Flyer 23

Spring in ze spring!

Make you on ze socks; dead pants is over!

EDITORIAL

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, ich freue mich, dass ihr auch diesen Flyer lest. Diese Frühlings Ausgabe ist dem Thema Kreativität gewidmet. Was genau ist Kreativität und wie entsteht sie? Und was hat das Ganze mit Sprachen zu tun? Ich hoffe, dass wir euch darauf Antworten geben können.

Meinen herzlichen Glückwunsch möchte ich Prof. Walter Lorenz aussprechen, der als Rektor der Freien Universität Bozen für weitere 4 Jahre bestätigt wurde.

Am 17. Mai wird Prof. Esposito an die Freie Universität Bozen kommen. Prof. Esposito ist Professor an der Grenoble School of Management und Mitglied der Fakultät an der Harvard University Extension School. Im März veröffentlichte er in der Harvard Business Review Italien einen Artikel über die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit Europas. Genau darüber wird er in einem interaktivem Vortrag mit uns Studenten reden. Ihr werdet über die genaueren Details noch rechtzeitig informiert.

Auch die I&CT arbeitet ständig an neuen Projekten. In Kürze wird ein weiteres fertiggestellt und ihr könnt davon profitieren.

Nun wünsche ich euch noch viel Spaß beim Lesen.

Euer Maximilian

Kreativität Ist das kreativ?

Nochmals die Frage: Kunst? Kreativ?

...

(Es geht um die Punkte) Als Erzeuger dieser drei Punkte kann ich mit Sicherheit sagen: Nein. In diesen drei Punkten steckt natürlich nicht einmal annähernd so viel Kreativität, um es als Kunst zu betiteln.

Wie sieht es mit diesem Foto aus?

Gut. Das Foto an sich ist sicherlich nicht unansprechend. Könnte man hier schon Kunst vermuten?

Hätte man das Foto ein paar Stunden früher aufgenommen, sicher. Zu dem Zeitpunkt nämlich, als die Gemälde noch nicht aus ihren Rahmen entwendet worden waren.

Haarspalterisch könnte man bemerken auch hier finde man Kreativität. Mit Hinblick auf die Seele, die dieses symmetrische Arrangement getroffen hat.

Und der Fotograf natürlich...

Andererseits ertappt man sich doch dabei, dieses Foto in die Schublade der modernen Kunst geradezu zu schleudern.

(Pardon an alle Experten.)

Nun. Man muss sicherlich einige Kreativität besitzen, um das, was auf diesem Foto abgebildet ist als „Werk“ zu bezeichnen. Aber es ist zur Ehrenrettung des Künstlers zu sagen, dass hier in seinem Werk „Quadrat“ kein Quadrat zu sehen ist.

Man kann jetzt lange über Kunst streiten, ich will mir nicht anmaßen hier einen wirklich qualifizierten Beitrag leisten zu können.

Dinge die einen Menschen berühren können Kunst sein, oder auch andere Dinge. Die Übergänge sind sicher fließend. Was ich mir bei dem Quadrat denke, vielleicht der Künstler auch, ist, dass moderne Kunst auch deshalb moderne Kunst ist, weil sie den konservativen Ansatz der Kunst, etwas schöpferisch aus verschiedensten Materialien zu gestalten übersteigt. Hier ist nicht nur die Kreativität des Künstlers, sondern auch vermehrt die Kreativität des Betrachters gefordert. Die Aussage über die Punkte am Anfang des Artikels kann also revidiert werden. Oder?

Julius Broich

Mehrsprachigkeit Monikielisyyden als uppspretta Quelle von come iš Kreativität? креативности?

Für uns Studenten an der Universität Bozen ist die Sprachvielfalt von besonderer Relevanz.

Nicht nur, dass inzwischen ein immer höheres Niveau der einzelnen Sprachen verlangt wird, auch unzählige Tests, die dieses Wissen belegen sollen, erschweren uns den Alltag. Manch einer kann dadurch die Lust auf das Erlernen neuer Sprachen verlieren. Dennoch sollte man die Vorteile, die durch Mehrsprachigkeit entstehen, nicht unterschätzen. „In den letzten Jahren sind Kreativität und Innovation rund um den Globus verstärkt in den Mittelpunkt der Aufmerksamkeit gerückt.“ (Zitat: Studie der europäischen Kommission). Innerhalb dieser Studie der EU aus dem Jahr 2009 wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Mehrsprachigkeit und Kreativität im Sozial- und Arbeitsleben untersucht. Alle neurowissenschaftlichen Studien zu diesem Thema sind noch relativ jung, bis dato konnten deshalb keine exakten, kausalen Zusammenhänge gezogen werden. Allerdings hat sich auch das Kompetenzsprachenzentrum der Universität Bozen mit diesem Thema beschäftigt und deutliche Ergebnisse erzielt. Diese zeigen einen konkreten Zusammenhang zwischen Mehrsprachigkeit und Kreativität auf.

Wenn man einmal sich selbst und seine Sprachfähigkeiten betrachtet, kommt man schnell zu dem Schluss, dass das Beherrschen mehrerer Sprachen nicht nur die mentale Flexibilität, sondern auch die eigene Auffassungsgabe und die Fähigkeit, Probleme zu lösen, erhöht. Auch auf sozialer, also zwischenmenschlicher Ebe-

ne, lassen sich solche Vorteile feststellen. „Die Kenntnis von mehr als einer Sprache verweist auf die Erweiterung bestimmter Arten von Kompetenz.“ Damit gemeint sind verschiedene Fähigkeiten aus allen Lebensbereichen. Diese Fähigkeiten beziehen sich nicht nur auf das Reproduzieren sondern auch, und vor allem auf das Produzieren von neuen, andersartigen und individuellen Ideen und Konzepten. Unser aller kreatives Potenzial wird durch Mehrsprachigkeit gefördert und dies wiederum kann einem einen erheblichen Vorsprung innerhalb der globalisierten Welt verschaffen. Keine Generation vor uns musste sich neuen Bedingungen, wie Kulturen und Technologien, so schnell anpassen. Aus einer breiten Masse hervorzustechen, wird dadurch schwieriger denn je. Aber mit einer soliden Sprachausbildung und daraus resultierender Kreativität, sind wir diesem Ziel schon ein großes Stück näher.

Uni Bozen – 3 Sprachen – interkulturelles Umfeld. Was will man mehr?!

In diesem Sinne: „lamentiert“ euch nicht weiter, sucht euch lieber einen schnuckligen Tandempartner!

Lea Hauser & Anna-Lucia Blum

Brain& creativity

Filling the ______ between a good use and a scarce knowledge The common view of the brain considers it as split into two hemispheres, each controlling different sides of the behaviour. Namely, the left hemisphere (LH) is thought to deal with rational, analytic and logical processing, whereas the right one is linked to metaphorical, aesthetic and emotional issues. Hence, creativity is likely to be associated to the right hemisphere (RH) while, according to this view, the LH should be inhibited because its rigid structure hinders the creative process.

Even though these considerations are wrong, most people likely share them and may also apply them to other deductions (i.e.: “if they’re so separated, then their integration would lead to a good outcome!”). In the last 2-3 decades, several neuroscientific techniques were developed (fMRI, TMS, PET, NIRS1,..) and this allowed the creation of finegrained description and models of the brain from both anatomical and functional perspectives.

Anatomically, the central nervous system can be separated into three parts: the hindbrain (cerebellum, pons and medulla oblungata), the midbrain, and the forebrain (which includes the two hemispheres – connected by means of the corpus callosum – diencephalon, thalamus and hypothalamus). Regions of the hindbrain are responsible for equilibrium and movement coordination, for the conduction of sensory information and for the control of autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. The forebrain is in charge for all the higher functions such as perception, memory, reasoning, speech and motor control.

Although the main view (proposed by Broadmann) considers the brain organized as a puzzle of several discrete regions, the partition into modules is not a suitable representation of brain functioning.

Brain is organized in networks: cell assemblies and circuits describe, respectively, a local and a remote way to connect neurons. Knowledge is not coded into a one-to-one schema (the famous “Grandmother cell”, indicating that one neuron corresponds to a discrete piece of information), but it emerges from the state-activity relationship of a population of neurons. That is, imagine an orchestra (without any homunculus-director!) in which the melody emerges from the behaviour of all the

instruments that, in turn, may be playing or silent.

