Eurofish Magazine 1 2011 by Eurofish

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ISSN 1868-5943 / 2011 C 44346

February 1 / 2011

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ISSN 1868-594

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In this issue

Salmon contributes to record-breaking seafood exports from Norway in 2010 Norway – The feature on Norway includes a wide-ranging interview with Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, Minister of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs, who speaks about ministry policy in the aquaculture and fisheries industries, and outlines some of her priorities for the future. Norwegian exports of fish and seafood set new records again this year reaching a value of EUR7bn and a volume of 2.7m tonnes. The value of exports of salmon- and trout-derived products amounted to 60% of the total export value, thanks to higher prices and higher volumes of salmon. The popularity of Norwegian salmon is driven in part by the growing demand for sushi around the world and the drop in production in Chile. Among the most rapidly growing markets for Norwegian seafood is China and Hong Kong, where the Norwegian Seafood Export Council recently organised a display of sushi so large that it won a place in the Guinness book of records (see cover image). The salmon industry will continue to grow in the future, developing innovative solutions for problems and providing consumers with healthy and tasty products. Read more on page 21 Russia – Despite the recession the Russian fisheries sector had a good year in 2010 mainly due to the structural measures that have been implemented over the last few years. Possibly the most farreaching was the switch from annual fishing quotas to 10-year quotas. This change introduced a degree of stability to the industry by enabling companies to make long-term plans and investments. Another change was the decision that made it mandatory to land all fish caught in the Russian EEZ in Russian ports. This had the effect of bringing more fish on to the Russian domestic market as well as increasing government revenues from the taxes levied on the landed fish. Russia has ambitious plans to modernise its ports and vessels. This is necessary if the level of catches is to increase as envisaged in the federal programme for fisheries. Aquaculture and mariculture are also attracting attention as the government wants to increase the output of farmed fish to 440 thousand tonnes of fish by 2020. Read more on page 31 Fraud in the seafood sector – Fraud is a widespread problem affecting every aspect of the trade in seafood. In a new column, Eurofish Magazine will highlight how fraud is perpetrated and what companies and employees can and should do in order to lessen the risk of becoming victims of dishonest practices. Each edition of the column will focus on a different theme and will show how simple precautionary measures can make all the difference to a company. Read more on page 44 Live fish transport – The transport of live fish and shellfish offers several logistical challenges that must be overcome if the animals are to arrive safely at their destination. Fish in particular are difficult and expensive to transport because of their special requirements regarding water, oxygen, temperature, and pH. If any of these parameters climbs or falls beyond a certain value the result could be disastrous. But the need to transport fish and shellfish has resulted in the development of ingenious technologies which are constantly being improved. Read more on page 53 “Green” packaging – Over the past three decades the production of packaging material has risen about three-fold. On average, every consumer in the western world opens about seven product packs a day, be it a bar of chocolate, a can of coke, or a MAP tray with smoked salmon. Once opened the packaging has fulfilled its purpose and can be discarded. Increasingly however companies are trying to make sure that the life cycle of packaging materials is environmentally benign. Reconciling this with the other requirements that packaging has to fulfil can often be difficult. Read Dr Manfred Klinkhardt’s article on page 59 www.eurofishmagazine.com

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Table of News 6 International News

Events 13 Traceability workshop and conference in Copenhagen Managing traceability in emerging and existing ecolabels 16 European Seafood Exposition The world’s largest seafood show prepares to open its doors

Norway 21 Norway: Interview with Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, Minister for Fisheries and Coastal Affairs Science and sustainability govern fisheries management

25 Norway: Demand for seafood in China and Hong Kong explodes Seafood exports reach a new high in 2010

RUSSIA 31 Russia: Interview with Andrey Krainy, Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries Fisheries sector defies recession 35 Aquaculture development in Russia Ambitious plans for cultivation of fish and seafood

Russian catches are expected to be 4m tonnes in 2010, up from 3.7m tonnes in 2009.

4 Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

Fish consumption in Russia is rising as fish is redirected from the export to the local market.

Contents Aquaculture 38 Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture Mechanical filtration 42 Aquatir Ltd farms sturgeon on the Dniester Black caviar for the world market

Fraud 44 Fraud in the seafood trade The pitfalls of using letters of credit

Pelagics 48 Challenges facing the pelagic fish sector Emphasis on pelagic fish as food products

Worldwide Fish News

Technology

Belgium

pages

8, 10, 16

Denmark

pages

10, 13

Germany

page

Iceland

page

Italy

page

Moldova

page

Norway

pages

Poland

page

Russia

pages

Spain

page

Sweden

pages

Turkey

page

pages

USA

page

7, 10, 21, 25

53 Transport of live fish and seafood Well-tried methods alongside new technologies 58 Seac AB offers completely renovated processing machinery On-board processing of pelagic fish

Trade and Markets 59 Reduce, reuse and recycle Do “green” concepts solve the problem of packaging waste?

6 31, 35 6 6, 58 7 6, 10 10

Fish Infonetwork 63 Events

Service 65 Diary Dates 66 Imprint, List of Advertisers

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ news international ] Poland: One of Europe’s fastest growing economies in 2011 In 2009, Poland recorded 1.7-percent GDP growth and was the only European Union country to avoid a recession in the aftermath of the global financial and economic crisis, reports the Warsaw Voice. In 2010, Poland’s economic growth accelerated to 3.4-3.6 percent, and a similar figure is expected in 2011.Data from the Central Statistical Office indicates that in the third quarter of 2010, Poland’s GDP grew 4.2 percent, up from 3.5 percent in the previous quarter. Forecasts for the next few months are also optimistic. In its fall forecast, the European Commission

put Poland’s GDP growth in 2010 at 3.5 percent. In its report, the European Commission sees a strong revival in Poland’s economy in 2011, due to domestic demand driven by a steady improvement on the labour market, growing consumer and business confidence and an intensified inflow of funds from abroad. According to the European Commission, Poland’s GDP will grow 3.9 percent in 2011, and the revival is expected to be even more pronounced in 2012 owing to foreign investment and an overall improvement in international markets.

Spain: Unknown crustacean found by Spanish and French researchers Researchers at the Spanish Institute of Oceanography have discovered a new species of small crustacean that has been named Politolana sanchezi. The animal was found in the El Cachucho Marine Protected Area an offshore bank off the coast of northern Spain, and the first Spanish Marine Protected Area. Inmaculada Frutos, researcher at the Spanish Institute of Oceanography, and Jean Claude Sorbe, from the National Center for Scientific Research of France, have submitted the taxonomic des cription of the crustean to the journal Zootaxa. The animal measures

about two centimeters and lives in soft bottoms of the southern Bay of Biscay and western Galicia, bet ween 480 and 829 meters depth. It is able to burrow down to 5 cm in muddy bottoms and to swim up to at least the 1 m water layer above the sea floor. El Cachucho, which resembles in some respects a seamount with a complex system of channels and canyons, is highly biodiverse with a density of organisms not seen in other areas of the surrounding Cantabrian Sea. Politolana sanchezi is the third new species to have been discovered in the last year of research.

Italy: Sapore caters to every taste in the Mediterranean food industry

Sweden: Exos lowers prices on older models

The Mediterranean Seafood Exposition in Rimini on the Italian east coast is a one stop shop for those involved in any aspect of the seafood business. From fresh to frozen produce and oven-ready dishes to preserved specialities, not to mention equipment and processing systems every aspect of the value-addition chain is represented at the event, which claims to be the only one of its kind in the Mediterranean. The MSE is part of the Sapore tasting experience, an umbrella designation that refers to six co-located

The Swedish company with 20 years of experience manufacturing pinbone removers has announced a reduction in price of upto 20% on its older models. It is now also offering the 220EL, which is a new version of the successful 220E-model, but made for left hand use. Developed for a big processor in USA, the Exos-220EL is ideal for after control directly after an automatic two-lane pin bone remover. This makes for more ergonomic handling, where the fillet does not have to be turned

events that address the food, beverage, wine, olive oil, and frozen food sectors, apart from fish and seafood. The focus at Sapore is on innovations in eating out, the latest products, venue formats and trends. Last year the event attracted some 1,000 companies exhibiting in 85,000 sq. m of space, and over 75,000 visitors. These were from the food service, hotels, restaurants, and catering, distribution, the retail trade, as well as production and processing. This year Sapore will be held from 19-22 February.

before removing the bones. This electrically driven equipment enables pin bones to be removed more quickly than with manual machines and meat loss is minimal. It has been timed in operation at 4 seconds per fillet which gives a theoretical speed of 15 fillets per minute, and is ideally suited to post-rigour (two days after slaughter) salmon and trout fillets for a superior result with minimal gaping. No training is required to use the machine which is robust and easy to clean at the end of the day.

UK: Japanese-run academy in London to improve European sushi standards The chef at a Michelin-starred restaurant in Tokyo together with other leading lights from the world of professional Japanese sushi will open Europe’s first sushi academy in London. Its task will be to train chefs

6 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

in the production and presentation of sushi, reports the Telegraph. Sushi is increasing hugely in popularity all over the world as it is considered healthy and non-fattening, but the sushi commonly available in

E urope at bars and restaurants is far removed from the product that is served in Japan. The new academy aims to correct several misconceptions about sushi and will instruct chefs in not only cooking techniques and

methods, but also the philosphy behind Japanese cuisine. A one year programme at the academy is expected to cost about GBP18,000, and will draw on well known sushi chefs from Japan to give guest lectures.

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[ news international ] Turkey: Investment fund takes stake in Kilic Aquaculture

Norway: Norway and China collaborate on research into krill

The National Bank of Kuwait owned investment fund, NBK capital, has taken a 20% stake in a leading aquaculture company in Turkey, kilic Aquaculture. The company is active in both marine and freshwater farming and had a turnover of over USD140m in 2010, reports the Hürriyet Daily News. Seabass and seabream are the major marine species that the company farms with an anticipated volume of 25,000 tonnes in 2011, while production of trout is expected to be about 5,000 tonnes. While these are the main species there

The Norwegian Institute of Marine Research reports that Norway and China will cooperate on research into krill in the Southern Ocean over the next five years. The Norwegian company Aker Biomarine will donate access to its modern krill trawler for five days each year. The first survey will take place in February and two scientists are already preparing the vessel and the equipment for the trip. The surveys over the next five years will take place around the South Orkney Islands, an area that has

is also a substantial production of newer species meagre, white snout bream, and recently also turbot. The company is fully integrated with its own hatcheries, grow out facilities, processing plants and marketing units, and it exports to several countries in the EU and is testing the market in Russia. The company has also started the production of value added products under the Kilic brand. The investment will be used for capacity expansion and working capital funding, according to Orhan Kilic, board chairman of Kilic.

not been surveyed regularly, and will provide data on krill and the species that feed on it primarily penguins and seals. Norwegian fishing vessels landed 120,000 tonnes of krill in 2010, a figure that is expected to increase in the years to come. China’s catches were almost 2,000 tonnes, but their fishing effort only started last year; it is expected to increase rapidly. Understanding the d ynamics of krill populations and their distribution will greatly assist the sensible management of the resource.

Iceland: US government fishery monitoring programme selects equipment from Marel The US government’s West Coast Groundfish Observer Programme places observers on commercial fishing vessels fishing off the west coast of the

United States to monitor and record catch data, including species composition of retained and discarded catches. By recording data on length, weight, and sex

Welcome to the 6th North AtlANtic SeAfood forum coNfereNce oSlo mArch 1–3, 2011

the observers contribute to understanding of the fishery and provide accurate records of the composition of catches, bycatches, and discards. To analyse the

catches the Programme n eeded to install specialised scales on the vessels. The Programme together with its parent organisation, the N ational Oceanic and

NASf is the world’s largest seafood business conference and a leading meeting place for top industry executives. NASf will cover cutting edge innovation, research, policy, business, trade and capital markets issues. main focus 2011: Innovation and Business Development for more information, go to www.nor-seafood.com

in cooperation with:

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ news international ] Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), settled on Marel to provide the equipment. Completed in November 2010, the contract called for the delivery of no less than 125 custom-designed Marel 1100 motion compensated marine scales capable of weighing loads of up to 60 kg, while operating to high levels of accuracy in the challenging, notoriously unpredictable conditions of the US Pacific coast. “As they’re intended for use in the on-deck weighing of groundfish catch samples, the scales had to be portable enough to carry easily between vessels, highly stable in severe conditions, and also capable of withstanding some rough handling. Combining these features represented a major challenge which Marel was able to successfully overcome, by combining existing designs with some customised innovations,” said Seattle-based Marel area sales manager, Haukur Jóhannesson.

Marel has delivered 125 custom-designed Marel 1100 motion compensated marine scales to the US government’s West Coast Groundfish Observer Programme.

Belgium: Icelandic mackerel banned from EU ports As a result of a dispute on fishing quotas between the EU, Norway, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands, the EU Commission has said that Icelandic boats will not be permitted to land mackerel at EU ports, reports Euractiv.com. Iceland unilaterally increased its quota of mackerel last year to 130,000 tonnes following research that suggested mackerel stocks had moved into Icelandic waters, probably as a result of temperature changes in the north A tlantic. The Faroe Islands tripled their quota to 85,000 tonnes. The decision provoked a conflict with the UK, Ireland and Norway and threatens Iceland’s bid to join the EU.

8 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Mackerel is the Scottish industry’s most valuable stock, which in 2009 had a first sale value of GBP135m, about one third of the value of landings by the Scottish fleet. Iceland has dismissed the EU ban on mackerel landings saying the fish is landed in Iceland in any case, but a spokesman said, they were open to further negotiations.

resolution on international mackerel quotas. Mr Gatt said he hoped these initial sanctions will send a strong message to Iceland – and the Faroes – that the unilateral setting of massively increased quotas threatens the sustainability of a vital north-east Atlantic stock and will not be tolerated by responsible fishing nations.

Ian Gatt, chief executive of the Scottish Pelagic Fishermen’s Association, said this marked a first important step into what will hopefully lead to even stronger sanctions in response to Iceland’s failure to reach a satisfactory

“In addition, talks by Iceland to join the EU should be suspended as it is unthinkable that such negotiations should continue until a resolution to the dispute is reached that satisfies the member states concerned,” he added.

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[ news international ] Norway: Professional analysis of the seafood industry at North Atlantic Seafood Forum The North Atlantic Seafood F orum with its focus on the fishery in the North Atlantic is the biggest seafood business conference in the world today. The event attracts top professionals from the seafood sector as well as ministers, CEOs, and fisheries administrators, to discuss the latest policies, market trends, and scientific developments in the business and to forecast their impact on the sector. Last year over 450 delegates from 22 countries atended the event. This year the event will be held 1-3 March in Oslo and will feature a retail seminar, where speakers from the supermarket chains Scapmarée, Ahold, Globus, Sainsbury’s and ASDA will speak about the latest consumer trends and developments in the retailing

sector. This session is of particular importance to suppliers as they will hear from the horse’s mouth what supermarkets are looking for to offer their customers. The retail seminar is being held for the second time following its succesful debut two years ago. Another novelty at this year’s event is the focus on scientific developments at a session organised by Marelife on 1 March, which will feature genomics, aquaculture and new marine products. On 2 March the day will start a session on sustainable business development and innovation and move on to the salmon market before concluding with the retail seminar. The last day of the event is devoted to parallel sessions on whitefish, pelagics and corporate finance.

UK: Fisheries Commissioner declares zero tolerance for IUU fishing At a meeting in London on Illegal, Unreported and Un regulated (IUU) Fishing Maria Damanaki, European Commissioner for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries said that new regulation introduced one year ago was the cornerstone of a policy of zero tolerance for i llegal fishing. There has been an urgent need to combat illegal fishing as it is destructive at so many levels. Fish stocks are harmed, marine habitats are destroyed, markets for fish are warped, and honest fishermen are penalised. The activity has also thrived reaching a value estimated at EUR10bn or 19% of the value of worldwide catches in part thanks to the EU, which as 10 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Ms Damanki said “has been no saint.” The EU has contributed to the problem by importing an estimated EUR1.1bn worth of illegal fish every year for many years representing about 16% of EU imports of fish. The new legislation said Ms Damanki makes it extremely difficult to market illegal fish by ensuring the traceability of all fish in the EU. Flag states have to control their vessels and penalise them if they break the rules, at the risk of losing their right to trade with the EU. Since the introduction of the legislation over 5,000 inspections have been carried out, 240 infringements detected, and imports rejected in 14 cases.

Denmark: First organic seatrout farm is now approved Lars Birger Nielsen and Olav Joensen have been following organic principles for many years on their farm Bisserup Havbrug, in Bisserup on Zealand, but it was only recently that the company received the final confirmation from the authorities that the farm was approved as an organic producer of seatrout. The farmers can now market their seatrout and seatrout roe with the official Danish logo for organic products. The products are available fresh and smoked and there has been considerable interest in the production from gourmet restaurants around the country and

particularly in the capital, Copenhagen. Lars Birger Nielsen has his own smokehouse in the harbour at Bisserup producing hot and cold smoked fish. The production takes into account a number of factors including fish welfare, environmental impact, consumer safety, and the use of resources during production. In addition the use of genetically modified ingredients and artificial colours is forbidden, and there are rules governing the use of medicine, monitoring of the fish’s environment, and density of the fish, which must not exceed 10 kg per cubic meter.

Belgium: EU can contribute to sustainability by eliminating harmful subsidies Professor Rashid Sumaila, Director of the Fisheries Economics Research Unit at the University of British Columbia, Canada states that the EU can contribute to sustainable fisheries not only within the EU, but in the world. In an article on the website cfp-reformwatch.eu he argues that the EU can do this by eliminating or redirecting subsidies; by participating actively in the Doha process; and by using its influence to pursuade developing countries of the harmful effects of subsidies. Professor Sumaila estimates global subsidies at about USD16bn a year, while in the EU it is about

SD3bn a year, most of which are U bad subsidies that enhance capacity. Subsidies that reduce the cost or increase the profitability of fishing create incentives to fish more, even if the stock is in decline. Already in the 1990s 75% of the global catch was from fully exploited or overfished fisheries while more than 10% was from collapsed fisheries, where current catches are less than 10% of the catch ever taken. Subsidies remove the economic incentives for fishermen to leave the industry and thus keep fishing capacities at levels that exceed the levels needed to sustainably use the resource.

USA: Boston gets ready for the 29th edition of the Boston Seafood Show The annual International Boston Seafood Show (IBSS) and Seafood Processing America (SPA), the USA’s premiere seafood event

will be held 20-22 March 2011 at the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center. Since 1982, the International event has attracted www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ news international ] thousands of seafood professionals from more than 130 countries, making it the largest annual seafood show in the United States. Attendees include buyers from leading restaurants, hotels, resorts, institutions, seafood markets and supermarkets, as well as distributors/wholesalers, processors, importers, exporters, brokers and traders. The show features approximately 870 exhibitors in more than 1,700 booths representing all facets of the seafood industry including fresh, frozen, live, value-added, branded and private label, as well as processing equipment and services ranging from machinery to refrigeration. The programme of conferences at the event will address the themes of food safety, and sustainability, while other presentations are aimed at the food service, retail,

and processing sectors. The show is organised by Diversified Business Communications, the company responsible for the European Seafood Exposition and Seafood Processing Europe in Brussels. “This show is an international platform where the seafood industry comes together to network, identify trends and learn about the latest in seafood technology and products,” said Mary Larkin, Vice President, Seafood Expositions. “Keeping the show fresh and engaging is always our main priority and the key to its success.” At Boston too the best new retail product and the best new food service product will be awarded the Seafood Excellence Award, a badge that guarantees the product promotion at the event and in the press. For additional information regarding the show please visit www.bostonseafood.com.

Germany: Handtmann’s advanced portioning technology on display at European Seafood Exposition Handtmann develops highly economical technology solutions and is an experienced specialist for perfect portioning, separating, depositing, forming and co-extruding. Applications involving the manufacture of modern foodstuffs u sing high- quality ingredients such as fish are of particular interest to Handtmann. The raw material is expensive. The portioning accuracy of Handtmann vacuum fillers is therefore especially important. Fish products, such as, fish sticks, sausages, balls, burgers, paté, co-extruded sausages, fish salads, such as shrimp salad, delicatessen salads and many more are attractively presented generat ing the potential to economically develop new market segments with novel, innovative fish products. At the same time Handtmann offers solutions that are individual yet promise the same degree of costefficiency and profit optimisation.

At Handtmann’s exhibition stand (4-5963), specialists from the industry will be able to view interesting process solutions, such as a VF 620 with 4-lane depositing station for portioning in trays. Another exhibit will be a VF 612 with forming device for the production of fish balls for example. Handtmann solutions have been successfully installed throughout the international fish-processing market. Visitors to the Handtmann stand will be inspired by the numerous dif ferent fish products that have been produced on Handtmann production lines worldwide. When the exhibition closes customers and interested fish processors are invited to visit Handtmann’s new technology centre in Biberach in Germany to bring their innovative product ideas to fruition.

