I want to know one thing, what is color?
Pabl o Pi cas s o
STAFF
JESSICA CHEE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
SAUMYA KUMAR CREATIVE DIRECTOR
MIA MAGUIRE FASHION DIRECTOR
ZIWEI ZHAO EVENT COORDINATOR
JENNIFER MUN PR DIRECTOR
JUDY SAMATMANAKIT LAYOUT DIRECTOR
RICHARD YING PHOTOGRAPHER
DAISY TONG EVENT TEAM
ANGELA NAM PR ASSISTANT
RACHEL BIRNAM BLOGGER
ALLISON WIN WRITER
E d i t o r ’s Letter
My personal taste in wardrobe consists primarily of blacks and if I were to add any color, I would make an exception for shades of blue. I have long strayed away from (and hated) wearing colors but ironically, I have always had a fascination with the history and vividness that color provides and the influence it has on people, psychologically and artistically. If it has not been made fully aware, color is the main focus of this issue. Fashion Quarterly has embarked on a journey towards discovering these elements starting with the bare winter whites of fashion, transitioning to the denim dyeing process, and playing with the vibrancy of color that makeup provides. Despite this chilly winter season, the theme of this issue – the making and creation of color – also celebrates a new year and staff. As students, we have also explored the local area in the surrounding community, which includes cafés for those finals week grinds and the vogue elements of street-wear. The talent coming from this year’s staff has been truly inspirational and I could not be more proud of their contributions and the final product you now hold in your hands. We all hope that the contents discovered within the following pages will inspire you to try something new, whether it’s reinterpreting that classic winter recipe or finding new ways to style your favorite sweater.
Jessica Chee
WHITES
Model: Sofia Jaeger De Oliveira
A DE N I M STORY “ I h ave of t en s a id t h a t I wis h I had invented blue j eans: the mo s t s p e c t a cul a r, t h e mos t p ractical, the m o st relaxed and n o nc h a l a nt . Th ey h ave exp res s io n, m o desty, sex appeal, simp l i c i t y - al l I h op e for in my cl othes.� - Yve s S a i nt L a urent
Model: Mia Maguire
B y :
S a u m y a
K u m a r
Jeans have been transformed from what they once used to be—what was once known for its durability and sturdiness when working outdoors to now being recognized for its different washes, cuts, and forms. The processing and manufacturing of denim all starts with the cotton—which is what true denim is solely composed of (true denim excluding anything containing the words stretch, jegging, faded, etc). This cotton is dyed with indigo dye multiple times, which is why real denim will fade in the wash. These blue threads along with white cotton threads are threaded through a loom-like contraption, where the threads are woven together and washed to preshrink. Like many would have guessed, wholesale and commercialized denim manufacturing began with Levi Strauss in the 1940s, where the name “jeans”, was coined, because Strauss identified it as the slang term used for denim by the young teenagers. From that point in time, the popularity for denim skyrocketed—from the hippie’s rocking bell-bottoms to celebrities endorsing denim, the true trend started when designers started adopting denim into their collections. Big names such as Calvin Klein and Jordache started making denim formfitting, and experimented with different blends of denim, colors, and such is what resulted in the ubiquity of this clothing item today.
With Michael Spear (Brand Manager/Curator of Experiences)
Tell us about the history and the name of the company. Coffee & Tea Collective is a small-batch coffee roastery & tasting bar in North Park, San Diego. We started out, in 2010, as a small group of individuals passionate about the craft of specialty coffee, teas and the social experience that comes along with gathering around a shared experience. Our beginnings were rooted in sharing our craft with friends, families, and pretty much anyone interested in this new conversation of specialty coffee. We started small by participating in local events here in San Diego, most of which were art openings, music shows and other pop-ups around town. After 2 years of building our brand, its reputation, and roasting on our small 3lb roaster as much as we could, we opened up shop on El Cajon Blvd in 2012. Coffee & Tea Collective has a very “community”-based appeal, especially with your collaborations with other coffee shops, artists, stores, and local restaurants. How does the idea of “community” affect your company? Community is what we have built our business upon. It’s the foundational aspect of
what coffee is all about. People sit down for a cup of coffee with friends and get a chance to decompress, experience life and share ideas. We were heavily involved in the local art and music scene in San Diego, both personally and as a business, during our formative years and want to keep that a very integral part of who we are. We continue to bring in artists and musicians for shows at our space as well as setting up mobile coffee services at various events when we can. Coffee & Tea Collective has been around since 2010. What has been a major moment for the shop? Aside from opening our brick-and-mortar in 2012, every engagement we have with people is a major moment for us. Our goal is serve the best coffee in San Diego and to do so consistently. While we’re constantly changing out art, design, merch and products, the one unchanging aspect is the quality. We are currently working towards opening a second location in East Village in collaboration with Juice Saves. We’ll be replicating much of our original location as far as menu and services. The design and environment will be completely different and outfitted specifically for that location.