An instrument can be synchronized either with the ones in the neighbourhood or with another group on the other side of the stage.

Sensorial regions receive information from the senses, and elaborate it by spreading the activation to more “multi-purposes” associative regions.

These associative regions (in temporal, parietal and frontal lobes) are heavily interconnected, conducting information back and forth at a high speed of processing. For example: it takes around 300 milliseconds to elaborate the meaning of a word. Since there is only one synapse between Wernicke (temporal lobe) and Broca (frontal lobe) areas, the two regions mainly involved in word comprehension, information needs 3 milliseconds to pass from one to the other area. It means that these two areas “talk” to each other many and many times, before producing a response output.

John Duncan proposed that neurons in the associative regions respond following statistical rather than absolute rules: while sensorial and motor neurons fire whenever a stimulus appears/a muscle must be activated, the response of associative neurons depends on the context. But what is the context for the brain? Several researches demonstrated that the internal representation of the knowledge is organized as a function of the response, rather than of the incoming stimulation. Thus, the central role is likely to be played by the task, i.e.: the aim that a certain action should accomplish.

The whole system is engaged in the achievement of a goal through the distribution of the task to several circuits, which cooperate by sharing outcomes.

Whenever required by a certain task, circuits may also share intermediate processing and neurons, showing to be able to flexibly create new paths. As a confirmation, the two hemispheres showed only local differences, generally being related to partial processing in a circuit. Boca’s area, dominant for language processing in the 95% of the population, is in the LH; visuospatial attention is processed in the parietal lobe, first in the RH, and then in the LH; facial recognition is more related to the right visual cortex. General models indicating hemispheric differences also in higher functions are considered as fallacious and outdated. The neural correlates

of creativity provide a clear example: several neuroimaging studies (see the works by Shad et al., Aziz-Zadeh et al., Green et al.2) assessed creativity involved in problem-solving or creative production (new stories). Results evidenced several bilateral activations in associative areas, validating the hypothesis of a wide distribution of creative processes.

A limited degree of lateralization was also found, but involving the left prefrontal cortex, rather than regions in RH, thus falsifying the usual belief that creativity is linked to RH. Such pattern of results is supported also by studies of electroencephalography (EEG): a higher event-related synchronization in the EEG alpha rhythm (in front-parietal regions) is found for individuals engaged in divergent (creative) task processing compared to convergent (focused) thinking3. Frontal alpha synchronization is thought to reect an increased internal processing demand, while parietal synchronization is assumed to facilitate the recombination of semantic information. That is, for creative thinking neurons need to play their instrument with a high harmonization, while for focused thinking neurons work as independent bands that alternate one another during the same concert. In general, results suggested that cortical regions for creativity overlap those regions used for the other functions, indicating that it is likely to be a modality, rather than a separate ability.

In conclusion, neuroscience considers creative thinking as the result of the same mental processes involved in any other task: differences may reside in the exibility in recruiting unusual combination of resources. Therefore, it follows that also creativity may be trained as any other cognitive (life) skill. Even though it is not possible to voluntary generate the Aha! Experience, an education directed to foster creativity may develop a fertile ground on which innovative ideas and actions could exibly emerge.

Prof. Demis Basso 1 Respectively: functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Trans cranial Magnetic Stimulation, Positron Emission Tomography, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

2 Shah et al. (Doi: 10.1002/hbm.21493), AzizZadeh et al. (Doi: 10.1002/hbm.20554), Green et al. (Doi: 10.1037/a0025764). References could be retrieved by entering the DOI code in an Internet search engine.

3 Benedek et al. (Doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.09.004), Juak et al. (Doi: 10.1016/j. ijpsycho.2012.02.012).

Vielleicht ist ein solches leeres Blatt für dich nicht unbedingt inspirierend, mehr frustrierend wenn es dich nach einer Stunde Kopfzerbrechen immer noch kahl und bleich anglotzt, aber immerhin gibt es dir die Möglichkeit, etwas daraus zu machen. Die Möglichkeit, einen Gedanken beim Rockzipfel zu packen und schwarz-auf-weiß festzuhalten, bevor er wieder durch die Tür huscht.

Dieser kleine, weiße A4 Raum, der auf dem Schreibtisch vor dir liegt, eröffnet dir die Möglichkeit, deinen Blick über den Tellerrand bis zum Ende deines Horizonts nachzuzeichnen. Er ist die Plattform für Ideen, welche Dimensionen verlassen können und sich als Produkte von Denkorigamis auf dem Papier niederlassen. Tiefschwarze Tintenkreativität kann sich darauf ergießen und Spuren hinterlassen – in Herzen, in Köpfen, in Alltäglichkeiten… Ein Papier eröffnet Raum, der den Schöpferdrang der Menschen beflügelt und Platz für Produkte der Kreativität gibt.

Prof. Dr. Peter Kruse beschäftigt sich schon seit Jahren als Psychologe mit Ordnungsbildungsprozessen im menschlichen Gehirn und fungiert als Unternehmensberater für Innovation und Veränderung. Seine Ansätze und Denklogik faszinieren, und nicht ohne Grund wird er als „Deutschlands Querdenker Nummer 1“ oder „Deutschlands Change-Management-Papst“ betitelt. „Kreativität kann man nicht machen.“, so Kruse. Sie versteht keinen Imperativ. Wie sollte sie auch, wenn sie doch als Inbegriff für Veränderung, Revolution und Schöpfungskraft steht?! Wer die Kreativität von Mitarbeitern erhöhen will, so der erfahrene Professor, soll Ausschau nach systemischen Rahmenbedingungen halten in denen sie möglich wird und nicht durch Aussagen wie „Sei kreativ!“ versuchen etwas zu erreichen.

Kreativität lässt sich nicht als Projektarbeit nach Anleitung erzeugen, sondern entsteht in indirekten Möglichkeitsräumen.

Als einer der obersten Innovationsgurus gilt „Google“. Was unter anderem seiner Firmenkultur zugeschrieben wird. Auf den ersten Blick gleicht das Unternehmensareal einem Kinderspielplatz, in dem sich die bunte

Googlefarbenwelt wiederspiegelt. Aber es ist weit mehr. Mitarbeitern aus aller Welt bekommen hier reichlich Platz für Spaß, Sport, Entspannung, eigenen Projekten nachzugehen und Austausch. Aber was steckt noch dahinter, dass Google nicht nur einer der beliebtesten, sondern auch erfolgreichsten Arbeitgeber ist?

Nach Prof. Dr. Kruse fußt in intelligenten Systemen, welche also ihr Prozessmuster ändern können, Kreativität auf zwei Bausteinen: Unterschiedlichkeit und Netzwerkbildung.

Erstens, Unterschiedlichkeit bietet immer Potenzial für Spannungen und Spannungen halten das System instabil - also offen und geben Neuem eine Chance. Störungen bzw.

Rückkoppelungen beleben die Kreativität und sind Triebkraft des Denkens. Der Soziologe Georg Simmel spricht ebenfalls von der Funktionalität von Spannungen, wenn er Konflikte als Phänomene beschreibt, welche Schaffung und Festigung von Gruppenidentität als Folge haben.

Als zweiten Baustein spricht Kruse von den Netzwerken, also Kontakte, die Impulse senden, mit denen Ideen ausgetauscht werden können und Zusammenarbeit möglich ist. Die Sinnhaftigkeit der Netzwerkbildung liegt in seinen Ausführungen darin, da mittels eines Netzwerks auch unkalkulierbare Dynamiken, welche durch höhere Vernetzung und zu-

nehmender Komplexität der Welt entstehen, entgegen getreten werden kann. Denn um mit diesen Dynamiken umzugehen reicht das Leistbare eines Individuums alleine oft nicht mehr aus. Kruse glaubt daran, dass Lernprozesse wie sie im menschlichen Gehirn stattfinden, auch in Gruppen und Netzwerken als Ganzes in ähnlicher Form möglich sind. Dabei geht er von der Annahme aus, dass Netzwerkbildung zwischen Wissenseigner („Owner“), Kreativen („Creator“) und vermittelnden/ kommunizierende Personen („Broker“), notwendig sind um ein solches flexibles, kreatives und intelligentes Lösungssystem herzustellen. Einfach ausgedrückt, Netzwerke aus Menschen können arbeiten wie ein Gehirn und so auch hochgradig komplexe Themen bewerten, bearbeiten, weiterentwickeln oder erfassen. Das funktioniert in etwa so, dass, wenn Owner und Creator zusammentreffen, Ideen entstehen, also eine Art Cortex gebildet wird. Owner und Broker sind die perfekten Bewerter von Inhalten, sie sind vergleichbar mit dem lybischen System. Die Kombination Broker-Creator führt dagegen zu Erregung, weil sie ständig stören, was also eine aufsteigende retikuläre Formation ergibt.

