CLASS COMMANDS
Open your book(s) Notebook(s)
PLEASE
The door Close
your book(s) The window
PLEASE
Turn on the lights Turn off the radio Take note Don’t copy yet Hurry up Keep silent
PLEASE
Don’t make too much noise Copy this/that Pay attention Get together Work in groups of_____
Note: you can write PLEASE at the beginning or the end of the sentence.
MATCH
Hi
Nice to meet you
That’s ok
You’re welcome
Bye Oops! I’m sorry
Nice to meet you Thank you
Fine thanks Good bye
Hello How are you?
UNIT : SUBJECT : VERB TO BE / SUBJECT PRONOUNS / DEFINITE AND INDEFINITE ARTICLES.
VERB TO BE The verb to be has three forms in the present tense: am, is, are
PRESENT TENSE AFFIRMATIVE AND CONTRACTIONS
Singular 1st Person 2nd
I am a teacher. You are a
He is a teacher.
Person
I'm
You're
Person teacher.
3rd
Contraction
He's
She is a teacher. She's It is a cat.
It's
Plural We are teachers. You are teachers.
Contraction we're
You're
They are teachers. They are They're cats.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH AM, IS , ARE 1. I
am
2. You
_____ handsome.
3. He
_____ short.
4. She
_____ friendly.
5. It
_____ cold today.
6. We
_____ busy.
7. You
_____ all awake.
sleepy.
8. They
_____ beautiful.
9. The weather ______ very nice today. 10.
I _________ tired.
11.
This suitcase ________ very heavy.
12.
These suitcases ________ very heavy.
13.
The dog _______ asleep.
14.
I ______ hot. Can you open the window?
15.
This bridge _____ one hundred years old.
16.
My brother and I _____ good tennis players.
17.
Ann _______ at home but her children ______ at school.
18.
I ______a student. My sister ______ an architect.
WRITE THE CONTRACTIONS.
You are not
__________
We are
__________
She is not _________
I am
__________
It is
_________
They are not
__________
I am not
_________
She is
__________
Kate is
_________
Susan is not
__________
Paul is
_________
Wendy is not
__________
Juan is
_________
Laura is not
__________
You are
_________
Jack is
__________
He is They are
he’s _________
PRESENT TENSE NEGATIVE AND CONTRACTIONS
Singular 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person
I am not
Contraction I'm not
You are not You aren't
Plural
Contraction
We are not We aren't
You are not You aren't
He is not
He
She is not
She isn't
They are
It is not
It
not
They aren't
WRITE THESE SENTENCES IN THE NEGATIVE FORM.
1. (London/ the capital of France) London is not the capital of France 2. (I / interested in sports) _______________________________ 3. (I / hungry) _______________________________ 4. (Rome / in Spain) _______________________________ 5. (My hands / cold) _______________________________ 6. (Ecuador/ a very big country) _______________________________ 7. (Brazil / in Africa) _______________________________
8. (Diamonds / cheap) _______________________________ 9. (Box / a dangerous sport) _______________________________ 10. (Cats / big animals) _______________________________ Change the following pairs of words into sentences, using the correct forms of the Simple Present of the verb to be. For example: I, cautious I am cautious.
they, friendly They are friendly.
1. you, careful 2. it, warm 3. he, here 4. we, bold 5. they, careless 6. she, clever 7. we, ready 8. you, reckless 9. I, shy 10. they, polite
PRESENT TENSE INTERROGATIVE Singular
Plural
1st Person
Am I?
Are we?
2nd Person
Are you?
Are you?
Is he? 3rd Person
Is she?
Are they?
Is it?
Using the Simple Present of the verb to be, and making sure that the word order is correct, form the following groups of words into grammatically correct statements or questions. If the symbol ? is present, form the words into a question. If the word not is present, form the words into a negative statement or negative question. Do not use contractions in this exercise. For example: it, brown It is brown.
you, ?, excited Are you excited? I, satisfied, not I am not satisfied.
not, ?, they, ready Are they not ready?
EXERCISES: UNSCRAMBLE THE WORDS 1. you, ?, hungry 2. we, ?, not, correct 3. he, ?, happy 4. not, ?, it, cold 5. she, here 6. I, early, ? 7. they, wrong, not 8. you, ?, comfortable 9. they, ?, not, strong 10. not, ?, I, fortunate 11. it, slippery, ? 12. not, you, late 13. it, not, ?, important 14. we, famous 15. they, present, ?
