OSTEOPOROSIS
It is the thinning of the bony tissue and the loss of the density in the bones with the time.
CAUSES Osteoporosis is the most common illness of the bones. Calcium and phosphorous are two minerals essential for the normal formation of bones. The main causes of osteoporosis are the drop in the level of oestrogen in women at the time of the menopause and the drop in the level of testosterone in men.
Other causes: Rheumatoid arthritis Taking corticosteroids Taking an anticonvulsive Hyperthyroidism
Other risk factors:
Absence of menstruation during a long time
High levels of alcohol
Family history of osteoporosis
Previous hormone treatment of breast cancer or prostate cancer
Low body weight
Smoking
Very little calcium in the diet
SYMPTOMS The symptoms of advanced illness are:
Pain or sensitivity in the bones
Fractures with little or no trauma
Loss of height
Neck pain
Lumbago
TREATMENT The aims of the treatment for osteoporosis are:
Control of pain associated with the illness
Slow down the process of bone loss
Prevent fractures with medicine to strengthen the bones Minimize the risk of falling which can cause fractures
Medicine:
Bifosfonatos
Calcitonina
Hormonoterapia
Hormona paratiroidea
Ralozifeno
EXERCISE Regular exercise can reduce the possibility of bone fractures
DIET Consume at least 1.200 mg of calcium each day and 800 to a 1.000 international units of vitamin D. This vitamin helps with the absorption of calcium. Food rich in calcium includes: · Cheese · Ice cream · Leafy vegetables · Tofu · Milk (low in fat) · Salmon · Sardines · Yogurt
GIVE UP HEALTHY HABITS Give up smoking
PREVENTING FALLS It is crucial to avoid falls
CONTROL The illness is controlled by bony mineral density medication every one or two years
POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS Crushing of the vertebrae Invalidity Hip or wrist fractures Loss of ability to walk
PREVENTION Calcium is fundamental for the growth and maintenance of halthy bones. Vitamin D is also needed to aid the absorption of calcium. Other advice:
Avoid the consumption of alcohol
Don't smoke
Do regular exercise
QUESTIONS 1. What is osteoporosis ? 2. What does osteoporosis affect ? 3. What minerals are essencial for the formation of bones ? 4. Name some elements that rich are in calcium. 5. Name two habits that are unhealthy.
6. True or false. a) Osteoporosis concerns the muscles. b) The treatment slow down the process of bone loss. c) A factor of risk is a diet with very little calcium. d) The exercise (to walk, yoga...) they harm the osteoporosis.
7. Completes: a) Osteoporosis is the thinning of the ______ tissue. b) The vitamin __ helps witch the absorption of calcium. c) Regular _____ can reduce the possibility of bone fractures. d) It is the crucial to avoid _____.
8. SOUP OF LETTERS The symptoms of the advanced disease are: pain, fractures, lumbago and bent. CARFACEROAI NECRFINGERS EAPAINUMBEO CIGCOOKINGG KETTIMBERSA ASLUMTAGOB RANRNALCIUM BONEMILKOIU IMIBSDRINML
REALIZED FOR : Leila Alfonso Laura Rafa Francis