The International Boston Seafood Show show features approximately 870 exhibitors in more than 1,700 booths representing all facets of the seafood industry.

Visitors to the European Seafood Exposition can view a range of Handtmann’s equipment at their stand (4-5936) such as this VF 612, a forming device for the production of, for example, fish balls.

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ news international ] Latvia: Fisheries sector achieves decent results despite crisis The annual conference on Implementation of the European Fisheries Fund measures, and development of the fisheries sector in Latvia was held at the Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment on 26 November 2010. During the opening of the event Mr. Normunds Riekstiņš, Director of the Fisheries Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, emphasized the importance of the fisheries sector in Latvia’s economy, the positive trade balance, as well as the respectable results achieved in 2009 despite the economic crisis, and pointed out signs of growing interest in the further development of the aquaculture sector in Latvia. Ms Aina Afanasjeva, Director of EUROFISH, presented the trends and prospects of the supply of fisheries products worldwide and in the European market, as well as development trends of

12 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

the fisheries sector in Europe. She underlined that aquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector in the world and that it remains the main driver behind increased fisheries production. The importance of research and technological development is key to ensuring the competitiveness and growth of companies in a globalised fish products market, she said. Ms Indulis Aboliņš, Deputy Director of the Rural Support Service emphasised the importance of the financial support from the EFF amounting to about 112 million Lats (158 million euros), which is available for the Latvian fisheries sector for the period 2007-2013. To date, about 55 % of the available funding has already been allocated for project implemen tation and Latvia shows one of the best achievement rates among the EU member countries.

The annual conference on the implementation of European Fisheries Fund measures that was held in Riga in November showed that among EU member states Latvia has one of the best utilisation rates of the available funding.

Industry representatives Mr Inarijs Voits, president of the Latvian Fisheries Association and Mr Didzis Šmits, president of the Union of the Latvian Fish Processors, presented their point of view on the usefulness and value-added of the projects implemented in the fishing and fish processing sectors, including port infrastructure, development for fisheries

through the European Fisheries Fund Operational Programme. The conference concluded with round table discussions by stakeholders and interested parties that focused on fishing, aquaculture, and fish processing, activities of the local fisheries groups, and the role of the local municipalities in facilitating the development of the fisheries sector.

www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ Events ]

Traceability workshop and conference in Copenhagen, 19-20 January

Managing traceability in emerging and existing ecolabels Eurofish is partner in a project called the Scientific Network on Sustainable Fishing – Documentation, Labelling and Traceability. The network is funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers and is managed by Jostein Storøy from SINTEF in Norway. Its main objective is to contribute towards solving the challenges surrounding illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The network held a workshop and conference in January to discuss how traceability is managed in ecolabelling schemes.

n introduction to the workshop and the traceback test was made by Maitri Thakur, Erik Hognes and Jostein Storøy from SINTEF. Small groups of 4-6 persons were given a selection of seafood products with ecolabels. The products were from Norway, Sweden and Denmark - it was only possible to find ecolabels from MSC (Marine Stewardship Council) and KRAV on the Nordic market. www.eurofishmagazine.com

Practical traceback test for ecolabelled seafood products The job now was for each group to contact the producer to try and obtain the information about the product through the entire chain of production to its origin on the fishing vessel. Questions to the producer included what, where, when and who. As this was a simulation traceback test (and not a p roduct

recall, for example) the companies did not prioritise the calls at the highest level, but they all tried to help with the requested information. Only in a few cases was it possible to find the fishing vessel, catch area, or the catch date within the two hours available for the test. Some of the companies returned with the requested information within seven hours. For many participants this test was an eye opener that showed how difficult it can

The conference on environmental labelling organised by the Scientific Network on Sustainable Fishing – Documentation, Labelling and Traceability, in Copenhagen in January attracted 85 participants.

be to make a traceback. It was remarkable that the traceback information often depended on a single person in a company. In two instances the person in charge of a recall was on leave and the traceback was delayed or stopped. A conclusion of the test was that more stringent requirements in the ecolabel standards to use standardised traceability methods could have solved a lot of the problems that were observed in practice.

Lack of standardised traceability requirements for ecolabels The second day of the m eeting was devoted to a conference which drew 85 participants from countries all over Europe. The participants got a very good overview of ecolabel schemes and the present traceability requirements. Essentially, the principle of mass balance is used Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

[ Events ]

Some of the products that were used in the traceback exercise. The test established how readily information on the product was available from the manufacturer.

Jostein Storøy, Research Director, SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, and project leader of the Scientific Network on Sustainable Fishing – Documentation, Labelling and Traceability, which is funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers.

as a control mechanism in all schemes (you cannot sell more than you receive). There is no practice of standardized traceability requirements for ecolabels

fixed traceability requirements. The practical experiences from the first day brought many interesting questions to the presenters. Interventions on the c ertification

schemes today. The ecolabels must cover companies in developing countries as well as highly developed companies. Therefore it is difficult to make strict and

process by DNV (Det Norske Veritas), and emerging standards by Royal Ahold, Holland, as well as a presentation from the Forest Stewardship Council FSC

Please visit us:

SPE Brussels

3. - 5. May 2011 63 Hall 4 Booth 60

14 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ Events ] introduced to the participants other branches with several years of experience in ecolabelling. Finally, an ongoing test in S weden to establish a traceability system within fisheries was presented. All in all the conference gave participants a good overview of the field with its current strengths and weaknesses. One more conference is planned in a year (January 2012) on the same subject. Developments within this exciting project will be recorded on www.tracefood. org (international projects). This year’s conference presentations will also soon be available for download from there. For more information contact Marco Frederiksen, Eurofish, marco.frederiksen@eurofish.dk

Participants in the workshop the day before the conference were organised into groups to do a practical test on product traceability.

Visit us at:

on IBSS Bost 2011

arch 20 - 22 M 75 Booth 14 & els ESE Bruss 2011 3 - 5 May -6155 Booth 4

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Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

[ Events ] European Seafood Exposition, Brussels, 3-5 May

The world’s largest seafood show prepares to open its doors As the European Seafood Exposition (ESE), the world’s biggest seafood show, gets ready to open its gates to the public, the organisers, Diversified Business Communications from Portland, Maine, must be keeping their fingers crossed that this year nothing untoward will happen in the run-up to the fair. Last year the show had to contend with global financial upheaval, feeble consumer sentiment, and a currency crisis. As if that were not enough, volcanic ash from Iceland jammed air traffic across Europe just days before the event, casting further doubts on its success.

espite the dire circumstances the 2010 show was packed – again. With more than 1,600 exhibitors from almost 100 countries at times even walking the aisles was difficult due to the number of people. The ESE is co-located with Seafood Processing Europe (SPE), which represents the machinery used in the industry. Last year two hundred suppliers from 22 countries manufacturing every conceivable kind of equipment for use in the seafood industry exhibited in their own hall. The ESE and the SPE have a solid reputation as the place for the global seafood industry to congregate, to launch new products, to discover innovations, observe trends, and find suppliers and customers. As the global economy recovers, and consumers and companies start spending again, the 2011 edition of

the event should be busy, though there may be changes in the way some countries exhibit. The Econo mist GDP growth forecasts for 2011 place six European countries all with important fishing and processing industries in the lowest 10. These are Spain, Iceland, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Greece in descending order. While these forecasts are for countries as a whole and growth is uneven in different sectors of the economy, it remains to be seen whether these countries’ presence at the ESE, where Spain, Italy, Ireland, and Portugal regularly have country pavilions, will be affected. On the other hand China and India, both with large seafood industries, are among the top 10 in terms of GDP growth in 2011. It is, however, probably safe to predict that the economising

that was already apparent in 2010 will continue this year irrespective of national rankings in GDP growth. The days of the expensive celebration after a day’s business have probably gone for good as companies focus on making rather than spending money. The number of complimentary handouts and invitations to evening events that could be collected in previous years has shrunk, though there is one event that continues to make headlines in the seafood press. The Prix d’Elite this year too will be awarded to the finest seafood products developed by companies over the past year for the retail and foodservice markets in Europe. The finalists’ products are evaluated by a panel of chefs, sea-

food buyers and industry experts drawn from all over the world, and will be prominently displayed at the exhibition. The awards ceremony itself generates a lot of enthusiasm among exhibitors and visitors drawing seafood buyers as well as the press. Winning products can expect increased recognition as they receive additional exposure throughout the year through special advertising and publicity, the use of the Seafood Prix d’Elite logo on the product and in their stands, as well as being featured on the event website. While two grand prizes are awarded for Best New Retail Product and Best New Foodservice Product, Special Awards are given out for Health and Nutrition, Convenience, Retail Packaging, Originality, and Best New Product Line.

The list of exhibitors at the ESE and SPE as on 18 January. Eurofish will extensively review the event showcasing companies and the latest products and innovations in the third edition of the magazine, due out in June. ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

A. Espersen A/S A.O.R. Nv A/S Laeso Fiskeindustri Aalesund Seafood Aalesundfish A.S.

5-429-2 11-2104 P-4709-3 5-213-10 5-413-1

Abalone from Australia - Ausab ABRAMCZYK Company LTD Absolute Foods Ltd. Activ International

16 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

11-2126 6-1148 7-2007 5-113

Acuinova Chile S.A. Acuinova Chile S.A. Agustson A/S Aker Seafoods ASA Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute

5-229 5-229 5-144 5-313-4

Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute Alba Fish ALFOCAN, S.A. ALIF-Associacao da Industria Alimentar Pelo Frio

6-1127

Booth number 6-1126 11-2106 5-150 7-1701

www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ Events ] ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

Alimex Seafoods A/S All-Fish Handelsgesellschaft mbH Alliance Elabores- La Dieppoise Alliance Seafoods Inc. Alpha Bay SA Alpha Group Amand Terroir Amanda Seafoods A/S American Seafoods Group Ammon International Inc. An Phu Seafood Corporation Anduronda Angel Lopez Soto SL /Procsa Angulas Aguinaga S.A. Anova Seafood BV ANVIFISH Aon Grieg APIA Aquaculture Stewardship Council Aqualine Seafoods Ltd Aquology Ltd Arbi Dario Spa Arctica Argenova SA Argentrade International B.V. Arhe Wenchang Foods Industrial Area Co., Ltd Arheh Group - Arhehpez S.A. (In Argentina) Arhehpez S. A. Asian Seafoods Coldsto rage (Suratthani) Co., Ltd Asian Seafoods Coldstorage Public Company Limited Atlanfish Ltd Atlantic Dawn Group Austevoll Seafood ASA Aveno NV Azur Seafood BV Bajamar Septima, S.A. Baltijas Eksposerviss Ltd. Baltlanta Bangladesh Export Promotion Bureau Beaver Street Fisheries, Inc. Beihai Boston Frozen Food Co., Ltd. Beihai Qinguo Frozen Foods Co., Ltd Beijing Leway International Fairs Co. Ltd

5-429-1

6-1160 6-1318 9-4026 11-2406

Bertus-Dekker Seafood BV Best Foodstuff (Dalian) Co., Ltd BIANFISHCO BIM SEAFOOD Binca Seafoods GmbH Blue Bay Sea Products Blue Max Seafoods Co., Ltd. Blue Star Seafood Co., Ltd. BML Food Group Holland BV Boco Seafood A/S Bord Bia, The Irish Food Board Bord Bia, The Irish Food Board Bornholms A/S Boulogne sur Mer Develop- pement Cote d’Opale Brodrene Sperre AS

6-1101-5

Budenheim Altesa SL Bullmeat BV Bureau Veritas BV EGRO WORLDWIDE BV Camara De Comercio De Lima - Al Invest CAMIMEX CamSac A/S Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food CAPPMA-China Aquatic Products Processing & Marketing Association Carolina Classics Catfish Inc Cartagena Shrimp Company Caspian Tradition SA Caviar Import Sas di Zohouri HGH CBI-Centre for the Promotion of Imports from Developing Countries CCI International CCI International CCI International CCPIT-SSA Central Proteina Prima PT Chantaburi Frozen Food Co. Ltd. Chesapeake Bay Packing LLC China Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Foodstuffs, Native Produce and Animal By-products Chrisfish Danmark A/S CIFC Quick State S.L. Cimbric Fiske Konserves A/S Cipal Sa Cite Marine CKI Ltd Clearwater Seafoods Limited Partnership Cloudy Bay Clams CME “Les Pêcheurs d’Etaples” Coast Seafood As Coldwater Prawns of Norway AS Congalsa Connemara Seafoods Ltd Consejo Federal de Inversiones Cornelis Vrolijk BV Corpei Corpei Cosmos Foods Cozy Harbor Seafood CP Foods Limited Croatian Chamber of Economy Crustamar SARL Crustimex Crustimex Seafood GmbH CS France Culimer BV Dalian Changfeng Food Co. Ltd. Dalian Donglin food Co. Ltd

Dalian Free Trade Zone Lianyang Foods Co Ltd Dalian Fugu Foods Co. ltd. Dalian Hualian Food Co. Ltd Dalian Rich Enterprise Group Co. Dalian Shanhai Seafood Co., Ltd. Dalian Tianbao Green Foods Co., Ltd. Dalian Yonming Food Co. Ltd Dalian Youlian Seafood Co., Ltd Dayseaday Fresh - Dayseaday Frozen Delfin Ultracongelados SA Delimed Delta Mossel BV Denmark Denmark Denmark Department of Fisheries Malaysia Direct Ocean DKSH Great Britain Limited Domstein Fish AS Dongshan Xinfu Aquatic Processing Co. Ltd. Dutch Fish Marketing Board/ Nederlands Visbureau Dutch Fish Marketing Board/ Nederlands Visbureau Dutch Fish Marketing Board/ Nederlands Visbureau Dutch Fish Marketing Board/ Nederlands Visbureau East China Seas Holdings Corp Ltd East Coast Seafood Inc Eastern Fisheries, Inc. EL GOLFO S.A. Elafood USA Embassy of Bangladesh Emerald Mussels Ltd. Engelsviken Canning Denmark A/S Erich Geiger Fish & Convenience Errigal Fish Company Ltd. Escal S.A. Estonian Association Of Fishery European Commission, Directorate-General For Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Eurotrade FAO - Globefish FAQUIMEX FAS 2000 Limited Fastnet (Highlands) Limited Fastnet Fish Limited Fastnet Mussels Ltd Fiorital Srl Fischereihafen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH Fish Pool AS Fjord Import Florida Bureau of Seafood and Aquaculture Fonn Egersund As Food & Beverage Online (21 Food)

5-620 5-541 9-4161 5-615 5-345 6-860 P-4709-4 6-1227 6-1201 11-2148 6-1159 6-1142 6-1163 6-1023 9-4059 5-213-3 7-1401 7-2053 9-4089 11-2725 6-1265 5-501 5-229 11-2226 5-149 5-149 5-149 7-1801 7-1801 9-4259 9-4050 5-513-1 11-2104 6-1001 5-229 P-4419 11-2124 7-1553 6-1123 11-2341 7-1407 11-2341

11-2341 9-4059 9-4165 5-124 6-1329 6-1201 9-4329 6-1015-2 P-4418 9-4359 9-4259 5-341-2 5-501 5-413-6

www.eurofishmagazine.com

11-2151 9-4059 5-136 9-4379 9-4089 9-4169 9-4084

7-1453 6-1123 6-1152 6-1057 6-1357

11-2141 5-611 5-501 5-509 11-2341 11-2311 7-1801 6-1123

11-2401 P-4709-1 7-1901 7-1408 5-713 5-241 9-4259 9-4379 7-2007 5-501 5-313-5 5-413-4 6-1215 9-4259 11-2241 9-4153 6-1063 6-959 9-4349 6-1227 5-625 7-1649 5-729 6-1027 5-720 6-935 6-1225 11-2341 6-854

Booth number 6-1031 11-2341 7-1402 11-2341 7-2049 6-864 6-828 11-2341 6-1001 5-621 5-130 6-824 5-144 5-429 5-341 7-1811 5-509 11-2132 5-213-11 11-2631 6-1015 6-1101 6-1001 6-1015 9-4070 6-1227 6-1337 7-1444 6-1329 7-1553 9-4259 5-341-1 5-753 9-4259 5-553 5-329

7-1411 6-1035 6-1305 9-4165 9-4043 9-4043 9-4043 9-4259 5-345

ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

Food Empire Holdings Ltd Food Export USA - Northeast Food Export USA - Northeast Food Export USA - Northeast Food Export USA - Northeast Food Export USA - Northeast Food from Denmark A/S Food Partners Co SA Forever Frozen Seafoods Inc. Fosnavaag Seafood AS FranceAgriMer FranceAgriMer FranceAgriMer FranceAgriMer FranceAgriMer Frederiksvaerk Aaleexport A/S Fresh Catch Limited Fresh Catch Limited Fresh Catch Limited Freshpack Exploitation Friend of the Sea Frinova, S.A. Frio Antartic SA Fripur S.A. Frivipesca Chapela SA FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion

7-1448 6-1327 6-1329 6-1337 6-1341 6-1227 P-4709 5-132 6-1201 P-4400 5-401 5-301 5-201 5-101 5-104 5-126 5-352 5-245 5-145 5-501 P-4412 5-229 11-2121 6-1165 5-229

7-2021

7-1436

7-1428

7-1416

7-1917

7-1817

7-1717

7-1617

7-1517

7-1417

9-4049 5-213-9 5-509 6-1123 5-413-2 11-2341

Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

[ Events ] ESE Exhibitor FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion FROM - Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca Y Alimentacion Frosta AG FRUTAROM Savory Solutions GmbH Fujian Dongshan County Shunfa Aquatic Product Co. Ltd. Fujian Dongshan Haikui Aquatic Products GROUP CO., LTD Fulejia Foodstuffs International Limited Future Seafood (Europe) Gadus nv Galana Nv Gallagher Bros (Fish Merchants) Ltd Gallant Ocean International Inc. Gebr. Kraan Palingrokerij BV Gelazur Gelfish Gilco bvba GL China Service Centre Glenmar Shellfish Ltd Global Aquaculture Alliance GLOBALG.A.P Go-Seafood.com Grants Smokehouse Ltd. Grobest Group Group of Companies “Labirint” Groupe Adrien Grupo Amasua, S.A. Hainan Golden Spring Foods Co., Ltd. Hakvoort Food Halieutis Hallvard Lerøy AS Handy International Heiploeg Group Hong Kong Shin Hwa Sun Int. Holdings Limited Hottlet Frozen Foods Nv HUNG VUONG CORP HUNGCA CO. LTD Iberica de Congelados SA (IBERCONSA) Ice Fresh Seafood

Booth number 7-2029

7-2039

7-1933

7-1833

7-1733

7-1633

7-1533

7-1433 9-4049 9-4049

11-2631

11-2631 11-2341 6-1309 6-957 5-745 9-4259 6-1201 7-1459 6-823 5-509 9-4039 5-241 9-4359 9-4062 9-4024 9-4361 9-4018 7-2011 9-4032 5-613 5-629 11-2341 6-1001 6-1068 5-601 6-1123 6-915 7-1905 6-1059 9-4059 9-4335 6-1158 11-2131

18 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

ESE Exhibitor Iceland Seafood International Icelandic Group Icewind Produktions -und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG Infomer - Produits De La Mer Innovation Norway Innovation Norway Innovation Norway Innovation Norway Innovation Norway/ Marine Dept. International Lobster & Maguro LLC International Seafood Group, Ltd Interocean Seafoods Co. Interpral-Ulysse SAS Interseafish Bv Interseafish Portugal, Lda Intersmoked SL IntraFish Media AS IntraFish Media AS Invertec Seafood Irish Seafood Producers Group Ltd. Irvin & Johnson Limited Isola Fish/Gebr. Kramer BV Istanbul Exporters’ Association Istanbul Exporters’ Association Istanbul Exporters’ Association J. Marr (Commodities) Limited J. Marr (Seafoods) Limited J.M. Food Industry Co., Ltd. J.P. Klausen & Co. A/S J.P. Klausen & Co. A/S Netherlands J.P. Klausen & Co. A/S Poland JC David Jeka Fish Jens Moller Products A/S JFK JFK / Sirena Ltd. Jin Team International Trading Co., Ltd. Jomara Seafood JPKlausen South America Just Champion Enterprise Co Ltd JV Santa - Bremor Ltd. JYY Fisheries Corp Kagerer & Co. GmbH Kangamiut Seafood A/S Karat Caviar Kenmare Select Kennemervis Groep Killybegs Seafoods Ltd Kimpex A/S King Oscar KINJIRUSHI SALES CO., LTD Kocaman Balikcilik Exp & Imp Tra. Co. Ltd Koninklijke Prins & Dingemanse Korea Fishery Trade Asso ciation

