Guide to Fruska Gora Monasteries

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A Guide to Fruska Gora Monasteries

A Privina Glava B Divša (Đipša) C Kuveždin D Petkovica E Šišatovac F Bešenovo G Mala Remeta H Jazak I Vrdnik - Ravanica J Beočin K Rakovac L Novo Hopovo M Staro Hopovo N Grgeteg O Velika Remeta P Krušedol

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Serbo-Byzantine Style This is the typical style of church architecture developed in the late 13th century combining Byzantine and Raskan influences to form a new church style. By the end of 13th and in the first half of 14th century the Serbian state enlarged over Macedonia, Epirus and Thessaly up to the Aegean Sea. On these new territories Serbian art was even more influenced by the Byzantine art tradition. A typical Serbo-Byzantine church has a rectangular foundation, with a major dome in the center with smaller domes around the center one. The inside of the church is covered with frescos that illustrate various biblical stories and portrays Serbian saints.

SREMSKI KARLOVCI

Morava school The Morava

School or Moravska School (Serbian Cyrillic: ĐœĐžŃ€Đ°Đ˛Ń ĐşĐ° ŃˆкОНа) entails the establishments of architectural style in Serbia from 1370-1459. The churches and monaste+ +8 ries were built by the rulers Lazar Hrebeljanović (1370–1389), $ 9 ) & $ Stefan Lazarević (1402–1427) and Ä?uraÄ‘ Branković (1427– 8 !" #"$%&'()* 1456) and their nobleman. The first endowment was the ) royal tomb of Ravanica. The main achievement of the Morava School is the splendor of the sculptural elements. / The decorative stone plastic of the Moravska School repre- , : , : * sents one of & ) ' & 1 4 the most original artistic achievements of me ( dieval Serbian art. Decorative elements characteristic of this artistic school typically consist of geometric arabesque with / , ; , <$ 1 $ - stylized floral ornaments, which include only scarce figurative 1 & ' . * = # details. As fragments of the plastic decoration from the almost - $ ) ( completely destroyed Church of Saint Steven in village Milentija testify, this sculpture was usually painted, and thus, very vivid in effect. The architecture in Serbia, from about 1370 until its fall to the Ottomans in 1459, was very experimental. During this time of adverse political circumstances, a remarkable flurry of building activity took place. Labeled the „Morava School“ and declared a „national style“ by Gabriel Millet, it awaits a proper assessment from aesthetic and other points of view. The katholikon of Ravanica Monastery, built in the 1370s, may be considered the inaugural statement of this style, which drew its characteristics from Mount Athos, from Serbian architecture itself of the 1340s and 1350s, and from other still unclear sources. The appearance of lateral apses along the flanks of the Ravanica church clearly suggests the growing importance of the Athonite monastic formula, juxtaposed here with the five-domed church scheme. The most perplexing aspect of this architecture however are its sculptural laments, whose sheer quantity, exuberance, and variety of motifs have defied explanations. Evident on a large number of buildings, from Lazarica in KruĹĄevac to Naupara, Rudenica, Veluce, Ljubostinja, and Milentija, the style of decoration displays affinities with Armenia and Georgia, the world of Islam, and even Venice and the West. Its persistence into the fifteenth century, on church facades such as that of Kalenić Monastery (built 1413-1417), reveals the vitality of this new medium, which in its later stages began to incorporate human and animal forms, often related to mythological themes presumably drawn from manuscript illuminations. In the waning years of Serbia‘s independence, the imminent threat of Ottoman forces prompted major efforts in fortification architecture. Nor did this security-related phenomenon bypass religious settings. The Manasija (Resava) Monastery in Serbia, for example, incorporates a system of massive walls, ten towers, and a huge dungeon, all built in 1407-1418. Endowed by the Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević, the strongly defended Manasija became not only his final resting place but also the last major center of cultural activity in Serbia before its fall to the Ottomans in 1459. (from Wikipedia)

The little city of Sremski Karlovci is a good starting ponit for the Fruska Gora National Park. This historic town on the right bank of the Danube, is surrounded by vineyards and represents an example of integration of cultural and natural heritage.It‘s a picturesque little Baroque Town with interesting buildings full of historical, academical and spiritual meaningThe present day historic centre of Sremski Karlovci emerged from the development of the city during the 18th, 19th and at the beginning of 20th century. The spontaneous development of an urban texture in the 18th century, when Karlovci was the largest Serbian town in the Danube area, was based on an earlier layout, as confirmed by historic sources and archaeological findings. Since 1713, with the transfer of the Metropolitan seat in Karlovci, building activities were characterised by rapid development. With the growth of political importance and the role of Karlovci, the need arose for a public house to accommodate the new functions. The building activity was supported by the intelligent and ambitious metropolitans of Karlovci, as well as by rich traders and craftsmen, which together contributed to shaping the urban image of Karlovci around the middle of the 18th century. This image of the old town, which was to be finally completed in the last decade of the 19th century and in the begining of 20th century, is largely preserved until our times. The urban centre is organised around the Square of Branko Radiccevica and the surrounding streets, encompassing buildings which have an exceptional place in the cultural history of the Serbs, due to their architectural, artistic and functional values.

