Gascón-Irún et al: Gene therapy antiproliferative strategies against cardiovascular disease Kearney, M, Pieczek, A, Haley, L, Losordo, DW, Andrés, V, Schainfield, R, Rosenfield, R, and Isner, JM (1997). Histopathology of in-stent restenosis in patients with peripheral artery disease. Circulation 95, 1998-2002. Kerkhoff, E, and Rapp, UR (1997). Induction of cell proliferation in quiescent NIH 3T3 cells by oncogenic c-Raf-1. Mol Cell Biol 17, 2576-2586. Kindy, MS, and Sonenshein, GE (1986). Regulation of oncogene expression in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells: posttranscriptional control of c-myc mRNA. J Biol Chem 261, 12865-12868. Kipshidze, N, Keane, E, Stein, D, Chawla, P, Skrinska, V, Shankar, LR, Khanna, A, Komorowski, R, Haudenschild, C, Iversen, P, Leon, MB, Keelan, MH, and Moses, J (2001). Local delivery of c-myc neutrally charged antisense oligonucleotides with transport catheter inhibits myointimal hyperplasia and positively affects vascular remodeling in the rabbit balloon injury model. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 54, 247-256. Kipshidze, NN, Kim, HS, Iversen, P, Yazdi, HA, Bhargava, B, New, G, Mehran, R, Tio, F, Haudenschild, C, Dangas, G, Stone, GW, Iyer, S, Roubin, GS, Leon, MB, and Moses, JW (2002). Intramural coronary delivery of advanced antisense oligonucleotides reduces neointimal formation in the porcine stent restenosis model. J Am Coll Cardiol 39, 1686-1691. Kotani, M, Fukuda, N, Ando, H, Hu, WY, Kunimoto, S, Saito, S, and Kanmatsuse, K (2003). Chimeric DNA-RNA hammerhead ribozyme targeting PDGF A-chain mRNA specifically inhibits neointima formation in rat carotid artery after balloon injury. Cardiovasc Res 57, 265-276. Koyama, H, Olson, NE, Dastvan, FF, and Reidy, MA (1998). Cell replication in the arterial wall: activation of signaling pathway following in vivo injury. Circ Res 82, 713-721. Kume, M, Komori, K, Matsumoto, T, Onohara, T, Takeuchi, K, Yonemitsu, Y, and Sugimachi, K (2002). Administration of a decoy against the activator protein-1 binding site suppresses neointimal thickening in rabbit balloon-injured arteries. Circulation 105, 1226-1232. Kutryk, MJ, Foley, DP, van den Brand, M, Hamburger, JN, van der Giessen, WJ, deFeyter, PJ, Bruining, N, Sabate, M, and Serruys, PW (2002). Local intracoronary administration of antisense oligonucleotide against c-myc for the prevention of in-stent restenosis: results of the randomized investigation by the Thoraxcenter of antisense DNA using local delivery and IVUS after coronary stenting (ITALICS) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 39, 281-287. Lai, K, Lee, W-S, Jain, MK, Lee, M-E, and Haber, E (1996). Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in rat arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Clin Invest 98, 15601567. Lambert, DL, Malik, N, Shepherd, L, Gunn, J, Francis, SE, King, A, Crossman, DC, Cumberland, DC, and Holt, CM (2001). Localization of c-Myb and induction of apoptosis by antisense oligonucleotide c-Myb after angioplasty of porcine coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21, 17271732. Lavia, P, and Jansen-Durr, P (1999). E2F target genes and cellcycle checkpoint control. Bioessays 21, 221-230. Leone, G, DeGregori, J, Sears, R, Jakoi, L, and Nevins, JR (1997). Myc and Ras collaborate in inducing accumulation of active cyclin E/cdk2 and E2F. Nature 387, 422-426. Libby, P, and Tanaka, H (1997). The molecular basis of restenosis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 40, 97-106. Lille, S, Daum, G, Clowes, MM, and Clowes, AW (1997). The regulation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases in the injured rat carotid artery. J Surg Res 70, 178-186.