INDEFINITE ARTICLES A / AN Use 'a' with nouns starting with a consonant (letters that are not vowels), 'an' with nouns starting with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) Examples: A nurse An intelligent girl An engineer An orange
NOTE: An before an h mute - an hour, an honor. A before u and eu when they sound like 'you': a European, a university, a unit
EXERCISES: Write a or an where corresponds. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.
___ tower ___ arrow ___ ultra-violet ray ___ honest person ___ UFO ___ unidentified flying object ___ easy question ___ X-ray ___ SOS ___ university ___ umbrella ___ hour-glass ___ UNESCO office ___ SAT score ___ TOEFL score ___ black umbrella ___ yellow tag ___ ox ___ uniform ___ white umbrella ___ orange bag ___ igloo ___ orange sweater ___ ugly dress
A or AN 1. This is Bob. He's _____ doctor. a. a b. an 2. Peter is ____ engineer. a. a b. an 3. That's Oliver. He's ___ travel agent. a. a b. an 4. Leonardo di Caprio is ___ actor. a. a b. an 5. Fred is ____ electrician. a. a b. an 6. Mr. Smith is ___ teacher. a. a b. an 7. This is Gloria. She's ___ homemaker. a. a b. an 8. That's John. He's ___ police officer. a. a b. an 9. I'm ____ student. a. a b. an 10. Meryl Streep is ____ actress. a. a b. an
JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS WRITE THE WORDS IN THE BOX BELOW THE CORRECT PICTURE postman, cook, nurse, shoe clerk, pilot, taxi, driver, cop, fly hostess, plumber, brick layer, priest, secretary, scientist, athlete, accountant, fireman, psychologist, shoe maker, baker, vet, waiter, assistant store manager, assembler, electrician, teacher.
baby sitter
AFFIRMATIVE FORM A:
Subject + be + adjective I am intelligent. He is handsome and famous. Mark and Paul are English.
B:
Subject + be + a/an + noun I am a teacher. You are an engineer. Mary is a typewriter. They are doctors.
C:
Subject + be + a/an + adjective + noun I am an intelligent English teacher. Mark is a good artist. They are hardworking students.
CHANGE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE
1. My neighborhood is very old. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
2. Luis is an excellent technician. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
3. Mary and Mario are in an English class. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
4. Peter and Paul are in the laboratory. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
5. Laura is a secretary. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 6. Jose and Charlie are businesspeople. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
7. Mary, Alex and Sophia are at the Post office. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
8. Dad and Mom are not at the Supermarket. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
9. Mrs. Robinson and Mr. Douglas are happy at the party. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________
UNIT: SUBJECT
: VERB TO BE / SUBJECT PRONOUNS / ADJECTIVES. ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that modifies a noun to tell you more about it. Adjectives never change. They are never plural. For example:This is a nice cake. Adjectives go before their nouns. They're nice people.
ADJECTIVES CIRCLE THE CORRECT PICTURE. 1. warm
5. scary
2. strong
6. rich
3. slow
7. poor
4. sleepy
8. painful
9. old
17.
fast
10.
noisy
18.
far
11.
hungry
19.
famous
12.
heavy
20.
difficult
13.
handsome
21.
dangerous
14.
full
22.
cute
15.
sick 23.
cool
24.
cold
16.
fat
SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS SINGULAR (a) one bird one street one rose (b) one dish one match one class one box (c) one baby one city
PLURAL two birds two streets two roses two dishes two matches two classes two boxes two babies two cities
To make most nouns plural, add -s
Add –es to nouns ending in –sh, -ch, -ss, and –x.
