October 23, 2014 Edition of The Reporter

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VOLUME XII, NUMBER 21

OCTOBER 23, 2014

Arab Bank ruling could have far-reaching implications for terrorists and their victims

By Dmitriy Shapiro JNS.org/Washington Jewish Week In a historic victory for American victims of terrorist attacks in Israel, a jury in a United States federal court recently found the Jordan-based Arab Bank liable for knowingly funding Hamas-affiliated individuals and organizations during the Second Intifada. The civil court decision will now proceed to the damages phase, in which a decision could spell significant compensation for the roughly 300 victims of terrorism and their relatives who filed the lawsuit.

But more tellingly, the case, which asserted violations by the Arab Bank of the U.S. Anti-Terrorism Act, could affect policies by banks worldwide.

“Congress adopted the Anti-Terrorism Act for the specific purpose of giving American victims and their families the opportunity to bring litigation against ter-

At right: The roughly 300 plaintiffs in the Arab Bank case were either injured themselves or have family members who were killed in 24 different Hamas terror attacks during the Second Intifada, including the pictured suicide bombing at the Sbarro pizzeria in Jerusalem on August 9, 2001. rorists and their funders,” said one of the plaintiffs’ attorneys, Richard Heideman, an international human rights lawyer with

the Washington, DC-based firm Heideman Nudelman and Kalik.

Now, “every terrorist group, every

terrorist supporter, and every funder of terrorism is on notice that the U.S. judicial system will protect the right of the American victims to seek recovery, hold those [terrorists] fully accountable, and gain justice through our American courts,” Heideman told JNS.org.

After 10 years of back-and-forth litigation, a jury of eight women and four men in the Federal Court in the Eastern District of New York in Brooklyn unanimously agreed on September 22 that the Arab Bank knowingly provided material support and funding to individuals and organizations that led to 24 terrorist attacks by Hamas in Israel from 2001-2004.

Numerous cases were consolidated under the lead case, Linde et al. v. Arab Bank PLC, which was filed in 2004. Over the five-week trial, attorneys for the plaintiffs proved that the Arab Bank turned a blind eye to accounts See “Bank” on page 4

Spotlight

Finding the Goldbergs: A Catskills mystery unraveled

By Uriel Heilman MONTICELLO, NY (JTA) – The moment I kicked in the door of the abandoned house in the heart of the Catskills, I felt like I was in an episode of “The Twilight Zone: Borscht Belt edition.”

In some corners it appeared as if the residents were just out for the afternoon.

Pictures and tchotchkes adorned the walls. A mezuzah with the parchment still inside was affixed to a doorpost. A working upright piano sat in one corner.

Ironing boards were open. Mattresses lay on beds; in one room, the beds were still half-made.

But elsewhere, things were in a state of advanced decay. The roof over the kitchen had caved in. The sink was overflowing with rotting leaves. In a bedroom, vines poured in through the window and spread over much of the ceiling. Mold was having its way with the walls.

I had come to the Catskills hoping to get one last look at Kutsher’s, the last of the great Borscht Belt resorts, after hearing the news that its demolition was imminent.

For much of the 20th century, Kutsher’s and other Jewish hotels like it helped make the Catskills the summer destination of choice for New York Jews.

But when I reached the mountains a few days later, I found the roads leading to Kutsher’s blocked by chains and sawhorses posted with warnings against trespassing into the hard-hat zone. I tried to make my way on foot, wading through wet, overgrown grass, but three burly construction workers spotted me and I was forced to beat a hasty retreat.

Which is how I found my way into a crumbling bungalow colony at the edge

of Kutsher’s 1,500 acres.

Aside from the main house with 10 bedrooms and a side building with a dining room and kitchen that I had broken into, there were a handful of bungalows, a pool and a lake. The buildings all were vacant, in varying states of disrepair and overcome by nature.

One room had half a dozen ovens and refrigerators. Opening one fridge, I half expected to find a cold can of Tab. No dice.

In the corner of what appeared to be the living room, there was a public telephone.

I picked it up. No dial tone.

Most of the bedrooms were disheveled or empty, but in one I found toiletries and a shoeshine kit carefully arranged on the dresser, three drab but clean dresses hanging in the closet, and a shelf filled with unused legal pads and blank paper.

Then I spotted the first clue to who may have lived here.

Tucked into the mirror was a photograph of four happy-looking elderly couples posing in front of the lake out back now obscured by foliage. Their names were carefully inscribed on the back: Nat and Sylvia, Herman and Eleanor, Milton and Norma, Jack and Charlotte. There was also a date: August 2001.

Who were these people and why did they leave? What purpose did this odd house serve? Were the people in the photo still alive? When was the house last occupied?

This being the age of the Internet, it took less than an hour of sleuthing, a credit card and $3.95 to unravel the mystery of this strange Catskills time capsule.

The simple part was figuring out who lived there. An address label affixed to

some shelves in the bedroom with the shoeshine kit read Goldberg. That matched the name on a Jewish National Fund Treein-Israel certificate posted on the wall in another room. Along with the photograph I found, I had my target couple: Nat and Sylvia Goldberg.

Combing through online directories and death notices, it didn’t take long to locate family members. Soon I had Nat and Sylvia’s daughter, Judy Viteli, on the line.

She almost cried when I told her where I had been.

“Ah, the kochelein,” she said wistfully.

The what?

“The kochelein,” she said. “It’s a Yiddish word.”

Over the course of several conversations, including one in which we went through old pictures at her kitchen table, Judy and her sister, Paula Goldberg – now 60 and 63, respectively – told me the story of what had transpired half a century ago in that house, why it represented the best years of their lives and how it all came to an end. This is their story.

The KOCHELEIN The kochelein – a term that literally means “cook alone” – represented a particular kind of bungalow colony: a place where several families shared a house but where everyone was responsible for their own food. That’s why there were half a dozen fridges and ovens in the kitchen: Each of the 10 families was allotted half a refrigerator and a shared oven to prepare meals.

A pharmacist from the Bronx, Nat Goldberg began bringing his family to this kochelein, called Fairhill, in 1953, when Judy was still in diapers and her

INSIDE THIS ISSUE BBYO CAN-Tribute

Shabbos Project

BBYO teenagers are holding CAN- A look at the International Tribute, a food drive, at the JCC Shabbos Project, scheduled to be through November 23. held October 24-25 this year.

Story on page 4 Story on page 6

News in brief...

sister Paula was 5. The rest of the house was filled with cousins and close friends, all from the same working-class Bronx neighborhood. Everybody, of course, was Jewish.

There was practically no privacy: Parents and their children slept in the same room, all the families shared only two bathrooms and everyone ate their meals in the shared dining room.

From a kid’s perspective, the summers were idyllic. Days were spent hiking in the woods, swimming in the lake, picking wild blueberries, playing hide-and-seek, trying to sneak into the resort at Kutsher’s and waging endless girls vs. boys wars.

On rainy days, they’d pack into the dining room with their parents to play Mah-Jongg or a variation of rummy, gambling for split peas. After the rain stopped, the kids would run outside to hunt salamanders.

Once the Goldberg kids turned 10, they were allowed to hitchhike into Monticello; their mother would wave good-bye as they climbed into strangers’ cars. On weekends, they might catch rides with their father en See “Catskills” on page 7

Federation on Facebook

The Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania now has a page on Facebook to let community members know about upcoming events and keep connected.

Candle lighting October 24................................... 5:50 pm October 31....................................5:41 pm November 7................................. 4:33 pm

Attacks in Brooklyn are conPLUS demned; Britain’s Parliament casts Opinion........................................................2 a symbolic vote on Palestine.

Jewish Community Center News.........4 Stories on page 9 D’var Torah................................................8

2

THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

a matter of opinion Visions from another generation On September 25, 1916, in the midst of what was then referred to as “the war to end all wars” – long before the slaughter of two-thirds of European Jewry and the birth of the modern state of Israel – the first Annual Meeting of the Jewish Federation of Scranton convened under the chairmanship of its president, Samuel Samter.

He began his address with the following words: “The Talmud tells us that he who saves one life is considered as if he had preserved the whole world. As Jews, and most especially as Jewish leaders, that is our responsibility. This Federation was established as a concerted communal effort, the purpose of which is to care for the sick, the handicapped, the widow and the orphan; to relieve temporary distress; to rehabilitate families; to find employment for those willing and able to work; to furnish personal service to those in need; to provide educational opportunities for our children; to guide the immigrant and help him understand America and become a useful citizen of the land of his adoption. In a word, it aims to do what man should do for man, in a simple and human way.”

This statement was endorsed by the founders of the Scranton Jewish community – people like Jacob Brandwene, Israel Greenberger, Jacob Harris, Leon Levy, A.

has been handed to a new generation. As such, the continuity of Jewish life here, in Israel and around the world now rests upon us.