Where did you get your design inspiration from? How did the minimalistic and unique look of the shop & branding come about? Design has always played an important role in our identity and how we function. Our coffee experience is very specific, very detail oriented and clean. We wanted our brand identity to be as clean and simple-looking as our workspace. The clean and “unique” look of our shop was very intentional with the goal of directing the attention towards the preparation, service and delivery of each cup of coffee and tea. The drink is the final, celebrated design aspect of our shop. Does your store and design reflect your drinks & food items in any way? Our menu is simple and that’s the way it should be. Because we roast our own beans, we are driven to showcase the unique qualities of each single origin coffee and what it brings to the table. We don’t have syrups, flavors, or toppings because we believe that coffee, when roasted and served properly, has so many different characteristics and flavors by nature. Describe the coffee brewing process. What constitutes the “perfect” cup of coffee? There are so many different brew methods, processes and preferred ways to drink coffee. The only thing we can say that institutes a perfect cup of coffee is the freshness and quality of the beans and the time and atten-
tion that goes into brewing them. Our choice brew method is the pour-over method using Hario’s V60 cone. We have found that this gives the best and most accurate representation of the coffees that we source and roast. Coffee shouldn’t be a convenience. It’s a craft just like any other and will only get better with the amount of time, effort and attention to detail put into it. If you could describe your coffee in 3 words, what would it be and why? “Only the finest”. How long does it take to master the perfect latte art? Again, coffee isn’t easy. There are so many factors and variables that go into the creation of the final product. Latte art is a skill that constantly needs practice, exercise and improvement. What makes your coffee & store unique from others? We see Coffee & Tea Collective as gateway or catalyst into the larger conversation of third-wave, specialty coffee in San Diego. From day one our intention has always been to create community around the shared interest of coffee. We’re not here to say that we are right or that our methods are better than the next, but to share our passion of craft coffee with everyone who walks through our door in hopes to change the way that coffee is perceived.
The Luminaries of Color B y :
J e s s i c a
C h e e
It is difficult to visualize a world without color. We are conditioned to the photographs we shoot today in exactly replicating the colors and forms distinguished by our eyes. Color photography has become an expectation of true “reality” and has lead to intentions of creating visual focus for that perfect Instagram picture. We’ve gained knowledge through photography elements: lighting, to indicate the time of day, or even color, to allude to the ripeness of an avocado. Imagine then, the moments when color film was first introduced to black and white photography and the effect it had on the leading photographers of the time; the visionaries that pushed the boundaries of their artistry and frame composition. The practice spent perfecting the monochromatic medium of black and white becomes disturbed by the chaotic elements of cheap and foolproof color film; as a result, subjects and compositions change. The unknowingness in the result of the photograph became the artist’s most significant obstacle. How would the camera capture sunlight or even the stars in the night sky? Characteristics of the objects within the photo take on their own personalities and everything comes to life. Photographers such as William Eggleston, Stephen Shore, and Ansel Adams all started out in black and white and their beginning practices of studying color spiraled into a new art form that showcased the potential of color photography. Starting in the 1960’s, this era focused on each artist’s acceptance or rejection of experimenting with this modern color process, thereby establishing significant changes in the way they viewed photography as a medium of artistic expression and individuality. At the time, color in photos wasn’t something particularly new. Practical systems introduced in 1839 with Louis Daguerre’s daguerreotypes and William Henry Fox Talbot’s calotypes tested the use of hand coloring photographs and filters. Daguerreotypes differed from calotypes in that the former used an iodine-sensitized silvered plate and mercury vapor, while the latter’s negatives were made using paper coated with iodide. Given that photographs were only shot in black and white, photographers took to adding color to the surface of photographs using pigments, oils, watercolors, and other substances. Coloration processes included additive and subtractive principles, which meant mixing various amounts of colored light onto black and white negatives. One’s first thoughts of the 1960’s easily bring to mind the era of old-western America with its Mustang cars and ranch homes. Eggleston’s transition into color photography takes us into his humble world, which creates fascination in his works partly because they contradict our expectations of the 1960’s as new, radical, and subversive. The cross-
legged blonde woman in Memphis sits on the yellow curb in her navy dress as she is framed by the soon-to-be bare green and brownish autumn trees that make their way down the residential area. The color film Eggleston used creates the muted tones that have become synonymous with vintage photos, making this captured instant all the more special. The simplicity in Eggleston’s photographs also goes beyond that present moment. Compositionally, there is a recurring trend: a radiating and circular core creates one-point perspectives that center many of his photographs. Eggleston’s composition is assisted by the color captured in his works, characteristics that would be come integrated into his subsequent signature style. Stephen Shore’s early color photographs focus on the artist’s gaze, utilizing everyday objects, as they become articulate witnesses to a specific historical moment. Shore, known as one of the early leaders of the second generation of color photography, plays with the assemblage of color in Lookout Hotel. Ogunguit, Main, July 16, 1974. A yellow tabletop cover is the central point of the photograph but it is the pale blue and brown puzzle pieces casually laid out that create a primary color relationship between the cardboard and the cloth. Shore explains his fascination with color film by calling it “wonderful because it shows not only the intensity but also the color of light. There is so much variation in light between noon one day and the next, between ten in the morning and two in the afternoon”1. Like Eggleston, Shore also takes advantage of spatial