[innovation]
[johnson wax building] by frank lloyd wright [4-11]
caitlyn lyle
[the jewish museum berlin] by daniel libeskind [12-19]
weston willard
[maxxi] by zaha hadid architects [20-27]
ebony goode
[tree house] by mount fuji architects [28-35]
abigail buchanan
[burj khalifa] by skidmore, owings, and merrill [36-43]
carlie blake
[johnson wax building] by frank lloyd wright | caitlyn lyle
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[commencement] Built in Racine, Wisconsin in 1939 by Frank Lloyd Wright, The Johnson Wax Building is a very innovative and controversial building for it’s time. Frank Lloyd Wright used new materials, such as glass tubing, cork insulation, and sculptural cement to make the workplace an experience rather than a chore.
Frank Lloyd Wright also integrated things that have never been seen before, such as, rounded edges, curved walls, and mushroom columns. This further implicated the workplace as a more aesthetically pleasing, and enjoyable, environment.
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[methodology]
The structure is mainly composed of these mushroom columns, that are made of cement, wire mesh, and cork insulation. Other main materials in the building include over 200 kinds of brick and Pyrex glass tubing. This structures features, such as the integrated furniture and columns, are also very unique to Frank Lloyd Wright and to the building itself, which is laid in a grid pattern. Also, the circulation of the building reflects the operations of the building itself, it’s free-flowing, yet has a center to it as well.
The Johnson Wax Building has overhead lighting, as well as clerestory windows filtered by the glass tubing to allow a soft light to come into the office space. This creates the comfortable atmosphere that Herbert Johnson wanted in his building and for his employees. This building is also a very prominent building on the site, which still holds the legacy that it is today.
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[culmination]
“What is architecture anyway? Is it the vast collection of the various buildings which have been built to please the varying taste of the various lords of mankind? I think not. No, I know that architecture is life; or at least it is life itself taking form and therefore it is the truest record of life as it was lived in the world yesterday, as it is lived today or ever will be lived. So architecture I know to be a Great Spirit....Architecture is that great living creative spirit which from generation to generation, from age to age, proceeds, persists, creates, according to the nature of man, and his circumstances as they change...
...Thatis really is really ...That ararchitecture.” chitecture.” -Frank Lloyd Wright. from Bruce Brooks -Frank Lloydand Wright. from Bruce Brooks PfeiPfeiffer Gerald Nordland, ed. Frank fferLloyd and Wright: Gerald Nordland, ed.of Frank In the Realm Ideas. Lloyd p7. Wright: In the Realm of Ideas. p7.
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[the jewish museum berlin] by daniel libeskind | weston willard
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[commencement] The Jewish Museum Berlin, or “between the lines” as its architect Daniel Libeskind first called it, is a museum honoring victims of the holocaust. The museum is located in the heart of Berlin, Germany, and actually consists of two buildings. The original building was built in 1933, which one has to walk through first in order to get to the newest one, which was built in 1999 and which is the one focused on here. Libeskind’s design creates an unforgettable dark and intense experience for it’s audience.
Once in the old museum, one travels through an underground hallway leading to the new museum. The above image shows what is viewed at the end of the hallway. The to the right show the movement through the museum.
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[methodology]
Through analysis of the building and to help further understand it’s structure and design, i’ve built and made models representing: unit to whole, circulation to use, building to site, and structure to enclosure. The images on the left are of the physical model. The image to the right shows unit to whole, with the units being empty voids found throughout the building.
“Only through acknowledgment of the erasure and void of Jewish life can the history of Berlin and Europe have a human future.” - Daniel Libeskind
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[culmination]
To provide meaningful architecture is not to parody history but to articulate it. - Daniel Libeskind
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[ maxxi ] by zaha hadid architects |ebony goode
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[commencement] Maxxi is a new museum of contemporary art in the heart of Rome. Positioned on the site of the former Montello military barracks, Maxxi is a twisting mass of concrete and steel. Built as five structures in one, it is meant to house new contemporary art and historical architecture that Rome is known for.
Maxxi is several units, it was built to be a series of buildings rather than just one structure. It is five structures in one. As guests venture through the long hallways and staircases, there are twists and corners that correspond with the intersections of the different structures opening and coming together.
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[methodology]
The site of the museum has opened up an urban pathway which was once blocked by military barracks. Zaha Hadid worked with the limited space and designed a complex that has many twists and turns. Expanding where more room on the landscape is available, and subtracting where land is limited.
The structure of Maxxi is made of concrete, glass and steel. It has a natural lighting system made possible byy a complex series of concrete beams and glass panels. There is also a comlex system of pulleys and levers hidden by the walls, for moving and rearanging display walls within the museum.
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[culmination]
“It’s a great honour to receive the award. I means so much to me” -Zaha Hadid after receiving the RIBA Stirling Prize for Maxxi in 2010
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[tree house] by mount fuji architects | abigail buchanan
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[commencement] The Tree House, designed by Mount Fuji Architects in Tokyo, sits on a modest 1,744 square foot lot closely surrounded by houses on all four sides. The 4 foot column acts as the main support from which 32 branch like frames extend to create this unique structure. This tree inspired house has four main rooms that flow around the center column and look out onto a small deck. There are no interior walls seperating the main four rooms, but each room has an 8 inch level change differentiating it from the other spaces.