Remember what it was like for Jews when there was no Jewish state, when even one Jew was considered too many, when the nations of the world closed their doors to our people. Now, more than ever, we have a responsibility to those who will follow in our footsteps to ensure that Masada shall never fall again.

As students of history, we know very Mark silverberG well that we are the barometers of the societies in which we live. The Jewish that became the forerunners of Scranton’s people have been like a cultural surfboard Jewish Community Center, Jewish Family throughout history, riding the crest of Service Agency and the Jewish Home of the world’s civilizations – rising as they rose, falling as they fell, from Babylon Eastern Pennsylvania.

Many of the founders who came to to modern times – but always rising to Northeastern Pennsylvania to build their new and even greater levels of human lives here more than a century ago (and, achievement. If we have learned anything in the case of Honesdale, two centuries from our past, it is that as it has gone with ago) barely spoke English. Yet, despite democracy, so it has gone with us – and antisemitism, despite what must have as it has gone with us, so it has gone with been difficult financial circumstances, democracy. If pain and suffering could enthey were able to educate their children, noble, then truly the Jewish people could care for their poor and indigent, keep challenge the aristocracy of any nation our traditions alive, build synagogues on this earth. So we must never take our and Hebrew schools, establish a Hebrew freedom for granted. Nor must we ever Free Loan Association, build a YMHA take the existence of the Jewish state for and leave sizable endowments to ensure granted, especially today when there are that Jewish life would continue long after those who proudly proclaim their messianic duty to “wipe Israel from the face their time.

They are no longer with us. Now it’s of the earth,” who deny the first Holocaust yet state their intention before an uncaring our turn.

If there are to be thriving Jewish com- world to bring on the second.

I want to close with a brief story – part munities in Northeastern Pennsylvania in the years to come, it will be because of of which you may know and part of which us – because of our collective vision, our you may not. On July 4, 1976, while we collective will, our collective endowments were celebrating our Bicentennial, Israeli and our collective annual UJA gifts for commandos, under cover of darkness, flew our people and for Israel. It is our vision 4,000 miles under enemy radar to rescue that matters today. As President Kennedy 248 passengers, mostly Jews, who had said in an era long since past, the torch been taken hostage by the PLO and flown B. Cohen and Jacob Nogi – many of whose descendants continue to hold leadership positions in this community. These leaders and their contemporaries now rest peacefully in Providence, Dalton and Dunmore cemeteries, but in their time, their vision and commitment built the institutions

from the desk of the executive director

“ The Reporter” (USPS #482) is published bi-weekly by the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania, 601 Jefferson Ave., Scranton, PA 18510.

President: Michael Greenstein Executive Director: Mark Silverberg Executive Editor: Rabbi Rachel Esserman Layout Editor: Diana Sochor Assistant Editor: Michael Nassberg Production Coordinator: Jenn DePersis Graphic Artist: Alaina Cardarelli Advertising Representative: Bonnie Rozen Bookkeeper: Gregory Senger

Opinions The views expressed in editorials and opinion pieces are those of each author and not necessarily the views of the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania.

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to Entebbe, Uganda. When it was over, two passengers and the sayeret matkal leader, Yoni Netanyahu were dead, but because of their sacrifice, hundreds of our people survived.

Now, fast forward 25 years to October 28, 2001 – barely a month after 9/11. Our 2001 Israel Mission participants visited Mt. Herzl, Israel’s military cemetery.

After paying our respects at the grave of Theodore Herzl, we walked through rows and rows of thousands of small white marble gravestones marking the final resting places of those who died so that Israel might live.

We stopped in front of one nondescript grave in the middle of a long row of white marble stones. It was Netanyahu’s grave.

One member of our Mission asked our Israeli guide why Yoni’s gravestone was so ordinary. “After all,” he said, “Yoni Netanyahu is a hero.”

The Mission guide looked at him and replied quietly: “Because everyone who lies here is a hero.”

At moments such as these, we solicit funds for millions of our people in Israel and around the world who cannot plead their case to you. If they could, they would, but that is my job. I ask on their behalf. It is a small price to pay. Israel is sacrificing its children, so that ours will have a Jewish state.

So, in asking for your gift, I ask it for our community, for our people, for Israel and on behalf of the founders of our respective communities who believed that leaving a legacy to ensure Jewish continuity was of paramount importance to their lives. Let us remember what they achieved and sacrificed for us, and why we owe them so much.

Mark Silverberg’s editorials and articles have been archived at www. marksilverberg.com.

Hillel is an open forum

By Eric Fingerhut (JTA) – Once again the love affair between the Jewish people and higher education is back in full bloom. The start of a new school year, and the Jewish New Year, marked the beginning of robust programming for Jewish college students across the globe.

As students dig into their studies, the events in Israel and Gaza this past summer are a hot topic on many campuses.

In response, Hillel International, the largest Jewish student organization in the world – its growing network now serves some 550 campuses in North and South America, Europe, Central Asia, Australia and Israel – is drawing on its expertise in promoting deep and thoughtful discussion. Hillel is sponsoring a broad range of programs to help students understand the issues and how they will affect Israel and its neighbors in the future.

Hillel professionals have heard presentations from both the Israeli ambassador to the United States and the leader of the opposition in the Knesset. Hillel student leaders have organized interfaith gatherings and intercultural dialogues.

Hillel educators have offered seminars and discussions for students to learn about contemporary Israeli society and culture, to reflect on their own relationships with Israel and to develop skills as dialogue facilitators.

Hillel students have also modeled what respectful discourse looks like: At Cooper Union Hillel in New York City, students countered an effort to boycott a speech by the leader of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, and encouraged Jewish students to attend

and listen respectfully, which they did.

And, of course, the tens of thousands of students who attended High Holiday services at Hillel joined Jews all over the world in praying for a year of peace for all people.

What all these activities have in common is they welcome and include students of all backgrounds, all political positions and who have an exceptionally wide array of relationships with their Jewish identities and with Israel. They do so within an environment that is intellectually rigorous, respectful of difference and committed to honest conversation. Hillel is among the most religiously, intellectually, culturally and politically pluralistic organizations in the Jewish world – a testament to both the diversity of Jewish experience and of the college campuses we serve.

Inclusivity and broad-mindedness are part of our core values. All students are always welcome at Hillel. And these values guide all of our work. That work includes listening to all student voices including those of the activists behind the “Open Hillel” campaign and other campus groups.

At the same time, Hillel is deeply dedicated to Israel. From the tens of thousands we’ve led on Taglit-Birthright Israel trips, to the nearly 100 Israelis who serve as Israel Fellows on our campuses, to the many efforts of our professionals to engage and educate students, Israel is a vital part of our mission.

For some, those simultaneous commitments to openness and pluralism on the one hand and to passionate support of Israel on the other may seem contradictory. For Hillel, there is no contradiction.

Our Standards for Partnership, which

were developed in close consultation with local Hillels, are designed to ensure that our efforts uphold these commitments to openness and pluralism and to Israel. Hillel will not partner with organizations that espouse antisemitism, apply a double standard to Israel, spout racism or promote Islamophobia. Such viewpoints do not represent the values of Hillel International nor the overwhelming number of Jewish students and professionals everywhere.

Hillel’s programming decisions are made by thousands of local student leaders, professionals and lay leaders who are dedicated to engaging the largest number of students in Jewish life on their campuses. In doing so, these leaders are guided by their knowledge of the local environment and by Hillel’s vision of encouraging students to build an enduring commitment to Jewish life, learning and Israel.

Recently, a small group of activists who created the “Open Hillel” campaign met at Harvard University. The campaign calls on Hillel to eliminate its Standards of Partnership in order to provide a platform for organizations that promote the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement and other anti-Israel activities.

Several weeks ago, I met with some leaders of this campaign and listened to their concerns. They assured me that they consider themselves a part of Hillel and intend to continue their advocacy within Hillel International. In our meeting, I told the students present what they have already heard from their local Hillel directors: that every student is welcome at Hillel regardless of his or her personal views on Israel See “Hillel” on page 5

october 23, 2014 ■

THE REPORTER

3

community news B’nai Harim programs The members of Congregation B’nai Harim gathered on October 5 to build a sukkah in the parking lot of the temple. While the adults climbed ladders

held by others to prevent falls, the children from the religious school and teen group made decorations.

The celebration was held on October 8 with a small snack and service.

An adult b’nai mitzvah celebrating Gail Green, Phyllis Miller, Leslie Stine and Roberta Pi was held on October 11.

S

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The following are deadlines for all articles and photos for upcoming Reporter issues.

ISSUE

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L-r: Barney Goldfinger, Steve Bram, Aaron Kershenbaum and Lew Stolzenberg built the B’nai Harim sukkah.