depth in his photos, which is achieved through a skillful arrangement of objects in the foreground that provide links with the background. Diagonal lines are utilized and created throughout his works as the inhabitants of these scenes move about within the frame of the photo. This aesthetic execution became the standard for many American photographers at the time. Ansel Adams is primarily known for his dramatic black and white photographs that can typically be found decorating the space above one’s toilet or in those free calendars that are always hung around the office. What remains largely unknown to the public is his involvement and experimentation with color photography, including his participation in the 1950 “Color Photography” exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art. Even Adams has admitted his struggle with color in his works stating, “I have a problem with color – I cannot adjust to the limited controls of values and colors. With black-and-white I feel free and confident of results”2. His belief in the control of the medium became the steering wheel for many of his later works and Adams describes the desire he had for capturing a scene in color:
“Walking about the Yosemite Valley I strolled across a bridge over the Merced River and considered the scene before me. Half Dome dominated the scene with a brilliant thunderhead looming over it. The sunlit pines were a rich, cool green, and the oaks and willows were brighter and yellower. The deep shaded pools of the river were of dark, complex green. The forest shadows were darker. A man was fishing stream-side, with black waders and a cool orange jacket which literally blazed in sunlight against the dark forest. I looked from area to area of the scene; each revealed color and luminosity and could be painted in unlimited interpretations of form, color and texture.” Unfortunately, his rejection and frustration with the color medium was due in part to the limitations of exposure and rigid film-color response that could be modified today with our modern advancements and infinite controls in electronic imagery. As an attraction that all started out in the shape of a simple film device, those that were drawn to the new complexities and potential of capturing color photos took this opportunity to experiment. Eggleston and Shore learned how to capture the color elements of the 1960’s and 70’s in their images which has allowed observers to facilely place our feet in the photographer’s shoes at their precise moment. Adams on the other hand, admits his love-hate relationship with the plethora of possibilities of incorporating color into his portfolio of black-and-white landscape photographs. It is the memory captured by a photograph that attracts those new and old to the camera but for Eggleston, Shore, and Adams, color in photography opened their eyes to new ways of artistic expression.
1 Shore, Stephen, Heinz Liesbrock, Hilla Becher, and Bernd Becher.Stephen Shore: Photographs 1973- 1993. London: Schirmer Art, 1995. Print. 2 Adams, Ansel, Harry M. Callahan, John Paul Schaefer, and Andrea Gray. Stillman. Ansel Adams in Color. Boston: Little, Brown, 1993. Print.
WILLIAM EGGLESTON Memphis from William Eggleston’s Guide, 1976, c. 1969-71. Dye transfer print, 24 x 20 in (61 x 50.8 cm.) Collection of John Cheim. © Eggleston Artistic Trust, courtesy Cheim & Read, New York.
STEPHEN SHORE Lookout Hotel, Ogunquit, Maine, July 16, 1974 Chromogenic print. 7 5/8 x 9 5/8 in. (19.4 x 24.4 cm)
ANSEL ADAMS Yosemite Falls, Yosemite National Park, California c. 1953
Model: Jenna McCloskey
Make Up Forever B y :
M i a
M a g u i r e
&
Name: Meagan Brown Website: www.meaganbrown.com @meaganmua
A l l i s o n
W i n
Name: Kelsey Aida Roualdes Website: www.aidasloft.com @kelseyaidaroualdes
Background How did you get into makeup? MB: Originally, I had no idea of the possibilities makeup had to offer as a career. I had moved from AZ and wanted to work doing makeup so I researched local makeup artists and called until someone gave me the chance to assist them. KAR: I grew up training as a classical dancer, where early on I discovered my natural abilities for all things girly. As an independent little ballerina, I never wanted my mom helping me with my hair and makeup for shows (talk about embarrassing) so I would always insist on doing it myself. Turned out hair and makeup came naturally to me! I always ended up helping all the other girls backstage whenever we had a performance and in high school girls started asking me to do them up for Prom and Homecoming. As the entrepreneurial spirit that I am, I turned my services into a business and have been practicing these crafts ever since! KC: I was an oil painter since the age of 12. After pursuing an art major, I wanted to learn a bit more about makeup and after taking my first class, I knew that was my calling. What is your favorite part about being a makeup artist? MB: I love that I get to meet new people and go different places everyday. It’s always a new experience. KAR: My favorite part about being a makeup artist is the simple fact that I’m an artist. How many people get to say that they paint pretty faces for a living? Unlike many other artistic mediums, my canvases are alive; they have feelings and opinions. Making people feel extra beautiful and confident is an extremely rewarding career! Not to mention all the artistry and creativity that comes with doing makeup…especially in the fashion world. KC: My favorite part is to empower women. How long have you been practicing for? KAR: I’ve been doing hair and makeup for as long as I can remember, but only professionally for a few years now. I attended The Bellus Academy in Poway, California straight out of high school in 2012. Here, I received my Makeup Artistry Certificate through MUD (Make-up Designory), Cosmetology License for the state of Califor-
Name: KC Witcamp Website: www.makeupbykc.com
nia, and ITECH Certification (an International Hairdressing Certification). KC: I’ve been doing makeup since I was 17 years old. What is your one favorite product that you can use all-year round? MB: Everyone has their own makeup routine with what they feel comfortable with. However, most women I know can’t go a day without at least putting mascara on. In fact, I am constantly looking for better mascaras and what works best for most. KC: I think mascara is a must all year long. It’s like giving your lashes a cup of coffee in the morning, it’s hard to be ready for your day without it. A few of my personal favorite are: Make Up Forever Smoky Lash Eyeko Skinny Brush Mascara YSL Volume Effet Faux Cils (My personal favorite’s #4 and #6) KAR: Beautiful makeup applications always start with hydrated skin. One of my favorite products to use all year round is Visible Difference Creme Complex Hydrante by Elizabeth Arden. It leaves your skin feeling so soft and moisturized! I love sleeping with it and waking up hydrated, plus I use it on all my brides.