Booth number 6-1153 6-943

9-4049 6-1039 5-213 5-513 5-413 5-313 5-313-6 11-2146 P-4527 6-1027 5-541 6-1345 6-1345 7-1549 6-1353 5-413-8 5-251 9-4259 5-451 6-1001 11-2101 11-2110 11-2211 9-4043 9-4043 7-1801 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-501 7-1408 P-4709-2 5-429-5 5-429-5 6-1201 6-1123 5-241 6-1201 P-4635 6-1201 9-4343 5-429-1 7-2005 9-4259 9-4143 9-4259 5-134 5-213-6 P-4406 5-353 6-852 11-2251

ESE Exhibitor Kratzenstein & Co GMBH, Ernst Krustagroup S.A.U Krustanord Kuhne & Heitz Holland BV Kush Shellfish Kuusisen Kala Oy Kyokuyo Co. Ltd. L & B Taspac Land Young Foods Co., Ltd Landauer Limited Landauer Ltd. Scallops Int. Division Larsen Danish Seafood A/S Launis Fiskekonserves A/S Le Lien Ltd Lee Fish Europe AG Legrand & Malo Lenger Seafoods Group b.v. Lenk Frozen Foods (Asia) Co., Ltd. Lenk Seafood Services GmbH Les Entrées de la Mer LG-LUF Surimi Lobster Trap Company Inc Lübbert Friedrich Wilhelm GmbH & Co. KG Lucky Holder Frozen Food Co., Ltd Lund’s Fisheries Inc. Lyons Seafoods Ltd Macduff Shellfish (Scotland) Ltd Mainstream Group Marfrío, S.A. Marine Foods (NZ) Ltd Marine Foods BV Marine Harvest ASA Marine Harvest ASA Marine Stewardship Council Marisco GmBH Marky’s Caviar Marr Continental A/S Maruha Nichero Foods, Inc Maruha Nichiro Seafoods, Inc Maryland Department of Agriculture Marz Seafood A/S Maxport International Co., Ltd. May Ao Foods Co. Ltd MEDUSA - CESARE REGNOLI & FIGLIO SRL Memmi Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Faroe Islands Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries - Republic of Indonesia Minnan Aquatic Development Co. Ltd. Moon Marine Group

Booth number 5-749 5-629 6-859 9-4369 9-4259 9-4066 P-4711 5-620 6-1201 9-4038 9-4038 5-429-3 5-341-3 7-1449 5-115 6-830 5-121 9-4361 9-4361 5-501 5-741 6-1327 9-4049 6-1201 6-1227 5-717 9-4017 P-4501 6-1243 7-1404 5-624 5-545 5-445 6-853 5-429-1 6-1123 9-4043 9-4137 9-4137 6-1123 5-144 11-2341 7-1801 6-1271 11-2150

11-2421

11-2321

11-2221 5-129

11-2145 6-816 6-1359

ESE Exhibitor Moroccan Centre for Export Promotion Moroccan Centre for Export Promotion Moroccan Centre for Export Promotion Morpol S.A./Laschinger Seafood GmbH Multiexport Foods S.A. MULTI-FISH Musholm A/S Naajaq Seafood A/S NACTIS Narong Seafood Co., Ltd National 1 National Prawn Company Nautilus Food SA NAVICO Neerlandia Urk Neptunus BV/ Popp Feinkost GmbH Nergard Sales AS New Brunswick Department of Fisheries New Cheng Coporation New Gabriel Europa Nils Sperre AS Nissui Europe NOAA Fisheries Service Noordzee International B.V. Nor Pesca AS Nordic Frozen Food APS Nordic Group AS Nordic Meeresfrüchte Nordic Seafood A/S Nordic Seafood Delicacies Nordic Seafood France SAS Nordic Seafood Iceland ehf. Nordic Seafood Rus OOO Nordic Seafood SEE d.o.o. Nordic Seafood Supply Nordic Seafood UK ltd Nordland fylkeskommune Nordland fylkeskommune Norfish Ltd Norfra Eksport AS Normarine AS North Delta Seafoods Northcoast Seafoods A/S Northcoast Seafoods DK A/S Northern Wind Inc Northseafood Holland Bv Norvelita UAB Norway Pelagic AS Norway Prawns AS Norway Royal Salmon AS Norwegian Seafood Export Council Norwell AS Novanam Limited Novaperu S.A.C. Nowaco A/S O’Cathain Iasc Teo Océan Délices Ocean Treasure Foods Ltd Oceanz Blue Ltd Omani Centre for Investment Promotion and Export Development, The Orizon SA OSO Otto Maier GmbH

Booth number 11-2511 11-2541 11-2521 5-639 5-634 9-4039 5-737 5-429-4 5-116 7-1801 5-509 9-4243 6-1351 9-4059 6-1001 6-1015-1 5-213-4 9-4089 6-1201 6-851 5-120 5-241 6-1219 6-1001 5-140 5-241 5-213-5 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 5-241 P-4409 P-4509 9-4259 5-413-5 5-140 9-4379 5-429-1 5-429-1 6-1227 6-1001 5-153 5-213-1 5-513-2 5-413-7 5-313-1 5-413-9 5-229 5-229 5-351 9-4359 5-501 11-2125 7-2007

7-1949 P-4601 6-927 9-4049

www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ Events ] ESE Exhibitor Pacific Andes International Holdings Limited Pacific Seafood Group Paljassaare Kalatoostus Ltd Panapesca Spa Parlevliet En Van Der Plas Bv Parlevliet NV Paul Langbein GmbH Peak One International Corp Pesca Nordica Pescafina S.A Pescafina S.A Pescafresca S.A. Pescanova Alimentacion Pescanova France S.A.S. Pescanova Hellas Ltd Pescanova Italia Srl Pescanova Japan KK Pescanova Ladex Pescanova Polska Sp. zo.o. Pescanova Portugal Ltd Pescanova S.A. Pescargen SA Pescaviar S.L. Pespasa/Pesantare Pesquerias Belnova S.A. Phatthana Frozen Foods Co., Ltd Phatthana Seafood Co., Ltd Pittman Seafoods Nv Platvis Holland BV Plunges Kooperatine Prekyba Polar Salmon Polar Seafood Denmark A/S Pomona PassionFroid Pomona Terre Azur Portland Shellfish Presteve Foods Limited Prilam SAS Procesados Pesqueros SL Prochile, Chilean Exports Promotion Bureau Promarisco Promo Solution Ltd Promo Solution Ltd PROMPERU-Peru Export and Tourism Promotion Board PROMPERU-Peru Export and Tourism Promotion Board Providence Bay Fish Company Inc Provit Industrija PS8 Ltd – UK Pavilion Organisers PS8 Ltd – UK Pavilion Organisers PS8 Ltd – UK Pavilion Organisers Qin Ye International Co. Ltd. Qingdao Aqua Fish Co. Ltd Qingdao Center for International Trade and Economic Development Qingdao Hantone International Trading Corporation Qingdao Kangbao Foodstuffs Co., Ltd Qingdao Oasis

Booth number 6-1259 6-1123 6-935 7-1911 9-4253 9-4039 9-4049 6-1201 5-241 6-1143 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 5-229 7-1400 6-1361 5-241 5-229 7-1801 7-1801 5-614 6-1101-2 6-935 5-429-4 5-429-4 6-857 6-857 6-1227 9-4084 5-611 7-2001 9-4029 5-229 6-901 6-801

7-1849

7-1749 6-1343 5-429-1 7-1659 9-4022 9-4018 6-1201 11-2723

11-2341 11-2341 11-2341 11-2128

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ESE Exhibitor Qingdao United Huatong Trade Co. Ltd. Qingdao Yilufa Group Co. Ltd Quick Frozen Foods International Magazine QUOC VIET CO., LTD Rahbekfisk A/S Regal Springs Tilapia Ristic AG Rivamar SRL Roem van Yerseke B.V. Rooney Fish Royal Fish Denmark A/S Royal Greenland A/S Rud. Kanzow (GmbH & Co.) KG S.I.T. - Fanticrab International nv/sa S.P.A International Food Group Co., Ltd Salas Zivis, Ltd. Salica Salm Invest Group SA Salmar SalMus AS Samherji hf San Arawa SAPPORO CHUOSUISAN CO.,LTD Scandinavian Fishing Year Book Schafer Fisheries Inc Scottish Development International Scottish Development International Scottish Development International Scottish Development International Sea Harvest Corporation (Pty) Ltd Sea Products International Ltd Sea Watch International Sea Wealth Frozen Food Co., Ltd Seaborn AS Seacold Seafoods (S) Pte Ltd Seadco SA Seafood Connection bv Seafood Producers Cooperative Seagull-Appetit Nv Sealord Group Ltd SEAMARK PLC Sean Ward (Fish Exports) Ltd. Seatrade International Co., Inc. Sekkingstad As Selected Foods Group Limited Setraco NV ShanDong Oriental Ocean Sci-Tech. Co. Ltd Shanghai Smiling Food Co. Ltd Shellfish de la Mer Ltd Shetland Aquaculture Shetland Aquaculture

Booth number 11-2341 6-1047 6-840 9-4059 5-429-2 9-4353 9-4331 6-866 6-1101-3 9-4365 5-252 P-4627 6-818 5-723 7-1801 P-4527 9-4159 9-4321 5-513-3 5-213-7 11-2131 7-2045 11-2727 6-842 6-1227 9-4129 9-4227 9-4117 9-4217 7-1959 9-4022 6-1123 7-1801 5-413-10 5-718 6-1363 P-4519 6-1053 9-4039 5-241 6-1253 9-4259 6-1341 5-213-8 11-2341 5-529 9-4030 11-2743 9-4259 5-655 5-651

ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

ESE Exhibitor

Booth number

Shetland Catch Ltd SI2A Siam Canadian Foods Co., Ltd Simo Fishprocessing GmbH & Co. KG Sirena A/S Sirena Salmon A/S Sistemas Britor Skaar Norway AS Skagerak Group A/S Skagerak Pelagic A/S Skagerak Salmon A/S Slothouber Seafood BV SMP Food Products Co., Ltd. SOCOP Intertrade GmbH SOF-Odden Caviar ApS Sofrimar Ltd. SOGDA Limited Inc Solea International BVBA Somegel Southern U.S. Trade Association SOUTHVINA Sovintex Sa Sri Lanka Export Development Board Supernova Frozen Foods Srl Surapon Foods Public Co Ltd Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Foundation Taiwan Frozen Seafood Industrial Assn. Taizhou Haihua Aquatic Products Co., Ltd Talleys Group Limited Tan Hou Ocean Development Co., Ltd. Ternäben Service GmbH Thai Frozen Foods Association Thai Royal Frozen Food Co., Ltd Thai Union Frozen Products Public Co Ltd Thailand Department Of Export Promotion Thalassa Seafoods nv The Big Prawn Company The Marine Products Export Development Authority The Marine Products Export Development Authority The Organic Salmon Co (Marine Harvest Ireland) The Union Frozen Products Co. Ltd. Time Seafood (Dalian) Co.,Ltd Tongwei Hainan Aquatic Products Co., Ltd Torry Harris America Inc Sucursal en Espana Trade Council Of Iceland Trade Council Of Iceland TradiMer bvba Trans-Europe Seafood Sales BV Triton Yerseke B.V. Tropical Aquaculture Europe True North Salmon Company Ltd.

5-645 6-1027

Ucluelet Harbour Seafoods Uhrenholt A/S Ultracongelados Antartida Sa Unibond International Ltd UNIMA Europe UniSea Inc UNITED OCEAN CO.,LTD Urk Export BV Urk Fish Capital USDA - Foreign Agriculture Service Valastro Group Valuedshow Management LLC Van der Lee Seafish B.V. VASEP Co Västkustfile AB Verwijs Import & Export Vette & Verhaart B.V. Qualimer Vichiunai Europe N.V. Viciunai Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers Villa Organic Vilsund Muslinge Industri A/S Vinh Hoan Corp. Visscher Seafood Bv VLAM - Flanders’ Agricultural Marketing Board Wanchese Fish Co. Inc. Western Marine Corp. Westward Seafoods Inc Whitecap International Seafood Exporters Winning Foods Ltd WWF Xiamen East Ocean Fishery Imp & Exp Co. Ltd Xiamen Tongan Yuanshui Sea Products Co. ltd. Xihe Food Co., Ltd Xports Yang Sei Seafoods Co., Ltd Yantai TedFoods Co., Ltd Yen Jing International Pty Ltd Yian Ling Corporation Yokohama Reito Co., Ltd Zeus Packing Inc. Zhanjiang Guolian Aquatic Products Co., Ltd Zhanjiang Regal Integrated Marine Resources Co., Ltd Zhejiang Haierbao Aquatic Products Co Ltd Zhejiang Times International Exhibition & Service Co.,Ltd Zhejiang Times International Exhibition & Service Co.,Ltd Zwan, W. Van Der & Zn B.V.

9-4169 5-533

6-808 6-812 5-429-5 5-429-5 6-935 5-413-3 5-341-4 5-341-4 5-341-4 6-863 7-1801 P-4730 5-755 9-4259 7-1859 5-729 6-1043 6-1123 9-4059 6-1053 5-703 6-935 7-1801 P-4402 6-1201 11-2341 11-2140 6-1201 6-865 7-1801 7-1801 7-1953 7-1801 6-1138 7-1659 7-1501 7-1601 9-4259 7-1801 11-2341 11-2120 7-1406 6-834 6-839 9-4038 9-4137 6-1311 6-858 9-4089

5-229 9-4339 6-815 5-241 11-2721 6-1001 6-1001 6-1323 6-1317 11-2631 6-1101-1 9-4046 11-2741 5-735 6-843 6-935 6-935

9-4074

9-4059

9-4165 5-313-2 5-355 9-4040 6-1101-4 9-4039 6-1123 6-1201 9-4137 5-429-5 P-4408 7-1559 11-2144 11-2341 11-2341 6-935 9-4058 5-112 6-1201 6-1201 9-4161 6-1329 11-2301 9-4034 7-1410

11-2441

11-2641 9-4149

Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

[ Events ] SPE Exhibitor

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SPE Exhibitor

Adepta Adepta Adriatic Sea Aquarium & Equipment Srl Afos Ltd Alco-Food-Machines GmbH & Co. KG All Food Machines bvba Aqualife Logistic Automated Packaging Systems Europe AUTOTHERM Ludwig Brümmendorf GmbH & Co KG Baader, Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud. Baader GmbH + Co KG Germany Badinotti Group Beck Pack Systems A/S Beijing Leway International Fairs Co. Ltd Beijing Leway International Fairs Co. Ltd BioNovations Inc. Blue Water A/S Boleto ApS Cabinplant A/S Camara de Comercio de Vigo Carnitech A/S CMA CGM Cocci Luciano Coppens International BV Coscon UK Ltd Cozzini Group Cretel NV CSB-System AG Dalian Bingshan Group Co. Damco International A/S DANFISH International Danish Export Group Association Danish Export Group Association Danish Export Group Association Deighton Manufacturing UK Limited DELANCHY TRANSPORTS DFDS Logistics Limited Drader Manufacturing Dybvad Stalindustri A/S Edge Manufacturing Egersund Net ESPERA BELGIUM BVBA Fessmann GmbH und Co KG FMC FoodTech c/o Frigoscandia Equipment Fomaco Food Machinery Company A/S foodcareplus by Antrex Shipping nv Foster Packaging Limited GEA GENEGLACE SAS GeoEye Glud & Marstrand A/S Grupo San Cayetano Handtmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG

4-5801 4-6123

Heinen Freezing GmbH & Co. KG Htech cz Hvide Sande Skibssmedie A/S ILPRA SPA Industrade Intco Recycling Inter Fresh Concepts Iras A/S Ishida Europe Ltd Kaj Olesen A/S Kaufler Kelapack S. A. KGH Belgium NV Kometos Oy Kramer Machines BV Kroma A/S Laitram Machinery Machinefabriek W. Bakker Maersk Line Maja-Maschinenfabrik Hermann Schill Gmbh & Co. kg Marel Marel Matimex GmbH Maurer-Atmos GmbH Mauting McAirlaid’s Vliesstoffe GmbH & Co. KG Modern Pack Hoppe GmbH Multipond Benelux Bv Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH & Co KG Nantong Freezing Equipment Factory NC HYPERBARIC Neogen Europe Ltd Newrox AG Nienstedt GmbH Nilkamal Crates and Bins Pvt. Ltd. NOCK Maschinenbau GmbH NTF - Aalborg ApS Papiers a Paviot Paul Craemer GmbH PERUZA SIA Pescatech Peter Stette AS Plano Pack bvba Promens Dalvik ehf. Promens Kristiansand Reepack Srl Reftech A/S Reich Klima-Raeuchertechnik Rex-Pol Krzysztof Parkosz RO Groep RUNI A/S Sacco S.r.l. Sairem Scanbelt A/S Schroeder Maschinenbau KG Sealpac International BV

4-6243 4-6313 4-6219 4-6206 4-6215 4-5847 4-6206

4-5943 4-5822 4-6015 4-5800 4-5834 4-5816 4-6015 4-6015 4-5915 4-5927 4-5911 4-5906 4-6325 4-5948 4-6251 4-6043 4-6143 4-6151 4-6036 4-5820 4-6015 4-6011 4-5915 4-6015 4-5934 4-6255 4-5939 4-6317 4-6015 4-6347 4-5842 4-5806 4-5863 4-5824 4-6039 4-5844 4-6333 4-6150 4-5828 4-6011 4-5957 4-5963

Booth number

SPE Exhibitor Seatrade Reefer Chartering NV Semi-Staal A/S Sequid GmbH Sirane Ltd Smart Farm AS Smurfit Kappa Group Solidpack B.V. Sound Ocean Metal Fabricators Stalam SpA Steen FPM International nv Strapack N.V./S.A. Strapex Sprl. Tecnopool SPA Thyboron Trawldoors A/S Tipper Tie Alpina AG Trade Council Of Iceland Trade Council Of Iceland Trade Council Of Iceland Tradimar Tramper Technology BV Trio Food Processing Machinery AS Tri-pack Plastics Ltd ULMA Packaging Van der Graaf BV VC999 Verpackungssysteme AG

4-6323 4-6035 4-6011 4-5811 4-6155 4-5836 4-5840 4-6015 4-5951 4-6358 4-5838 4-6205 4-5808 4-6335 4-5935 4-6067 4-6261 4-6320 4-6215

4-5839 4-6223 4-6227 4-6206 4-6057 4-5832

Booth number 4-6063 4-6015 4-6047 4-6341 4-6315 4-5857 4-6111 4-6358 4-6049 4-6201 4-5848 4-6345 4-5827 4-6015 4-5923 4-6027 4-6138 4-6127 4-5843 4-5850

SPE Exhibitor VEMAG Maschinenbau GmbH Videcart SA Volta Belting Technology Ltd worldfishingtoday.com Yanagiya Machinery Co., Ltd. Yantai Moon Co. Ltd. Zhoushan Xinzhou Fishmeal Equipment Factory ZIEGRA Eismaschinen GmbH

Booth number 4-5815 4-6031 4-5969 4-6015 4-6205 4-6161 4-5805 4-6265

4-5901 4-6130 4-5851 4-5819 4-5923

4-5812 4-6355 4-6165 4-6051 4-6142 4-6006 4-5830 4-5810 4-6115 4-6146 4-6351 4-6011 4-6301 4-6101 4-6257 4-6015 4-6006 4-5905 4-6001 4-6001 4-6305 4-6011 4-6311 4-6306 4-5969 4-6015 4-5920 4-5814 4-5915 4-5823 4-6209

Please visit us: SPE-Brussels, 03.-05. May 2011, Hall 4, Stand 6201

20 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

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25.01.2010 11:47:30 Uhr

Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, Norwegian Minister for Fisheries and Coastal Affairs on Frøya, an island on the west coast, where she visited a salmon producer last year.