Lloyd, AC, Obermüller, F, Staddon, S, Barth, CF, McMahon, M, and Land, H (1997). Cooperating oncogenes converge to regulate cyclin/cdk complexes. Genes Dev 11, 663-677. Lusis, AJ (2000). Atherosclerosis. Nature 407, 233-241. Maillard, L, Van Belle, E, Smith, RC, Le Roux, A, Denèfle, P, Steg, G, Barry, JJ, Branellec, D, Isner, JM, and Walsh, K (1997). Percutaneous delivery of the gax gene inhibits vessel stenosis in a rabbit model of balloon angioplasty. Cardiovasc Res 35, 536-546. Mann, M, Gibbons, GH, Kernoff, RS, Diet, FP, Tsao, PS, Cooke, JP, Kaneda, Y, and Dzau, VJ (1995). Genetic engineering of vein grafts resistant to atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 4502-4506. Mann, MJ, Gibbons, GH, Tsao, PS, von der Leyen, HE, Cooke, JP, Buitrago, R, Kernoff, R, and Dzau, VJ (1997). Cell cycle inhibition preserves endothelial function in genetically engineered rabbit vein grafts. J Clin Invest 99, 1295-1301. Mann, MJ, Whittemore, AD, Donaldson, MC, Belkin, M, Conte, MS, Polak, JF, Orav, EJ, Ehsan, A, Dell'Acqua, G, and Dzau, VJ (1999). Ex-vivo gene therapy of human vascular bypass grafts with E2F decoy: the PREVENT single-centre, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 354, 1493-1498. Mannion, JD, Ormont, ML, Magno, MG, O'Brien, JE, Shi, Y, and Zalewski, A (1998). Sustained reduction of neointima with c-myc antisense oligonucleotides in saphenous vein grafts. Ann Thorac Surg 66, 1948-1952. Mano, T, Luo, ZY, Malendowicz, SL, Evans, T, and Walsh, K (1999). Reversal of GATA-6 downregulation promotes smooth muscle differentiation and inhibits intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid artery. Circ Res 84, 647-654. Matsushita, H, Morishita, R, Aoki, M, Tomita, N, Taniyama, Y, Nakagami, H, Shimozato, T, Higaki, J, Kaneda, Y, and Ogihara, T (2000). Transfection of antisense p53 tumor suppressor gene oligodeoxynucleotides into rat carotid artery results in abnormal growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation 101, 1447-1452. Mayr, U, Mayr, M, Li, C, Wernig, F, Dietrich, H, Hu, Y, and Xu, Q (2002). Loss of p53 accelerates neointimal lesions of vein bypass grafts in mice. Circ Res 90, 197-204. McMillan, GC, and Stary, HC (1968). Preliminary experience with mitotic activity of cellular elements in the atherosclerotic plaques of cholesterol-fed rabbits studied by labeling with tritiated thymidine. Ann N Y Acad Sci 149, 699-709. Metzler, B, Hu, Y, Dietrich, H, and Xu, Q (2000). Increased expression and activation of stress-activated protein kinases/c-Jun NH(2)-terminal protein kinases in atherosclerotic lesions coincide with p53. Am J Pathol 156, 1875-1886. Miano, JM, Tota, RR, Vlasic, N, Danishefsky, KJ, and Stemerman, MB (1990). Early proto-oncogene expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells following endothelial removal. Am J Pathol 137, 761-765. Miano, JM, Vlasic, N, Tota, RR, and Stemerman, MB (1993). Localization of Fos and Jun proteins in rat aortic smooth muscle cells after vascular injury. Am J Pathol 142, 715724. Miniati, DN, Hoyt, EG, Feeley, BT, Poston, RS, and Robbins, RC (2000). Ex vivo antisense oligonucleotides to proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Cdc2 kinase inhibit graft coronary artery disease. Circulation 102, III237-242. Morgan, DO (1995). Principles of CDK regulation. Nature 374, 131-134. Morishita, R, Gibbons, GH, Ellison, KE, Nakajima, M, von der Leyen, H, Zhang, L, Kaneda, Y, Ogihara, T, and Dzau, VJ (1994a). Intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury is inhibited
86