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Jazak Monastery in Fruska Gora

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Saint Stefan UroĹĄ V Nejaki „The Weak“(1336 – 1371) * " of the House of Nemanjić " was king of the Serbian " Now that the travel season isEmpire about(1346–1355) to start, I as co-regent of his father ) :

want to complete the post-series Stefanabout UroĹĄ IVthe DuĹĄan Silni " ) („The Mighty“) then beautiful monasteries of the Fruska Goraand (the Emperor (tsar) (1355– % " , - " only mount of the extended flat Vojvodina region 1371). Stefan UroĹĄ V is " burried Jazak Monastery. in the National Park of Fruska Gorain which is " " " # also a well known tourist destination). The links " " ) $ to the first 3 monasteries of the series (Velika Remeta, Novo Hapovo and Krusedol) are on the bottom " " of this post. 5 136- ) ) ) $ Among the 16 monasteries of the Fruska Gora ) " area, there is one that is " " " - "

well-knownas asthe an arJazak Monastery is well-known - / $ " - "

" ++7 - - " " architecturaljewel jewel:of The Jazak Monastery chitectural the Fruska Gora area. # / $ $ & $ ; ( " " (ĐœĐ°Đ˝Đ°Ń Ń‚иŃ€ ĐˆаСак). " ( ( " 4 " " " ) & " ) & - " The post Byzantine churche with Moravian +1 " "

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) 2 " ) 8 " " Тhe monastery church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity. The monastery was founded in 1736, by a group of donors citizens of Novi Sad, Baja, Osijek, Sid and Sasinci. The construction of the church traditionally designed, lasted from 1736 to 1758. but, as early as 1741, it was ready to receive the brethren. Đ? Baroque bell-tower was added onto the West side and completed in 1803. The monks' quarters and dormitories, surrounding the church on three sides, were built between 1736 and 1761 in Baroque style. The icons on the baroque iconostasis were painted by Dimitrije Bacevic in 1769. The remains of St. Tsar Uros, the last ruler of mediaeval dynasty NemanjicĚ , were buried in Jazak, also as a part of religious and national cult. The monastery underwent the general reconstruction between 1926 and 1930. During World War II the monks' # % %

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Basics of Eastern Orthodox Church Architecture

FRUSKA GORA NATIONAL PARK Fruska Gora is an isolated, narrow, island mountain in Pannonia plain. It is intended by river courses extending to the south and north, with some side ranges with steep slopes, spreading from the main narrow range. Its location, specific geological history and different microclimatic conditions make it very interesting and important to science. Thanks to unique and very rich deposits of fossil fauna and flora, Fruska Gora is called the ‚mirror of geological past.The main characteristic of this region is the existence of numerous protected, rare and endangered species. Fruska Gora‘s valleys are covered with pastures and fertile fields, numerous vineyards and orchards which decorate its lower slopes while higher ground, above 300 meters, is covered with dense deciduous forests. Fruska Gora hides 16 orthodox monasteries famous for their specific architecture, treasuries, libraries and frescoes and numerous archeological sites from prehistoric and historic times as well. Getting there: From Novi Sad the road leads towards city of Ruma, passing through small towns Petrovaradin and Sremska Kamenica to reach Iriski venac (16 kilometers from Novi Sad), which is excursion place from where other excursion places and sightseeing spots Zmajevac, Hopovo, Popovica, Krusedol, Velika Remeta, Grgeteg can easily be reached. The same road that passes through Sremska Kamenica town leads along and upstream the Danube river towards small industrial town Beocin, known for its cement factory, then passes through Cerevic village (18 km far from Novi Sad), and after few kilometers more arrives to well - known tourist spots Testera and Andrevlje. The Belgrade - Novi Sad road branches off at Sremski Karlovci, a famous historical place on the Danube river. From there a winding road takes traveler through famous Karlovci vineyards and ends at Strazilovo, popular excursion place and rest area. From Belgrade the National Park may be reached via Belgrade - Novi Sad road, which is followed up to Banstol hill, 62 km far from Belgrade, where one turns westward and drives up along Partizanski put to reach Iriski venac. The National Park may also be reached from Sremska Mitrovica City direction. By driving westward from Belgrade, visitor should leave Belgrade - Zagreb highway at the cross - road 52 km far from Belgrade. By turning to the right, visitor should pass city of Ruma, continue next 17 km toward small town Irig and finally reach Iriski venac after additional 6 km.

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