it was found out that there is no significant relationship of the profile and the level of competence. The study also proved that there is no significant relationship between the level of competence as perceived by the respondents and as perceived by the teachers. The findings led to the conclusion that it is necessary to reinforce, strengthen, and support the student-teacher’s competence before they will undergo the final internship program. Thus, readiness program is necessity for them to be enhanced and developed to the maximum to ensure the university’ aspiration for excellence to produce employable graduates.

Factors Related to the Maritime Pre-Apprenticeship Phase: A Proposed Maritime Pre-Apprenticeship Program Mr. Alberto C. Felisilda Jr. University of Cebu, Philippines bertfelisilda_jr@yahoo.com Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The study was conducted in Cebu City involving maritime superintendents, shipboard training officers , crewing managers, alumni and apprenticemates aimed to identify factors (paper documents, medical , training requirements, maritime skills and competencies and the problems encountered by the respondents ) related to the maritime pre-apprenticeship phase. The significance of the differences in perceptions of the respondents was determined. Finally, a maritime pre-apprenticeship program is proposed. The findings revealed that Transcript of Records was the paper requirement; X-ray topped medical requirements; personal survival techniques for training requirement. Human relation skill and maintaining a safe engineering competency ranked first. The problems encountered by the alumni and apprentice mates, shipboard training officers and crewing managers were the waiting period, cadet’s inability to meet deadlines and limited slots for apprentice respectively. There was a significant difference in the perceptions of the respondents on paper, medical and other training requirements. The research concluded that the respondents considered factors related to their apprenticeship and encountered problems along the way. The apprenticemates need the help of the maritime institutions and shipping companies in the form of a maritime pre-apprenticeship program.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

The Conflict Management Styles in the Five Areas of Concern for Educational Administration and the Personality Attributes of the Southeast Asian School Managers Fructuoso C. Baliton totsbaliton_67@yahoo.com DepEd, Division of Leyte (Eastern Visayas), Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. This study tried to find out which conflict management styles in the five areas of concern for educational administration relate significantly to the personality attributes of the Southeast Asian (SEA) school managers who participated in the Blended Learning Course on Excellence in Human Resource Development for School Effectiveness sponsored by the SEA Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) Educational Development Fund. The findings of this study may serve as a feedback for the SEAMEO as to how this group of SEA school managers manages conflict in certain situations and as a partial basis for assessment to determine their conflict management styles in the five areas of concern and their personality attributes. The result indicated non-significant differences between the conflict management styles used by the SEA school managers in each of the five concerns which were established based on the computed value of the Phi-Coefficient since there were only two conflict management styles expressed by them in each area of concern namely, Integrating and Forcing. Point-Biserial Correlation Coefficient resulted to significant relationships between their conflict management styles and personality attributes since management styles particularly of Executive Position and Career have significant relationships with Self-esteem and Risk taking personality attributes.

Factors Affecting the Assessment Practices of Language Teachers Jondy M. Arpilleda hcdc_rdc@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 3:41 – 4:00 This paper used both the descriptive-correlational survey method and qualitative method in finding out the relationship of the language teacher’s professional competencies (educational attainment, years of teaching, and attendance to seminars/training) and employment profile (workload, number of preparation, class size, designation and part-time jobs) to their usage of authentic assessments in listening, speaking reading and writing. Tertiary English teachers in Davao City were the samples of the study of which some were purposively selected as participants in the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The findings revealed that majority of the language teachers were not academically equipped; many are experienced teachers; and, a great number needs more training specifically designed on authentic assessments. The data also disclosed that their number of preparation is recommendable. Yet, their workload and their class size are not ideal for these assessment procedures. Moreover, those teachers holding a position/designation and venturing on part-time teaching jobs experience difficulty in applying assessment techniques in their classes. In general, the language teachers seldom use the authentic assessment techniques in listening, reading, speaking and writing partly because of the factors that influenced their assessment procedures.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Socio – Cultural Factors Affecting the Market Behaviour of Coconut Farmers in Central Philippines Ernesto Go Yap erniegy234@yahoo.com University of the Philippines – Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The productive capacity of coconut farms is not particularly influenced by the market price of coconut meat, but rather on several socio-cultural factors the coconut farmers are faced with. This study investigated Karl Polanyi and the embedded economy, particularly about the decision making capacity of farmers, availability of farm labor and urban migration, religious influences and practices, and relationships of farmers with other farm stakeholders, in order to derive a comprehensive understanding of why income of coconut farmers remain wanting. The study used the descriptive research design including key informant interviews, participant observations and focus group discussion. Results show that income and productivity of small farms are expected to deteriorate as a consequence of a more demanding and competitive global environment, and against the weighing down of farm productivity by the socio-cultural factors influencing the farmers. The study concludes that contemporary, small-size Philippine farming consists of myriads of problems and issues, and a more holistic approach to addressing the farm productivity needs to be adopted by all stakeholders involved, including the government.

Corporate Citizenship: An Institutional Tool To Gauge Stakeholder’s Participation in Holy Name University, Tagbilaran City, Bohol Ernesto O. Golosino ernesto_hnu@yahoo.com Holy Name University Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. The advent of modernization and cutthroat competition necessitates organization to dismantle if not redefine its directions and key positions in the market. This compelling reality prompted many corporations to change its vision, mission and goals and even to the point of system’s overhaul. Whatever are the modes adopted in order to get an edge in the market calls for participative and collegial decisions. However, strategic directions and corporate plans if conceptualized by the few “corporate think tank” only remain as beautiful as a piece of poetry. The absence of sense of ownership will convert these powerful ideas into garbage. Hence, cascading them to entire system becomes a must. It is from this contention that this study was conceptualized. The primary aim of this study was to assess HNU’s practices in terms of corporate citizenship. The study used descriptive survey method. Personal interviews were effected in order to avoid bias and subjective interpretation of the questionnaire. Data gaps were addressed thru key informant interview. The findings showed that almost all parameters of corporate citizenship were given high regard but the prevalence of minute yet significant unfavorable data calls for an alarm.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Understanding Organizational Culture of Uniformed Personnel of DILG Alan N. AladanO Capitol University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:51- 5:10 p.m. This study assumes that a leader’s success will depend, to a great extent, upon his deep understanding of organizational culture. It aims to describe and analyze the organizational culture of the uniformed personnel of the DILG in terms of their customary patterns of behavior and shared values, beliefs and assumptions. Organizational culture was analyzed as it applies to, and affects, leadership and management practices of the uniformed personnel of the DILG. Data were gathered through self-administered survey questionnaires and responses were probed using a series of in-depth interviews with the key informants. This study involved 45 respondents who hold key positions in their respective organizations at the city, provincial, and regional levels in Mindanao for more than 15 years. These criteria are necessary to ensure that respondents are credible enough to comprehend the culture of the organization. This study found out that organizational culture could either serve as unifying or disintegrating force within the organization. The culture of discipline, respect, trust and confidence, protocols, command responsibility, unity of command, rank and seniority, and obedience serve as the unifying force while the palakasan system, crab mentality, factionalism and the culture of corruption serve as a disintegrating force.

Management Foundations and Global Readiness Index of School Heads of the Philippines Fructuoso C. Baliton totsbaliton_67@yahoo.com DepEd, Division of Leyte (Eastern Visayas), Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. An understanding of personality contributes to an understanding of organizational behavior in that we expect a predictable interplay between an individual’s personality and his or her tendency to behave in certain ways (Jacob 1995). Most organizations today must achieve high performance in the context of a competitive and complex global environment (Poter 1998). This study aimed to determine whether the management foundations of public secondary school heads of the Philippines were related to their global readiness index. The findings of this study may serve as a basis to take their strong personal characteristics as skills that should be nurtured and to take their good points as starting points to consider where and how to further pursue the development of their managerial skills and competencies. This may also serve as a feedback in order to work hard to grow and develop continually in the management foundations considering that their successes as 21st century managers may well rest on an initial awareness of the importance of these basic management foundations and that they must be comfortable with the global economy and the global diversity that it holds. Chi-square established that their management foundations are not significantly related to their global readiness index.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

How to Play the Ahong Tagungguan, Gong Ensemble of the Manobo of Mindanao, Philippines Helen S. Tejero palaran_2003@yahoo.com Iligan Medical Center College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. This research study produced a 30-minute video-tutorial course in DVD format of an indigenous musical practice. The video technology is a translational initiative to promote the gong culture of the Manobo to the world through cultural education. The Tagungguan is the traditional gong ensemble and ritual instrument of the Manobo of the province of Cotabato. Six pieces, products of earlier researches were included in the course, namely, Panihuman, Tukubong, Badbad, Malandoy, Pak’kaat Kallo and Kasa. The musicians in the video course, members of the Kariala Ethniko Center for Music Traditions illustrated the manner of playing the Tagungguan, by using two sets of hanging gongs, to show the relationships of the gongs grouped into the ladtingan (melody gongs) gandingan (ostinato gongs) and the bandil (the gong that sets the timing). Likewise, the dancers, members of the Iligan Medical Center College Kapagintaw Dance Troupe illustrated the context of music playing through dance movements. The video tutorial course has definitely reduced learning duration in an enjoyable self-paced learning condition.

The Acculturation of a Northern Philippine Ethnic Group: The Experience of the Kayan Kankanaeys Rhoda B. Galangco rhodagalangco@yahoo.com University of Baguio, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. Among the Kankanaeys of Mountain Province in Northern Philippines, those in Kayan are considered the most acculturated as a result of their age-old interactions with the Ilocanos from the neighboring region. The need to dominate the economic exchange motivated the Kankanaeys to learn the language of their Ilocano partners and in doing so, has transformed their culture into one that is almost alien to them. It is then the prime objective of this research to document and analyze this cultural phenomenon since no studies had been conducted to determine the aspects of these people’s culture that were significantly influenced by the Ilocanos. The ethnographic method was used in this study, where key informant technique, informal interviews, immersion, and focused group discussions were used to gather pertinent information. A series of interviews with key and secondary informants followed by two sessions of focused group discussions provided valuable data and information relative to the events that led to the contact between the Ilocanos and the Kankanaeys, the nature of their relationship, the circumstances that enabled their contact and the consequences of such contact. Migration and economic exchange proved to be the most significant factors that led to the acculturation of the Kankanaeys.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Lateral Workplace Violence: Overseas Filipino Nurses’ Experience Yolanda C. Sayson uc.ycsayson@gmail.com; yoly_ph1@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This study determines the lateral workplace violence experiences of overseas Filipino nurses in Saskatchewan, Canada. It focused on the incidence of lateral workplace violence, level of distress and the consequences of the events. The study utilized descriptive and survey methods. Nonverbal aggressive behaviors and verbal statements or abuse imposed by another nurse/employee to the Filipino nurse-respondents were sometimes experienced which made them feel distressed moderately. There were three cases of lateral workplace violence gathered through interview of the overseas Filipino nurses and that only one of the incidents were reported to the head nurse or director of the hospital. The consequences of the lateral workplace violence experienced were on the psychological, emotional and physical health of the nurse-respondents. It was concluded that overseas Filipino nurse-respondents had experienced lateral workplace violence specifically on non verbal aggressive behaviors that caused a threat to their personal well being and direct verbal statements or abuse. The level of distress of the overseas Filipino nurses had been affected by trainings/seminars attended on coping with adverse staff relationship, number of years in the nursing profession, and current workplace. Further, the exposure to the lateral workplace violence of the overseas Filipino nurses had caused harmful effects to their health.

Education Students’ Learning Style and their Academic Performance Moonyen Tecson elnabrylle@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. The goal of this research study was to find out if the learning style of education students had a relationship with their academic performance. The study looked into the students’ age, gender, year level, socio-economic status, and the type of entry in school, learning styles, and academic performance as basis for improved students’ academic performance. The study utilized descriptive correlational survey method. Using Slovin’s formula, 269 students were drawn from the College of Education. A researcher-made questionnaire patterned after Kolb’s Learning Styles Inventory was used to collect data which were interpreted using weighted mean, percentage and Chi Square. As to the relationship between the students’ profile and learning style, students’ profile and academic performance, and students’ academic performance and learning style all aspects showed no significant relationship. Thus, the researchers concluded that learning style is as unique as the learner himself. Any student could have good or poor performance in school regardless of his age, gender, year level, socio-economic, status in school, and learning style. The academic performance of students maybe affected with various factors and lastly, knowing the learning styles of students is just one of the myriad ways to improve students’ academic performance.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Intentionality in Parenting Styles of Parents and Student-Facilitators’ Reflections: A Hermeneutical-Deconstruction Analysis Vicky Discaya Isonza vickydiscaya@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. In the context of a seminar-workshop on parenting styles, the intentionality of parent-participants and studentfacilitators was explored over the goal of enhancing the welfare and functioning of children. Student-facilitators conducted learning activities and processed discussions on care and discipline issues. Using the mixed method, quantitative and qualitative analyses were drawn. A Likert scale measured democratic and authoritarian dimensions in parenting style. Through the lens of postmodern paradigm, the hermeneutic-deconstruction analysis illuminated the phenomena on parents’ understanding of parenting styles and student-facilitators’ learning outcomes based on their reflections. In conclusion, the celebration of special occasions is the ‘signified’ indicant of parents’ nurturing in the family. Responsiveness and communication are ‘signifiers’ (not emphasized /hidden). Their ‘folk belief’ concepts are operatives of mental states that reflect an authoritarian parenting style; but group-acknowledgements in discussions can move them to favour the democratic style. Parents value a norm-based rationality on discipline of children. In the deconstruction process unexpected events are laid bare. This contributes an authentic learning opportunity for students to expand a social consciousness that rouses the move for social action. Implications of a postmodern analytical approach to learning intervention for parents, and the pedagogic method of reflective analysis and social action are discussed.

Forging Peaceful Environment Through Film Showing: An Innovative Approach in Teaching Gaudencio M. Alaya-ay, Jr. gaudenciojr.alayaay@yahoo.com.ph St. Peter’s College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. This study was conducted in Mindanao particularly in the town of Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte, occupying the southern portion of the Philippine archipelago. The main thrust was to determine the effect of film showing as an innovative aid for teaching peace education and to let the learners internalize and put into action the moral values which were derived from the film. Such classroom activity, teaching technique, and strategy aspire to modify the attitudes of the pupils through adequate education in living a peaceful environment. Since it is believed that to grow, embrace, and reach real peace shall have to begin with the children until all the corners of the world are covered with peace and love for which consciously or unconsciously the whole world is hungering, it is hoped that the effort of teaching with film showing is potent for the modification of attitudes. This study also sought to answer the questions dealing with moral values, the level of pupils’ responses, as shown in the film, the most and least internalized and practiced moral values based from the observations of parents, the significant differences between the pre-test and post test results, and the effectiveness of film showing in forging peaceful environment.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

HCDC at 60: Reflections of the Davao Community Danilo L. Mejica dean_gradschool@hcdc.edu.ph Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. Likened to a living organism, an educational institution follows a development progression. At 60, the age at which humans look back and see the worth and achievements they have achieved, educational institutions also momentarily pause to review their past as a way to chart the future. As a celebration of its vision to propagate education for the past 60 years in the southernmost city of the Philippines, Holy Cross of Davao College (HCDC), an archdiocesan, Catholic educational institution, commissioned faculty researchers and identified, gathered and collected narratives from 540 parish members of 60 parishes and 64 key informants representing a cross-section of the Davao community to answer the question “What has HCDC contributed to the Davao community for the past 60 years?”. Narratives collected through individual and group interviews, and focus group discussions were transcribed, analyzed, coded and interpreted focused on predominant ideas, patterns of thoughts and emergent themes. Articulated contributions of HCDC zeroed in on three key concepts: Catholic, quality and affordable education. From these emerging concepts of contributions, inputs to chart the school’s future were established under these headings: Catholic identity of the institution, quality and excellence, and school vitality through stewardship.

Public Officials’ Profile and Skills in Presiding Meetings and Writing Agenda, Minutes and Resolutions Cecilia D. Arong arongcecilia@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. Local legislation is effective for good governance. Barangay legislators are to be proficient in presiding meetings, deliberating issues, drafting resolution, formulating agenda, taking down minutes and writing official communications. This study assesses barangay officials’ profile in presiding meetings and in writing agenda, taking down minutes and drafting resolutions. Fish bowl technique determines 23 barangay captains, their councilors, sk chairmen, secretaries and treasurers as respondents. Findings include: Most Barangay captains and councilors are male; most secretaries and treasurers are female. Majority are 50 years and below; Most are college graduates/ college level; Most captains are first termer; councilors are reelected twice or thrice; majority of the secretaries and treasurers are reappointed; Majority have attended one seminar on writing agenda/resolutions; Majority have not attended public speaking seminars/other oral communication’s trainings; Nearly all captains and secretaries can formulate agenda while majority of the councilors and treasurers cannot; Majority of the captains, councilors, and treasurers claim they cannot take down minutes, cannot draft resolutions while all secretaries can take down minutes, draft resolution and write officials communications; All captains can preside meetings while majority of other officials cannot using parliamentary procedures. Conducting of trainings will equip them with necessary skills for good and effective governance.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Stress Experiences among Graduating Students of Isabela State University San Mateo Campus Rosalie C. Leal baby_lance2003@yahoo.com Isabela State University - San Mateo Campus, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The present generation of graduating college students belongs to the most time-pressed generation in history. With this, the need for research concerning stress experience is deem necessary. In this study, stress experiences among graduating students of Isabela State University San Mateo campus has been evaluated and analyzed. A descriptive method and a three-part questionnaire were utilized to collect data. Data were processed through the SPSS program. The gathered data were treated statistically using One-way Analysis of Variance (F-test) at 5 percent level of significance to determine if there were significant differences between the stress experiences and demographic profile. T-test was also used to evaluate the differences in means between two groups. Results showed that the graduating students of Isabela State University San Mateo campus experienced the different causes/sources, effects and coping mechanisms of stress, the graduating students experienced academic pressures and the causes/sources of stressor. Results also revealed that effects of stressor differ between male and female. Thus, knowledge of the causes/sources; effects and coping mechanisms of stress help college students confront stress constructively. Therefore, faculty and administration shall strengthened the Guidance Program considering the physical, psychological and academic effects of stress.

Research and Development Implementation in the Kalinga-Apayao State College Perfelia R. Buen fe_buen65@yahoo.com Kalinga- Apayao State College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. This study looked into the Implementation of Research and Development Program of KASC from 2007 to 2011. The R and D Profile of KASC was analyzed based on documents along Manpower Resources, Financial Capability, Facilities Development, Administrative Support and Research Outputs. KASC has a strong manpower resource for research with 75 faculty and non-teaching staff who are conducting researches. There were budgetary allocations for R and D activities which were released following accounting and auditing rules. On research outputs, the KASC R and D garnered 46 awards from its 458 researches conducted within the period and were published in two regular publications by the institution. Four technologies were issued registration numbers by the Bureau of Patents. In response to the DOST R and D Themes, the PCARRD R and D and the PASUC-CAR Research Agenda, the KASC showed that they are Less Responsive. For HARRDEC R and D Themes, they were More Responsive along Education/ Non-AFNR and Less Responsive in the field of Agriculture. For the CIERDEC R and D Sectors the researches were None Responsive. Problems on financial capability were perceived to be much serious while facilities development, administrative support and research outputs were perceived to be moderately serious.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Learner’s Characteristics and Emotional Intelligence of Distance Education Students in the Philippines Cecilia Junio-Sabio cesjunio@yahoo.com, Gulf College, Muscat, Oman CAROLINE T. SUMANDE Polytechnic University of the Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. The terms open learning and distance education represent approaches that focus on opening access to education and training provision, freeing learners from the constraints of time and place, and offering flexible learning opportunities to individuals and groups of learners (UNESCO, 2002). This system provides the distance learners to study at their own pace and flexible schedule that will enable them to pursue their work or other things while in the course of finishing their careers. Thus, new breeds of learners have been developed in the country considering that only a few of higher education institutions offered the program to pass the requisites under CHED Memorandum Order #35 Series of 2000, otherwise known as “Updated Policies and Guidelines on Open Learning and Distance Education.” This paper will look into learner’s characteristics studying in known open universities in the country. Also their level of emotional intelligence will be assessed.

From A Normal School To A Comprehensive University: A History of West Visayas State University Evelyn J. Grey evjancorda@yahoo.com.ph West Visayas State University, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Social Science 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. This study is a history of West Visayas State University. It traced and analyzed the development of West Visayas State University since its inception as Iloilo Normal School to its present status as a University. This study established objective facts concerning the events leading to the establishment of WVSU and its responses to the challenges through time. This study employed the historical descriptive-analytical research design. Most of the data used came from both primary and secondary sources-archival materials and in-depth interviews. After data collection, and organization, scientific analysis through external and internal criticism followed; then, writing the narrative form following the stated framework for interpretation and analysis. From the findings of this study, the introduction of a new educational system by the Americans and the establishment of Philippine Normal School by virtue of Act No. 74 led to the establishment of INS in 1902. The construction of the standard school building led to the establishment of INS as one of the 8 pioneer public regional normal schools in the country. Republic Act no. 4189 of 1965 converted the INS into West Visayas State College. In 1986, the declaration of P. D. no. 2019, the WVSC was converted into West Visayas State University.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Upland Tenurial Program for Environment and Natural Resources Governance: The Northern Luzon Experience Rogelio P. Pascua pascua_rogelio@yahoo.com DENR-PENRO, Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. This study focuses on the effectiveness of three upland tenurial programs in Northern Luzon like CommunityBased Forest Management (CBFM), Muyung Resource Permit (MRP), and TREE for Legacy (TFL). The study used the descriptive comparative and predictive, quantitative, and qualitative methods of research with structured questionnaire and an interview. The study found that in terms of managerial competence of the CBFM implementers, they were highly competent; MRP managers/implementers were moderately competent and the competence level of the TFL implementers in planning and development was high. The extent of government and institutional support to both CBFM and MRP were moderately efficient. TFL implementers noted that the support was moderately efficient while the beneficiaries claimed that they received efficient support. CBFM implementers were rated high in terms of stakeholders’ capability development. MRP and TFL implementers were evaluated as moderate in terms of stakeholders’ capability development. The TFL and CBFM programs were more effective compared to MRP program. Generally, the three upland tenurial programs were perceived to be very effective. There were five variables that were considered as best predictors of effectiveness of the tenurial programs. These were the government/institutional support, program planning and development, capability development, program monitoring and communication methods and techniques.

Analysis of Iligan City Solid Waste Management: Basis for an Effective Solid Waste Management Program Rolando C. Cuizon rollycuizon_2006@yahoo.com.ph MSU - Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This study analyzes the Iligan City Solid Waste Management as basis for an effective Solid Waste Management Program. It was conducted among 1593 respondents from Barangays Maria Cristina, Del Carmen, San Miguel, San Roque, and Tubod. The research design is descriptive and employs a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods of data gathering and analysis. Data gathering was made with the use of a researcher-made questionnaire that measured the respondent’s level of knowledge and implementation of Recycling, Reducing, Reusing, and Composting solid waste. The data was statistically processed to get the frequency, percentage and mean. It was further analyzed with Kendall’s tau-b and Pearson Moment Correlation to determine the relationship between variables. The results show that the socio-economic profile of the respondents has a relationship with the respondents’ Knowledge and Implementation of Solid Waste. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1.) except for the gender of the respondents, all the socio-economic profile of the respondents has significant relationship with their knowledge on solid waste management; and 2.) age has significant relationship with composting; gender with reduction of solid waste generation and composting; family income and educational attainment with recycling, reduction, and reusing.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Delivery of Environmental Services of Sorsogon City LGU: Basis for an Extension Program to Mitigate Climate Change Magdalena M. Ocbian SSC_magz@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 1:41 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:00 p.m. This is a descriptive developmental research aimed to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of LGU Sorsogon City in the delivery of environmental services as basis in designing a collaborative extension program. The respondents were 206 barangay officials and 394 residents/constituents of selected barangays of Sorsogon City. A validated researcher-made questionnaire was the instrument used in data gathering. Frequency count, percentage, weighted means and T-test for uncorrelated means were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that solid waste collection was the top environmental program being delivered by LGU Sorsogon City as perceived by the two groups of respondents, followed by solid waste generation, tree planting and water shed reserve maintenance. Other environment services which received high frequencies were solid waste transfer and transport, sea and river guard, water pollution control and forest guard and illegal logging control. The delivery of services and facilities was rated as moderately efficient and effective by both the constituents and barangay officials of Sorsogon City. It also revealed that there is no significant difference in the ratings of the officials and constituents along efficiency and effectiveness. From this result, a collaborative extension program was designed to mitigate climate change in Sorsogon City.

Preliminary Assessment on the Floristics Composition of Tamban Hill, Maasin, Ilo Ilo, Philippines and Its Implications for Ecotourism Development Joselito Transio P. Mendoza jtmendoza_123@hotmail.com Western Visayas College of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 2:11 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:30 p.m. This preliminary study on the floristics composition of Tamban Hill, Maasin, Iloilo, West Central Philippines is geared towards the conservation efforts of the Local Government Unit (LGU) to recognize the site as one of the potential tourist destinations in the future. The highest peak of the hill offers a panoramic view of Mt. Kanlaon, Guimaras Island, Iloilo City, Iloilo Airport, and Maasin Watershed among others. In support to this end, this study tries to determine the different plant species in the area and to describe its floral composition such as its abundance, species richness and species diversity. The significance of the study is to provide baseline information on the status of plants in the locality with implication for ecotourism development. The descriptive survey design was used in the study. A modified quadrate plot method was used in order to gather the data. The results of the study showed that within the sampling plots of mixed tropical secondary growth forest, it had 1,010 individual plants (N) counted in three quadrates that belong to 27 families, 38 genera and 40 species. Tagbak (Alpinia graminea) is the most abundant plant species in the sampling site. Species richness (S) is 40 and diversity index is 2.77, which is classified as moderate.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Fungi on Mangrove Wood from Siargao Island Antonette B. Donoso a_besitulo@yahoo.com Surigao State College of Technology – Del Carmen Campus Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. Fungi play an important ecological role for the food web of the mangroves, the surrounding coastal areas, and the oceans. This study aimed to determine the temporal distribution of fungi in the mangroves of Siargao Island. Intertidal wood on Rhizophora apiculata and Xylocarpus granatum were collected from a mangrove forest at Siargao Island. Wood samples were examined for the presence of mangrove fungi. Forty-six fungal species (39 Ascomycota, 2 Basidiomycota, 5 Mitosporic Taxa) were identified from 220 samples. Differences in the composition of fungal species associated with R. apiculata and X. granatum were observed. The frequently collected species were Caryosporella rhizophorae, Marinosphaera mangrovei, and Kallichroma tethys on R. apiculata, and Coronopapilla mangrovei, Salsuginea ramicola and Passeriniella savoryellopsis on X. granatum. However, there were species which were nonspecific and developed on both hosts such as Dactylospora haliotrepha, Swampomyces sp.nov., Phialophorophoma litorales and Halocyphina villosa. A comparison of the fungi occurring on R. apiculata and X. granatum in this study and a study conducted in 2000 at the same study area indicated that the frequently collected species were similar. However, four less frequent species which are new records for the island were collected in this study.

Morphological and molecular characterization of root-knot nematode populations associated with lowland and upland rice in the Philippines Maria Lima D. Pascual marialimapascual@yahoo.com.ph Cebu Technological Univerisity-Barili Campus, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. Among the plant-parasitic nematodes associated with rice, rice root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are considered as the major problem in upland and lowland rice production. Morphological and molecular identification of rice root-knot nematode species is lacking in the Philippines. Knowledge on the correct identity of root-knot nematode species associated with rice is very important to help understand their contribution to crop yield stagnation and to design effective control measures. This study aimed to characterize morphologically and molecularly different populations of root-knot nematodes from rice ecosystems in Luzon, Philippines. Root and soil samples collected from different lowland and upland rice fields yielded five populations of root-knot nematodes from each agro-ecosystem. Morphological identification was based on some important characters of males (head shape, stylet length, stylet knob shape, and dorsal gland orifice) and second stage juveniles (tail shape, tail length, and hyaline tail terminus). Results of morphological and morphometric assessments indicated that all the different lowland and upland populations of Meloidogyne largely fitted into Meloidogyne graminicola descriptions. This claim was confirmed by the molecular analysis of the ITS1-5.8-ITS2 and SSU rDNA (18S) regions wherein the different populations showed high similarity to known M. graminicola as revealed in direct DNA sequences comparison and phylogenetic analyses.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Maritime School Helen Mae O. Pogoy mapamparado@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. Knowledge and prevention of the spread of sexually transmitted infections is imperative to one’s understanding in promoting health and wellness (Smeltzer, 2010). This study determined the maritime students’ knowledge on sexually transmitted infections (STI. It specifically ascertained the sources of information on STI and the students’ knowledge on STI in terms of basic knowledge, mode of transmission, sexual practices and prevention. The study utilized 177 maritime students enrolled in Summer 2011 at University of CebuMaritime Education and Training Center, Cebu City, Philippines. Based on the findings of the study, majority of the respondents were 19-21 years old, single, in the third year level, who graduated from private high schools, residents of Cebu City and with a family monthly income of less than P5,000.00. They cited friends as the main source of knowledge on STI. Their knowledge in terms of basic knowledge was satisfactory. Furthermore, their knowledge was fair in terms of mode of transmission, sexual practices and prevention. STI affects the lives and the future of many seafarers. To achieve wellness and a healthy lifestyle, ample knowledge of its nature, mode of transmission, sexual practices and prevention should be widened.

Maternal and Child Health Care Practices of the Matigsalug Tribe in Bukidnon Province, Philippines Arnulfo B. Ramos defenderc45@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. This study was conducted to document the practices on maternal and child health care along the areas of pregnancy, dietary systems, birthing, feeding, baptismal rituals, illnesses and discipline among the Matigsalug tribe in Sitio Simsimon, Barangay Kalagangan, Bukidnon. The gathering of the data was obtained from actual fieldwork. Key informant interview, participant observation and photography were triangulated in this study. Findings show that Sitio Simsimon is a mountainous area. Houses are made of rattan and the people are practicing slash-burn farming. A Matigsalug pregnant woman observes taboos to protect the infant’s life and health. Many beliefs and practices on food have desirable effects on maternal and child health. The mothers practiced breast feeding although working mother sometimes trained the child to eat solid food. Circumcision, tattoo, and the chewing of betel nut are practiced in the area. Illnesses are diagnosed as caused by evil spirits. The Matigsalug taught their children to value honesty, cultivate their farm and helped their father in food hunting. It was concluded that the Matigsalug still possessed certain indigenous maternal and child health care. It is recommended that the Matigsalug mothers need adequate knowledge in hygiene and nutrition to improve their maternal and child health care.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Factors Affecting Medication Errors in the Clinical Area among Staff Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals of La Union: Basis in the Formulation of Medication Information Guide ANndra Margareth B. Dumo dumo_anndra@yahoo.com Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. Medication errors are a significant issue affecting patient safety and costs in hospitals often posing dangerous consequences for patients. A proper understanding of the contributing factors that increase medication errors is the first step toward preventing them. The study is a quantitative descriptive using researcher-made questionnaire. Total enumeration was used and there are 210 nurses who participated in the research. The respondents are the staff nurses, senior nurses and nurse supervisor working in the different units in tertiary hospitals in La Union, Philippines. The data were statistically treated using frequency and percentages, average weighted mean, one way ANOVA, and Pearson r-correlation. Results showed that the extent of influence of personal, professional, managerial and work-related factors on medication errors is moderate, professional factors being the number one cause of medication errors, followed by managerial factors, work-related factors, and personal factors. Nurses age 55 and above have higher level of competency compared to young adults (20-34 years old), staff nurses who were previous clinical instructors have better health teaching ability, nurses with 5 years and above hospital experience have better skills than those with 2 years and below hospital experience, operating-room nurses have better transcribing skills than nurses in general wards. Optha-ENT nurses have better skills in medication preparation than nurses in Medicine Ward, Intensive Care Units, and Private Wards, nurses in Surgery Ward, Operating Room. Out-Patient Department nurses have better educating skills than Optha-ENT nurses, male nurses possess a better skills and attitude than female nurses, and nurse volunteers have higher chance to be distracted from the four factors affecting medication errors. The researcher concluded that the longer the hospital experience and the proficient a nurse is in the standards of care on medication management, the higher is the ability of nurse to handle factors affecting medication errors. The researcher recommended utilization of medication information guide for nurses, self-report logbook, and enhanced course syllabus in Nursing Pharmacology.

Eucheuma Pulp Extract: Source of Nata and Nata- Producing Microorganisms Norqueen Taruc –Dumadaug qdumadaug@yahoo.com.ph Western Mindanao State University, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. This study aimed to use Eucheuma pulp extract as potential source for nata production. Specifically, it sought to: 1) isolate and screen nata-producing microorganisms from Eucheuma spp.; 2) characterize the nata-producing isolate; 3) determine the optimum growth conditions of the nata-producing isolate using Eucheuma pulp extract as substrate for nata production and ;4) test the color stability of angkak as nata colorant. Results showed Isolate coded Norm A produced the highest yield of nata among the isolates and grows best at pH 5, 10% sugar concentration, 25% inoculum and 20% Eucheuma pulp extract at 28-32o C. Its’ cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics were not similar to Gluconobacter xylinum but comparable to genus Gluconobacter aceti subspecies paradoxus and Gluconobacter aceti subspecies peroxydans. Application of angkak and FD&C red on nata from Eucheuma pulp extract showed that nata produced with 1% angkak in the culture medium was stable on washing, UV light, freezing, autoclaving and acidification at pH 2.5 but not in alkalization at 12.5. The angkak-soaked nata were also stable to freezing, autoclaving and ultraviolet light but not in washing, alkalization and acidification. The use of angkak pigments produced better color stability on nata samples from Eucheuma pulp extract than using FD&C red.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Community Sustainability through Mangrove Rehabilitation: The Taytay, El Salvador City, Philippines Experience Francis Thaise Cimene Capitol University, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Clinical Laboratory 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. This undertaking is a follow-up study of the research conducted ten years ago on The Mangrove Rehabilitation Project in Taytay, El Salvador City, Misamis Oriental: A View From Within the Community. The purpose is to ascertain the impact of the Mangrove Rehabilitation Project on the community after ten years. Data were gathered using the descriptive method of research. The method of research lies heavily on the qualitative perspective. To validate the results of the quantitative data, the unobtrusive research was used since the measurement is nonreactive. In this type of data collection, nothing out of the ordinary, like an observer or questionnaire, is introduced to the situation. This method has the advantage of eliminating sources of bias that are present when respondents realize they are subjects in a research study (McMillan and Schumacher, 1984). This study found out that the sustainability of the project is dependent on how convinced the community is about the project’s aims and objectives as well as on how they embrace and claim ownership of the project. Ten years after the rehabilitation, the community is now fully convinced of the mangroves’ benefits to the community. They now recognized that the mangrove areas are cradles of bio-diversity that serve as spawning and feeding ground of fishes and the habitat for important species of marine life. It is also an effective buffer against strong waves while trapping the sediments from upland, thus serving as a natural barrier protecting the coastal area from erosion.

Information Technology: Its Impact on Seafarers Mark N. Abadiano markabadiano@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. The study aimed to recognize the impact of information technology on seafarers. Among these influence of I.T. were on Resources for Maritime Use, Seamanship, Resources on Board , Access to the modern technology in personal and emotional of seafarers. The research used the descriptive method using surveys and research instruments in University of Cebu - Maritime Education and Training Center. The respondents of the study were the 4th year cadets who experienced on-board apprenticeship locally and internationally. The findings revealed that I.T. plays a big role in the life of a seafarer working onboard ship for it helps good communication, provides safety in navigation and ship handling, and seamanship. The research concluded that I.T. creates a very big impact on the life of the seafarer not only to its emotional as well as the students of marine transportation. Direct access and availability of this equipment are also important. The improvement of seafarers life is directly proportional to application of the electronic technology on-board. Recommendations of the study included the maritime institutions’ immediate approval on acquiring modern technological equipment and the school administration should make sure that the cadets are familiar with the different types of modern electronic devices used on board.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Institutionalization of Computing Technology among Holy Cross Institutions of Davao City Danilo L. Mejica dlm_1850@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. Education has advanced tremendously owing to computer technology and the World Wide Web. Instructional systems along with instructional strategies and work management of schools have extensively been realigned due to technological advancements. The Holy Cross institutions of Davao City comprising of 2 tertiary and 2 secondary schools were analyzed through respondents broken into 50 administrators, 100 faculty, and 80 personnel to determine the extent computing technology innovations have been assimilated and integrated into its structure. The study was guided by Rogers’ (1995) Innovation-Decision Process Model (1995), Hall’s Concerns Based Adoption Model (2001) and Prensky and Coburn’s Models of Computer Users (2001, 2004). Using two structured questionnaires, Checklist on Institutionalization of Technology (Nelson, Post, & Bickel, 2001) and a validated questionnaire on computer confidence, most schools have faculty and personnel with pronounced confidence and competence in the use of computer, including use of internet technology. On the other hand, there is limited application of computer technology to instruction and instructional tasks; thus, institutionalization is still in varying early stages among these schools. Though schools have invested in technology, a clear instructional program to link and use computer technology to instruction and curriculum can be prioritized by the schools.