Skincare What skincare changes do we need to keep in mind as we transition to the winter season? MB: Typically the air is dry during the winter and it is important to keep your skin hydrated. Using soft gentle cleansers, non-alcoholic products, and creamy moisturizers. KAR: Something to consider during the winter is that your skin will be much more pale and dry, so it is important to be using a lighter foundation that matches your current skin tone and moisturize often. There’s nothing worse than a line of demarcation on your neck from using foundation that’s now too dark or having dry flakey skin. KC: Skin care is very important all year long. Cream cleanser, toner, eye cream, moisturizer in the AM & night cream in the PM are the basic products. Adding a hydrating serum will help with the harsh winter changes. My favorite is the skin care from Arbonne, it’s a vegan line that uses essential oils, it’s pure, safe and acts instantly. My skin has had a makeover since I started using it. What is your favorite winter moisturizer? MB: I love the luminous moisture cream from NARS. It has a creamy smooth feeling with still having a lightweight feel to the skin. It also helps makeup blend and go on smoothly. KAR: My favorite winter moisturizer is by Visible Difference Creme Complex Hydrante by Elizabeth Arden as I mentioned before, but this is best for nighttime because it does not contain SPF. If you are looking for a daytime moisturizer, anything by Murad is amazing and high quality! For those really rough spots like cracked elbows, hands, heels, and lips try The Original 8 Hour Cream by Elizabeth Arden because it works miracles!
Makeup How do you incorporate color into winter makeup? What color palette do you use the most? MB: This is the time of year to see muted or darker colors on the eyes and lips and lighter/fair semi-matte or matte complexions. I use a dark bold lip, mauves, plums, and even red-brown colors. KAR: For me, winter makeup is either all about the eyes or all about the lips. Focus on one or the other. If you’re going for a smokey eye, go light on the lips and vice versa. Browns, nudes, reds, and plums are winter staples as far as lips go. Deep and earthy shadows (shimmery and matte) look great on the eyes. I would just stay away
from anything pastel because that’s gonna look more like spring and less like winter. KC: It’s very easy to incorporate color into your winter look by applying a fun lipstick. Red is always a holiday color and everyone can pull it off as long as they have the right shade. On cooler skin tones, warm reds look best and on warm skin tones, cool reds will enhance the undertone of the skin. What are the differences between how you do makeup in the winter vs. other seasons? MB: Spring and summer call for fun and bright colors. The skin typically has more of a glow and bronzed effect. How can everyone pull off a red lip? How do you determine what red fits with what skin tone? MB: It’s all about balance. If you think of a painting or a picture on your wall, you don’t look at only one area…you look at the entire piece of art. Same thing goes for your makeup; you don’t want your lips to overpower your look. In addition, the undertone of the red will really determine the softness and enhancement of your complexion. The thing to remember is, opposites attract. If you have an olive undertone, try using a warmer toned red. If you have pink or redness in your skin, use a muted or blue undertone red. KAR: Red lips are classic, but it’s important to find one that works for you specifically. If your skin is porcelain or fair, stick with either cooler red tones, meaning they have a blue or purple undertone, or something orange or coral. Olive and golden skin tones have more options when it comes to red because they can get away with wearing cool and warm reds. I have found two reds that seem to be surprisingly universal and somehow look good on nearly all of my clients and these are “Lady Bug” lipstick by MUD and “Always Red” 01 Sephora Collection Creme Lip Stain. What are the different ways you can change up a red or dark lip to give different looks? MB: There is always the classic winged liner to smoky eye look. However, my personal favorite is a soft neutral matte shadow (like Portobello or Sophia from NARS) applied along the lid, just blending in your crease. What is trending for the winter season right now? MB: This season is all about the eyes and “maxi” brows. Try using lengthening mascara or some doll-like lashes. If you have a lack of hair in your brow, try using a brow pencil (a shade or two lighter then your hair color) first then followed by an ashy brown. KAR: As far as makeup goes, my new favorite trend is a brown lip! Ya’ know, like the ones women used to wear in the 90s. It’s back and better than ever. “Velvetine” by Limecrime is the perfect matte brown for winter! What types of blushes (texture and color) go well for winter? MB: This winter, soft pink matte blushes (like Sex Appeal by NARS, a soft light pink) are on trend and will help the focus go to your eyes. KAR: My favorite winter blushes are anything mauve. Blushes with more purple look lovely on all skin tones. I prefer using cream blushes in the winter because they give a dewy, moisturized finish. Try any of the Cream Blushes from Stila. They are a staple in any makeup artists’ kit! KC: For blushes, I tend to use cream blushes because they are less dehydrating and last a bit longer. Pale pinks or soft corals are my favorites to complement the skin and just give it a healthy look. What is your go-to eye makeup look for winter?
