Facades East Facade
South Facade
West Facade
Starting Climate Datas Diagramma Stenografico
Exploded View Photovoltaic Panels
Wh
N 345°
Location: 45.4°, 9.2° Sun Position: -177.6°, 67.9° HSA: 169.9° VSA: 111.7°
30.0
15°
27.0 330°
30°
24.0
North Facade
Isometric Building
21.0 10°
18.0
315°
15.0
45°
Living Area
12.0
20°
9.0 6.0
30° 1st Jul 300°
20
3.0
1st60° Jun
5
0.0
40° 1st Aug 50°
1st May
19 60°
285° 1st Sep
Sleeping Area
6 75°
70°
18
7 80°
1st Apr
17
8
270° 16
1st Oct
90°
Garden Roof
9 15
10 14
13
12
11 1st Mar
255°
Terrace
105°
1st Nov 1st Feb 1st Dec 240°
Wet Zone
120° 1st Jan
225°
135°
210°
Common Area
150° 195°
165° 180°
Stereographic Diagram W/m²
DIRECT SOLAR - Milano, Italy
1st January to 31st December
1.00k
0.80k
0.80k
0.60k
0.60k
0.40k
0.40k
0.20k
0.20k
0.00k
0.00k
Jan
Distribution Zone Roof Plan + 15,5m
14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th 14th 28th Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec DAILY CONDITIONS - 21st January (21) °C W/m²
LEGEND Temperature Rel.Humidity Wind Speed
Direct Radiation Analisys
Distribution Gallery
W/m²
1.00k
40
1.0k
30
0.8k
20
0.6k
10
Direct Solar Diffuse Solar Cloud Cover
0.2k
-10
0.0k
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Annual Direct Radiation Direct Solar Radiation (W/m²) Location: Milano, Italy (45.4°, 9.3°) © Weather Manager
48
44
40
36
32
24
20
16
12
20
22
24
Internal Disposition
W/m² 900+ 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 <0
Weekly Summary
28
Wooden Stick Surface
0.4k
0
8
4
0
4
8
12
16 20 24 Hr
52 Wk
Direct Radiation Graph
% 90+ 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 <0
Sommario Settimanale Nuvolosità Media (%) Location: Milano, Italy (45.4°, 9.3°) © Weather Manager
20
8
36
32
28
24
20
40
4
4th Floor Plan + 12,4m
0 4 8
Doors
16 20 24 Hr
Sliding Windows
44 48 52 Wk
Technical Concept Humidity Graph
Direct Radiation on 21st June
Concept
Main Body
Protection Energy Insulation/Rainwater Collection Rainwater Collection
Transparent Walls
Shadow Studio
3rd Floor Plan + 9,3m
Massive Structural Plan
Winter Facade Studio
Winter Section
Direct Radiation on 21st December
Shadow Concept 2nd Floor Plan + 6,2m
Lightweight Structural Plan Summer Shadow Design
Winter Shadow Design
SPRH - SOLAR PASSIVE RESIDENTIAL HOUSING
Detailed facades and Section
VITAE - Live with the Sun Vitae, the building tipology name, drifts from the ancient Latin word for Life. The choice to use it as plural underlines the aggregative human lives aspect. For Latin’s Life means also board and humanity as sums of populations. This secondary meanings have convinced me to name my project VITAE. Its motto is: “VITAE – Live with the Sun” declares that the Sun is used as main resource to provide energy.
Summer Facade Studio
Summer Section
The SPRH design project consists of a studio of Victor Olgyay’s design method. He introduced the bioclimatic architecture concept through his book “Design with Climate”. I used his method to design a residential building starting from the Italian International design award “Via Cenni, a community to grow”. The main target is to project a residential building as sustainable as possible without using a huge quantity of renewable energy to balance total consumption, using natural resources on the site. I designed two different constructive systems: massive and lightweight in order to understand which is more sustainable. Firstly, a detailed climatic studio as the same as a sun trajectories studio helped me to design different facades to satisfied their energy needs during the year. This studio is also useful to define shadows on the south facade. Secondly, I choose project targets able to reduce total consumption as during construction as during use. To do this deeply I decided 4 categories, each related to local sources. The four categories are: Sun, Water, Land and Air. The main category is the Sun and its main topic is focused to understand how direct radiation can influence heat gains, both in Winter and Summer. Reading through the Olgyay’s book I found different approaches useful to design a building optimizing local resources. To reduce winter consumption I focused my studies on the orientation. I noted that changing orientation I could decide how many Solar heat can enter into the building. Trying different orientation and provining their effectiveness through energetic balace, I understood that the optimal orientation was 0°N. It was subjected of an important Solar analysis to design the best choice to creating different scenarios during the day but has sought to achieve an optimal radiation throughout the year depending on seasonal demands for heat. The strategy adopted to reduce cooling, during the over heated period, consumption is to create projections on the south facade in order to shade many parts of it. I worked with lateral sections to define the right projection length to have shadows where I would reduce solar heat. I defined three shadow levels in agreement with J. Aronin studies and than I decided internal dispositions. The second issue is water, with the presence of water table, that offers me the chance to use heat pump water / water for heating and cooling the building. Rainwater can be used for toilets and garden watering. Another very important issue is Land. The use of recycled materials and a supplies is a maximum distance of 100 kilometers from the construction site, to cut fuel consumption during transportation, thus lowering the total energy consumed. The last category is Air and it permitted me to design brezee flows trough the apartments to reduce internal heat gains during the summer.
1st Floor Plan + 3,3m Section CC’
N
Massive Constructive Method
Ground Plan + 0,0m Section BB’
As for the Solar theme, the strategy is a bioclimatic design to minimize losses with high performance during the winter thanks to a technological package of building. The biggest part of the project was the analisys developed with Ecotect 2011. It involved direct radiation, diffuse radiation, comulative radiation, shadows and energy absorbtion. Thank to this studio i modified details into the project to improve the total biulding performance. From the pictures Direct Radiation on 21st June and Direct Radiation on 21st December is visible that during the summer the direct radiation involved is in the lowest part of the grade while in Winter it is in the upper part. The colours prove the effectiveness of the solutions adopted, expecially during the Summer when the shadows reduce direct radiation by 39,2%. In conclusion I compared the project with two other similar buildings: The first one is to prove winter solutions while the second one is to study summer solutions. The data collected showed that the solutions involved permit the best energy performance for this design: With Milan’s climate conditions it is able to be fully passive, in Winter, and partial passive (passive thanks to renewable energy production), in Summer, when it is able to spend - 32,6% energy to maintain the internal comfort temperature.
Lightweight Constructive Method
SPRH - SOLAR PASSIVE RESIDENTIAL HOUSING
ISARCH
International Award for architecture students
Section AA’
Garage Plan - 4,7m