Web - Based Design Controller Analy B. Allaba patindoldanielita@yahoo.com University of Cebu – Lapu-lapu and Mandaue, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. Web - Based Device Controller is a project that can help the owner of the electronic devices by means of controlling the functions which is ON/OFF through the Internet. This project would help us monitor the appliances at home like automatic control of few lights, television, electric fan etc. With this, some of accidents can be avoided specifically fire, which is usually caused by exploded devices just because the owners forgot to turn them off. The process of this project works through the use of internet or manually which means that we can turn ON/OFF a certain device together. This project basically was based on the remote accessing of the devices, and the medium of which for this remote access will be the Internet. The design is based on the embedded controller which is connected to a PC-based home Web server via serial port. Therefore, web server is responsible for connecting the system to the internet which allows the owner to access the devices. All the electric devices can be controlled locally or remotely through a web server from anywhere provided that an internet access is available. This project also will help the home owners to have peace of mind.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Determinants of the Sound Absorption Coefficient and Young’s Modulus of Concrete with Agricultural By-Products Reginald Raymund A. Caturza reginaldraymund@yahoo.com University of San Carlos, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. The researchers determined the effects of admixture, such as locally-produced and abundant agricultural by-products, on the sound absorption characteristics and Young’s modulus of concrete. The sound absorption coefficient was measured using the two-microphone Impedance Tube for the Transfer Function Method while an improvised center-point loading procedure was used in determining the Young’s moduli of the concrete samples: concrete with no admixture, concrete with corn husks, concrete with coconut coir, and concrete with rice hulls. The results showed that the addition of admixture to concrete increased the range/ scope of the frequency it could absorb, thus, concrete added with admixtures were better sound absorbers within the human voice frequency range than concrete with no admixture. In conclusion, concrete samples with admixtures are better than concrete in absorbing sound and reducing reverberation. The researchers recommend further research to determine the effect on the sound absorption and Young’s modulus of concrete by varying the admixture percentages; and obtain absorption profile on the low frequency range, preferably the human voice frequency range.

Low-Cost Venturi Meter: Understanding Bernoulli’s Equation Through a Demonstration Renan P. Limjuco ren02lim@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception – Davao Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. This study intended to concretize Bernoulli’s principle through a low-cost Venturi meter designed and constructed by the researchers. Specifically, this paper aimed to improvise a device that can measure flow speeds of water both in the wide and narrow portions of a horizontal piping system for which the pressure difference is provided by a differential height revealed in the attached manometer. A mechanism which regulates volume flow rate of liquid was attached to Venturi meter to generate several trials required to establish accuracy of setup in demonstrating Bernoulli’s principle. This investigation about improvisation of apparatus required experimental development method especially in assembling various components which included PVC pipe, aluminum pipe, manometer, DC pump, variable flow controller, and a plastic container as water reservoir. The final model of the apparatus evolved from a series of functionality test sessions with experts and consultants. To determine the accuracy of the instrument, nine trials--that is three each for the three adjusted flow rates, were performed. Findings revealed that the improvised Venturi meter can concretize Bernoulli’s principle. Its accuracy in flow speed determination was high since average percentage of error for minor turbulent flow was 12.52 per cent while that for laminar was 3.86 per cent.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Estimating Potential Evapotranspiration Using Meteorological Data Rey C. Naval reyn_qsc@yahoo.com Quirino State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The study was conducted to establish functional relationships between daily potential evapotranspiration (dependent variable) computed using Penman Equation; and daily meteorological data like maximum air temperature, minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, mean relative humidity, cloud amount, sunshine duration, rainfall amount, solar radiation, pan evaporation and wind velocity (independent variable), and to determine which of these climatic parameters is the best estimator of potential evapotranspiration. The result of the simple linear regression analysis showed that only maximum air temperature, pan evaporation, sunshine duration, mean air temperature, solar radiation and mean relative humidity can estimate accurately the daily potential evapotranspiration. The multiple linear model developed was an equation describing potential evapotranspiration as a function of all independent variables with a value of coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.96 can be used satisfactorily in estimating daily PET: ETo = -3.9555+0.1823Tmax+0.1017Tmin+0.0072Tm-0.0233RHm-0.0091CA + 0.0030SD 0.0016RA+0.0023SR+0.02 08Epan+0.0064WV; where: ETo = potential evapotranspiration, mm/day; Tmax = maximum air temperature, oC; Tmin= minimum air temperature, oC; Tm= mean air temperature, oC; RHm = mean relative humidity, %; CA=cloud amount, okta; SD = sunshine duration, minute; RA= rainfall amount, mm; SR = solar radiation, Langley; Epan = pan evaporation, mm/day; and WV = wind velocity, km/day.

Students’ Anxiety and Performance in Mathematics: A New Causal Model Ronald S. Decano hcdc_rdc@yahoo.com Holy Cross of Davao College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. This paper aimed to investigate a causal model of math anxiety, math myths, math misconceptions and prior negative experiences with math teachers on the performance of students in mathematics. This was anchored on the study of Strawderman (2004) who presented the three major domains which are involved with the development of math anxiety namely; social or motivational domain, intellectual or educational domain, and psychological or emotional domain. The researcher employed mixed methods of research utilizing quantitative method particularly the use of causal model through path analysis and qualitatively method through direct interviews. Data were elicited from the respondents who were college students, through the four types of questionnaires namely; math anxiety rating scale, math myths questionnaire, math misconceptions questionnaire and prior negative experience with Mathematics teachers questionnaire. The results revealed that the level of performance of the students in mathematics is poor. The students are moderately anxious in mathematics. With regards to students’ extents of prior negative experiences with math teachers, math myths and math misconceptions, they sometimes experience math anxiety. Math misconceptions best predict students’ poor performance in Mathematics. Conceptual Model 6 best explains math anxiety of the students. Creative and relevant mathematics classroom instructions and programs must be designed to help eliminate math anxiety and eventually improve students’ interest and their performance in mathematics.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Creative Learning Enrichment for Math Appreciation through Time: An Exploratory Pedagogy Renan P. Limjuco ren02lim@yahoo.com University of the Immaculate Conception – Davao, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. This study examined an exploratory pedagogy designed to promote mathematics appreciation through time. It involved an infusion of some creative learning enrichment activities into the traditional approach of teaching, a process believed to heighten the interest of learners to study mathematics. Employing a descriptive method, specifically the longitudinal approach of developmental study, and involving 15 Electronics Engineering students from a cohesive group, the researcher probed how the unusual non-traditional approaches to mathematics instruction could affect their appreciation for mathematics after 2-year exposure to the pedagogy. Findings revealed that the growth of knowledge precedes the increasing level of mathematics appreciation. Furthermore, learning appreciation maturation is a function of time and exposure to meaningful classroom activities. This study also found that regardless of students’ learning styles, supplementary activities elevate the appreciation of mathematics concepts and improve the analytical skills of the students.

The Effect of Online-Modular Instruction to Mathematics Achievement of High and Low Math Ability Group of Students Julius S. Valderama JSVALDRM@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The study aimed to determine the effect of the online-modular instruction to Mathematics Achievement of High and Low Math ability group of students. The true experimental design, specifically the Randomized Pretest – Posttest Control Group Design, Using Matched Group Subject was adopted. The study was conducted at the Nueva Vizcaya State University, during the first semester school year 2010 – 2011. The 45 first year students enrolled in College Algebra were the respondents. These students were divided creating two matched groups; one for the controlled and one for the experimental. Students under the controlled group were taught the traditional approach of lecture and chalkboard presentation while students on the experimental group were exposed to online-modular instruction. The study noted deterioration in the achievement level of the low math ability group exposed to online modular instruction. While it discovered neither improvement nor decline in mathematics achievement on the high math ability group of students. As a result the experimental methodology in teaching mathematics is not advisable for use to low math ability groups. However, it could be adopted in teaching students with high math ability especially when teachers need to attend other functions and could not attend the class.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Hemispheric Brain Dominance and Mathematics Performance of Western Visayas College of Science and Technology Students Doly Joy C. Camariosa belinda_goph@yahoo.com Western Visayas College of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. With Sperry ‘s (1974) Split brain Theory as basis, this study is conducted to determine the significance of the difference in the mathematics performance when grouped according to their hemispheric dominance (HD) , course, and gender of the 172 freshman students of Western Visayas College of Science and Technology, Iloilo City. The participants’ HD was determined by the use of researcher-made Hemispheric Brain Dominance Test, and the math performance was based on their average final grades in the Math. The statistical tools used were the mean, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The test in hypothesis was set at .05 alpha level. Findings reveal that the level of mathematics performance as a whole was “fair”. When grouped according to HD, the right-brain dominant have “conditional” math performance, while the left-brain dominant have “fair” math performance. As to the course, the BSM and the BSEd participants have “good” math performance while, the BSEE, BSECE, and BSMEAE participants have “conditional” math performance. When grouped as to gender, the males have “conditional” math performance, while the females have “fair” math performance. The dominant hemisphere among the participants is the left brain. When grouped according to course, BSM, BSEd, and BSMEAE are leftbrain dominant, BSEE have more right-brain dominant, and BSECE have equal number of right and left-brain dominant participants. As to gender, both male and female have more left-brain dominant than right-brain dominant participants. Significant differences existed in the level of mathematics performance when the participants were grouped according to HD, course, and gender. The study concluded that the left-brain dominant students performed significantly better than the right-brain dominant students.

Computer Application Skills and the Level of Teaching Readiness of the Faculty of the Commerce and Accountancy at the University of Cebu-Main Campus Jessica Selisana patindoldanielita@yahoo.com University of Cebu - Lapulapu and Mandaue, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. The focus of the study was to determine the computer application skills and the level of teaching readiness of the faculty of the Commerce and Accountancy at the University of Cebu-Main Campus, as regards certain technology identified areas. A technology-based professional development program for the college has been proposed. The study used the descriptive research method in assessing its instruction. It was used to interpret the inputs using the Technology Assessment Questionnaire taken from the internet to 14 Certified public Accountants of the college. Majority of the respondents are 30 years and below, a little above 50% of which are females. They are all bachelor degree holders, have no access to internet at home, and have limited computer skills and knowledge on some technology identified areas. There is therefore a need to train these teachers to update them of the current trends. To help them to enrich their knowledge and skills, a technology-based professional development program is proposed. Also proposed are attendance in seminars, further studies on curriculum revision, integration of software in solving accounting problems and the impact of technology in passing percentage of the CPA board exams. The school’s support in providing internetconnected computers is also recommended.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Articulating Higher Order Thinking Skills in Mathematics Sylvino V. Tupas sylvinotupas@ymail.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Information Technology, Engineering and Mathematics 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. Allowing students to think critically elevates their mathematical performance from rules and procedures towards the higher cognitive ladder of Benjamin Bloom. Exposing students to higher cognitive questions will eventually lead to higher student achievement. This descriptive research aimed to determine the prevailing level of thinking skills in mathematics of 1225 tertiary level students enrolled as freshmen during the second semester school year 2010-2011. This study is a collaboration among the seven selected ACUNO member schools categorized as Catholic-sectarian Schools, State Colleges, and Non-sectarian Institutions. They were able to complete College Algebra course during the first semester to qualify. A 30-item MCQ was formulated, guided by table of specification to ensure a balance between items that test lower level thinking skills and those which test higher order thinking skills based on Bloom’s taxonomy. Result showed an average level of performance in Mathematics in all categories (M=14.08); Catholic-sectarian school (M=12.89), State Colleges (M=14.95) and Non-sectarian Institutions (M=14.46). As a whole, the prevailing level of thinking skills was Application followed by Knowledge while the least was Analysis. Most mathematics instruction focused only on drills and algorithms which lead to the development of students’ rote memorization skills including formula pug-in.

Totalitarian Banality of Evil in Hannah Arendt’s Thought Jonas Robert L. Miranda ong2_miranda@yahoo.com Surigao State College of Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. This paper exposes Hannah Arendt’s idea of ‘Totalitarian Banality of Evil.’ Her understanding of totalitarianism based on the regimes of Nazism and Stalinism is unique in the sense that according to her, totalitarianism is geared towards human destruction. These regimes deprived citizens of the human conditions of plurality and spontaneity to give way for their ultimate aim of ‘total domination.’ Terror, which is the essence of totalitarianism, made ‘total domination’ as a method of rule possible. As a consequence, the constituents were made like Ivan Pavlov’s dogs: pervertedly predictable and devoid of spontaneity. The interesting fact is that even if the consequences of the totalitarian regime were characterized by atrocities, the perpetrators considered them meaningful. Totalitarian decrees even if loaded with evilness were seen as part of translating ideology into reality. These ideologies, Racism for the Nazis and Communism among the Stalinists, were very popular that their adherents interpreted the real events according to their logic. This phenomenon, for Hannah Arendt, marked the fullness of false politics. Her political idea is an influence of the Greek polis, where plural opinions were treasured. Plurality, instead of being cultivated in totalitarianism, was the primary target of the attack.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Machiavelli is not Machiavellian Glenn G. Pajares g_pajares@yahoo.com University of San Jose Recoletos, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. Niccolo Machiavelli, author of the work the Prince, is known as a proponent of tyranny and the use of brute force in governance. Contrary to popular belief, this paper demonstrated through descriptive textual analysis that Machiavelli is not in favor of tyranny and his political ideas are neither amoral nor immoral. The study showed that Machiavelli being a republican and a humanist did not support cruelty for its own sake. The goal of his political ideas was not to acquire and maintain power but to establish peace and order for the common good. His means were neither amoral nor amoral because he valued the role of faith and religion in political affairs. He did not relinquish Christian values per se in the management of the state but went beyond them in circumstances and situations when they were no longer effective. He also used pragmatism, utilitarianism, and consequentialism as ethical standards. Therefore, he offered moral pluralism in the actual practice of politics which is a more comprehensive approach to the study of Political thought. It is recommended that scholars must study the relevance of Machiavelli’s political ideas to contemporary Global Politics.

Les Miserables: Intertextual Deconstruction From Hugo’s Novel to Yglesia’s Film Corazon A. Prejoles corazonprejoles@yahoo.com Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This qualitative research theoretically argues that Rafael Yglesia’s screenplay Les Miserables, is an intertextual deconstruction of Victor Hugo’s 19th century French novel, Les Miserables. This paper analyzes the deconstructive intertextuality of Les Miserables from Hugo’s novel to Yglesia’s film. Specifically, it comparatively investigates the following structural elements: 1) plot, 2) development of the major characters of Jean Valjean, Javert and Cosette, and 3) symbolisms. Intertextuality, from the Latin intertexto, means to intermingle while weaving and to shape texts’ meanings by other texts. Deconstruction, a theory of literary criticism, questions traditional assumptions about certainty, identity, and truth. This search for truth is beneficial to the literature and communication professors, film and literature critics, literary and communication scholars, and literary and communication research. Using content analysis on Les Miserables in both its novel and film versions, findings show that intertextual deconstruction is evident through modifications or borrowings, similarities, differences, and alterations in plot structures; character development; and symbolisms of the novel and the film. It is concluded that Yglesia’s screenplay, Les Miserables, is an intertextual deconstruction of Hugo’s novel, Les Miserables. Since both novel and film are intertextual in nature, they should best be understood and appreciated in their own artistic uniqueness.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Retrieving Francisco Dagohoy Through the Narratives of the Sukdan Shamans Ulysses B. Aparece yul33@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. This study aimed to retrieve missing information in the life of Francisco Dagohoy through the narratives of the sukdan shamans. Specifically, it sought to document these narratives, analyze their content, and draw out historical evidences. The literary anthropology approach was observed. The method was ethnography in particular the participant observation. The key informants were two sukdan shamans and their assistants. The research locale was Taming, Danao, Bohol where Dagohoy was born and raised. Data showed that (1) the narratives chanted by the shamans had three parts: arukay (request in verse), kasalaysayan (story of Dagohoy) and paarang ug pasalamat (thanksgiving); (2) the narratives generally fit to the structure of Philippine epics; (3) the narratives were expressed through symbolisms, archaisms, figures, and ethno-historical references; and (4) Dagohoy’s missing information was recovered: his early life, parentage, family, birthplace, and supernatural experiences which many of them are not yet found in history books. Moreover, he was a sukdan shaman himself. By and large, extant narratives can still be retrieved through conventional and state-of-the art procedures. From these narratives, information missing in written history can be reconstructed and, even if they may be mythicized, can provide clues towards historical truths.

Iniskaya: A Linear Linguistic Description Stella Marie D. Consul stellamariec@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 2:31 – 2:30 p.m. Iniskaya is a language spoken by the Iskayas – a cultural minority in Taytay, Duero, Bohol. Establishing a linguistic description of Iniskaya could offer better understanding and insights of the language. The study utilized the ethnolinguistic method of research with the language as subject for analysis. The purposive sampling was adopted in tshe process of eliciting Iniskaya utterances and relied heavily on actual elicitation using interview guide questions and random conversations. The phonological system of Iniskaya has twenty-one segmental phonemes. It is a syllabletimed language employing three pitch levels, three juncture phonemes and three intonation patterns. Iniskaya’s morphological system is made up of free and bound morphemes. The word classes are content and function words. Its bound morphemes are either attached or detached from roots in the case of particles as prefixes and can be inflectional or derivational. The particles can serve as plurality, possessive, verb tense, name, adjective or object markers. In its syntactic system, the predicate in declarative sentences may be an adjective, adverb, noun, prepositional phrase, expletive, intransitive/transitive verb. Interrogative sentences may start with interrogative pronouns or verb/adjective predicates. Its imperative sentences can begin with verbs and nominative of address while its exclamatory sentences start with an interjection or exclamation. The linearity of Iniskaya shares the same constituents with the languages of Central Philippines specifically Cebuano-Visayan.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

The Emergent Tarlac Variety of Kapampangan in Tarlac City: A Descriptive Study Anna Maria Soccorro Y. Coloma anna_maria_soccorro_coloma@yahoo.com Tarlac State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. This study identifies and describes specific linguistic features of an emergent language variety. The study focuses on a major language in the Philippines, Kapampangan, as it is used in written form among young, educated language users in Tarlac City, the provincial capital of Tarlac province, found in Central Luzon. The area is considered an ethnic and linguistic melting pot, explained by both its geography and historical background. At present there are limited researches regarding emergent varieties of Philippine languages. Although Kapampangan users are well aware of the notable differences in the Kapampangan used in the various areas, there are no recognized studies regarding Kapampangan varieties. Off-hand observations by various scholars noting the distinct features of the variety of Kapampangan in Tarlac City as compared to the Kapampangan used in the province of Pampanga are supported by the data gathered for this study. Data strongly suggest that the Tarlac Variety of Kapampangan use loan words from Filipino through the following morphological processes: affixation, analogy and borrowing. Outcomes of this study will help linguists, educators and language planners identify and recognize emergent language varieties, specifically in relation to DepEd’s Mother Tongue-based Multi-Lingual Education. The results of the study will also help the people of the province of Tarlac to recognize, understand and appreciate their heritage, helping them identify themselves apart from their predominantly Kapampangan and Ilocano roots.

Integration of Culture in English Courses for Korean Students in the Philippines Safary Wa-Mbaleka wa-mbalekas@aiias.edu Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. Culture is a complex interdisciplinary topic that has never been exhaustively investigated. One of the most recent topics that have gained attention in the field of applied linguistics is the integration of second culture in English as a second language (ESL) courses. Studies on the integration of culture in ESL courses within the past decade continue to show that not much attention has been given to the explicit instruction of culture as integral part of teaching English to speakers of other languages. The Philippines presents an even more interesting case because English is used, not as a second or foreign language, but rather as a lingua franca to help bridge the communication between Filipinos from varied linguistic backgrounds. This paper presents the findings of the study that investigated how and to what extent English teachers integrate culture in their courses in the Philippines. The survey from more than 50 teachers will revealed the current practices of culture teaching in courses of English as a lingua franca, where most of the research participants were not native speakers of English. Based on the findings, the study proposes some instructional implications for this unique and intricate setting where English is used a lingua franca.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Intermediate Pupils’ English Language Motivation and Reading Difficulties Irene S. Linag flinag4292@yahoo.com La Consolacion University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. Some major difficulties that intermediate teachers complained of were central to the inability of elementary pupils to express themselves in English, take the initiative to improve communicative competence, and, cultivate good reading habit. Informal, diagnostic interviews conducted in classes discovered that the problems were intrinsic to learners. This study pursued to fathom the cause of their inabilities by devising two instruments that sought pupils’ perception as regards their reading difficulties and language motivation. The first instrument identified the pupils’ reading problems on reading comprehension, reading focus, teacherrelated factors, and, school-related factors. The pupils’ language motivation was assessed with respect to the role of language in knowledge acquisition, social interaction, and, future career. A minor modification of the instrument included a portion that elicited respondents’ perceived problems associated with language motivation. The instruments were administered to 129 Grades 5 and 6 pupils. The study discovered that the pupils were highly motivated to learn the language yet support from school and home lacked in the area of providing avenue to use the language. It was further found that the pupils quite had reading difficulties. Recommendations were discussed in the light of the children’s educational community, and home support for their reading problems.

Student’s Language Learning Style Preference and their Language Performance in English Gart R. Solatario garthsoul@yahoo.com San Agustin Institute of Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The study specifically investigated students’ language learning styles and its significance on students’ language performance level in English. Respondents in this sample were 97 senior high students identified through simple random sampling and 20 teacher-respondents, purposively drawn. Results were completed through questionnaire administration and individualized language performance assessment. As a result, students’ working style, ways of learning, vocabulary learning, error correction, media preference and language assessment were clearly perceived by teachers and did not tremendously alter the occurrences as of the students’. Language learning activities, however, exemplified different views between students and teachers. Analytically, task completion and comprehensibility of students’ speaking performance level met the expectations while students’ pronunciation, vocabulary, language control and fluency did not. Students’ writing performance level indicated better scores for task completion, comprehensibility, level of discourse, vocabulary and mechanics. Students exhibited similar expectancy in language control. On the basis of r= .305, language performance assessment provided significance among other predictor variables likewise prompted greater influence on students’ language performance level respectively as validated through multiple regression.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Sentence Structure Animation Improves Syntactic and Semantic Abilities of Culturally Diverse Learners Adelfa C. Silor charm_adel@yahoo.com MSU - Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. In the teaching and learning process, teachers must consider the individual differences. Learners have individual learning styles. This research study focused on the animations of the sentence structures in teaching the culturally diverse learners which improves the syntactic and semantic abilities of the learners. In the age of information technology, learners varied their learning styles. Hence, teachers must also look into the best strategy that fits to needs of the learners. As far as the problems of language and communication are concerned, there is also a need to improve the teaching styles of the teachers. One of the best practices that really helped the diverse learners in syntactic and semantic aspects of language and communication is the use of information and communication technology through animations. Based from the findings of the study, diverse learners are very much motivated to learn the language structure and analyzed the text semantically effective because of the presentation with audio and moving visual pictures and words. Animation helps teachers do this by encouraging children’s use of oral language and by building their awareness of the cultural variations in how sentence structures and comprehension are taught. Oral language skills learned in this way provide a springboard for the more abstract demands of nonverbal language skills associated with reading and writing literacy. This also helps in encouraging role-taking and inferential comprehension. This teaching approach promotes a vision of diversity as a resource, by encouraging children to make selections of narrative form based on the anticipated audience, rather than reducing abilities can participate in the teaching – learning process that can be used to bridge their diverse literacy experiences.

Teaching Practices in Promoting Communication Opportunities in the Languages Classroom Samuel S. Poliden junglesam777@gmail.com Benguet State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. The study investigated the teaching practices that promote communication opportunities in the classroom. Four teaching practices and six language functions were observed, recorded and analyzed using weighted means, frequency counts, percentages, ranks and the Cochran Q-test. Findings revealed that building on prior knowledge and communtarian teaching were predominantly used followed by multiple representations and protracted language event, the least. Eliciting, on the other hand was commonly used by the English teachers in engaging the students in classroom proceedings followed by evaluating, sociating, directing and organizing. The most preferred methods of correcting errors were for the teacher to point out the error and provide the correct form; and to explain why the utterance is incorrect. Finding further showed that teachers use varied teaching practices to provide communication opportunities for students. The study recommends that: (1) the use of multiple representations and protracted language event should also be utilized by teachers to provide students with varied activities and to develop with confidence their communication skills; (2) Activities given to students should be more challenging to encourage them to ask questions that develop their critical thinking; 3) Teachers should adopt more implicit error identification techniques for students to reflect on and repair their own errors.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Performance – Based Assessment Methods in Teaching Literature Maria Estela Teo-Balbuena estela71884@yahoo.com University of Cebu – Lapu Lapu and Mandaue, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Language, Literature and Philosophy 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. This study aimed to determine the current assessments used by literature teachers as basis for an enhanced assessment guide in University of Cebu-Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue (UCLM). The study was descriptive in nature, utilizing questionnaires in profiling and in identifying the assessment schemes in varied genres of Literature. The simple frequency and simple percentage weighted mean were used to find out the frequency and the level of effectiveness of the assessment method. Findings of the study showed that the Teachers used diverse assessment methods in the Teaching of Literature. However, some assessment schemes may be enhanced to measure the authentic appreciation of the students through performing their understanding in each literary genre and relate it to their lives. The researcher concluded that in assessing student learning in literature it is important that students discover personal meaning and relevance. To promote personal responses and connections to particular themes, issues and characters in the story, objective examinations cannot measure this extensively. Assessment of Literature should be grounded in real literary activities and tasks: written, oral or performed. Teachers must consider the different qualities in making a good assessment tool to ensure appreciation and life-long learning.

Two Species of Ladyfishes of the Genus Elops (Elopiformes: Elopidae) in Negros Occidental, Philippines Andrew D. Ordonio andrewordonio@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. The ladyfishes or ten-pounders are widely distributed in tropical to subtropical, marine and coastal waters but the taxonomy of the group is poorly known and some authors recognize fewer species. The uncertainty in correctly evaluating the ladyfish may tend to describe only one species of Elops in Negros Occidental. Describing the Elops species deserves special attention. This paper described the morphometrics of Elops samples collected in Negros Occidental. Counts of gill rakers and total vertebrae were explored to separate the two specific epithets of Elopeformis Elopidae: E. hawaiiensis (vertebrae 68, gill rakers on lower arch 14, and gill rakers on upper arch 8); E. machnata (vertebrae 63-64, gill rakers on lower arch 13-15, and gill rakers on upper arch 7-9). E. machnata comprises 76% of the total samples. The standard length averaged 17.49 (Lmin 5.5 cm, Lmax 29.3cm) while the body weight averaged 84.17 (Wmin 1.3 g, Wmax 230g). Determining the length-weight relationships (LWR) of the Elops, a b value of 2.53 suggests that the Elops in Negros occidental, Philippines is symmetrical. The b value depends primarily on the shape and fatness of the species and the growth is dependent on ecological factors like temperature, salinity, food, and maturity stage.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Phytoplankton Composition in Port, Offshore and Ballast Water of Foreign Vessel in Negros Occidental, Philippines Marlon R. Teruňez John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. Introduction of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in our ocean is one of the greatest threats according to the IMO (International Maritime Organization). Alien or invasive species travel from one ocean to the other through ballast water from the international shipping industry which is very inevitable. In the Philippines, few existing studies were established on phytoplankton composition in ballast tanks of a foreign vessel, thus this study is conducted. This study aimed to identify the phytoplankton composition of port, offshore and ballast water from a foreign vessel docking in Negros Occidental, Philippines. Furthermore, this study aimed to determine the cell density, species diversity and evenness and physico-chemical characteristics such as pH, temperature and salinity. A total of 39 liters were taken from the middle layer of the port, offshore and ballast tanks through sounding pipe and siphon technique. Temperature, pH and salinity were measured in situ. All water samples were preserved with Lugol’s solution and transported in the Phycology laboratory at Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center-AQD. This study provides baseline information on plankton composition present in port, offshore and ballast water from a foreign-going vessel in the Philippines.

Acclimation Technology for Freshwater Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus x Oreochromis niloticus) for Adaptability to Seawater Environment Mary Joy Tabayan chmsc_rds@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. The study utilized 360 freshwater hybrid tilapia juveniles with a stocking density of 20/styrofoam box based on the stocking rate of 0.50 fish/liter of water and were acclimated for 10 days. The experiment was arranged in systematic design with six treatments replicated three times. The main objective of this study was to establish an innovative acclimation technology through subjecting the freshwater hybrid tilapia to different water exchange rates except for treatment 1 which stands as a control until the desired water salinity was reached. Specific objectives were to determine significant differences on the effects of water exchange rates on survival of freshwater hybrid tilapia and to determine the significant model of survival as influence by dissolved oxygen, salinity, and temperature. Results showed that there were significant differences of water exchange rate in its effect on salinity between treatment 5, 2, 3, 4, 6, & 1 (AM & PM). The effect is directly proportional which means that the higher the water exchange rate, the greater is the increase in the salinity of water that resulted to shorter acclimation period to reach the desired seawater salinity. No significant differences were found in the survival of freshwater hybrid tilapia between treatment 1, 2, 4, 3, and 5. However, in treatment 6 the result showed significant difference. The optimal level of water exchange rate was found out to be 6.67%. This is based from the model of Survival = 19.9571 + 0.008 WER – 0.0006 (WER). In terms of the survival as influence by water parameters; namely dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature, there exists a significant model with a coefficient of determination (R²) amounted to 0.149. Further analysis shown in the table of regression coefficients, the dissolved oxygen and salinity are significant contributor to survival. However, the temperature exhibited a non significant coefficient.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

The Antibacterial Activity of the Characterized Ocimum basilicum Essential oil (Family Lamiaceae) and Its Formulated Ointment Shiela P. De Vera – Miranda shielamar2003@yahoo.com Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. Antibacterial topical drug products are readily available in the drugstore for the treatment and management of bacterial skin diseases however, their exorbitant prices present a problem to the less fortunate. This study aims to produce an affordable and effective antibacterial agent as an answer to the high price of topical antibiotics. In this study, the essential oil obtained from the fresh leaves of an indigenous plant from Pangasinan, Ocimum basilicum L. commonly known as Balanoy which belongs to Family Lamiaceae was characterized physically and chemically to determine its quality and purity and to identify its chemical composition. The determination of physical characteristics and constants of the OBEO resulted in the detection of pure and of good quality essential oil; and 28 chemical constituents were identified using the GC-MS. Benzene,1,2-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl, caryophyllene, apha-cubebene, cyclohexane,1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl, apha-caryophyllene and eugenol were found to be the major constituents based on the relative amounts(%) obtained in the chromatographic analysis of components. OBEO and its formulated ointment (0.1%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) recorded antibacterial activity on both Gram–positive test bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and were strongest against S. pyogenes; with Gentamicin as the positive control. The formulated ointment is significantly more effective than the OBEO. The Formulated ointment at any concentration is effective on the aforementioned Gram-positive test bacteria. The formulated ointments are safe and non-irritating to the skin.

Innovative Products from Red Seaweed (Eucheuma muricatum) Rosebella L. Malo rosebellamalo@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. Dried red seaweed Eucheuma muricatum was used in the study. The dried seaweeds were used as ready materials to develop different innovative products that can be used as main dish and food stuffs. An experiment was conducted to develop dried seaweeds into palabok, carbonara and salad. The quality attributes such as appearance, odor, texture, taste and general acceptability were evaluated. The innovative products were subjected to organoleptic testing using 9 point hedonic scale to determine the quality attributes and general acceptability. The quality of seaweed palabok had a mean score of 8.5 which meant like very much, seaweeds carbonara was 8.0 or like very much and seaweeds salad had a score of 8.6 interpreted as extremely like. In terms of acceptability the carbonara had a score of 8.3 or like very much, palabok had 8.8 or extremely like and the salad had a score of 8.7 or extremely like. The appearance, odor and taste of the product had a mean score higher than 8 which meant that the dried seaweed can be used as convenient material for salad, carbonara and palabok. The texture of salad and carbonara was 7.5 which need to be improved to increase the hedonic score of the texture and the acceptability of the product. The result of the study can be used to advertise the dried seaweeds for commercialization into convenient foods.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Phytotoxic and Antimitotic Potential of Philippines Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson Leaf Extracts Lina T. Codilla ltcodilla@yahoo.com.ph JH Cerilles State College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson, a member of the Asteraceae Family, is a weedy shrub native to the warm Central and South America but has successfully invaded other regions of the world including the Philippine islands. Its diverse range of secondary metabolites contributes to its allelopathic properties but phytotoxic and antimitotic potential of C. odorata from the Philippines has not been studied. Ethanol and aqueous crude extracts of C. odorata leaves were tested on seed germination and seedling growth of Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato) in 7-day and 14-day observation periods. The lowest concentration level of 0.5% ethanol crude extracts significantly inhibited germination and seedling growth of L. esculentum in 7-day and 14-day observation periods. A higher level of 5.0% for the aqueous crude extracts had similar inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth in both observation periods. The 0.5% ethanol crude extract also reduced the mitotic index of Allium cepa (onion) root tips. Column chromatographic elution of ethanol crude extract yielded 11 fractions, each of which was subjected to bioassay. Only fractions 4 and 5 inhibited seed germination of L. esculentum at 25% concentration. Phytochemical screening of fractions 4 and 5 are positive for the presence of alkaloids and steroids that may have caused the inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of L. esculentum, and the reduction of the mitotic index of A. cepa root tips.

Collaborative Drug Therapy Management Between Physicians and Pharmacists in Hospitals in Pangasinan Rosalyn G. Rosal Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. In clinical pharmacy, the collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) is an integral part that entails a multidisciplinary process for the selection of appropriate drug therapies, educating patients, and monitoring and continually assessing the outcomes of therapy. This study was conducted to establish the level of practice of collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) among hospitals in Pangasinan by utilizing the descriptive type of research. The simple descriptive analysis was used such as analysis of variance (ANOVA), and weighted mean. Results show that the level of practice of collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) between physicians and pharmacists has a significant impact in the existing healthcare system. However, pharmacists who are engaged in the scope of practice of CDTM have a poor level of practice specifically in the areas of selecting drug therapies and monitoring and continuously assessing the outcome of therapy. Further results show that factors affecting the practice of CDTM for both physicians and pharmacists have a considerable effect especially on the part of the pharmacists in the areas of communication skills, personal and professional development and inter-professional relationship. In addition to this, the administrative management also has a direct impact on the practice of CDTM for both physicians and pharmacists. In terms of the demographic profile, the level of practice for both physicians and pharmacists is different in some areas and may influence the practice of CDTM. The study concludes that pharmacists in the hospital pharmacy setting in Pangasinan play a central role in dealing with drug therapy problems. However, the specific role of the pharmacists in the scope of CDTM needs to be more objective and clearly defined.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Cancer Chemopreventive Activity of the Characterized Bioactive Alkaloid Extract from Musa sapientum (Musaceae) Flower Filipina L. Misalang Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. Cancer continues to represent the largest cause of mortality in the world and claims over 6 million lives each year. Hence, an extremely promising strategy for cancer prevention today is chemoprevention, in which synthetic or natural agents (alone or in combination) are used to block the development of cancer in human beings. Musa sapientum flower has been noted to contain alkaloid which has the ability to arrest cell cycle progression in human tumor cell lines. Hence, the bioactive alkaloid extract from Musa sapientum (Musaceae) was subjected to physico-chemical characterization to determine the stability of the alkaloid extract and also to determine if the alkaloid extract contain primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary amines and amine oxide bases which are responsible for the basicity of the alkaloid extract. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry was performed to confirm the results obtained from the physico-chemical test done on the alkaloid extract and to determine the functional groups or moieties present in the structure of the substance. Proximate assay was conducted to determine the total alkaloids in the Musa sapientum flower alkaloid extract. The cancer chemopreventive activity of the alkaloid extract was determined through clastogenecity bioassay and micronucleus test. It was found out that 1% and 2% alkaloid extract has no significant difference as shown by a low mean difference but is significantly different with the colchicine (positive control with a proven mitotic poison). Likewise, cancer chemopreventive activity of the 2% alkaloid extract and colchicine has no significant difference, which means that the 2% alkaloid extract is as effective as colchicine in inhibiting mitosis. The ability of the 2% Musa sapientum alkaloid extract to induce micronucleus formation in the bone marrow of albino rats is relatively effective as to that of the positive control which is the cyclophosphamide. Moreover, the Musa sapientum flower alkaloid extract was able to exert effects on cell-energy production required for the mitosis and interference with nucleic acid synthesis thereby inhibiting transcription of various genes such as DNA and RNA.

Development and Evaluation of Iota Carrageenen – Based Hand Sanitizer Monina C. Babaran moninababaran@yahoo.com Cebu Technological University- Carmen Campus, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The study aimed to develop an iota carrageenan-based hand sanitizer. Using the CRD, the study employed 3 carrageenan concentrations: T0 (control), T1 (1.5%), T2 (2.0%), T3 (3.0%). Results showed that T3 (3.0%) was the most acceptable by panel experts and evaluators. Twenty-five expert panelists judged the sensory qualities and acceptability of the seven product prototypes with the aid of descriptive analysis and hedonic scale test. The sensory evaluation was made in three replications, the analytical means of which was used to establish the product quality. Preference test or the consumer preference, with 50 panelists for each test period, was administered to validate the expert panelists’ perceptions and identify the most preferred sample formulation among the seven treatments. The data gathered were treated statistically using means, averages, percentile and ANOVA test to determine any significant difference among treatments. The final output of the study is the proposed formulation of iota carrageenan-based hand sanitizer. Results show that of the seven hand sanitizer formulations, treatment 1 (control) or the commercial product obtained the highest viscosity (492 cps) while treatments 2 and 3 had the lowest (53 cps). However, among the 6 iota-based formulations, treatment 7 showed the highest viscosity (463 cps). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) exhibited highly significant differences among the different product formulations in terms of viscosity. It appeared that viscosity increases along with increasing level of iota carrageenan in the formulation. Treatment 3 (1.5% carrageenan, 70% ethanol) had the highest pH (6.83) while treatment 6 (3.0% carrageenan, 60% ethanol) had the lowest (6.60 cps). All 6 iota-based hand sanitizer formulations were evaluated as very much clear in color. However, treatment 3 ((1.5% carrageenan, 70% ethanol) had the highest average weighted mean (4.11) while treatment 6 ((3.0% carrageenan, 60% ethanol) had the lowest (3.53). ANOVA results showed highly significant differences among the treatments in terms of color. Of the 7 product formulations, treatments 7 and 1 were found by evaluators as very much scented.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Climate Change Awareness, Attitude and Adaptation of Central Philippines Coastal Community Joji Linaugo enarlinaugo@yahoo.com La Consolacion College – Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. A total of 395 households were surveyed to look into the awareness, attitude and adaptation towards climate change in 10 coastal villages of Pulupandan, Negros Occidental, Central Philippines. Majority of the respondents have heard about climate change issues before the interview mostly from transistor radios and television sets and they also wanted to be informed about the issues through the same media. The villagers consider burning of fossil fuels and denudation of the forests as major causes of climate change. A considerable number though feel that the changes were caused by a supernatural being. The most dominant feeling of the respondents about climate change is fear but some of them are very hopeful that they can do something to adapt. It is recommended that the local government units (LGUs) should conduct information drives to further enhance the awareness of the people and make them adapted well to the changes.