MB: My favorite look this winter is going all Monochromatic. You’ll need only a few products to pull off this look and it’s easy to apply. KAR: My favorite type of look to create is something natural and dewy, leaving my client or model looking young, fresh, effortless, and still like themselves. I usually use an airbrush to achieve this look on clients, but the same can be achieved at home. The key is not to over powder your face as this can make your skin look dry and aged. Flawless skin never goes out of style! Hair What are some winter hair trends or cuts for this winter? KAR: The shorter, the trendier when it comes to hair this winter. Going from long, shapeless locks to a cute mid-length or bob seems to be the most popular thing to do these days. In my professional opinion, I love this trend because it is flattering, fashionable, and wearable. Shorter hair has shape, style, and is flattering on everyone. Many clients come to me saying something like, “I really would love to cut my hair short, but I just don’t have the face for it, it’s too round… Maybe once I lose 15 more pounds…”. I explain to them that anyone with any face shape can wear short hair! It’s all about the shape of the haircut that makes the difference. And if you think you’re too heavy for short hair, then think again because long hair is actually bringing your face down and making you seem heavier than you really are! In other words, long & shapeless hair is not doing you any favors unless you’re Rapunzel. KC: I feel like this season is all about the short effortless hair in lighter tones. How can we keep our hair moisturized and shiny during winter? KAR: I always recommend switching to a moisturizing shampoo and conditioner during winter and investing in a dry shampoo so that you can go longer in between washes. Washing your hair every other day is a great way to avoid stripping your hair of its natural oil. Sounds gross, but it’s actually great for your scalp and who doesn’t love that second day messy hair look? Kevin Murphy makes a great Hydrating Shampoo and Conditioner that won’t weigh your hair down called “Hydrate Me”. We use this in the salon and my hands and nails are never dry after work from all the shampooing, which is a big deal for a stylist! Another thing to keep in mind is that investing in your shampoo and conditioner is one of the best things you can do for your precious locks. You get what you pay for when it comes to most beauty products. Professional products will always contain better and more concentrated ingredients than drugstore alternatives. It may cost more in the initial transaction, but you use much less product so it lasts you longer and saves your hair in the long run. Always purchase these professional lines from your salon rather than finding the same brands on Amazon or at Marshalls because often times they tamper with and water down the product, which explains the lower costs. Most salons will take back a product if you end up not caring for it so why not give it a try? Do you have any general tips for maintaining hair cut/color/etc.? KAR: When deciding what kind of cut or color you want, make sure to ask yourself (and tell your stylist) how often you’re willing to visit the salon. If you’re a low maintenance kind of girl, who only goes a few times a year, it’s important to take this into consideration. You won’t want a super short and technical bob with an all over color that is very different from your natural color because the cut and color will grow out quickly. Maybe some free hand highlights with an ombré effect and a longer layered haircut would grow out best in between visits. If you’re dedicated to maintaining your look then go crazy! Get the pixie cut with fun color, why not? KC: Using a good conditioner is the key to healthy hair. Also, using a good scalp masque once a week will keep your hair healthy.
vibrancy Hillcrest Farmer’s Market
Psychology of Color B y :
A l l i s o n
W i n
You open your eyes—what do you see? Maybe your bedroom walls, some furniture, your cellphone, clothes you didn’t have time to fold strewn around…but what are they colored? Colors surround our world wherever we go. At times we see them, but don’t acknowledge them. Other times, a certain color may strike us so deeply that we are captivated—or repulsed—by its hue. Colors greatly influence our lives, from how objects in the world are presented to us, to how our own moods and subconscious are affected. By controlling the colors around us, simple visual changes can enhance our lives.
Color of the Objective When we look into nature we see: blue skies, green grass, brown dirt, and red-orange sunsets. Over the course of evolution, these colors have become associated with certain emotions based on their roles in nature. Nowadays, marketers for all products take advantage of these associations to portray their products a certain way. Color grabs our attention, and influences us more than we realize. Food It is often said that we first eat with our eyes. The better food looks, the more we desire to eat it. Color, in turn, has the power to influence how we taste our food; certain colors correspond to certain tastes. Just by changing the color of a certain food, we can believe it has a completely different taste. One study took lemon-flavored Jell-o and dyed it red, blue, and white. Participants who tried each color thought the red tasted the sweetest, like strawberry, the blue tasted like raspberries, and the white tasted blander. Generally, red foods evoke the taste of sweetness, as in strawberries or cherries. Yellow foods are perceived as sour, and green foods are tart or bitter. Finally, darker colors such
as blue, black, and purple rarely occur in nature, and therefore are associated with poisonous or spoiled food. Research has found that people are attracted to vibrant foods, and that is why many shelved products contain extra food coloring. For example, when Hot Cheetos are made, the final product is gray—but no one would really want to eat a gray Cheeto. Color goes even farther than signifying taste. Sometimes, it can affect your appetite. Red is famously known for increasing appetite. That is why many restaurants like McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Chipotle, Pizza Hut, etc. all use red in their logos. Blue, on the other hand, is known for decreasing appetite. So if you’re looking to go on a diet, putting a blue light in your refrigerator can help curb hunger. An optical illusion called the Delboeuf illusion can aid with portion control as well. When there is low color contrast between your food and plate, you tend to serve yourself more food compared to when the food you eat is sharply contrasted with the plate you’re using. If you want to cut down on red pastas, use a white or other high-contrast plate color. If you want to eat more greens, try putting them on a green plate. Marketing Just like how many restaurants use color to stimulate appetite,