Amanda and Marcy Bruckstein and Lauren Green made decorations for the B’nai Harim sukkah.

University of Scranton Judaic Studies to hold lecture

Edmund Rosenblum

The Weinberg Judaic Studies Institute at the University of Scranton has announced a lecture by Edmund Rosenblum, “From Vienna to Omaha Beach,” will be held on Thursday, November 6, at 7:30 pm, in Loyola Science Center 133.

Rosenblum, a Jewish native of Vienna who went on to serve in the United States Army during World War II, will share his expe-

riences, including his early life under the Nazis and as a soldier in the American military confronting the Nazi regime.

Thursday, October 23.................November 6 Thursday, November 6.............November 20 Thursday, November 20............. December 5 Thursday, December 18....................... Jan. 1

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THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

jewish community center news

CAN-Tribute BBYO has partnered with DoSomething.org to create CAN-tribute, a food collection initiative to provide for those in need this holiday season. Scranton BBYO #5348 is participating in the project and has invited the public to help.

BBYO has collection bags and boxes set up outside the Scranton Jewish Community Center from now until Sunday, November 23. The project is based in conjunction with “The Hunger Games,” and each collection bag represents a different “district.” Participants have been encouraged to pick their favorite district to give to as part of a chapter competition. BBYO expressed its appreciation for the community’s help with the initiative.

For any questions about CAN-tribute, email Ellie Sullum at scrantonmazkirah@ gmail.com.

Also this fall, Scranton BBYO has started its new programming year. Members attended a regional convention based on leadership, and returned with ideas and plans to help the chapter “grow and prosper.” Additionally, BBYO held a chapter kick-off program at South Abington Park with a bonfire and potluck dinner. The group plans to hold more fall activities, such as a trip to Roba’s and the annual Back to BBYO Night.

For more information on BBYO Liberty Region, contact Jeff Koch, senior

regional director, at jkoch@bbyo.org.

About BBYO BBYO is the leading pluralistic Jewish teen movement aspiring to involve more Jewish teenagers in more meaningful Jewish experiences. For 90 years, BBYO’s leadership programs Aleph Zadik Aleph high school fraternity and B’nai B’rith Girls high school sorority have been providing leadership programs and identity enrichment experiences, “shaping the confidence and character” of more than 400,000 alumni who are considered to be among the “most prominent” figures in business, politics, academia, the arts and Jewish communal life. BBYO’s network of Jewish teenagers, alumni, parents, volunteers and philanthropists serves as a Jewish community platform for delivering to the post bar/bat mitzvah audience “fun, meaningful and affordable” experiences.

With year-round activities in hundreds of local communities and worldwide travel experiences, BBYO’s programs help teenagers explore areas of leadership, service, civic engagement, Israel education and Jewish values.

BBYO should not be referred to as the B’nai B’rith Youth Organization, but rather by its abbreviation, BBYO. For more information on BBYO, visit www. bbyo.org.

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Bank

of well-known Hamas members, such as the group’s founder, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, and Lebanon-based spokesman Osama Hamdan, as well as Hamas-linked aid organizations like the Saudi Committee for the Support of the Intifada al Quds. According to court documents, the Saudi Committee, under the guise of a humanitarian organization, paid out amounts of around $5,300 to the families of suicide bombers. In total, the bank disbursed up to $100 million to the organization.

According to Heideman, a portion of the funding was provided through front organizations operating as “zakat” (Islamic charity) entities – disbursing funds, including cash payments, through 22 branches in the West Bank and Gaza. Often, these cash payments were given to individuals who were not account holders.

The bank, which is seeking to reverse the verdict in the Second Circuit Court of Appeals, argued that its branch managers checked all individuals against appropriate blacklists, such as those produced by the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (or OFAC), and that the individuals and organizations provided with funds were cleared.

One of the plaintiffs’ witnesses was Matthew Levitt of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, who told the jury that the OFAC list was just “one tool in the toolkit and that banks are responsible to know their own customers and know the nature of the terrorist organizations that exist.”

The plaintiffs argued that under the Know Your Customer provisions of the U.S. Patriot Act of 2001, banks operating in the United States have the responsibility to conduct their own additional research into their clients.

Another one of the plaintiffs’ attorneys, Peter Raven-Hansen, a professor of law and co-director of the national security and U.S. foreign relations law program at George Washington University, said that the jury saw convincing evidence that the bank knew that its customers were terrorists despite passing the “OFAC list filter.”

“In 1999, the United States government designated al-Qaida as a foreign terrorist organization and put it on the OFAC list,” Raven-Hansen told JNS.org. “But suppose in November 2001, Osama bin Laden comes into your bank and seeks to withdraw $100,000 from his account. And the tellers say, ‘My God, that’s Osama bin Laden, I’d know him anywhere.’And they run to their manager and they say, ‘Can we give this man $100,000?’ And the manager says, ‘Let me check the OFAC list. I don’t see Osama bin Laden’s name there so go right ahead.’”

On the other hand, according to RavenHansen, if bin-Laden’s driver came in and asked for the money, the bank could

Continued from page 1

make a better case that they didn’t know, but the driver would have to be properly vetted under KYC rules.

“So the question here is, are the people that the Arab Bank paid more like Osama bin Laden or more like his driver? And the answer is they’re clearly a bunch of bin Ladens,” he said. “It simply offends common sense, and obviously offended the jury, to think that the bank didn’t know who these people were, even though they weren’t listed by name on any list.”

Following the recent verdict, the Arab Bank released a statement slamming the trial and saying that it will pursue an appeal. The bank also claimed that the verdict sets a dangerous precedent for the international banking community.

“Today’s decision, if it stands, exposes the banking industry to enormous liability for nothing other than the processing of routine transactions,” said the statement. “This precedent would create vast uncertainty and risk in the international finance system and accelerate de-risking activities already under way that are reducing the availability of financial services in certain areas of the world and to certain populations.”

The defense also claimed that sanctions applied to certain parts of the bank’s evidence prevented it from conducting a proper defense. The sanctions were a result of a previous court ruling in which the bank declined to produce documents from 10 of 11 accounts of known terrorists which the court felt were highly relevant.

The bank cited privacy laws in Jordan and Palestine as the reason not to disclose those documents.

To level the playing field, those records were made inadmissible for use as evidence by the defense. The bank then sought a hearing from the U.S. Supreme Court, which decided not to take the case and let the sanctions stand.

Nitsana Darshan-Leitner, founder and director of the Israel-based civil rights organization Shurat HaDin, said the decision will send “shock waves” throughout the global banking industry. Darshan-Leitner and her organization have actively pursued similar cases on behalf of terrorism victims in the U.S., Israel and the world, but so far only against organizations and governments such as Iran and the Palestinian Authority.

Although this case took 10 years, Darshan-Leitner, whose clients include some plaintiffs in the Arab Bank case, said that in Israel, cases that were filed as far back as 2000 are still in different stages of litigation. “[In Israel] it tends to be something to which both the courts and the Foreign Ministry are afraid to rule on or get involved,” Darshan-Leitner told JNS.org. “Our cases have been stalled for many years.”

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Short essays from Dr. Morton Tener

Hillel or any other topic in Jewish life.

At the same time, Hillel International stands by its Standards of Partnership.

More importantly, Hillel International will always back the dedicated student leaders, professionals and lay leaders who are supporting vibrant Jewish life on campus.

We work every day to help students find their connection to the Jewish people and

THE REPORTER

5

History of concentration camps

The concentration camp was a camp designed to hold prisoners of war or political prisoners. Such camps made their appearance during the Boer War. Rules as to how prisoners were to be treated in these camps were adopted at the Prague Conferences of 1899 and 1907. These rules provided that prisoners must receive food and clothing. Prisoners were not to be confined except when necessary. At the Geneva Convention of 1922, more rules were added to prevent abuses. These rules were ignored by the Axis powers during World War II. With the rise of the Nazis to power in Germany in 1939, a totalitarian government was inaugurated. The concentration camp became a major weapon to dominate its subjects totally.

Presumably, such camps were to be used to obtain forced labor. The Nazis treated the inmates as things. Indeed, everything in the camp was bent on eradicating the humanity in individuals.

Inmates were carried to the camps in cattle cars. Inside the camp, Jews were marked for early extermination, the Soviets and Poles were to be eventually exterminated, the French were a doubtful category and the Scandinavians as a group were not marked for extermination. The fate of the inmates was a carefully guarded secret.

The point in remembering these atrocities is to prevent their recurrence.

Dr. Morton Tener lives in Glenside, PA. Continued from page 2

live the Jewish values that make this a better world for all people. As we grow, Hillel will continue to hold firm to the values that define the Jewish community worldwide – peoplehood, nationhood and faith in the future.

Eric Fingerhut is the president and chief executive officer of Hillel International.