Wie im Kleinen eine solche Vernetzung ausschauen könnte, macht uns Ikea vor. Die Firma (Broker) organisiert für die Designer (Creator) und Entwickler (Creator od. Owner) immer wieder Kochabende bei normalen Familien (Creator oder Broker) um dort in der Küche auf mögliche neue Produktentwicklungen aufmerksam zu werden.

Das bringt uns wieder an den Anfang, zur Inspiration und zur Möglichkeit. Doch sind wir nun eine Schritt weiter, denn du und ich wissen nun, dass es viele unterschiedliche BesitzerInnen von unbeschriebenen oder halb beschriebenen Blättern Papier in unserer unmittelbarer Nähe gibt, welche nur darauf warten gestört oder gefunden zu werden, um sich wieder für die Idee zu begeistern, die sie dazu brachte, sich vor ein leeres Blatt Papier zu setzen …

christina Oberleiter

Warum GELD nicht gl端cklich macht

by Paul Justus Metzmacher

Das Märchen von der Straßenbahn und …

Das Märchen über die Bildung

der derbsten Darbenden sind sehr lebensfrohe Menschen zu finden. Das gibt mir täglich zu denken.

Dieser Artikel fällt wesentlich kürzer aus als der letzte – ganz im Stile von schönen Märchen.

Das Märchen von der Bildung wird ein noch kürzeres Unterfangen. Ich zitiere einige Künstler und halte mich mit meinen Kommentaren eher bedeckt. Die Zitate sprechen für sich.

Vorfreude ist die schönste Freude. Wenn das stimmt (und es stimmt!), dann sind auch Befürchtungen vor allem solange ein Graus, wie sie sich nicht bewahrheiten. Sobald sie jedoch wahr werden, verschwinden die Ängste recht rasch. Kommt Dir das irgendwie bekannt vor?

Die Straßenbahn. Die fährt nicht nur einmal.

Selbst wenn es die letzte Straßenbahn des Tages gewesen sein sollte, oder der letzte Bus, so wird man selten gleich sterben müssen.

Doch im Grunde ist die Straßenbahn nur ein Bild. Natürlich solltest Du Dich beeilen, wenn die letzte Straßenbahn gleich abfährt und Du weißt, dass Du sie andernfalls verpassen würdest. „Binde Dein Kamel an und vertraue auf Gott“, sagte Mohammed dazu. Was uns die Straßenbahn eigentlich sagen will, ist eben das mit der Vorfreude bzw. den Befürchtungen. Natürlich kann viel passieren, zweifelsohne schwebt der Tod ständig über uns und wartet nur darauf, mir das entscheidende Bein zu stellen. Jeder Blumentopf könnte mein letzter sein. Diese Tatsache kann ich auch nicht schönreden. Die griechischen Götter beneiden uns sterbliche Menschen ja gerade um unsere Sterblichkeit. Was ich Dir vermitteln möchte, ist Folgendes: Nimm das Leben an und widerstehe der Versuchung, die Vergangenheit ändern zu wollen. Die Gegenwart wartet mit genügend schönen Momenten auf uns, ihr können wir uns anvertrauen. So gesehen verliert auch die Relevanz von Geld als Sicherheit seinen Wert. Wenn Du Dir einen Helm davon kaufst, damit Dich der Blumentopf nicht umlegt, wird es das nächste Auto sein, das um die Ecke biegt. Geld bietet erschreckend wenig Sicherheit, viel eher hindert es uns daran, dass wir uns mit dem Hier und Jetzt beschäftigen. Wer Geld hat, möchte es vermehren und nicht wieder verlieren. Keiner möchte darben müssen, das ist verständlich; doch auch unter

“And the weirdest thing about a mind Is that every answer that you find Is the basis of a brand new cliché”

Tim Minchin

Was ähnelt wohl dem bißchen Ruhme So sehr wie eine Treibhausblume?

Soll Dir das arme Pflänzchen sprießen, Mußt du es täglich brav begießen.

Und Dünger streun. Und Unkraut jäten.

Aufs Wetter sehn. Und leise treten.

Doch pfeifst du drauf, so wirst Du nie Gekrönt von der A-ka-de-mie.

Mascha Kaléko

„Sei schlau, bleib dumm.“

Postkarte

„Tatsachenwissenschaften machen bloße Tatsachenmenschen.“

Edmund Husserl

Wissen aus erster Hand ist für mich persönlich das einzig wahre Wissen. Doch wie viel von unserem Wissen kommt noch aus erster Hand und wie viel second hand-Wissen nehmen wir einfach in uns auf, ohne es zu hinterfragen? Unser Bildungssystem braucht eine kleine Revolution, besser noch eine große. Information ist kein Wissen. Eine Birne ist kein Apfel. Ein Politiker ist kein Bildungsexperte. Bildungsexperten sind diejenigen Menschen, die mit der Materie zu tun haben, die Bildung leben. Was ist Bildung und wie soll es definiert werden? Ja, vielleicht kommst Du selbst mal in die Gänge und machst Dir Deine eigenen Gedanken!

albinos to the zoo as possible, because Belgrade actually means white city.

Here you will be able to see white lions, tigers, a bison and wallabies, which can’t be seen in many other zoos around the world.

brandy is such an example. The third place I’d like to mention would be the café-restaurant that Novak Djokovic owns. It is called “Novak”, and here you can try some delicious meals, which are gluten-free, and that is according to Novak the secret of his success.

The other thing I like is the “Night of the Museums“, an event that usually takes place in May in Belgrade. The whole concept of this event is that you buy a single ticket, that serves you as a pass to all museums that are part of this great manifestation, which is around 65 locations in Belgrade only. The price is around 3,50 €, which makes museums more interesting for people, well at least for a couple of days. Another great thing is that museums have longer opening hours during this great manifestation, and some of them are still open at 2 a.m.! And the ticket as well serves as a public transportation ticket during the manifestation!

Another place very dear to my heart is the Belgrade zoo. A reason for this must be the fact that I used to volunteer here eight years ago. It is located on an ancient fortress of Kalemegdan, and although it is not the biggest zoo in the world, it is very successful in reproducing all kinds of animal species, which is a very hard thing for a zoo to manage. It has also a nice concept of bringing as many white animals as well as

In my leisure time, I never miss out on an opportunity to meet with my friends and have a nice long talk over a cup of coffee. One of my favorite places to do this is “Monza“, a racing café on the Danube. This is one of the many floating café on the Danube, which are quite a pleasant place to be during spring and summer, when they bring the chairs and tables outside. Another great place to experience Serbia is called “Rakija bar“. There you can try all kinds of traditional Serbian brandies, some of which are quite interesting, a raspberry

Representing the city that you have originated from is never an easy task, because you want the people to see it the way you do, which is almost always not the way the cities are portrayed in the tourist guides.

I will try to do it my way, which is hopefully much more interesting. My name is Luka Bura, and I come from Belgrade, Serbia, where I was born and have spent wonderful seventeen years of my life. I will try to tell you about the places in Belgrade that I like, and hopefully they will tickle your imagination enough to come and experience them for yourself.

Where do our students come from?

:

mous are “Tri šešira“ (Three Hats) and “Dva jelena“ (Two Deer), which still exist.

The Avala tower is on the must see list as well. It is located on the 511 meters tall mountain called Avala. It is over 200 meters tall, and it provides a great panoramic view of Belgrade. It was rebuilt in 2010, as it was destroyed in NATO bombardment in 1999.

For fashion lovers there is a fashion district called Choomich Design District, located in the heart of Belgrade. The reason you should visit it is the fact that all the shops located there sell the clothes designed by Serbian designers, so it is pretty unlikely that anyone will own the same

bohemian quarter of Belgrade called Skadarlija, where many famous Serbian painters and writers used to live, and enjoy spending time in one of the many Skadarlija inns or kafanas. The most fa-

is not so often that you can go to a semi open floating night club. Most of them play either house music or folk music. The other thing that many tourists from Europe are amazed by is how low the prices are in comparison to the EU. That is probably the reason Belgrade has become such a popular destination to spend the New Year’s Eve. If you are in a mood for something more traditional, there is a nice

You don’t want to miss the opportunity to see the Statue of Victory, located on the edge of Kalemegdan fortress.