other brands strategically use color to imply a characteristic they want to be identified with. When we shop, about 90% of initial judgment on a product is solely based on its color. Red portrays power and passion, energy and excitement. It is a bold color that captures attention with alarm (think of the redness of blood). Companies that incorporate red include: Virgin Airlines, Coca-Cola, Netflix, Target, and YouTube. Yellow is the brightest color on the spectrum, and attracts the most attention. Its radiant hue often evokes fun, friendliness, happiness, and optimism. McDonald’s, IKEA, Sprint, and Nikon all employ yellow to associate joy with their products. Green is abundantly apparent throughout the world, from forests to grassy meadows. Undoubtedly, green represents the environment and Earth. The idea of growing greenery also can represent universal love, youth, and life. Some examples include: Starbucks, Garnier Fructis, Whole Foods, and Animal Planet. Blue embodies calmness, just like the ocean. The color also signifies logic, trust, integrity, and strength. Depending on the shade, blue can also have a tendency to appear cold and unapproachable. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Tiffany are all companies who use blue in their logos. Purple is scarce and difficult to find in nature, thus making it a color of luxury. Purple is associated with decadence,
creativity, and whimsy. Brands such as Cadbury, Yahoo, and Hallmark all showcase their special nature with purple. Pink, depending on its shade, can convey sweetness or sex appeal. It is a color that embodies love and femininity. Victoria’s Secret famously represents its brand with shades of pink, and even has a line named after the color. Orange combines the passion of red and happiness of yellow to create a stimulating medium between the two. Orange represents warmth, confidence, social interaction, and playfulness. Brands that use this color include: Nickelodeon, Firefox, Amazon, and Fanta. Black is a glamorous color that evokes sophistication and exclusivity. Many high-end luxury brands utilize black, such as Chanel and Saint Laurent. Brown, perhaps because of earth’s stability, symbolizes dependability and safety. UPS appropriately uses brown to symbolize its reliable services. Gray and White are neutral colors that bring balance and focus. Often times, gray is used to emphasize content over appearance. Brands that use gray include Apple, Wikipedia, and Mercedes. These character associations are usually created before consumers register the colors of brand logos. Marketers first craft a personality around a brand, then use color to enhance
it. A brand’s logo color makes more sense once consumers create a relationship with that certain brand. For example, it is fitting that Whole Foods is green, or Victoria’s Secret is pink based on what we already know of the brands’ personalities. The lingering colors serve as subconscious reminders of personality strengths marketers want us to remember. Color of the Self Why is blue one of the most favored colors? What makes us prefer one color to another? According to psychologists Stephen Palmer and Karen Schloss of UC Berkeley, color preference is largely rooted in experience. The more experience-based positive feedback a person receives about a particular color, the more a person will like that color. People also seem to prefer brightly saturated colors as opposed to more pastel tones. Whatever the reason of preference, color can help boost one’s mood and convey a certain impression to others. If you are feeling down, instead of dressing in dark colors to reflect your mood, wearing brighter colors can make you feel happier. Techniques like this are used in color therapy to provide a simple change that can benefit people’s wellbeings. For first dates, most know that red is the go-to color for women. Red exhibits passion, and is actually known to raise blood pressure. That is why many men find women dressed in red arousing. On the other hand, blue is the go-to color for men on first dates. Blue lowers blood pressure, giving a calming effect. It also conveys stability and trust—characteristics women definitely look for in men. These features make blue a good color to wear for interviews as well. Yellow and orange are warm, bright colors that can help bring more energy into your life. As we know, yellow is a happy color that can instantly boost your mood. At times the bright hue can be difficult to pull off, so incorporating yellow accessories is an easier method of wearing the color. Orange emphasizes vitality and endurance. It is an active color, and can be a nice alternative to yellow that isn’t as risky. Both yellow and orange express a friendly and approachable aura—perfect for mingling with others. Earthy tones, such as beige, light brown, and tan can also create an approachable feel. In general, the more inviting you want to appear, the lighter your clothing should be. Pastels are ideal shades that are always welcoming. Green is an additional color that gives off a fresh and relaxed vibe; it can rejuvenate both the wearer and the observer. Conversely, if you are trying to appear more authoritative, dark colors such as black, dark gray, and navy command a sense of seriousness. The darker the shade, the more intimidating one appears. These colors may be suitable in the workplace for high-level positions, or during meetings. However, a light-to-medium gray should be avoided at work as it can signal passiveness or lack of energy. For the occasional party, black is a chic and slimming color that is versatile enough for anyone to wear. If you’re looking to impress with an air of maturity and sophistication, purple is another color that can add class.
For the office: Blue and green are both calming and relaxing shades that can enhance productivity in the office. In particular, blue embodies logic. Studies have found that people in a blue-painted room work more efficiently than those in a white-painted room. For your computer background, green is the color to use. Because of its tie to nature, the relaxing color can help reduce eye-strain after long hours of staring at a digital screen. For the workout room: Red, orange, and yellow are all invigorating colors that perk up your energy. If heat is a concern, red may not be the best choice since it is known to increase the perceived temperature of a room. For the living room: Friendly colors are the focus here. Warm colors like reds, yellows, and oranges, are automatic go-to’s to open up the atmosphere and encourage conversation. Earthy tones are also great for creating an inviting atmosphere. For the kitchen & dining room: Usually for kitchens, a color from your childhood memories is the choice that most pick. However, if no certain color comes to mind, a red or yellow can liven up the kitchen. Keep in mind that red stimulates appetite, which makes it a great color for the dining room, but maybe not the kitchen if you’re trying to diet. For the bathroom: If you’re going for a clean feeling, whites and warm colors are best suited for your bathroom. For a fresher feel, blues and greens will do the trick. For the bedroom: The bedroom is the place to unwind and relax after a long day. To stimulate relaxation, blues, greens, and lavender can help in the de-stressing process. A light pink can also bring the feeling of love and comfort into your bedroom.