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The ghetto was a section of medieval cities to which Jews were confined by law.

The ghetto was once characteristic of most cities of Europe. Its effect on Jewish life fostered the growth of a self-contained society. The word “ghetto” was often used to refer to the special economic and social conditions that prevailed in any section of a city to which members of a class or culture were confined. The Jews of the Roman Empire gathered there voluntarily into communities within Roman cities.

The first conscious effect to establish ghettos by law occurred in Germany and Spain from the 11th-14th century. Originally, ghettos were established to protect Jews from persecution. Gradually the ghetto became a place of confinement and generally included the unhealthiest sectors of the city. In the 15th century, the Jews of Italy were forced to live in ghettos and the practice spread throughout Europe.

In spite of congestion, the ghettos were not necessarily drab. They had their culture and religious life. Their charitable, institutors, schools and synagogues promoted cultural experiences.

The spread of political ideals – liberty, equality and fraternity – caused gradual abolition of ghettos in Europe. At the beginning of World War II, the Nazis reintroduced the old medieval-type ghetto with enclosed walls. The ghettos were completely destroyed in the fighting during the final months of the war.

The only ghettoes today are those corresponding to the more general definition of the word’s cultural shaping.

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6

THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

Friends of The Reporter Dear Friend of The Reporter, Each year at this time the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania calls upon members of our community to assist in defraying the expense of issuing our regional Jewish newspaper, The Reporter.

The newspaper is delivered twice of month (except for December and July which are single issue months) to each and every identifiable Jewish home in Northeastern Pennsylvania.

columns that cover everything from food to entertainment.

The Federation assumes the financial responsibility for funding the enterprise at a cost of $26,400 per year and asks only that we undertake a small letter writing mail campaign to our recipients in the hope of raising $10,000 from our readership to alleviate a share of that responsibility.

We would be grateful if you would care enough to take the time to make a donation for our efforts in bringing The Reporter to your door.

As the primary Jewish newspaper of our region, we have tried to produce a quality publication for you that offers our readership something on everythingfrom opinions and columns on controversial issues that affect our people and our times, to publicity for the events of our affiliated agencies and organizations to life cycle events, teen columns, personality profiles, letters to the editor, the Jewish community calendar and other

As always, your comments, opinions and suggestions are always welcome.

With best wishes, Mark Silverberg, Executive Director Jewish Federation of NE Pennsylvania 601 Jefferson Avenue Scranton, PA 18510

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Movement of the people

By Simon Apfel Reprinted from The Jerusalem Post JOHANNESBURG – The office is in pandemonium.

Bearing a hunted expression, one of its habitants, busy on a call, begins gesticulating wildly as another two phones start to ring. Another types furiously with one hand while shoveling tuna into her mouth with the other. A bellow comes from the top of the stairs: “Anyone know how to speak Spanish?” Someone makes a wisecrack but it goes unheeded. Seems nobody even heard it.

No, this isn’t a scene from “The Wire” or a crack investigative unit plotting the fall of an international crime syndicate. These are the headquarters of the International Shabbos Project, an ambitious attempt to encourage all of world Jewry to observe one Shabbat in October.

And it is from this unassuming Johannesburg office that a core team of around 20 personnel have, since February, been working around the clock, ironing out logistics, creating and refining marketing materials, growing partner networks and securing international celebrity endorsements for what is surely one of the most ambitious Jewish identity initiatives ever undertaken.

The initiative comes on the heels of a smaller-scale “Shabbos Project” last year, spearheaded by South African Chief Rabbi Dr. Warren Goldstein, in which the vast majority of the country’s Jews ended up keeping the Shabbat of October 11-12 in its entirety. It was the first time for most of them.

“In the aftermath, we had so many people writing in from around the world, all wanting to implement the Shabbos Project in their own communities,” said Goldstein. “We couldn’t turn away from that.”

What they decided on seemed even more far-fetched than the original idea, yet South Africa’s chief rabbi insists it was the next logical step. “This is how we came up with the idea of an International Shabbos Project – one Shabbat celebrated and kept in full – across the Jewish world, by the entire Jewish people, at the same time.”

There is no doubt it is an outrageously ambitious initiative. Yet, already it is looking like a masterstroke.

To date, more than 800 Shabbos Project partners from 150 cities around the world have come forward to run the initiative in their cities and communities.

“Crucially, these aren’t just people supporting the Shabbos Project as individuals or pledging to keep Shabbat on their own,” explained Laurence Horwitz, who heads up the central office. “Rather, these are religious and communal leaders, or simply passionate individuals, who have committed to bringing others on board using all resources at their disposal – their community structures, their personal influence, their networks and affiliations.”

Most gratifyingly, the Shabbos Project partners are drawn from across the Jewish world and span the spectrum from strictly Torah-observant to those of a more secular persuasion. There are heads of political movements, communal organizations and student unions.

There are chief rabbis and roshei yeshivot. And there are scores of fervent “laymen” eager to lend a hand in whichever way they can to make the October 24-25 Shabbat a success.

As is to be expected, the majority hail from Israel or North America (including 55 in Jerusalem and 112 in New York), but there are also partners throughout South America, Eastern and Western Europe, Australia and even Southeast Asia.

The head office team has been tasked with engaging with the international network, and with ensuring their Shabbos Project activities are aligned, well-supported and in step with the spirit and specifics of the Shabbos Project’s core tenets.

“The central office comprises strategists, social media experts, project managers, designers and writers,” said Horwitz. “The idea is to provide our international partners with strategic direction, marketing materials and other support, while overseeing and coordinating the initiative on a global scale.”

This support includes everything from an international website, Facebook page and standardized content that can be adapted to suit local needs, to a four-part “timeline” laying out the detailed steps for partners to follow in the lead-up to the launch, based on the South African case study.

Needless to say, Horwitz’s team have had their work cut out for them. “Quite frankly, we’ve been amazed at how things have taken off, and we’ve constantly had to bring in new people and marshal additional resources as the partner base has grown... To have more than 800 active partners at this early stage is remarkable – and they are continuing to stream forward!”

See “People” on page 11

october 23, 2014 ■

Catskills

THE REPORTER

7

Continued from page 1

route to the racetrack.

On Saturday nights, when the adults went out, the kids left to their own devices smoked, played kissing games and did whatever else they could think of that their parents had forbidden.

“Every one of us will tell you it was the best time of our lives,” Paula said of those summers. “Our mothers never knew where we were and didn’t care.”

For the adults, the bungalow colony was both an extension of and a break from their lives in the crowded Jewish enclaves of the Bronx. It was mostly the same people, but there was cleaner air, less privacy and less testosterone: The men, who worked Monday to Friday, came up only on weekends; the women and children stayed all summer.

“It was a total matriarchy,” Paula said.

It was the 1950s, before three major factors destroyed the Jewish Catskills: air conditioning, which made staying in the city more palatable; declining discrimination against Jews, which opened up previously unavailable summertime alternatives; and the rise of the working woman, which made moving away for the summer untenable.

The bungalow colony was not for the wealthy. Accommodations were simple. Water came from a well. When it went dry one summer, the families went days without showering and walked around with divining rods. The swimming pool – now cracked, overgrown and shrouded by trees – wasn’t built until sometime in the late ‘50s.

With the exception of Nat Goldberg, none of the men at the kochelein had gone to college, and they all worked blue-collar jobs. Jewish families with more money went to resorts like Kutsher’s, where meals, entertainment and a wide range of recreational facilities were included. At Kutsher’s, residents of bungalow colonies like the Fairhill kochelein were referred to derisively as “bungees.”

Entertainment at the kochelein was mostly homemade: Someone would play the piano or the adults would hold silly parties where everyone wore their clothes backward or husbands and wives swapped clothing or held mock weddings or soup-eating contests.

The men were constantly pranking each other. In the mornings, the first thing everyone would do was get in line for the bathroom, toothbrush and soap in hand.

With as many as 40 people sharing just two bathrooms, dillydallying was severely frowned upon – not least by your stern, socially conscious mother.

“Everything happened in front of everybody else – all the babying, all the disciplining,” Judy recalled. “There was no private place to yell at anybody.”

One morning when she was 11, Judy had to conceal a hickey she said a boy had forced on her neck the night before.

“It was the summer, you couldn’t wear a scarf,” she said.

“So I put on makeup before I came out from the top of my head down to my neck thinking nobody would notice.”

To no avail. As soon as she walked into the dining room, a girl named Arlene spotted it and broke into peals of laughter. Judy was humiliated; her mother made her wear pancake makeup until the hickey subsided.

The food was kosher – to some degree. At home in the Bronx, Sylvia would let her kids have milk after meat, but at the bungalow colony she was stricter because Aunt Faye was sitting at the next table.

“We used to pretend to be kosher,” Judy said. “It was shameful if you weren’t kosher. But people were different degrees of kosher.”