Absorption and Biomass Concentration of Thraustochytrid Schizochytrium aggregatum (Goldstein & Belsky) in Bunker C Oil Brian Gil S. Sarinas John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. Diverse array of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protists are involved during oil spill events. Each microorganism has its own specific function whether it has to degrade or adsorb hydrocarbons. One important microorganism is the thraustochytrid which is a heterokont algae and are common in marine and estuarine habitats. Numerous studies exist on the biodegradation and adsorption of thraustochytrids on various substances but not on Bunker C oil. Thus, the study aimed to determine the adsorption capacity and mean biomass of thraustochytrids in Bunker C oil using different cell densities measured in grams. All of the three treatments or cell densities (1 x 105 cells/ml, 1 x 106 cells/ml and 1 x 107 cells/ml) were triplicated and average values were recorded. Oil dispersant was used as a control. It showed that thraustochytrid with 1 x 107 cells/ ml show the highest adsorbed oil (.051 g) among the three cell densities and showed significant difference at p=.01 but somehow comparable to that of the control (.067 g). In terms of biomass concentration, all cell densities show no significant difference at p=.01. This study shows that thraustochytrid is a promising tool during oil spill because it has the capacity to adsorb oil.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Stomatal Morphological Characterization of Plants in an Industrial and Non-Industrial Areas in Toril, Davao City Fatima Mae Basirul San Pedro College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. This study aims to determine morphological characterization of the stomata in leaves of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis) and carabao grass (Paspalum conjugatum L) growing within the 40-meter distance fronting an industrial area and an approximate 1,100 m2 of non-industrial area in Toril, Davao City. Using the transect walk method, leaf samples were taken from both locations and their stomata morphology as to shape, size and index were measured through leaf impression method and light microscopy. Findings of the study showed the presence of stomata on both surfaces of the leaves (amphystomatic) and stomata in bougainvillea and carabao grass appeared as kidney and dumbbell-shaped respectively. T-test value on the total mean of stomatal leaf area between the industrial and non-industrial site in abaxial surface of bougainvillea (p = 0.0010) and carabao grass (p = 0.0088) were significant as well as in adaxial surface of bougainvillea (p= 0.0231) and carabao grass (p = 0.0004). T- test value on the stomatal index between the two sites in abaxial surface of bougainvillea (p=0.0045) and carabao grass (p=0.0791). Similar findings on the adaxial surface also showed significant results for bougainvillea (p= 0.0006) and carabao grass (p = 0.0004). Increased in size and higher index value of stomata in carabao grasses than bougainvilla are possible potential indicators for biological monitoring of air quality.

Diversity and Local Status of Earthworms in the Mossy and Montane Forests of Mt. Hilong-hilong Range, Agusan del Norte, Philippines Alma B. Mohagan Central Mindanao University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 1: 01- 1: 20 p.m. Earthworms play an important role in the ecosystem as keystone species on soil formation. They plough the soil, mix, till and build topsoil as they burrow through the earth. They consume large quantities of soil and fresh or partially decomposed organic matter from the soil surface, depositing it as fecal matter/casts in the lower soil horizons. They loosen and aerate the soil as they tunnel the ground affecting the hydrology cycle. Earthworms in their natural habitats improve soil structure, fertility, and the rate that organic matter gets broken down. Yet, they are less known in the Philippines. Here, inventory of earthworms in the mossy and montane forests of Mt. Hilong-hilong, Diwata Range, AgusandelNorte was conducted in 15 days to provide information on species composition and richness using digging, hand sorting and counting methods. Twenty six species were identified and 6 were undetermined. These were placed in 32 genera. Twenty species were disconcordant in the mossy and seventeen species in the montane forest. Only six species of earthworms were concordant in both vegetations. Species diversity was higher in the mossy forest H’ = 2.788 compared to montane forest H’ = 2.674. Similarity of species composition showed low Si=25.33% between the mossy and montane forests which implies that mossy and montane forests are two unique habitats for earthworms in Mt. Hilong-hilong. It is recommended that cast formation and biology of these earthworms be studied as future source of vermicast organic fertilizer production rather than using exotic stocks.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Analysis of Cataning River: Basis for Sustainable Management Program EDESSA G. FLORDELIZ Colegio de San Juan de Letran Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 1: 21 – 1:40 p.m. River water quality objectives provide the basis for pollution control regulations and for carrying out specific measures for the prevention, control or reduction of water pollution and other adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems. River water uses impose different requirements on water quality and associated water quality criteria are often different for each use. Balanga City, a second class city of Bataan, has three major rivers that include the Cataning River which is 4.98 km in length. It traverses along residential, agricultural, industrial, and commercial areas. The general problem of the study is: How may the water of Cataning River be described thatthis study may serve as springboard for sustainable development management program in the City of Balanga during Fiscal Year 2012? There is an alarming count for both biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in most of the water point location. In addition, there is an extremely high registration of coli form count. The comparison of laboratory tested values of different parameters with NPCC’s standards indicated that the river water though regarded as class B river is polluted with reference to some parameters studied and water quality management is urgently needed in the study area.

Diversity and Status of Butterflies in Dinagat Islands, Philippines Alma B. Mohagan Central Mindanao University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 1: 41 – 2:00 This study aims to provide information on the status of butterflies in the three habitat types of Dinagat islands, Mindanao. Belt transect, light and malaise traps and time constraint samplings were employed in the study in three Mountain namely: Mt. Paragua, Mt. Redondo and Mt. Kimbinliw. Data revealed 101 species of butterflies documented. Of these, 72 or 71% were endemic. Ten were rare Philippine endemic, 18 common Philippine endemic, 1 very rare Philippine endemic, 3 rare Mindanao endemic, 6 common endemic and 2 rare Dinagat Island endemic . Three of the species are new record to the Philippines, 4 new record to Mindanao, 58 new record to Dinagat Islands and 28 recorded species in Dinagat islands in the previous study. The 101 species with 71% endemism and the presence of newly recorded species are noteworthy for conservation. More than 50% of the species found in each habitat types are disconcordant, most of the endemic species were found in the forest habitats. This suggests that forests are important in sustaining the lives of the endemic butterflies in the area.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

The Use of Non-Traditional Assessment in Online Science Courses Alvie Simonette Q. Alip University of the Philippines Open University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 2:11 – 2:30 The Ohio Department of Education (ODE) defines assessment as a process of collecting evidence of what students know and can do. According to Ibe (1997), “new instructional methods demand new assessment methods”. The use of non-traditional assessments is particularly useful to help students reflect on their own learning by providing more comprehensive measures of their cognitive abilities. The student’s ability to integrate concepts and perform specific skills is often more successfully measured using the non-traditional assessments. In distance education (DE), the procedures used to assess student performance are generally the same as the face-to-face education (Puspitasari, 2010). The UP Open University (UPOU) offers science courses through DE, which employ teaching and learning via computer network and other media technologies. Through the online interviews of the UPOU faculties-in-charge (FICs), this paper describes the non-traditional assessments used by the FICs in the three science courses studied. Results showed that, generally, a longer time was encountered by the FICs and students in the use of essay test, virtual reporting, and blogging. Nevertheless, the students expressed meaningful learning experiences with the non-traditional assessments used. It is essential that the FICs/teachers use assessments that enable their students to be active and reflective in their learning.

Implementation Barriers of Carbon Management Technologies of Industries in Northern Mindanao Dindo Manulat Iligan Medical Center College Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 2:31 – 2:50 As environmental concerns have grown among small scale industries and large corporations in the Philippines, interventions to reduce carbon emissions should be implemented by the stakeholders and key players from the industries. But considering the status quo, this study shows the reasons and identifies the intentions why companies could not easily adapt and implement carbon management technologies which are practiced by other international companies. The scope of the study is in Northern Mindanao where around 30 industries from the energy generation, cement industry, food production, chemical processing, and steel manufacturing are the major divisions.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Research Capability among Nurse Educators: A Correlational Study Tonette M. Villanueva University of San Jose Recoletos Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 2:51 – 3:10 Nurse Educators play a vital role in evidence-based nursing practice. These are best manifested on the country’s capability for standards of care, health technology, professional and patient’s adaptation, and health care innovations. It is also through individual research capacity that research intensity can be improved. The researchers utilized the Research Process Model of Polit and Beck, the researchers assessed the nurse educator’s research capacity of X University. The researchers utilized the descriptive-correlational design wherein 54 participants were randomly taken from the 179 participants, however, only 50 responded to the validated instrument. Findings revealed that nurse educators obtained a GM of 2.44 (Low Capacity). It was also observed that there is no significant relationship between nurse educator’s research capacity vis-à-vis to their: (1) educational attainment; (2) age; and (3) civil status. However there is a: (1) slight positive correlation between gender and research capacity; and (2) moderate positive correlation between length of service and research capacity.

Street Children Programs of the Selected Government Organization and Non-Government Organizations of Davao City: Basis for CES Program of Rizal Memorial Colleges Wilfreda C. Julve Rizal Memorial Colleges Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 3:21- 3:40 Children on the streets are vulnerable to unwanted circumstances. Most of the time, they are denied of the various rights and social privileges, aside from they do not receive ample nurturing from parents. Considering the observable numbers of children on the street in the City of Davao, this paper aimed to look into the activities and programs of both government and non-government agencies in addressing various concerns of street children. Findings of this study hope to promote and advocate street children’s welfare through a Community Extension Program. A descriptive survey was employed in this study. Respondents were composed of selected key persons of government and non-government agencies which programs are directed towards helping street children. In addition, an interview was conducted to selected children who are beneficiaries of these agencies’ programs. The findings show that these agencies have programs such as livelihood, scholarship and environmental awareness. Furthermore, they get monetary support from both local and international subsidiary agencies which promote the same advocacy.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Needs Assessment of College General Education Science Instructors: Basis for a Proposal In-Service Science Program Delia A. Rosillo Rizal Memorial Colleges Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 3:41- 4:00 This study assesses the needs of General Education Science Instructors of Region XI in terms of physiological, social, and professional needs. This utilizes the descriptive method of research and the survey questionnaire as the main source of data. The respondents included in the study were 250 college instructors teaching general education science subjects. The results of the study showed that building research capabilities, upgrading teaching methodologies and the need for better incentives in the form of higher salaries and benefits were the perceived needs of the respondents. The study also concludes that of the three perceived needs, the need to grow professionally was given the top priority. An in-service science program has been proposed to help improve the quality of science teaching in the Region.

A Meta – Analysis of Experimental Research Studies on Mathematics Teaching Myrna S. Loren Surigao del Sur State University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 4:01- 4:20 Choosing correct teaching strategy and how this strategy is established, is important in teaching mathematics to attain good performance. This study investigates the different experimental research studies on the effectiveness of teaching strategies in mathematics and their effect on student’s achievement in mathematics using the Glass Meta-Analytic. Hypotheses on significant differences in mathematics achievement of students exposed in the experimental method and traditional method and on the significant differences in the effectiveness of teaching strategies in experimental group across elements of the research problem and research methodology were tested at 0.05 level of significance using the effect size formula of Gene Glass, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The latter were exposed to the pretest-post test control group design. Almost the entire research study made use of the t-test and z-test as the statistical tools. The highest effect size was the elementary pupils with remedial-technique as the teaching method. Furthermore, test-retest as a means to establish reliability and a very high reliability coefficient also posted a highest effect. Other results indicated that students’ achievement in mathematics utilizing the experimental teaching strategies was significantly higher compared to those students taught using the traditional ones. Lastly, teaching strategy was identified as the significant predictor on the achievement of students in mathematics. Experimental strategies of teaching in mathematics are more effective in improving student’s achievement in mathematics than those with the traditional lecture method. This further concludes that the recommendation of the National Council of Teaching Mathematics of using the variety of experimental teaching strategies as an essential tool in mathematics teaching is proven in this meta-analysis.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Building Students’ Avoidance Behavior in Plagiarism through Appreciative Pedagogy Ethelbert P. Dapiton Our Lady of Fatima University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 4:31 - 4:51 The pressing issue of plagiarism in academia pervaded the very fiber of ethical behavior among students. Plagiarism detection software may only go as far as detecting strings of words that were copied from the Net; nevertheless, the problem still remains apparent due to lack of students’ affective ability to comprehend the consequences of plagiarism and its underlying ethical misdemeanor. Appreciative pedagogy was introduced in this context to permeate among students’ mindset the importance of directing the teaching-learning process into a track of profound collective thought to create a positive image of an ideal pedagogical mechanism impressing among students what is right and appropriate. Appreciative pedagogy is a creative method to solve the problem of plagiarism that touches the foundation of the issue rather than merely treating the problem at its tip. It is expected that through appreciative pedagogy of elucidating plagiarism and its consequences, students will have a better output away from the usual copy-paste behavior. The recent development of plagiarism detection software is a good initiative to distinguish copied works from the original, however, it would only gone that far enough. Without affecting the value system of the students about the consequences of plagiarism the issue will never stop.

The Balanced Approach Versus Classroom Dialogues for Oral English Proficiency Teresa Acedo Alas Surigao del Sur StateUniversity Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 4:51 – 5:10 This study explored the use of classroom dialogues as tools for the improvement of freshmen Education students’ proficiency in spoken English. These activities, designed by Nick Bilbrough, were grouped into five sets so arranged to allow the gradual progression of learning as students interact with one another in small groupings. The purpose of this study was to help teachers and school identify whether the use of classroom dialogues could help improve the oral communication skills of students using the target language. Two heterogeneous groupings were identified for this study-one using the Balanced Approach in Teaching and the other using Classroom Dialogues. Students accessed dialogues receptively at first progressing to other tasks which focused on their own production and creation of dialogues. Pre-test results revealed that students from both groups were less proficient in the four criteria in oral English proficiency with the experimental group having a higher over-all mean compared to the control group. However, a very small mean difference indicated that the two groups have almost the same level of proficiency at the start of the experiment. Post experimental interviews, on the other hand, revealed that respondents showed a little improvement in all of the criteria of the proficiency test. Although the experimental group performed quite better than the control group, as indicated in their higher post test mean score, it is noticeable that the control group has a higher mean on their fluency and coherence. The control group showed a higher mean increase compared to the experimental group. Overall results of the One-Way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) illustrated that the two groups differed significantly on their oral proficiency in all criteria on fluency, lexical resource, grammar, and pronunciation. After the experiment, students in the experimental group spoke fluently with coherence, had a wider range of vocabulary, and had more ability to produce phonological features of speech. Coupled with the students’ positive response to their classroom activities as influenced by a low anxiety and less threatening environment, classroom dialogues proved to have helped enhance the students’ oral English proficiency level. Based on the findings of this activity, it can be concluded that Classroom Dialogues have helped improve the First Year Teacher Education students’ oral English proficiency.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 1 August 22, 2012

Microbial and Pesticide Content of Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Cantilan, Surigao del Sur: Basis for Potential Food Consumption VIRGINIA B. GRUYAL Surigao del Sur State University Philippines Venue: Tokyo B 5:11 - 5:30 Food safety is very important and is shared responsibility of everybody involved with food from the professional to the consumers. All along the food chain, various procedures and control mechanism are implemented to assure that the food which reaches the consumers table is fit to consumption, that the risks of contamination are minimized. The main purpose of the study was to determine the levels of microbiological and chemical contamination of golden apple snails in Cantilan, Surigao Del Sur as basis for food consumption and commercialization for farmers and barangay residents. Adopted the experimental design. The study revealed: (1) all whole golden snail samples subjected to laboratory analysis have varying Coliform and Salmonella count. The coliform count ranges from 6.00 x 102 CFU/g to 2.95 x 105 CFU/g. The freshly gathered snail sample revealed a count of 1.63 x 105 CFU/g. Cooked sample which underwent natural starvation too at same count of days has 4.00 x 103 CFU/g. Samples that were starved for 8 hours with hot pepper has 2.85 x 105 CFU/g. Samples that were starved with hot pepper then cooked for ten minutes has 6.00 x 102 CFU/g. All salmonella values are zero (negative) except for the naturally starved (2 days) sample which has 2.80 x 102 CFU/g. The values also show that the cooking process affect the microbial level of golden snail samples. Cooked samples contain less plate count, bacterial count, colifrm count and salmonella count than the uncooked samples The best suitable methods of preparing the ready-to-eat golden snails are through induced starving, cooking and dressing them (edible part only). Cooking process (20-30 minutes), refrigeration (40 degrees F) and proper handling are the best solution in freeing food from contamination.

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Perseverance Level and Academic Performance of the Students: An Input for Improving Guidance and Counseling of the Nueva Vizcaya State University Julius S. Valderama JSVALDRM@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. The study is focused on perseverance or persistence and its role in the academic progress of the college students. One of the outputs of this study is a scale instrument that could be used to determine the perseverance level of the student. There were 215 perseverance statements elicited from 100 college students and later on reduced to 73 statements. After applying Factor Analysis, varimax rotation for the item loading and the screen plot for the suggested number of factors, the final scale with 47 statement and 6 factors was determined. The researcher found out that the scale has high reliability coefficient. It is then recommended for use in determining the perseverance level of the students. Another output of the study is to determine the demographic factors of college students that are best predictors of perseverance. The level of perseverance of the students was obtained after utilizing the scale instrument and treated using Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis. The number of siblings, GPA and the statement – “my education was financed by my parents with the support coming from my relative” were the predictors of the student’s perseverance.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Correlates of Employment in Alcate, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro: Implications for Community Development Initiatives Ma. Concepcion L. Mores mcblmores07@gmail.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. The study attempted to explore on the patterns of employment in Alcate, Victoria, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines as basis for putting into proper perspective future livelihood focused development initiatives for said community. Household interview of a sample of eighteen- to seventy-year old residents of the place was undertaken. Their sociodemographic attributes were correlated with their status of employment as to on-farm or non-farm and whether self-employed or wage-employed. The respondents were of almost equal number of male and female. Most were married, middle-aged, with modal household size of six to ten members and of low educational attainment. Slightly more than half owned farm land but slightly more than half also were engaged in non-farm work. Majority had at least a year of farming experience and less than half had attended at least one skills training. Nearly two-thirds of them were self-employed. There was remarkable propensity for self-employment in farm jobs while non-farm incomes accrued via both self-employment and wage employment. Employment as to on-farm or non-farm was significantly related to age, educational attainment, farming experience and attendance to skills training. In terms of whether self-employed or wage-employed, gender, age group, land ownership and attendance to skills training had highly significant relationship.

Student’s Perspective of Teaching Competence of Graduate Studies Faculty Members: The Case in Southern Leyte State University Marvin S. Daguplo daguplosdv@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This cross-sectional survey design assessed the teaching competence of faculty members in the graduate studies of Southern Leyte State University. Some 122 randomly selected graduate education students of SLSU during the second semester of School Year 2010-2011 responded the standardized questionnaire on Teaching Practices and Values Orientation of Graduate Studies Faculty. Alternatively, the profile of the graduate studies faculty was asked from the Office of the Graduate Studies. Descriptive analysis revealed that women faculty outnumbered their male equals in pursuing higher academic degree. Thus, female graduate studies faculty stood-out in the Assistant and Associate Professorships’ ranks. Moreover, graduate students assessed their professors as very competent in two areas, namely, (i)Professional Ethics and (ii) Personal Qualities; and as competent in the areas of: (i) Mastery of the Subject Matter, (ii) Teaching Skills), (iii) Classroom Management, (iv) Evaluation Skills, (v) Intrapersonal Qualities, and (vi) Aesthetic Qualities. Inferential analysis, however, revealed a “weak to moderate” correlation with the different areas of teaching skills of teaching competence. Only the educational degree of the SLSU Graduate Education Faculty is strongly correlated with personal qualities. With competent faculty, one can assure that the quality education is properly guarded in the graduate studies of Southern Leyte State University.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

The Implementation and Practices of Faculty Development Program of SUCs Lilibeth S. Tindugan LPSTNDGN@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. This study looks into the implementation of Faculty Development Program (FDP) of State Universities and Colleges in the Provinces of Leyte including their considered best practices. A researcher-made questionnaire which underwent the process of validation, pilot-testing, and reliability test was utilized for 93 regular faculty members of Eastern Visayas State University, Visayas State University, and Southern Leyte State University. Male and female faculty members were almost equal in number. Majority were holders of Doctoral degree but were still Instructors with no designations. They were 46–50 years of age and had 21 or more years of experience as teachers. They were mostly Catholics. On the average, 52.69% availed the FDP provisions. They considered assistance in Thesis/Dissertation writing and opportunities for service credits, field trips, socializations, sports and other recreational activities as best practices. They understood the policy on requirement and allocation of scholarship assistance. The administration is generally supportive and a monitoring scheme existed. Thus, SUCs in Leyte made efforts in implementing FDP since it is functional. Best practices were identified. However, budget allocation, policy dissemination, faculty orientation, and monitoring procedures were its observed limitations. To address the gaps, an improved FDP for the next five years is proposed.

Soft Skill Development at the Workplace: An Empirical Study in Oman Taki Al Abduwani cesjunio@yahoo.com Gulf College Muscat, Oman Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. Soft skills may be grouped into intrapersonal, interpersonal and situational skills. Intrapersonal skills are those skills individuals need to possess and perfect to manage themselves and as a prerequisite to interpersonal skills. Personal soft skills are intrapersonal skills that lead to personal development. Interpersonal skills are required for smooth interaction between co-workers on the one hand and with clients on the other. Situational skills are those skills that have relevance in given situation and may be firm or individual specific. These may be a combination of various personal and interpersonal skills applied to specific situations and hence exhibit characteristics of situational analysis. The skill endowment position is empirically verified in an emerging economy like Oman taking banking and oil cases in the context of managerial employees. The skills are assessed before and after training programmes to assess skill enhancement scores in respect of junior and senior managers. Leadership, communication, team management, time management, emotional intelligence and customer care have been some of the intervention programmes adopted by the sample institutions.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Responsiveness of Sorsogon State College School of Graduate Studies and its Graduates to Community Needs Magdalena M. Ocbian SSC_magz@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The study primarily aims to determine the responsiveness of the Sorsogon State College School of Graduate Studies and its graduates to community needs. The respondents are 59 graduates for SY 2002 to 2007 and 29 employers. Data were taken using documentary analysis, survey questionnaire and unstructured interview. Statistical tools were frequency counts, percentage and mean. Results revealed that 44% of the respondents are employed at DepEd, 36% are with SUCs, 15% are with the LGUs while 5% are employed at private HEIs. Most have been promoted after earning masters’ degrees. Findings also showed that the SGS are responsive to the various stakeholders in the community along the VMGO and curricular offerings. Along research, the graduates have limited researches but these are very much congruent to the needs of the clients. Along professional development, the graduates performed their functions very satisfactorily and responded to the community as speakers and members of various organizations and participate actively in various projects and activities. However, there are some areas in the graduate school that need improvement which should be addressed by the College to achieve quality education and attain its vision of becoming a center of excellence in the province and beyond.

The Alumni as Integral to the Stakeholders of a Maritime Institution: A Tracer Study Emeliza T. Estimo eestimo0322@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. Every educational institution considers the alumni as part of its stakeholders. This tracer study was designed to randomly track down the BSMT Alumni of the Maritime Department of JBLCF- Bacolod as it attempted to gather more data by directing the alumni to an online survey questionnaire created and linked through the school’s official website. This link was advertised in the JBLCF-Bacolod Alumni group to generate more data. A number of alumni were reached within the tracking period which was June 2011 to March 2012. Findings revealed that the BSMT Alumni seem to find employment as soon as they reach the age of 21 and that they seem to gain a stable employment as they reach the age of 26. Furthermore, it was gleaned from the data that those alumni who belong to the age group of 21 to 25 years old are mostly employed as Ordinary Seamen. Data also revealed that within 6 to 10 years after graduation, the alumni could rise from the position of a Second mate to Chief Mate. It was further noted that some of them have failed to reach the peak of their career 17 years or more after graduation. The survey also yielded helpful suggestions which placed big emphasis on continuous improvement of facilities, procurement of modern equipment, exposure of the students to simulation activities, providing relevant and up-to-date instruction, strict implementation of discipline, strong foundation on basic skills, hiring of competent young professional instructors, seriousness in taking assessments and board exams, adequate communication skills for both instructors and students, stronger link with the alumni, promptness of the school’s service offices, more accessible training center, and better employment assistance to alumni.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Corporate Governance Mechanism, Audit Quality and Accrual Quality (Indonesia Manufacturing Company Evidance) Aloysius Harry Mukti aloysiusharry@yahoo.com Philippine Christian University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. This study examines the influence of implementation of corporate governance mechanism and audit quality toward accrual quality of the corporation. The implementation of corporate governance mechanism uses three measures: the effectiveness of the audit committee, board effectiveness and family ownership structure. For audit quality the measurements uses two approaches: amount of audit fee and grouping the company into two groups (audited by the auditor big-4 and audited by auditor non big-4). The study was conducted among selected manufacturing companies in Indonesia, during the period 2007-2009. Based on the results of the study, we find that only the board of Commissioners and grouping the company into two group (audited by the auditor big-4 and audited by auditor non big-4 experience) as a proxy of audit quality significantly improved quality of accrual.

On-the-Job Performance of Maritime Students: Meeting Stakeholders’ Expectations in the Shipping Industry Alex D. Tan alexdtan@yahoo.com John B Lacson Colleges Foundation - Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. This descriptive study aims to find out the level of performance of the JBLCF-Bacolod BSMT and BSME cadets during their On-the-Job Training (OJT) on board international sea-going vessels. Data used in the study were taken from the evaluation facilitated by the Shipboard Training Office. The survey instrument used to evaluate the cadets included criteria on personality and general knowledge, social behavior, and readiness for promotion and retention which were accomplished by the cadets’ senior officers during their apprenticeship. Results of the evaluation showed that BSMT and BSME cadets had a satisfactory level of performance in terms of defect and fault finding, English knowledge, work supervision, quality and performance of work, responsibility and independence, and cost consciousness. Interesting results were also noted in terms of personality, social behavior, and readiness for promotion. Furthermore, the use of mean and t-test showed significant differences on certain aspects of personality, general knowledge, and social behavior among the cadets when grouped according to course.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

High Stocking Density Culture of Milkfish, Chanos chanos, Forskal in Shallow Brackishwater Net Cages: A Feasibility Noel N. Lebrilla devgrusventek@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:31 – 4:50 p.m. Milkfish was reared in Enclaro Creek adjacent to finfish experimental cages of CHMSC, Binalbagan, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The project, demonstration for marginal livelihood, tested the feasibility of highdensity culture of milkfish (Chanos chanos) in shallow brackish water cages. Fingerlings with average weight of 8.5 g and average length of 7 cm were stocked into three net cages, each measured 3 m x 2.5 m x 2 m at 1,000 individuals per cage or 67 individuals per m3. At harvest, after 135 days, the fish, on average, reached 430 g in weight and 26.6 cm in length, yielding a 1,292kg biomass. Survival was 98.90% and feed conversion ratio was 2.22:1. From the total investment of Php34,640, the net income derived was Php120,400 and the ROI was 29%. Although the income from the project seemed attractive for sustenance livelihood, the adverse impacts to the integrity of culture environment should be considered with extreme caution – an overload of fish excreta and uneaten feeds from the projects may increase sediment loading, upset dissolved oxygen and other water parameters, disturb the integrity of aquatic flora and fauna in the area, and attract wanton entrants to cash in on what seemed to be lucrative small-scale enterprise.

Evaluating Institutional Capacity through Students’ Performance in the Maritime School Assessment Program (MSAP) 2011 Luis G. Evidente lgevidente@jblcf-bacolod.edu.ph John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. Shipping is a specialized and complex industry governed by national and international authorities. These authorities make sure that necessary knowledge and skills are learned prior to graduation through assessment programs. Combining characteristics of descriptive comparative and correlational methods, this study describes the performance of 308 BSMT 2 students and 251 BSME 2 students of JBLCF-Bacolod who took the MSAP 2011 which covered the areas of Mathematics, English, and Technical subjects while looking at variables such as courses taken and scores in the specific components. Data used in the analysis were taken from the MSAP 2011 results forwarded to different participating schools. Analysis of the scores obtained by both BSMT 2 and BSME 2 students revealed an average level of performance on English Vocabulary, Algebra and Geometry, and most Technical Subjects. A high level of performance on Conversion and Measurement was consistently observed in both groups. However, data revealed a low level of performance on English Usage for both courses, and on Seamanship for BSME 2 students. Further analysis of data for BSMT 2 revealed a moderate positive correlation in the results for English and Mathematics as well as in English and Technical Subjects. For BSMT 2 students, results in Mathematics and Technical Subjects are strongly, positively correlated. Performance in Mathematics was identified as the number one predictor of the students’ overall performance in the MSAP 2011. Furthermore, all components of the assessment were found to be significant predictors with scores on Conversion and Measurement standing out as the strongest predictor.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Blue Crab Fishery in Ilog-Hilabangan River Basin: Interactions Between Livelihood and Management Andrew D. Ordonio andrewordonio@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Institutional Research & Business and Management 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. The economically important blue crab fishery in Ilog-Hilabangan River Basin is in danger of collapse due to overexploitation. The overexploitation practices will endanger the livelihood, deplete the resources, and spark resource-use conflict in the future. Efforts to manage the blue crab fishery had been initiated by the provincial government of Negros Occidental. However, the fishers’ non-compliance undermines the effectiveness of the ordinance as management tool. Factors influencing non-compliance were: lack of knowledge; desire for higher income; absence of local ordinance; and limited livelihood opportunities. These non-compliance factors are brought largely by weak interactions and information linkage between the resource users and the change agents. The result of the study revealed that the blue crab fishers in Ilog-Hilabangan River Basin are potential resource management partners given an enabling environment to participate in the crab resource management program. In this paper, the livelihood dimensions of blue crab fishery and the non-compliance factors with the size limit, taking of berried crabs, and the use of fine-meshed nets were investigated to offer a suggestion for future blue crab management strategy at the local level.

Personality Domains and the Concepts of Homosexuality: Inputs for Future Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) Jestoni D. Maniago jdmaniago@yahoo.com Ramon Magsaysay Technological University, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. This descriptive correlational queer study analyzed the significant relationship between personality domains and concepts of homosexuality. The results undertaken hoped to contribute in the future revisions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health and Psychiatric Disorders. The subjects of the study consisted of fifty self- acclaimed homosexual college students from two state universities in the Philippines. An instrument was designed for the purpose of analyzing the significant relationship of personality domains and concepts of homosexuality. The researchers used the psychometric tool adapted from Google internet site to give instant percentile interpretation of the personality domains. Computation of mean and standard deviation, Chi- square, Pearson Product Moment of Correlation Coefficient and t- test were utilized to give statistical interpretation of the data. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference between person related factors and personality domains as perceived by the homosexual respondents. It was also revealed that there is no significant difference between person related factors and concepts of homosexuality as perceived by the respondents. However, it is found out that there is a significant relationship between personality domains and the concepts of homosexuality.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Acceptability of Homosexual Students in the Academic Community Frederick C. Aniga frederickaniga@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. In spite the visibility and excellence of the homosexuals in the different field, there is yet no definite answer whether or not they have already been accepted as members of the society. This study determined the level of acceptance of the members of the Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus community of the homosexuals studying in this institution in terms of their sexuality, community membership, and community contribution. The study utilized the descriptive method of research. A researcher-made questionnaire was used in gathering the data. The respondents of this study were the faculty, administrative staff and students of the campus with a total of 328 participants including 18 homosexuals. Random sampling was done in identifying the respondents while complete enumeration was made for the homosexual students. The following statistical tools were used: frequency count, percentages, and chi-square. The results showed the members of the SLSU – Tomas Oppus community are undecided as regards the acceptability of the homosexual students in terms of community membership and sexuality but find them acceptable in terms of community contributions. The homosexual students find the members of the SLSU – Tomas Oppus community undecided of their acceptability in terms of community membership and sexuality but they felt that they were being accepted in terms of their community contribution. In the context of acceptance in terms of community membership, the level of acceptance was significantly related to the educational level/attainment and civil status of the members of the SLSU – Tomas Oppus community. The study concludes that the members of the Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, which is an academic community, are undecided on the acceptability of the homosexual students with regard to their sexuality and community membership, but they accepted the homosexual students in terms of their community contribution.

Acceptability of the Inclusion of Sex Education in Basic Education of Selected Public Elementary Schools in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines Juanita B. Pascua juanita16_pascua@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This study determines the level of acceptability of the respondents on the inclusion of sex education in Basic Education of selected Public Elementary Schools of the Department of Education, Bayombong I, Division of Nueva Vizcaya. The study was limited to the acceptability of the inclusion of sex education in Basic Education. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis employed frequency counts and percentages. To determine the significant relationship and difference, inferential statistics specifically Pearson r and T-test comparison of means were used. The study found that the teachers and parents had accepted and showed approval to the inclusion of sex education in Basic Education. Younger teachers tend to have higher level of acceptance to sex education than the older teachers in the service. The issue on inclusion of sex education in the basic education among parents across ages was acceptable in a varied degree of acceptance. There was a perceived difference among the parent and teacher respondents as to the inclusion of sex education to Basic Education.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Academic Listening Among East Asian International Students in the University of Baguio, Northern Philippines Farland D. Valera masalikot@yahoo.com.ph University of Baguio, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. This research purported to look into the difficulties of East Asian students relating to academic listening. It aimed to identify the students’ academic listening difficulties, uncover the issues surrounding these difficulties, and forward possible steps that may be taken in order to address these difficulties. The research was conducted during the first quarter of 2009 and it involved a total of seven key informants: two Chinese and five Korean students enrolled in Philippine History classes. Employing the qualitative research design, it utilized group interview as the main data gathering method and the results were triangulated by way of descriptive documentary analysis and observation. Both East Asian nationalities reported listening difficulties and these are overwhelmingly attributed to their limited communication skills in English. However, it is surprising that they remain passive in finding ways to arrest the dilemma; silence is even preferred as a mode of reaction. Further investigation also yielded that the students had English classes in high school back home but the divergence comes in the usage of the language outside of school. The study revealed three main factors that intensified their listening difficulties: limited vocabulary, “newness and irrelevance” of the subject matter, and teachers’ status and English accent.

Storytelling as a Teaching Strategy for Elementary Anatomy and Physiology Topics in a Chosen Elementary School in Manila, Philippines Judilynn N. Solidum graloheus@yahoo.com University of the Philippines - Manila, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. Storytelling is a way of engaging young learners with varied topic discussions. Stories entertain and relax students, lower their anxiety and allow them to be participative. With such, concepts are better clarified which facilitates learning. The study aimed to prove that story telling facilitates learning for hard to understand subjects like anatomy and physiology in the elementary level. Specifically it aimed to determine if quiz scores will improve with the incorporation of storytelling and to obtain the views of students regarding its use in their classes. Using the pre-test, post-test experimental design and paired t-test for statistical analysis, this study showed that 245 grade six students of a chosen elementary school in Manila, Philippines showed a significant increase in post test scores after stories were told related to the concepts lectured. A mean of 82.86% from the student respondents indicated that the stories helped them understand the topics better. Story telling sessions allowed them to remember the details of the technical lecture. They were also entertained because they felt that the previously tackled topics are very much part of their daily lives. It is suggested that stories relevant to varied elementary topics across grade levels be used for better learning.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

The Bricolage Approach of Teaching in a Blended Learning Environment Betchie E. Aguinaldo betchie_aguinaldo@yahoo.com Isabela State University – San Mateo Campus Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The proliferation of technology in various areas in our society can be compare to flowing water that supplies energy to each part of its system. In the field of education, technology pours its strength not only to the process of teaching and learning but also to the continuous improvement of delivery of education. Unfortunately, not all academic institutions are enjoying the benefits provided by technological innovations in education. Various academic institutions have been suffering for several years since the advent of technological innovations in education. Numerous benefits are offered by technological innovation in education. However, poor academic institutions are far left behind in this educational innovation. The researcher aims to develop the Bricolage Approach of teaching in a blended learning environment to a university situated in a marginalized location with limited resources and no internet connection to sustain the implementation of customized blended learning environment tool (Aguinaldo, 2011). This study presented the development of Bricolage Approach of teaching using four types of ICT sustainability and the application of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) of Davis (1989) to gauge the students’ acceptability of the Bricolage Approach of Teaching in a blended learning environment using a customized blended learning environment tool. The findings of the study resulted to the increase of students’ knowledge in e-learning tool. Furthermore, result demonstrated concrete evidence of students’ favorable acceptability of Bricolage Approach of teaching in a blended learning environment using TAM’s factor perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), attitude towards usage (ATU) and behavior intention to use (BIU).

Study Skills as Predictor of Academic Performance of Senior High School Students Irene S. Linag flinag4292@yahoo.com La Consolacion University, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. A desirable set of study skills is a key ingredient to a successful academic performance. Where students are gauged performing below the international mean in standardized tests in Mathematics and Science, juxtaposed by regressing communication skills, a better yardstick to diagnose the root cause of the problem may come from within the learner. The study delved on the study skills of 145 graduating high school students correlated to their academic performance in the three disciplines. The study adopted an instrument that scaled the respondents’ personal perception of their study skills in terms of time management, using general references, locating and organizing information, using library resources, report preparation, and, awareness on study problems. Baseline data that pertained to the respondents’ category based on their performance in Asian Standards Based Assessment Test by APSA were likewise collected. The study found that four of a senior high school student’s honed study skills can largely predict his academic performance except for time management and report preparation. The study establishes that poor quality time allotted to studies and mediocrity in preparation of summaries and homework reports are possibilities that lead to misperception of good study skill. Recommendations and insights along this line were discussed.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Correlation of Board Examination Performance of Accountancy Students and their Grade Point Average in College Subjects Alicia S. Tuliao quilangpyrene@yahoo.com University of Saint Louis- Tuguegarao, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. The University of Saint Louis – Tuguegarao being the top three performing schools in Accountancy nationwide in the recent Accountancy board examination investigated what particular college sujects could strongly predict the sucess of a student in the Accountancy board examination. The study found out that there is a strong correlation of five subject areas in the board examination specifically theory of accounts (0.625), auditing theory (0.629), auditing problems (0.482), practical accounting 1 (0.571) and practical accounting 2 (0.586) with the grade point average of students in their accounting subjects in college.