It is the symbol of Belgrade, like The Eifel tower is the symbol of Paris, and the Statue of Liberty is the symbol of New York.Another thing Belgrade is known for, and believe me, you do not want to miss this one, is partying.

The places to go to are numerous, and it is essentially the genre of music you like that will determine in which direction you are going. Jazz, Rock, Metal, R&b, Folk you name it. The experience that I would most definitely recommend is going to one of the many floating river clubs during summer. The experience is unbelievable, as it

belgrade!

by Luka Bura

thing you buy here.

The best way to end your trip to Belgrade would in my opinion be a long evening walk down the Knez Mihailova Street, which is the main pedestrian and shopping zone in Belgrade. This would be a great opportunity to buy some kind of small souvenir, and see the smiling faces of citizens of Belgrade once again.

HISTORY Belgrade has a long and interesting history, as it is one of the oldest cities in Europe. Its history lasts 7.000 years! The main reason for this is the fact that the area is located around two big rivers, the Sava and the Danube, which was very fertile, and a great place to settle. At its’ suburb area, Vinca, a Neolithic settlement was found which dates from 4.000 years B.C. The area of downtown was first settled by Celts which named the city Singidunum in the 4th century B.C. By the 1st century A.D. on the same location the Romans built their first fort which remains can still be seen today. After the splitting of the Roman Empire Belgrade came under the Eastern Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire where it remained until the 7th century when Slavs overtook. By the year of 878 A.D. its’ name was changed by the south Slavs and it got the name Beograd (Belgrade) which means white town.

Over the centuries many nations ruled Belgrade and by the year of 1284 A.D. for the first times it came under Serbian rule and the leadership of Despot Stefan Lazarevic (1403-1427) who encouraged its development. For the first time Belgrade become capital city but in the following years fall under the rules of Hungarians, Turks, Austrians, and by 1882A.D. it finally received the title capital city of Kingdome Serbia when it developd as the economical and cultural center. It is essentially its rich and tumultuous history that makes Belgrade the great place that it is.

cloud / wolke / nuvola Everybody heard these words already. But in fact, what do they mean?

No, in this case they aren’t at all related to meteorology.

They just mean that all your data is stored somewhere in the world wide web. You can’t say exactly where they currently are, but you can always access them. Always, on all devices.

Your PC/Laptop/iPad or whatever is broken. If you are lucky, you backedup all your data. Otherwise everything is lost. Wouldn’t it be more smart, to store all your data not locally specially secured the cloud? There ways available and

important but on a storage in it is alfail-safe

against data loss. So you will never lose anything. Wouldn’t that be a dream?

Luckily the I&CT de-

partment of the University of Bolzano as a member of the Scientific Network of South Tyrol has launched a cloud service based on the Oxygen Cloud.

But what does this mean for you?

Oxygen Cloud is a so called hybrid cloud. It means

that you have two different areas where you can save your data. One area is within the university where you can save more confidential data, but the space is limited. Another area is located at Oxygen’s datacenter with more space available. You can

freely choose where you want to store your data.

It’s up to you.

Now you maybe wonder why I’m telling you this.

Every student of the Free University of Bolzano is going to receive a free Oxygen Cloud. You just have to download the program for Windows/

Mac/iOs or Android and you are ready to take your data into the cloud. Absolutely free for you.

Quite soon you will receive

more details from our I&CT department about how to get this account and how to use it.

Piazz Domenicani - Dominikanerplatz 19 89100 Bolazano - Bozen Tel (+39) 0471 978764 - Fax (+39) 0471 976891 email: International.Relations (at) conservatoriobolzano.it

LUST AUF MUSIK? Komm ins KONSERVATORIUM!

VOGLIA DI MUSICA? Vieni in CONSERVATORIO!

Einbindung von StudentInnen der Freien Universität Bozen in die künstlerischen Produktionen des Bozner Musikkonservatoriums „Claudio Monteverdi“ & Probemöglichkeiten im Konservatorium.

Partecipazione degli studenti della Libera Università di Bolzano alle produzioni artistiche del Conservatorio di musica “Claudio Monteverdi” di Bolzano & possibilità di provare in Conservatorio

Spielst Du ein Instrument oder singst Du gerne und möchtest an einer Orchester-, Chor- oder Kammermusik-Produktion des Konservatoriums mitwirken? Gerne integrieren wir Dich, je nach Möglichkeit, in unsere künstlerischen Produktionen, wo Du dann zusammen mit Deinen KollegInnen am Konservatorium proben und auftreten kannst. Vor allem Streicher (Violine, Bratsche, Cello und Kontrabass) sind willkommen, aber auch andere Instrumente und SängerInnen können wir einbinden (Infos: Manuel.Gatto@conservatoriobolzano.it).

Suoni uno strumento o canti e vorresti partecipare a una produzione dell’orchestra, del coro o degli ensemble cameristici del Conservatorio? Volentieri ti inseriamo, a seconda possibilità, nelle nostre produzioni artistiche, offrendoti l’opportunità di provare e poi esibirti assieme alle tue colleghe e ai tuoi colleghi del Conservatorio. Soprattutto archi (violini, viole, violoncelli e contrabbassi) sono benvenuti, ma anche altri strumentisti e cantanti potrebbero essere inseriti nei nostri ensemble (Info: Manuel.Gatto@conservatoriobolzano.it).

Das nächste Konzert des Orchesters ist für Freitag, 25. Mai 2012 in Bozen und Samstag, 26. Mai 2012 in Sterzing eingeplant. Das Repertoire wird noch zusammengestellt.

Orchesterproben finden, ab 3. Mai, an folgenden Tagen, tendenziell von 14.00-17.00 Uhr statt: Do-Sa 3., 4., 5. Mai Do-Fr 17., 18. Mai Di-Do 22., 23., 24. Mai Fr 25. Mai ist so gegen 17.00 Uhr Generalprobe, das Konzert startet um 20.00 Uhr im Konzertsaal des Bozner Konservatoriums. Am 26. Mai geht’s so gegen 16.00 Uhr ab ins Stadttheater Sterzing, mit Konzert wiederum um 20.00 Uhr.

Il prossimo concerto dell’orchestra sono programmati per venerdì 25 maggio 2012 a Bolzano e sabato 26 maggio 2012 a Vipiteno. Il repertorio deve ancora essere definito.

Le prove dell’orchestra si svolgeranno, dal 3 maggio, nei giorni seguenti, dalle 14.00 alle 17.00: Gio-Sab 3, 4, 5 Maggio Gio-Ven 17, 18 Maggio Mar-Gio 22, 23, 24 Maggio Ven 25 Maggio verso le ore 17.00 si svolgerà la prova generale, a seguire il concerto alle ore 20.00 presso la Sala concerti del Conservatorio. Replica poi il 26 maggio a Vipiteno con partenza da Bolzano verso le ore 16.00 e concerto sempre alle ore 20.00.

Spielt Du ein Instrument und hast Du keine Probemöglichkeiten? Gerne stellen wir Dir unsere Räumlichkeiten, je nach Auslastung, zu individuellen Probezwecken zur Verfügung. Auch einzelne Instrumente können zur Verfügung gestellt werden.

(Infos: Marialuise.Kostner@conservatoriobolzano.it).

Suoni uno strumento ma non hai modo di provare e cerchi un locale per prove? Volentieri ti mettiamo a disposizione, secondo disponibilità, i nostri locali. Inoltre possiamo eventualmente anche metterti a disposizione il rispettivo strumento.

(Info: Marialuise.Kostner@conservatoriobolzano.it).

Möchtest Du Dich dem Studium der Musik und eines Instruments widmen? Die vor-akademischen Kurse (keine Studientitel, sonder Niveau-Bescheinigungen) stehen allen offen.

Zudem gestatten die neusten Bestimmungen ein Doppelstudium an Universitäten und Musik-Konservatorien und man kann also gleichzeitig einen universitären Studiengang an einer Universität und einen akademischen Studiengang an einem Konservatorium besuchen. Infos erteilt das Studierendensekretariat des Konservatoriums: sekretariat@konservatoriumbozen.it. Aufnahmegesuche: innerhalb 5. Mai 2012.