Because the ladies didn’t drive, the mothers would list the groceries they needed in a spiral notebook hanging from a hook in the dining room, and the Polish Catholic family that owned the property – Alex and Mary Chicko – would go to town every day to buy the provisions, adding a penny or two to each item as a delivery fee.

The families all shared a single public telephone. If Milton should phone from the city to speak to his wife who was down by the lake, whoever answered would get on the P.A. system and make the announcement, summoning Norma to the receiver.

If the kids misbehaved, the parents would punish them by dragging them along to Kutsher’s shows instead of leaving them behind with their boyfriends and girlfriends.

The kochelein was a matriarchy, with women running the show while their husbands mostly came up just for weekends. This photo was taken in August 1956.

(Photo courtesy of Paula Goldberg) For Paula, one kochelein relationship proved to have special staying power: with Mark Goldberg, a boy whose family had been coming to the Fairhill kochelein since the 1920s. She was 5 and he was 6 when they met, and they began “going together” in the summer of 1959. That was when 13-year-old Mark asked Paula to a movie theater in town to see “Journey to the Center of the Earth,” and the two kissed during the film – with their eyes open, Paula says.

“He was fresh; he was a bad boy,” Paula said with a mischievous smile.

The two broke up at the end of every summer and then got back together the following July. Some summers Mark’s family didn’t go up to the mountains, but Mark always came – even if it was in the care of someone else’s parents. That is, until the summer of ‘66, when Mark’s father collapsed at the kochelein of a heart attack and died. Mark was 19.

When Mark was 22 and Paula was 21, they married. The couple recently celebrated their 45th wedding anniversary.

The later years By the 1960s, things had begun changing at the kochelein. A pool had been built. Two more bathrooms were added to the main house. There had been three or four bungalows onsite at least since the early ‘50s, but in the ‘60s the owners decided to build several more, enlisting the summertime kids to help.

Most significantly, the owners cut a deal that traded the use of part of their land to Kutsher’s in exchange for nightly passes to the resort’s shows. Kutsher’s eventually bought the bungalow colony outright.

“That changed our lives,” Paula recalled. “Our parents could get dressed up and go every night and see all the Borscht Belt comedians. They could go dancing on the stage. Our little bungalow colony had very special power based on the land.”

Judy says she enjoyed the shows, except for one thing: “The comedians would tell their joke, and then the punchline would be in Yiddish. I’d ask Mom what he said and she’d say, ‘I’ll tell you later.’”

When she was old enough, Judy began working summers at Kutsher’s as a camp counselor. It was hard work, she says: 12-hour days, six days a week, for just $15 per week. At the kochelein, the traditions continued.

At summer’s end, when each family finished packing up the car to leave, the remaining families would assemble for a parting ceremony. They’d all bang pots and pans and sing a song to the tune of the “The Farmer in the Dell”: “We hate to see you go / We hate to see you go / We hope to heck you never come back / We hate to see you go.”

The Goldbergs were usually the last to leave.

“We left a day later than everyone else because God forbid we should get stuck in traffic,” Paula recalled.

As they graduated high school and college, the number of kids at the bungalow colony dwindled. Some went up only for weekends, some not at all.

Even as the Catskills fell into decline in the ‘70s and ‘80s, the adults kept going to the Fairhill kochelein – relishing the space without kids, according to Paula.

They stopped only when they couldn’t physically do it, obstructed by illness, death or retirement to Florida. By the 1990s, most of the kochelein’s rooms were empty.

But not the Goldbergs’; they were diehards. Even when Nat and Sylvia took a place in Florida for the winter,

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they would return to Monticello for the summers. Sylvia kept three separate bottles of moisturizer so she could travel lighter: at her bedside at the kochelein, in Florida and in Yonkers, where the couple moved when they left the Bronx. (Snooping around the abandoned property, I spotted Sylvia’s bottle of moisturizer.)

With the surrounding area growing shabbier every year, the Goldberg kids tried to convince their parents to stop going to the kochelein – or at least get a room for the summer at Kutsher’s, which by now they could afford. But Nat and Sylvia wouldn’t budge.

“To me it was depressing to go up in those later years,” Judy said. “My mother’s sister used to bring up all her money for the summer and hide it in her room. When she had a stroke in the middle of one summer, her son asked us to find the money and we couldn’t. Eventually someone found it.”

The last few summers the Goldbergs spent at the bungalow colony, they were the only couple there.

“It was eerie,” Judy said. “You would go upstairs and all the other rooms were abandoned looking.” Nat and Sylvia would spend their days at Kutsher’s – Sylvia in pottery classes making tchotchkes that she’d take back to the kochelein and hang on the walls, Nat outside organizing shuffleboard games. At the end of the day, they would go back to their big, empty house at the bungalow colony to eat and sleep. Though there were half a dozen refrigerators, they still confined themselves to the same half-fridge they always used.

“It felt like the ‘Twilight Zone’ to me,” Paula said.

“Dad was 92. We were scared already. They were living alone in that big house and crossing over to the dining room for meals. They were anachronisms.”

Finally, in the summer of 2002, after 50 years of summers at Fairhill, the Goldberg kids managed to convince their parents to forego the kochelein for the following summer, and they booked rooms at Kutsher’s for 10 weeks starting in June 2003. But when Nat and Sylvia left the kochelein at the end of August 2002, Sylvia was complaining about feeling tired, and she spent that fall in and out of doctor’s offices. She was diagnosed with cancer.

“After we booked them into 10 weeks at Kutsher’s, my mother felt like a very rich lady,” Paula said. “Even when she was in hospice, she thought she’d spend the summer at the hotel.”

Sylvia never made it. She died in July 2003.

Nat, 10 years her senior, held on for nearly another decade, living until the age of 100. He died in June 2010.

Today, the Jewish Catskills is largely a relic. There are still a few bungalow colonies scattered about, and some haredi Orthodox camps have put down stakes, but all the great Jewish hotels have been sold off or abandoned to nature and decay.

Kutsher’s, the last holdout, was sold in late 2013 for $8.2 million to Veria Lifestyle Inc., a company owned

by Indian billionaire Subhash Chandra. He plans to build a new health and wellness resort at the site.

Decades on, the kochelein still maintains a hold on the Goldberg sisters – and many of the others who spent their childhood summers there. In 1996, when the sisters held a 50th anniversary party for their parents at Paula’s Westchester home, many of the old kochelein kids showed up for the occasion.

“They were like family,” Paula says.

At Paula’s insistence, she and Mark used to drive to Monticello every year on August 2, the anniversary of their first date. Then last year, for the first time, Paula decided she didn’t want to go anymore. It was just too sad and spooky.

From what I saw on my foray there, it’s also dangerous. There’s no telling when a floor might collapse or the roof cave in. The property is a wreck.

But it’s also full of artifacts – enough for an enterprising visitor to decode the mystery of the copious fridges, the half-full bottle of moisturizer, the piano in the corner of the dining room. Enough, that is, to tell the Goldbergs’ story.

Notice to our Pocono Readers 911 Emergency Management Services has been updating mailing addresses in Monroe County and Lehman Townships in Pike County. Please don't forget to notify the Federation so you will continue to receive The Reporter.

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8

THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

d’var torah Will the real Noah please stand up?

by RABBI STEVEN P. NATHAN, JEWISH FELLOWSHIP OF HEMLOCK FARMS, THE SYNAGOGUE OF PIKE COUNTY Noach, Genesis 6:9-11:32 Noah haya ish tadik v’tamim b’dorotav. Noah was a righteous man, blameless in his age. This simple verse with which our parasha opens has been the basis for much discussion by the rabbis and others through the generations. In 12th century France, perhaps Rashi encapsulated the argument best. To paraphrase him, “On the one hand the fact that Noah could be a righteous man in an age when everyone else was so debased and immoral makes him more worthy; on the other hand, he was only considered righteous in comparison to the unrighteous ones of his age. Had he lived in the time of Abraham, when righteousness abounded, he would not have been considered righteous at all.” So... will the real Noah please stand up? Was he a righteous man bravely facing the injustice of his age, or was he simply an OK guy who seemed good because everyone else was so bad?

The consensus of our rabbis of old seemed to be that Noah was what they call in Yiddish a tzaddik im pelz.

Literally, this means a righteous person in a fur coat.

Personally, this is one of my favorite images. This is so not only because of the possibility for humor to be found in the image of Noah sitting around in a fur coat, something that not even Bill Cosby could have imagined, but because the image is so descriptive in its simplicity.

Imagine a freezing cold day in a time when central heating was non-existent. In those days, there were two ways of keeping warm, wrapping yourself in fur or blankets or lighting a fire. One way you take care of your needs only.