Correlation of Board Examination Performance of Nursing Students and their Grade Point Average in College Subjects

George Vega quilangpyrene@yahoo.com University of Saint Louis- Tuguegarao, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. For the past years, the University of Saint Louis has always been included in the list of Top Performing Schools of Nursing in the Philippines for category of 30-99 examinees. With this performance in Nursing, this study investigates the correlation between the licensure examination scores of nursing students with their college subjects grade point average. The results revealed that there were strong correlation between the Subject 1(Nursing Practice 1) of the Board Examination With their grades in Maternal and Child Health Nursing between Nursing Practice 2 With Community Health Subject; Nursing Practice 3 With Nursing o Adolescents, Adults and Aged.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Correlation of Board Examination Performance of Electrical Engineering Students and their Grade Point Average in College Rosario G. Danga janrose03@yahoo.com University of Saint Louis- Tuguegarao, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. The Electrical Engineering board examination is designed to assess the competency of each graduate to practice electrical engineering in the Philippines. The purpose of this study was to correlate the grade point average in the different subjects in the undergraduate program and the board examination results to find out whether the subject grades is a factor of the ratings obtained by the student in the board examination. The study used documentary analysis employing correlational research. The subject grades of the 144 electrical engineering graduates of University of Saint Louis who took the board examinations from 2005 to 2009 were taken from the database CCIS of the University while the ratings in the board examination were taken from the records of the VP for Academics, released by the Professional Regulations Commission and were analysed through Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The study showed that the subject grades of students in their undergraduate program (Mathematics, Engineering Sciences and Allied Subjects and Electrical Engineering Professional Subjects) are correlated with their Board Examination ratings in the different areas. Moreover, Mathematics subjects such as Differential Calculus, Integral Calculus and Analytic Geometry emerged as the predictors of Subject 1 of the board examination; the predictors of success of Subject 2 of the board examination were EE Laws, Engineering Mechanics, Thermodynamics, and Computer Fundamentals; and three of the EE subjects appeared as the predictors of Subject 3 of the board examination, namely Power System 1, Electronics 1 and Control System. The result of the correlation signifies that students who are scholastically good and excel academically are those who successfully pass the board examination.

Status of Primary Education: A Case Study of the Dangs District in Gujarat Gaurang Rami grami@rediffmail.com Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Gujarat, India Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. Universal primary education is a constitutional directive. Article 45 of the Directive Principles of the constitution urges all state to provide “free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years‟ within a period of ten years from the commencement of the constitution. Right to education has been recognized as fundamental right in 83rd constitutional amendment, even then the goal of universal education for all has remained distant dream. The status of education is one of the key indicators of socio-economic development and employment opportunities largely depend on the level of education. In this paper, I have examined the status of primary education in the Dangs district of Gujarat state. The availability of basic necessary infrastructural facilities in the primary schools of the Dangs districts is not satisfactory. The process of education and development does not seem to have benefited the disadvantaged tribal groups in the Dangs district as much. Attempts have been made by the government and different voluntary agencies to promote education among tribal groups. The efforts to enhance the tribal education did not achieve its objectives because in many of the cases the educational needs and problems of the tribal communities are not properly identified.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Research Capability of the Selected and Private Higher Education Institutions in Cebu City: An Enhancement Program Bryant C. Acar bryantacar@gmail.com University of Southern Philippines Foundation, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Education and LGBT 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. The study ascertained the research capability of the selected public and private higher education institutions in Cebu City as basis for an enhancement program. The research operation profile survey of the selected public and private higher education institutions in Cebu City revealed significant findings on research operation. The existence of research office and policies implied that research serves as support function in higher education institutions and by intensifying research; it promotes systematic and creative work to increase stock knowledge and use of this knowledge. Same importance in boosting the researchers would be the provision of facilities and equipment in support of research function. Primary facilities provide better research sources and output, while incentives provide good attraction to undergo research. HEIs’ research activities obtained their funding from their institutional budgets; however, they generate other funding sources and linkages to external agencies to support research initiatives. Aggregate of faculty and student researchers were considered to be important resources in research undertaking. An often neglected, but equally important aspect of research is the dissemination and utilization of research results. Research team development, evaluation of research and dissemination of research were the most common management needs of research managers. Selected public and private HEIs were generally capable in their research functions and undertakings. However, there are critical points that need attention and improvements.

Community Drugstore (Botika ng Barangay): Its Contribution to Family Living Standards Mauro Allan P. Amparado mapamparado@yahoo.com University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. Botika ng Barangay (BnB) is a drug outlet managed by a legitimate community organization, non-government organizations and/or local government unit. It is a government-initiated poverty alleviation program to increase access of community people to affordable medicines. This study determined the contributions of the BnB in the improvement of family living standards in Cebu Province, Philippines. Specifically, it determined the clients’ level of acceptance, extent of utilization and level of satisfaction of the services availed from the BnB. It also gauged the contribution of the services of BnB in terms of health-related expenditures, savings, life expectancy and infant and child mortality rates. Results revealed that the level of acceptance was high. They utilized the products as the need arises. They were satisfied with the services in terms of product line. Heath-related expenditures for 3 months was PHP 84.97 based on actual BnB prices. Their mean saving was PHP 120.93. From 2005-2008, the mean life expectancy was age 62. The mean infant and child mortality rates was 1.9 and 1.0 respectively. Based on interviews, problems encountered with BnBs were availability of stocks, operating hours, and variety of medicines sold. The establishment of BnBs has contributed to the improvement of family living standards.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Correlative Diametry Adjustment Spheres of Filipino Post-Cerebrovascular Accident Patients MARIA NINA S. PERALTA - ARGALLON and Fred B. Ruiz ruiz_fb@yahoo.com Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This study aspires to qualitatively surface the essence of adjustment among the five (5) purposively selected key informants of a government-owned rehabilitation center in Marilao, Bulacan, Philippines. A qualitative phenomenological design of research was employed and aide memoire was developed to answer the central aim. Interview responses were recorded, transcribed and converted into field text. Coding of informants was done to preserve confidentiality. The transcriptions were further synthesized by the use of three— step thematic analysis. Four (4) themes emerged from the study. These are: (1.) Physical Adjustment – Dependence to Promote Independence; (2) Psychological Adjustment – Depression to Further Impression; (3) Social Adjustment – Detention to Strengthen Cohesion; and (4) (Spiritual Adjustment) – Conviction to Build Consecration, summarized in the Magnet Polarity Model.

Culture-Based Beliefs and Practices on Pregnancy and Childbirth among Sorsoguenos Magdalena M. Ocbian SSC_magz@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This is a descriptive study which analyses the culture-based beliefs and practices on pregnancy and childbirth in Sorsogon province through surveys and interviews and observation to 233 respondents chosen through purposive sampling. Beliefs were categorized as prescriptive, restrictive, predictive and taboos. A prescriptive belief says that food cravings of conceiving mother should be provided immediately for this may cause abortion or profuse salivation of the baby. Some prescriptive beliefs are: bathing the mother with warm water boiled with medicinal leaves and giving special soup with chicken and malunggay leaves for sufficient breastmilk. Conceiving women are restricted from wearing anything around their neck since it could cause the fetus’ umbilical cord to wrap around its neck. Likewise, elders could predict the sex of the baby through the appearance and attitude of the conceiving mother and the shape of her abdomen. Practices considered taboos are watching scary movies or gruesome images. Respondents also believe that watching eclipse by a pregnant woman could cause stillbirth. These beliefs and practices aim to serve as inputs for family members and medical practitioners to be considered in implementing maternal care and other health programs that would fit with the people’s existing beliefs and practices.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Prevalence of Ascariasis and the Factors Potentially Influencing its Transmission among Children in Iligan City Requel T. Legaspino msh_drlegaspino@yahoo.com.ph Mindanao Sanitarium and Hospital College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. The study was conducted in four locations of Iligan City in - coastal, poblacion (city proper), hillside and mountain areas. Anthropometric measurements such as body weight and height were done. Presence of helminth eggs was examined following standard parasitological examination. Survey questionaires were completed to determine factors contributing to the occurrence of infection. A total of 1,170 individual volunteers were gathered. Mountain villages revealed 69% infection rate followed by coastal villages with 28.3%, hillside villages with 26.03% and poblacion village with 16.7%. Multivariate analysis reveals that the pattern of Ascaris lumbricoides infection strongly influenced by several contributory factors. People sleeping in one room, absence toilet, source of water, presence of worms, playing in the soil, deworming drugs, gender, and type of toilet, presence of flies, number of people in household, herbal medicine, house pets, health condition, distance of house from the sea and eating of raw fish significantly contributed to the prevalence of A. lumbricoides infection. This study shows that the four sampling sites in Iligan city has provided favorable conditions for intestinal helminthiasis. Transmission of intestinal helminthes is linked to generally poor living conditions, poor public health services, poor sanitation and individual health behavior.

Diversity of Bats in the Vegetation Patches of Musuan, Bukidnon Philippines DAVE P. BUENAVISTA buenavistadave@yahoo.com Central Mindanao University, Philippines Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. Diversity assessment of bats in the vegetation patches of Musuan, Bukidnon was conducted in April, 2007 to December, 2008. Quarterly sampling was done using mist nettings in five vegetation patches: Mt. Musuan Lowland Forest, Faculty Hill forest strip, Watershed area (dipterocarp), Durian plantation (agroforest) and the CMU cemetery forest patch to provide information on bat species composition and richness. Seventeen species of bats were listed: 15 Megachiroptera and 2 Microchiroptera. Fifty percent of the samples, mostly found in Mt. Musuan were Philippine endemic. Diversity index was at fair level in 4 vegetation patches: The Mt. Musuan lowland forest and the durian plantation had the same values of H’=2.126 with 15 species each and means of 4 and 11 individuals respectively, the Faculty Hill (H’=1.577) with 6 species and mean of 1.8 individuals and Cemetery (H’=1.56) with 6 species and mean of 1.2. Diversity index was low at the Watershed area (H’=0.716) with 3 species only contrary to what was expected. The presence of small mammal traps and dislodged rocks in this area indicate hunting. This is confirmed in the Parker – Berger disturbance value of 65%for the said area. In addition the Bray-Curtis similarity index is low for the species composition of bats in these patches. Since this indicates uniqueness of each habitat, the present human activities that threaten and disturb these areas must be restricted if not totally prohibited. The remaining forest sustaining life of Musuan, Bukidnon in particular the Mt. Musuan Lowland Forest needs primary attention.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Prenatal Culture Care of Aetas in a Rural Community in Iloilo Kevin Jan Grey arginine07@gmail.com West Visayas State University, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. This study was conducted to determine the prenatal culture care of Aetas in a rural community in the central Philippine. Likewise, this study aimed to determine the Technological Factors, Religious and Philosophical Factors, Kinship and Social Factors, Cultural Values and Lifeways, Political and Legal, Economic, and Educational factors that may affect the prenatal culture care of the Aetas. This study is a qualitative study. It employed both a descriptive and ethnographical research design that combines both description and ethnography done through Ethnonursing method. The informants of this study are the Aeta women who have experienced pregnancy or pregnant during the time the study was conducted who gave oral testimonies on the prenatal care practices, and residents of a rural community. It was found out that Prenatal care of Aetas in central Philippines particularly in Iloilo is expressed through cultural beliefs and practices; through modification of traditional beliefs and practices; through acceptance of newly-introduced health care practices; through transmission of indigenous beliefs and practices; and through the various roles of the family and tribe members. These prenatal care beliefs and practices are affected by the technological, religious and philosophical, kinship and social, cultural values and lifeways, political and legal, economic and educational factors accessible to the community.

Plant Based Diet Lowers Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Prostate Cancer Requel T. Legaspino msh_drlegaspino@yahoo.com.ph Mindanao Sanitarium and Hospital College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. A 73 year old patient, male, residing in Iligan City, Philippines was diagnosed of Prostate Cancer (Adenocarcinoma Gleason 4 + 3 =7) associated with Chronic Prostatitis after a needle biopsy. Laboratory results showed his Tumor Markers –Prostate- Specific Antigen (PSA) was 24.21 ng/ml (Normal Value: 0.0-4.0 ng/ml) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) was 7.21 ng/ml (Normal Value: 0.0-3.4 ng/ml). The patient was managed by Alternative Therapeutic Management- a plant based diet composed of high fiber, raw and cooked vegetables with plenty of fruit juices excluded with flesh foods and anti-cancer medications. After a trial of ten days, the patient’s PSA went down to 5.29 ng/ml and his CEA to 2.21 ng/ml. The patient’s health improved.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Antimicrobial Activities of Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Pteridophyte) and Brachythecium buchananii (Bryophyte) Lourdes Andaya Angalao lourdes.angalao@gmail.com Kalinga Apayao State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. The plants used in the present study were identified namely; Azolla filiculoides Lam. and Brachythecium buchananii (Hook.) Jaeg. The plant species were properly identified and were subjected to the different tests to evaluate their biological activities. The ethanolic extracts taken from the plant specimens were screened for microbiological properties using the paper disc diffusion method. The test used the positive controls Ampicillin® capsule (for bacteria) and Tinactin® (for fungi). Sterile distilled water was used as a negative control. The findings were summarized in figure 10, a graph summarizing the Mean Zones of Inhibition of the different treatments against the Four Microbes. Results show that Azolla filiculoides is not effective against the bacterial organisms, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. However, Azolla is very active and partially active to the fungal organisms namely Fusarium oxysporum and Tricophyton mentagrophytes, respectively. Microbiological tests of Brachythecium buchananii revealed that the plant extract taken is an active agent against Fusarium oxysporum only. Unfortunately, it is not efficient against the other three microbes. Using Approximate Lethal Dose (ALD) by single dose method, the study found out that a dose of 160 mg/kg BW to test organisms brings about lethargy and death. Overall weakness was observed to experimental animals. The plant specimens were further screened for their pharmacological and toxicological activity, otherwise known as sensitivity tests to local and topical applications. To achieve this test, both Patch and Scratch Tests were employed. This study observed that for all the two plant specimens, there was a minimal observed erythema and edema of the test organisms. The primary irritation index ranges only from 0-1. This means that the test plants do not generally result to any irritation of the skin and even open wounds.

Characterization of Rice Root Nematodes Hirschmanniella oryzae and Hirschmanniella mucronata from Philippine Rice Ecosystem Maria Lima D. Pascual marialimapascual@yahoo.com.ph Cebu Technological University - Barili Campus Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. Rice root nematodes (Hirschmanniella spp.) are found prevalent and problematic on lowland rice growing areas. Detailed examination of the identity and variability of these nematodes has not been done in the Philippines despite its widespread occurrence in lowland rice ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to characterize different Hirschmanniella populations from lowland rice fields in Luzon, Philippines using morphology, morphometrics and molecular techniques. Root and soil samples collected from different lowland rice ecosystem yielded several populations of Hirschmanniella. The morphological and morphometric characters of the different populations revealed two species of Hirschmanniella: H. oryzae and H. mucronata. H. oryzae of the present study showed distinct similarities with previous descriptions in having tail with one ventral mucro and without sub-terminal notch; shorter stylet (16.5-17.3 µm); spermatheca filled with sperm and males common. H. mucronata was identified by having longer stylet (25.4 µm); c value of 21.8, areolated lateral field near the tail region, and longer body length (2.1 mm); the mucro is short and sometimes absent in juvenile specimens. Direct sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of D2D3, ITS1-5.8-ITS2, and SSU rDNA (18S) regions of the studied populations confirmed high similarity and close relationship to known H. oryzae and H. mucronata.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Vegetative Clonal Propagation of Tindalo [Afzella phomboidea (Blanco) Vidal] Edgar V. Benabise jtaylormargz@gmail.com Quirino State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:31 – 4:50 p.m. The effects of cutting positions and different IBA levels on the survival and rooting ability of Tindalo (Afzelia rhomboidea) were studied using non mist propagators. Cutting positions significantly affected by most parameters evaluated except the percent callused cuttings without developed roots. The highest percent survival (82.76%), percent rooting (83.66%), number (3.53 cm) and longest adventitious roots (5.58 cm) and shoots (2.04 cm) were exhibited by top most cuttings, while the lowest were observed from bottom cuttings. Top cuttings found comparable to middle cuttings. While, IBA levels significantly influenced the percent survival, percent rooting and the percent callused cuttings without roots but not affecting the number and length of adventitious roots and shoots. Stem cuttings treated with 1000 ppm IBA revealed the highest percent survival (80.05%) and percent rooting (81.61%) but found comparable to cuttings treated with 500 ppm. Interaction between cutting positions and IBA levels was significant on percent callused cuttings without developed roots. Findings showed that Tindalo can best propagated with cuttings taken from the top and middle of the stem using 500 ppm IBA treatment to effectively induce maximum rooting and survival, and to economically regenerate quality planting stocks of Tindalo making it available to the desired recipients.

Avifaunal Composition in the University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, North Cotabato Lothy F. Casim lothyfcasim@gmail.com University of Southern Mindanao, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. Several studies have been conducted to assess bird’s diversity in their natural habitats; however, minimal attention was directed to birds in man-made ecosystems. This study investigated avifaunal composition in the University of Southern Mindanao Campus, Kabacan, North Cotabato. Conservation and distribution status of birds were also determined. Point transects and bird watching method were employed to properly document birds species encountered within the three established routes in the campus. The results indicated that 34 species were present, belonging to 30 genera and 20 families. Of these 34 species, 3 are migratory (Ardeola speciosa, Tachycineta bicolor and Egretta garzetta) and 6 are Philippine endemic (Ixos phillipinus, Macronous striaticeps, Diceaum australe, Pycnonotus urostictus, Phapitreron amythestine and Centropus viridis). One species, Padda oryzivora, was listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List as vulnerable. These results suggest that University of Southern Mindanao is home to endemic and vulnerable species of birds for conservation. This study is the first report on birds’ composition in the area, thus, recommendations are given for monitoring avifaunal diversity and for limiting human disturbance in order to maintain this diversity.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Iloilo City: A Potential Convention Destination Ma. Rhona J. Pelasol rdo_stmtccmagdalo@yahoo.com St. Therese-MTC Colleges, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. This study was conducted to explore the potential of Iloilo City as a convention destination. Specifically, it tried to explore the potential of Iloilo City as a convention destination when it comes to land, air and water transportation, hotel facilities and provision of service in hotel accommodation, government support on tourist promotion, safety and security of the guest and the attractiveness of nearby tourist attractions. Using the qualitative research design, structured interview guide was used to obtain information from the respondents who were the event attendees and hotel employees in Iloilo city. One set of questions were asked to attendees and the other set of questions were asked to hotel employees. Textual analysis was used to analyze the findings of the study. Findings revealed that Iloilo City has a lot of potentials to be a convention destination. It also concluded that that Iloilo City is a great venue for convention. It has potential in terms of land, water, and air transportation. Iloilo City has a good airport, ports, and road. It has also potential in terms of hotel accommodation, specifically the facilities and service of hotel. In terms of service provider specifically hotel personnel and local people, Iloilo City have the potential. The guests were satisfied of the friendliness and hospitality of the Ilonggos. Iloilo City is a good convention destination in terms of safety and security of the guests. The guests also stated that they were also willing to recommend Iloilo City as a tourist and convention destination. Iloilo City has the potential be a convention destination when it comes to the support of local government. Recommendations were focused on the support of the government of Iloilo City to more infrastructure developments which is a primary consideration for tourism promotion.

Species Composition and Endemism of Birds in Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental Lothy F. Casim lothyfcasim@gmail.com University of Southern Mindanao, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Health Education, & Science and Clinical Laboratory 5:31 – 5:50 p.m. An inventory was made to document current status of birds in Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental. Transect walk and a visual encounter technique were done to list species of birds encountered within the three sampling stations. Birds’ sounds were also recorded and identification was done using field guides. Thirty six species of birds were recorded and identified under 25 genera and 16 families. Of these, 21 species are Philippine endemic of which 3 species are confined only to Mindanao island namely Phapitreron cinereiceps, Hypsipetes everetti and Rhipidura superciliaris. Two species recorded have threatened status as categorized by IUCN, the endangered Penelopides panini and the vulnerable Phapitreron cinereiceps. Results revealed that this study was able to list three species that were not recorded in the previous study conducted by Philippine Eagle Foundation namely Phapitreron cinereiceps, Halcyon chloris, and Rhipidura cyaniceps. Continued monitoring is necessary to fully document avifaunal diversity in Mt. Hamiguitan for protection and conservation.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

The Sex Attitudes of Junior and Senior Students of Villaba National High School Division of Leyte: Insights to Sex Education Instruction and Guidance Fructuoso C. Baliton totsbaliton_67@yahoo.com DepEd, Division of Leyte (Eastern Visayas), Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. This study was undertaken in order to come up with findings on sex attitudes of Junior and Senior students of Villaba National High School (VNHS), Division of Leyte. It was also its purpose that this study may be instrumental in the proper guidance of the said students particularly in the area of adolescent sexuality. The respondents of this study were the 73 boys and 99 girls with a total of 172 third year and fourth year students of VNHS during school year 2008 - 2009. Simple frequency counts were used to determine their attitudes toward the various aspects of sexual relationships which are courtship, going steady, dating, passionate kissing, necking, petting, pre-marital sex, free love or promiscuity, trial marriage or living-in, and extra-marital affairs. Average scores determined their attitudes toward the ten aspects of sexual relationships. In testing the null hypothesis which states that, “there is no significant difference between the attitudes of boys and girls on the ten aspects of sexual relationships,” the Z-test was used that tested at the significance level of 0.05. This research finally concluded that there are differences between the attitudes of boys and girls toward the following aspects of sexual relationships; courtship, petting, pre-marital sex, and trial marrigae or live-in. Z-test established a significant difference between the attitudes of boys and girls on the ten aspects of sexual relationships.

Metacognitive Strategies and Reading Comprehension among the High Reading Proficiency and Low Reading Proficiency College Students Adelfa C. Silor charm_adel@yahoo.com MSU - Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This study aimed to analyze the metacognitive strategies used by the high reading proficiency and low reading proficiency learners. It also looked into the relationship between metacognitive strategies and the results of reading comprehension test among the learners with high reading proficiency and low reading proficiency. Results showed that 1)the high reading proficiency (HRP) students utilized strategies like planning, monitoring and evaluating;2) Low reading proficiency (LRP) learners, on the other hand, utilized almost always only two strategies: monitoring and evaluating; and 3) the use of metacognitive learning strategies in reading comprehension has a highly significant effect on the learning process of the students based on their performance in the reading comprehension test. Thus, form the findings of the study it can be drawn that, there is a need for intensive teaching of metacognitive strategies for learners to successfully plan the way to approach a learning task, monitor comprehension, evaluate the progress towards the completion of a task, and revise their own thinking methods. This study takes the theory that metacognition has a critical role to play in successful learning; meaning, it is important that it be demonstrated by both pupils and mentors.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Integration of Kalinga Indigenous Law in the Implementation of Modern Criminal Law in Tabuk City James Sadagan Guidangen Kalinga Apayao State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. In all societies, it is common for people to look to shared substantive norms to resolve problems rather than to resort to legal norms, whether or not there is also a strong formal system of law. The operations of both formal and informal justice systems should ideally be complementary. In the mountains of Cordillera, the Kalinga “Bodong” institution governs the lives of the Kalinga ethno‐linguistic group. This paper determined the agreement on the integration of Kalinga indigenous laws in the implementation of modern criminal law in the City of Tabuk, Kalinga. The study was conducted among the Personnel of the Philippine National Police stationed in Tabuk City during the period 2011-2012. Descriptive Statistics were used to analyze the research data. Interviews were also conducted to validate the data collected. The study revealed that although the PNP Personnel strongly agree on the integration of Kalinga indigenous law in the implementation of modern criminal law in Tabuk City, there are still problems that must be resolved to attain full integration. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that some provisions should be amended in order to become relevant and complementary with the provisions of the laws of the land.

Urban Violence and the Question of Self Defense: The Case of Nigeria Francis Kayode Ashipaoloye ashiop@yahoo.com Lyceum of the Philippines University – Batangas, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. Outstanding among the social problems facing urban centers of the world today in general and Nigeria in particular, is the problem of crime. The increasing rate of crime and other criminal activities have become a major concern across the globe. All seem to live one day at a time. This research an inductive reasoning in which the researcher moved from particular to general. Content Analysis is used as the method of data analysis in this research. The method adopted was more of an exposition, content analysis, critical analysis and evaluation. More specifically, it gave a general background about violence, urban violence and the question of self defense. Furthermore, a philosophical answer was given in the light of the medieval thinker St. Thomas Aquinas. It was concluded that there is need for social living. A good citizen is one who has an unselfish love for the common good for the state; a love issuing forth in an efficacious desire to see that good is procured and furthered. Thus, a good citizen realizes that he is part of a social and political whole as such by his personal goodness, and the goodness of his actions contributes to the good of the whole.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Conditions of the Nearby Boarding Houses of Nueva Vizcaya State University: A Benchmark Study Joey M. Villanueva jmvtotskie@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. The school is deemed responsible in addressing the housing needs of students within or outside the campus for safety and security. The study was formulated with focus on the assessment of the boarding houses near the premises of Nueva Vizcaya State University (NVSU). One hundred twenty (120) student occupants from different boarding houses were given simple orientation on how to assess and fill out the instruments. The Likert scale with five counts, starting from “1-Poor” to “5-Excellent” was adopted to determine the assessment of the boarders to their respective boarding houses along the four areas namely Basic Amenities, Safety and Security, Special Services and Other Boarders’ Concerns. Descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, frequency tables, percentages, and mean were used to draw the sociodemographic profile of the respondents and the basic feature of boarding houses. The researchers were able to identify the characteristics of sound/good boarding houses and the characteristics of boarding houses that need improvement and close monitoring. Moreover, the researchers were able to map those boarding houses near the campus that have sound/good conditions and also those boarding houses that need improvement or monitoring to ensure safety of the student occupants.

Affection and Adequacy Levels of the Educational Facilities in Public Elementary Schools in Basilan Orlando L. Fajardo landofajardo@yahoo.com.ph Basilan State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The study is a descriptive analysis of the ‘Affective and Adequacy Levels of the Educational Facilities in Public Elementary Schools in Basilan’. The respondents of the study were the public elementary school teachers in Basilan Schools Division, ARMM. The study covered Nine (9) central, and Nine (9) non-central public elementary schools. A stratified random sampling was adopted in this study. A two - part survey questionnaire was used. One part of the instrument drew information about the demographic profile of the public elementary school teachers. Part two of the questionnaire determined the affection and adequacy levels of the educational facilities in Public Elementary Schools, as perceived by the public elementary schools teachers, in terms of: physical features, indoor environment, equipment and utilities, media and technology, and safety and security features. The findings revealed that the educational facilities in public elementary schools in the Basilan, moderately affect the instructional function of the teachers. The ‘Equipment and Utilities’ elements affect the instructional function of the teachers to the greatest extent. The Safety & Security Features affect the instructional function of the teachers to the least extent. As a whole, the educational facilities in public elementary schools in the Basilan were ‘Barely’ adequate.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Library Marketing : A Promotional Strategy Marilyn L. Laspiñas angelmars76@yahoo.com Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. The study determined library promotional strategies used by the MLIS students for 2nd semester 2008-2009. This study found out the professional practices of the MLIS students in promoting the library; the different library promotional strategies used by the MLIS students; and the impacts of the promotional strategies to the clientele. The study employed the qualitative approach. The documentary analysis was used to analyze the verbatim accounts of the promotional strategies used by the MLIS students. This method was designed to gather information about the existing promotional strategies with the primary purpose of describing the efficiency in providing quality services to the clientele. There are twenty MLIS students explore with three different types of libraries (school, academic, and special). The results showed that school libraries have monthly bulletin board display while the academic and special libraries have regular bulletin board display. On the other hand, school and academic libraries conduct regular library orientation and instructions, disseminates library guides and brochures, and provide a copy of newly acquired library collections to the faculty, department chairs, college deans, etc. However, the study found out the different library promotional strategies used by the MLIS students. These are bulletin board display; library guide; library brochures; library newsletter; library exhibit; book selection/book fair; library instruction and orientation; press release; library signages. Moreover, the impacts of the promotional strategies to the clientele, the study revealed that the awareness of the clientele of the available library services, facilities and equipment, and resources and informed the rules and regulations of the library; 95% of the students and faculty visits and research the library; the clientele is independent in using the library facilities and equipment, and in locating the books in the shelves.

Tri-Fold Instructional Model: A Technology – Based Strategy for Mastery Learning in General Psychology Vivien L. Chua babes_1902@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. The introduction of technology–based resources has opened the information gateway towards major advancements in the educational field. Each technology is likely to play a different role in students’ learning. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency level of the Tri-fold Instructional Model, utilizing the three key components: the CD-ROM “General Psychology” Module, as knowledge-based teaching-learning resource, cooperative e-learning strategy through the internet (on-line collaboration) and Small-Group Discussions (SGDs) to the 30 sophomore Information Technology (IT) class of Sorsogon State College, Magallanes Campus. The researchers made use of validation techniques and assessment of the acceptability level of the model utilizing descriptive, developmental and quasi-experimental method in a one-group pretest-posttest design. As an innovative instructional tool, the holistic systems approach in utilizing the Tri-fold Model was very much accepted and proven efficient in enhancing mastery learning of the students taking the course. The significant difference from the previously fair performance level in General Psychology during the pre-test, compared to the excellent performance level in their posttest scores revealed that the IT students found the intervention efficient in attaining the desired mastery learning of content and skills in General Psychology course. In conclusion, teaching, learning and technology therefore, work together for efficient knowledge transfer. The Tri-fold Instructional Model as a holistic systems approach is a key to effective instruction. Gauging the students’ learning styles, proper planning of the course content and effective use of technology tools are instruments to successful teaching and learning process.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Voters’ Participation to the Election Activities on October 29, 2007 in the Selected Urban Barangays in Ozamiz City Anna C. Bocar acb502011@yahoo.com La Salle University – Ozamiz, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The choice of the people for their representatives or leaders play significant role for the development, progress and general welfare of the people in a certain community. The selection of political leaders by people represents the very basis of democratic governance. Voting is a highly valued political activity. Political participation is an avenue for the people to have their representatives. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of interest of the electorate to participate in the election activities like to vote, attend political rallies of candidates to listen their platforms, plan to join groups working for orderly and clean elections, put up posters for politicians, actively campaign for a political candidate, watch the counting of votes as private citizen, watchers for a political candidate, be the member of the Board of Election Inspectors. The descriptive - co relational method was utilized in this study. Our study indicates that there is no significant relationships between the males’ and females’ level of participation to the election activities as determined by them.

Congruence of Human Core Faculties: A Phenomenological Inquiry on the Lived Philosophies of LGU Officials Alvin O. Cayogyog acayogyog@yahoo.com University of Mindanao, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. The sound interplay of the intellect and will is necessary in living a good and happy life. In attempt to validate this philosophical underpinning, this study explored the lived philosophies of LGU officials utilizing a qualitative method of research via triangulation technique. Their philosophies and experiences drawn through a focused group discussion were triangulated with the results of the interviews conducted with their barangay constituents. Results manifested that the dominant philosophies which ignited them to choose their career were service as life’s passion and service as life’s orientation. These philosophies were expressed in their public service done with love, dedication and commitment; spent untiringly and timelessly; afforded in a multi-sectoral and multidimensional way; and inspired by God as their driving force. These lived-philosophies were observed by their constituents through the following manifestations: sound relationship with Barangay residents, appropriate support services, effective management and efficient programs of activities. Hence, the study confirmed the congruence of the core faculties of the study participants through their lived philosophies as attested by their barangay constituents.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

CNU Graduates Competitiveness in the Workplace Helen B. Boholano hibihag08@gmail.com Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 4:51 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 5:10 p.m. The findings reveal that the Cebu Normal University graduates who specialized in English, Mathematics and Sciences are academically talented and motivated group with considerable aspirations to be the teaching model. The methodological approach was both quantitative and qualitative. Interviews were semi-structured and used a standard set of questions; however graduates were encouraged and motivated to share stories and explain how and why they had arrived at their conclusions and to describe any relevant experiences in the workplace. The study also reveals that these graduates are employed as teachers in both public and private institution. Many of them who are employed in the private schools wanted to transfer to the public schools for security of tenure reasons. The study also highlights that Science majors are the most employable graduates while Mathematics majors able to handle other learning areas such as Computer Education and Economics. Many Mathematics major graduates can diversify further through postgraduate studies, either into research universities or advanced courses in Mathematics in order to be promoted an also for professional and academic growth. As revealed in the study there three top priorities in the workplace for graduates, these includes: challenging/interesting work, a high salary and professional growth.

A Probe into the Philosophical Leadership Orientation of the College Students in the Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology (MinSCAT) Norma Q. Dimaunahan nyctarinia@yahoo.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 5:11 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 5:30 p.m. Student leadership is the training ground for future leaders of a nation and profiling their philosophical orientation gives a glimpse of how future leadership would steer a nation. Qualitative investigation of student leaders of MinSCAT showed that males outnumber the female student leaders. Most are Catholics, and are mostly coming from middle income classes. Regardless of demographic characteristics, students upheld the Principle of Naturalism which implies that priority is set on the needs of their fellow students. Implications of the demographic profiles and their philosophical affiliations are discussed, as well as suggestions on how to enhance leadership styles given their philosophical profile.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

High School Teenagers’ Linguistic Styles Used In Their Communication Cecilia D. Arong arongcecilia@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Social Science 5:31 – 5:50 p.m. Most teenagers nowadays value styles in speaking because they hero worship actors and actresses. Their languages were adopted from cellphones, internets, televisions, radios and face-to-face conversations with other influential teenagers using linguistics styles. This study determines the linguistic styles used by high school teenagers in their on-campus and off-campus oral and written communication in morphological transformation and in code switching utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods using simple stratified random sampling. Oral linguistic styles for morphological transformation in on-campus is phonological substitution and off-campus: orthographic reversal; for code switching in on- and off-campus was intrasentential; other linguistic styles were gay lingo and repeated words. Written linguistic styles for morphological transformation in on-campus and off-campus were: letters and numbers representing words; for code switching on-campus was intersentential while off-campus was letter and autograph activity. Other linguistic styles were gay lingo and repeated words in on-campus while letter and autograph activity for off-campus. Linguistic styles in on-campus and off-campus oral and written communication in morphological transformation and code switching do not differ significantly. Teachers should be aware of teenagers’ linguistic styles to avoid cheating during examination or to avoid cruelty to teachers they do not like. Similar research should be undertaken.

Organizational Assessment on Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council: Southern Leyte Case Melvih B. Evardo melvihevardo@yahoo.com Southwestern University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. The country is facing many disasters due to the global warming that we are experiencing right now. Thus, the Philippine Government had mandated the Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council in order to manage and empower the people with regards to disaster as well as proper training and information dissemination about disaster. This council is also responsible after the disaster took place in a certain place. The duty of the council is to prepare the people before the calamities and disaster will take its course. The information gathered from the Organizational Assessment on Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council enlightened us to many emerging problems that the council will have to answer and how far they have come with regards to their operation in the three municipalities in Southern Leyte as well as in the provincial setting. The respondents of the study were the members of the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. The Organizational Structure of the Disaster Risk Reduction Council is already mandated and it is clearly stated its purpose in addressing disaster before and after. The Council needs improvement with regards to their facilities have a better operation, conducts more training for disaster preparedness, and established a good communication pattern.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Climate Change Crises: Awareness and Management Preparedness of Selected Higher Education Institutions in Oriental Mindoro Wilma M. Ramirez mcblmores07@gmail.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. Awareness of school managers and faculty to certain issues related to climate change were documented. Awareness on the effects of climate change on social and biological systems, and the mitigation measures to lessen related impacts were rated. Readiness to manage probable impacts was measured with indicators on leadership, funding resources, and responses. Awareness was highest on the effect of climate change to food security, increase on the incidence of certain diseases, sea level rise. On biological systems, the increased probability of extinction of some species, and the significant role of the aquatic environment to the climate change issue were best known. Issues on the effect of climate change to crops and cropping patterns, and the effect of the melting of the ice caps and glaciers were less known issues. Planting of trees was the best known mitigation measure while advocating the use of environmental friendly products was not well known. Impacts of climate change maybe managed among higher education institutions with high trust levels of managers and faculty with each other, knowledge of institutional plans, and knowledge on resources. The absence of organized response team, as well as absence of support facilities such as internet and phone lines were rated as a possible hindrance to climate change impact management. There is need for an integrated climate change adaptation measures among HEIs of the province of Oriental Mindoro, development of linkages to affirm knowledge on the problem and to enhance HEIs’ capability to adapt, enhanced information dissemination, and the need to organize crisis response teams.

Empowering Coastal Communities Amidst Ecological Crisis: The SSC – Magallanes Experience

Vivien L. Chua babes_1902@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 1:41 – 2:00 p.m.