Vuoi dedicarti allo studio della musica e di uno strumento? I Corsi pre-accademici (nessun titolo di studio bensì certificazioni di livello) sono aperti a tutti gli interessati.

Inoltre le più recenti disposizioni ministeriali consentono la doppia e contemporanea iscrizione presso Università e Conservatori di musica. È pertanto possibile frequentare contemporaneamente un Corso di studio presso un’Università e presso un Conservatorio di musica. Informazioni presso le segreteria studenti del Conservatorio: segreteria@ conservatoriobolzano.it.

Domande di ammissione: entro il 5 Maggio 2012.

Möchtet Du einfach das Bozner Konservatorium näher kennenlernen? Komm zu unseren OPEN DAYS am 12. und 13. und am 23. und 24. April oder zu unseren jeweils angekündigten Konzerten!

Vuoi semplicemente conoscere più da vicino il Conservatorio di Bolzano? Vieni ai nostri OPEN DAYS il 12 e 13 e il 23 e 14 Aprile o a uno dei nostri concerti annunciati di volta in volta.

XOXO D: :P <(^.^<) + Studienangebot

Nach großzügigen fünf Tagen Semesterferien (die es im Akademischen Jahr 2012/13 übrigens nicht mehr geben wird) ging der Studienalltag Anfang März mit großem TamTam, dem Open Day, los. Dass ein Drittel der dabei beworbenen Bachelor- und Masterstudiengänge vom italienischen Kultusministerium noch gar nicht genehmigt sind und dass das mit dem Designen für die Gesellschaft und die Nachhaltigkeit, also dem Master, doch schon wieder nix geworden ist, wurde von Vielen als egal eingeschätzt.

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Kikero

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They were just elected but instantly started revolutionizing the cultural activities for students: Giacomo, Riccardo, Adriano, Silvia and Alessandra, the members of the new board of Kikero. In one month they managed to organize more successful events than the former team did in a whole year.

Too bad they have to (almost literally) pay for the consequences of the former board.

Prossimi eventi

+ 23.04 Pub Quiz (Sh.Asus) + 24.04 Global Village (AIESEC) + ? (tba) Aperitivo with the Presidents (Student Speakers) + 15.05 Conferenza con Christoph Engl, direttore della SMG (PRO) + 17.05 Conferenza con Mark Esposito, Professor of Management for Grenoble School of Management in France and member of the faculty at Harvard University Extension School (PRO)

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Personalentscheidungen

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Die Uni wird reorganisiert, diesmal wirklich. Ende des Jahres soll alles fertig „optimiert“ sein. Einige Führungspositionen werden wohl umsortiert und redimensioniert. Was die obersten Stellen betrifft, gibt es jetzt schon Neuigkeiten: Prof. Zinn übernimmt die Studiengangsleitung von dem neuen Bachelor Kommunikations- und Kulturwissenschaften, Prof. Courteau wird neue Dekanin der Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften und Prof. Lorenz wurde wiederbestätigt von Unirat und Senat in seinem Amt des Rektors. Ob unser Präsident Konrad Bergmeister seinen „Nebenjob“ als österreichischer Vorstand des BBTs behalten will bzw. darf, soll hingegen erst im Sommer entschieden werden.

Top Scandals

+ Canteen prizes will be raised by 35% in order to “adjust to the Italian inflation since 1998”. + Students from now on will have to pay 14,62 Euro (that is one fiscal stamp) for every enrollment certificate they need. + 89% of participating students failed the last exam in Decision Theory at the School of Economics and Management. + Students of the Studium Generale get to do the evaluation of their courses online.

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Studenti in numeri

studenti Erasmus ecc. incoming questo semestre studenti preiscritti

studenti laureati a Marzo partecipanti alla simulazione dell’esame di amissione per Scienze della Formazione primaria

Rigler Talk Further testing needed

S

everal years ago, when my oldest siblings did their studies at university, they sort of pre-programmed my mind: Go abroad, taste the world, breathe the different smells of foreign countries, learn all the languages there are – broaden your horizon. Now I study at Bolzano and am constantly surrounded by at least some young souls who can claim at least some short experience which shaped their character and tune their CV. This is not because Bolzano is so international (whatever that is supposed to mean). I perceive that escaping the known and diving into the great ocean of the expected – which most certainly and usually unspectacularly relentlessly becomes the unexpected – has become the rule.

It is no more exceptional to be able to list three different countries in your study career; not even at the age of, say, sweet 20 years.

Now, what do you think would happen if we took one priest, roughly 15 student, half of them being Bolzano’s guests through the Erasmus Program and half of them being regular students from the FUB, and mixed them? Until now pretty much anything can happen, true.

Something’s missing. Right: what for? Where?

Under what circumstances shall we put these students into the testube?

We called it Rigler Talk. As the name itself may suggest, the location for the meeting was the Peter Rigler Dormitory. It can further be guessed, with obviously reasonable certainty, that the occasion was meant to be a getting together to talk about something. That is what I personally like about the name Rigler Talk: its straightforward simplicity. (Apart from that I purposefully propose to ignore the fact that more depth in meaning can hardly be

By Paul Justus Metzmacher

found. If we just think of the German newspaper Bild, which means as much as picture, or all the political talk shows just named by their talk masters, there is good reason to believe that the name is not the only factor responsible for triggering success).

As with many experiments and mixing of different ingredients, success isn’t always easy to establish. A lot can be done to support the goal: mix it with beer, add some soft drinks and serve little snacks; offer nice couches to sit on; create an atmosphere that naturally evokes young people to open themselves just a tiny little bit and talk about a topic. On the first evening of Rigler Talk, a few of the points just stated were considered, and some others were not met. The idea was to talk about Erasmus, study experiences and what studying at Bolzano is like for us students. The potential for such a talk is huge, some of us could go on for hours and even days. The trick is now to unleash this potential and to have it catch fire such that the flame of interest burns inside and shines upon everyone participating.

To be honest, this did not happen. Who is to blame? Nobody. Why so? Well, simply because all who took part decided not to take the talk to another level, but to stick with the most common and sometimes terribly repetitive as well as faintly-hearted introductory round. The sentence I don’t know what else to say, is a classic and could be heard often enough. What would people make behave like this? Probably a rather stiff concept, and discomfort about sharing personal opinions straight away. Yet some of the guests uttered funny opinions, interesting views and managed to make the crowd laugh – even when their voice was trem-

bling (just a little bit). An example: Through all that was said it occurred to me what the Mensa, the library, and the local trains have in common. Any idea? They are all three very cheap, they all provide good service (ok, what is good and bad food can and should be discussed!), and they are all three opportunities to get in touch with fellow students. If however you try to be friends with a South Tyrolean, you better be a patient man, for this might take a while.

One impression was repeated countless times: Bolzano is an almost blemish-free place to study. Or shall I say, nobody dared to complain? Were grumblings held back due to the insight that Bolzanean dormitories are ridiculously cheap for what they offer? That relatively small numbers of students in lectures does have its impacts on teaching quality – though this contact could still be intensified? Were people too uncomfortable to kick Bolzano’s ass? (Excuse my language!) Or is it the other way round: are people maybe too comfortable to blame too many grievances? I personally get the impression that the so called abbastanzaphenomenon (a Bolzano tutto è abbastanza – ma niente di più) is quite powerful and has people hesitate before dropping a bad word about studying here. Which is good on the one hand, because there isn’t much missing we could really crave for. Then again, on the other hand, there could be more. (I admit, I am studying Economics!) This more, what might it look like? A buddy program for guest-students, for example. More activities for guest-students.

Will students ever get a serious nightlife here?

Well, I would not exclude this to happen in the long run. Will South Tyroleans change towards being more open to strangers? I hope not, for I enjoy their honest cautiousness. Should the faculty of Economics try to teach in step with actual practice? I say let’s discuss it (yes, yet another discussion)! A guy from Czech hit the nail on its head by saying, I came here for the mountains and they did not disappoint me.

What if in the end life is all about preferences?

(Philosophers, please say it is NOT!)

After about two hours of rather shy, uneasy talk in a big round, we could finally switch to the informal and probably more important part of the evening and form small groups to chat with each other – free of any restriction.

Some of us stayed until after midnight, many of us got to know each other a little better.

What remains? I personally got a young lady’s phone number – no, not what you think! What I am trying to say is that however dreary the talk might have been, it was not really boring but just a bit rigid due to some restrictions.