Norway: Interview with Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, Minister for Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Science and sustainability govern fisheries management Norway experienced another record year in 2010 in terms of seafood exports. Although the recession has impacted many important markets, it has apparently not dented the popularity of Norwegian seafood. Increases in quotas for whitefish and lower salmon production in Chile are no doubt two of the reasons behind the demand for Norwegian products, but astute marketing, a reputation for quality, well-managed stocks, and a targeted research and development effort also play a role. In this interview with Eurofish, Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, the Norwegian Minister for Fisheries and Coastal Affairs, discusses some of the characteristics of the seafood industry in her country. EUROFISH: Norwegian fish and seafood products are generally known for their high quality. What role does the government play to ensure and further improve the quality of Norwegian seafood? LBH: Our government has high ambitions for the further devel opment of the Norwegian sea food sector, which is of prime importance to our economy and way of life. Accordingly, the www.eurofishmagazine.com

production of safe seafood of high quality is a key objective for this government. Norway’s food safety legislation is fully harmonized with that of the EU through the European Economic Area Agreement. Our legislation incorporates stringent require ments concerning both seafood safety and quality, which are en forced by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority. We are also encouraging the development

and implementation of specific standards by the industry aimed at improving seafood quality, such as the “skrei” standard de veloped in cooperation between the industry and the Norwegian Seafood Export Council. This type of cooperation will produce standards in the future that will further enhance the quality of our seafood products. On the in ternational scene, we are actively encouraging and participating in

the development of international standards of seafood safety and quality that are essential in facili tating international trade in sea food products. EUROFISH: What are the govern ment’s priorities in the fields of research, development and inno vation in the fisheries sector? LBH: Norway’s growth and deve lopment as a seafood nation

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Norwegian Seafood Export Council / Per Eide Studio

NORWAY

Norwegian exports of whole farmed cod increased by 28% or NOK57m to NOK264m in 2010. The market in Sweden, the main destination for this product, grew by 30%. Farmed cod fillet exports, however, decreased by 55% to NOK31m.

would not have been possible without extensive research. In order to practice responsible re source management of fisher ies and aquaculture, extensive knowledge and monitoring of the marine environment and its eco systems are required. This knowl edge production is primarily the responsibility of the Institute of Marine Research, which is largely funded by the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs. The govern ment financed maritime research and innovation covers both basic and business oriented research and commercialization initiatives, and includes research into marine resources, ecosystems, climate change, biotechnology, seafood innovation and market-adjusted production, seafood safety, qual ity, and effects on human health and aquaculture. The Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs also finances research linked to ports and maritime transport infrastructure. Enhanced interna tional cooperation is a priority of the Norwegian government. 22 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

EUROFISH: How has the Nor wegian fisheries sector been affected by the financial and economic crises and what steps has the government taken to mitigate their impact on the industry? LBH: Exports of Norwegian sea food have increased every year since 2003, and the seafood industry has been less affected by the financial and economic crisis than other industries. Even though several of Norway’s most important seafood markets have experienced an economic downturn, seafood consump tion has not been adversely affected. The price of cod, how ever, saw a substantial reduc tion in 2009, but apart from that the international seafood markets have remained surpris ingly stable. During the financial crisis in 2009, the Norwegian government took a number of measures to ensure credit lines for the seafood industry as well as other industries.

EUROFISH: How does the government intend to steer de velopment in the marine farming industry so that it is more envi ronmentally sustainable? In par ticular, how can the government contribute to the solution of two issues faced by the farmed salmon industry – sea-lice and escapes? LBH: In April 2009, the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs launched its “Strategy for an Envi ronmentally Sustainable Norwe gian Aquaculture Industry”. The strategy sets out the g overnment’s environmental sustainabilitygo als, along with a number of meas ures for achieving them. The most important challenges are related to sea-lice and escapes. Impor tant measures related to sea-lice include stricter rules for sealice control in ongrowing farms and compulsory coordination of delousing campaigns. Other measures include stricter rules for the technical design of floating constructions to avoid escapes from ongrowing farms, as well

as the development of technical requirements for the design and construction of land-based farms so as to avoid escapes from smolt farms and hatcher ies. It was also decided to post pone a 5% increase in production capacity planned for 2010 due to problems associated with sea-lice, except in the counties of Troms and Finnmark where the sea-lice situation is under control. EUROFISH: Norwegian manage ment of its fish stocks is widely recognised. Several are now also certified by the Marine Steward ship Council (e.g., North Sea cod, haddock, mackerel, saithe and herring). What are the hallmarks of Norwegian management policy for its stocks? How do management plans introduced by the European Commission (such as for North Sea cod, hake and plaice) affect the Norwegian fishing sector? LBH: Norwegian marine resource management is based on the principle of long-term sustain able harvesting using the best scientific advice available and taking into account the principles of precautionary approach and sustainable use. The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea – ICES – is the key institution for providing scientific advice and quota recommendations. We place great emphasis on mo nitoring, control and surveillance of fishing activities in Norwegian waters and landings in Norwegian ports. This includes quayside in spections, sales inspections, postlanding audits, inspectors at sea, satellite surveillance and quota controls. Measures such as quo tas and licensing have been intro duced in order to prevent the overfishing and depletion of resources. Therefore we have implemented very strict regulations and today all stocks of commercial value are well www.eurofishmagazine.com

NORWAY

regulated. The Norwegian Coast guard is responsible for exercising and enforcing resource control at sea. This is a huge task, considering that the ocean areas subject to Nor wegian fisheries’ jurisdiction and surveillance are six times the size of the Norwegian mainland. A cor nerstone of Norwegian manage ment practice is the discard ban, introduced in 1987. The discard ban is only part of a larger, comprehen sive package of policies by which Norway seeks to minimize the discard problem. To promote an exploitation pattern where recruits and undersized fish are spared and where unwanted by-catches can be minimized, Norway has implemented a com prehensive range of measures in cluding technical regulations.

The effect of management plans Since implementing what we call the Precautionary Approach with in the ICES advisory framework in 1997/1998, Norway and the parties with which we share common fish resources have developed longterm management plans for the various fish stocks. I believe the ex istence of the long-term manage ment plans have been important

in achieving the rather favourable current conditions of several of our stocks. In regard to Arctic cod and haddock, the joint Norwegian– Russian Fisheries Commission has adopted rules for setting the ann ual total allowable catch for these species. Let me underline that Norwegian Arctic cod is one of the few cod stocks which remains in good condition, as are the stocks of haddock and saithe in the Barents Sea. The cod stock is the largest observed since the 1940s. It is important to emphasise that Norway and the EU have a joint obligation to manage shared stocks in the North Sea. This means that management plans must be developed and agreed upon by both parties. We have joint management plans for cod, haddock, herring and saithe in the North Sea. These plans are a vital tool for us as managers as they provide both sustainability and stability. We will continue to cooperate on developing a jointly agreed management plan for plaice. The plan for North Sea cod was not introduced by the EU; it is a joint plan agreed upon and im plemented by both parties. The plan comes up for evaluation during 2011 and this will be done based on advice from ICES.

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EUROFISH: Russia, China, Brazil and India are large and rapidly growing markets. Norwegian fish and seafood products are already being exported to Russia and China. How can the government help to increase the popularity of Norwegian seafood in these mar kets, and what efforts is it making in this regard? LBH: Norwegian seafood already has a strong market position in Brazil and Russia, and exports to China are growing rapidly. The role of the government is to ensure competitive market access for Nor wegian seafood. We are therefore in the process of negotiating free trade agreements with India, China and Russia. The Norwegian Seafood Export Council (NSEC), which is owned by the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs but financed by the seafood industry, is playing a vi tal role in the marketing of Norwe gian seafood in all these markets. EUROFISH: How does Norway see the impact of climate change on fish stocks and what steps is it taking to adapt to new situations brought about by climate change? LBH: It is important to gain more knowledge of how fish stocks and marine ecosystems may

be affected by rises in tempera ture and changes in the level of acidification. This is why the ministry invests considerable amounts of money in research and monitoring. Efforts are b eing made to improve knowledge of ecosys tem components and the interac tions between them, and climate change is one of the p arameters taken into consideration. The Norwegian management system remains dynamic th rough what we call the “regu lation wheel”, an annual cycle which serves to continuously develop fisheries management. Fisheries regulations for one year ahead are implemented on the basis of new scientific advice and knowledge regarding fish stocks and ecosystems, together with experience gained from the current year’s regulations and fishery operations. The industry itself contributes scientifically by reporting catch data. Hence, Norwegian fisheries manage ment is based on trilateral co operation involving managers, scientists and stakeholders. One long-term objective is to adopt an integrated ecosystem-based approach to management, in cluding climate parameters to the extent possible.

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

NORWAY

The Norwegian government has established a nationwide health project under the name “Fiskesprell” aimed at increasing consumption of fish and seafood among children and young people through activities in kindergartens, primary schools and lower secondary schools.

EUROFISH: Pelagic fish is an im portant Norwegian export. Gener ally, product development in this sector is slow. Is the g overnment taking steps to encourage the de velopment of more value-added products? LBH: The government is encour aging the seafood industry in general to focus more on market and product development. This is important not only for individual companies, but also for Norway as a seafood nation. More valueadded products will strengthen the market position of the com panies and also create more jobs in Norway’s coastal communi ties. Innovation Norway, a stateowned company which promotes nationwide industrial develop ment, is taking several initiatives to encourage the development of more value-added products. EUROFISH: Sustainability and en vironmental compatibility are stat ed objectives of the government in relation to the fisheries sector. In this context is the production 24 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

of organic farmed fish seen as an activity to be encouraged by the government? LBH: Organic farmed fish is an interesting niche product which is in demand in high-end seg ments of various markets. My ministry has encouraged organic aquaculture by allocating five licences for organic farming of salmon in 2009. EUROFISH: According to the 2010 booklet Facts about Fisheries and Aquaculture, last year Norwe gians ate about 23 kg per capita of fish and seafood. What efforts are being made to increase this figure and to get segments that typically eat less fish (such as young peo ple) to consume more? LBH: Norway has traditionally al ways been a fish and seafood eating nation. However, today consumption of fish and seafood in Norway is much lower than it was in the 1960s, although it has increased somewhat over the last 10 years. The goal of the

Norwegian government is to in crease consumption of seafood in Norway, especially amongst children and young people. It is also important for the Nor wegian government to reduce social inequalities in health. For this reason, the govern ment established a nationwide health project under the name “Fiskesprell” aimed at increas ing consumption of fish and sea food among children and young people through activities in kin dergartens, primary schools and lower secondary schools. It is very important to acquire good eating habits at an early age. The project was started in 2007 by the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs and the Ministry of Health and Care Services in cooperation with the Norwegian Seafood Ex port Council. EUROFISH: Fish and oil are two of Norway’s major exports and both have claims on the sea. How do the two sectors co-exist and what are the major challenges in this respect?

LBH: Fishery resources are to be kept as a renewable and everlast ing resource also for the coming generations. Even though the petroleum sector is of significant importance to the Norwegian economy, there has always been a clear understanding of the impor tance of marine living resources and the marine environment. This is clearly reflected in several white papers presented to the Norwe gian Parliament, in particular at the beginning of Norway’s pe troleum era. For instance, con siderable importance is given to spawning areas and spawning pe riods for vital fish stocks, so that petroleum activities do not nega tively impact them at vulnerable periods. In Norwegian waters, pipelines and underwater instal lations must be constructed in a way that allows fishing vessels to trawl over them. This is contrary to the rest of the North Sea, where fishing vessels are held economi cally responsible for any damage their activities cause to pipelines. While we believe that we have achieved a well-functioning co existence between these two im portant sectors, some challenges remain. There is always the poten tial risk of accidents involving oil spills, but by taking precautions we have so far avoided oil spills with major consequences. There has only been one real blowout: the Bravo blowout in the North Sea in 1977 where 30,000 tonnes of oil was spilled. Fortunately, that incident had very little impact on marine life. One potential area of conflict concerns seismic activi ties. Fishing often takes place in areas where oil companies want to collect seismic data. Although the regulations governing seismic activities have been tightened, there are still occasional episodic conflicts when seismic activi ties are conducted in particularly valuable fishing areas. www.eurofishmagazine.com

Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

Lisbeth Berg-Hansen, the Minister for Fisheries and Coastal Affairs, visited China in October last year, where she received the 10 millionth Norwegian salmon to be exported to China.

Norway: Demand for seafood in China and Hong Kong explodes

Seafood exports reach a new high in 2010

2010 was another record year for Norwegian seafood exports. Both in terms of tonnage and in terms of value exports of seafood increased relative to 2009. The value of seafood exported increased by 20% reaching NOK53.8bn (EUR7bn), a new record – and for the seventh year running. The increase in volumes was 3.56% to 2.7m tonnes.

xports of seafood from Norway amounted to 5.8% of the coutry’s total exports in 2009. Other major export cat egories included gas (26.8% of the total), mineral oil and its products (37.4%), and metals (4.5% exclud ing iron and steel). High prices for salmon and increased quotas for whitefish are the main drivers for the increase in the value of Norwe gian seafood. Exports of salmon and trout reached a value of NOK33.1bn (an increase of 29% compared with 2009) and amount to over 60% of the total value of seafood exports. www.eurofishmagazine.com

At the same time production of salmon also reached a new high as Norwegian farmers swooped to fill in the gaps caused by the fall in Chil ean production. Whitefish exports also increased from NOK9.45bn to NOK10.9bn, but this was primarily due to an increase in the volume of exports as prices remained stable.

Improvements in Chinese infrastructure facilitate imports of seafood The EU as a whole is the biggest importer of salmon from Norway.

Within the EU, France, Poland, and Denmark are the main desti nations. Exports to France are pri marily intended for the domestic market while those to Poland and Denmark go to the processing industry for value-addition and onward export to other countries within the EU. After the EU it is Russia that takes the largest share of Norwegian exports of salmon, in fact Russia is the single largest importer of salmon after France and Poland absorbing 95,635 tonnes in 2010, an increase of 33% over 2009. However, it is China

and Hong Kong combined that was the fastest growing marked worldwide for Norwegian sea food. According to Åshild Nakken, Director of the Norwegian Sea food Export Council’s (NSEC) of fice in Beijing, Norwegian salmon is benefitting globally from high demand and less international competition, the latter due to problems in the Chilean indus try. In China, rapidly rising living standards, a burgeoning mid dle class, and more spending money in people’s pockets is par tly responsible for encouraging

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

NORWAY

says demand for salmon is pig gybacking on the popularity of Japanese sushi restaurants. Con sumers familiar with salmon from Japanese cuisine also want to consume it at home, she ex plains. Although priced higher than other fish, the difference is less marked because of the cur rent strength of the C hinese cur rency, the yuan. At Wellcome, salmon is available in 70% of the stores and in-store promotions focus on its content of omega-3s and the ease with which it can be prepared. For the moment Nor wegian salmon dominates the market, however, Ms Lai sees a threat to looming from Austral ia, as that country is pushing its salmon from Tasmania.

NSEC in China runs extensive training programmes on preparing salmon The Norwegian Seafood Export Council created the world’s biggest sushi mosaic in Beijing in October, securing an entry in the Guinness Book of World Records. The mosaic contained 8,374 pieces of sushi and measured 20.13 square m.

c onsumers to splash out on salm on. Botholf Stolt-Nielsen a Nor wegian exporter of salmon adds that economic growth in China has resulted in huge investments in infrastructure which make it easier to export delicate products like fresh salmon. In addition, the fish’s reputation as rich in benefi cial omega-3s resonates particu larly in China, says Ms Nakken, where people are perhaps more aware than in other countries of the impact of what one eats on the body. China and Hong Kong have also seen an increase in the number of Japanese sushi chains and seafood restaurants and even Chinese restaurants are serving sushi and sashimi. When we first started exporting fresh salmon 15 years ago it was mainly to top end hotels and restaurants says Mr Stolt-Nielsen. The number of res taurants including international 26 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

restaurant chains has grown by a factor of four since 2003. And the story is similar for the super markets, retailers and hotels. The popularity of Norwegian salmon is reflected in the export figures, which increased by 30% in vol ume (to 12,400 tonnes) and by 54% in value to mainland China. Exports of salmon to Hong Kong

went up by 26% in volume (to 17,300 tonnes) and by over 50% in value. The supermarket Well come, one of the two biggest retail chains in Hong Kong and the one with the most outlets bought 200 tonnes of salmon last year. This was 10% more than in 2009, but a 50% increase over 2008. Georgina Lai, Senior Category Manager,

The Japanese kitchen in China and Hong Kong is different from in Japan. With a long tradition of su shi and sashimi the Japanese tend to be more conservative about what species they use, and salmon will usually only be a small part of a sushi box. M ainland China and Hong Kong, on the other hand, have taken to eating sushi and sashimi made from salmon in a big way. A sushi counter at a Hong Kong s upermarket will inevitably

Norwegian salmon exports in round weight (tonnes) 2009

2010

Change

Jan - Dec.

% of total

Jan - Dec.

% of total

EU27

591 671

71%

615 472

67%

2009-2010 4%

Japan

29 317

27 818

-5%

China and Hong Kong

26 023

33 475

29%

Rest of Asia

41 472

55 724

34%

Russia

71 784

95 635

10%

33%

Others

73 438

94 984

10%

29%

Total

833 706

100%

923 107

100%

11%

Source: Statistics Norway, Norwegian Seafood Export Council

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NORWAY

Norwegian salmon exports in value (NOK1,000) 2009

2010

Change

Jan - Dec.

% of total

Jan - Dec.

% of total

2009-2010

EU27

16 611 654

70 %

20 632 526

66 %

24 %

Japan

964 356

1 062 214

10 %

China and Hong Kong

780 109

1 226 923

57 %

Rest of Asia

1 214 830

1 930 555

59 %

Russia

1 813 034

2 992 675

10 %

65 %

Others

2 266 916

10 %

3 475 438

11 %

53 %

Total

23 650 899

100 %

31 320 331

100 %

32 %

Source: Statistics Norway, Norwegian Seafood Export Council

have a wide selection of salmon, which, with its high quality and arresting orange colour, is very suited to sushi both for its taste and visual appeal. Salmon has also begun to be used in Chinese dishes such as stir fries. However we have to instruct chefs not to expose the fish to very high heat for long periods as it can easily overcook and be ruined, says Ms Nakken. The NSEC carries out regular campaigns that extol the virtues of salmon at hypermar kets and conducts demonstra tions with the fish all over China, explaining how it is to be treated, filleted, and cooked. Chefs carry this message not only to the main cities but also to the more remote parts of China visiting hyper markets and supermarkets and training their staff. Salmon’s pop ularity in China and Hong Kong also has to do with the fact that as a farmed fish supplies are stable and fresh salmon is a vailable 365 days of the year.

Niche market in live seafood Freshness is crucial when it comes to seafood and to be able to offer the ultimate in freshness, super markets and restaurants in China and Hong Kong will often have display tanks with live fish and shellfish from which customers can choose what they wish to www.eurofishmagazine.com

p urchase. Live seafood is consid ered the most exclusive product and is a niche which Norwegian exporters have discovered and are now supplying. Products include king crab, king scallops, brown crab, and blue mussels. The king crab trade is based on a wild fish ery, but the animal is taken from the water and placed in holding tanks where it is fed and grown after a period of adaptation. The crabs are given a specially devel oped feed and can be shipped when the meat ratio is optimal. Keeping the crabs in holding tanks removes the uncertainty re garding supplies and enables the exporter to deliver on a regular basis. Reliable supplies makes all the difference, says Svein Ruud, CEO of Norway King Crab, who supplied China with 50 tonnes of the product last year. I have a clear advantage over producers whose abilities to supply are contingent on the weather and the health of their fishermen. In 2010 Norway King Crab could have supplied all 52 weeks of the year were it not for the Icelandic volcanic erup tion which disrupted air traffic for two weeks. The company is also working with scientists to farm the crab full cycle to be completely in dependent of quotas and to fully control the production process. The market for live king crab has also revealed other opportunities for Norwegian seafood such as sea

urchins and Norwegian lobster. Sea urchins are also available in east Asia, but, says Mr Ruud, they have a low season when we have our high season, which is conveni ent. Hand picked Norwegian king scallops are another high value product which have found a mar ket in China and Hong Kong. Chefs at high end restaurants in Europe are used to these product and they travel increasingly to Beijing and Shanghai to ply their trade there. They expect to be able to find these ingredients there as well.

Quality, traceability, sustainability What enables Norwegian seafood to compete with products that are available either locally or

from within the region? Qual ity is probably the first reason. Whether it is salmon or king crab the quality of the seafood is con sistently very high. Packaging and logistics are designed to maintain product quality until the destina tion. Traceability and sustainabil ity also play a role. Norway King Crab has got traceability down to a fine art with a tag on each indi vidual crab that keeps track of the animal from the time it is caught until it reaches the final customer. The average consumer in China may not be particularly inter ested in sustainability, but when you sell to the best hotels and restaurants, many of them part of international chains, then sus tainability is an issue, and buyers want to know that the product is a legitimate one from a well-man aged stock, says Mr Ruud. Live seafood is not confined to the fine restaurants and upmar ket retailers in east Asia, but is in creasingly being seen as a way to stand out from the competitionin countries across the globe. In D ubai and other parts of the M iddle East and even in Norway infrastructure is being put in place to be able to of fer live seafood as this is the cachet of exclusivity. I see it as the begin nings of a trend says Mr Ruud,

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Norwegian Seafood Export Council / Per Eide Studio

NORWAY

Exports of salmon and trout reached a value of EUR4.2bn (NOK33.1bn) an increase of 29% compared with 2009 and amount to over 60% of the total value of seafood exports.