The Sorsogon State College (SSC), Magallanes Campus being certified as the Provincial Institute in Fisheries by the Commission on Higher Education RO-5 finds itself having a distinctive role in empowering coastal communities while fulfilling its mandates as the only fisheries education institution in the province of Sorsogon. The awareness of the municipal disaster situation has brought the local coastal communities to an alarming state since many aspects of their lives are affected and subject to change with the changing ecological environment. Utilizing the purposive sampling technique, a total of 57 respondents composed of the key informants in the coastal barangays, LGU line agency heads, and SSC faculty and student-extensionists served as the respondents of the study. The research component employed the descriptive –evaluative method with survey questionnaire, interview, documentary analysis and focused group discussion as instruments in data gathering. In addition, a retroactive analysis was also utilized in evaluating the risk scenarios and the underlying hazards faced by the rural communities in the municipality. The risk scenarios were best conducted using the event-tree methodology in which results clearly illustrated the sequence of outcomes of two dreadful disasters caused by flood and landslides in Magallanes in February 2008. The assessment of the pressures present in the municipality evidently reflected its vulnerability to hazards which critically examined the results in the disaster crunch model and the mapping technique. In addition, as mitigating measures, the established Hyogo-Framework of Action (HFA) had strengthened the capacities of the municipality to effectively structure its response and recovery mechanism in preparation for future disaster or crisis as reflected on the disaster risk reduction and management plan. The analysis of outcome of the causeeffect relationship between bio-geophysical forces and irresponsible human activities was complex bringing about major physical, economic and social consequences to the community.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Cage Culture of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) using Different Feeding Strategies Ramjie Y. Odin ryodin1286@yahoo.com Mindanao State University – Maguindanao Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. The study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using different feeding strategies in the cage culture of Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus). The effect of different feeding strategies on the growth performance, survival rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and a simple cost and return analysis of Nile tilapia after a four-month culture period were determined. The experimental treatments were: Treatment I – Daily Feeding; Treatment II – Alternate Day Feeding; Treatment III – Delayed Feeding and Control (No Feeding) and were replicated thrice. The fish were stocked in floating cages at a density of 80 pc/m3. The initial average body weights of the fish were 0.40, 0.38, 0.38 and 0.42 g for Treatments I, II, III and Control, respectively. There was no significant difference among the treatments in terms of initial weight. After 4 months of culture of Nile tilapia in floating cages, Treatment I (121.99 g) and Treatment II (110.69 g) gave the highest final average weight with no significant difference. On specific growth rate (SGR), Treatment I obtained 4.77% followed by Treatments II, III and Control with 4.75, 3.81 and 3.54%, respectively. The FCRs were significantly different among Treatment I (1.41), Treatment II (0.76) and Treatment III (1.82). Significant differences were observed among treatments on the simple cost and return analysis. It revealed higher income in Treatment II. For the quantity of feeds (kg) used per cage in this experiment, fish in Treatment I consumed 11.21 ± 0.73; Treatment II = 4.70 ± 0.47, Treatment III had 3.07 ± 0.92 and Treatment IV (control) = 0 since the fish were not fed. For fish yield (kg) per cage, Treatment 1 = 7.95 ± 0.22; Treatment II = 6.21 ± 0.73; Treatment III = 1.72 ± 0.62 and Treatment IV = 1.20 ± 0.21.

Opportunistic Sampling of Odonata Families from Pomelo Orchard, Rice fields and Riverbanks in Calinan District, Davao City Kristy Nakila & MERIANE F. PASCUA San Pedro College, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. The number and composition of Odonata individuals in three sites within Calinan District was determined within two samplings. Samples were taken from three sites; Pomelo orchard (12 hectares), Riverbanks (24 sq. m) and Rice fields (500 sq. m) using opportunistic sampling employing mainly sweep netting. Composition was based on morphological structures of the Odonata individuals with particular characteristics on wing venation, eye color and anal appendages. Findings of the study showed 61 Odonata individuals with 75% organization of damselflies and 25% for dragonflies. It is assumed that weather condition during sampling could have influenced capture rate and thus the reduced number of Odonata individuals especially that majority of the families of this Taxon appears to be immobile during rainy days. Taxon (families) richness appears to be low in Pomelo orchard and increasing in both rice fields and riverbanks. Although there appears to be no established pattern for Taxon (families) richness in the site sampled, the dependence of Odonata individuals in free flowing water could have attributed to reduced number of families documented. Community similarity index value of .07 between riverbanks and rice fields indicates dissimilarity of microhabitat during the first visit. The community similarity index value of .5 which is closer to 1 further revealed similarity of microhabitat during the second visit. Given the relatively low number of families documented on the sites, it is recommended that efforts to sample Odonata in similar

habitats must be augmented.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Leaf to Uplift Mindoro: Rehabilitation and Propagation of Nipa (nypa friticans wurmb) in Occidental Mindoro Leah V. Cadiao velorialeah@yahoo.com Occidental Mindoro State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 2:51 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3:10 p.m. Nypa fruticans wurmb commonly called nipa is the only palm considered as mangrove. It plays an important role in stabilizing river banks preventing soil erosion and producing various useful products. In Occidental Mindoro, this species is dwindling and might be considered endangered if not given utmost attention at this point in time. The location of the site was mapped out using GPS coordinates. The assessment of nipa was conducted along Amindan River, Bubog, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro with a plantable area of 7,800 sq m. Nipa species density shows 379 plants on the right side of the river bank and 414 plants on the left side. The seaward zone has the highest density of 770 plants/ha and middle ward zone of 630 plants/ha. The least dense is the landward zone of 247 plants/ha. A survey questionnaire and unstructured interview were administered and conducted respectively among 30 randomly selected stakeholders. Continuous consultation and partnership with the community and other stakeholders; provision of financial and technical support from collaborating agencies, nursery establishment and additional trainings and seminar to enhance the participation of the community are the most important strategies done in the implementation of the project.

Aspects of Population Dynamics of the Strawberry Conch (Strombus luhuanus, Linn.) from Spatial Data Katherine P. Sanchez-Escalona nyctarinia@yahoo.com Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 3:21 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3:40 p.m. Strawberry Conch is a highly priced gastropod sustaining economic need of small fishermen. Despite its importance, there is paucity of information to its ecology hampering conservation efforts. Spatial analysis showed a negative autocorrelation of the distribution of the species along a gradient of seagrass beds and sand patches. Independent analysis of each site showed that distribution is patchy on sandy areas and more clumped on seagrass beds. Analysis was done on morphometrics of individuals which showed that factors of aggregation include age, sex, and time of year. Implications of the distribution pattern are discussed.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Responses of InVitro Cultured Palm Oil Seedling Under Varying Saline Conditions to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density Pet Roey Pascual petroey262301@yahoo.com Cebu Technological Univerisity-Barili Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the responses of oil palms cultured in vitro under varying salinity levels (0, 85.5, 171.11, 342.21 and 684.43 mM NaCl) to elevated CO2 (1000 μmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (100±5 μmol m-2 s-1) in terms of growth characteristics, pigment contents and photosynthetic abilities. Generally at lower salinity levels (up to 171.11 mM NaCl) performances of oil palm seedlings were comparable to those untreated with NaCl. Also, net photosynthetic rate of oil palms was 5.33 times higher than those cultured under ambient CO2 (380±100 μmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (50±5 μmol m-2 s-1). With increased net photosynthetic rate, despite having no significant difference in pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid), dry weight and percent dry matter were 0.26 and 0.11 times higher, respectively, than those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. Moreover, stomatal conductance was 0.30 times lower than those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. With reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration rate was also reduced by 0.30 times. Thus with increased net photosynthetic rate and reduced transpiration rate, water use efficiency was increased by 7.22 times. These were considered essential for NaCl produces iso-osmotic stress.

College Students’ Individual and Group Mental Models of Electrostatic Force: A case study approach Larry D. Buban larrybuban@wvsu.edu.ph West Visayas State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. Research in mental models provides common ground for interdisciplinary research in science education and the many branches of cognitive science, with implications for scientific practice, instructional design, and connections between science and mathematics. The theory of mental model by Johnson-Laird will be used as a framework for the development of this qualitative study. The main purpose of the study was to examine college students’ individual and group mental models of Electrostatic Force and understand how these mental models evolved through instruction and group negotiation. Using a case study approach, this study utilized 6 case participants in a group of students enrolled in algebra based electromagnetism class. The primary data sources were video-taped interviews, focus group discussions, and indepth analysis of concept maps, drawings, and other student-generated outputs. Major finding of the study showed that majority of the constructed mental models of the students was anchored to the attraction – repulsion concept. Such mental model took center stage in understanding the concept of electrostatic force. The study also revealed that classroom instruction and group negotiation greatly impacted the development of college students’ mental models of Electrostatic Force. This study has made contribution to the knowledge of the evolution of mental models in understanding the concept of Electrostatic Force.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Worldview: Effects on Student Conceptual Understanding in Science Darryl Roy T. Montebon ryle_renz@yahoo.com Philippine Normal University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. Worldviews are sets of belief systems that a person holds as a result of his interaction with his environment. Each person has a worldview and it is assumed to serve as a guide in responding to various situations. Students have their own set of worldviews that influence how they respond to school challenges. This paper discusses the effect of worldview on student conceptual understanding in science. A process called Worldview Assimilation Method (WAM) was designed to investigate the said effect. In this method, students are allowed to assimilate their previously learned concepts, experiences, and personal beliefs on certain science concepts being discussed in the classroom. The hypothesis that students whose worldviews were taken into consideration in preparing classroom pedagogies (M= 102.81, SD = 16.919) will significantly have better conceptual understanding from those students who were not exposed (M=90.57, SD=20.15) was accepted. This research suggests that allowing students to assimilate their worldview in the classroom pedagogies will help in the realization of the school’s academic goals by producing students with well developed conceptual understanding. When students do so, they will be able to make better judgement and wise decisions in school and in life and perhaps effectively help in social transformation.

Development of Magallanes Tilapia (Tilapia mossambica) Tocino Project: Its Processing, Verification, Commercialization and Utilization Vivien L. Chua babes_1902@yahoo.com Sorsogon State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. The persistent demand for the tilapia supply in the market prompted this developmental study of introducing the Magallanes Tilapia Tocino product which offered many advantages to the resource poor farmers who could raise the technology for his family as well as to the entrepreneur who could produce it for profit. The said project was divided into four parts namely: Technology Generation, Technology Verification, Technology Adaptation and Technology Dissemination. Results showed that the development of the Magallanes Tilapia Tocino had generated an innovative technology by processing the locally grown freshwater Tilapias in pond and developed ingredients. A feasibility study through a business plan has proven the viability of the product, accepted by health- conscious individuals for family consumption and for commercialization purposes. It was found to be a good source of protein, vitamin C and iron with an extremely liked taste and odor. Shelf-life was recorded to last for six months once sealed and frozen in a polyethylene bag. A unique promotion and marketing strategy would help further strengthen the marketability and commercialization as well as utilization of the developed technology. The product was ecologically friendly since no waste was left behind. The viscera served as animal food, while the fins and scales were utilized as organic components.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Differential Characterization of Transmission of Communicable Diseases among Selected Poor and Non-Poor Communities Jezyl T. Cempron me_myself_jezyl@yahoo.com Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Ecology and Conservation; Health Education; & Science and Technology 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. Pneumonia and tuberculosis have been plaguing the populace of the world for centuries causing millions of deaths. According to Philippine Health Statistics-Department of Health (2011), pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTb) alarmingly remained to be the leading communicable respiratory diseases that caused deaths from 1977-2006 in the country. This study is primarily conducted to determine and compare the percentage of infected population, probable infection, recovery rate and mortality rate of the communicable diseases (PTb and pneumonia) between poor and non-poor communities, to find out the factors that significantly affects the transmission of communicable diseases, to determine the differentiating characteristics between poor and non-poor communities and to look into factors that can be manipulated/intervened (policy variables) to slow down the transmission rate. The proponent utilized descriptivecorrelational design with 200 respondents from 2 barangays (poor and non-poor). The researchers used a pilot-tested researcher-made questionnaire and survey form. Minitab version 13 statistical software was used in data processing. Percentages, Discriminant analysis and Two-way ANOVA were utilized in processing the data. Therefore it is concluded that in PTb, the percentage of infected population, recovery rate and the mortality rate differentiate the poor and non-poor communities but in pneumonia, it is only the percentage of infected population. Although the percentage of pneumonia infected population is significantly higher than PTb, the recovery rate is higher in patients with pneumonia living in non-poor community. However, there is higher mortality rate in pneumonia patients as compared in patients with PTB even without taking into consideration of their community types. In terms of health and waste disposal practices, they are both good and they can both access the health care services easily. Therefore it is concluded that the two communities do not significantly differ in terms of health practices, waste disposal practices and access to health care but the poor and non-poor differ in their financial capacity to prevent and manage diseases in their family members.

Outcomes – Based Evaluation of the Transformative Learning Design in Environmental Science Course in De La Salle Lipa Marisol A. Laguardia myra_laguardia@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. Environmental Science is one of the General Education subjects among college students that focuses on preservation and conservation of biological and physical aspects of the natural world by emphasizing problems and corresponding solutions. To understand these concepts and to demonstrate the Expected Lasallian Graduate Attributes (ELGAs) such as developing students to become critical thinkers, excellent communicators and socially responsible citizens transformative learning design was employed. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of employing the said design specifically, the attainment of ELGAs; compare ascertain difference in the level of attainment between two groups of respondents; and, correlate perceived level of attainment of ELGAs with their final course grade. This study used descriptive method of research with the aid of the questionnaire checklist and unstructured interview to assess students’ perception regarding the level of attainment of the three expected learning outcomes among two groups of students currently enrolled and the ones enrolled in Environmental Science last school year who were randomly chosen. Based on the results of this study, an action plan for 2012 – 2013 and guideline for transformative learning were proposed.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Sericulture: A Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Income Generation: The CHED DMMMSU Client Partnership Cristeta F. Gapuz cfgapuz@yahoo.com Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This paper analyzed sericulture as a tool for the socio-economic benefit of farmers and its role for climate change adaptation as a result of the implementation of the CHED funded project entitled, Silk Technology Promotion and Commercialization: CHED-DMMMSU Strategy for Employment Generation of DMMMSU Graduates and Others as Agribusiness Entrepreneurs and in Support to RA 9242. The study was conducted in Bacnotan, Balaoan and San Gabriel, La Union and used descriptive analysis. Case study results revealed that sericulture provided labor to young and old. Income from cocoon production from 2009 to 2011 amounted to P184,590 from 1,318.5 kg cocoons. For environmental sustainability, 3.3 has of unutilized and underutilized lands became productive by planting mulberry. The 44,050 mulberry trees planted in the different areas has a total CO2 sequestration of 173t/yr at 54t/ha/yr. Results indicate the good potential of sericulture for income generation and climate change adaptation.

Views on Water Resource Management: Prospects for Initiating Environmental Education among Educators at Private Universities in the Philippines Rolando A. Alimen ralimen@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. The study aimed at determining the views and prospects on Water Resource Management (WRM) leading towards environmental education among faculty members of private universities in the Philippines. Using quantitative and qualitative modes of data gathering, views, prospects, issues, problems, activities, and related experiences on Water Resource Management (WRM) leading towards environmental education among faculty members at Wesleyan University-Philippines, Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, Philippines and John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Iloilo City, Philippines were determined and captured. In determining these quantitative-qualitative data on Water Resource Management (WRM), data gathering instrument entitled “Views of Educators on Water Resource Management (WRM): Prospects for Initiating Environmental Education Rating Scale” was utilized by the researchers. Quantitative statistics were frequency count, percentage, and rank. Results revealed that the faculty members in the private universities here in the Philippines were not informed with this technical term “water resource management.” The respondents believe that water resource management (WRM) should be integrated in the teaching. Most of the respondents are capable of integrating WRM in their teaching. Prevalent issues on WRM as revealed by the respondents of this study were the following: (a) people lack the sense of accountability for every environmental water activity, (b) private water suppliers (water district) have no appropriate water control mechanism for environmental protection, (c) the academe and water industry sectors do not participate in the undertakings towards water quality issues, (d) the private water suppliers (water district) have no appropriate water control mechanism for environmental protection, and (e) the educators conducted few studies on water resource management.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Response to Global Environment Education for Disaster Risk Management: Disaster Preparedness of JBLFMU-Molo, Philippines Cicero D. Ortizo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. The study aimed to determine the disaster preparedness of maritime a university, specifically, John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo in the Philippines. This study used quantitative-qualitative modes of data collection. The study determined the different disaster practices, drills, and exercises at the maritime university in responding to Global Environmental Education for Disaster Risk Management. The participants of this study were faculty members and marine officers who had been on-board for quite number of years. Results revealed that majority of the respondents at maritime university preferred to join “Disaster Committee” as part of their social awareness and consciousness to the prevailing unbalance forces of nature. As a maritime university, the participants’ first priority is fire committee as compared to earthquake, flood, typhoon, fire, bomb threat, and tsunami committees. In this study, the researchers found out that JBLFMU-Molo conducted disaster drills to better prepare the students, faculty, and staff to different uncertainties brought about by natural calamities and fire. This illustrated that the maritime university focused only in combating fire perhaps because of the required STCW competency standard in dealing fire on-board. This ‘fire drill’ increased the participants’ awareness of their maritime profession, risk of life on-board, tanker operation-activities, and handling with chemical and toxic cargoes and substances. In response to the many challenges faced by many individuals, the maritime university (JBLFMU-Molo) tapped students from the NROTC and CWTS as volunteers for activities/approaches to lessen the hazards brought by “disaster of every life.” The volunteers were trained and educated on how to sense or predict the incoming disasters.

Solid Waste Management Practices in Vigan City, Ilocos Sur, Philippines Manuel A. Bajet Jr. manuelbajet@yahoo.com University of Northern Philippines Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. The study aimed to assess the implementation of Solid Waste Management Program of Vigan City Province of Ilocos, Philippines. Specifically, it focused on identifying its solid waste recovery facility, type of wastes and its practices segregation, collection, disposal and utilization of wastes. Solid waste management practices such as on segregation was religiously followed by all constituents however, hazardous waste were treated in accordance to existing laws of the DENR and DOH. Collected wastes were segregated at the recovery site. Utilization of wastes includes production of organic fertilizer from compostable wastes, collected plastic containers were processed into plastic tables/monoblocks, cellophane were used as a cotton substitute for pillows, used as material for making souvenir items while paper waste were converted into paper pulp which can use as cooking fuel. Scrap iron and metals collected were sold by and spent for the maintenance of the recovery facilities. Produce organic fertilizers were given for free to poor farmers and sold at a minimal amount to those who could afford to pay through the Department of Agriculture. Monoblocks were utilized at the Day Care Centers of the City. Collected plastics cellophane for pillows and for souvenir items were given to poor families as their livelihood project.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

A Study on the Disaster-Preparedness and Resiliency of the Top Twenty Corporations in Iloilo City Ronald Baynosa John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The study aims to assess the disaster preparedness of the top 20 corporations operating in Iloilo City and their corresponding resiliency level should a disaster occur. Specifically, the study aims to determine the disaster risk reduction and management plan of these corporations, level of resiliency to rebound from these disasters based upon the rate with which they recovered from the impact of Typhoon Frank of 2006 and produce a multiple hazard map overlaid with specific locations of these corporations. The study is descriptive. Top 20 corporations operating within Iloilo City, in terms of gross sales the previous year (2010) shall be the focus of the study. It shall be limited only to natural hazards which shall have a potentially disastrous impact specifically upon these corporations, and generally upon the communities and city as a whole. In compliance with the rules on confidentiality and as requested by these corporations, corporate names and personnel names including their position will not be divulged in the study nor in the presentation. The study is descriptive in nature and made use of questionnaires and in some instances, personal interviews for primary data. Disaster is a product of hazard, exposure to such hazard, and vulnerability, in terms of people and assets. The top 20 corporations have experienced already flooding due to typhoon Frank in June 2008. Considering the level of their preparedness the disaster risk for these corporations are high. Results revealed that the top ten corporations in Iloilo City are resilient, based on how the rate of the post-Typhoon Frank recovery rate. On earthquake and earthquake related hazards: most companies are highly vulnerable to ground-shaking, although no corporation will suffer a direct impact of a tsunami, most will be inundated, all companies are highly vulnerable to liquefaction, and capacity of such corporations to reduce or mitigate impact of such hazards is doubtful.

The 3Es (Energy Conservation , Efficiency and Effectiveness) of NComputing Device for Surigao del Sur State University – Tandag Campus Born Christian A. Isip bornisip@sdssu.edu.ph Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 3:21 – 3:40 p.m. Personal computers have now become so powerful that most people can’t possibly use all the processing power they purchase. NComputing desktop virtualization is a modern take on the time-honored concept where multiple users share the processing power of a single computer. The researcher is using SDSSU-Tandag Students as respondents from four(4) colleges in order to gather relevant data; the descriptive method is then appropriate. The researcher was able to obtain the advantages of both quantitative and qualitative approaches and overcome their limitations. NComputing for Surigao del Sur State University Main Campus, reduces upgrade and maintenance costs and, in fact, lowers long-term expenses. Energy conservation in the use of NComputing Device is very evident in the internet cafe considering the fact that the institution saves a lot in terms of energy cost. The main benefit of NComputing Device is that it is a cheaper alternative to the desktop computer, since modern computers are powerful enough to cater for more than one(1) user. Ncomputing taps into that performance power that would otherwise have remained idle.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Diversity of Mangroves in a Marine Protected Area in Calatagan, Batangas, Philippines Marisol A. Laguardia myra_laguardia@yahoo.com De La Salle Lipa Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 3:41 – 4:00 This descriptive study determines the distribution of mangrove species in a Marine Protected Area located at Quilitisan, Calatagan, Batangas. Two quadrats measuring 10m x 10m were laid along the low intertidal zone and mid- intertidal zones. Data on abundance, frequency and density parameters were gathered from these quadrats. There were 9 species of mangroves found in the area. These species include A. marina, A. corniculatum, R. stylosa R. mucronata, R. apiculata, S. alba, S. caseolaris, C. tagal and C. decandra. The family of mangrove that dominates Barangay 3 forest is avicenniae. The mangroves in the area have average GBH of 21.69 cm; average height of 3.89 m; average crown of 2. 16m; and average DBH of 6.90cm.

Disaster Programs in Iloilo Province towards Environmental Education and Disaster Risk Management Victor B. Jaleco John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 4:01 – 4:20 p.m. The study aimed to examine the disaster programs of the Province of Iloilo, Philippines. This study uses quantitative-qualitative modes of data collection. Respondents of the present study were officers, government employees, and key persons of disaster committee of the province. The study showcased the different programs, practices, achievements, developments, and collaborations of the Iloilo Province with other nongovernment agencies towards Environmental education for Disaster Risk Management. To further reinforce the data generated for the investigation, a document analysis of the data at the Disaster Coordinating Office, Iloilo Province. Furthermore, interview and focus-group-discussion (FGD) were utilized to highlight the research implications, findings, and outputs of the faculty members in relation to the global demands in maritime research capabilities and call for strategic collaborations.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Incidence and Complications of Dental Among the Intermediate Pupils in the Selected Elementary Schools in the First District of Ilocos Sur Mercita Queypo-Queddeng University of Northern Philippines Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 4:31 – 4:51 p.m. This study is conceptualized to determine the incidence and complications of dental caries among the intermediate pupils in the selected elementary schools in the first district of Ilocos Sur. The study included the three elementary schools. A total of 1080 are enrolled in the aforementioned elementary schools and a total of 350 respondents were taken. Total enumeration was used since the study is about incidence of dental caries. The descriptive survey was utilized in the study with the use of guided questionnaire. The study found out that most of the students were females with parents of family monthly income of Php.10,000 and below. Most of the pupils had their first eruption of teeth at age 6-8 months. Most of the pupils never used mouthwash nor dental floss and generally “never” visits the dentist every 6 months which is the standard duration of dental check-up. Nail biting has been practice by some of the pupils. Most of the students sometimes eat junk foods. In terms of incidence, an over-all 170 pupils among the 350 pupils included in the study had dental caries. The study concluded that a great number of pupils suffer from dental caries, and that poor dental hygiene was practiced among them.

Reproductive Health and Women’s Unmet Needs: Population Management in the Philippines Bernadette M. Gavino-Gumba bernsgumba@yahoo.com Ateneo de Naga University Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. A comprehensive policy on population management is long past due in the Philippines. First, such policy is an integral part of development for a poor and highly populated country like the Philippines. It responds to an unmet need of Filipino couples, especially women, for reproductive health services. A national policy on family planning must be examined not only in the context of economic development issues but also in its promotion of women’s welfare and empowerment, as well as its sensitivity to gender-specific concerns. This paper starts with a presentation of the current condition of poor families with focus on family size and how such variable is associated to household well-being, investment on human capital, and school attendance. Then it proceeds to the realities faced by poor Filipino women whose concerns are seldom surfaced in past debates on national population policy proposals. Such concerns include fertility rates, health and life risks, and family planning methods. In the later part, this paper forwards concrete recommendations on reproductive health services for Filipino women and couples. It reiterates the urgency of finalizing a national policy on population management after due consideration of the issues raised by major stakeholders like women’s groups and religious organizations.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Municipal Waste Administration Techno-Guide Amelia Girly L. Aranas Cebu Technological University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. The study determined the existing practices in disposing solid wastes generated in identified municipalities of Southern Leyte. The descriptive method of research was used in this study. It described the types and volumes of solid waste generated in identified municipalities of Southern Leyte as to their level of perception of solid waste management disposal, generation of waste, present practices and the problems encountered by the populace. Specifically, this study answered the queries on the types of solid waste generated from the areas of residential, commercial and agricultural areas; the extent of practices of waste implemented as to: collection, handling/transport and disposal; the degree of information and education campaign efforts of concerned agencies, and the problems encountered by the respondents in solid waste management. The following observations were generated. As to extent practices of waste implemented in collection, transporting, and disposal appropriate solid waste management practices were seldom observed. Information and education campaign efforts of concerned agencies were fairly aware. However, the existing solid wastes practices in identified municipalities of Southern Leyte were partially accepted by the constituents. Therefore, the local government units have to come up with more information campaign and proper practices in solid waste disposal system.

Indigenous Use, Phytochemical in Antimicrobial Study of Patani Leaves Mercita Queypo-Queddeng University of Northern Philippines Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Health Education 5:31 – 5:50 p.m. The plant materials were grown and gathered in Don Lorenzo Querubin, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur. Normally, the plants are cultivated for production since it’s used for the local popular dish called “pinakbet” and dinengdeng. However, the plant is also a threat to the goat raisers since it is believed to be toxic to the rudiment animals. This study is the first step in the conduct of the toxicologic testing of the leaves of the local patani (Phaseolus lunatus Linn) grown in the province of Ilocos Sur. Phytochemical analysis on the leaves was conducted at Saint Louis University, Baguio City on April, 11. Strongly positive constituents were noted in gums, mucilage, glycosides (Lead acetate test), carbohydrates, reducing sugars (Fehling’s test), tannin and derivatives in Millon’s tes. Weakly positive results were found in Fehling’s test (tannin and tannin derivatives, dragendorff’s and Mayer’s test (alkaloids). Keller-Killiani (fordeoxysugars), Wilstatter “cyaniding” (for y-benzopyrene) and Ferric chloride test (for polyphenolic test). The Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Method showed that the leaves extract had a moderate antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus epidermidis and negative against microsporum canis and candida albicans. The study recommends further studies about the effects of the leaves to laboratory testing of the isolated chemicals with an important emphasis of toxicology. With increased attention to alternatives to whole animal testing using important tools in toxicology which include in vivo and in vitro methods, analysis of structure-activity relationships, modeling and computational analysis thereby possibly identify the antidote since in the locale the immediate action to the affected goats is only through butchering.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

The Effectiveness of English Plus Program of Isabela State University- Cauayan Campus Rimalu B. Serrano Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 1:01 – 1:20 p.m. The study aimed to determine the English proficiency of the students before taking the English Plus Program, the students’ strengths and weaknesses in terms of the components of the examination and the English proficiency of the students after taking the English Plus Program. The study made use of the descriptive method of research. Specifically, it utilized the Regional English Proficiency to determine the English Proficiency of the respondents. The scores of the students from the Regional English Proficiency Test were gathered and analyzed. All the data went through analysis using frequency and percent distribution, mean and T- test. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results showed that majority of the respondents have low proficiency in English before taking the English Plus subject. English proficiency level of the students in terms of stress and intonation, verbal English and logical organization is low. In higher level skills like comprehension, correct usage and identifying errors, they had also low proficiency level except for the spelling and punctuation where they got an average score. Majority of the respondents have average proficiency level in English after taking up English Plus.

Development of Grades Inquiry Architecture for Surigao del Sur State University Esmael V. Maliberan malibs_28@yahoo.com Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 1:21 - 1:40 p.m. The study was conducted to develop student grades inquiry architecture for Surigao del Sur State University. The architecture through the development of a system will enable the students to inquire their grades via their mobile phone and the website of the university at a time convenient to them. This system was developed using the Rapid Application Development method as its archetype. This study determined that establishing a link of the locally hosted application program to the university record was made possible through replication of related tables lifted from the database structure of the existing university enrolment system and importing its filtered data to the application server without any alteration made. A query module can be integrated to a locally hosted application server by creating a script to fetch the request table found in the web server through its uniform resource locator. The application program interface (API) which sends and receives short message service (SMS) information was developed using a GSM modem and utilizing a third party component Kylix ActiveX 5.5 and coding scripts to communicate with the application server. Security of information sent and received through the develop application was attained through the enforcement of encryption, firewall, access restrictions and procedural security measures. The findings assert that the overall design and development of the system provides a secured, fast and efficient method of releasing of students grades at a time convenient to them.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Correlation of LET Performance and Employability of the Teacher Education Graduates Ma. Visitacion M. Menor siony.menor@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. The study sought to determine the employment status of the graduates of the Institute of Teacher Education of Isabela State University – Cauayan Campus. Data on the profile of the graduates, employment status and performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers were gathered. The graduates of the academic years 2001 – 2006 were chosen as respondents of the study. There were 170 respondents of the study, 99 respondents from the BSE program and 71 from the BEEd program. Analysis of data showed that 135 or 79.41% of the respondents are female, 137 or 80.59% were single, and 115 or 67.65% were residents of Cauayan City. Twenty-five or 32.89% BEEd graduates and 41 or 21.76% BSE graduates are LET passers. Most of the respondents are employed either in teaching or non-teaching related industry. The performance of BSE graduates in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) is significantly higher (41 or 21.76%) than the performance of BEEd graduates (25 or 32.89%). The findings also revealed that there was a higher probability of employability for the BSE graduates than the BEEd graduates. Lastly, the study found out that LET performance and employment status was significantly correlated.

Reticence and its Correlates in ESL Classroom Ermel M. Delima ermel.delima@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 2:11 – 2:30 p.m. Reticence is a behavior that occurs when people avoid communication with the belief that it is better to remain silent than to risk appearing foolish (Keaten & Kelly 2000). People who are considered as reticent often experience a “fear of the unknown” and become too nervous to utter a word, fearing that what they say is incorrect. Research has shown that shy students participate less frequently in class, are less likely to volunteer contributions, and give shorter and less elaborate answers to questions (Crozier 2003). Evans (1993) argued that reticence is possibly linked to the characteristics of the shy person’s home. The shyness among Filipino students could be attributed to a strict Filipino culture of not allowing younger members of the family to participate in adult discussion. Other factors which could result in a quiet child have been identified by Holbrook,(1987) but much of the researches on reticence were conducted either among students who speak English as a first language or among Chinese students in Asia, while not much had been done to determine the reasons of reticence among Filipino students. This paper explores on the different correlates of reticence among Filipino students in ESL classroom.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

Underscoring Motivation Towards Learner Engagement in Elementary Classrooms Precila C Delima precy.delima@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 2:31 – 2:50 p.m. This study assesses the impact of motivation in classroom management and learner’s engagement among Elementary pupils. The researchers used a separate questionnaire for teachers and pupils. Frequency and percentage were used to determine the impact of motivation in classroom management. The study revealed that the teacher respondents frequently use discussion method than the other methods such as project method, problem solving, demonstration method and lecture method. Elementary teachers inform the parents of the learner’s standing in class and the teachers admitted that they need the help of the parents in motivating their child. The teachers reported common indicators that a child needs motivation such as misbehavior, absenteeism, and not doing his best in school. The study further recommends that teachers need to motivate the learners so that they enhance their skills and talents better.

Revisiting the Remaining Practices and Traditions of the Itawis of Isabela, Philippines Hilda A. Manzolim Isabela State University-Echague Campus Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. The Itawis is one of the indigenous groups from Isabela, Philippines along with the Ybanags, Yogads, and Gaddangs. Isabela is about 455 kilometers north of Manila. The itawis and other minorities usually live along the Cagayan River (Rio Grande), away from urban centers in small settlements. In Cagayan Valley, there are two groups of Itawis, one is the Itawis group of Province of Cagayan and the other- from Echague, Isabela. This study determines what is left of the practices and traditions of the indigenous group “Itawis” of Echague, Isabela, Philippines. The researchers who are members of the minorities themselves gathered the data of the study through immersion with the living cultural masters (elders) and through participation in the rituals. Other data were gathered through interview with the remaining members of the minority group. The rituals were documented and the variations in the old and new practices were noted and explained by the elders. The findings showed that the Itawis women still observe practices in giving birth, in caring and feeding the baby such as “passa”, “tappe-tappet” “baraga”,” iyaw”, “alintugurayan”. The“botiso and lallay in baptism and the “intrega” and “pamonek “ in marriage were also some of the remaining rituals practiced by the Itawis.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

The Role of the Maritime Institutions on the Shortage of Officers Louella B. Bernas John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 3:21 – 3:40 p.m.

This study aimed to determine the role of the maritime institutions in the midst of the shortage of officers in the world manning industry. The quality of instruction and the competency of the professional instructors are seen as an important factor in producing quality graduates who will eventually become officers to man modern ships of today.

Human Settlements Along the River in a Central Philippines Island: Their Socio-Economic Conditions and Activities Carmen C. Menes ccmenes@gmail.com La Consolacion College – Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 3:41 – 4:00 p.m. Dearth of literature and studies on riverine communities in Negros Island motivated the researchers to conduct this study which looked into the social characteristics of the human settlements on both sides of the river, their economic activities and utilization of the river and its resources. The social and economic profile of the households within one kilometer radius from the midpoint of the river in each sampling station were looked into. The economic benefits derived from the utilization of the river was also established. Descriptive research design was used. Primary means of collecting data was a researcher made survey questionnaire. Responses in the Survey Questionnaire were verified through interview and focus group discussion. The sample size of 300 households was computed using Lynchâ€™s formula (Ardales, 2008). Respondents were equally distributed in the four sampling stations. Households closer to the river bank were purposely selected. An attrition rate of 7.67% was encountered during the conduct of the survey, thus only a total of 277 households were surveyed. The survey questionnaire was validated by a jury of experts using the guide set by Calmorin and Calmorin (2007, p. 51-53), Best and Kahn (2003, p.312). and Lawscheâ€™s Content Validity Ratio (Guion, n.d.). The validated survey questionnaire was pilot-tested for reliability among 30 residents of the neighboring Barangay Ubay in the Municipality of Pulupandan. Human settlements in four purposely chosen sections of Bago River were surveyed using questionnaires supplemented with focus group discussions (FGDs). Semi-permanent (45.49%) and lightly built houses (27.08%) are located in areas almost proximate to the easement. A notably high number of households utilize river water for domestic uses (53.07% for laundry; 49.46% for bathing). Almost 60% of the respondents do not have toilets and dispose their excreta in sugar cane plantation, corn and rice fields, river banks and in the river itself while their garbage are dumped in open areas. The high (2,200 - >16,000,000 MPN/100 ml) coliform readings in all stations can be attributed to use of the river as dumping site of human, animal and agricultural wastes. The coliform analysis showed that there were fecal contaminations of the river and therefore not safe for drinking. Generally, households use firewood for cooking and kerosene lamp for lighting facilities. Their domestic effluents flow into open pits causing soil pollution or directly into the river contributing to high coliform level. Residents€™ over-all awareness on the benefits they can get from the river is to a great extent. Household’s awareness on the effects of their livelihood activities as well as their day-to-day living activities is to a low extent. Over-all, the resident’s extent of awareness of the benefits from and influence to the river water system is moderate.

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World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 2 August 23, 2012

An Investigation of College Students’ Cognitive Performance in Trigonometry in a Problem-Based Learning Environment

Noel Ande D. Estimo naestimo@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 4:01 – 4:20 p.m.

This exploratory investigation was aimed to determine the level of conceptual understanding and solution strategies of 20 selected Nautical students in Trigonometry. Using qualitative techniques, it sought to reveal the students’ problem solving strategies and performance on selected topics in Trigonometry. Students’ answers to seat works and quizzes and their responses to the teaching interview were analyzed using the indicators in the combined Van Hiele-SOLO model. In the seat works, two reached the highest level of performance on right plane triangles, six on bearings and two on oblique plane triangles. In the quizzes, five attained the highest level performance on right plane triangles, four on bearings and one on oblique plane triangles. Moreover, results of the interviews revealed that 11 reached the highest level of performance on right plane triangles, six on bearings and eight on oblique plane triangles. The data also showed that students who belong to the lower and middle groups had difficulty solving problems that are more complex in nature. Evidences from this study showed the importance of maximizing the use of problem-solving as a strategy in the classroom and the need for Mathematics teachers to understand how their students think as well as to address the issue on reading comprehension when doing mathematical tasks. This study also foregrounds the need for Mathematics educators to look into models of mathematical performance such as the Van Hiele and SOLO models to assess the performance of their students.

The Philippine Strong Republic Nautical Highway: A Dream Realized? Marlon R. Teruňez John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 4:31 – 4:50 This qualitative research looked into the extent of success of the Philippine Strong Republic Nautical Highway, a government inter-modal transport system which aimed to boost the economic condition of the country. It also aimed to determine problems that hinder the total success of the project as viewed by the consumers, service providers and government implementing agencies. An in-depth interview as a qualitative tool was conducted among selected number of consumers, service providers and program implementers. Focus group discussion was also conducted. Findings of the study yielded five significant and major aspects that best describe the extent of success of the project. These include: cost of travel, capital gains, convenience, comfort and contentment. Common problems include: competition, coordination among implementing agencies and close supervision of government implementing agencies.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

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Day 2 August 23, 2012

Seafarers as Prostitutes: Myth or Reality? (A Study on Poaching of Officers in the Philippines) Melchor M. Magramo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 4:51 – 5:10 p.m. This descriptive-qualitative research looked into the reasons why a seafarer is likened to a prostitute and in what aspects they are alike. It also aimed to determine from the key informants the practices and or procedures employed by shipping and manning companies to fill in the much needed position on board that has become a scarcity in the last years. Likewise, it aimed to determine how these manning companies keep their present pool of officers in their rooster. What are the strategies employed by the different manning companies in keeping their officers and crew loyal to their respective companies?