That happens. Moreover: it can be improved.

The response was bigger than previously estimated and some ideas were planted and now want to grow to plants. Why not organise such an event with two or three talk masters that create and keep up the involvement? Why not talk about some more specific topics? Why not do so by implementing little games and / or rules? Why prevents us from inviting external guests that we wish to interview? What prevents us from warming up the room before we get together? Why should we only talk to each other in English? Where’s the problem with switching between languages? Shall students not being residents at the Peter Rigler dormitory be invited, too? I guess so … I don’t live there, and I got invited …

What prevents us from developing something out of nothing? Nothing. What can we lose if we try this? Nothing. What can we win? Everything.

Wasn’t there something else? Of course, the priest! What did he have to do with the whole story? Well, Joseph Torggler could be described as the hand-shaking inventory of the Peter Rigler evening events. He blesses them with his goodwill and takes part, even when he needs a translator because he does not speak English very well. He is not to be discussed and definitely not to be removed.

He is a splendid example of how the older generation sometimes enjoys young people’s company with honest interest and in silence.

He can only be treated with gentle love.

Una volta, qualche tempo fa, sentii degli sciagurati etichettare la facoltà di Economia della Libera Università di Bolzano come un posto“arido”, una business school dove non si parlava d’altro che di numeri, un esamificio senz’anima, che succhiava sangue ai poveri malcapitati che avevano scelto di incamminarsi tra i suoi corridoi asettici , dove mai e poi mai la parola “creatività” avrebbe potuto avere un senso.

Ora, non vorrei fare la parte della moralista di turno, ma dopo tre anni passati tra le aule di questo temibile(?!) luogo, non posso fare a meno di difendere la nostra beneamata fa-

coltà. Colleghi cari (“compagni di sventura” suona meglio? Boh, si dai, questa è più drammatica), ma come vi salta in mente di definire “poco creativa” un’istituzione che da sempre si prodiga per aggiungere un po’ di pepe nelle nostre vite, per sorprenderci ogni giorno, come un partner premuroso, e per trovare soluzioni tanto creative e artistiche ai più banali problemi quotidiani?

Non starò qui a parlarvi della mirabile confeenza “L’economia viaggia in Porsche” (magari il signore cui è intitolata la nostra biblioteca dissentirà, convinto che qui in Alto Adige la si veda girare più sovente in Ferrari), organiz-

zata proprio nel periodo in cui tutti gli altri, senza un minimo di fantasia, si affannavano a parlare della crisi; d’altronde, nemmeno la penna di Omero potrebbe essermi d’aiuto, per lodare un’iniziativa tanto originale. Mi preme, piuttosto, ricordare a qualche ingrato dalla memoria corta, che da anni la nostra facoltà ha ingaggiato i migliori creativi d’Europa per metter mano a quella che potrebbe sembrare la più noiosa delle formalità: il calendario accademico.

Quando giunsi a Bolzano, le lezioni cominciavano a fine settembre, proseguivano fino a gennaio, quando avevamo gli esami, una piccola pausa, per poi ricominciare i corsi fino a maggio, l’inizio della sessione estiva, che precedeva le vacanze prima dei famigerati esami settembrini. Che noia mortale, direte voi, che siete cresciuti sotto il nuovo ordine.

Vero: sebbene il nostro orario cambiasse alla velocità della luce ogni settimana, sebbene mai furono abbandonate le tendenze a concentrare le lezioni, per lasciare ampi spazi di vuoto cosmico, questa disposizione era noiosa. Poco creativa, ecco.

Cosa fa, allora, una facoltà che tanto ama i propri studenti? Cambia! Ma certo, è ovvio. Siamo flessibili, la generazione del futuro che non vuole il posto fisso. Via il vecchio piano di studi, via l’obsoleto calendario accademico. Largo ai giovani, alla saga del corso fantasma (chi non si è piacevolmente intrattenuto almeno una volta in segreteria, per tentare di capire come recuperare quell’esame, che magari non aveva potuto sostenere perché si trovava in Erasmus?) e soprattutto, a un supercalendario sprint, nemico dello studente pigrone.

Sessioni a novembre, dicembre, a marzo, aprile e maggio/giugno. E passa la paura. E settembre? Beh, su settembre i nostri creativi hanno dato il meglio di sé; come prender nota dei mille annunci di cambiamento che si sono succeduti per un anno, tra conferme, smentite e post-it, per colorare le nostre grigie vite qui tra i monti?

Un successo, un trionfo della creatività. Ma squadra che vince non si cambia.

Lo schema tattico funziona, quindi, si replica, con un nuovo fantastico cambio in corsa. Ci sono esami a gennaio, e a giugno. Poi, non si sa come, le cosiddette “sessioni per i midterm” di dicembre e maggio, si trasformano in sessioni di esami vere e proprie. I creativi sembrano impazzire, sono pronti a nuove sfide, e per fortuna, il destino sembra proporgliene, prodigo, sempre di nuove.

Quella sessione di luglio, per esempio. A che pro tenerla lì? Perché fare una cosa tanto banale? Meglio una bella laurea a maggio, così c’è il sole, ma non fa ancora troppo caldo. E dicembre poi… a chi era venuto in mente di condannare dei poveri studenti a fare una festa nel gelo invernale, quando potevano benissimo spostarla ad ottobre, mentre le prime foglie cominciano a cadere, e il sole si apre dorati squarci tra le nuvole? E poco importa che meno di due settimane prima ci fosse un’altra possibilità di conquistare il sospirato diploma; alla creatività non si danno limiti. E avere due sessioni attaccate è più artistico. E poi così nessuno dei laureati si prenderà una broncopolmonite uscendo sudato e ubriaco in strada, dopo aver ballato per tre ore sulle armoniche note di “Disco Pogo”, affrontando le siberiane temperature di fine anno.

Non c’è che dire,il vostro lavoro è stato davvero encomiabile, e penso che nessuno qui possa fare a meno di ringraziarvi, per tutto l’impegno dimostrato; ma è a questo punto che, cara facoltà, personalmente mi deludi. Uno sforzo tanto grande, frantumato, sgretolato, con una gaffe davvero incredibile.

Quell’ e-mail!Ma come avete fatto a non pensarci. Creativi cari, non potete liquidarmi con un “ciao, non c’è più la sessione di dicembre, ma ti puoi laureare a ottobre così poi fai il master (??? Ah si???). kind regards”.

No, non va bene. Io adesso pretendo una comunicazione creativa, in cui mi venga spiegato creativamente il motivo di una scelta tanto piena di creatività (spero il concetto sia chiaro). Non mi bastano cinque righe striminzite. Voglio che diate fondo alla vostra fantasia. E che mi spiegate come quelle

decisioni che a me sembrano irrazionali, non siano affatto irrazionali. Sono solo un colpo di genio, un piano tanto ardito e creativo, che mai la mia mente limitata sarebbe riuscita ad abbracciare. Preparate la giustificazione. E la roba delle influenze e di “Disco Pogo” ve l’ho suggerita io, quindi non barate, non la potete usare. Non vorrete mica farci credere che prendete per davvero decisioni irrazionali? Siamo una facoltà di Economia, insomma!

Kind regards, intanto (ma quelli sempre, di default).

Simona Peluso

Scienze Agrarie Creative La creatività in veste agricola!

Con l’arrivo della “Stagione degli Amori” e dei suoi climi più miti, anche se praticamente quest’anno un inverno vero e proprio non c’è mai stato, gli stilisti dicono che la nuova collezione Primavera – Estate sia contrassegnata da tre parole: “Colore, colore, colore!”. In effetti si nota dalle vetrine dei negozi… che persone creative questi stilisti!

A dire il vero è strano che la cosa venga ritenuta così originale, dato che campi e giardini si vestono di “Colore” ogni anno in questo periodo.

Il pensiero comune, anche guardando all’interno del nostro ambiente universitario, dice che siano i designer le persone più creative in assoluto; esteriormente forse, e senza dubbio all’interno di molti ambiti, ma in assoluto la realtà è diversa!

Pensandoci bene, non è una delle creatività più spiccate quella di chi ha a che fare con l’agricoltura? Dai ricercatori ai contadini,

tutti devono inventare (o quantomeno approvare l’invenzione) delle più sottili e sconvolgenti modifiche per migliorare continuamente pur mantenendo la tradizione di uno dei mestieri più antichi del mondo. Mettiamo bene in chiaro le cose, ho detto UNO dei mestieri, non IL mestiere più vecchio del mondo! Sebbene, talvolta, anche l’agricoltura è costretta a “vendersi” per ottenere qualcosa .