Color of Surroundings Sometimes simply surrounding yourself with a particular color can greatly affect your productivity and mood. Studies have found that certain colors are made to enliven certain settings around your house. To improve aspects of your living space, try to incorporate more of the following colors:
photo credits: (previous page) - http://jasonziggy.tumblr.com/post/55866792346 (left) - The Nickersons - thenickersons.ca
winter recipes B y :
R i c h a r d
Y i n g
&
A l l i s o n
W i n
Winte r is all a bo u t co mfo r t— l o n g , fro s t y nights spe nt cozi ed u p wi t h s oft , wa r m blanke ts. The days s eem t o s t i l l a n d t ra nsitio n quick l y i nt o n i g ht s . We a l l t en d t o slow down , a n d yea r n t o h i ber n a t e i ndo o rs. We crave fo r h ot s t ews , h ea r t y e ntre Ê s , a n d i n du l g ent des s er t s . With many vi bra nt p ro du ce o u t of s ea s o n , we turn to t h e ea r t hy ro ot s a n d veg et able s of winter. Th e deep co l o r s of s q u a s h , swe e t pota t o , a n d ch es t n u t co mfo r t u s with the ir to a s t y h u es . However, i n t h e midst of muddl ed, brown ed co l o r s , s p a rkle s of je wel -t o n ed bl o o d o ra n g es a n d po me granate s s t i l l i l l u m i n a t e a wh i t e wi nt er.
Tomato Bisque Almost everyone craves soup in the winter. From hearty to creamy and everything in-between, soups are simple, satisfying meals that quickly warm us up in cold weather. Tomato bisque is a classic that not only brings warmth with its temperature, but with its signature red-orange color as well.
3/4 28oz can diced tomatoes 2 vine-ripened tomatoes, coarsely chopped 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil or butter 1 large shallot or ½ onion, finely chopped 1 medium carrot, finely chopped 1 clove garlic, finely minced 1 tablespoon brown sugar 1 tablespoon tomato paste 2-3 fresh basil leaves, chopped 2-3 sprigs parsley 1 14oz can chicken stock, or 2 cups homemade salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste 1/3 cup heavy cream (Optional) sun dried tomatoes for texture croutons for garnish
Heat olive oil or butter in a medium pot on medium heat. Add the chopped onions, carrots, and minced garlic and sautĂŠ for about ten minutes. Add the diced tomatoes, chopped tomatoes, brown sugar, tomato paste, basil, parsley, and chicken stock. Stirring occasionally, bring the soup to a boil then lower to medium heat and simmer, uncovered, for about 15 minutes until vegetables are tender. Transfer the soup to a blender and purĂŠe the soup until smooth. Retransfer to pot, and add cream, salt, and pepper to taste. Keep on low heat, and serve with julienned basil leaves or a sprig of parsley, sun dried tomatoes, and/or croutons.
Rosemary Chicken Over Ratatouille This dish incorporates versatile chicken with a Fall/Winter twist. The rosemary enlivens the chicken with a cozy, piney flavor—perfect for a Christmas feel. Baked ratatouille complements the chicken with dashes of warm colors from Winter squashes.
Chicken 2 chicken breasts or thighs, skin on 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil 1 sprig fresh rosemary, plus leaves from 1 sprig 1 clove garlic, minced juice of a lemon salt and fresh ground black pepper to taste Ratatouille 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil 1 small eggplant, thinly sliced 1 small zucchini, thinly sliced 1 small yellow squash, thinly sliced 1 small red bell pepper, cored and quartered then thinly sliced 1/4 can diced tomatoes (left over from the bisque) 1 6oz can tomato paste (minus what was used for the bisque) 1 shallot or 1/4 onion, finely chopped 1 clove minced garlic 2 basil leaves, finely chopped 2 sprigs parsley, finely chopped salt and fresh ground black pepper to taste
Preheat the oven to 375 degrees. Marinate the chicken breasts with lemon juice, rosemary leaves, garlic, and seasoning for at least 15 minutes. In a pan with olive oil on medium-high heat, sear both sides of the chicken breasts until brown, about 5 minutes each side, then place aside. For the ratatouille, combine olive oil, tomato paste, diced tomatoes, shallot or onion, minced garlic, basil leaves, and parsley in a bowl and season to taste. Transfer to a small casserole dish, and arrange alternating slices of eggplant, zucchini, squash, and bell pepper starting from the outside edge inwards, overlapping about half of each slice (similar to how it looks in the Disney movie). Drizzle with olive oil and lightly season with salt and pepper. Cover with parchment paper cut to fit the dish, then bake for about 15 minutes. Remove the parchment paper, raise the heat to 450 degrees, and lay the chicken over the vegetables. Bake for another 15-20 minutes until the chicken is fully cooked.