Solid Waste Management: Compliance, Practices, Destination and Impact Among Merchant Vessels Docking in Iloilo Ports June Raymund Peter V. Flores John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Education, Social Science and Institutional Research 5:11 – 5:30 p.m. There are no or few existing studies on the solid waste management of ships in Fort San Pedro port (FSPP) and Dumangas port (DP), Iloilo, Philippines. Thus, this descriptive-survey determines the compliance and practices on the ship’s solid waste management, its impact to crew members on board the vessel and the fate of these solid wastes during docking. Nine ships served as samples, six of which are Ro-Ro from DP and three passenger-cargo vessels from FSPP. There were 141 crews were interviewd which comprise of six masters (four masters from DP and two from FSPP), three chief officers (two from DP and one from FSPP), 50 crew from Ro-Ro vessels at DP and 82 crew from passenger vessels in FSPP were interviewed on the impacts of solid waste management. The results showed a 100% compliance to solid waste management among vessels in both ports while in wastes practices’ on board, specific garbage bins were used by these vessels. Consequently, these vessels upon reaching the receiving port, relinquish their solid wastes to the “Golden Dragon” that collects solid wastes. The present study showed that vessels in both ports observe the Annex V of the MARPOL 73/78 and reveals an eco-friendly shipping.

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World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 3 August 24, 2012

Perceived and Actual Reading Proficiency of the Anglo-American Literature Students IRENE S. LINAG flinag4292@yahoo.com La Consolacion University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. The study posits that the declining performance in reading proficiency in English among young Filipino learners originates from the deteriorating habit of reading among them. Observations had it that in the last two decades Filipinos read less and less. Inspired by these ideas, this study probed the perceived reading skills of 123 Anglo-American Literature students that were described in terms of comprehension and locating information, and, vocabulary building and organizing ideas for report writing. A five-point perception scale was used to survey this set of information. Further, the respondents’ actual reading skills were measured using a reading proficiency test. The tool had six subtests that measure skills in getting the main idea, noting details, information organization, making inferences, evaluation, and, vocabulary building. The respondents’ perceived reading skills were then correlated to their actual reading skills. The study found that most of the reading skills the respondents acquired through years of schooling highly significantly influence their reading proficiency. The study holds steadfast that one best way to improve one’s reading proficiency is to cultivate among students a good habit of reading. The passion to read and to learn from reading should be placed in the core of studying the English language.

Performance Evaluation Schemes of Higher Education Faculty in Region 8: An Evaluation Francis Ann R. Sy farsybeauty@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University-Tomas Oppus Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. Academic institutionsevaluate regularly the performance of their faculty not only to make certain that students are getting excellent learning but also to meet the quality of education the school desires. Relative to the success of the evaluation process is the evaluation scheme itself. It was the purpose of this research to deal with sampling of evaluators; distribution of weights; person responsible to conduct the evaluation, and to determine the extent of faculty’s support to the items of the different schemes. The study utilized the meta-evaluation method and the focus group discussion, interviews and site visits to support the quantitative findings. Simple statistical tools were used in the study like the mean, and percentage. The results led to conclusion that the performance evaluation schemes have commonalities and differences unique to their respective institutional goals. Despite those differences, their evaluation schemes passed the criteria of Stufflebeam. Based on that theory, majority of the SUCs in Leyte Provinces fall short on the involvement of the faculty in the formulation of the scheme, thereby causing problems which the study finds solution to come up with valid and reliable prototype faculty evaluation tool.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

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Day 3 August 24, 2012

The Relationship between Religious Attitude and Music Instruction among Managers in Preschool Centers in Tehran Shirin Sadat Shafiee Mona Omidi mona_omidi62@yahoo.com Azad University of Rudehen, Iran Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between religious attitudes and music instructions among managers of preschool centers in Tehran. The population of the study is comprised of all the managers of the private preschool centers and Kindergartens in the western districts of Tehran Province in the educational year of 2010-2011 totally amounted to 284. Adopting Krejcie& Morgan’s (1970) sample size table, 88 managers were selected using simple random sampling method. The Cronbach’s Alpha as the index of reliability was calculated at 0.92 and 0.84 for religious attitude and music instruction questionnaires, respectively. The results of the study indicated that there is a positive relationship between Managers’ religious attitudes and music instruction. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between their educational level and music instruction. The null hypothesis to investigate the relationship between the variables of work experience and music instruction was not rejected.

Bane or Boon?: Learning and Teaching Style Mismatches in Biological Science Classrooms Prose Ivy G. Yepes pilg_yepes@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. A quantitative design of research was employed to investigate whether mismatches in the learning styles and teaching styles exist in the biological science classrooms of Southern Leyte State University. The study utilized Felder and Soloman’s (1994) Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS) which focused on four dimensions: active/reflective, sensing/intuitive, visual/verbal and sequential/global learning and teaching styles. Majority of the students manifested fairly well balanced (FWB) preference on four learning style dimensions; active/ reflective, sensing/intuitive, visual/verbal and sequential/global. However, most of the teachers were found to have fairly well balanced (FWB) preference on both active/reflective and sensing/intuitive teaching styles. Majority had moderate preference on one dimension (MPOD) on visual/verbal teaching style. As for sequential/global teaching style, half of the teachers manifested fairly well balanced (FWB) preference and the other half were found to have moderate preference on one dimension (MPOD). On the average, results showed that mismatches between the learning and teaching styles exist in the biological science classrooms of SLSU. Further, results revealed that the students’ achievement in biological science was significantly affected by the mismatches in the learning and teaching styles, which implied that mismatches in biological science classrooms have a significant bearing on the students’ below average performance.

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World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

Day 3 August 24, 2012

When Boys are Pushed-Pulled Out of School: Empirical Evidence from the Philippines Leodinito Y. Cañete Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 1:00 – 1:20 p.m.

There is a disturbing school-leaving pattern among poor boys. In other countries, this problem has been glossed over because boys outperform girls. However, literature points out that Filipino boys are being outperformed by girls for quite some time. Data from the 2008 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS) treated to common descriptive statistical analysis were used to determine the primary factors that push-pull boys away from schools; whether poor rather than non-poor boys have a preponderance for not attending school; and, how not attending school among boys impact on society. Lack of personal interest is clearly the predominant reason among the boys from the lowest 30% and the highest 70% income strata that independently or simultaneously push-pull them from school. Poor boys rather than non-poor boys frequently leave school in terms of magnitude and coverage of their reasons. Empirical evidence gathered point to different societal manifestations of shifting gender parity conditions that may impact on poor males.

Academic Dimensions of Student Performance Across Class Size Sonia A. Arenillo docson_minscat@yahoo.com.ph Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology – Calapan City Campus, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. The study attempted to determine the academic dimensions of the student performance across class size among sophomore college students in Mindoro State College of Agriculture and Technology-Calapan City Campus.Descriptive-comparative method of research was employed in the study. Record analysis was used to gather the academic performance in English, Filipino, Mathematics and Natural Science of the sixty-five subjects who belonged to small, average and large class sizes selected through stratified random sampling technique.Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean were utilized to describe the performance of the students in four disciplines. Results showed that students perform best in Filipino compared with their performances in English, Filipino, Mathematics and Natural Science across various class sizes.Using F-test analysis, the study found out that students who belonged to small class size differ significantly in their performance in English, Filipino and Natural Science. This result was similarly noted among students who belonged to both average and large class sizes. Further, results revealed that student groups differ significantly in their performance in four disciplines across class size.Generally, with these results, it can be inferred that class size has influenced differences in academic dimensions of student performance and production of their learning.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

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Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Inclusive Education in Public Elementary Schools in the Northern Part of Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines Juanita B. Pascua juanita16_pascua@yahoo.com Nueva Vizcaya State University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This study determines the teachers’ attitudes toward inclusive education of some selected public elementary schools of Nueva Vizcaya. The study used descriptive-correlational survey method of research. The study found out that the teachers have a high acceptance of the idea of inclusive education. The overall attitude of the teachers towards inclusive education was comparable regardless of age, class size and length of service. Teachers who were handling bigger class sizes possess more favorable attitude or they feel so fortunate to be a great help to the children with disabilities to feel important and accepted by their non – disabled peers. Teachers who were newer in service were more reluctant on of inclusive education probably because they have not been trained or have not acquired the variety and latitude of experiences that were vital in teaching children with disabilities as compared to their counterparts who have rendered more years of services in teaching special children. It was recommended that teachers who were handling bigger class sizes who possess more favorable attitude should provide insight to other teachers in developing more positive attitude towards inclusive education; and newer teachers with more in-service training.

Optimizing the Roles, Coordination, and Public Service Accountability Apparatus Retta Ida S. Siagian Loemongga04@yahoo.com Ministry of Public Works, Indonesia Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. Bureaucratic Reform by Optimizing the roles, coordination, accountability of officials in public service is to know how to overcome obstacles to achieve optimization in public service. The methodology used is qualitative approach and data collection incolved primary and secondary data, ie in-depth interviews, observations, see and record and documentation. Analysis was carried out with the identification, classification and interpretation. The results showed that the role constraints authorization from the government monopoly is reformed through the implementation of good governance by enhancing the role of private and community participation on a reciprocal basis with the government; in coordination, lack of cooperation as a team and a distortion of understanding became an opportunity to restructure and duties and functions improvement, and putting the right people at the right position.

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Readiness for Retirement: A Theory Development Approach Laurence L. Garcia laurencelgarcia@yahoo.com.ph Cebu Normal University, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that older workers are hanging on to their jobs longer and are struggling to find a new job. Today, more older workers are in the labor force (Weller, 2009). This study aims to discover the factors affecting an older person’s readiness for retirement considering the different aspects of human being: physical, social, emotional, financial, and spiritual. Inductive approach to theory development was used to create a theory to explain the occurrence of the phenomenon observed. A readiness for retirement test was used to determine their readiness to retire. Data were randomly collected from working older persons with ages 50 – 65. It was analyzed using cluster analysis, clustering the data into three aided by Minitab. Results revealed that older persons, ages 56 – 60, married, Roman Catholics, with white collar jobs, living with dependent child, average monthly income of Php 20, 001 – 30, 000, working for 26 – 30 years, going to church twice a week are more prepared for retirement. Readiness for retirement is dependent upon financial capacity, social support and preoccupation after retirement. Considering these factors before reaching retirement age will guide actions to make retirement decision easier.

Education Student’s Learning Level in Proving Geometrical Proposition Marvin S. Daguplo daguplosdv@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. This study measures the learning performance, learning level and learning difficulties in proving geometrical proposition of education students in Southern Leyte State Univeristy -Tomas Oppus. Descriptive analysis of the data gathered from education students enrolled in Geometry Class for S.Y. 2008-2009 disclosed that education students of Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus performed at “below average” level in proving geometrical proposition, a finding consistent with the findings of other researchers who conducted researchers on geometry. Furthermore, a unique part of this study is the result which shows the inconsistency of the student’s belief and actual performance in relation to Van Hiele’s Learning Level in Geometrical Proving. Students believed that they have reached the highest level of Van Hiele’s Learning Level in Geometrical Proving though their papers, after in-depth analysis, showed that they only stuck on the level of “Analysis”. Further investigation verified that there was no existing relationship between student’s performance and the difficulties that they met (Foundation in Geoemtry, Teacher’s Competence, Interest & Attitude, Topic, Doing Proving Activity, Reasoning Skill) identified through factor analysis. Concluding that students poorly performed proving geometrical propositions, it was recommended that proving should be an integral part in any classroom discussion to master it.

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Modular Instruction in Biology: It’s Effect on Students’ Performance Archel A. Badaure Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 3:11 – 3:30 p.m. This investigation ascertaines the effect of modular instruction on the performance in Biology of freshmen fishery students at the Carlos Hilado Memorial State College - College of Fisheries during the second semester, SY 2009-2010. Experimental research using the pre - test, post - test control group design was employed to achieve the objectives of the study. Participants were grouped into the experimental and the control groups. The experimental group was exposed to modular instruction while the control group was exposed to lecturediscussion approach. The pre-test performances of both experimental and control groups were fair. The posttest performance of the experimental group taught by modular instruction was superior while that of the control group taught by lecture-discussion was very good. A significant difference was noted between the pre - test of the modular and lecture-discussion groups in favor of the latter group. A significant difference was found between the post - test results of the control group in favor of the experimental group. Significant differences were noted between the pretest and posttest of the experimental and control groups hence, modular instruction was better than the lecture -discussion approach in effecting students’ performance in Biology.

The Relationship between the Professional Preparation and Performance of the Pre-School Teachers in the Public and Private Schools of Cebu City Glenn R. Andrin andrin_glenn@yahoo.com University of Cebu , Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. The study aimed to determine the relationship between the professional preparation and performance of the pre-school teachers in the public and private schools of Cebu City with the view of using the findings in designing a Pre-School Teaching Program. The descriptive-normative survey method was used with a performance rating sheet and a questionnaire as means to determine the professional preparation and performance. Statistical treatment were frequency counting, simple percentage, weighted mean, contingency coefficient with the use of the chi-square, coefficient of correlation r and the t-test of significance. Within the context of the findings, the researcher hereby concludes that the majority of the pre-school teachers from both public and private schools are females, most of whom are on the young and middle age group; majority are permanent in status and Civil Service eligible. The Pre-School teachers in the public and private schools are adequately prepared in the general education curriculum for teachers but are not majors in pre-school Education nor have adequate units. The Pre-School teachers in both group have inadequate pre-service, inservice and special trainings. The Pre-School teachers in the public schools have less adequate experience in the field of teaching pre-schoolers than the public pre-school teachers.

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Difficulties Encountered by Freshmen Maritime Students in Performing the Freestyle Stroke Jan Michael E. Enriquez jme_518@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Manila A Stream: Education & Social Science 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. The main purpose of this study was to determine the level of difficulty encountered by the freshmen maritime students of John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation - Bacolod in performing the freestyle stroke. Specifically, this study seeksto determine whether or not significant difference and relationship exist in the level of difficulties encountered by students when taken as a whole and in terms of the following skills: arms, legs, and head movements and when grouped according to: body mass index formal training, and swimming exposure. Findings of the study showed that when skills are taken altogether, the level of difficulties encountered by the students was “average.” When grouped and compared in terms of skills and aforementioned variables, results revealed that the students had an “average” level of difficulty. On the differences in the level of difficulties in terms of the skills when grouped according to body mass index, results disclosed that there is no significant difference. However, in terms of formal training and swimming exposures, significant difference is revealed. Finally, body weight and training background of students revealed to have no significant relationship with skills, while students’ extent of swimming exposure proves to have significant effect in their difficulties encountered.

Assessment on the Adoption of Locally Fabricated Band Saw for Furniture Works in Ilocos Sur, Philippines Manuel A. Bajet Jr. University of Northern Philippines, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. The province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines is currently leading as furniture maker in Northern Luzon. They are classified as micro and small furniture industry. Before, only few of them have complete equipment like commercial band saw which is very expensive. It costs from Php 100,000 to Php 150, 000 dependingon its size. Micro furniture makers sought assistance from metal craft experts for possible fabrication of locally made band saw. With similar function as of the existing commercial one. There were 48 micro furniture maker adopters since 2005. Common furniture produced by the adopters are chairs, gallenera, pillow rodes, doors, beds, dining tables, sala sets, cabinets and divider. Volume of production is based on market demand.Chairs had the highest. Cost of furniture production sold revealed by 75 percent of the adopters were at the range from Php 30,000 to Php 69, 999 and 25 percent of the adopters estimated cost amounting fromPhp 70, 000 to Php 100, 000 per month. Gross revenue generated disclosed that 41.67 percent of adopters were earning Php 50, 000 to Php 74, 999. Results showed that an ROI of 26.65 percent based from average monthly income and cost of production incurred by the adopters of locally fabricated band saw.

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Development and Validation of Pinoy Game- Based Activities in Teaching Work, Power and Energy LORELIE C. TABAGO lei_tabago@yahoo.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. The study addressed itself to the development and validation of pinoy-game based activities that can be used as instructional material to teach physics concepts. The research utilized the R&D methodology which included the validation of the activities and try-out where in the quasi-experiment following a one-shot-pretest-postest design was used. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation was used to analyze the ratings of physics teachers regarding the validity of the activities and the feedbacks checklist ratings of the students. The scores in the pre-test and post-test were compared and the significance of their difference was determined using the t-test. It was found out that the pinoy-game based activities were valid in terms of their instructional characteristics, objectives, content and evaluation. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the pre and post achievement scores of the students. The pinoy-game based activities really affirmed their worth and advantage as instructional material in teaching physics and in enhancing students’ achievement and interest towards the subject.

Face Recognition using Backpropagation Neural Networks and OpenCV

Romulo M. Estrera St. Catherine’s College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. This study tries to develop a face-recognition using neural network approach. Facial recognition has virtually many areas of application. Implementation uses the back-propagation neural network algorithm and backedup by OpenCV (open source library for computer vision). Such implementation is carefully integrated to work with the .Net framework using Visual C# and intended to be as accurate and even surpass industry standard benchmarks using other face-recognition algorithms.

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Rhetorical Devices and Imagery in Victor Hugo’s “Noli Dame De Paris” and Jose Rizal’s “Noli Me Tangere”: A Phenomenology of Confluence Kathlene B. Solon-Villaneza University of Southern Philippines Foundation, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. The study subjected to scrutiny the context of Rizal’s novel Noli Me Tangere(The Social Cancer/ The Lost Eden) and Hugo’s novel, Notre Dame de Paris (The Hunchback of Notre Dame) in the search for confluence through the two novels’ use of rhetorical devices and imagery. It utilized Kolb’s Experiential Method, Phenomenology, and Interdisciplinary Approach. Primarily, a connection between Hugo and Rizal is established since no studies relating the two writers existed. Gathered evidences proved the historical and biographical connections: the phenomenology of both writers’ existence in the same Romantic milieu, and of Rizal’s diary and bibliographic entries on Hugo. Thereafter, a focus on the two novels literary elements by character, setting, point of view, and conflict, as well as theme, confirmed textual confluence. Moreover, Hugolian symbols and rhetorical devices in Rizal’s Noli Me Tangereare conclusive in the establishment of confluence. Furthermore, evaluation of the Notre Dame de Paris as a historical novel, a poetic novel, a novel of ideas, and a dramatic novel are evident in Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere. Finally, a sharp phenomenology of confluence between Victor Hugo’s Notre Dame de Paris and Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangereis concluded. Further studies on the novel Noli Me Tangereis recommended to take into account the influence of Victor Hugo is recommended.

Determining Criteria in Evaluating Performance of the Office of Student Services (OSS) Units Lilibeth S. Tindugan rizza_mesorado@yahoo.com Southern Leyte State University – Tomas Oppus, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 1:00 – 1:20 p.m. The study determined the criteria to measure the performance of the nine units of the Office of Student Services (OSS) of SLSU-Tomas Oppus, on the basis of the clients’ opinions, thoughts, or judgment. Qualitative and quantitative procedures were employed. Researcher-made opinionnaire underwent pilot-testing before fielding to 199 students, 24 faculty, and 20 alumni. The opinions were transformed into a questionnaire and the respondents identify the criteria. Another questionnaire was derived where two pair system of modified Delphi Method of evaluation was utilized trading a criterion in a pair to test their stability. Significant trade-offs of criteria were observed in the Admission and Retention Unit and Food Services Unit. Criteria derived generally speak of convenience of procedures and schemes; benefits for students; attitude and expertise of personnel; availability of resources; quality of service and clean environment; functionality and security of building and facilities; prompt production and distribution of publication; organization officers’ character and know-how in managing responsibilities and accountabilities; and support for the development of the University. The criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of the nine units centered on the performance of the personnel and officers and the regard for the relational behavior in the discharge of their duties. Hence, the tool for the evaluation of OSS units is made on these bases.

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Potentials of Moringa Tea (Moringa oleifera) in Broiler Production Julie A. Manuel Quirino State College, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. The study evaluated the effects of varying concentration of Moringa Tea on the performance of broilers in terms of their growth response (weekly gain in weight, final weight, total gain in weight and growth rate), cumulative feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and dressing percentage; ascertain the most desirable concentration of Moringa tea that could best enhance the aforementioned performance parameters and determine the economic return in terms of net income (NI) and return on investment (ROI). Following the Complete Randomized Design (CRD), ninety six day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed to four (4) treatments with three (3) replications. Treatments used were as follows: T0 (Control) with vitamin - mineral in drinking water; T1: 25 grams of fresh moringa leaves per liter of water; T2: 50 grams of fresh moringa leaves per liter of water and T3: 75 grams of fresh moringa leaves per liter of water. Analysis of Variance (F-Test) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) were used for statistical analysis. The study revealed highly significant difference on the performance of broilers, i.e., in terms of their weekly gain in body weight (1st, 2nd and 3rd week), final weight, total gain in body weight, cumulative feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. Birds in Treatment Two also yielded the highest net income (NI) and return on investment (ROI).

Correlates of Problem Solving Performance in Prerequisites of Math Courses with Problem Solving Performance in Engineering Physics 1 Melanie D. Lugo melanierul@gmail.com De La Salle Lipa, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. Advanced Algebra, Plane and spherical Trigonometry are branches of mathematics which are the prerequisites in engineering physics 1. With this scenario, a study which aimed to identify the correlation that contribute to problem solving performance in prerequisites of math courses such as Advanced Algebra and Plane and Spherical Trigonometry with problem solving performance in engineering physics 1 of De La Salle Lipa during the AY 2011 – 2012. This study uses the descriptive research design anchored on the three groups of correlates that contributed to problem solving capabilities of students; personal, cognitive, and social factors. The math entrance examination result and Science aptitude test are found to be significant with the final course grade in engineering physics1. The final course grade in advanced algebra, plane and spherical trigonometry are also found significant with engineering physics 1. The levels of problem solving in engineering physics1 are found significant in advance algebra and plane spherical trigonometry. The personal and social factors have significant effect in the final course grade in engineering physics1. It also shows that the final course grade in advance algebra and plane spherical trigonometry have a significant effect with the final course grade in engineering physics1.

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Pedal Operated Coconut Grater Machine LEMUEL EPE Bohol Island State University Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. The purpose of this study was to design and assess the performance and acceptability level of the pedaloperated coconut grater machine. The study sought to establish answer to questions regarding aesthetics, structure, cost and efficiency. It also finds out if there is a significant difference in the performance of the conventional coconut grater and the newly-created machine terms of operation, speed, quality and safety. It also assessed the acceptability level of the new device in terms of safety, maintenance and handling. The researchers employed the experimental design to answer the research problems. The researchers formulated a self- made questionnaire to gather the necessary data. To ascertain the acceptability level, the researchers employed the weighted mean formula and the t-test for the comparison of the performance between the conventional coconut grater and the newly- designed machine. The findings of the study showed that the pedal-operated coconut grater machine is more convenient and much easier to use compared to the manuallyoperated coconut grater. It was also found out that the new device produced a finer product. The researchers concluded that the new device is useful for home and commercial use. Hence, the devise was recommended to be introduced to the market.

Seasonal Performance of Bivoltine Silkworm Hybrids in La Union Elizabeth H. Madrid Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. Adaptability of silkworm (Bombyxmori L) to environmental and rearing conditions varies with the area of production. Rearing technologies likewise vary to suit the requirements under different ecological conditions. More farmers are willing to conduct silkworm rearing and to sustain their interest, production stability should be ensured by the use of hybrids adaptable to local climatic and environmental conditions. The study aimed to compare the performance of silkworm hybrids DMMMSU 346 and DMMMSU 406 during wet and dry season under SRDI condition at different seri-sites of Bacnotan, La Union and to determine which of the hybrids are adaptable to different seasons of the year. Four boxes of silkworm were reared until the third instar in SRDI. Late age rearing was done in each site for 15 days duration until mounting/spinning. Cocoons were harvested after five days. Comparable results were obtained in terms of cocoon yield, cocoon shell percentage and denier across years and season in both hybrids, however, the cocoon yield was higher during cool dry season in year 2009. Performance of DMMMSU 346 and DMMMSU 406 were insignificant during wet season in the different seri-sites of Bacnotan La Union. This indicates that these hybrids are adaptable in La Union.

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Automatic Light Controller Chad Romorosa Bohol Island State University Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 2:51 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3:10 p.m. The thrust of this study was to design, assemble and assess the performance of the Automatic Light Controller. This was conducted at the Bohol Island State University-Main Campus, Tagbilaran City, in 2011. The study utilized the experimental design to test the cause-effect relationships between the variables. BISU-MC was chosen as the research environment because it has the available facilities in designing and assembling the device. The new device was presented to experts who are mechanical and electrical engineers in the university. The researchers used the random sampling formula to determine the number of respondents. Thirty randomly selected engineering students served as respondents. The researchers formulated a questionnaire in checklist form in order to gather pertinent data. Results showed that the device had a good performance and yielded high acceptability level in terms of convenience, functionality and safety. It was moderately- acceptable with regards cost. Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that the new device is highly functional and beneficial .It is hereby recommended that parallel studies be undertaken to further enhance the Automatic Light Controller.

Factors Affecting the Correlation of Mathematics Problem Solving Performance of Engineering Students in De La Salle Lipa in Advanced Algebra and Plane Spherical Trigonometry Melanie D. Lugo melanierul@gmail.com De La Salle Lipa, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 3:11 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 3:30 p.m. Mathematics plays a vital role in coping with continuous changes in society that shape the lives of men. As future citizens, college students need to acquire sufficient mathematical proficiency. Branches of mathematics such as Advanced Algebra (Advalge) and Plane and Spherical Trigonometry (Plastri) are being offered to all engineering students for the AY 2011-2012. It was anchored on three groups of correlates that contributed to problem solving capabilities of students; personal, cognitive, and social factors. The correlation analysis between the problem solving capabilities and the personal and cognitive were all found significant, while the Problem Solving skills and comprehension were also all found to be significant in final course grade in Advalge.The problem solving skills, language and peer interaction considered in the study have significant effect on the problem solving capabilities of the students in Advalge. The relationship between the cognitive factors and the problem solving capabilities was also found to be positive, while the relationship between personal and cognitive factor such as language and conceptual skills were all found significant in final course grade in Plastri. Theproblem solving attitude, study skills and peer interaction have significant effect on the problem solving capabilities of the students in Plastri.

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Online Video Tutorial for Algebra and Logic Circuits and Switching Theory Edward Anuta Bohol Island State University Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. This study aimed to design an Online Video Tutorial for Algebra, Logic and Switching Theory conducted at Bohol Island State University, Main Campus in 2011. It sought to determine the features of online video tutorial, level performance, acceptability level and difference in students’ performance exposed to online video tutorial and in lecture method only. The first year and second year Computer Engineering students were divided into two groups. One group was exposed to online video-tutorial as experimental group and the other to lecture as the control group. Pre-tests and post tests were administered to gather the perceptions of the learners. The weighted mean was used to determine the level of performance and acceptability level of the online video tutorial. The z-test was used to establish the significant difference of the scores of the control and experimental group. Results showed that online video tutorial had a significant impact on students’ performance. Hence, it is recommended that instructors should incorporate online video tutorial in teaching Algebra, Logic Circuits and Switching Theory. For further innovation, the site must be upgraded with more relevant topics related to computer technology and other related subjects/courses.

Significance and Design of an Audio Visual Room for the Teacher Education Program Ermel M. Delima ermel.delima@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. Modern instructional technologies had been proven an effective tool in teaching and learning. Reindhart (1995) in his conclusion of 113 studies revealed that educational technology has clearly boosted student achievement, improved attitudes and self-concept, and enhanced quality student-teacher relationship; and minimize intimidation frustration and other behavioral problems among students (Mosbacker, 1996). In 1996, Solomon had already reported that technologies networking, multimedia and mobility have spelled the very big difference between the traditional and innovational education perspective. Ironically, the importance of technologies and multimedia in the teacher education program seems a very strange idea. Isabela State University- Cauayan campus is one of the nine satellite campuses considered as the most progressive due to its strategic location, and yet the use of technology in teaching is not fully realized specifically the establishment of an Audio- Visual Room (AVR). The paper attempted to propose a realistic design of an Audio- Visual Room (AVR) for the teacher education program through installation and utilization of currently- owned equipment and facilities. The paper outlined various researches that highlight the significant impact of the project in training a future educator that will serve as a direction for planners in using the technologies in enhancing the teaching- learning process.

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Comparative Study on the Sensory Characteristics of Sea Cucumber Sauce and Street Food Sauce in Digos City, Davao Del Sur MILAGROSC. SUBALDO Southern Philippines Agribusiness and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Philippines Venue: Manila B Stream: Information Technology; Engineering and Technology; & Mathematics 4:11 – 4:30 p.m. Comparative study on the sensory characteristics of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce in Digos City, Davao del Sur was conducted to determine the demographic profile street food vendors, to know the different ingredients used in street food sauce and assess the sensory characteristics of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauces. The study was conducted last December 2011 to 20 ambulant vendors. Data were gathered using prepared survey questionnaire using Likert scale. Analysis of data was done using frequency counts and t – test to test the significant difference on the sensory characteristics of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce. Results of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were female (60%) , at the age range of 36-40 years old ( 30%) and Cebuano ( 80%) as their ethnicity group and 55% of the respondents attained secondary level of education. Most (45%) of the respondents were engaged into street food vending for 2-5 year. Source of technology of skills used in street food vending from personal learning. Common ingredients used for street food sauce includes vinegar and spices, flour and catsup mixture. Data further revealed that street food vendors were using a minimum of two (2) kind of sauces suited to customers taste. Sensory characteristics of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce revealed that majority of the street food vendors rated at the scale of 4-5 which means more acceptable to most acceptable both for sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce in terms of palatability, texture, color and odor of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce. Further, t-test results disclosed no significant difference on the sensory characteristics of sea cucumber sauce and street food sauce. Thus, it sea cucumber sauce can be utilized or can be a substitute to the existing street food sauces.

Innovation on Transporting Milkfish Fingerlings for Stocking in Marine Cages: Knowledge Complementation through Partnership Imee R. Perante imeerperante@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. Collaboration occurred when the dance partners sought mutually decided solutions based on pooling information, knocking heads, constructing alternatives, and forging an agreement. Central to the partnership of CHMSC and REPROTECH, Inc. is the promotion of responsible milkfish production in marine cages. Both institutions knocked heads to develop innovative protocols on transporting milkfish fingerlings for stocking in modular marine cages in order to reduce transport-related mortality that largely attributed to production loss. The full use of the innovation – a “lancha” type flat boat started March 2008. Primarily, the boat design helped stabilize the stress-response tendency of the fingerlings to the following changing water parameters while on transport. The innovation greatly reduces fingerlings mortality and allows the company to maximize profit by reducing a lot of inputs during the long transport process of the fingerlings from the nursery pond to the marine cages. The company crews “strongly agreed” in all statements regarding the perceived attributes of the innovation The most important element common to partners for succeeding in coming up with an innovative protocol is knowledge and expertise exchange and complementation. The strong linkage between partners allowed knowledge and expertise exchange – thus knowledge and expertise when pooled together could produce valuable outcome.

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Fish Pen Farming in Himamaylan City, Negros Occidental, Philippines: Issues, Resolutions, and Policy Brief Mario N. Abeto Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. The issues confronting the sustainability of the common property river resources in Himamaylan City brought about by the overcrowded fish pens were studied and analyzed. The issues and conflicts stemming from the impacts of human activities in the rivers of Himamaylan City were diverse and brought about by the activities of those who are directly exploiting the resources and those who bring additional pressure to the river. The numerous issues were classified under five main groups: institutional (absence of clear-cut river management policies); socio-economics (hesitant to tap experts’ intervention, overcapitalization fish pen); environmental (overloading of fecal wastes and uneaten feeds); and technical (stocking density and knowledge in fish biology and farming). Socio-economic issues affecting the fishers were the reduction in fishing areas and obstruction of navigational lanes. Deterioration of water quality was attributed to irresponsible practices such as the excessive feeding and high level of fecal wastes. For the study of issues and conflict to have any lasting impact on managing the resources and improving the sustainability of livelihoods, a policy is recommended to monitor impact of agriculture to the river ecosystem; dismantling of illegal pen structures; training on sustainable aquaculture; effective law enforcement; training on alternative livelihood among others.

Women Seafarers: Solution to Shortage of Officers? Geneva M. Eler John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. This study aimes to determine the participation of women in the seafaring profession. It also looked into the hiring practices of the different manning and shipping companies in the country. It also tackled the hindrances or obstacles a woman seafarer faces in a male dominated world like seafaring. This qualitative research utilized the interview approach in data-gathering and the focused group discussion (FGD) among the crew managers, and an in-depth interview with four women seafarer participants. This study validated the study that was conducted by Belcher, (et. al.,2003) that only 1-2 percent of the world seafarers today are women. It was found out that only very few shipping and manning companies accommodate women seafarers in their companies. As a matter of practice, Japanese vessels do not to hire women seafarers. Women seafarers are only found on European owned vessels.

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The Manning Companies in the Philippines Amidst the Global Financial Crisis Teresita A. Paragon John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 11:21 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 11:40 p.m. This qualitative research looked into the effects of the global financial crisis to the shipping and manning industry in the Philippines. It utilized the focus group discussions and the in-depth interview of the company representatives of the shipping companies and crewing managers of the different manning companies in the Philippines. Findings of the study revealed that the bulk carriers, container vessels, car carriers and cruise vessels are the type of vessels directly affected while tankers (crude, gas, chemical) are slightly affected. It was found out that the shipping companies with long-term contracts with their charter parties are not affected by the global financial crisis. On the other hand, those players with no long-term contracts are greatly affected. The situation also somehow eased the global shortage of competent officers in the manning industry.

The Entrepreneurial University: Building Block to the Innovation Economy Victorina H. Zosa victorinazosa@yahoo.com Lyceum of the Philippines University - Intramuros Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 1:00 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1:20 p.m. The entrepreneurial university addresses the fourth function of higher education, which is knowledge production and commercialization. While majority of Philippine higher education institutions focus on the tri-functions of teaching, research and extension, there is a growing number which incorporates a fourth function, viz., enterprise development. This paper first looks at the temporal and cross-country cases of entrepreneurial universities, citing their best practices. Using stylized data, the importance of entrepreneurial universities in spurring the growth of the knowledge and innovation economy is drawn, with special attention given to the drafting of a National Innovation Strategy.

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A Noble Profession called Seafaring: The Making of an Officer Lorna D. Gellada John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This study aims to determine the perceptions of the managers in the shipping and manning companies in the Philippines and the seafarers regarding the nobility of the seafaring profession in the light of the shortage of competent officers. It utilized the interview approach in gathering data. It was found out that in other countries especially in OECD or highly industrialized countries, the youth today are no longer interested in the seafaring profession. Working on board ships is becoming less attractive for students coming out of the schools and colleges. In the past, seafarers were paid better than their peers on shore, and they had the opportunity to travel across the world. In the Philippines, it is still preferred by some students whose fathers or relatives are seafarers. They have seen that the profession is financially rewarding and it is perhaps the best, if not the only way to improve their quality of life. This study also looks into the perceptions and opinions of the practitioners, the master mariners themselves who once also struggled in order to realize their dreams and aspirations in life. Most of the officers interviewed believed that it takes determination and focus in the job in order to be successful. Thus, students aspiring to become officers and ultimately captains or master mariners must study hard, persevere and be disciplined to overcome any problem along the way.

Food Quality and Safety Programs of the Fish Processing Plants in Negros Occidental: Basis for HACCP Accreditation Daisy G. Cari-an cariandaisy@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point has been proven as the most effective system instituting food safety including fish. In this regard, surveys in the fish processing plants in Negros Occidental were conducted to determine the status of their Food Quality and Safety Programs which are the pre-requisites of the HACCP. The programs investigated were the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and the Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP). There were four fish processing plants evaluated namely: Victorias Foods Corporation, the Oceanlight Incorporated, the RL Seafoods Corporation and Sofia’s Fish Processing Plant. The socio-demographic profiles of the fish processing plants were evaluated in terms of length of operation, monthly income, market destinations, product forms and problems met. The results showed that Oceanlight Incorporated existed for 23 years and had higher monthly income based on production. All the exporting fish processing plants sold their finished products to the local markets and exported to other Asian and Western countries. The processed products which comprised 75% were in frozen forms. Insufficient raw materials were the main problem met by all fish processing plants. The Good Manufacturing Practices and the Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures of the four fish processing plants in Negros Occidental were very satisfactory. Analysis of Variance showed that the Good Manufacturing Practices and the Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures of all the fish processing plants were not significantly different (p>0.05). The results of this study would serve as basis for the fish processing plants in the Accreditation of their Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Programs.

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Seafarers Shortage: Viewpoints from Stakeholders Geneva M. Eler John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 2:01 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:20 p.m. This qualitative research looks into the views and opinions of the different stakeholders in the shipping/ manning on the shortage of qualified and competent officers to handle modern ships of today. This shortage poses the biggest challenge shipping companies are currently facing. An in-depth interview of the participants was utilized in the data gathering for this study. It also looked into what maritime schools can do to help solve this problem. Findings showed that there are many sectors involved and have contributed to the present shortage of officers, namely: the shipping companies, the manning companies, the maritime schools, government agencies and the attitude of the seafarers themselves, not to mention the continuing demand for new vessels brought about by globalization of trade and industry

Food Processing and Livelihood Development Project Arlene M. Ebalde chmsc_rds@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 2:21 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2:40 p.m. This study seeks to establish a food processing center for production of food products by 2010 at Carlos Hilado Memorial State College which will be the forerunner in the transfer of technology from the academe to barangay level through food processing and preservation, training and seminar workshops. The project generated livelihood and income generating project to 50 residents of the 5 Barangays in the City of Talisay, namely; Busay, San Fernando, Concepcion, Cabatangan and Matab-ang. Descriptive and Qualitative method of research was used in the study. The frequency and percentage were used as statistical tools. The findings revealed that, the 5 Barangays has level up through series of in-service and pre-service trainings on food processing, good manufacturing practices and has adopted food safety practices in the satellite centers, in the community and has diversified product components. Products marketability has been further enhance reaching out fiestas, festivals, celebrations and big events in the province, region and even Metro Manila. An average of 50% of the trained beneficiaries were seriously engaged in direct food processing and a good number made use of the raw materials as initial start up capital for business ventures. Success stories were documented as a result of program implementation.