28 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Norwegian salmon industry that results from combining expertise in several disciplines into a unique high quality branded product. This is precisely where Norway has an advantage over many other nations that also have a seafood industry. Not only is the country home to the resource, it has excellent in frastructure, and a well developed research establishment that works closely with industry.

Problems with sea-lice, escapes still exist The Norwegian salmon industry has been very successful at in creasing production and at the same time improving quality over

the years. Håvard Jørgensen, Man aging Director of the N orwegian Seafood Association, says that the changes seen in the salmon farm ing industry are unprecedented. Thirty years ago no one could have foreseen that the industry would develop the way it has to reach a production today of around one million tonnes, a turnover of about NOK30bn, and for salmon to have become the most eco nomically most important farmed creature in Norway. On the way to scaling these heights there have been issues that have not yet been completely solved. The Institute of Marine Research in a report released in January 2011 lists the alteration to the genetic Norway King Crab

although not as big as the trend in sushi. The popularity of raw fish around the world is such that the All Japan Sushi Federation, a trade body reresenting sushi restaurants in Japan, plans to launch a certifi cation campaign for foreign sushi chefs that focuses on hygiene re quirements when preparing s ushi. The Norwegian Seafood Export Council says that on key markets for Norwegian salmon sushi is growing at 30%, thanks to percep tions of health, convenience, and quality. UK retail figures show that sushi is also popular among the young, a group that has tradition ally been reluctant to eat fish. In Denmark a take-away ordering website that studied the food hab its of 2,000 Danes has noticed an explosive increase in the number of sushi meals ordered, particu larly in the Copenhagen area. In Norway too the availability of sushi is expanding, perhaps aided by the availability of a new product, Salma, a boneless, skinless salmon loin that is packaged within four hours and is at the shop counter within 24-48 hours of leaving the water. Salma is perfect for sushi and sashimi and is popular among busy professionals seeking a quick and nutritious meal. It is also a good example of innovation in the

Norway King Crab exports live king crab to China. Each animal carries a tag that enables it to be tracked from the time it is caught to the end customer.

characteristics of wild fish; the spread of disease; pollution; and the use of marine resources as feed, as the main points that call the sustainability of the industry into question. Their report ana lysing the risks of fish farming in Norway concluded that the infec tion of sea trout by lice and the ge netic impact of escaped fish were the most problematic and WWF Norway has called for the autho rities to step in to the most affect ed counties and evaluate whether to reduce the biomass there. The sea louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is the most common parasite on farmed salmon, which it needs to complete its life cycle. They are found in seas across the northern hemisphere and cannot survive in freshwa ter. Infection by sea-lice is often treated with chemicals, however, one of the problems is that the parasite can become resistant to the treatment and even in some cases to more than one type of chemical treatment. Research ers from the Institute of Marine Research, the University of Ber gen, and the Max Planck Insti tute for Molecular Genetics have been working on sequencing the sea-lice genome and early in 2011 should be able to start using the results to develop vaccines and new medicines against sea-lice. Concerns that farmed salmon are riddled with chemicals seem to be overblown. The National In stitute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES) has monitored the content of pharmaceuticals in farmed fish including delous ing agents since 2002. Accord ing to their website, the level of these chemicals in farmed fish has never exceeded international maximum limits. There are also biological methods of treating sea-lice, such as the use of vari eties of wrasse which clean the lice from the salmon. According www.eurofishmagazine.com

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NORWAY

Farmed salmon is also charged with endangering wild popula tions due to the tendency for the fish to escape. In absolute numbers escapes came down dramatically between 2006 when 921,000 fish escaped and 2008 when 111,000 fish slipped out, but climbed to 251,000 in 2010. But the total number of fish produced has increased by 40% since 2001 making the escapes proportionately smaller. Cross breeding between farmed and wild salmon can lead to a loss of biodiversity and genetic chang es in some populations of wild salmon. The target for the indus try is to achieve zero escapes, says Håvard Jørgensen, but that is unlikely to happen as there will always be accidents that result in fish being freed. But the loss of stock hits a farmer directly in the pocket, and therefore he is

Norwegian exports of salmon increased by 30% in volume (to 12,400 tonnes) and by 54% in value to mainland China. Exports of salmon to Hong Kong went up by 26% in volume (to 17,300 tonnes) and by over 50% in value. 30 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

as interested in preventing es capes as defenders of the envi ronment. One way of containing fish escapes might be to move the fish into land-based tanks. Kris tin Helen Roll at the University of Stavanger feels strongly that this technology should be given a chance as it potentially has several advantages. The theory is that with land-based tanks prob lems such as escapes and sea-lice could be mitigated, but also that all the environmental parameters could be far better controlled. This would give better growth which could neutralise the extra costs of growing the fish on land and would give it an economy comparable to conventional cage farming. However this still needs to be tested in a full scale produc tion facility. Already, says Dr Roll, salmon hatcheries are allowing the smolts to grow bigger and big ger before they introduce them in to the sea cages, which might hint that the grow-out stage could

also be on land. Other species including Arctic charr are already being farmed on land.

Technology promises a bright future Håvard Jørgensen is more scepti cal about the idea as he sees the costs involved in growing salmon on land as too big a barrier, but he is supremely confident that the salmon farming industry will continue to grow and develop. I suspect that over the next cou ple of decades the industry will evolve in ways that we can not foresee, he says, just as it has done in the past. More salmon will be produced, perhaps dou ble or triple the current volume. The use of technology will enable even bigger cages that will be anchored out to sea. And the vast resources of marine zooplankton that we have not begun to exploit will be used for the manufacture of fish feed.

Wellcome Supermarket, Hong Kong

does not list wild salmon as threatened.

Wellcome Supermarket, Hong Kong

to lusedata.no, a website that provides statistical data based on the industry’s fortnightly reports on lice infestation, in the last four months of 2010 about 50% of the sites were using wrasse. Records for the last three years show that adult female infestation peaks in September and October and that the levels in 2009 and 2010 were higher than in 2008, though this may also have been influenced by a change in the counting method in August 2009. The Institute of Marine Research report shows a nuanced picture of the impact of sea-lice on wild stocks. Some counties are more affected than others and wild seatrout seems to be more vulnerable than wild salmon. Stocks of wild salmon in certain rivers have disappeared, but this may be for reasons other than sea-lice, as acid rain, habi tat depletion, terrestrial farming, or other human activities could also play a role. The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre

Norwegian salmon is increasingly popular in China and Hong Kong thanks to the spread of sushi and sashimi bars and restaurants. It is also available in retail outlets where it stands out with its bright colour. www.eurofishmagazine.com

RUSSIA

Russia: Interview with Andrey Krainy, Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries

Fisheries sector defies recession The Russian fisheries sector has seen several significant changes over the last two to three years in the way it is administered. Among the most momentous was the introduction of 10-year quotas for fishing companies, which brought in much needed stability by allowing them to plan for the long term. Another was the demand for fish caught in the Russian EEZ to be landed in Russian ports, which has increased tax and customs revenues and the volumes of Russian fish on the domestic market. A network of government outlets selling fish at lower rates than in conventional supermarkets has contributed to an increase in per capita fish consumption in Russia. At the end of 2010 EUROFISH met with Andrey Krainy, the Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries and Aleksander Savelyev, the Head of Public Relations at the Agency and spoke with them about the changes that have taken place in the Russian fisheries sector over the last few years. EUROFISH: Mr Krainy, what has been the influence on the fisheries sector of the new administrative, regulatory and legislative decisions that have been implemented over the past few years? Krainy: In the last years the fishery sector has shown a certain

Go_AZ-030_184x60_4c engl.indd 1

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economic growth despite the global recession and the financial crisis. This happened due to several measures taken in the last three years, but most of all due to the decision on the long-term assignment of quotas made by the government, and the mandatory Russian customs clearance of all

Andrey Krainy, Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries.

25.01.11 15:04

Eurofish Magazine 1/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2011

RUSSIA

in illegal shipments to the K orean market. Similar agreements with Japan and China are currently under preparations.

In Russia average annual per capita consumption of fish went up to 19 kg in 2009 from 13.9 kg in 2008.

fish caught in the Exclusive Economic Zone of Russia. In 2009 the catch of fish and seafood reached 3.7 million tonnes which was 14% higher than the previous year. In the last nine months of the present year the catch has already exceeded 3 million tonnes. We expect that at the end of 2010 Russian fishermen will have caught around 4 million tonnes of fish and seafood. The processing industry manufactured over 3.88 million tonnes of processed fish and seafood in 2009. In the first half of 2010 production was over 1.67 million tonnes (a growth of 4.4% and 11.9% in the respective periods). According to data from the Federal State Statistics Service, during the first half of 2010, the fisheries sector was ranked 4th among economic activities in terms of growth.. The introduction of mandatory customs clearance in Russia of all 32 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

catches from Russia’s EEZ lead to substantial increases in customs and tax revenues. EUROFISH: The federal program for fisheries 2009-2013 envisages a steady increase in catches (3.8 million tonnes in 2010, 4 million tonnes in 2011, and 4.7 million tonnes in 2013). How can this progress be achieved? Krainy: The fishery sector has been growing despite the crisis, and there is every reason to believe that it will be a stable economic trend over the next years. The increase of catch has of course its limits, but we still have good potential for growth as a result of underutilisation of quotas and lack of fishing capacities. Russia can increase its catch up to 4.5-4.6 million tonnes per year; however, the catching fleet urgently needs m odernisation. In addition to the mentioned

catch figures, we can without doubt increase the production of fish and seafood by 1-1.5 million tonnes due to the development of aquaculture and mariculture. I also would like to draw attention to the fact that there no data on catch volumes from sport fishing. Without exaggeration, this could amount to several hundred thousand tonnes of fish. This year we also concluded intergovernmental agreements with Morocco, Peru, Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua to enable our return to zones where Russia has not fished for several years. EUROFISH: What kind of measures have you launched to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated catch? Krainy: An agreement with the Republic of Korea has already resulted in a considerable d ecrease

EUROFISH: Can you estimate how much Russian fish there is on the domestic market? Are there any plans for more effective transport of fish of R ussian origin from the Far East to consumers in central regions of R ussia? Krainy: In accordance with the Food Security Doctrine, approved by the President, 80% of the fish on the domestic market must be of Russian origin. At present, this figure is around 70% and we are looking forward to increase it in the mediumlong term. In 2009 fish imports declined sharply as the result of the crisis and devaluation of the rouble. This year they have begun to increase again. The wholesale trade of fish and seafood products during January-August 2010 increased by 41.6% compared to the same period the year before. At the same time, according to the Federal State Statistics Service, the prices for fish and seafood products grew by only 1.8% in January-September in spite of a general level of inflation of over 6%. The retail sector is now offering a greater variety of fish and seafood products to consumers. The average annual per capita consumption of fish went up to 19 kg in the crisis year 2009 from 13.9 kg in 2008. EUROFISH: To promote the growth of fish consumption, you initiated a chain of specialised stores where fish is sold cheaper than in supermarkets and available to all consumer groups. How do you evaluate the results of this work? Krainy: Advertisements and the Ocean network of fish stores in various Russian regions played a significant role in the growth www.eurofishmagazine.com

RUSSIA

of fish consumption. Prices for fish and seafood products in the stores are 20-30% lower compared to prices in big retail outlets. There are currently 74 Ocean stores and we are planning to increase the number to 400-500 stores by 2013. EUROFISH: How to increase demand for domestic fish in Russia? How can Russian compete with foreign producers? Krainy: We need to give people access to Russian fish. Our main task is to ensure sufficient volumes of high-quality fish and seafood, including highly processed products, to meet the growing demand. In order to achieve this, we need to direct exported fish to the domestic market and

Processing pink salmon at the Gidrostroy fish factory in the Russian Far East.

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RUSSIA

improve fish processing here in the country. Now more than half the volume of Alaska pollock, which is the most caught species in Russia, goes to the Asian market and then returns processed to Russia. We need to eliminate this middleman from the value-addition chain and shorten delivery time for fish from the port to the consumer’s plate by creating modern processing facilities, refrigerators and delivery logistics. We have to break the situation when it is more profitable and simpler for our fishermen to sell frozen fish to China, Japan or Korea instead of delivering it to the domestic market. This situation is improving however. During the first nine months of 2010 deliveries of Alaska pollock though Vladivostok fish port were 15% higher compared to the same period in 2009. This fish is sent to the central part of Russia and to Siberia. EUROFISH: Mr Savelyev, how can you describe the process of consolidation in the sector? Savelyev: In the 1990s the sector stagnated and there was a series of leaders of the administration. At present, the fisheries sector is one of the few sectors in Russia which is still under-capitalised and under-consolidated. The reform process started only 2-3 years ago, therefore we are looking forward to discuss experien ceswith partners from other fishing nations. For example, there are big debates about fish auctions and our specialists studied different practices in European and Central-Asian countries. When Mr Krainy visited Spain, he heard from Spanish colleagues that they had exactly the same situation about fish auctions 30 years ago. Therefore, in order to avoid making the same mistakes, it is i nteresting to know how they 34 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

came to their results. From our side, we can also share our knowhow with partners. For instance, most companies breeding sturgeons would be interested to know how our scientists can distinguish the gender of sturgeon at the roe stage. All sturgeon hatcheries need female fish. The gender is usually known after five years of growth, so it would be useful for hatcheries to know this earlier. And we have other examples too. EUROFISH: Mr Krainy, what are the plans for modernising the fleet and port infrastructure? What is the state of development of the fish processing industry and the production of value added products? Krainy: The level of investments needed to modernise the s ector is over RUB47 billion (EUR1.2 billion), of which RUB14 billion (EUR351 million) are required for construction and m odernisation of fleet and RUB33billion (EUR828 million) are needed for processing and storage construction. The federal program “Increase of utilisation efficiency and development of resource potential of fisheries sector in 20092014” includes 24 investment projects for the construction and upgrade of facilities through companies’ own means and borrowed funds. At the end of October 2010 a refrigerator and warehouse complex was opened with a cap acity of up to 25 thousand tonnes, which will be used by fishermen from Kaliningrad, St. Petersburg, Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. In general, the industry needs to increase the refrigeration capacity to up to 148 thousand tonnes of frozen products. Together with fishermen and ship-builders, the Federal Agency for Fisheries has prepared a draft strategy for the

development of ship-building for fisheries by 2020. There is a pool of Russian engineering companies which can offer highly efficient trawlers to fishermen. In particular, there are largetrawlers for deep-sea catch and medium-size freezer-trawlers. Fishermen from the Russian Far East have confirmed the necessity of five to six large-trawlers and approximately 100 medium-size fishing trawlers. The creation of a state leasing c ompany has been discussed, whi ch could attract inexpensive and long-term credit resources from abroad for shipbuilding in Russian shipyards. EUROFISH: The year 2010 is supposed to be a decisive year for the adoption of the legislation for the development of aquaculture and mariculture in Russia. What are the real prospects for fish farms? What will be the investment opportunities? Krainy: The law on aquaculture has been introduced to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Aquaculture output can be increased by farming salmon and trout in the north-western part of the country, sturgeons in the south and sea cucumber, scallops and oysters in the Russian Far East. We intend to reach 440 thousand tonnes of farmed fish and seafood by 2020. Investments in aquaculture sector are estimated at RUB500-600 million (EUR12 -15 million). EUROFISH: Which areas of cooperation with foreign partners are prioritised by the Russian fisheries sector? What practical advice can you give foreign partners who would like to run a business in Russia? Krainy: We are glad to see foreign investments in many different

projects including the building of port wharfs, fish processing capacities and fish markets. For example, we are making agreements with South-Korean partners about building of a wharf in Nakhodka, fish processing enterprises in Primorye and Sakhalin as well as construction of fish wholesale and retail market in Vladivostok. We are suggesting zero duty on the import of refrigerator equipment, compressors, filleting and navigation equipment to Russia during five years. However, we make it clear that in these five years, the production of this equipment should be organised in Russia. We expect that not only the Russian businessmen, but also foreign investors will hear this signal and no longer treat us as a supplier of raw material, but instead will invest in processing in Russia. EUROFISH: Mr Savelyev, comparing the situation in the Russian fisheries sector several years ago with the one prevailing today, can you put a number on how many of the targets were actually achieved? Savelyev: I can say that 97% of the desired plans and measures were implemented. Almost 40 regulations were adopted during the years 2007-2008. Before Andrey Krainy took over the Federal Agency, there was not a lot of movement. The introduction of 10-year quotas alone was a revolution. How was it previously? Every year there was a lot of confusion and mess, while now companies can plan their business for 10 years. It gives a long-term perspective for business and favourable market conditions. And the good results of the fishery industry were achieved due to these fundamental changes. www.eurofishmagazine.com

RUSSIA

Aquaculture development in Russia

Ambitious plans for cultivation of fish and seafood Over the past several years, the Russian fishery industry has demonstrated a stable increase in the volumes of fish and seafood catches. Over the next four to five years volumes of catches of fish and seafood in the EEZ of the Russian Federation and other traditional Russian fishing grounds are expected to reach their maximum level. Any further growth in fish production in the Russian Federation will only be possible through the development of aquaculture.

orld aquaculture production has been growing steadily and now equals 56% in terms of volume of the total catches. In the Russian Federation, however, the share of aquaculture is only 3.4% (Fig. 1). In the USSR, the annual volume of aquaculture production was over 400 thousand tonnes, while aquaculture production in the Russian Federation reached 198 thousand tonnes a year. In 2002-2009, commercial aquaculture production stabilized at the level of 115-120 thousand tonnes a year. Altough Russia is no longer among the leaders in aquaculture development, yet natural conditions in the country should allow aquaculture production to reach 1.3-1.7 million tonnes in the long run. To reach this level the industry must focus on three main lines of development – artificial reproduction of fish and shellfish, commercial fish farming, and ranching (Fig. 2). The main objective of aquaculture development in Russia is to provide a wide range of fish and seafood products at affordable prices. According to the Strategy of the Fisheries Industry Development to 2020, aquaculture production needs to reach at least 410 thousand tonnes a year in order to achieve the target. However, www.eurofishmagazine.com

Caviar production at a processing facility in Russia.

insufficient regulatory support; a lack of investment, and inadequate logistics and scientific support hamper the development of the industry.

Contradictory regulations need to be reconciled Existing legislation regulating the usage of water for the purpose of aquaculture is somewhat ambiguous. One part of the Water Code

calls for a fee-based contract with the user, while another part allows the fish famer to use the water for free. What is needed is a decision that frees aquaculturists from having to pay for the use of water. The draft federal law “On Aquaculture” has been approved by the relevant ministries and submitted to the Government of the Russian Federation. In particular, the main tasks of the federal law “On Aquaculture” are to formulate clear

rules regarding companies’ access to water bodies suitable for aquaculture; to guarantee aquaculture companies their proprietary rights to cultured fish and shellfish bred in natural conditions in water bodies of common use; and to provide state support to the development of aquaculture are the main provisions of the draft law. When the law has been adopted, the Russian Federal Agency for Fisheries (Rosrybolovstvo) will pass regulations Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

RUSSIA

The share of aquaculture production in the total volume of fish production The share of aquaculture production, % 3,4 %

The share of fishery catches, %

44 % 56 %

In the world

96,6 %

In the Russian Federation

Fig. 1: Natural conditions in Russia should allow aquaculture production to reach 1.3-1.7 million tonnes in the long run.

that enable aquaculture companies to use water bodies for fish farming and breeding and to harvest fish bred in public water bodies. Today it is very difficult for aquaculture companies to receive bank loans. Banks will not accept the fish stock or other company assets as security. The Russian Federal Agency for Fisheries is ready to assess and formulate the mortgage value of aquaculture companies, so that the latter can obtain loans.

Fish seed for aquaculture companies The development of commercial fish farming is constrained by a shortage of fish seed, in particular, fertilised eggs, and fry of sturgeons, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout, and whitefish. The problem is being solved, but only to some extent, by a federal subsidy. The deficit of fish seed prevents companies from increasing their production volumes. Currently, the demand for fish seed is only 3040% satisfied. With the creation of Innovative Technologies Fisheries Centres a network of hatcheries focused on the production of fries of sturgeons, salmons, whitefish, herbivorous, and cyprinid species will be established. The same practice 36 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

has proved a success in Japan where the government was the principal ordering party when fish reproduction centres were being organized during the initial phases of creating the aquaculture system.

Low value freshwater fish can be used for fish feeds The aquaculture industry will face a deficit of domestically-produced feed and will therefore need to import large volumes of feed, the price for which is likely to rise together with increasing energy prices. The planned level of aquaculture production (410 thousand tonnes by 2020) corresponds to the consumption of about 500 thousand tonnes of feed. About 1.0 mln tonnes of fish will be needed to manufacture this amount of feed. By-catches as well as fish processing waste may serve as the source of the raw material. Today part of the wild fish catch is not used and is simply thrown overboard (heads, guts, etc.) In 2010, the Russian Federal Agency for Fisheries financed the manufacture of a pilot fish meal machine. By the end of the year a portable machine will be built which will produce fish meal out of low-value fish from inland fishery and fish processing

wastes from factory ships. Measures to increase fish feed production are listed in the Comprehensive Program for the Development of Fish Culture (Aquaculture).