If a noun ends in a consonant + -y, change the “y” to “i” and add –es. (note: If –y is preceded by a vowel, add only –s: boys, days, keys.) (d) one knife two knives If a noun ends in –fe or –f, change the one shelf two shelves ending to –ves. (Exceptions: beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cuffs.) (e) one tomato two tomatoes The plural form of nouns that end in – one zoo two zoos o is sometimes –oes and sometimes – one zero two zeroes/zeros os. -oes: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes, echoes, mosquitoes -os: zoos, radios, studios, pianos, solos, sopranos, photos, autos -oes or –os: zeroes/zeros, volcanoes/volcanos, tornados/tornados (f) one child two children Some nouns have irregular plural one foot two feet forms. one goose two geese (NOTE: The singular form of people one man two men can be person, woman, man, child. one mouse two mice For example, one man and one one tooth two teeth child=two people.) one woman two women __ two people one louse two lice one ox two oxen
EXERCISES: Write the plural form of the following nouns. 1. dress
____________
22. wolf
____________
2. church
____________
23. person
____________
3. half
____________
24. ox
____________
4. boy
____________
25. farm
____________
5. kite
____________
26. girlfriend
____________
6. colony
____________
27. fax
____________
7. knife
____________
28. snorkel
____________
8. box
____________
29. louse
____________
9. computer
____________
30. teacher
____________
10. key
____________
31. book
____________
11. foot
____________
32. tie
____________
12. wolf
____________
33. automobile ____________
13. person
____________
34. guy
____________
14. analysis
____________
35. mouse
____________
15. yourself
____________
36. loss
____________
16. goose
____________
37. chair
____________
17. echo
____________
38. wish
____________
18. fish
____________
39. hand
____________
19. octopus
____________
40. onion
____________
20. thief
____________
41. donkey
____________
21. foot
____________
42. tail
____________
PLURALS Look through the book and try and find as many plurals as you can. When you find them, fill them in on the table below.
Singular
Plural +s
Rabbit
rabbits
Dummy
Plural +es
Plural +ves
Plural +ies
dummies
PLURALS 1. tax a) taxs b) taxes c) taxies
2. watch a) watchs b) watches c) watchies
3. bike a) biks b) bikes c) bikies
4. potato a) potatos b) potatoes c) potatoies
5. lady a) ladys b) ladyes c) ladies
6. monkey a) monkeys b) monkeyes c) monkies
7. match a) matchs b) matches c) matchies
8. tomato a) tomatos b) tomatoes c) tomatoies
9. time a) tims b) times c) timies
10. door a) doors b) doores c) dories
11. computer a) computers b) computeres c) computeries
12. kilo a) kilos b) kiloes c) kilotes
13. worry a) worrys b) worryes c) worries
14. fly a) flys b) flyes c) flies
15. toy a) toys b) toyes c) toies
16. baby a) babys b) babyes c) babies
17. book a) books b) bookes c) bookies
18. boss a) bosss b) bosses c) bossies
POSSESSIVES ADJECTIVES The personal pronouns, when used as possessives adjectives, have the following forms in English, as it is shown below in the chart. We use these forms to show possession or to show who the thing belongs to.
NUMBER
PERSONAL
POSSESSIVE
PRONOUN
ADJECTIVES
1st
(I)
my
2nd
(you)
your
3rd
(he)
his
(she)
her
(it)
it
1st
(we)
our
2nd
(you)
your
3rd
(they)
their
Singular
Plural
NOTE: In English, possessive adjectives and pronouns refer to the possessor, not the object or person that is possessed.
Example: Jane's brother is married to John's sister. Her brother is married to his sister. Examples: a. Peter and his sister. b. Jane and her father.
c. Do you know where your books are? e. I think this is your passport. Yes, it is. Follow the dialogue. Mr Bean meets a new student. Mr Bean: Hello, my name's Chris Bean. I'm your new English teacher. Student: Hello, Mr Chris, it's nice to meet you. Mr Bean: No, that's not right. My first name is Chris, my last name is Bean. Student: Oh, I'm sorry Mr Bean. Mr Bean: That's all right. What's your name? Student: My first name is Sam, my last name is Cuing. Mr Bean: Good. You can call me by my first name, Chris, if you like. Student: Great, you can call me Sam. Mr Bean: Good. Well it's time to start our lesson.
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPIATED POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE
1. Mary is a good engineer. _____ job is hard. 2. Joseph and Margot are friends. ______ friendship is as strong as an oak.
3. Linda is beautiful and intelligent. ____ face is like an angel one. 4. Pumbaa and timon are in the jungle. _______ house is anywhere. 5. Mr. Wilson isn’t a good painter. _______ works aren’t good. 6. I am a foreign student. ______ name is Jack Nicholson. 7. The policewoman is pretty. ______ behaviour is nice. 8. The sky is not clear. _____ clouds are grey. 9. These books are new. _______ colours are red and blue. 10. This rose is nice. _______ perfume is pleasant. 11. Mary is an important architect. _____ good works are wellknown. 12. This bread is stale. _______ flavor is not acceptable.