The other way you may not be quite as warm yourself, but you also help give warmth to others. Noah clearly seems to be the former at first glance. He takes care of himself and his family and the animals on the ark, but does little

to help the rest of humanity. This is in stark contrast to his descendant Abraham who, when told about the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, argued with God to save the people of those cities if even 10 righteous people could be found.

Noah is righteous because he follows God’s word, but he is lacking because he doesn’t go beyond the direct command of God and try to help others. Or was he?

It is true that one has to look at the nature of Noah’s righteousness in the context of his generation. But the different interpretations do not necessarily make him out to be more or less righteous. Perhaps then it is not a matter of how righteous he was, but what was the nature of his righteousness. Perhaps it wasn’t that he was a tzaddik im pelz, taking care only of his own needs. Perhaps instead he was simply a humble man who didn’t have the strength to argue with God because he didn’t view himself as particularly righteous or as a leader. Again, we contrast this with Abraham who was clearly a leader and a strong personality, both in the biblical text and in the midrash.

After all, it takes a lot of strength and security to smash your father’s idols – both literally and figuratively.

The Chasidic Rebbe Yechiel of Alexander reminds us of the teaching of his rebbe, Simcha Bunim of Przysucha, that each of us must carry two slips of paper in our pockets.

On the first slip is written the verse from Genesis 18:27, “I am but dust and ashes.” On the second slip is written the talmudic verse “For my sake was the world created.”

(Talmud Sanhedrin 37) Depending on where we are in our lives, each of these verses is meant to serve as a corrective, for the yetzer ha’rah, the inclination to evil that exists within each of us, can lead us to feelings of self-exaltation or selfdenigration, depending on the situation. Bunm’s teaching reminds us that when we are feeling an excess of pride we must remember that each of us is but dust and ashes.

See “Noah” on page 10

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To determine the amount you need to endow your entire campaign gift, multiply your current annual gift by 20.

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For more information contact Mark Silverberg at Mark.Silverberg@jewishnepa.org or call 570-961-2300, ext. 1.

october 23, 2014 ■

THE REPORTER

9

NEWS IN bRIEF From JTA

NYC officials, Jewish leaders condemn Brooklyn attacks

Religious leaders and elected officials in New York City denounced two recent attacks in Brooklyn – against a deli and a JCC executive. A news conference was held on Oct. 14 at Brooklyn Borough Hall three days after dozens of teenagers were caught on tape vandalizing a Chasidic Jewish-owned deli in the Crown Heights neighborhood. The store owner, Yanki Klein, told CrownHeights.info that teens often come to his store to steal things and yell “heil Hitler.” The previous week, Leonard Petlakh, the executive director of the Kings Bay Y, allegedly was assaulted by pro-Palestinian protesters following an exhibition basketball game between the Brooklyn Nets and Israel’s Maccabi Tel Aviv at the Barclays Center. The New York Police Department is investigating both incidents and treating Petlakh’s case as a potential hate crime, according to the News 12 Brooklyn television station. “We need good people to speak out whenever and wherever anti-Jewish violence should occur, not just at Barclays but anywhere in our city and beyond,” state Assemblyman Steven Cymbrowitz said at the news conference.

Other speakers included Brooklyn Borough President Eric Adams, City Comptroller Scott Stringer, Public Advocate Letitia James, Jewish Community Relations Council of New York CEO Michael Miller, as well as Jewish, Christian and Muslim clergy.

The Crown Heights neighborhood is home to large numbers of Jews affiliated with the Chabad-Lubavitch Chasidic sect and also has a sizable black population. It was the site of a three-day riot in 1991 in which a rabbinical student was killed.

Israeli Embassy: British Palestine motion undermines peace

Israel’s embassy in London condemned the British Parliament’s symbolic vote for recognizing Palestinian statehood as undermining peace efforts. The embassy staff posted the statement the night of Oct. 13 on the embassy’s Facebook page after a majority of 274 lawmakers passed a nonbinding motion that called on the government to “recognize the state of Palestine alongside the state of Israel as a contribution to securing a negotiated two-state solution.” Twelve lawmakers opposed the motion; Cabinet members of Prime Minister David Cameron abstained. In its reaction, the embassy wrote: “The route to Palestinian statehood runs through the negotiation room.” It added, “Premature international recognition sends a troubling message to the Palestinian leadership that they can evade the tough choices that both sides have to make, and actually undermines the chances to reach a real peace.” Hanan Ashrawi, a senior official of the Palestine Liberation Organization and former Palestinian Authority Cabinet minister, praised the British Parliament for the vote, which she described in a statement as sending “the right message to the British government and the rest of Europe” and creating “the right environment for the international community to grant the Palestinian people legal parity and rights.” During deliberations ahead of the vote, a lawmaker for Cameron’s Conservative Party, Andrew Bridgen, was quoted as suggesting that because of “the power of the Jewish lobby in America, it falls to this country and to this House to be the good but critical friend that Israel needs.” The vote, he wrote, “just might lift that logjam on this very troubled area.” In response to the vote, the Board of Deputies of British Jews issued a statement on Oct. 13 saying that it and

most British Jews support a two-state solution, in line with Israeli and British government policy. “This evening’s vote was a statement of intent, which says nothing about the timing for recognition of Palestinian statehood,” the board wrote. “We understand, therefore, the desire of some MPs to use it to express their support for a two-states solution, although we are concerned that the vote will be misused to undermine meaningful negotiations.”

U.N.’s Ban in Gaza to “listen directly to the people”

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon arrived in Gaza as Israel allowed large amounts of construction material to enter the area. Ban entered the Gaza Strip through the Erez crossing on Oct. 14 as part of his visit to Israel and the Palestinian Authority to observe conditions in the wake of Israel’s war this summer with Hamas, which resulted in the death of more than 2,000 Palestinians and 73 Israelis, as well as substantial damage to buildings and infrastructure in Gaza. The U.N. leader’s visit comes as Israel announced that more reconstruction supplies would be allowed to flow into the strip. Initial reports indicated that there has already been some loosening of restrictions, with goods being able to leave Gaza for the West Bank for the first time in years, the news site middleeasteye.net reported.

Gisha, an Israeli nonprofit, reported that two truckloads of goods were allowed to leave from Gaza for the West Bank for the first time since 2007. On Oct. 13, Israeli Foreign Minister Avigdor Liberman said that the “border crossings are still in our hands,” although he stressed that he would continue to work with the United Nations and the Palestinian Authority to kick-start the reconstruction process. Ban said he was visiting the enclave, which is controlled by Hamas since it seized power there in 2007, to “listen directly to the people of Gaza,” worldbulletin.net quoted him as saying. Ban’s visit follows an international donors conference in Cairo over the Oct. 12 weekend in which $5.4 billion was raised to help Gaza reconstruction. During the meeting, which was not attended by Hamas or Israel, it was agreed that the United Nations would supervise the use of any construction material or heavy equipment in the strip to assure that it was not used to rebuild Hamas tunnels.

In talks with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Oct. 13, Ban condemned the construction of settlements beyond Israel’s 1967 borders. “This does not send the right signals, and I urge the government of Israel to reverse these activities,” Ban said.

Ashes of non-Jewish commander of WWI’s Jewish Legion to be buried in Israel

The remains of the commander of World War I’s Jewish Legion were brought to Israel, fulfilling his wish to be buried there alongside his former soldiers. The ashes of Lt.-Col. John Henry Patterson and his wife, Frances Helena, will be buried in a plot at Moshav Avihayil overlooking the military section of the local cemetery that includes the remains of many Jewish Legion veterans, the Prime Minister’s Office said in a statement issued on Oct. 12. They had been interred in a Los Angeles mausoleum. The interment ceremony will be held near the Nov. 10 birthday of Patterson, a Christian Zionist, according to the Prime Minister’s Office, and the nearby Jewish Legion Museum will hold a memorial service in his honor. Patterson died in 1947. The effort to bring the Pattersons’ remains to Israel took three years and involved obtaining the approval of their grandson, Alan, as well as the permission of a U.S. court.

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10

THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

Noah

October 2014

• Non-Feature Films •

*NEW* Everything is a Present: The Wonder and Grace of Alice Sommer Hertz - This is the uplifting true story of the gifted pianist Alice Sommer Hertz who survived the Theresienstat concentration camp by playing classical piano concerts for Nazi dignitaries. Alice Sommer Hertz lived to the age of 106. Her story is an inspiration.

Follow Me: The Yoni Netanyahu Story - Yoni Netanyahu was a complex, passionate individual thrust into defending his country in a time of war and violence. The older brother of Benjamin Natanyahu, the current Israel Prime Minister, Yoni led the miraculous raid on Entebbe in 1976. Although almost all of the Entebbe hostages were saved, Yoni was the lone military fatality. Featuring three Israeli Prime Ministers and recently released audio from the Entebbe raid itself.