Potential for warmwater aquaculture Thermal water of both natural origin and power plants run-off can be found in Russia. One of the largest sturgeon farms, which produced over 10 tonnes of sturgeon caviar in 2010, uses warm water from the Cherepovets State Power Plant. In the 1980s, power generating plants were equipped with fish farming facilities to compensate for the damage caused to the surrounding environment. However, the activity of most fish farming units ceased in 2002 when non-core assets were liquidated. If fish farming companies had access to thermal w ater, the production of warm-water aquaculture would grow considerably. By 2020 the volume of sturgeons grown at warm-water farms could reach 20 thousand tonnes, trout and carps – up to 50 thousand tonnes. There is enormous potential to increase the commercial production of sturgeons using natural thermal waters. For example, in Tiumen District, the potential to

use thermal waters for commercial sturgeon production could result in three to five thousand tonnes of different fish products. However, the appeal of the project is considerably lowered by the necessity to pay for the usage of thermal waters. Inspection and inventory of all water bodies suitable for warm-water aquaculture together with adjacent plots of land and fish-farming facilities is one of the measures to develop aquaculture. Aquaculture companies could get access to these sites on a competitive basis. The problem is that these water bodies and lands are restricted zones at power generating plants. The decision on their usage for aquaculture purposes has to be made together with the Ministry of Industry and Energy.

Fish ranching Ranching is when juveniles are raised in a hatchery facility and then moved to water bodies for rearing. When the fish reach commercial weight they are harvested, processed, and sold. Ranching aquaculture does not demand huge investments, land areas, water consumption, and expensive feeds. For example, in the R ussian Far East there are plans to sea ranch Pacific salmons, scallop, sea cucumber, sea urchin, and algae. As feed reserves

Aquaculture in the Russian Federation

Aquaculture

Artificial reproduction of aquatic bioresources

Pond fish farming

Commercial fish farming

Forage fish farming

Ranching aquaculture

Mariculture

Fig. 2: The main new approaches to increase the aquaculture production in Russia. www.eurofishmagazine.com

RUSSIA

Measures to provide transition to innovative developoment

North-West

The Far East

95 thousand tonnes* 2 thousand tonnes**

5 thousand tonnes 80 thousand tonnes

Central Region

28 thousand tonnes 2 thousand tonnes

Siberia

18 thousand tonnes 5 thousand tonnes

The Urals

10 thousand tonnes 1 thousand tonnes

North Caucasus

5 thousand tonnes 1 thousand tonnes

Southern Region

100 thousand tonnes 40 thousand tonnes

Volga Region

15 thousand tonnes 3 thousand tonnes * commercial fish farming production ** ranching aquaculture and artificial reproduction

Fig. 3: Breakdown of aquaculture production by regions if the industry turns to innovation-based development.

40 thousand tonnes a year. First, plots should be allocated for commercial aquaculture. As of today, in 30 constituents of the Russian Federation 1096 fishery plots have been allocated for commercial aquaculture; in 8 constituents of the Russian Federation competitions have been held and contracts signed to use 341 plots. These include Tiumen District (130 contracts), Kurgan District (49), Chelyabinsk District (52), Novosibirsk District (29), and Primorsk Region (64).

Promoting the innovative development of in the northern Pacific are underu- salmon of over 80 thousand tonnes. aquaculture tilized, measures should be taken to further develop sea ranching of salmon and raise production of fries to 1.5 billion a year. This will provide an additional annual catch of

In the southern part of European Russia ranching of herbivorous fishes, common carp, bream, pike perch, and roach could increase their production to at least 30 to

The main goals of the recently established Innovative Technologies Fisheries Centres are the concentration of intellectual and

financial resources, quick implementation and communication of scientific achievements, and acceleration of technological and technical upgrading and development of aquaculture in Russia. These Centres are based on research institutions or universities that will initiate, order, and participate in research and development in the area of i nnovative technologies in aquaculture. The Centres should consider regional specific features and include reproduction facilities, commercial production of aquatic bioresources, processing facilities, design units to develop new technological solutions, as well as a quality control unit and a department dealing with upgrading and innovative development in aquaculture. Katia Tribilustova, katia.tribilustova@eurofish.dk

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Eurofish Magazine 1/ 2011

[ AQUACULTURE ]

Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture Chapter Two: The recirculation system step by step (continued)

Mechanical filtration Mechanical filtration of the outlet water from the fish tanks has proven to be the only practical solution for removal of the organic waste products. Today almost all recirculated fish farms filter the outlet water from the tanks in a so called microscreen fitted with a filter cloth of typically 40 to 100 microns. The drumfilter is by far the most commonly used type of microscreen, and the design ensures the gentle removal of particles. Function of the drumfilter: 1. Water to be filtered enters the drum. 2. The water is filtered through the drum’s filter elements. The difference in water level inside/outside the drum is the driving force for the filtration. 3. Solids are trapped on the filter elements and lifted to the backwash area by the rotation of the drum. 4. Water from rinse nozzles is sprayed from the outside of the filter elements. The rejected organic material is washed out of the filter elements into the sludge tray. 5. The sludge flows together with water by gravity out of the filter escaping the fish farm for external waste water treatment (see chapter 6). Microscreen filtration has the following advantages: • Reduction of the organic load of the biofilter • Making the water clearer as organic particles are removed from the water • Improving conditions for nitrification as the biofilter does not clog • Stabilising effect on the biofiltration processes

Biological treatment Not all the organic matter is removed in the mechanical filter, the finest particles will pass through together with dissolved compounds such as phosphate and nitrogen. Phosphate is an inert substance, with no toxic effect, but nitrogen in the form of free ammonia (NH3) is toxic, and needs to be transformed in the biofilter to harmless nitrate. The breakdown of organic matter and ammonia is a biological process carried out by bacteria in the biofilter. Heterotrophic bacteria oxidise the organic matter by consuming oxygen and producing carbon dioxide, ammonia and sludge. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrite and finally to nitrate. The efficiency of biofiltration depends primarily on: • The water temperature in the system • The pH level in the system To reach an acceptable nitrification rate, water temperatures should in be kept within 10 to 35 °C (optimum around 30 °C) and pH levels between 7 and 8. The water temperature will most often depend on the species reared,

38 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

and is as such not adjusted to reach the most optimal nitrification rate, but to give optimal levels for fish growth. Regulation of pH in relation to biofilter efficiency is however important as lower pH level reduces the efficiency of the biofilter. The pH should therefore be kept above 7 in order to reach a high rate of bacterial nitrifying. On the other hand, increasing pH will result in an increasing amount of free ammonia (NH3), which will enhance the toxic the effect. The aim is therefore to find the balance between these two opposite aims of adjusting the pH. A recommended adjustment point is between pH 7,0 and pH 7,5. Two major factors affect the pH in the water recirculation system: • The production of CO2 from the fish and from the biological activity of the biofilter. • The acid produced from the nitrification process. CO2 is removed by aeration of the water, whereby degassing takes place. This process can be accomplished in several ways as described later in this chapter. The nitrifying process produces acid (H+) and the pH level falls. In order to stabilize the pH, a base

must be added. For this purpose lime or sodium hydroxide or another base needs to be added to the water. Fish excretes a mixture of ammonia and ammonium (Total Ammonia Nitrate (TAN) = ammonium (NH4+) + ammonia (NH3)) where ammonia constitutes the main part of the excretion. The amount of ammonia in the water depends however on the pH level as can be seen in figure 2.8, which shows the equilibrium between ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+). In general, ammonia is toxic to fish at levels above 0.02 mg/L. Figure 2.9 shows the maximum concentration of TAN to be a llowed if a level below 0.02 mg/L of ammonia is to be ensured. Although lower pH levels minimises the risk of exceeding this toxic ammonia limit of 0.02 mg/L, the fish farmer is recommended to reach a level of minimum pH 7 in order to reach a higher biofilter efficiency. As illustrated, the total concentration of TAN to be allowed is thereby significantly reduced. Nitrite (NO2-) is formed at the intermediate step in the nitrification process, and is toxic to fish www.eurofishmagazine.com

Hydrotech

[ AQUACULTURE ]

Figure 2.7 Drumfilter.

at levels above 2 mg/L. If fish in a recirculation system are gasping for air, although the oxygen concentration is fine, a high nitrite concentration may be the cause. At high concentrations, nitrite is transported over the gills into the fish blood, where it obstructs the oxygen uptake. By adding salt to the water, reaching as little as 0.3 o/oo, the uptake of nitrite is inhibited. Nitrate is the end-product of the nitrification process, and although it is considered harmless, high levels (above 100 mg/L) seem to have a negative impact on growth and feed conversion. If the exchange of new water in the system is kept at a minimum, nitrate will accumulate, and unacceptable levels will be reached. One way to avoid the accumulation is to increase the exchange of new water whereby the high concentration is diluted to a lower and trouble free level. On the other hand, the whole idea of recirculation is saving water, and in some instances water saving is a major goal. Under such circumstances, nitrate concentrations can be reduced by de-nitrification. Under normal conditions, a water consumption of more than 300 litres per kg feed used is sufficient to dilute the nitrate concentration. Using less water than 300 litres per kg feed used makes the use of denitrification worth consider ing. The most predominant denitrifying bacteria is called Pseudomonas. This is an anaerobic www.eurofishmagazine.com

New Series Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture The stringent environmental restrictions to minimize pollution from hatcheries and aquaculture plants in northern European countries have sparked the rapid technological development of recirculation systems. However, recirculation also secures a higher and more stable aquaculture production with less diseases and better ways to control the parameters that influence growth. State-of-the-art recirculation methods use far less water than conventional flow-through farms and sophisticated filtering t echnologies are used to treat the water. Recirculation systems thereby offer two immediate advantages: cost effectiveness and reduced environmental impact. However, running these systems calls for a dditional skills and training and the hope is that the Guide to Recirculation Aquaculture will provide readers with some useful insights into the workings of recirculation systems. The book is the result of a collaboration between Eurofish, Thomas Moth-Poulsen, FAO Fisheries Officer for Central and Eastern Europe, and Jacob Bregnballe, Akva Group, who authored the book. The Guide will be serialised over the next issues of the Eurofish Magazine. It is also available as a hard copy from the shop on the EUROFISH webite, www.eurofish.dk for EUR35. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to recirculation aquaculture (EM5 2010) Chapter 2: The recirculation system step by step Components in a recirculation system -Fish tanks (EM6 2010) -Mechanical filtration -Biological treatment -Degassing, aeration, and stripping -Oxygenation -Utraviolet light -Ozone -PH regulation -Heat exchange -Pumps -Monitoring, control and alarms -Emergency system -Intake water Chapter 3: Fish species in recirculation Chapter 4: Project planning and implementation Chapter 5: Running a recirculation system. Chapter 6: Waste water treatment Chapter 7: Disease

(no oxygen) process reducing nitrate to atmospheric nitrogen. In fact, this process removes nitrogen from the water into the atmosphere, whereby the load of nitrogen into the surrounding environment is reduced. The process requires an organic source (carbon), for example wood alcohol (methanol) that can be added to a denitrification chamber. In practical terms 2,5 kg

Chapter 8: Case story examples Salmon smolt production in Chile Turbot farming in China. Model trout farms in Denmark Recirculation and re-stocking Mega farms References Appendix - Checklist when implementing a recirculation system.

of methanol is needed for each kg nitrate (NO3-N) denitrified. Most often the denitrification chamber is fitted with biofilter media designed with a residence time of 2-4 hours. The flow must

be controlled to keep outlet oxygen concentration at app. 1 mg/L. If oxygen is completely depleted extensive production of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) will take place, which is extremely toxic to

Result of nitrification: NH4 (ammonia) + 1.5 O2 NO2 (nitrite) + 0.5 O2 NH4 + 2 O2

NO2 (nitrite) + H2O + 2H+ + 2e NO3 (nitrate) + e NO3 + H2O + 2H+

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

40 20°C

50 60

TAN-N [mg/L]

100

NH4,(%)

NH3 ,(%)

[ AQUACULTURE ]

60 50 40 30

100 12

6.5

7.5

Figure 2.8 The equilibrium between ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) at 20 °C. The toxic ammonia is absent at pH below 7, but rises fast as pH is increased.

Figure 2.9 The relation between measured pH and the amount of TAN available for breakdown in the biofilter, based upon a toxic ammonia concentration of 0.02mg/L.

fish and also bad smelling (rotten egg). Resulting production of sludge is quite high, and the unit has to be back-washed, typically once a week.

large surface area. The aim of a well-designed biofilter is to reach as high a surface area as possible per m3 without packing the biofilter so tight that it will get clogged with organic matter under operation. It is therefore important to have a high percentage of free space for the water to pass through and to have a good overall flow through the biofilter together with a sufficient back-wash procedure. Such back-wash procedures must be carried out at sufficient intervals once a week or month depending on the load on the filter. Compressed air is used to create turbulence in the filter whereby organic matter is ripped off. The

Biofilters are typically constructed using plastic media giving a high surface area per m3 of biofilter. The bacteria will grow as a thin film on the media thereby occupying an extremely

biofilter is shunted while the washing procedure takes place, and the dirty water in the filter

is drained off and discharged before the biofilter is connected to the system again. Biofilters used in recirculation systems can be designed as fixed bed filters or moving bed filters. All biofilters used in recirculation today work as submerged units under water. In the fixed bed filter, the plastic media is fixed and not moving. The water runs through the media as a laminar flow to make contact with the bacterial film. In the moving bed filter, the plastic media is moving around in the water inside the biofilter by a current created by pumping in air. Because of the constant movement of the media, moving bed filters can be packed harder

Water Outlet

Air Water inlet

Water Outlet

Water Inlet

Air Figure 2.10 Moving bed media left and fixed bed media on right. 40 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Figure 2.11 Moving bed and fixed bed biofilters.

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than fixed bed filters thus r eaching a higher turnover rate per m3 of biofilter. There is however no significant difference in the turnover rate per m2 of filter as the efficiency of the bacterial film in either of the two types of filter is more or less the same. In the fixed bed filter, however, fine organic particles are also removed as these substances adhere to the bacterial film. The fixed bed filter will therefore act also as a fine m echanical filtration unit r emoving microscopic organic material and leaving the water very clear. The moving bed filter will not have the same effect as the constant turbulence of water will make any adhesion impossible. Both filter systems can be used in the same system, or they can be combined; using the moving bed to save space and the fixed bed to benefit from the adhering effect. There are several solutions for the final design of biofilter systems depending on farm size, species to be cultured, sizes of fish etc.

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ AQUACULTURE ]

Large sturgeon are grown in 25 m round basins.

Aquatir Ltd farms sturgeon on the Dniester

Black caviar for the world market Sturgeon stocks are threatened worldwide by extinction. Various factors have led to a dramatic drop in populations during the last two decades. Since aquaculture can make a considerable contribution towards saving wild sturgeon and satisfying demand for “black caviar”, Aquatir Ltd decided in 2005 to build a modern recirculation system for farming sturgeon.

quatir is based in Tiraspol, Moldova. Billund Aquaculture Service from Denmark, a company which has successfully built circulation systems for very different fish species throughout the world for more than 25 years, was commissioned to provide the technical facilities. The provisional date set for the final construction is 2012 by which time about 30,000 m² of covered space will be available. The system will then include the following modules: hatchery, fingerling unit, two grow-out units, three units for large sturgeon, spawning fish unit, two processing plants.

Broodstock from the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea At present the farming facility contains the following sturgeon species of different ages: sterlet (A. ruthenus), bester ( hybrid of A. ruthenus and Huso huso), beluga (Huso huso), Danube sturgeon (A. gueldenstaedtii). Sterlet and bester are mainly being used to gain experience. In the long term only beluga and Danube sturgeon are to be produced. Already today there are several thousand sturgeon of

42 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

d ifferent ages of these species in the facility. They come from spawning fishes from both the Black Sea and from the Caspian Sea and the two groups are kept strictly separate. Caviar has already been produced from both sterlet and bester. By carefully controlling production processes, using high-quality feed, and ensuring optimal farming conditions it is possible to shorten the time the fish take to reach maturity. Time savings of approximately 25% have been achieved compared to sturgeon living in the

wild. Based on this experience the company managers assume it will be possible to achieve similar time savings in the case of beluga.

A processing plant each for eastern and western markets Aquatir Ltd holds ISO22000 and HACCP certification and is registered at CITES. The company’s product portfolio includes top quality black caviar, a wide variety of sturgeon meat products, eggs and fry for export, and large sturgeon for www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ AQUACULTURE ] Table 1: Growth data during the initial years Fish Species

2007

2008

2009

2010

2007

Average weight in kg after

2008

2009

2010

Max/min length in cm after

12 Months

24 Months

36 Months

48 Months

12 Months

24 Months

36 Months

48 Months

Sterlet Beluga hybrid

1.2

3.5

5.8

7.6

62/52

82/70

100/92

112/104

Sterlet

0.8

1.2

1.8

2.3

54/47

60/54

64/57

72/67

Beluga

1.6

8.4

20.3

32.3

67/60

110/101

140/127

165/142

Russian sturgeon

1.3

4.6

8.4

70/61

93/81

108/99

live sales. It also intends to keep the broodstock as a genetic base, for reintroduction both to the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. The company has two processing plants which operate completely separately from one another. The first plant produces products for Eastern E urope – mainly for the Russian market. The second plant was specially designed to meet the requirements of target groups in Europe, the USA and Japan. The reason for the separation is above all the different legal situations. Caviar for export to Russia, for example, can be obtained without killing the sturgeon. A long established processing technique guarantees the required quality.

New spawning fish facility enables steady production of caviar Based on experience gained by different specialists a completely new kind of spawning fish facility was developed. It enables the production and fresh delivery of very high-quality caviar at any time. This kind of facility would sooner be expected in countries like Russia, Iran or Kazakhstan, i.e. in countries that have been traditionally involved with sturgeon farming and caviar production. It is all the more satisfying that this success story was realised in Moldova thanks to the good cooperation between the p artners. Already in www.eurofishmagazine.com

An impressive example of a four-year-old beluga sturgeon. The fish has to be substantially older before it produces caviar.

the autumn of 2009, 50,000 onesummer fry of Russian sturgeon with an average piece weight of about 100 grams were released in the Dniester River. This made a substantial c ontribution to the improvement of the ecological situation there and particularly to the strengthening of the fish stock in this river. With this first measure Aquatir Ltd. has demonstrated clearly its ecological and economic responsibility for the benefit of the r egion. Further information is available from Svetlana Kasaeva at www. aquatir.md or from Dietmar Firzlaff, who played a decisive

role in the development of the overall concept. His details can

be found at the website www. aquafuture.de.

The spawning fish facility is a prerequisite for optimum caviar quality.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ fraud ] Fraud in the seafood trade

The pitfalls of using letters of credit Letters of Credit are a popular method of payment in the international fish trade. When opening a Letter of Credit the buyer can be sure that he will receive the goods in the agreed time frame and that the documents will be issued according to his instruction. Otherwise the seller will not be paid. When receiving a Letter of Credit the seller is confident of the buyer’s financial ability to pay for the goods.

evertheless the usage of Letters of Credit is not as simple as it may seem. Unscrupulous businessmen have learned how to use this instrument in such a way that their counterparty will either lose the goods and never be paid or will lose the money and receive no product. This article describes the most popular schemes used by dishonest seafood traders and explains how not to become their victims. One of the methods used by dishonest traders to avoid payment for the received product is to issue a Letter of Credit (L/C) with an inbuilt discrepancy. If an unaware exporter accepts such an L/Cs he has every chance of shipping the product and not being paid.

Read the small print carefully Here is an example of one of our recent cases (all companies’ names have been changed). A seafood importer, Shark Bite Ltd, and the seller, Naïve Fish Export Ltd, made an agreement for delivery of several containers of frozen fish. The companies were located in different parts of the world and had no previous business experience with each other. The buyer wanted to pay for the goods only after the delivery and quality check. He committed himself to transfer the money to the seller after the goods have been received. As a payment guarantee he offered a simple L/C, where it was 44 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

stated that if the buyer would not pay in time the seller could demand the payment from the issuing bank and the bank would pay the seller immediately. The seller saw nothing wrong with this and accepted the agreement. The shipment was made and duly received by the buyer. When the due day came, Naïve Fish Export Ltd saw no money in his account. He contacted the importer but received no firm answer of when the product would be paid. In this situation the seller decided to utilise the L/C and submitted to the bank the statement that the buyer did not pay. To his great surprise the issuing bank refused to pay because not all conditions of the L/C were met. “Applicant’s [the buyer’s] confirmation of default” was missing and without it the payment could not be made. See Picture 1. The fraudulent buyer

did his best to win time and neither paid the seller nor issued the confirmation before the L/Cs expiry date. Once the L/C expired the issuing bank was clear of his payment obligations and the only thing the seller could do was to start legal action against Shark Bite Ltd. In this case we can see that the seller made a fatal mistake and accepted a L/C with an in-built discrepancy, namely that one of the documents needed to receive the payment should have been issued by the buyer. The fraudulent importer had no intention to pay for the fish and never issued the confirmation of default. The problem was that Naïve Fish Export Ltd. had little experience in working with bank instruments and lost his money because of it. In our next example we can see how a knowledgeable and

experienced exporter avoided substantial losses when working with an L/C.