UNIT: SUBJECT
: QUESTIONS WITH “WHERE” OBJECT PRONOUN “IT”
PLACES VOCABULARY WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE bookstore bank police station stadium school library theater post office hospital gas station bus stop church gym airport museum
BANK
1. PREPOSITIONS OF LOCATION: AT, ON, IN. • We use AT for addresses. The technical English student lives at 4576 Benavides Avenue in Surco. • We use ON with the names of the streets, avenues, roads, etc. Her computing laboratory is on Benavides Avenue. • We use IN for names of big areas (cities, counties, states, countries and continents). She works in Surco. Surco is in Lima City. Lima City is in Lima, Peru.
COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES A country is a nation with its own government. For example, China, France, Iraq and Japan are all countries. Note that in English, all words (nouns and adjectives) relating to countries or nationalities begin with a capital letter, for example: • England (not england) • English (not english) • an Englishman (not an englishman)
TIP The noun for the language usually comes from the adjective, for example: He speaks Polish. Is French difficult?
COUNTRY Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados
ADJECTIVE Afghan Albanian Algerian Andorran Angolan Argentinean Armenian Australian Austrian Azerbaijani Bahamian Bahraini Bangladeshi Barbadian
PERSON an Afghan an Albanian an Algerian an Andorran an Angolan an Argentinean an Armenian an Australian an Austrian an Azerbaijani a Bahamian a Bahraini a Bangladeshi a Barbadian
Belarus
Belarusian or Byelorussian Belgium Belgian Belize Belizean Benin Beninese Bhutan Bhutanese Bolivia Bolivian Bosnia-Herzegovina Bosnian Botswana Botswanan Brazil Brazilian Britain British Brunei Bruneian Bulgaria Bulgarian Burkina Burkinese Burma (official name Burmese Myanmar) Burundi Burundian Cambodia Cambodian Cameroon Cameroonian Canada Canadian Cape Verde Islands Cape Verdean Chad Chadian Chile Chilean China Chinese Colombia Colombian Congo Congolese Costa Rica Costa Rican Croatia Croat or Croatian Cuba Cuban Cyprus Cypriot Czech Republic Czech Denmark Danish Djibouti Djiboutian Dominica Dominican Dominican Republic Dominican Ecuador Ecuadorian Egypt Egyptian El Salvador Salvadorian England English Eritrea
Eritrean
a Belarusian or a Byelorussian a Belgian a Belizean a Beninese a Bhutanese a Bolivian a Bosnian a Tswana a Brazilian a Briton a Bruneian a Bulgarian a Burkinese a Burmese a Burundian a Cambodian a Cameroonian a Canadian a Cape Verdean a Chadian a Chilean a Chinese a Colombian a Congolese a Costa Rican a Croat or a Croatian a Cuban a Cypriot a Czech a Dane a Djiboutian a Dominican a Dominican an Ecuadorian an Egyptian a Salvadorian an Englishman, an Englishwoman an Eritrean
Estonia Ethiopia Fiji Finland France
Estonian Ethiopian Fijian Finnish French
Gabon Gambia, the Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Holland (also Netherlands) Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland, Republic of
Gabonese Gambian Georgian German Ghanaian Greek Grenadian Guatemalan Guinean Guyanese Haitian Dutch
Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kuwait Laos Latvia Lebanon Liberia Libya Liechtenstein
Israeli Italian Jamaican Japanese Jordanian Kazakh Kenyan Kuwaiti Laotian Latvian Lebanese Liberian Libyan -
Honduran Hungarian Icelandic Indian Indonesian Iranian Iraqi Irish
an Estonian an Ethiopian a Fijian a Finn a Frenchman, a Frenchwoman a Gabonese a Gambian a Georgian a German a Ghanaian a Greek a Grenadian a Guatemalan a Guinean a Guyanese a Haitian a Dutchman, a Dutchwoman a Honduran a Hungarian an Icelander an Indian an Indonesian an Iranian an Iraqi an Irishman, an Irishwoman an Israeli an Italian a Jamaican a Japanese a Jordanian a Kazakh a Kenyan a Kuwaiti a Laotian a Latvian a Lebanese a Liberian a Libyan a Liechtensteiner
Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Madagascar
Lithuanian Macedonian Malagasy or Madagascan Malawi Malawian Malaysia Malaysian Maldives Maldivian Mali Malian Malta Maltese Mauritania Mauritanian Mauritius Mauritian Mexico Mexican Moldova Moldovan Monaco Monegasque or Monacan Mongolia Mongolian Montenegro Montenegrin Morocco Moroccan Mozambique Mozambican Namibia Namibian Nepal Nepalese Netherlands, the (see Dutch Holland) New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North Korea Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea
Paraguay Peru the Philippines Poland Portugal
Nicaraguan Nigerian Nigerian North Korean Norwegian Omani Pakistani Panamanian Papua New Guinean or Guinean Paraguayan Peruvian Philippine Polish Portuguese
a Lithuanian a Luxembourgian a Macedonian a Malagasy or a Madagascan a Malawian a Malay a Maldivian a Malian a Maltese a Mauritanian a Mauritian a Mexican a Moldovan a Monegasque or a Monacan a Mongolian a Montenegrin a Moroccan a Mozambican a Namibian a Nepalese a Dutchman, a Dutchwoman, or a Netherlander a New Zealander a Nicaraguan a Nigerian a Nigerian a North Korean a Norwegian an Omani a Pakistani a Panamanian a Papua New Guinean or a Guinean a Paraguayan a Peruvian a Filipino a Pole a Portuguese
Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saudi Arabia Scotland Senegal Serbia Seychelles, the Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Togo Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvali Uganda Ukraine
Qatari Romanian Russian Rwandan Saudi Arabian or Saudi Scottish Senegalese Serb or Serbian Seychellois Sierra Leonean Singaporean Slovak Slovene or Slovenian Somali South African South Korean Spanish Sri Lankan Sudanese Surinamese Swazi Swedish Swiss Syrian Taiwanese Tajik or Tadjik Tanzanian Thai Togolese Trinidadian and Toboggan Tunisian Turkish Turkmen or Turkoman Tuvaluan Ugandan Ukrainian
a Qatari a Romanian a Russian a Rwandan a Saudi Arabian or a Saudi a Scot a Senegalese a Serb or a Serbian a Seychellois a Sierra Leonean a Singaporean a Slovak a Slovene or a Slovenian a Solomon Islander a Somali a South African a South Korean a Spaniard a Sri Lankan a Sudanese a Surinamer or a Surinamese a Swazi a Swede a Swiss a Syrian a Taiwanese a Tajik or a Tadjik a Tanzanian a Thai a Togolese a Trinidadian and Toboggan a Tunisian a Turk a Turkmen or a Turkoman a Tuvaluan a Ugandan a Ukrainian
United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuata Vatican City Venezuela Vietnam Wales
British American
a Briton an American
Uruguayan Uzbek Vatican Venezuelan Vietnamese Welsh
Western Samoa Yemen Yugoslavia Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe
Western Samoan Yemeni Yugoslav Zairian Zambian Zimbabwean
a Uruguayan an Uzbek a Venezuelan a Vietnamese a Welshman, a Welshwoman a Western Samoan a Yemeni a Yugoslav a Zairian a Zambian a Zimbabwean
ASK AND ANSWER ABOUT PEOPLE`S NAMES AND COUNTRIES.
Marco / Italy What’s your name?
Where are you from?
My names is Marco.
I am from Italy.
Sandra / Spain. __________________
_________________
__________________
_________________
Anna / Poland. __________________
_________________
__________________
_________________
Luis / Brazil. __________________
________________
__________________
________________
Cristina / Greece. __________________
________________
__________________
________________
Paul / Britain. __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
David/ Denmark __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Dan/ Korea __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
John/ The United States __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Caroline/Germany __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Carmen/France __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Tommy/Holland __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Alfonso/Italy __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Jessica/Russia __________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
UNIT : SUBJECT : THERE IS / THERE ARE QUESTIONS WITH “WHEN” AND “WHAT TIME” EVENTS WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX TO EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PICTURES a play
a concert a movie game/match
a dance
a party
a conference
a soccer
EXERCISE CREATE A SENTENCE WITH EACH OF THE WORDS FROM THE BOX ABOVE. FOLLOWING THIS PATTERN: There is ……….
1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________ 5. __________________________________________________ 6. __________________________________________________ 7. __________________________________________________