Hava Nagila (The Movie) - A documentary romp through the history, mystery and meaning of the great Jewish standard. Featuring interviews with Harry Belafonte, Leonard Nimoy and more, the film follows the ubiquitous party song on its fascinating journey from the shtetls of Eastern Europe to the kibbutzim of Palestine to the cul-de-sacs of America.

Inside Hana’s Suitcase - The delivery of a battered suitcase to Fumiko Ishioka at the Tokyo Holocaust Museum begins the true-life mystery that became the subject of Karen Levine’s best-selling book Hana’s Suitcase. The film follows Fumiko’s search to discover the details of Hana’s life, which leads to the discovery of her brother George in Toronto. *NEW* Israel: The Royal Tour - Travel editor Peter Greenberg (CBS News) takes us on magnificent tour of the Jewish homeland, Israel. The tour guide is none other than Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The viewer gets a chance to visit the land of Israel from his own home!

Jews and Baseball: An American Love Story (narrated by Dustin Hoffman) - This documentary portrays the contributions of Jewish major leaguers and the special meaning that baseball has had in the lives of American Jews. More than a film about sports, this is a story of immigration, assimilation, bigotry, heroism, the passing on of traditions, the shattering of stereotypes and, most of all, the greatest American pastime. *NEW* Nicky’s Family - An enthralling documentary that artfully tells the story of how Sir Nicholas Winton, now 104, a British stockbroker, gave up a 1938 skiing holiday to answer a friend’s request for help in Prague and didn’t stop helping until the war’s beginning stopped him. He had saved the lives of 669 children in his own personal Kindertransport. *NEW*Shanghai Ghetto - One of the most amazing and captivating survival tales of WWII, this documentary recalls the strange-but-true story of thousands of European Jews who were shut out of country after country while trying to escape Nazi persecution. Left without options or entrance visa, a beacon of hope materialized for them on the other side of the world, and in the unlikeliest of places, Japanese-controlled Shanghai.

The Case for Israel - Democracy’s Outpost - This documentary presents a vigorous case for Israel- for its basic right to exist, to protect its citizens from terrorism, and to defend its borders from hostile enemies. *NEW* The Jewish Cardinal - This is the amazing true story of Jean-Marie Lustiger, the son of PolishJewish immigrants, who maintained his cultural identity as a Jew even after converting to Catholicism at a young age, and later joining the priesthood.

The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg - As baseball’s first Jewish star, Hammerin’ Hank Greenberg’s career contains all the makings of a true American success story.

Unmasked: Judaophobia - The Threat to Civilization – This documentary exposes the current political assault against the State of Israel fundamentally as a war against the Jewish people and their right to self-determination.

• Feature Films •

Fill the Void - This is the story of an eighteen-year-old, Shira, who is the youngest daughter of her family. Her dreams are about to come true as she is set to be married. Unexpectedly, her sister dies while giving birth to her first child. The drama of the story reaches its peak when the girls’ mother proposes a match between Shira and the young widower. Shira will have to choose between her heart’s wish and her family duty.

Footnote - The winner of the Cannes Film Festival (Best Screenplay) is the tale of a great rivalry between a father and son, two eccentric professors, who have both dedicated their lives to work in Talmudic Studies. Each has a need for recognition in his chosen field and the day comes when father and son must look deeply inside themselves for the truth- advancement of his own career or of the others.

Hidden in Silence - Przemysl, Poland, WWII. Germany emerges victorious over the Russians and the city comes under Nazi control. The Jews are sent to the ghettos. While some stand silent, Catholic teenager, Stefania Podgorska, chose the role of a savior and sneaks 13 Jews into her attic.

Noodle (compatible only on PAL – DVD players - Hebrew with English subtitles) This film was a beloved entry in the Jewish Federation of NEPA’s Jewish Film Festival. It tells the heartwarming story of an Israeli stewardess, Miri, whose personal life as a war widow leaves her without much joy. Everything changes for Miri when her Oriental housemaid disappears one day leaving her with her young Oriental child!

The Boy in the Striped Pajamas - Based on the best- selling novel, this movie is unforgettable. Set during WWII, the movie introduces us to Bruno, an innocent eight-year-old, ignores his mother and sets of on an adventure in the woods. Soon he meets a young boy and a surprising friendship develops. *NEW* The Concert - Andrei Filipov was prodigy- at 20 he was the celebrated conductior for Russia’s renowned Bolshoi Orchestra. Thirty years later, still at the Bolshoi, he works as a janitor. Ousted during the communist era when he refused to fire the Jewish members of the orchestra, a broken Andrei now cleans the auditorium where he once performed in front of thousands.

The Debt - In 1966, three Mossad agents were assigned to track down a feared Nazi war criminal hiding in East Berlin, a mission accomplished at great risk and personal cost- or was it?

The Other Son - As he is preparing to join the Israeli army for his national service, Joseph discovers he is not his parents’ biological son and that he was inadvertently switched at birth with Yacine, the son of a Palestinian family from the West Bank. This revelation turns the lives of these two families upsidedown, forcing them to reassess their respective identities, their values and beliefs. *Just added to the Jewish Federation’s Film Lending Library!

Continued from page 8 Conversely, when feeling worthless we must not forget that the world was created for each of our sakes.

Bunim believed that Noah, surrounded by evil and licentiousness, must have felt dejected and depressed, yet he acted as if the world were created for him. That was at the heart of his righteousness. Bunim interprets the opening verse of the parasha as meaning that Noah viewed himself as righteous and blameless because he held fast to the belief that the world was created for his sake. Now you could argue that he took this dictum too much to heart by ignoring everyone else and yet, says Bunim, he needed to hold fast to this belief in order to remain righteous amidst such wickedness. However, he continues, had Noah lived in the time of Abraham he would have instead considered himself as dust and ashes. Not because he was unrighteous, but because in a time when one is surrouned by righteousness a degree of humility is needed in order to keep things in balance.

And so that brings us back to Rashi’s original question: was Noah considered righteous only because he lived in the time he did? Based on the Chasidic sources I just cited, I would say that the answer is no. Rather, the verse can be interpreted to mean that Noah considered himself as righteous in order to stand up to the evil in the world and not be swallowed up by it. Had he lived in Abraham’s time, he would have considered himself as dust in order to compel himself to continue his righteous behavior rather than resting on the laurels of that generation. In either case, Noah would be the same Noah exhibiting the same behavior.

But the question still remains, why didn’t he stand up to God and challenge the destruction of humanity as Abraham was later to challenge God’s plan to destroy the people of Sodom and Gomorrah? Perhaps the answer is simply that Abraham had the luxury of being able to stand up to God because, with the exception of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah (and probably a few others), he had basically lived among the righteous. On the other hand, Noah – surrounded by evil – knew that if the people of the world were saved it would simply provide more opportunities for him, and the few other righteous people, to be tempted into joining the crowd. Noah became a tzaddik im pelz, wrapping himself in the protective warmth of his righteousness in order to protect him from being dragged down to the level of everyone else around him.

I believe this interpretation holds a message for our world today. So many people today feel as if maintaining the moral high road is a difficult, if not impossible, task.

Drugs, violence, prejudice, excess and greed seem to dominate so much of our society. Whether in the streets of our cities, the halls of our school, on television and movies or in the seats of government and finance, today there are many who are held up as virtuous though they are deemed so only in contrast with the corruption that surrounds them. There are others in public positions who pretend to be virtuous because they don’t want to be associated with corruption.

For our children today, trying to be righteous is not an easy task. They are surrounded by peers and others who are participating in less than desirable activities; they see leaders on both the national and local level who are engaged in immoral activity or exhibiting pseudo-morality by clearly skirting around certain issues rather than simply confessing to human transgressions. It is easy in this kind of environment to believe that we are all but dust and ashes, and to sink to the lowest common denominator. But the answer from Jewish tradition is to do just the opposite. Like Noah, we must remember in the face of everything around us that the world was created for the sake of each and every one of us. We must also remember that, though it may seem like corruption and immorality is rampant, as in the days of Noah, that there are more people out there who are taking the high road and acting in moral ways than the media and others would lead us to believe. In order to teach ourselves and our children to be righteous in our age, we must look up to those who serve as examples, whether they be leaders, politicians, teachers or clergy, or whether it’s simply the person down the street or your local mail carrier.