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Job Satisfaction and Training Needs of Employees: Institutional Benchmark for Administrative Planning and Development Eleno S. Sing elenosing24@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation-Bacolod, Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. JBLCF-Bacolod aims for nothing less than excellence in all areas of its services. Being one of the stakeholders of the institution, the faculty and non-teaching staff are assumed to possess a certain degree of contentment on their job. This descriptive study provides a profile of job satisfaction of the employees of JBLCF-Bacolod in terms of the following areas: supervision and empowerment, workplace and co-workers, university and university policies, workload and salary, work environment, and personal satisfaction. Employing the survey method in data-gathering and the use of mean and frequency to analyze the data, findings from this study revealed that the faculty, grouped into Business Department, Deck, Engine, and General Education and Allied, as well as the non-teaching staff appeared to be satisfied on the services and experiences they avail from the institution. Data further revealed that the employees when taken as a whole are very satisfied with the workplace and their co-workers. Faculty in the Deck and Engine department as well as the non-teaching staff however, have shown the lowest mean for workload and salary. In addition, this study provided data on certain areas that need further improvement and the specific types of trainings needed by the groups of faculty and non-teaching staff to improve the quality of their work performance.

Sustaining Higher Production and Income Through Integrated Nutrient Management in Sericulture-Agroforestry Systems Mabel M. Caccam Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 3:11 – 3:30 p.m. Low farm productivity besets farmers due to monocropping practice and low soil fertility. Thus, three systems were evaluated to select those that improve soil fertility, farm yields and income. The experimental design was RCBD. Agronomic and soil data were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT for comparing means. Cost-return was estimated. Compared with Mulberry Batac in rows with 200-50-50 kg NPK/ha, Alfonso in pits with 10t neem leaves (Azadiractaindica a. Juss) or 10t kakawate leaves (Gliciridiasepium ) + 10t poultry manure (PM) + 100-50-50 kg NPK/ha had higher mulberry leaf and cocoon yields, net returns and return on expenses (ROE). Higher net income and ROE were realized in Batac in rows with 10t katurai leaves (SesbaniaGrandiflora) + 10t PM + 50-50-50 kg NPK/ha and mulberry with 10t katurai leaves + 10t PM alone with Batac in rows planted with cowpea,(Vignaunguiculata), and peanut(Arachishypogaea) as with 100-50-50 kg NPK/ha. Soil fertility was improved in all systems.

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Utilizing Visual Arts as a Tool in Culture Preservation and a Potential Income Generating Project (IGP) Vicente L. Quinto Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. The idea of visual arts has been confined only as one of the subject areas in the Humanities which include dance, theater, time arts, and music. But there was no attempt to use the output in visual arts as a potential tool in preserving the culture of the Gaddangs - a tribe in the Northern Philippines-; and as an Income Generating Project (IGP) for SUCs. This paper will present the significance of arts in culture preservation in line with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) mandate in preserving and integrating traditional culture and its various creative expression as a dynamic part of national cultural mainstream as cited by Banaag (2010); and the opportunity it offers as an IGP. Initial designs using the Gaddang culture (costume, accessories and ornaments) revealed a positive response among the initial buyers/ users. The various output are now being included in the development of a book in Humanities specifically designed to preserve the culture of the North specifically the Gaddangs.

Impact of Price Hike of Commercial Rice to the Quality of Food Served by Small Scale Restaurant Operators SHERWIN T. MOSTOLES Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Manila C Stream: Business and Management & Institutional Research 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. An element influencing economics is energy resource. Fossil energy is depleting. Thus, modern men find ways for alternative energy. However, price of fossil energy is fluctuating in the global market i.e. dependent on supply production. Eventually, prices of commodity are influenced by price of energy. In the Philippines, the first basic commodity affected is the price of rice. Unfortunately, Filipinos live essentially on rice as staple food. Commercially, this too affected the quality of food served by small scale restaurant operators. The study was a descriptive survey assessing the reaction of small scale restaurant operators and customers on the impact of price hike of commercial rice to the quality of food served from restaurant establishments. Findings were: the impact of price hike of commercial rice to the quality of food served by small scale restaurants in terms of taste, aroma, texture, color and quantity was moderate; the satisfaction level of customers of small scale restaurants was moderate; the impact of price-hike of rice moderately affected owner-operators of small scale restaurants in terms of operating cost, number of customers, monthly gross sales and net profit; and the correlation between price hike of rice and quality of food served was very significant.

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The English Proficiency Level of Senior College Students Visitacion S. Simbulan Isabela State University-Echague Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. This study sought to evaluate the English proficiency level of the 136 college students of the College of Arts and Sciences taking up Bachelor of Arts in English, Mass Communication, Psychology, Political Science and Bachelor of Science in Biology, Criminology and Mathematics enrolled this second semester school year 2010 – 2011. The researcher made use of the frequency, percentages and averaging. In the statistical treatment of data, the Person-product moment coefficient of correlation was employed to determine the relationship between Reading Comprehension and Sentence Completion. The English proficiency level of the respondents in terms of Reading Comprehension as grouped according to gender was rated “Good”. In terms of religion, A, B, C, D, E and F were rated “Good”, G and H were “Satisfactory”, and I, J and K were rated “Poor”. The second part of the proficiency examination which is the Sentence Completion, resulted into “Poor” level of proficiency. All areas, gender, course, religion, ethnic affiliation, residence and income, were marked “Poor”. One area in the family income, 21,999.00 – 23,000.00, was rated “Good”. The overall result of the level of proficiency of the respondents showed “Poor” remarks in terms of gender, course, ethnic affiliation, residence, religion and income. The r also a significant of .5301 shows a positive relationship which means that the Reading Comprehension is directly related to Sentence Completion. This further shows that there is a significant relationship between reading comprehension and sentence completion as shown in the probability value of .0000, which means that the null hypothesis is rejected.

Culture of Migration: Preference for Nursing Profession Lovelyn S. Layson chmsc_rds@yahoo.com Carlos Hilado Memorial State College, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 10:41 p.m. This study presents the sociological, economic, and political aspects of the Culture of Migration behind students’ preference for the Nursing Profession. Descriptive research was used through triangulation – questionnaire-assisted survey, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informants (KI) – in data gathering. Statistical tools included the mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation (PPM) and ANOVA. The respondents were 135 students in the University of Negros Occidental’s College of Nursing; five parents/guardians of nursing students for the FGD; and randomly-chosen five persons as KI’s, who have relative experience and relevant roles in the topics of migration and nursing profession. The researcher found out that preference for the nursing profession was fueled by the students’ and their parents’ perception of sociological factors like the self, trend, peer, and family. The remittances of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW’s) to their families acted as the socio-economic factor while government programs and laws for the protection of OFW’s further strengthened the nursing students’ desire to migrate. Furthermore, the researcher found out that there was a significant relationship between the desire to migrate and occupational preference; and that there was a considerable difference in the desire to migrate when respondents were grouped according to gender and socio-economic status.

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Interplay of Profile and Professional Behavior of Science Teachers in the Higher Education Precila C. Delima precy.delima@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. No subject in the curriculum today has drawn greater attention than science. But, the present state of science education as assessed by renowned scientists is “discouragingly poor”. New standards in science and mathematics education are being advocated which reflect the current vision of the content, classroom environment, teaching methods, and support necessary to provide a high quality education in the sciences for all students (Hofstein, 2004).This study aimed to determine the interplay between the profile of the teacherrespondents and their professional behavior and the differences in the perception of the students and teachers on professional behavior. There were five (5)dimensions of professional behavior which were included in this study. The descriptive method was used to gather the data. The results revealed that the teacherrespondents perceived their professional behaviors as “very satisfactory” which the student- respondents agreed with grand mean of 3.68 and 3.57, respectively. Teachers’ age, highest educational attainment and attendance to Science- related training for the last five (5) years) have no direct relationship with the professional behavior of the Science teachers. Other findings of the study showed significant relationship between the teachers’ years of teaching experience to their motivational teaching behavior and knowledge of the subject matter.

Coping with Culture Shock in Second Language Settings Safary Wa-Mbaleka wa-mbalekas@aiias.edu Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. Adjustment to a new culture with different people and in an unfamiliar environment mostly brings along some significant challenges. For many years, a number of studies have focused on the issue of culture shock, that is, the negative physical and emotional effects of entering a new culture. Teachers who teach English as a second language (ESL) have to deal with their students’ adjustment process and possible culture shock. This paper discusses the term “culture shock”, its phases, causes and symptoms, as well as ideas on how ESL teachers can help their students in coping effectively with their culture shock experience. Participants in this study were six students from six different countries who had to study English before they could take graduate courses at a private higher education institution located near Manila. The study reports the findings of a focus group interview. Results show that students indeed experienced culture shock and use different coping strategies that can be beneficial for other learners in international ESL settings.

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The Vanishing Practices, Belief and Rituals of the Yogads Visitacion S Simbulan Isabela State University-Echague Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 1:00 – 1:20 p.m. The study documented the vanishing practices, belief and rituals of some Yogad families of Soyung and Dammang, Echague, Isabela, Northern Philippines. The respondents were elderly members of the Yogad tribe. Data were gathered using observation and key informant interview. Some vanishing practices of the Yogad Families of Echague had been noted such as pregnancy and conception like “magullagaring”, baptism or tabayag, Death rituals such as “magamumuat gulgul, allaw tu karalu, pabulun nu “remyenta” also were noted. Moreover, marriage rituals such as “palannak”and “dallut” were noted. The Yogad practices, belief and rituals are embedded in their daily activities; however, only some retain indigenous practices and integrated in their lives due to inter-marriage. The Yogad people have a very rich and flourishing tradition and cultural heritage worthy to be counted as one of the historical landmarks of the Filipino people. The study is significant in the perpetuation of teaching some values, useful in upgrading the teacher’s competency in teaching literature and other subjects. It also helps in digging further practices and beliefs of Yogad’s to strengthen their family ties and further refine the youth of their tribe.

Improvement and Utilization of DMMMSU-SRDI Epprouvette Rubelyn V. Delfin rvd_37@yahoo.com Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. The demand of raw silk with uniform sizes in the local and world market is greatly increasing every year. Silk is an item of less export control and quota restrictions because it is truly an identified export winner under garment and textiles. But finished products may not be of high quality if the raw silk material is not tested (Chavancy, 1994). Hence, there is a need to maintain sizes of the reeled silk per denier. The DMMMSU-SRDI Epprouvette was developed and mass produced using locally available parts and materials for testing the quality of cocoon and raw silk. Results of the study showed that the latest two models of DMMMSU-SRDI Epprouvette(EF1-99 and UVM-2000) has an optimum output of 10 cocoon samples per hour compared to the foreign model (India) which consumed two hours to perform the job. Economic analysis shows that DMMMSUSRDI models EF1-99 and UVM-2000 had lesser cost of production per year amounting to P26,000.00 and P23,271.00 respectively as compared to the Indian model which cost P40,000.00. The return of investment of the DMMMSU-SRDI Epprouvette is 34% for model EF1-99 and 50% for model UVM-2000. With its economic potential and acceptability, the clientele already utilized several units of the said models. Patent examination is in progress.

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Propensity to Engage in Educational Travel among Selected Young Filipino Students Maria Victoria P. Tibon maria.victoria.tibon@dlsu.edu.ph De la Salle University Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m.

Educational travel is a significant part of youth travel. It is a business of vast potential. This study is an initial effort to define the prospects of this business by measuring the propensity to engage in educational travel among 140 students from two regions in the Philippines. Results show that Filipinos have a high propensity to engage in educational travel. Youth from the southern part of the Philippines tend to have a higher propensity than those in the National Capital Region. Reasons for the difference such as demographic factors and built-in environment are explored.

Implementing a Reading Program for Elementary Non- Readers: An Extension Project for Future Educators Josephine C. Cristobal Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. This research sought to determine the reading levels of the Elementary pupils as a basis for the implementation of a reading program as an extension project of the Isabela State University- Cauayan Campus. A pre-test-posttest design measured the change in the remedial reading abilities of the pupils after the normal classroom instruction (intervention). The PHIL IRI Oral Test Criteria was used in collecting the data. The Frequency and Percent Distribution was used to describe the profile of the respondents and their reading levels. ANOVA and t-Test were used to test the hypotheses. The gathered data were processed through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study revealed the following: 1) most of the pupils were word readers during the pre-test but became paragraph readers after the intervention, 2) the reading level of the female pupils and male pupils was not significantly different during the pre-test, but showed a significant difference after the intervention which revealed that the reading level of the female pupils was significantly higher than the male pupils.

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Interface between Profile and Crimes Committed in the Urban and Rural Areas RICMAR P. AQUINO Isabela State University – Cauayan Campus Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. This study analyzed the reported crimes and their status in the City of Cauayan. It was revealed that most suspects are young adults, 21-30 years old, mostly males. Majority of crimes happened in the city proper. Many of suspects have not finished elementary and high school and only very few are college graduates. Nearly all suspects’ income went below the poverty line. A large number of suspects are still at large with a little less than 50% have been arrested. Majority of the cases are not settled or are pending investigation by police authorities and only but few have been solved or settled and filed with the prosecutor or the court and more than 80% of them are crimes against persons and property. The research further revealed that police investigators believed that most reported crimes have been expeditiously acted upon. Some crimes are not filed with the court due to amicable settlement between the parties, desistance, lack of evidence, absence of private complainant and lack of cooperation among the parties. The study further revealed that there was a significant relationship between crimes and educational attainment.

The Implementation of Drop-Out Reduction Program (DORP) in Public Secondary Schools: An Assessment Antonio M. Tinunga Surigao del Sur State University Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. Public schools are empowered to address dropout problem through School Dropout Reduction Program (S-DORP). Thus, this study involving 15 public high schools from the 1st District of Surigao del Sur was conducted to evaluate the extent of implementation of S-DORP for school year 2010-2011. Two groups of respondents comprising 30 implementers (15 school heads and 15 S-DORP coordinators) and 50 SARDOs (Students-At-Risks of Dropping Out) were cross-examined with survey questionnaires and informal interviews. Analysis of data employed the descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as means, standard deviation and T-test. Results revealed that most of these implementers have exerted less effort in performing their functions toward intensive implementation. Open High School Program (OHSP) has no extent at all due to unavailability of prototype OHSP modules. Effective Alternative Secondary Education (Project EASE) has the least extent of implementation because of the very limited EASE modules. Further, School Initiated Interventions (SII) showed significant difference with a t-value of 3.17 and p-value of .034. Therefore, the implementation of S-DORP obviously failed in some aspects because of insufficient resources and sustainable support system. Implementers should have more capability enhancement trainings and schools should have full-time S-DORP coordinator to accommodate ballooning population of at-risk learners.

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A Note on Measuring the Economic Impact of Philippine Public Higher Education Institutions: Private, Fiscal, and Social Perspectives Fred Avestruz favestruz@gmail.com University of the Philippines-Cebu, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 3:11 – 3:30 p.m. This paper presents a framework and methodologies for estimating the economic impact of investments in public higher education institutions (HEI) in the Philippines. The common approach to estimating the economic impact of public higher education is based on the paradigm that the choices of intellectually capable high school graduates is either to go to college or to work. Public HEIs provide wider accessibility thus creating a bias towards going to college. This approach uses the difference in incomes between high school graduates and college graduates in measuring benefits from public higher education. The proliferation of a variety of private and public HEIs in the Philippines makes this paradigm inappropriate. Public and private HEIs differ in quality, costs, as well as admission standards. Here, the choice for intellectually capable high school graduates is often between public HEIs and private HEIs rather than between college and full-time work. To appropriately measure returns of public HEIs, this study develops a methodology using differential investments in public and private HEIs and incomes of their respective graduates. Variations of this methodology can be used to estimate returns from the private, fiscal, and social perspectives. Details of this methodology are described in the paper. Data from the University of the PhilippinesCebu are used to illustrate the methodologies. Results indicate that returns to pubic HEIs could be much lower than those derived using the college vs. work paradigm.

Teaching Capability and Effectiveness of Maritime Instructors in Selected Maritime Institutions in the Philippines Marilyn L. Medina marilyn_research@yahoo.com.ph Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. This descriptive study investigates the teaching capability and effectiveness of maritime instructors in the Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific and University of Cebu. Specifically, it attempted to identify the relationship between the demographic and psychological profile and teaching capability of the respondents and their teaching effectiveness. Data were gathered using the profile questionnaire, Intelligence and Personality questionnaires which were used to measure teaching capability and Teachers Evaluation Form which was used to measure the teaching effectiveness. The percentage, weighted mean, simple regression and multiple regressions were used in the treatment of data. Based on the findings, masters’ degree, years of experience in the academe and seminars and trainings attended were significantly related to teaching effectiveness. At 0.05 level of significance, the personality traits related to teaching effectiveness were perfectionism and teaching effectiveness; perfectionism and teaching methods; perfectionism and resourcefulness; liveliness and knowledge of the subject matter; and liveliness and feedback. At 0.01 level of significance, the personality traits related to teaching effectiveness were: perfectionism and delivery; perfectionism and motivation; liveliness and, teaching methods; and perfectionism and feedback. In terms of IQ and teaching capability, years in academe; rank on board; bachelors’ degree, graduate degree, seminars and trainings were not related to IQ while seminars and trainings were related to personality traits.

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Predictors of Research Performance among Faculty Members of Isabela State University System Lorelie C. Tabago lei_tabago@yahoo.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. The study identifies the significant predictors of research performance among faculty members of Isabela State University System in terms of research involvement, dissemination, utilization and outputs. The study used the descriptive-correlational type of research. The frequency, percentage, weighted mean, pearson-r, chi-square and stepwise multiple regression analysis were the statistical tools used in analyzing the data. The respondents were the permanent faculty members of Isabela State University coming from its nine campuses. Regression analysis showed that research involvement is predicted by their age, civil status, educational attainment, number of research related trainings, number of membership to research organizations, attitude towards research and organization’s moral support for faculty research. Research dissemination is determined by their age, civil status, number of membership to research organizations, attitude towards research and organization’s moral support for faculty research. Research utilization is predicted by their civil status, educational attainment, number of membership to research organizations, attitude towards research and organization’s moral support for faculty research. Research outputs are determined by their length of teaching experience, rank/position, number of research training, number of membership to research organizations, organization’s administrative and financial support for faculty research.

Faces/Spaces of Penology: Lessons from tradition to Transformation Michael Vincent P. Caceres mikey_vpc@yahoo.com Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology Philippines Venue: Seoul A Stream: Education and Social Science 4:11 – 4:30 The evolution of penology in history came in a very long process to what it is today from the conceptualization of structural designs and the philosophy behind its construction. The basic philosophy of its construction was to protect the society against law less elements. This paper explores the historical development of penology concerning issues on crime and punishment and how the idea of modern penal system came into being. Historical and philosophical concepts related to crime and punishment was included in the discussion to provide clarity on how man perceives justice. Part of the paper is a discussion on the early historical development in the Philippines and its effort in reforming the system. The paper made used of historical method as basis for identifying the significant development in the history of penology. One of the significant features discovered on this paper was the principle that confinement is indeed necessary across the world and across ages of time. Without it, an orderly society especially among larger communities is closed to impossible.

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Evil and Inborn Knowledge of God: Quranic Perspective Ramezan Mahdavi Azadboni dr.azadboni@yahoo.com University of Mazandaran Iran Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. Since the modern age, the attacks against faith and religious belief have been raised. One of the major arguments against the existence of God who is described in theistic religious holly books as Almighty and all loving God come in terms of suffering in human life and the presence of evil in the world created by God. The challenge according to the critics against the religious life and faith is that how a believer can be considered rational in his faith while there are many suffering in human life and evil in world. The aim of this paper is to deal with this challenge and the solutions is given on the basis of Islamic teachings. There are different response for this challenge both in Islamic theology and Christian theology. This research is limited to Quranic teachings and the main claim as one possible response and defense for the presence of evil in human life is to point out that evil play main role in provoking inborn knowledge of God in human nature.

When Silence Means “Yes”: Unravelling Danilo’s Guilt in Amelia Lapena-Bonifacio’s Play Sepang Loca Simplicia T. Tordesillas tsimplicia@yahoo.com Occidental Mindoro State College Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. The study aims to examine Danilo’s character in relation to his seeming indifference to the indignation of his parents and the town folks at the heartless father of Sepang Loca’s child; to identify the various instances that allude or point to him as the criminal; and, to analyze his behavior, feelings and thoughts about the phenomenon. The descriptive method is used to (a) reveal Danilo’s crime based on his actions, what he says or thinks, and his silences; (b) trace his social background and moral values; and, (3) infer if there has been any remorse on his part. The story tries to unravel the extent of Danilo’s crime, guilt and remorse. It is hoped that through his character, the play has succeeded in stirring social conscience and kindling transformative energy to effect change in the way society deals with idiots.

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Christ, the Perfection of Man: A Philosophical- Christological Approach on Christian Anthropology Mario C. Mapote mario.mapote@yahoo.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. The study began with introduction to Philosophy of Man. Philosophico-Christologico approach on Christian Anthropology started with sense of self awareness on this seemingly vain technological modern world. In the history of philosophy, there were three objects of study evolving by themselves, world, man and God in orderly fashion and repeating in interval phases. Self-experience shows three objects: first, existential unity (past), second, experiential unity (present) and third, transcendental unity (future). Western Philosophy banked with Aristotle’s notion of man as rational animal that led to Dualism turned into Monism and finally into Pluralism making it harder to capsulate man’s unity. Thus, the universal question “what is man?” including his end remains unanswered. The problem with Western-Aristotelian Thought was its dependence on rationality that became ultimate and highest faculty of man. The Greeks believed in immortality of soul but contradicted reality that human mind has no power over death (mortality). Faith transcends mortal-natural state of man however not in proud and arrogant manner but in utter surrender and subjection (Paschal). Faith turns truth from objective to personal. God’s and man’s identity was both revealed. Man as God’s image becomes definite in the revelation about Christ, the Son of God, the Perfect Man.

Les Miserables: The Dyadic Role of Theater Among Children in the Rural Areas Ermel M. Delima ermel.delima@gmail.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. Numerous studies (Catterall, Chapleau and Iwanaga, 1999; Ruppert, 2006; Fiske, 1999) have demonstrated a correlation between drama involvement and academic achievement; and its role in self- efficacy and selfesteem of juvenile delinquents and disadvantaged children (Kennedy, 2002). But an empirical study on the impact of theater arts on the reticent behavior of the Filipino children has not been conducted which this paper was premised. The Basic Integrated Theater Arts Workshop (BITAW) module used by the researcher from 1992- 2012 was the basis of the paper. Observations revealed that there was an increased participation of the child during the workshop particularly on improvisation, pantomime, monologue, blood effects and sound effects; and script writing. The known reticent or shy students were observed to volunteer on some tasks which they do not usually do in a classroom (Sarmiento, 2010). Some participants, especially those who belong to poor families could easily pour out emotions and did well in the monologue especially on expressing melancholic emotions. The use of theater arts as a medium in addressing reticence was proven effective. The paper further recommends a replication of the study but should focus on comparative behavior among ethnic groups.

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Globalization and Golden Ethical Rule Seyed Aliakbar Rabinataj sm.rabinataj@gmail.com University of Mazandaran, Iran Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 1:00 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1:20 p.m. The shape of universe has been changed and we, human beings are living in a global village and the globalization has taken place in advance. It is due to information-technology that has reduced the world to a global village through internet, satellite, and so on. The rise of an information society, carried by information technologies such as the digital computer and the Internet, has led to discussions worldwide about ethical aspect of human life. Part of this discussion is ethical. It focuses on moral values, and questions of moral goodness. Efforts to establish a global ethic have received widespread international attention in recent years. Is ethics culturally relative or do moral values in globalised world having universal validity? The aim of this essay is to arrive at answers to this question. The writer argues that there are some kind of ethical values that can be considered as common ground for a globalised world to avoid the shortage of moral standard in global village.

Introduction to Philosophy: A Foundation for Modern Education Mario C. Mapote mario.mapote@yahoo.com Isabela State University-Cauayan Campus, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 1:21 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 1:40 p.m. Philosophy seems to be an obsolete human interest today not because it is really obsolete but because its development comes into the full and thus becomes hidden into the scene in the name of development itself. The trend of this so-called modern time is technological and practical. This is so because philosophy in the history of mankind reaches its second level i.e. the level of praxis, the practical level. Even the trend in education as well as in the field of industry is more on hands-on, manual, technological and practical level. Philosophy belongs to speculative science but is a perfect science which contains both the level of knowledge (philos) and the level of wisdom (Sophia). It also adheres to education as a lifelong process because it aims at learning new theories. Its ultimate aim is to turn thought into action, knowledge into wisdom, science into technology, theory into praxis, and faith into charity. And so its essence and spirit moves the current trend of modern education and industry in the process of development in search for the truth.

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Principal’s Transformational Leadership and Teachers’ Teaching Effectiveness in Public High Schools Roziel C. Borbon Roziel_pamela@yahoo.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. A transformational leader articulates a realistic vision of the future that can, stimulate subordinates intellectually and has become charismatic in the eyes of his followers. In this rapidly changing school environment effective leadership styles of principals are needed to make necessary changes such as developing the culture of shared responsibility. This paper focused on the study of the transformational leadership style of the principals in Public High School. The teaching effectiveness of teachers and their attitudes towards teaching was investigated in this quantitative study of principals. A research-made questionnaire was utilized in the conduct of the study. The application of regression analysis was used to interpret the data. Most of the principals practiced transformational leadership style. Educational qualification and transformational leadership affect the teaching effectiveness and attitudes of teachers towards teaching. The F-value (7.467) indicated that all the factors formed a very significant set of predictors for teachers’ attitudes. The R2 value (.115) shows that 11.5% of the variance of the attitudes of teachers could be explained by the joint effects of the four factors. This study concluded that the principal who practiced transformational leadership style can contribute to the teaching effectiveness and favorable attitudes of teachers towards teaching.

The Catholic Life Formation Curriculum of the Catholic Schools in the Archdiocese of Cebu: A Critical Review Reverend Father Eduardo O. Ventic St. Joseph’s Academy, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. The essential mission of the church is evangelization (EN 14). She establishes her own schools to accomplish this mission. Evangelization aims at the formation of the whole person. In this complete formation, the religion or faith dimension plays an important role in the development of the other aspects of one’s personality in the measure in which it is integrated into general education. The extent to which the Christian message is transmitted through education depends not only on content and methodology but also on the teacher, usually the lay. The Catholic Schools and the lay educators receive from the Church, through the Bishops, this “mandate” of “an apostolic undertaking”. Religious instruction in the Archdiocese of Cebu rests on the religious congregations spread across the province. The congregations pursue mainly their vision, mission, and thrusts. This study sought to review the Catholic Life Formation (CLF) content and strategies of ten representative schools from the Catholic Church and the Catechism for Filipino Catholics to ensure the inclusion of basic doctrine and Faith essentials, evaluate the qualifications and the teaching performance of teachers CLF or Christian Living and propose a model for Cebu Catholic Life Formation Program Scope and Sequence and a corollary Facilitators Formation Program needed to implement it. CLF curriculum of the 10 schools varied greatly in catechetical focus. Review of curriculum content revealed that the essentials of the Faith lacked in organic and systematic manner of presentation. The 10 schools had variance in elements, systems and sequence of exposition, faith exposure and prayer forms lack in connectivity to Church prescriptions. Thus, a Model Cebu CLF Program Scope and Sequence is proposed for the utilization by the Catholic Schools in the Archdiocese of Cebu.

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Filipino Parents’ Attitudes towards TV Advertising and their Controls on their Children’s TV Viewing Mary Gretchen F. Chaves marygretchenfchaves@yahoo.com.ph University of the Philippines-Cebu, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. This study investigates the relationship between Filipino parents’ attitudes towards TV advertising and the controls they impose on their children’s TV viewing. A dyad survey participated by 250 parents and children (aged 7 to 12) was conducted in January 2011 survey among urban middle income households in Cebu City, Philippines. The faceto-face interviews included children’s TV viewing habits and their parents’ attitudes about towards TV advertising and the controls they impose on their children’s TV viewing. The result show that on the average, the parents maintain a moderately negative attitude towards TV advertising in general and towards TV advertising directed at children. Majority of the parents(87.2%) exercise control over their children’s TV viewing, mostly by scheduling and limiting the TV viewing times. The factor analyses on the parents’ attitudes towards TV advertising in general and those that were directed at children yielded two factor each. The correlation analyses show that the parents’ attitudes towards TV advertising and their control on their children’s TV viewing may be due to reasons other than their scepticism towards the undesirable effects of TV advertising, or protecting their children from the commercial intent of TV viewing. Implications to policy makers, marketers, advertisers, children’s advocacy groups, academicians and parents are proposed.

Sexting as Socio-cultural Practice and its Influence among Filipino Youth: A Journey to Explore Rolando A. Alimen ralimen@yahoo.com John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. In this present study, researchers explored the “sexting phenomenon” as a trend among young individuals in the two (2) universities, specifically, John B. Lacson Foundation University-Molo and Wesleyan University- Philippines. The study also focused on the influence of “sexting” as a socio-cultural practice among the Filipino youth. Sexting is defined as “the act of text messaging someone in the hopes of having a sexual encounter with them later; initially casual, transitioning into highly suggestive and even sexually explicit.” Sexting has become a fad nowadays and such practice brought about by technology has led a lot of Filipino youth to a certain situation beyond control. The respondents of this study were the college students who were familiar with “sexting” as phenomenal trend among Filipino youth. A researcher-made questionnaire was specifically made for this purpose and made use of both quantitative and qualitative modes of data interpretation. Quantitative data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis to determine “sexting phenomenon” of the respondents. Qualitative data and information were derived from the written testimonies, insights, and recollection of the respondents regarding “sexting” as a sociocultural practice.

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Lessons in Teaching Communication Skills Adopting the Multiple Intelligences Strategies for the Special Program in the Arts Curriculum Dionesio L. Liwagon, Jr Mindanao University of Science and Technology Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 3:11 – 3:30 p.m. The main purpose of the study was to design, develop, validate and revise lessons in teaching communication skills adopting the multiple intelligences strategies for the Special Program in the Arts curriculum. The key features of the lessons included communication-based learning activities, language functions, alternative assessment, and scaffolding teaching strategies which were geared towards the teaching of communication skills through the content instruction in art education. The study used Simbulan’s Model in Research and Design following the three stages: Pre-Development, Development, and Post-Development. The study involved three public secondary schools in Region 10 -Northern Mindanao offering Special Program in the Arts curriculum. Three media arts and three theater arts teachers were sampled while 30 students were sampled to evaluate the lessons. Interviews, opinionnaires and questionnaires were used to gather data from the prospective users. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to treat the responses in validating the lessons. The study revealed that the lessons were accurate in content, clear, appropriate and relevant, as evaluated by the panel of experts. The developed lessons were suitable, useful, appropriate, acceptable and relevant to teach communication skills, as evaluated by the teacher-users. The students opined that the developed lessons were interesting, quality, appealing, acceptable, relevant and meaningful. The developed lessons adopting multiple intelligences strategies, language functions, communication-based learning activities and alternative assessment could be used to teach communication skills of students in the SPA curriculum.

Employability of University of Cebu -Maritime Education and Training Center Non-Scholar Graduates 2007-2011 Minette O. Abagon University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. The study aimed to determine the employability among the engine and deck graduates of maritime department of University of Cebu- Maritime Education and Training Center. The researchers were interested to look into the percentage of employability among the non-scholar graduates. The research used the descriptive method using surveys and research instruments of in University of Cebu - Maritime Education and Training Center. The respondents of the study were the graduates of 2007-2011 experienced on-board apprenticeship locally and internationally with 98 sample size. The researcher used the survey questionnaire graduate tracer study of CHED as an instrument. The statistical treatment solely percentage computation. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents are single, followed by the married ones. The respondents from the Central Visayas Region ranks first, followed by the Region V, the Bicol Region. Based on the interviews, the respondents are more employed if they earned their Bachelor’s degree, especially if they pass licensure exams. Majority of the respondents are Officers-in-Charge, followed by the higher ranked officers. It shows equal distribution of respondents among the city and municipal residence. Contractual employment tops the kind of employment status of the respondents. Among the various skills learned in college, communication skills tops on the list. Human relations skills place second with Information Technology skills as the third one. Suggestions from the respondents emphasizes on the practical exams that more useful for the students as preparations for their future endeavors in the workplace.

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Leadership Skills Practices and Problems of Public Elementary School Administrators: Basis for Intervention Joey H. Sumohoy Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. This study assesses the extent of practice of leadership skills of Public Elementary School Administrators and also to examine if there is a significant difference in assessment of leadership skills between school administrators and teachers in public elementary schools. The problem encountered by the public elementary school administrators in the performance of their leadership skills and the invention scheme designed to address their leadership problem. The descriptive method of research was used. The respondents of the study were seventy (70) public elementary school administrators who are handling two to three schools and the two hundred twelve (212) teachers. The questionnaire was the gathering tool. Mean, standard deviation, rank order as well as through qualitative analysis were used as the treatment of data. The findings of the study revealed that public elementary school administrators had a moderate extent of practiced in collecting, analyzing and using data to identify school needs; and in implementing and monitoring the school improvement plan. Problems encountered by school administrators were the followings: communication and connection with parents and community; limited hardware and computer program to analyze data for interpretation; time for teacher evaluation and professional development plans; lack of technology to monitor progress; and principal not present when parents come to school unannounced or need emergency help.

Learners’ Access Patterns and Performance in an Online Course in Science, Technology, and Society Ricardo Bagarinao ricardo.bagarinao@upou.edu.ph University of the Philippines - Open University , Philippines Venue: Seoul B Stream: Philosophy and Religion, Language, Literature, and Social Science 4:11 – 4:30 This study is founded on the connectivity concept of landscape ecology. Each learner produces unique patterns of access in online classrooms. Once analyzed, these patterns may help instructors create customized learning activities and contextualized student support. A log file analysis technique was conducted to mine logged data of learners, and analyze the relationships between access patterns, gender, and performance. Four access pattern variables were analyzed: login frequency (LoginFre), resource materials access frequency (ResFre), number of posts (NoPost), and number of read posts (FoRead). About 12,992 logged data of 70 learners in Science, Technology, and Society course were analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were conducted. Learners’ log in frequency ranged from 1 to 103 hits with distribution that is slightly normal. Their average hits on resource materials were estimated at 30 with 110 hits as maximum and 0 as minimum. Interestingly, the learners are more inclined to read the posts of their classmates than discussing their own thoughts. This pattern is more revealing among female learners than in their male counterparts (p < 0.05). These patterns showed a strong significant positive relationship with learners’ performance (p = 0.000), implying that learners’ activities are crucial for effective online learning.

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Professionalizing Human Resources: A Response to the Increasing Onslaught of Technology Aniceto R. Rialubin University of Northern Philippines Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. The study was conducted to find out whether or not professionalizing human resources is a vital response to the increasing onslaught of technology. Specifically, this study sought to determine the extent of qualification standards used among the engineer respondents as compared to Civil Service Standards, the management support on the initiation, development, and propagation along Local Scholarship Programs, Computer Training Programs, and Other Measures to beef up the existing capabilities of the respondents, and the frequency of occurrence on the issues they found in the organization. In support to National and Global Competitiveness and Excellence, the human resources which are considered as the ultimate wealth of the nation should be given real priority, more opportunities and support on quality education, relevant training and development to sustain engineering competencies and versatility. Building high quality and excellent human resources will result to building quality infrastructure projects and a progressive world. Indeed, it’s the engineers’ responsibility to provide a society with sustainable development not only on the technological but in environmental terms as well and the increasingly limited resources.

Organizational Development Processes in State Universities and Colleges of Caraga Region, Philippines Nemesio G. Loayon dr.loayon@yahoo.com Surigao del Sur State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. This study aimed to diagnose the Organizational Development processes in State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Caraga Region, Philippines. It determined the following parameters: Organizational Culture, Situational Leadership Style, Communication Processes and Conflict Resolution Techniques. The research considered 540 respondents representing the administrators, faculty, and staff of the selected SUCs. The proportionate random sampling was used to determine the respondents. The instruments were adopted from Organizational Culture Questionnaire(Robins,1990); Situational Leadership Style(Dessler,1998); Communication Management Patterns Survey(Randolph and Black Burn,1989); and Conflict Management Questionnaire(Thomas,1976). The data were treated using Weighted Mean, Standard Deviation, Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and the Multiple Regressions. The study revealed that the Organizational Culture of the SUCs under investigation are predominantly characterized by Management Support and Reward System which draw positive behavior of Individual Initiative and Risk Tolerance among employees. Delegating is predominantly the Situational Leadership style used by administrators of SUCs. When respondents were grouped by their work position, the results indicate the significant difference of the leadership styles of administrators. They asserted that downward communication is often an effective direction of communication. To resolve organizational conflicts, school administrators exercised compromising and confronting techniques. The findings draw implications for Organizational Development.

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An Integrated Global Benchmark of Admission to Higher Education Gerry B. de Cadiz prof.gerry.b.decadiz@gmail.com Eastern Visayas State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. Learning institutions throughout the world recognized the importance of properly screening those who will be allowed to take higher education. A standard admission criterion affect the way a student prospers in college and prepares for a professional career that would have an impact to meeting the human resource requirement for a country’s development programs. A comparable assessment of the entrance procedures of leading universities worldwide resulted to a novel framework of an integrated global benchmark admission system which considers the individual’s theoretical facility, technical proficiency, emotional maturity, physical dexterity and other institutional support mechanisms. The schools which were evaluated consist of Harvard University, University of Cambridge, California Institute of Technology, University of Oxford, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University of Toronto, University of Hong Kong, University of Tokyo, Pohang University of Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, National University of Singapore, Peking University, Ecole Polytechnique, University of Göttingen and Karolinska Institute. The political situation, economic strength and socio-cultural orientation of a country consequently shaped policies toward students’ entrance to higher education. Thus, a quality admission system will usher improvements in the composition of studentry which is a basic requisite in the educative process of producing world-class citizens and knowledge workers.