1 2 3 4 5
loft space loft space entrance storage bathroom
6 kitchen 7 living room 2 8 living room 1 9 bedroom 10 terrace
5 1
9
8
6
7
2 4 3
10
south elevation
west elevation
north elevation
east elevation
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5
1
1 2 3 4
loft space bathroom bedroom roof terrace
5 loft space 6 living room 1 7 terrace
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7
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[methodology] Each of the 32 beams are made from laminated veneer lumber. The model to the right is a representation of one beam in relation to the center column. The model below is a closer look at one beam, showing the different layers of the laminated veneer lumber.
Another unique characteristic of this home is the roof that slopes in a downward spiral and can be accessed by a set of stairs outside. Additionally, the center column is hollow and funnels rainwater to an underground drainpipe.
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[culmination] The owners of the Tree House have a particular love for nature and wanted their home to recreate that magical atmosphere that is found underneath the branches of a tree.
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[burj khalifa] by skidmore, owings, and merrill | carlie blake
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[commencement] At the height of 2,717ft, Burj Khalifa is the tallest man-made structure ever built. It is located in the man-made islands of Dubai in the Middle East. The architectural structure was designed by Skidmore, Owings, Merrill, and Smith. Includes commercial, residential, and hotel purposes. The building has not yet finished full construction due to the financial crisis still occuring. The design of the Hymenocallis flower (below) was the main inspiration for the “Y� shaped structure. The hotel is composed of three elements arranged around a central core, purposefully layed out to maximize the views of the Persian Gulf.
There are 160 habitable floors and 46 maintenance levels in the spire, along with 2 parking levels in the basement. There are various observation decks throughout the hotel, and sky lobbies on the 43rd and 76th floors house swimming pools. The first 108 floors contain 900 private residential apartments, corporate offices and suites filling most of the remaining floors, along with an Atmosphere restaurant, sky loby, and indoor and outdoor observation decks. 39
[methodology] Constructed inside the hotel is a telescopic steel spire which serves as the main internal support. The hand-drawn diagram (right) along with the image describing the actual construction process (right, below) help explain how the spire is jacked up by a hydraulic pump. The model below reveals the location of the spire in relation to the “Y� shaped structure. The main material used to construct the hotel were concrete, steel, and glass. There are 330,000 cubic meters of concrete and 31,400 metric tones of steel rebar were used in the foundation. The exterior cladding, along with designed by rotating the building, the structure is protected by the strong winds and summer heat.
The Palm Islands are artificial islands constructed in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, where there are both commericial and residential infrastructures. Each settlement of the three islands is in the shape of a palm tree and will house various hotels, apartments, villas, restaurants, water theme parks, marinas, shopping malls, sports facilities, and health spas. The building to site diagram (above) along with the unit to whole model (left) show the hotel in relation to the surrounding islands of Dubai.
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[culmination]
These perspective drawings reveal how the various lobbies of the hotel will look like. Since the structure is still under construction due to financial issues, there are not many images of the interior shown to the public. Materials
include glass, stainless steel, and polished dark stones. The interior also features Silver Travertine flooring, Venetian stucco walls, handmade rugs, stone flooring and dark, precise Brazilian Santos Rosewood.
“We build for years to come…We must have hope and optimism.” -Mr. Alabbar
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[bibliography] Lipman, Jonathan. Frank Lloyd Wright and The Johnson Wax Buildings. Dover Publications, 2003 http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Johnson_Wax_Building.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_Wax_Headquarters
Libeskind, Daniel. Jewish Museum Berlin: Between the Lines. New York: Prestal Publishing, 1999 http://www.jmberlin.de/main/Kratzbilder/Hintergrundbilder-Unterseiten/SAusstellungen.jpg http://image02.webshots.com/2/3/3/89/94730389JrRiDI_fs.jpg http://www.mimoa.eu/images/2193_I.jpg http://q2xro.blogspot.com http://www.ribajournal.com http://www.arcspace.com/architects/hadid/maxxi2/maxxi2.html http://architecture-yes.blogspot.com http://www.archdaily.com/70334/tree-house-mount-fuji-architects-studio/ http://www.dezeen.com/2010/08/03/tree-house-by-mount-fuji-architects-studio/ Pollock, Naomi R. “Grounded in Nature.” Architectural Record Apr. 2010: 82-85. Web.
http://dummidumbwit.wordpress.com/2010/06/28/burj-dubai-worlds-tallest-building/ http://www.burjdubaiskyscraper.com/facts.html http://www.bukisa.com/articles/88433_worlds-highest-building-burj-dubai
[biography] Analyzed by Caitlyn Lyle
Analyzed by Weston Willard
Analyzed by Ebony Goode
Analyzed by Abigail Buchanan
Analyzed by Carlie Blake