Amending a Letter of Credit is not always possible An exporter, Clever Fish Ltd, made a contract for the supply of frozen milt to an overseas buyer, Milt Import and Trade Ltd. The lot consisted of several containers that should be shipped one after another during the fishing season that lasts for a few months. The parties agreed on the quality and the price and the buyer opened an irrevocable L/C for the whole lot. With the contract in their possession, Clever Fish Ltd. made an agreement with the fishermen for the delivery of the raw material. When the season started he began to purchase the milt and freeze it

ACK

WE HEREBY AUTHORIZE BENEFICIARY TO DRAW ON.......................

ACK

FOR ACCOUNT OF UP TO AN AGREGATE AMOUNT OF US DOLLARS ONE

ACK

MILLION ONLY (USD1.000.000.00) AVAILABLE BY DRAFTS AT SIGHT

ACK

INDICATING THIS SLC NO. AND DATE ACCOMPANIED BY BENEFICIARY’S

ACK

SIGNED STATEMENT CERTIFYING THAT THE AMOUNT DRAWN UNDER THIS

ACK

CREDIT IS DUE AND PAYABLE TO THEM BY……………………… AND

ACK

THAT THEY HAVE NOT REQUESTED THE SAID AMOUNT FROM………………..

ACK

AND HAVE NOT RECEIVED PAYMENT. ACCOMPANIED BY APPLICANT’S

ACK

CONFIRMATION ON DEFAULT THROUGH ……..BANK ……. BY TESTED

ACK

TELEX/SWIFT TO THE ADVISING BANK.

Picture 1: In the case of the seafood importer, Shark Bite Ltd, and the seller, Naïve Fish Export Ltd, the terms of the Letter of Credit included the submission to the bank of a document from the buyer (the confirmation on default) before payment could be made. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ fraud ] for the buyer. We must note that Clever Fish Ltd. was not the only one in the country who was freezing the milt and who was supplying it to the same market. He had a number of competitors in his country and from other countries. So from the beginning of the fishing season several companies from three or four countries started to sell to the same market. The volume of the supplied product increased drastically, the market became oversupplied and the price went down. Likewise the quality of the product varied from one producer to another. In this situation Milt Import and Trade Ltd realised that they made a mistake regarding the price and the volume of supply. It became clear that the company would lose a great deal of money on this contract. Trying to find a way out the

buyer decided to amend the L/C in the following way. He demanded additional documents from the seller and one of these documents should have been issued by the buyer himself. See Picture 2. 1. First of all, the buyer required an inspection certificate, Âissued by SGS, and this meant additional cost for the seller. 2. Secondly, the buyer demanded a certain wording in the certificate and there was no guarantee that SGS would put these words into the certificate as the company usually has its own requirements for the documents it issues. 3. The third point was an unclear quality description of the product â&#x20AC;&#x153;1st Grade Qualityâ&#x20AC;?. â&#x20AC;&#x153;First gradeâ&#x20AC;? could be different in different countries and most likely SGS would not be willing

to write â&#x20AC;&#x153;1st Grade Qualityâ&#x20AC;? in the certificate. 4. The fourth and most important point was that Milt Import and Trade Ltd. should receive the inspection report before shipment and based on it either accept or reject the cargo. This meant that Clever Fish Ltd. would be paid only if they received the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Shipping Orderâ&#x20AC;? from the buyer and enclosed it with the set of export documents to be presented to the bank. If this document was missing the seller could not ship and would not be paid. By demanding this, the buyer had an option to reject the cargo and the only loss he would have incurred was the bank charges for the L/C opening. We see that in the changed market situation Milt Import and Trade

Ltd. most likely did not want to take the shipment and would have rejected it or demanded a solid discount. If the amendment would have been accepted by Clever Fish Ltd. there was a great chance that the buyer refused to take the goods that were already produced, packed and labelled according to his instructions. This meant that the seller would have to repack the goods and find another buyer; keeping the goods in stock would also cost him money. The most important thing in this story was that the L/C was Âirrevocable which meant that no amendments could be made without the prior acceptance of both the seller and the buyer. Clever Fish Ltd. knew this, used this point and rejected the amendment. The goods were shipped as previously agreed and the seller paid very special

1MFBTF WJTJU VT EVSJOH &4& JO )BMM 4UBOE /P

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Eurofish Magazine 1/â&#x20AC;&#x2030;2011

[ fraud ]

•

Picture 2: Milt Import and Trade Ltd unsuccessfully tried to change the terms of the Letter of Credit to impose some more conditions on the seller Clever Fish Ltd.

• a ttention to the export documents. All of them were issued strictly in accordance with the L/C terms and in the end the exporter received his money. It is worth adding that the product was of very high quality and the importer was able to sell it without any trouble.

Poor documentation can lead to losses A dishonest importer can use other tricks to avoid full payment for the goods. For example, if the documents presented to the issuing bank contain discrepancies the buyer may ask for a price reduction in exchange for acceptance of the documents. The main idea of working with the Letters of Credit is that if the documents submitted by the beneficiary - the seller - comply with the L/C’s terms and conditions, the beneficiary will be paid by the applicant’s bank. The bank is dealing with the documents but not the goods so it has nothing to do with the quality or quantity of the shipped product. Dishonest exporters use this condition for their own benefit. The following example can be a good illustration of this. An importer orders a shipment of expensive seafood product from an overseas supplier. This is the first time the companies are working together and they have no previous experience with each other. The seller demands an L/C at sight and the buyer accepts it. We must say that a great number of L/Cs do not 46 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

r equire a pre-shipment inspection report and it makes the fraudster’s life much easier. This is also the case in our example: no inspection report is required by the L/C. So the seller receives the L/C, loads the container with fish waste and ships it to the buyer. While the containers are in transit, the exporter issues a complete set of export documents, stating that the cargo is frozen fish and submits it to the issuing bank. As the documents have no discrepancies and all other L/C conditions are met, the seller receives full payment from the bank and vanishes with the money.

quality fish product or cheaper substitute and send it to the buyer. As no pre-shipment inspection is often required and the export documents are issued according to the L/C’s conditions the seller will be paid in full and afterwards the importer will have to start endless negotiations with the supplier demanding compensation.

Another scenario is when the seller is a fake company that after receiving the L/C ships nothing, produces fake documents and sends them to the bank. If the bank does not reveal the forfeited documents (they may look convincingly similar to the legitimate ones) and pays the seller, the buyer will be in serious trouble. More sophisticated companies that plan to stay in this business for a longer time can load the containers with a lower

• Th e L/C should be irrevocable. A revocable L/C can be cancelled by the buyer at any time without the seller’s knowledge. • Try to avoid L/C transactions where documents required for presentation are extremely simplistic. Remember that simple documents can be easily forged. • Overly complicated documents should also be avoided. You should be absolutely sure

As we can see risks exist both for the exporters and the importers. Many problems with the L/Cs can be avoided if seafood companies follow our simple recommendations below.

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that you can have all of the documents issued before accepting the L/C. It is advisable to use independent surveyors to inspect the cargo before loading and to confirm the shipment. Certificates from the surveyors should be required for presentation by the issuing/advising bank. Avoid L/Cs with short presentation time. The shipper should have enough time to issue all the documents, send them to the bank and in case of any discrepancy change the papers within L/C validity. Be careful with L/Cs from minor and unknown banks. Always ask your bank to check the issuing bank. If in doubt, ask for the L/C to be confirmed either by your bank or a prime bank. An alarming signal is when your bank rejects confirming the L/C. If the beneficiary is not a wellknown company and you have never had any business with this firm before extreme care should be taken to discount the bills. It is advisable to check the beneficiary thoroughly before doing any business with them. Be sure that you will be able to ship the cargo before the latest shipment date. If you ship later the L/C becomes void, unless the buyer accepts the discrepancy. L/Cs where any of the documents required for presentation should be issued by the beneficiary or parties under his control should be rejected. Never accept L/Cs with contradictory terms like difference in presentation and last shipment dates, documents required etc.

The abovementioned recommendations are by no means exhaustive. All seafood companies are welcome to contact us for advice or check other publications on our website. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ fraud ]

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[ PELAGICS ] Challenges facing the pelagic fish sector

Emphasis on pelagic fish as food products

Jean Gaumy/Norwegian Seafood Export Council

The pelagic fisheries are among the largest in the Nordic countries. Approximately 1.5m tonnes were landed in 2009. In Norway, Sweden and Iceland pelagic fish accounts for more than 65 % of the total catch. However, the pelagic fish industry is facing several challenges regarding catching, processing, fish quality and profitability. Approximately 40% of the pelagic catch volume from Europe is discarded or is destined for low value feed applications. The main reason for this is quality losses, but the lack of profitability in the production of low-value fish species with today’s technology is also a factor. The pelagic fish value chain is highly internationalised, and both the processors and the consumers demand more information about the raw material and the final product they purchase. In the last 10 years, several RTD projects have been carried out in the Nordic countries in close collaboration with the Nordic pelagic industry. With these projects as a basis, and through discussions with the Nordic industry in network meetings and workshops in autumn 2010, the future challenges for the sector have been identified. Some of these challenges are discussed in this article.

In Norway, Sweden and Iceland pelagic fish accounts for more than 65 % of the total catch. In Europe about 40% of the pelagic catch volume is discarded or is destined for low value feed applications, due to quality losses. 48 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Catching and on board handling The catching and handling operations have significant impacts on the quality of the end-product. Many fish are exhausted, injured or killed as a result of inadequate (a) catching methods (b) transfer from sea-to-vessel methods, or (c) on deck handling routines. In addition, the pumping technology used for loading and unloading of catch can also damage the fish. Often the cause of death is anoxia as the fish are left in air or depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water surrounding the fish. A 2005 study on the effect of different catching methods commonly used in pelagic fisheries (purse seine, coastal purse seine and trawl with traditional and the novel ‘T90’ trawl nets) on the quality of Norwegian spring spawning herr ing (Clupea harengus) and mackerel (Scomber scombrus) showed that catching methods, onboard handling routines and weather conditions had a significant i mpact on fish quality and survival rate.

Two other studies carried out in Denmark in 2003 also showed that onboard handling and storage has a significant influence on sensory properties of both raw material and p rocessed products. Once pelagic fish are taken on-board, another major chal lenge is the lack of efficient cooling and preserving tech niques to prevent the onset of spoilage. This is a particular problem for smaller artisanal vessels, prosecuting southern pelagic fish species. As a consequence of this, vulnerable pelagic species exhibit extraordinarily short shelf life and highly variable quality, which restricts their onshore utilisation to low value products. Equipment vendors and research institutes are continuously working together on better solutions both for handling and chilling of fish on board. In recent years, improvements in loading and unloading technology, design of on-board handling systems, and in chilling systems and capacities have been made, but there is still potential www.eurofishmagazine.com

Jean Gaumy/Norwegian Seafood Export Council

Controlled human and animal studies on the health effects of pelagic fish show that herring intake can improve blood lipid levels, suggesting a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease.

to increase the quality of pelagic fish. For instance, a new gentle loading and unloading system for pelagic fish based on under-pressure was recently launched on the market (www.MMC.no).

Effective processing and process control The pelagic fish processing industry in the Nordic coun tries operates with high volumes and high intensity processing during the production season. Damaged fish or u nwanted species are currently sorted by manual labour, a process which is monotonous and prone to errors mainly due to human fatigue. Thus, a cost-effective automation of the www.eurofishmagazine.com

process is vital to optimise operational efficiencies and standardise quality control. Weight-grading of herring and mackerel is typically performed using mechanical graders. These mechanical graders are not entirely accurate and, due to the pricing of the different weight-grades of herring and mackerel, this inaccuracy results in a loss of potential income. Manual processing and grading have several drawbacks as these operations are strongly influenced by human factors. Mistakes, occasional omissions in processing, and fatigue can result in imperfections that decrease product quality and thereby reduce profits. Previous surveys indicate

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Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Yvonne Holth/ Norwegian Seafood Export Council

[ PELAGICS ]

The processing industry needs to invest in more automated and accurate technology for handling and processing. This in turn will lead to increased effectiveness and continual tightening of product specifications and to greater profitability.

Two studies carried out in Denmark in 2003 showed that onboard handling and storage has a significant influence on sensory properties of pelagic raw material and processed products.

that the pelagic industry has been slow to adapt new automation technologies due to the economic situation, but there is a growing interest in deploying such technology in the near future. There is a need for more automated and accurate technology for handling and processing. This upgrading of technology will lead to an increase in effectiveness, and to continual differentiation and tig htening of product specifications. Technology related to grading, sorting according to well defined quality parameters (e.g. fat content), and packing processes for whole fish and fillets, is needed.

hydrolysates can be used in health and functional foods, or pet foods. The potential economical contribution from rest raw material utilization is an important element to increase the profitability in the pelagic industry.

Many companies are expanding their filleting capacity as the market demands larger volumes of processed herring (fillets and flaps). The processing industry is however struggling with low earnings. A low degree of processing was pointed out as the main challenge in an earlier study carried out by DMRI Consult for the Norwegian industry in 2007. A higher degree of filleting leads to larger amounts of rest raw material. In Norway, 290,000 tonnes of rest raw materials from pelagic fish species was produced in 2009. Currently, the rest raw materials are processed to fishmeal and fish oil 50 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Utilization of blue whiting Most of the blue-whiting catch landed in Iceland or in the Nordic countries is used to process fish meal for animal feed, a Lykkeberg A/S

for the feed market. Bringing some of these rest raw materials such as roe, milt and herring oil to the food market will clearly improve the profitability of the land based industry. In addition several new products, such as protein isolates produced with the acid and alkaline solubilisation technique (also called pH-shift technique) and protein hydrolysates produced with enzymatic techniques, can be made from pelagic rest raw materials. Both isolates and

Many traditionally marinated fish products tend to have a high salt content, which could counter the beneficial effects of the fish. Manufacturers need to find ways to use less salt without compromising the palatability, texture, processing yield and long shelf-life of the product.

relatively low priced product. Improved quality and shelf life would make it possible to utilize it for human consumption and thereby increase its value. For improved quality it is necessary to change the process, from catch to handling onboard, by shortening the time and the size of each haul and increase the cooling onboard. Some experiments have been done on producing protein isolates from blue whiting. This product can be used in surimi based products, and as a raw material in ready meals. The functional and biochemical properties of fish protein hydrolysate from blue whiting have been studied. This study demonstrated that blue whiting proteins can be hydrolysed to make protein powder with functional and bioactive properties, and can be used as a base for development of hydrolysates as a food ingredients, or as a functional food ingredient. Full processing includes common preservation methods like salting, canning, drying, and smoking. Experiments regarding drying and smoking of blue whiting fillets, breaded products from mince, including sausages from minced fillet have shown promising results. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ PELAGICS ] An overview of research activities performed for the Nordic pelagic sector over the last 10 years. Contact persons are mentioned behind the results. Readers are free to contact the researchers for information on specific results. Research Area

Results

Basic research

– Seasonal variations (herring and mackerel). Contact: Senior researcher Henrik Hauch Nielsen (hhani@food.dtu.dk), Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is) and Research Scientist Asbjorn Jonsson (asbjorn@matis.is) – Improved quality of herring for humans (chemical, sensorial and physical quality linked to catching ground, season and effect of frozen storage). Contact: Senior researcher Henrik Hauch Nielsen (hhani@food.dtu.dk), Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@chalmers.se), Research Scientist Asbjorn Jonsson (asbjorn@matis.is) – Catching methods, effect on raw material quality. Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Director R&D Fisheries Hanne Digre (Hanne.Digre@fhf.no) – The role of blood during ripening of herring. Contact: Senior researcher Caroline P. Baron (carba@food.dtu.dk) – Belly bursting, parasites and microbiology. Contact: Research Professor Iciar Martinez (iciarm@iim.csic.es), Researcher Rasa Slizyte (Rasa.Slizyte@sintef.no) – Improved used of herring for humans: antioxidative effects of herring press juice, health effects in humans and animals. Contact: Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@chalmers.se)

Rapid non-destructive measurements

– Fat content measurements of pelagic fish (Microwave based, NIR and low-field NMR, MW-based dielectric spectroscopy). Contact: Senior researcher Henrik Hauch Nielsen, hhani@food.dtu.dk, Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@ chalmers.se), Project Manager Maria Gudjonsdottir (maria.gudjonsdottir@matis.is), Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no) – Quick measurement of rancidity by redness (a*-value) analyses. Contact: Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@chalmers.se) – Enzyme activity in pelagic fish – objective measurement for risk of belly bursting. Contact: Research Professor Iciar Martinez (iciarm@iim.csic.es), Researcher Rasa Slizyte (Rasa.Slizyte@sintef.no)

Development of industrial tools for defining quality

− Web based quality manual (www.fhl.no/book). Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Director R&D Fisheries Hanne Digre (Hanne.Digre@fhf.no) – QIM – herring. Contact: Senior researcher Grethe Hyldig (grhy@food.dtu.dk), Research Scientist Kolbrun Sveinsdottir (kolbrun.sveinsdottir@matis.is) – Product standard for pelagic fish. Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Researcher Leif Grimsmo (leif.grimsmo@sintef.no) – Rapid objective method for estimation of risk of belly bursting. Contact: Research Professor Iciar Martinez (iciarm@iim.csic.es), – Prototype for NIR-based objective fat measurements on board. Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Project Manager Maria Gudjonsdottir (maria.gudjonsdottir@matis.is)

Effective production and automation

– On-line automatic sorting and grading of pelagic fish. Contact: Research manager Stein Ove Østvik (SteinOve.Ostvik@sintef.no), Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is) – Pumping and onboard handling, new concepts and quality effects. Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is) – Market research, traceability and transport logistic. Contact: Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is) – Chilling methods pelagic fish (onboard and processing). Contact: Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is) and Research Scientist Bjorn Margeirsson (bjornm@matis.is)

Process and product development

– Pelagic fish rest raw material utilization. Contact: Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@chalmers.se), Research manager Ivar Storrø (Ivar.storro@sintef.no), Researcher Rasa Slizyte (Rasa.Slizyte@sintef.no), Research manager Stein Ove Østvik (SteinOve.Ostvik@sintef.no) – Frozen pelagics (raw material, marinated and salted, etc.). Contact: Senior researcher Henrik Hauch Nielsen (hhani@food.dtu.dk), Senior researcher Caroline P. Baron (carba@food.dtu.dk), Research Scientist Asbjorn Jonsson (asbjorn@matis.is) – Further processing of mackerel (smoking and canning). Contact: Research Scientist Asbjorn Jonsson (asbjorn@matis.is) – Protein isolation from herring and blue whiting by the pH-shift technique. Contact: Associate Professor Ingrid Undeland (undeland@chalmers.se), Research Scientist Margret Geirsdottir (mg@matis.is) – Drying of blue whiting. Contact: Research Scientist Asbjorn Jonsson (asbjorn@matis.is) – Packaging of herring (fillets and marinated pieces). Contact: Research manager Ida Grong Aursand (Ida.G.Aursand@sintef.no), Researcher Tom Ståle Nordtvedt (Tom.S.Nordtvedt@Sintef.no) – Utilization of protein and oil from pelagic species. Contact: Research manager Ivar Storrø (Ivar.storro@sintef.no), Chief Engineer Sigurjon Arason (sigurjon.arason@matis.is)

www.eurofishmagazine.com

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ PELAGICS ] Industrial pelagic fish processing waste water The fish processing industry in general generates large amounts of waste water. Among the worst in this respect is the marinated herring industry where up to 40 cubic m of salt/acid brine can be produced per day for a single marinated herring producer. On top of this comes regular RSWstorage and rinsing waters. Currently, both brine and water constitute a significant cost for the industry. Beside the cost of the water itself, there are cost associated with BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) reductions and the discard of protein sludges. The processing industry has expressed its interest in any process or potential application that would add value to the waste water, and/or that would enable water to be recycled. Possible strategies to evaluate are, for example, peptide and antioxidant isolation. A recent series of studies of “press juice” from herring muscle, showed that it had a strong antioxidative capacity.