Instructional Leadership of Elementary School Principals and Academic Performance of Pupils Magdalina B. de Guzman malyn_316@yahoo.com Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. In the past years, academic performance of pupils mostly didn’t reach the passing score of 75%. The study aimed to determine the instructional leadership of the elementary school principals and the academic performance of the pupils. The descriptive research supplemented by statistical tools such as mean, frequency and percentage in the analysis of data. Chi-square and Correlation Matrix were also used to determine whether significant difference exist between the level of principal instructional leadership and some given factors. The results indicate that, there is no significant relationship between the level of instructional leadership of principals to the academic performance of the pupils as shown in the p- value of 0. 403. It is concluded that, academic performance of the pupils did not depend on the level of principal’s instructional leadership. It is recommended that, schools should aspire to attain excellence in performance in the National Achievement Test (NAT) by: upgrading review questionnaires and conduct a quality and intensive review with a schema that another teacher will conduct a review and a pre-NAT assessment.

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Customer Satisfaction on the Student Personnel Services of the University of Cebu-Maritime Education and Training Center Regilito C. Sanchez University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 1:00 – 1:20 p.m. The study determined the customer satisfaction on the student personnel services at University of Cebu- Maritime Education and Training Center. The researchers were interested to look into the different departments in Student Personnel Services to identify the areas, recognize the deficiencies and recommend a solution for the improvement of the delivery of the Student Personnel Services. The research used the quantitative method with follow up interview in surveys and research instruments of in University of Cebu - Maritime Education and Training Center. The respondents of the study were the students in BS Marine Transportation & BS Marine Engineering of 2nd Semester year 2011-2012. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents are somewhat satisfied with the delivery of the services from the different areas involved in the Student Personnel Services offices. Recommendation of the study includes training & Seminars to be conducted annually in Customer Care, eliminate long queues in various departments especially during enrollments and payments, suggestion / comment box in every department to obtain views from the clients / customers, happy smile button to be implemented & a bulletin installed to post “Employees of the Month” and recognize their work & other motivation schemes for our employees.

Ilonggo Seafarers’ Edge among Other Nationalities of the World Miguel G. Gayo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. The study aimed to determine if the Ilonggo seafarers have an edge over other nationalities, Ilonggo seafarers’ communication and work ethic, Ilonggo seafarers’ attitude towards work, Ilonggo seafarers’ relationship with other seafarers on board, views/other observations they have in terms of other Filipino seafarers or seafaring as their profession. The descriptive qualitative method of research was employed in this investigation. According to Good and Scates (2000), descriptive research involves collecting of data in order to test hypothesis or answer questions concerning the edge of Filipino seafarers against other nationalities. In this investigation, in-depth interviews were utilized. This included individual interviews (e.g., one-on-one). The data were recorded utilizing audio recording and written notes. In this interview, the researchers requested some individuals to interview the seafarers who are currently on vacation. The respondents of this study were the ten (10) seafarers who were purposively chosen for this study. The seafarers were currently on vacation and the researchers had a chance of interviewing them. Ten (10) respondents were utilized as interviewees in this study. Seven (7) out of the ten (10) seafarers were married and three (3) were single. Their children ranged between none-3 in terms of age. Two of the respondents had spent more than 25 years. Four were between 5-8 years on board and the rest had 2 years experience. Results revealed that the Ilonggo seafarers’ edge in terms of communication in terms of being communicators and spontaneity has been a remarkable mark of their better communicators as seafarers. In terms of work ethic, their edge in their work quality were their cleanliness and conciseness in work, love for work, diligence and hardwork, and their creativity and intelligence have become their edge in terms of work ethic compared to other seafarers of other nationalities. In terms of their relationship with other crew on board, their being “a complete package,” “ability to get along well with others,” and “loyalty in friendship” were their edge compared to other seafarers. Two themes emerged about Ilonggo seafarers’ views of their profession. These two were their love and passion for their work and their belief that seafaring can better their socio-economic situation.

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Students’ Perception and Assessment of a Distance Institution’s Information Services LUISA GELISAN luisa.gelisan@upou.edu.ph University of the Philippines Open University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. The study determined the students’ perception and assessment of the various information services provided by a distance education institution (DE institution) to its students. Majority of the 187 respondents are female, single, aged 16-35 years old, from Luzon area, and full-time employees. The respondents have access and use the telephone, mobile phone, computer, and the Internet. When communicating with the university, almost one-half of them preferred to use the Internet mainly because it is relatively cheaper, most convenient to use, and facilitates fast exchange of communication. The least preferred mode is the mobile phone due to expensive rate (45%). Five out of the six information services of the DE institution – website, Tech Support, Academic Catalogue, and the student support services of the Faculty Offices and the Office of the University Registrar, were given high ratings (4.0) in terms of information content. As for the organization or presentation of information only the UPOU website was given rating of 4.0. MyPortal was given also given a high rating with regards to its usability as venue for exchange of information between the students and the university. The respondents also recommended ways to improve the communication services.

Employability of Marine Engineering Graduates: A Tracer Study Wilfredo G. Gange John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. The study aimed to examine the number of CAR holder graduates employed in domestic and international vessels of a maritime university, specifically, John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Molo, Iloilo City, Philippines as a higher educational institution and the only maritime university in the South East Asia. This study used quantitative research design and survey instrument as a mode of data collection. The study discussed the percentage (%) of the marine engineering graduates employed in the domestic and international vessels. The researchers used the data given by the Office of OJT/SBT in order to determine the percentage (%) of employed graduates who were CAR holders of the College of Engineering, JBLFMU-Molo, Iloilo City, Philippines. Results revealed that the marine engineering CAR holders graduated from school year 2008-2009 to school year 2010-2011 had 25 (2.44%) cadets employed in domestic vessels out of 1023 graduates and 998 (97.56%) employed in international vessels.

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Integration of Video Clips in Science Lessons in Public Elementary School Ivor I. Ontoy Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. This study investigated the effects of video clips in the academic performance of public elementary school for the school year 2011-2012. The study was conducted to test the significant difference in the academic performance of public elementary pupils who were taught using conventional method of teaching with integration of video clips and those who were taught using conventional method of teaching without the integration of video clips instruction in science lessons. A quasi-experimental posttest design was used to conduct the study on 69 public elementary pupils of two intact classes. A validated researcher-made 30item achievement test was used to measure the learning gained by both the experimental and the control group. The data were treated with mean, standard deviation and t-test for independent samples at 0.05 level of significance. It was found out that there is a significant difference in academic achievement public elementary pupils who were taught using conventional method of teaching with integration of video clips that had a very satisfactory academic performance compared to public elementary pupils who were taught in conventional method of teaching without integration of video clips. Therefore, integration of video clips in science lessons could enhance the academic achievement of the pupils.

Implicit Theories of Intellectual Giftedness among Elementary and Secondary School Teachers Involved in Fast-Learner Education Programs Therese June V. Aranas Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 2:51 – 3:10 p.m. This paper attempted to survey implicit theories that teachers in fast-learner programs have about the characteristics of intellectually gifted children. In the absence of valid and reliable tests, the teacher’s conceptions become a basis in identifying the intellectually gifted which leads to the provision of appropriate educational services that the student deserves. Teachers’ conceptions about positive and challenging characteristics in the cognitive, affective, social, creative, and physical domains were determined through a questionnaire answered by teachers of fast-learner programs in elementary and secondary schools. Significant relationships between the conceptions and conceiver variables were established employing multiple linear regression analysis. Results revealed that the teachers’ implicit theories lean more toward positive characteristics in all domains. Teachers had difficulty imagining the intellectually gifted to have concomitant challenging problems related to asynchrony and potential problems related to twice exceptionality, particularly in the cognitive domain. Only conceptions of positive characteristics were significantly influenced by particular conceiver variables: cognitive characteristics by teaching experience (p=.028) and school affiliation (p=.022); affective characteristics by teaching experience (p=.031); and, creative characteristics by teacher’s age (p=.009), educational attainment (p=.038), teaching experience (p=.002) and school affiliation (p=.002). Teachers’ implicit theories, skewed toward the positive characteristics, are thus individually-determined and environmentally-influenced. This is in congruence with conclusions of similar studies.

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Multi Mouse Mischief Lessons for Elementary Science Edna E. Miranda Mindanao University of Science and Technology Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 3:11 – 3:30 p.m.

This study involved the designing, developing, validating and revising Multi Mouse Mischief Lessons for Elementary Science. The topics in the Lessons Classification of Animals According to the Food they Eat, Major Groups of Animals, Coral Reefs, Destruction of Coral Reefs and Photosynthesis were carefully chosen based on the Philippine Elementary Learning Competencies (PELC) and the result of the needs-assessment survey conducted. The following are the stages in constructing the lessons: pre-development stage, development stage, and post-development stage. The validation was done through an evaluation by a panel of experts on the lessons’ content and content accuracy, clarity and appropriateness and the revisions were carefully constructed in accordance to the comments and suggestions by the experts, evaluation by the prospective teacher-users and feedback from the sample pupils. The findings of the study revealed that the Multi Mouse Lessons met the criteria on content and content accuracy, clarity and appropriateness as evaluated by the panel of experts furthermore, indicated that the developed lessons were valid and contain activities that can enhance the features of Multi Mouse Mischief; collaboration, engagement and active peer learning and can be used as supplementary instructional materials to help teachers in delivering the Science concepts towards the pupils.

Added Cognitive Burden or Interest: Effect of Enhancement in Learning from Slide Lesson Presentation in Authentic Classroom Setting Cesar T. Medula, Jr cesar.medula@smu.edu.ph St. Mary’s University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. Multimedia technology is providing educators great potentials to improve teaching and learning. For the past decade or so, the use of slide lesson presentation, which is a form of multimedia, of various self-motivated designs has significantly increased in almost every local authentic classroom setting without significant scholarly examination of their real effects on student learning. The purpose of this empirical study is to look at the tangible impact of added enhancements in the form of interesting yet conceptually unrelated clip arts and sound effects on student learning as well as in terms of overall instructional efficiency. One hundred thirty five nonscience major university students enrolled in three introductory physics classes served as the subjects of the study. Relevant data were collected through online standardized materials and researcher-made paper and pencil tests. Retention and transfer tests were used to quantify student learning. Subsequently, learning performance and mental effort as a measure of cognitive load during instruction were utilized to assess overall instructional efficiency. Findings revealed that the use of enhancements could lead to better retention and transfer but exceedingly comparable overall instructional efficiency. This suggests that in commonplace classroom settings, interest may mitigate if not eliminate the negative effects of remarkable although conceptually irrelevant multimedia elements.

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Day 3 August 24, 2012

The Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) Program in Philippine Schools: Basis for Technical Intervention JOSE E. SALVADOR Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Tokyo A Stream: Education, Business and Management 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. The study described and analyzed the status of technology and livelihood education (TLE) program as basis for technical intervention. Specifically, these identified the competence level of teachers handling TLE, appropriate teaching strategies and problems encountered in teaching TLE and training needs of teachers. The study used descriptive survey. General findings revealed that TLE teachers have an average of 15 years experience in teaching made them master their craft. The competence level based on the self rating of TLE teachers in terms of content, skills and knowledge was proficient with few basic and below basic ratings that needs training in clothing and textile and beauty care. Moreover, most of the industrial arts teachers were highly proficient specifically in electronics and radio mechanics both delivery of lessons, behavior in actual teaching and content skills and knowledge. In terms of teaching strategies used, TLE teachers applied demonstration and return demonstration in imparting knowledge and skills to students and employ performance rubrics of assessment to ensure quality transfer of skills. The study identified major concerns among the teachers that financial support is the main reason for less participation of secondary schools during the skills competition.

Fungal Associated with Decay of Some Philippine Dipterocarps and Its Ecological Functions and Significance at Mt. Makiling, Laguna Philippines Edwin R. Tadiosa National Museum of the Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 10:20 – 10:40 a.m. This study endeavored to document some of the fungal species affecting Philippine dipterocarps in Mt. Makiling. Collection of macroscopic fungi was conducted in five selected sites. A 1-2 km transect line was laid out per site and four 10 x 10 m2 quadrat sampling plots were established to determine existing fungi. These fungi were quantified using ecological parameters such as density, frequency, diversity and evenness value. Twentyseven species of macrofungi belonging to fifteen genera were found associated with dipterocarps. These were characterized morphologically and anatomically prior to identification. The Ganoderma, Microporus, Auricularia, Fomes and Polyporus species dominated the study areas. Among the dipterocarp host species, white lauan (Shorea contorta) has a wide range of fungal association. Decay capacity test on heartwood and sapwood using inoculants was conducted in the laboratory on four dipterocarp species. Weight loss in percent, and absorbability of water in grams after 20 weeks of incubation were measured and compared. These fungi are commonly considered harmful organisms that cause great economic losses in wood. Nevertheless, they could be beneficial to the ecosystem. This permits the growth of young, vigorous trees and thereby, play an integral role in maintaining the dynamic and ever-changing nature of the forests.

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The Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Brown Alga (Padina australis) Hauck Crude Extract Ranel C. Larino & Daisy Malingin Southwestern University Cebu City, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 10:41 – 11:00 a.m. The study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Padina australis Hauck crude extract. The essential components of the brown algae was obtained by ethanolic extraction and analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Silica gel plates. The antibacterial activities of the algal extract at different concentrations were determined using the Kirby Bauer Method and were expressed as zone of inhibition. The algal extract showed to have antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The antioxidant activity of the algal extract was determined using the methods of inhibition on DPPH Free Radical. The antioxidant effects of the extract at different concentrations were compared with standard antioxidant, such as Ascorbic Acid. The algal extract was found to be active in the decolorization of Methanolic-DPPH solution and scavenging the free radical. The antibacterial and antioxidant activities could be attriuted to the presence of different secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, and carotenoids and the mechanism of action might be due to their individual or collective participation. The experimental findings envisaged P. australis extract as a good candidate in developing new antibacterial and antioxidant agents.

Root Crops Processing System for Diversified Food Products Leila S. Moscoso University of Southern Mindanao Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 11:01 – 11:20 a.m. Processing systems for food products derived from yacon and tugui were tested for consumer acceptance and market viability. Physical and chemical analyses to determine sensory and quality attributes of said commodities were conducted at the College of Human Ecology and Food Sciences, University of Southern of Mindanao, Kabacan, North Cotabato. Fermentation was found ideal for yacon products such as pickles (plain, dill, and relish), juice; sugar concentrates such as syrup, jam, conserve, and dried yacon; preserves and fruit mix. Yacon extract was likewise tried as a base for mild soap. Tugui, on the other hand, was rated an excellent substitute for ube in jam and pastillas preparation; fairly good in chips and fries; and good substitute to flourbased products such as muffins, biscuits, and pancakes. Moreover, toasted tugui flour prepared as beverage in combination with cocoa powder (tugui-cocoa drink) was acceptable. It was likewise suitable as an extender for fruit jams (e.g. durian). Frozen products like ice cream also showed very promising results. Shelf-life was determined: bottled products lasted six (6) to nine (9) months; baked products up to 12 days for biscuits and eight (8) days for muffins.

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Day 3 August 24, 2012

Chemistry Achievement of Third Year High School Students in UbD Lessons Integrating Virtual Learning Approach Roldan B. Calapiz Mindanao University of Science and Technology, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 11:21 – 11:40 a.m. This study investigates the effectiveness of Virtual Laboratory Approach (VLA) in the Chemistry achievement of students. It also tested the significant difference in the academic achievement in chemistry between those in students in UbD lessons integrating VLA and those students in UbD lessons not integrating VLA. The subjects of the study were the third year level of a public high school for the SY: 2011-2012. Two sections of intact classes were randomly chosen. However, in the data analysis the students in the experimental group were paired with those students in the control group according to their age, sex and their final grade in Mathematics and Biology. The study used the Static-Group comparison in the analysis of data. The subjects were assigned to groups. The experimental group was exposed to VLA, and the control group was not exposed to VLA. UbD Lesson plans and Achievement Test were used as research instrument in the study. The data were treated with the mean, standard deviation, and t-test for independent sample at 0.05 level of significance. The experimental group performed better than the control group. The use of VLA as an instructional strategy helped the students learn more about the concepts in chemistry. There is a significant difference in the academic achievement levels of students as shown in the p-values.

Humanizing Chemistry Concepts through Drama Teresita V. De La Cruz Southern Luzon State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 1:00 – 1:20 p.m. This study was focused on the humanization of some chemistry concepts through drama as aided tool in teaching the subject. Some chemistry concepts that can be humanized were identified such as ; the free and uncombined carbon, the diamond, the graphite, DNA and RNA, and the carbohydrates. This study made used of the true experimental design involving two groups of third year high school students. Both the control and experimental groups were given the pretest. The experimental group was taught using the drama concepts in chemistry while the other group was subjected to traditional teaching. The two groups were given the post-test after the conduct of the experiment. The experimental group were asked to answer the questionnaire for the acceptability of the drama. The t-test was used to find out if there is a significant difference in the performance of the two groups in their scores in the pre-test and posttest while the weighted mean was applied to determine the acceptability of the drama. The findings revealed that the control group obtained a mean score of 11.13 in the pretest and a mean score of 18.32 in the posttest yielding a t-value of 10.69 at 0.01 level of significance. While the experimental group posted a mean score of 11.48 in the pretest and a mean score of 20.42 in the posttest with a value of 14.29 at 0.01 level of significance. A difference of 2.1 was obtained yielding a t-value of 2.25 which is significant at 0.05 level. This implied that the group taught using drama concepts performed better than the group taught the traditional method. It can be concluded that science concepts like chemistry can be humanized through drama and can be effective teaching aided tool in teaching science subjects.

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Assessment and Psychotherapeutic Techniques for Children with Cognitive and Behavioral Problem Anna Kathrina O. Watin University of Cebu, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 1:21 – 1:40 p.m. This paper presents actual cases that were handled by the proponent for the past years in her practice in child psychotherapy. Assessment procedures as well as psychotherapeutic techniques utilized will be detailed in each of the three presented cases. Leonor, a seven year old child assessed with mild mental retardation with features of mild autism. Behavioural problems include aggression, inattention, hyperactivity, sexual preoccupation and shouting of obscenities. Focus of the therapy includes her behavior of masturbating in public and grabbing the private parts of males that she would see. Jocelyn, a ten year old child assessed with mild mental retardation. Behavioural problems include excessive masturbation, withdrawal and extreme shyness, hiding her feces/waste in the cabinets. Third case is of Rolly, a ten year child assessed with Learning Disability, Mild Visual Impairment and Behavioral Problem. Rolly refused to go back to school. He manifested classic symptoms of delusional behaviour particularly of grandeur and persecution. He also projected various persona either in home, community and school. In some instances he would say that he is Batman, Pinoy Big Brother, Son Guko and others. This paper presents the various assessment and psychotherapeutic techniques utilized in the aforementioned cases such as play interview, motor skills assessment using dance/music, music, arts, movement, storytelling, finger play, dramatization, play and games.

Impact of Seafaring Lifestyle to the Family: The MAAP Seafarers’ Viewpoints Angelica M. Baylon Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 1:41 – 2:00 p.m. This is an exploratory study that presents the impact of the seafaring lifestyle to the seafarers and their family, the attractions/benefits of the seafaring career, the potential difficulties and problem areas and some coping strategies and sources of support from the family in ascertaining a healthy, secure and happy environment to the seafarer whether at home or at sea. The respondents are the MAAP instructors who volunatrily agreed to a structurd interview intended for this study

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Day 3 August 24, 2012

Geospatial Distribution of Distance Education Learners in UP Open University: Implications for Student Support Ricardo Bagarinao University of the Philippines - Open University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 2:01 – 2:20 p.m. Distance Education (DE) is a new field in education that is entirely separated from the standard, classroombased, classical instructional model. It is believed to attract geographically diverse learners. A time series enrolment data (2005-2010) of UPOU was categorized by province, and fed into a GIS-data analysis environment Visual analysis was conducted to analyze the temporal and spatial behavior of the data; identify major spatial units of students’ concentration; and extract the implications of this behavior on the development of student support system. Data were visualized as maps, tables, and graphs. Results indicate that enrolment in UPOU is increasing within the period of analysis, and enrolment data were widespread in 2005 but tend to aggregate in urban centers in the succeeding years. The increasing trend in enrolment data may be due to the convenience factor of online learning. On the other hand, the geospatial distribution patterns over time highlight the equity and accessibility issue, and the importance of mobile communication facilities as supplemental learning platforms. It is recommended that a mobile-learning environment that is equivalent to the online learning management system may be developed.

Development of a Wellness Education Program for Middle-Aged Professionals of Lucban, Quezon Josephine Racelis Macaraan j_macaraan60@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 2:21 – 2:40 p.m. This study determines the health and lifestyle and fitness status of middle-aged professionals of Lucban, Quezon with an end view of developing an acceptable wellness education program. With the use of descriptive-normative type of research to gather data and interpret information from the respondents, the researcher purposively selected twenty middle-aged professionals from different barangays in Lucban, Quezon to be subjected on normative surveys through constructed questionnaire and E-Calc test. The findings of the study showed that on the lifestyle of the middle-aged professionals, the respondents were conscious with their physical health as indicated by 2.78 AWM and a descriptive rating of “Usually”; maintained a healthy; were emotionally stable and healthy. Moreover, most of the adults were found to be overweight; eating both healthy and fatty foods; had high body metabolism rate; and had positive energy balance as a result of their food habits, while majority of them were lightly active in terms of physical activity as indicated by the brisk walk they constantly execute as a form of exercise. In effect, a Wellness Education Program developed and tried out by the researcher was suitable to the lifestyle of the middle-aged professionals and its objectives, relevance, content, and appropriateness of its strategies used were highly acceptable.

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Assessment of Mangroves in Iloilo River Mylene S. Jainga St. Therese-MTC Colleges - La Fiesta Site, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 2:51 – 3:10p.m. Mangroves consisted of 22 species belonging to 10 families. Avecennia is dominant species thriving in 21 barangays. Only 22 barangays have existing mangroves currently threatened by accumulated rubbish from food establishments, wastes from hospitals and hotels, boat rumps, and infrastructure activities of private owners and other businesses. Mangrove growth was disturbed by unnecessary sediments and dredge materials suffocating the special roots receiving oxygen. Reassessment of mangroves consisted primarily of density determination. Of the 22 species, 21 were found in Brgy Sooc, district of Molo, while the rest of the species was dispersed in other barangays. Population densities of mangrove species revealed that Avicennia marina had the highest level and existed in 21 sampling sites. Other species with higher density included Nypa fruticans having economic value, followed by Rhizophora species. In terms dispersal in 21 barangays, Avicennia spp., Rhizophora spp., S. alba, N. fruticans, and E. agallocha were successfully dispersed, as indicated by their relative frequency, which could be considered pioneer dominant species along the Iloilo River. Based on the significant findings of the study, the well-considered suggestions include that the mangrove reforestation of selected barangays and protection of existing mangrove forests along the Iloilo River.

Culture Practices and Beliefs of Indigenous Peoples in Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur Melrose Sali-ot melrosesaliot@yahoo.com JH Cerilles State College-Dumingag Campus, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 3:11 – 3:30 This study was conducted to determine the cultural practices and beliefs of Indigenous Peoples in Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur. This study is a qualitative and ethnography. Triangulation method was utilized using direct participatory observational approach, informal or in depth interview and a focus group discussion. The study found out that majority of the Subanen Indigenous Peoples’ educational attainment are elementary level, and farming is their source of income. Most of their houses are made of weak materials. Subanens have several instruments and dances which are played and performed during gatherings and special occasions. They eat vegetables, root crops, and river foods to survive. They served/offered Pangasi (native wine) during gatherings and rituals. Their special skill is making of native products. The Gukom or Timuay is the highly respected leader of the tribal group and empowered to lead ceremonies and mediate or settle tribal problems and dispute. The Shaman (Suruhano) is also respected because of his capability to heal illness. He can see and talk with the supernatural beings. Subanens manifest many differences in terms of rituals and ceremonial celebrations. They have unique beliefs that are originated from their ancestors and have been preserved for a long time.

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Day 3 August 24, 2012

Indigenous Games in the Culture Festivals of Quezon Province: An Annotation and Analysis Victor C. Francia slsu_victorcladofrancia@yahoo.com Southern Luzon State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 3:31 – 3:50 p.m. Indigenous games are a native game performance in connection with collaboration, a feast, or a festival game that is common to a particular municipality. The study attempted to make an annotation and analysis of the indigenous games in the cultural festivals of Quezon Province. This sought to describe the different indigenous games in the cultural festivals of Quezon Province. This employed the documentary analysis which made use of documentation and annotation as tools in recording and describing the indigenous games. Respondents are the key informants who are the seven (7) event organizers, five (5) tourism officers, fifteen (15) previous players and twelve (12) town folks. They contributed much in the gathering data. Interviews with the key informants were conducted to clarify unclear parts or points of the video tape on indigenous games and for the values acquired/developed the games. Still photos, latest recorded videos and actual observations were also used to analyze the indigenous games. The researcher found out that there were twelve (12) festivals in Quezon and there were five (5) municipalities who had twenty one (21) indigenous games competitions in their festivities such as: Pahiyas Festival of Lucban, Mayohan Sa Tayabas, Bagakay “Agawan” Festival of Sariaya, Araw ng Candelaria and Maubanog Festival of Mauban. Data were taken from the tourism officers and event organizers to seek further information about the festival and indigenous games. After getting a copy of the videotape, this was carefully viewed several times. The researcher identified and listed different skills and values inherent in the games. The instructional package developed shall be a useful source for instructional and other purposes.

Academe and Industry Collaboration: Key to More Competent Officers? Geneva M. Eler John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University-Arevalo Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 3:51 – 4:10 p.m. This descriptive-quantitative-qualitative research looks into the level of work performance on board among the graduates of a maritime university. It also looked into what skills and qualities the graduates need in order to conform to the demands of the shipping and manning industry. It further sought to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the academic curricular and co-curricular programs of the university in order to meet the standards of the industry. The participants of the study were the company representatives, crewing and personnel managers from the 19 shipping and manning companies in the Philippines. It utilized a validated survey instrument in gathering quantitative data. The interview and focused group discussion (FGD) were utilized in gathering the qualitative data. The quantitative data showed that the over-all performance of the graduates was rated very good workers by the participants of the study. The graduates have no attitude problems and they are well adjusted with their life on board and that they can easily get along with co-workers. This was affirmed by the very good rating on teamwork. The graduates have good potential for leadership, strong work ethics, and can be relied upon whenever they are assigned to do a particular task. Despite the positive results obtained in the quantitative data collected, the qualitative data showed otherwise.

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A Micro-Ethnography of the Dawak: Healing Rituals of the Kalingas Jessie Grace Sannadan Martin Kalinga Apayao State College, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 4:11 – 4:30 p.m. This micro-ethnography aimed to describe the ritual categories of the Dawak of the Kalingas. A thick description of these ritual categories is presented using the ethnographic data gathered and inferred from the researchers’ view. A Methodological Triangulation was employed in this study using the developmental research sequence (DRS) by asking ethnographic questions from key informants, causal and informal conversations with other participants, collecting and analyzing field notes of what people do, know and the things they made and used which they shared as a community. This study tried to elicit cultural patterns and their associated meanings from the actions, events, words and artifacts used by the participants. This study found that the purpose of the healing rituals and rites provide the avenues of opportunities for the transmission of values, beliefs and way of life. Through these symbolic expressions, sentiments were intensified and became a significant part in the life of the people belonging to this ethnic community. In fact they formed the anchor on which ways of life were built up and values transferred. In this age of globalization and liberalization, they are still significant and important at the very core of the ordinary lives of Kalingas in Tabuk City.

A Multipurpose Hydraulic Lifter, Ladder, transporter and Grain Pavement Collector for Postharvest Activities” A Patented No. 2-2010-000336 Romeo Seguban romeoseguban@yahoo.com Isabela State University, Philippines Venue: Tokyo B Stream: Ecology and Conservation, Science and Technology, and Social Science 4:31 – 4:50 This study was concentrated on the design, construction and testing the performance and revision of a multipurpose hydraulic lifting apparatus, ladder, transporting equipment and grain pavement collector, sfuited for post-harvest activities of the farmers particularly drying. This is a 4 in 1 apparatus utilized to lift and transport anything. Specifically, intended to lift and carry sacks of rice, corn and other grains with a maximum weight of 3,215.26748 lbs. It features a six feet boom galvanized iron (GI), 2 inches diameter scheduled @ 40, a hook and chain and 3x4 feet carrier. Moreover, to make the base movable, 8 inches roller bearings rotatable at 360 degrees are attached. Finally, an assembled grain pavement collector and scraper are assembled but detachable at the front portion which is designed to scrape the grain after drying in the solar dryer. The availability of this apparatus will also help the farmers lift and transport their agricultural products before and after drying. The apparatus can also be used as a ladder in painting ceiling, repairing electrical installations and roofing, etc. The research was conducted from January to March 2009 and granted a Patent No. 2-2010-000336 issued on July 4, 2010 by the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with the aid of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Region 02.The total fabrication is amounted to Php.9, 582.00. The project was constructed and tested at the RDET Department of Isabela State University-Ilagan Campus. The lifting apparatus was also tested to lift a 4k model engine, transmission and differential. Due to the good performance of the apparatus, it was rated highly feasible, functional, highly acceptable and affordable. However, the researcher recommended that it should be replicated for instructional purposes in automotive shops. Heavy duty hydraulic jack should be used in the construction of similar equipment. Larger pipes should be used for the parts; and further study should be conducted to come out with a better design of the apparatus.

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Day 3 August 24, 2012 Country Paper 1

Culture Consequences for Organizations: Focusing on Subcultures DR. DETELIN S. ELENKOV delenkov@angelo.edu Angelo State University The United States of America This paper takes a closer look at the social composition of Russia, focusing on six regions in this country: St. Petersburg/Leningrad oblast, Moscow/Moscow oblast, Pskov oblast, Ryazan oblast, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan. Four hypotheses regarding the cultural similarities and differences between these regions and their relation with preference for workplace rewards were developed and tested using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), discriminant function analysis (DSCRIM), Dunn’s multiple-comparison procedure, and Partial least squares (PLS) analyses. The current research project has distinguished the presence of three distinct Russian subcultures: Western (St. Petersburg/Leningrad oblast and Pskov oblast), Heartland (Moscow/ Moscow oblast and Ryazan oblast), and Muslim (Bashkortostan and Tatarstan). The study has also indicated that historical heritage, religion, language, and geographic region constituted relevant criteria for clustering social cultures/subcultures. In addition, the results have suggested that subcultures in Russia appear to be differentially related with preferences for workplace rewards: the Western Russian subculture favors monetary compensation and benefits; the Muslim subculture shows preference for social rewards and status rewards; and the Heartland Russian subculture values status rewards. Conclusions for cross-cultural research and multinational business practice have been presented at the end.

Country Paper 2

Learning with ICT - Multidisciplinary Challenges EKATERINA PRASOLOVA-FØRLAND ekaterip@idi.ntnu.no, Leif.Hokstad@svt.ntnu.no Program for learning with ICT (LIKT) Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway Learning with ICT is essentially a multidisciplinary research area. It provides a meeting place between a variety of scientific areas, ranging from ICT to the social sciences, where pedagogic and didactic traditions are of particular relevance. In our talk, we will present a number of multidisciplinary projects at the Program for Learning with ICT (LIKT) at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). LIKT has through its projects conducted research that points to transverse traits of development that can give new insight into the complex relationship between learning and technology. These projects include:Virtual Campus and Virtual Research Arena of NTNU; CAMO: Cultural Awareness in Military Operations; TARGET: Transformative, Adaptive, Responsive and enGagingEnvironmenT for corporate learning; ‘Eidsvoll 1814’: reconstructing adoption of the Norwegian Constitution in 1814 in Second Life; Travel in Europe: European cities as 3D educational games; FABULA: city as an arena for learning. Drawing on these examples we will discuss the termsinterdisciplinarity, multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity, and show how these reflect various points of departure and goals for the meeting between disciplines. We will exemplify through these projects the complex nature of thechallenges and opportunities that require the interchange of knowledge and methods between disciplines.

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Country Papers Country Paper 3

Large-scale validation of 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics for Two-Phase Transient Flow in a Channel DR. STAMATIS KALOGERAKOS s.kalogerakos@cranfield.ac.uk Cranfield University United Kingdom Severe limitations of the use of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics codes (CFD) arise when trying to simulate multiphase flow in long pipes. An alternative is to use a two-dimensional CFD code based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model. In this paper a novel method is introduced that allows swift simulations of pipeline two-phase flow in the stratified and slug flow regime, by approximating the pipe as a channel and with a methodology that solves the problem of the interfacial velocity differences, inherent in the volume of fluid model. A mathematical validation was initially carried out using the wave growth problem, consisting in the introduction of a sine wave perturbation in the channel and measuring the wave growth rate. Subsequently a set of 92 experimental cases in the slug flow regime was simulated with 2D CFD, and the simulation results showed a good agreement with experimental results. Discussions in the paper include also the question of the range of applicability for 2D CFD, and the advantages and disadvantages compared to 3D CFD.

Country Paper 4

Disillusionment in Wole Soyinka's The Interpreters Dr. Al-Assad Omar alomar@ksu.edu.sa King Saud University Saudi Arabia This paper examines disillusionment in Wole Soyinka's The Interpreters in order to trace commitment in African literature in English, and to discern Soyinka's literary achievement in The Interpreters. The Interpreters contains Soynika's satire and overt indignation against the public thieves, hypocrites, apostates, snobs, cunning leaders and overt-credulous followers. In the post-colonial Nigeria of The Interpreters, bribery and corruption are a way of life. These themes are portrayed by the characters in the novel, who can be classified according to the prominence of their development, role, and activities in the novel. On this ground, the five friends called the "interpreters" become of central importance to the novel, while the politicians and other intelligentsia constitute the establishment which the interpreters are pitched. Thus, his The Interpreters is a novel about the disorientation of values- about corruption, hypocrisy, tension, insecurity, frustration, and its attendant search for meaning values. By the combination of not only registering protest, but simultaneously contesting neo-colonial structures through counterhegemonic narratives of liberation, Soyinka transforms the novel form into a potential instrument for the regeneration of positive social values.

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World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Country Papers Country Paper 5

Significant Discoveries in the Asian Journal of Biodiversity Lesley Casas Lubos, Ph.D. Associate Research Director Liceo Mindanao Center for Biodiversity and Conservation Editor-in-Chief, Asian Journal of Biodiversity, RPO Liceo de Cagayan University, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines The paper highlights some of the significant discoveries published in the Asian Journal of Biodiversity (AJOB). The gradual metamorphic development of the three journals leads to its being indexed in the Thomson Reuters Master Journal List (ISI). Some of the significant discoveries featured in the journal are the diversity and status of butterflies across vegetation types of Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental, Philippines. In this expedition, researchers discovered a high level of species diversity of butterflies and the presence of three site endemic species in the mountain leading to the conclusion that the place is significant for conservation. Also featured is the status of plant biodiversity in Mt. Malarayat. The botanical expedition led the researchers to discover a secondary forest threatened by anthropogenic inputs like improper extraction of forest products and the introduction of invasive species and land conversion. Other featured study is plant species diversity and endemism at DihangDibang Biosphere Reserve and its surroundings, the Eastern Himalaya Biodiversity Hotspot. In this research, a high percentage of species endemism in the sites investigated was discovered. In a study on species richness, distribution, and status of mosses in selected mountains in Mindanao, Philippines, new records of mosses were found. The study on the distribution of anuran species in Loboc Watershed of Bohol Island, Philippines, four threatened species of anurans under IUCN was discovered. Habitat features were found to be crucial factor in the distribution and existence of anurans. Threats like slash-and-burn agriculture, conversion of forest into agricultural land, small-scale logging, and several other reasons like poverty and ignorance of biodiversity were also discovered. There are more significant discoveries featured in the Asian Journal of Biodiversity. To better understand the Asia’s biodiversity and conservation status, researchers continue to work on other unexplored areas to make new discoveries. Such discoveries will increase our working knowledge and understanding of certain areas of Asia’s biodiversity that are threatened. Thus, by utilizing the knowledge acquired from such discoveries, we can develop new and better conservation strategies. The Journal is open to the global community of scholars and it is a premier journal that publishes peer-reviewed biodiversity researches. Publishable research articles embrace new discoveries in species diversity, ecological diversity, genetic diversity, and biodiversity education which provide new information necessary to preserve, address, and protect the faunal and floral richness of Asian and other neighboring Pacific regions.The primary criterion for publication in the Asian Journal of Biodiversity is the significance of the discoveries that contribute to growing body of knowledge. Such discoveries shed light to what the future needs as far as biodiversity and conservation are concerned.

World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines • ISSN: 2094-9529

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World Research Festival 2012 Marco Polo Plaza, Cebu City, Philippines â&#x20AC;˘ ISSN: 2094-9529

Philippine Association of Institutions For Research (PAIR)

Agusan del Sur School of Arts and Trade Aklan State University Asian College of Science and Technology Bataan Peninsula State University Bohol Island State University Brokenshire College Bukidnon State University Capitol University Carlos Hilado Memorial State College Cebu Normal University Central Mindanao University Cor Jesu College Davao Central College Davao Doctors College Father Saturnino Urios University Holy Cross of Davao College Holy Name University Iligan Medical Center College John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation – Bacolod John B. Lacson Colleges Foundation –Arevalo John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University Jose Rizal Memorial State University La Consolacion College – Bacolod La Salle University Liceo de Cagayan University Lyceum of the Philippines University Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific Mindanao Sanitarium and Hospital College of Medical Arts Foundation, Inc. Mindanao University of Science and Technology Misamis University Mountain View College Notre Dame of Dadiangas University Notre Dame of Kidapawan College Notre Dame of Marbel University Our Lady of Fatima University Pampanga Agricultural College Romblon State University Saint Joseph Institute of Technology San Pedro College Southern Christian College Surigao del Sur State University Surigao Education Center Surigao State College of Technology Universidad de Zamboanga University of Bohol University of Mindanao University of Northern Philippines University of San Jose Recoletos University of the Cordilleras University of the Immaculate Conception Wesleyan University Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan University of Cebu