Ad esempio se il tempo, anche lui un gran soggetto creativo, decide di fare una grandinata proprio mentre i frutti sono nel loro momento migliore sugli alberi, bisognerà per forza inventarsi qualche strategia per riuscire a vendere quella frutta. E di certo non qualcosa di monotono!

Oppure un altro esempio, se la pioggia decide di non presentarsi proprio quando ce ne sarebbe più bisogno, come si ingegnano questi agrari? È un continuo adattarsi, adeguarsi, cambiare, adeguare, innovare e migliorare per non lasciare andare tutto alla deriva. Come la si può chiamare questa, se non creatività?

E dato che, nonostante i tempi cambino, l’agricoltura è ancora una delle risorse più importanti da cui dipendiamo, direi che è una creatività indispensabile.

Irene Castellan

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Becoming a Rector?

That was about the last thing I thought of!

An Interview with the reelected Rector Prof. Walter Lorenz

You are about to complete your first term as Rector of the FUB. In a few words, how did it go?

I took over the Rectorate in a period of considerable turmoil; so I can look back on the last four years as a period of consolidation and to some extent reconciliation. That is the basis on which I can now approach the next period. In the mind of the public, our university now also stands in a considerable different light, I think.

Why did you decide to run for the office again?

The main encouragement came from a clear message from both the University Council and the Academic Senate. My line of ap-

by Jana Rückert

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proach had unanimous support and I felt that the project that I had embarked upon was not quite complete yet. Also, by the end of the first period, one gets more of an insight into the actual workings of such an office. That gave me the push to try it again, to get a little bit further along the road.

In the last interview with you for the Flyer you said that being the Rector gives you unexpected joy and energy. What is so joyful about it?

It is basically the possibility to link my immediate task of teaching, researching, being with students and being a representative of my particular field with a wider perspective as to what a university overall represents. And I must say I have experienced energy flowing

in both directions; I received a lot of impulses connections between the disciplines and on about what needs to be done in my particudeveloping a profile of this university as lar field particularly here in Italy through the something that is distinct but is not in commore intensive contacts that I can enjoy with petition with other universities. We need to other universities nationally and internationrecognize this bridging and its pioneering ally. Also, I have been able to do something character. Universities today need to realize for my discipline within the academic Olymand embrace their interconnectedness. pus in terms of underlining its academic seriousness and respectability. This kind of Quick Profile How is our university goborder-crossing has aling to benefit from this ways been a specialty of name: Walter A. Lorenz // born: 1947 in interconnectedness? mine biographically.

Stuttgart //educated in: Theology, Social Administration, Social Work at the Universities We are for example apTalking about your prior- of: Tübingen, Erlangen, Zürich, Cambridge & the proaching a more formalities – how is the univer- London School of Economics at the FUB since: ized collaboration with sity going to be different 2001 // researches: European social and our neighboring univerin four years when your integration politics, juvenile delinquency, anti- sities, with Trento and second term will be com- racist and intercultural methods in social work, Innsbruck, and we are pleted? comparative history of social work // teach- also trying to consolidate es: Ethics, Sociology, Social Work methodology our position within the The consolidation allows // rector since: 2008 range of Italian state us now to embark upon and non-state universiorganizational changes. ties so that they would The founding period of the university was not regard us as kind of an oddity, as kind characterized by dynamics at the level of the of marginal peculiar creation. We are being individual faculties – the faculties had to esobserved very closely and with great intertablish their identity, their staff, they had to est as to how we manage to represent interbe given a certain amount of independence nationalization and multiculturalism. Italian and space to develop their own priorities and universities need to further their internatheir own research specialties – but we’re now tional character; we have a lot to offer and in a position to bring those different interour experience is being valued in that regard. ests under a more coordinated umbrella. And there are many opportunities to do that.

Talking about working on the external profile, what would you say are the greatest internal Like for example? challenges at the moment?

One obvious example is the project of the technology park in preparation of which the university community has shown considerable creativity in not just making individual contributions from each faculty as to what innovation could mean for our region and what is required in the age of globalization but also in creating synergies between the faculties and the disciplines and to recognize the complementarity between those.

It’s on those kind of developments that we are now thinking of enlarging on these cross-

The most dramatic change we are facing is that we are trying to find a line to express a quality assurance orientation; we are trying to approach an inner process of consultation and we are in a process of finding out our own priorities by which we want to demonstrate the quality of our research, our teaching and the academic achievements of our colleagues.

In that sense, changes will obviously create tensions but we’ll hopefully create a climate of sensible incentives which build upon the strengths of the individual members of the

academic community. It is also necessary to let the wider academic and indeed non-academic world know what we are actually doing with the money that is being invested in us.

And we need to create a climate in which we all move together in one direction.

How do you picture an ideal student of the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano?

I think an ideal student for us is someone who first of all chooses to study here very deliberately and isn’t just choosing us because he or she wasn’t accepted elsewhere or because it was the obvious thing to do. We need students who are committed to the project we represent – and that project is above all the interculturalism: being able not just linguistically but also intellectually to move between different cultures and between different ways of analyzing problems. Therefore the ideal student for me is also somebody who actively participates in this process. The sheer size and dimensions of our university allow personal exchanges, personal attention and individualized study plans and should facilitate the creation of this kind of climate among our students.

Our President Prof. Konrad Bergmeister in a recent interview with FF said that right now he would recommend the FUB to his own kids.

What about you? Would you send your grandchildren here?

Well, they have just been born and one is about to be born (laughs)…Obviously it depends on the subject area they choose. For subject areas like teaching you would have to have a close connection with the area in order to be attracted to study teacher training in Brixen. But I would certainly encourage them to the Social Work here because we combine a local orientation with a very strong and dynamic international orientation. Particularly they have the opportunity to study at all the different levels because we now also have a fully developed Master and a PhD program. That’s the case also in other

disciplines. We are developing a broad palette of offers so that students who perhaps do not choose this location as their first study have the opportunity to come here for a postgraduate course and find those, I would think, very attractive. So…I think as the children of the President will grow up, they might have their own opinion on the quality of our university (smirks).

What kind of student were you when you were young?

Eh… Let’s put like this: would you ever have thought to become a Rector one day?

(Laughs) That was about the last thing I thought would happen…I didn’t even know that five years ago. So no, I wasn’t destined for that kind of a post.

I was the kind of student who whilst having chosen to study a particular subject area – in my case Theology – simply relished the idea of being at the university as a university and therefore having access to a whole variety of disciplines.

What was studying like then?

What about today?

We were privileged in my days that we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have credit points and exams every semester, a whole rat race for points and a three year limit to our study period. Studying really was something under our own guidance and regime. Also, Theology was for me a kind of a Studium Generale much like the one Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m now trying to reproduce hereâ&#x20AC;Świth some interesting results. My student days for me are something that is well worth treasuring and remembering, especially in the light of today.

Well, fortunately I think the kind of narrowness some people have made of the Bologna process is already in decline. And we as a small university, we can allow ourselves to be more flexible, to enlarge the boundary-crossings between the disciplines and to bring the studying again, as it was in my days, more under the control of the individual student.

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Im Hinblick auf Kreativität und auf die Leistungen unseres Gehirns stellt sich uns die Frage, gerade innerhalb unseres mehrsprachigen Kontextes, inwiefern das gute Beherrschen zweier oder mehrerer Sprachen, von Vorteil ist. Im Zuge dessen haben Rita Franceschini und Gerda Videsott vom Kompetenzsprachenzentrum der Universität Bozen zusammen mit zwei Partnern, Versuche durchgeführt. Diese befassen sich mit der Frage, wie Sprachkompetenzen unsere Entscheidungsprozesse beeinflussen (Versuch 1) und damit, wie sich diese Mehrsprachigkeit in unserem Gehirn bemerkbar macht (Versuch 2).

Im ersten Versuch geht es um die Entscheidungsfähigkeit der Menschen und darum, wie sich diese durch ein mehrsprachiges Aufwachsen schon im Kindesalter entwickelt, als in einem einsprachigen Umfeld. Ein grundsätzlicher Unterschied zwischen Menschen, die einsprachig und solchen, die mehrsprachig aufwachsen, besteht darin, dass Letztere für ein und dasselbe Objekt mehrere „Bennenungsmöglichkeiten“ haben und somit entscheiden müssen, welche Sprache sie wählen möchten. Durch dieses Wählen zwischen verschiedenen Sprachen werden bestimmte neuronale Netzwerke angeregt und trainiert, die dadurch auch im Alltag besser funktionieren.