We must also try not to be a tzaddik im pelz whenever possible. For when we do, we are closing ourselves off from the rest of the community and the others who may be on the path with us. We are separating ourselves from those other people striving for righteousness who can support us and to whom we can lend support. However, if, like Noah, any of us are put in a situation where it seems that everyone around us is taking the low road, it is then that we must wrap ourselves in the warmth of Torah and tradition and of the ethics and values imparted to us by our heritage and by our families, and cut ourselves off from those around us – no matter who they are or how attractive they might seem to us – if we are in danger of being dragged down with them. This is the message that we must give to our youth, and that is the way we must all live our lives, if we are to turn our world around and work toward the day when we can say of all humanity that we are righteous in our age – or in any age.

october 23, 2014 ■

THE REPORTER

People So how did such a vast network develop so quickly? Several months back, Goldstein began visiting communities around the world, meeting with local and global Jewish leaders and telling them about the success of the Shabbos Project pilot in a bid to drum up support for the international version. From these meetings, partners began steadily trickling in, but it was the release of the Shabbos Project video that turned the trickle into a torrent.

“It’s one thing telling people something, but it’s obviously much more powerful showing it to them,” Horwitz explained. “The video enabled us to showcase the success of last year’s Shabbos Project in South Africa by capturing the deep emotions felt in its wake by people across the community.

“The video has proved to be the spark, setting off a chain reaction across the Jewish world and inspiring hundreds of partners to come forward.”

Links in the chain Saj Frieberg is a campus rabbi at Florida’s Miami Dade College, the second-largest tertiary institution in the U.S. The video brought him to tears, and he immediately wrote in, pledging to support the Shabbos Project in any way he could.

A veteran Shabbaton coordinator with an active list of more than 150 host families and contacts in Hollywood, Bal Harbour, Boca, Kendall and other cities, Frieberg has promised to put his extensive network at the disposal of the Shabbos Project.

“Any help I can provide in bringing this remarkable initiative to Miami would be a privilege,” he said.

Avremi Joseph, project manager at Jewish House, a community support center based in Sydney, first heard about the success of the Shabbos Project from his friends in South Africa. With the help of community leaders, Rabbi Benji Levy and businessman Jonathan Gavshon, a committee of around 100 members has been set up to coordinate the Shabbos Project across the Australian city.

“I believe this is a project that can inspire and unite not just our own community, but

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Continued from page 6

the entire Jewish nation,” said Joseph, “and I’m extremely excited to be involved.”

Based in Leipzig, the Lauder Foundation’s Noah Kunin runs outreach programs for Jewish students throughout Germany.

His goal is to get the country’s Jewish student body to keep this one Shabbat together.

“We tend to forget sometimes that the simplest things are the most powerful,” he said. “Often, we try to attract or impress Jews through modern Jewish ethics, Kabbalah, science and Torah, etc., and we don’t realize that what has carried us through the ages is the simple beauty of our mitzvot.

The Shabbos Project may well prove to be a timely reminder of just that.”

Avi Lifschitz, of Cherry Hill, NJ, is another partner who came forward after seeing the video. Passionate about Jewish outreach, he has established strong relationships with local synagogues and community organizations, and believes the Shabbos Project can transcend denominations and religious factionalism in the area. “I think the Shabbos Project’s potential is extraordinary,” he said.

“Whether one is Reform, Conservative, traditional or whatever, this is the chance to experience something never experienced before, something incredibly valuable and meaningful, which really, anyone can buy into. I mean, who doesn’t want to leave aside their cellphones and iPads and e-mails and televisions for a day? Who wouldn’t want to enjoy some real peace and quiet, or to connect more meaningfully with those around them? Of course, people don’t like commitments, but this is a one-off; anyone would be willing to try it. And imagine the achdut, the unity, across the Jewish world, among all Jews if we all do.”

Which isn’t to say Lifschitz thinks it is going to be easy. “South Africa has shown that the Shabbos Project is a successful formula, but I suspect it is going to be more of a challenge applying it in the U.S. Here, we are more divided along denominational lines.”

There’s also the diplomatic challenge.

“Organizations and institutions need to be willing to put aside narrow interests to help drive a general Jewish unity project of this nature. It’s going to take a certain broad-mindedness and vision to unite on this and, as partners, we will need to think very carefully about how we approach the diverse target groups.”

Of course, diverse doesn’t have to mean divisive. Indeed, diversity is central to what made the Shabbos Project so successful last year, and it is reflected in the extraordinary variety of partners that are emerging this year.

Kids have come forward to champion the Shabbos Project in their schools; partners have surfaced from as far afield as East Africa.

There is a group keeping that Shabbat together in Auschwitz, and another that will be running the Shabbos Project aboard a cruise ship in the Mediterranean Sea. A Jewish Spring?

“Last year in South Africa,” said Goldstein, “we saw a vast and energetic social movement suddenly spring up overnight, as people from all walks of life spontaneously came forward to take ownership of the Shabbos Project and bring it to life. We seem to be witnessing a similar dynamic this year.”

He goes so far as to call it the beginning of a “Jewish Spring.”

“What usually happens with these kinds of outreach initiatives is that you put together a formal program, which you then have to flog through cold-calling, mass communication, etc. This is different – it has a natural energy. People are coming forward without prompting and the initiative has now taken on a life of its own. It has become, in essence, a social movement.”

There are, of course, still those with reservations, but Goldstein says this is to be expected. “Even in South Africa, people

weren’t sure how, or even if, things were going to work out, right up until a couple of weeks before. If anything, we are seeing less incredulity this time round. People have now seen that such a thing is possible.”

“The magic that everyone experienced last year in South Africa – that can happen across the Jewish world.”

And come October 24, perhaps it will.

Jewish New Amsterdam walking tour

The Lower East Side Jewish Conservancy will present a “Jewish Community of Colonial New Amsterdam Walking Tour” walking tour on Sunday, November 23. The tour will trace the origins of Jewish settlement in New Amsterdam. It will also visit former locations of Jewish sites in Lower Manhattan and discuss their historical significance. Sites include early Spanish and Portuguese rented synagogues and Mill Street Synagogue, the first synagogue built in North America. A tour of Congregation Shearith Israel’s cemetery at Chatham Square (now Chinatown) is included. This is the oldest known Jewish cemetery in New York City. The cemetery dates from 1683.

The tour will meet at 10:45 am at the corner of Pearl Street and Broad Streets across from Fraunces Tavern. The cost is $20 for adults and $18 seniors and students. There is an additional $2 registration fee for tickets purchased on the day of the tour. For more information about the LESJC, call 212-374-4100 or visit www.nycjewishtours.org.

Once again this year, The Reporter is inviting its readers and local organizations to extend Chanukah greetings to the community by purchasing a Chanukah greeting ad, which will appear in our December 4 issue (Deadline: Nov. 24). Chanukah begins this year on the evening of Dec. 16.

You may choose from the designs, messages and sizes shown here - more are available. You may also choose your own message, as long as it fits into the space of the greeting you select. (Custom designs available upon request.) The price of the small greeting is $18 (styles B & E), the larger one is $36 (styles D & F ) and the largest one (not shown, actual size is 3.22” x 3.95”) is $72.

To ensure that your greeting is published, please contact Bonnie Rozen at 1-800-779-7896, ext. 244 or bonnie@thereportergroup.org. Checks can be made payable to The Reporter and sent to: The Reporter, 500 Clubhouse Rd., Vestal, NY 13850 Style D -$36 • Actual Size: 3.22” x 1.975”

May the lights of Chanukah shine in your hearts forever Your Name(s)

Wishing you a Happy Chanukah!

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We accept r Visa r Mastercard r American Express r Discover (if applicable) Print Name on Card_____________________________________________

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Checks should be made payable to The Reporter, 500 Clubhouse Rd., Vestal, NY 13850

Your name(s) Style E -$18 Actual Size: 1.5278” x 1.975”

ÊVisit the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania on the web at www.jewishnepa.org or on Facebook

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THE REPORTER ■ october 23, 2014

What will be your Jewish Legacy?

A Program of the

For more information about leaving your legacy, legacy gifts or bequests contact:

Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania TEL: 570.961.2300 (ext. 1) E-Mail: Mark.Silverberg@Jewishnepa.org With the true spirit of kehilla and our commitment to tikkun olam, the Jewish Federation’s CREATE A JEWISH LEGACY Initiative is a community-wide partnership established between the Jewish Federation of Northeastern Pennsylvania and its many UJA-funded educational, social service, cultural and recreational agencies and institutions including the State of Israel and the needs of world Jewry – all with a shared vision of ensuring a strong and sustainable Jewish future.

TODAY. TOMORROW. TOGETHER These include world-wide Jewish needs (JDC), the State of Israel, Scranton JCC, Jewish Family Service of NEPA, Scranton Hebrew Day School, Scranton Mikveh, Temple Hesed Religious School, Scranton Temple Israel Religious School, Yeshiva Beth Moshe/Milton Eisner Institute, Bais Yaakov of Scranton, B’nai Harim Religious School, Jewish Fellowship of Hemlock Farms Religious School, Jewish Discovery Center/Chabad, Bnos Yisroel of Scranton, Jewish Resource Center of the Poconos and Temple Israel of the Poconos Hebrew School