Sweet Potato Soufflé Sweet potatoes are a staple in the Fall and Winter. Used in both savory and sweet dishes, this root vegetable spices up meals with its beautiful bronze-orange color. Sweet potato soufflé is a simple dessert that celebrates the sweet potato’s subtle, sugary flavor.
2 cups sweet potato, cubed 1/4 cup white sugar 1 egg, beaten 1/4 teaspoon salt 2 tablespoons butter, softened 1/4 cup milk 1/4 teaspoon vanilla extract 1/4 cup packed brown sugar 1/6 cup all-purpose flour 1.5 tablespoons butter, softened 1/4 cup chopped pecans (Optional) marshmallows
Preheat oven to 325 degrees. Put sweet potatoes in a medium saucepan and cover with water. Cook over medium-high heat until tender, then drain and mash. In a large bowl, mix together the sweet potatoes, white sugar, eggs, salt, butter, milk, and vanilla extract. Mix until smooth, then transfer to a baking dish. In a separate bowl, mix the brown sugar and flour. Cut in the butter until mixture is coarse. Stir in the pecans. Sprinkle the dry mixture over the sweet potato mixture. Bake in the preheated oven for 30 minutes, or until the topping is lightly brown.
Pear and Pomegranate Spinach Salad Pomegranate, the ruby-like fruit, is a true gem during a cold, dreary winter. Its tart flavor, mixed with sweet pears over a bed of spinach is the perfect refresher from the sluggish weather. Both pomegranates and pears are in season and at their prime. This salad is a quick, healthy break from heavy winter meals.
3 cups spinach, rinsed 1 Bartlett or Anjou pear 1/3 cup pomegranate seeds 1 tablespoon vegetable oil 2 tablespoons pomegranate juice 1 tablespoon lemon juice 1 teaspoon prepared Dijon-style mustard 1/2 tablespoon honey ground black pepper to taste
Wash spinach leaves and set aside in a bowl. Halve and core the pear, then cut each half into slices. Scoop pomegranate seeds into another bowl. Combine pear slices, pomegranate seeds, and spinach leaves. Toss and mix gently. Combine the vegetable oil, pomegranate juice, lemon juice, mustard, honey, and pepper in a saucepan. Bring to a boil over high heat, then reduce heat and simmer, stirring frequently until the dressing thickens slightly, about 2 minutes. Pour the dressing over the salad and serve.
Sear-Roasted Halibut with Blood Orange Salsa The other hidden jewel of winter is the blood orange. Its invigorating crimson color automatically brightens any plate. By using a light, mild fish like halibut, the sweet, citrusy flavors of blood orange salsa are sure to shine. Sear-roasting halibut also makes for a toasty, golden crust.
Salsa juice from 1 orange 1 blood orange cut into segments 1 tablespoon minced red onion 2 sprigs chopped fresh cilantro 1/4 chopped avocado 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil 1 tablespoon finely grated orange zest (from the 2 oranges) salt and fresh ground black pepper to taste Halibut 1 teaspoon finely grated orange zest (from the 2 oranges) 1 teaspoon chopped fresh thyme 2 halibut fillets 3 tablespoons olive oil salt and fresh ground black pepper to taste
To make the salsa, in a small saucepan, reduce the orange juice to a thick consistency, about 5 minutes. In a medium bowl, combine half of the reduced orange juice, blood orange segments, onion, avocado, cilantro, olive oil, and orange zest. Season to taste with salt and pepper. For the halibut, season the fillets with the zest, thyme, salt, and pepper. Heat olive oil over medium-high heat in a skillet. Lay down the fillets away from you and sear without moving, paying attention to the fish turning opaque. When the fillets are white 2/3 of the way up, flip them and sear for another couple minutes. Plate the fish, and spoon the salsa and the rest of the reduced orange sauce over the fish to serve.
Rice Pudding with Orange Zest Rice pudding offers a nice, lighter alternative to the otherwise heavy bread pudding served at many holiday meals. Infused with orange zest, this dessert plays up the sunny, in-season citrus. The dish has all the satisfaction of a comforting dessert, with an added refresher of orange.
1/2 cup long grain white rice 2 cups milk 1 cup light cream 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 teaspoon orange zest 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon 2 tablespoons butter 1/4 cup sugar
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. In a large pot of boiling water, cook rice for 5 minutes and drain. Rinse rice under water, drain once more, and set aside. In a saucepan, combine milk, cream, vanilla, zest, and cinnamon. Bring mixture to a boil and stir. Turn off heat and stir in butter and sugar. Let mixture cool for 15 minutes. Add the rice to the milk mixture and pour into a baking dish. Cover with foil and bake about 1 hour and 15 minutes. Stir mixture after 45 minutes. Serve warm.
CLOTHES COURTESY OF Y-3, LA JOLLA Models: Kenny Lee, Nicholas Reyes, Amy Rhee
The Publication may have been funded in part or in whole by funds allocated by the ASUCSD. However, the views expressed in this publication are solely those of Fashion Quarterly, its principal members, and the authors of the content of this publication. While the publisher of this publication is a registered student organization at UC San Diego, the content, opinions, statements, and views expressed in this or any other publication published and/or distributed by Fashion Quarterly are not endorsed by and do not represent the views, opinions, policies, or positions of the ASUCSD, GSAUCSD, UC San Diego, the University of California, and the Regents or their officers, employees, or agents. The publisher of this publication bears and assumes the full responsibility and liability for the content of this publication.
FQ