Das Hauptinteresse bestand darin, nachzuweisen, ob man einen kognitiven Vorteil bereits bei Kindern feststellen kann, die mehrsprachig aufwachsen. Außerdem wurde getestet, wovon dieser Vorteil abhängt. Sind es die Schulnoten oder die Sprachkompetenz, auf welche ein besseres Abschneiden im Test zurückzuführen ist?

Zu diesem Zweck wurden 118 ladinische Kinder mit einem sogenannten ANT-Test geprüft und ihre Schulleistungen zu den Ergebnissen hinzugezogen. Beim ANT-Test wird mithilfe von Pfeilen, die auf einem Bildschirm erscheinen, die Reaktionsfähigkeit der Probanden getestet. Durch dieses Verfahren werden die drei Hauptkomponenten der Aufmerksamkeit - ‚Warnung‘, ‚Orientierung‘ und ‚Konflikt‘ - gemessen. Die Kinder, welche im Jahr 2009 untersucht wurden, waren alle im Alter von circa elf Jahren und lebten im Raum Südtirol.

Des Weiteren sprachen sie alle Ladinisch, Italienisch, Englisch und Deutsch. Innerhalb dieser Sprachen konnte die Erst-, Zweit- und Drittsprache ermittelt werden, je nachdem auf welchem Niveau die Kinder sie beherrschten. Als vierte und letzte Sprache wurde jeweils das Englische angegeben. Nach Auswertung des Testes stellte sich heraus, dass kein anderes Unterrichtsfach die Reaktionsleistung der Kinder mehr beeinflusst, als Sprachen.

Die erzielten Ergebnisse bestätigen die Vermutung, dass Kinder mit einem höheren Notendurchschnitt in den Sprachen schneller reagieren, als diejenigen mit unterdurchschnittlichen Noten. Und das mit einem signifikanten Unterschied. Jener besteht auch Kom-

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ponente ‚Warnung‘ innerhalb des Aufmerksamkeitsmechanismus. Die Erkenntnis, wie sehr diese Komponente von der Sprachkompetenz abhängt, ist neu und zugleich höchst interessant.

Alles in Allem konnte also festgestellt werden, dass sprachlich kompetentere Kinder eine bessere, das heißt „fittere“ neuronale Vernetzung haben und dadurch Wesentliches besser wahrnehmen und schneller reagieren.

Das Beherrschen mehrerer Sprachen ist also proportional zu kognitiven Fähigkeiten im Hinblick auf Aufmerksamkeit zu setzen.

‘Was passiert in unserem Gehirn, wenn wir mehrsprachig aufwachsen?’, das ist der Titel des zweiten Versuchs.

Bei dieser Langzeitstudie wurde die Gehirnaktivierung von 16, mehrsprachig aufwachsenden Kindern aus Südtirol mit der von einsprachig aufwachsenden Kindern aus Mailand verglichen.

Zur Untersuchung wurde die Entwicklung des Gehirns durch eine funktionelle Magnetresonanz-Tomographie (fMRT) zweimal im Abstand von 3 Jahren gemessen.

Die fMRT erstellt anhand von Radiowellen, die in einem Magnetfeld erzeugt werden und auf den Körper treffen, ein Bild der Gehirnfunktionen.

Während des fMRT tragen die Kinder eine Videobrille durch welche sie einen kognitiven Test (Attentional Network-Test) vorgespielt bekommen. Dieser erfordert, dass die Kinder so schnell wie möglich auf die Richtung eines mittleren Pfeiles in einer Reihe aus mehreren Pfeilen reagieren. Bei einem nach rechts zeigenden Pfeil muss die rechte Maustaste geklickt werden und vice versa. Hierbei konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die graue Gehirnsubstanz bei den mehrsprachig aufwachsenden Kindern ausgeprägter ist als bei Einsprachigen.

Abschließend möchten wir darauf verweisen, dass die Mehrsprachigkeit gleichzeitig einen anderen Erfahrungshorizont bietet, beziehungsweise gleich mehrere Erfahrungshorizonte. Vor jenen können „Andersartigkeiten“ leichter angenommen werden, was wiederum dazu führt, sich auf neue, andersartige Wege einzulassen. Dieses Einlassen und das Betrachten von Problemen aus verschiedenen Perspektiven kann als ein wichtiger Aspekt von Kreativität angesehen werden.

Wessen Interesse nun geweckt ist, sei an dieser Stelle herzlichst zur „langen Nacht der Forschung“ eingeladen.

Prof. Rita Franceschini

Let it snow, days...

The SnowDays are over. The last meeting of the SnowDays staff people took place last week, I am writing this article and all the bills have been paid. This means just one thing: Wir sind durch! Can you believe it? Well, we do!

If I think about the past 8-9-10 of March, only this thought comes to my mind: it was so nice to see all those people having fun all together| It was really an amazing experience. I would like to say thank you to all the people that have helped organising this great event and without whom it would not have been possible to do it. Another big thank you is for all participants: they are of course the soul of the SnowDays! This year we had a lot of German universities, as they were the first ones who got the places. I am still quite impressed by the time within which we run out of places for externals: in eight hours no empty place was available. This means it is true that there are no days like SnowDays, and everyone is willing to be part of it!

I guess all of you now know what the SnowDays are about: a night sledging, a ski-day, a snowvolley-day and every night a party, all in different locations. What I have heard people saying all around during and after the event, made me quite proud to be part of the staff, as many have highly appreciated the nice mood of the two parties in our university building, the whole organisation of the bus trips and the catering service. This made me particularly proud, as I have said, because from an organisational point of view these were crucial issues. We feared that we wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have had the time to prepare the university hall for both parties, but the results have shown us that we had no reason to fear. We were also concerned that something could go wrong with busses or food, because

you can never plan really everything, but we were once more shown that everything went the best way. Another thing did pleasured us particularly: our Rector showed an active presence during the whole event and therefore we thank him To all people interested in doing an intensive and beautiful experience I can warmly suggest to be part of it, as a staff member, as a helper or as a participant: you may know people you would never think about and become good friends, not forgetting that you have a lot of fun!

Waiting for the video (coming soon), hope to see you next year! Have fun and enjoy the summer!

Global Village 2012 If the Earth were only a few feet in diameter, floating a few feet above uni’s 1st floor somewhere, people would come from everywhere to marvel at it. People would walk around it marvelling at its big choice of food, its little surprises and the dancers dancing in between. People would marvel at the colours on it and the diversity in it. They would marvel at all the people from different cultures walking around the surface of t he ball and at the languages in the air. The ball would be the greatest wonder known, and people would come to gain knowledge about other countries, to know cultures and to wonder how it could be to live there.

People would love it. If the Earth were only a few feet in diameter floating a few feet above uni’s 1st floor…

Main text taken from: “If the Earth were only a few feet in diameter…” by Joe Miller

Veranstaltungen Lavorare in Team

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Register by sending an email to: cas(at)unibz.it

Careers Advisory Service T +39 0471 012700 careersservice(at)unibz.it Info point opening hours: Monday and Thursday: 14:00 - 16:00 Tuesday and Friday: 10:00 - 12:30

OPOSSUM IMPRESSUM Flyer April 2012 – Spring Edition Year 10 Number 23 Piazza Università 1, I- 39100 Bolzano, Tel: +39 0471 012182 Publisher Kikero Editor Maximilian Schnabel Vice-Editors Anna-Lucia Blum, Lea Hauser Layout & Design Philipp Balunovic Illustrationen Philipp Balunovic Lisa Seitz Contributing Writers Jana Rückert, Christina Oberleiter, Irene Castellan, Paul Justus Metzmacher, Lea Hauser, Anna-Lucia Blum, Maximilian Schnabel, Luka Bura, Prof. Demis Basso, Prof. Rita Franceschini, Konservatorium Claudio Monteverdi, Julius Broich, Christina Oberleiter, Simona Peluso, Print Flyeralarm SrL Circulation 1000 Paper 80g Recyclingpapier + 170g Cover Recyclingpapier Responsible Maximilian Schnabel

...and then i was like..... cool story bro...