Quality of pelagic fish Development of lipid oxidation (rancidity) is one of the main reasons behind quality loss of pelagic fish especially in frozen herring and processed products. Research in the last 10 years has unravelled that one of the primary causes of lipid oxidation in these types of fish is the combination of highly unsaturated fatty acids (e.g. the long chain n-3 fatty acids), abundance of heme-proteins like hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) as well as low post mortem muscle pH, the latter leading to the activation of Hb and Mb into the highly pro-oxidative met-Hb/met-Mb. Met-Hb and met-Mb are greyish-brown, giving another very negative side effect of their formation – the 52 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

loss of the reddish-pink colour associated with fresh pelagic fish muscle. It has been found that there is a very high correlation between rancidity development and redness loss, and the latter can even be used as a quick tool to measure rancidity in fish. A clear future challenge for the pelagic fish sector is thus to find strategies which early on in the processing chain limit the possibilities for met-Hb and met-Mb formation. Another future challenge is within the production of traditionally barrel salted herring and acid marinated herring fillets. The herring industry primarily uses fresh herring as raw material for these products. However, it is expected that frozen herring and herring fillets will in future account for a larger part of the raw material available on the market. It is therefore important to gain knowledge on how frozen raw material can be used for the production of salted and acid marinated herring and how it will affect the properties and quality of the final products in order to optimize freezing and storage conditions. Another major quality challenge for the pelagic industry is the phenomenon known as “belly bursting”. “Belly bursting” is the post mortem rapid tissue degradation that results in the disruption of the abdominal wall in pelagic fish, usually during the spring heavy feeding season. The degradation may be so severe that a few hours after capture fish may become unsuitable for human consumption. Belly bursting has been attributed to the effect of proteases which may originate from the digestive system of the fish, from ingested zooplankton, the intestinal flora and/or the fish muscle, and it has been coupled to weakening of the collagen. The most effective way

of avoiding belly bursting is not to fish in vulnerable areas at certain times of the year. However, commercially, this may not be possible due to supply demands from markets. In a Norwegian project (“Pelagic quality from sea to dish”, 2003-2008), a rapid and user-friendly method that can objectively measure the degree of belly bursting in pelagic fish was developed. This method is based on a simple method for measuring the activity of the belly bursting enzymes. The answer is delivered within one hour. However, the method still needs to be commercially tested.

Health effects from pelagic fish Very few controlled human and animal studies exist that focus only on health effects from pelagic fish. The ones available deal with herring and show that herring intake can improve blood lipid levels (e.g. elevates the levels of the “good cholesterol” HDL), suggesting a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. In animal models (rats, mice) also a lower degree of atherosclerosis, and an improved hepatic lipid metabolism was found after a herring diet. However, to classify herring or specific herring products as functional foods, more clinical studies are required that focus on cardioprotective effects of different sub-fractions of herring (e.g. lipids, proteins, water-solubles) and/or other health beneficial effects of herring. Many traditional herring products like marinated herring are high in salt, a feature which potentially could counteract the positive health effects of a herring containing diet. Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is the world’s most established food additive, because of its excellent preservative effects, the sensorial

properties and the increased food processability. This combination of factors has resulted in salt being used at higher levels than necessary in most processed foods. In fact, in the E uropean countries, 75-80% of salt we consume is hidden in processed foods. However, recent studies have shown that there is a strong link between high salt intake, high blood pressure, and consequently increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Public health and regulatory authorities therefore recommend a reduction in the daily salt intake by 50%, and consumers are becoming more aware of the health risks of high salt products. As a result, food manufacturers in general are facing the dilemma of how to reduce the salt content of foods without losing their palatability, texture, processing yield and long shelf-life. Producers of traditional herring products are here facing a challenge and at the same time an opportunity, as they have the possibility to market their products based on their content of long chain n-3 fatty acids. Both reduced sodium content and a high content of healthy fatty acids are approved for health claims. Thus, a product containing over 40 or 80 EPA+DHA/100 g can be promoted for its content of these fatty acids, which in turn have documented preventive effects on cardiovascular disease. Authors: Hanne Digre, SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Norway; Henrik Hauch Nielsen, DTU National Food institute, Denmark; Ingrid Undeland, Chalmers, Sweden; Ásbjörn Jónsson, Matis, Icealand; Ivar Storrø and Ida Grong Aursand, SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Norway Please contact Hanne Digre (phone +47 95726482) for references to this text. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ TECHNOLOGY ] Transport of live fish and seafood

Well-tried methods alongside new technologies Fish and seafood are today transported around the globe by road, sea and air. Whilst transporting durable products such as canned or salted foods is relatively easy, fresh and frozen products make considerably more demands on the carrier. It’s live fish that present the really big challenge, however. Their transport is expensive and difficult, but to make up it enables top freshness and quality.

hat makes transporting live fish, shellfish and crustaceans so difficult are the specific needs of aquatic organisms. Only a few species such as oysters, mussels or lobster can survive for a longer period of time in the air and can thus be dispatched “dry”. In contrast, fishes can only be transported in water, which makes the process very expensive and complicated. Expensive, because water is relatively heavy (one cubic metre weighs at least a tonne), and complicated, because complicated technology is required to keep the water quality constantly at the optimal level for the fishes during transport. Although temperature is one of the decisive factors here, it is not the main problem. Carriers face a considerably greater challenge with regard to the fishes’ respiration and excrement. Aquatic organisms require oxygen during transport, of course, and during respiration they release carbon dioxide and ammonia through their gills. Both these gases accumulate in the water and it is necessary to bind or remove them so that they do not become toxic. The fishes thus constantly influence the quality of the water in which www.eurofishmagazine.com

they live via their metabolism. This can pose a risk during transportation because for economical reasons the aim is mostly to carry a maximum number of fish in a minimum amount of water. The success or failure of live transportation mainly depends on the following factors: • Oxygen supply (Freshwater fish usually utilise the available oxygen more efficiently that marine species) • Increase of carbon dioxide in the water • Changes in pH value and temperature • Accumulation of fishes’ excrement in the water • Loss of slime on the skin surface due to high fish density in the transport container (this can lead to an increase in susceptibility to bacterial infections) • Mechanical injuries, increased mortality Every journey constitutes a source of stress for the fishes. For this reason alone it is clear that only perfectly healthy fishes can be considered for live transportation. A sick or dead fish within the

In order to ensure oxygen supply during transport the upper two thirds of the plastic bag are filled with pure oxygen.

transport container could endanger the whole batch. On top of this careful selection, the fishes are frequently “conditioned” prior to transportation, i.e. prepared for transport. This is even sometimes the case with shellfish. Oysters, for example, undergo special training to strengthen the muscle which holds the two parts of the shell closed. The aim here is to rid them of their natural habit of opening and closing their shells to coincide with the rhythm of the tides. To achieve this they are put into shallow water or tanks with

a controllable water level where they are left for a longer period in the open air (French: “au grand air”). In this way the oysters learn to remain closed during t ransport. Where fishes are concerned, feeding is stopped several days prior to transport to empty the fish’s gut before the journey and thus reduce the number of impurities added to the water during transport. Often the temperature is also decreased to reduce the fishes’ activity and decelerate their metabolism. Some fish species go into a cold shock, an

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ TECHNOLOGY ]

There is a whole fleet of well boats in Vietnam for transporting pangasius live from the farms to the processing plants.

extremely energy-saving state, the physiology of which is similar to hibernation. However, this temperature point has to be approached with great care and considerable experience to make sure the temperature does not go below the tolerance limit of the species concerned.

Air transport is the cheapest solution Live transportation is difficult but nevertheless possible. This can already be seen in the aquaculture sector where every day fry are carried over large distances for stocking purposes or salmon are transported live in well boats to the processing plants. And this is often even possible without complicated technical equipment or the 54 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

use of the latest technologies. How otherwise could it be explained that in Asia, in spite of insufficient logistics, nearly every better restaurant offers live fish and seafood and gets regular supplies to fill up its stock? So it is not only technical equipment that makes live transport possible but also the knowledge and experience of the people involved. It is not so much a question of how expensive or complex the know-how is but solely a question of whether the conditions and duration of transport are suitable for the specific species of fish. A good example of this “reductio nist” approach is the transport of live lobsters. The large defensive crustaceans are lone creatures that already perceive stress when they are kept in groups. In spite of

If prepared thoroughly and treated with care oysters can survive “au grand air” for about a week without water.

this they can be transported “dry” under relatively simple conditions in a box if certain conditions are fulfilled. The temperature in the container should be about 4°C (range of 1-7°C) and humidity should be around 70%. Good air circulation is important so that the

lobsters can get sufficient oxygen during transportation. Prior to dispatch the lobsters are not fed for several days so that they can start the journey with an empty gut. It is also important to fix the lobsters’ claws with elastic bands to stop them harming one another. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ TECHNOLOGY ]

Transport in plastic bags is inexpensive, safe and reliable. This solution is often chosen for transporting ornamental fishes and small fry.

one another and are thus unable to do harm to each other. To keep them cool during the journey ice is poured onto the plastic sacks. The crustaceans can survive for several days in this kind of packaging at temperatures of 3 to 8°C and a high humidity level.

Polyethylene transport bags and “breathable“ membranes Aqualife Logistic’s system enables environmentally friendly sea transport of shellfish and crustaceans that used mostly to be carried as air freight.

Prepared in this way lobsters can be transported without water for about 24 hours. The simplest (but also least favourable) way is to place the lobsters loose in layers in a film coated moisture-resistant carton or polystyrene box. A better and less stressful method, however, is to place a few layers of damp newspaper between the lobsters. Some carriers use sea grass or algae but this is rather risky b ecause some of these release gases which could damage the lobsters. It is better for lobsters if the boxes have separate compartments in which they can spend the journey on their own to reduce stress. Live shrimps are occasionally transported in pre-cooled damp wood shavings or woodwool. The www.eurofishmagazine.com

preferred packaging m aterial is Japanese cedar which is said to have anti-bacterial properties and also absorbs the shrimps’ excrement effectively. The live shrimps are layered loosely between the wood shavings but firmly enough to prevent them from freeing themselves and harming themselves or one another. The transport packaging should be damp but not wet. Freshwater crustaceans like Procambarus clarkii are also frequently transported live in plastic sacks with 15 to 20 kg content for processing. Compared to rigid transport containers the flexible sacks have the advantage that the crustaceans lie compactly and immobile on top of

One of the best known seafood products which is carried “dry” by air is oysters. If prepared thoroughly and treated with care these bivalve molluscs can survive “au grand air” for about a week w ithout water. The preparation process includes the cleaning of the shells to remove oxygen-eating growths. Care has to be taken during packaging that the oysters are placed into the container with the cupped shell on the underside. It is also important not to seal the packages tightly so that air can circulate between the oysters. The same applies to other crustacean species that are traded live. When transporting blue mussels from aquaculture farms particular care is necessary because they have relatively thin shells that are very susceptible to mechanical damage.

It is not only shellfish and crustaceans that can be transported without water. This mode of transport is also possible with some fish species – at least over short periods. Eels, for example, can satisfy up to 90% of their oxygen requirements and release carbon dioxide via the skin provided humidity is sufficient. This enables the fishes to get around weirs and other o bstacles during their m igration by covering short distances on land. In the air the eels suffer from an oxygen debt and the lactic acid content in their bodies rises but this debt is repaid later on in the water. If during short transports it is not possible to supply sufficient oxygen in the water it can thus sometimes be better to carry the eels moist but otherwise without water. A no less practical and also inexpensive solution for transporting fish is the plastic bag. This must not be filled to more than one third with water. As soon as the fishes have been put into the water the remaining two thirds are filled up with pure oxygen. The oxygen in the gas bell diffuses gradually into the water (this process is intensified by hefty movements within the water during transport) and supplies the fishes with air to breath over a period of time, sometimes even for two or three days. The time it will

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ TECHNOLOGY ]

In Norway, king crabs are kept live in large tubs after the catch so that they are as fresh as possible when processed.

If eels are kept moist they can be transported over short distances without water.

last depends on the size of the fish, their density within the bag and the external conditions. This transport method is so safe and reliable that ornamental fish are nearly always transported in this way when exported. Postlarvae for stocking shrimp ponds are also normally carried in these kinds of bags. It is really only very large fishes that cannot be transported in this way (with the exception of valuable koi carp which are also transported in plastic sacks) and sensitive species whose gills might “burn” on the surface through contact with pure oxygen when breathing.

expanded strongly so that conventional transport methods are no longer able to sustain supply. The response to these developments has been to devise new transport systems that enable the sensitive creatures to be transported not only on land and sea but also over great distances as air cargo. In spite of certain constructional differences nearly all of these systems have similar components whose purpose it is to ensure the survival of the fishes during transport: • Aeration systems that work with air or pure oxygen • Diffusers for introducing air or oxygen into the water as effectively as possible • Absorbers, which bind the carbon dioxide that arises, thereby making it harmless

There are also “breathable” transport bags made of a special membrane that is absolutely w aterproof but allows gases such as oxygen and carbon d ioxide free p assage. 56 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

The higher the temperature the more gas is allowed to pass through. These breathable bags are more expensive than conventional polyethylene sacks but to make up they can be re-used. Apart from that they reduce transport volume because the whole bag can be filled with water and an oxygen bell is not necessary. One disadvantage of these bags, however, is that they are difficult to insulate because the contact surface to the surrounding air has to be as large as possible in order to guarantee reliable oxygen supply.

New systems increase spectrum of possible transport methods Over the past few years the market for live fresh fish and seafood has

• Th ermostats to keep the water temperature within a given range. An example of this new transport philosophy is the Live Seafood Transport System (LSTS) of the Canadian company BioNovations which was developed for long-distance transport over land. The LSTS is built into a 53 foot standard transport trailer and can carry up to 11 tonnes of fish and seafood irrespective of the species concerned. The programmed temperature is maintained to within one degree and internal filter units guarantee constant water conditions during transport. All system-relevant components are integrated at least in pairs so that if one instrument fails its job can be www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ TECHNOLOGY ] ammonia content) are maintained within an optimal range. This system is thus also suitable for longer-distance sea transport that is considerably less expensive than air freight. Depending on the type of products being transported the costs are r educed by 30 to 80% compared to air freight. Apart from that the CO2-balance is better: whilst 3,600 kg CO2 per tonne are produced during transport as air freight, container transport by sea produces only 120kg CO2/t. Maersk already o ffers this transport service for live lobsters on its scheduled services from Halifax to R otterdam.

A good method for carrying lobsters is to use boxes with separate compartments in which the lobsters can spend the journey on their own with little stress.

h otels and restaurants, and fishermen who then get higher prices for live fresh products.

Using special transport vehicles fishes can be carried over longer distances without problems.

taken over by its partner, thereby ruling out risks to the valuable freight. The diesel-driven electricity g enerator beneath the trailer means that the LSTS is independent of the vehicle’s electricity network. Integrated www.eurofishmagazine.com

c omputers measure all the important water parameters constantly and keep the conditions within the desired range. Monitoring of transport positions per satellite is optional. The LSTS is mainly used by wholesalers,

The Danish company Aqualife Logistic offers similar technology. Their system is suited in particular to shellfish and crustaceans which mostly used to be carried as air freight. It consists of cylinder shaped plastic containers that are equipped with filter units for the water. The containers’ dimensions enable them to be set up in two rows in conventional containers. Lobsters, oysters, blue mussels and other seafood produ cts are placed in wire baskets that are stacked on top of one another in the containers in layers. During transport the control technology ensures that all the essential water p arameters (temperature, oxygen, salt and

The Australian company Live Aqua has developed its own system for transporting fishes live in containers. According to their own statistics more than 250t coral trout (Plectropomus leo pardus), a high-value grouper species have already been transported with minimal losses of less than 0.5%.

Air freighting live seafood is growing in importance Despite these new developments which enable inexpensive live transport in containers over the sea the share of air freight is likely to rise further in the coming years. At present already 5% of global fish and seafood is already transported by air. Live transportation accounts for only a small percentage of this but it is expected to grow further, too. Constant improvements in airline networking (leading to shorter transport times) will contribute towards this development. The IATA guidelines prohibit transports of live fish and seafood products that take more than 48 hours.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ TECHNOLOGY ]

Completely renovated processing machines are interesting to vessel owners for their price and quality.

Seac AB offers completely renovated processing machinery

On-board processing of pelagic fish In the late 80s a number of processing lines made by the Swedish firm VMK and the German Baader were installed on Russian vessels. This was followed by a pause where few Russian vessels were overhauled. Now however, according to Ulf Groenqvist of Seac AB, there seems to be a small boom in the number of Russian and Ukrainian factory vessels that are being refurbished. These boats are being upgraded with either new or completely renovated processing machinery.

s during the 80s when VMK was one of the main players on the market for on-board installations, today too vessel owners are turning to the Swedish machines that are extremely well suited for operating in the rough conditions that prevail on board. Seac AB has over forty years of experience completely renovating Arenco/ 58 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

KM/Norden machines and for the last twenty years has also worked with VMK machines. Five years ago one of the two main service technicians from VMK joined Mr Groenqvist and since then the sale of VMK machines has constantly increased to become one of the company’s main products. Among vessel owners there is considerable interest in

s econd-hand and completely renovated machines because of their price and quality. Today the company can supply additional equipment to VMK machines including, vacuum units (with or without automatic emptying of the offal); single fillet devices; VMK-42 skinning machines for blue-whiting and

horse mackerel; and VMK-26/27 horse mackerel scaling units. Since 2006 Seac has installed over fifteen completely renovated VMK lines onboard Russian vessels fishing off the coast of West Africa and in the North Atlantic. For more information contact Ulf Groenqvist, Seac AB, seac@telia.com www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ TRADE AND MARKETS ]

Reduce, reuse and recycle-green package

Do “green” concepts solve the problem of packaging waste? On average, every consumer in the western world opens about seven product packs a day, be it a bar of chocolate, a can of coke, or an MAP tray with smoked salmon. With that, the packaging has fulfilled its purpose and can be disposed of. This does not only constitute a huge waste of valuable resources and energy but also has a negative influence on the natural CO2 balance. Are “green” packaging concepts a way out of this dilemma?

ver the past three decades the production of packaging materials has risen just about threefold. Most of it is produced for single use after which it is thrown away. Nearly 400 kg of waste are produced in every western European household per year and packaging accounts for a good half of this total: bottles, jars and cans, plastic film and bags, composite materials, foamed and coated trays. Although only about 6% of packaging material is used for fish and meat these foods still contribute towards the constant growth in waste production. In some countries consumers separate their packaging waste carefully to enable renewed usage of resources. With a share of nearly two thirds of waste production glass is the most frequently used packaging material, followed by paper and cardboard (9%), plastics (7%), composite materials (5%), and aluminium (1.4%). Consumers don’t have any real alternative to packaging. With nearly every product and most foods that they buy comes a packaging of more or less elaborate design. Whether it’s a new barbecue skewer or a herring salad, nearly every product that is traded today is offered in some form of packaging. Packaging protects www.eurofishmagazine.com

and maintains product q ualities, informs perspective buyers, identifies the product and represents the producer, thereby largely contributing towards the product’s image. Despite this, the packaging should always only be a necessary accessory and never an end in itself because it is only ecologically acceptable as long as the value of its contents with regard to resources and energy is higher than the value of the pack. This is particularly true of sensitive foods in which the packaging often guarantees the completeness, safety and quality of the product. But not only that, for every packaging is also the result of a logistical decision-making process which aims at ensuring that the product reaches the consumer in the best possible condition. And requirements are very high here because during storage and transport, at the wholesaler’s and retailer’s, and ultimately in the consumer’s household the foods are subject to very different conditions.

to meet all the requirements of storage, transport and trade (self-service!) then one should at least make sure that the packaging materials do not harm natural resources, that they are produced in an environmentally sound way

and that they can be disposed of after use without damaging anything else or, even better, if they can be reused (recycled). The following points define the minimum requirements of such environmentally friendly packaging:

New impetus for environmentally friendly packaging materials Discounters are particularly packaging-intensive in that they hardly offer any non-packed products. But if packaging is necessary

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ TRADE AND MARKETS ] Packaging types are differentiated according to their intended use Transport packaging

A kind of packaging that makes transport easier (mostly a loading unit made up of several individual or multi-unit packages, e.g. stacked on pallets), protects goods from damages, or which is necessary for safety reasons (shrink or stretch film, interlayer and covering film, steel or plastic tape, corrugated fibreboard)

Outer packaging (multi-unit package)

Bundling of several products that can already be individually packed to enable better handling or presentation. Outer packaging often only serves decorative purposes and is not absolutely necessary for reasons of hygiene, durability or for the protection of the products from damage or soiling (e.g. cardboard slipcases for MAP products)

Retail package (single pack)

The retail pack is usually the packaging that is around the product when it is sold and it often enables or supports the transfer of the product to the final consumer (smallest standardised sales unit). Disposal of this packaging in generally the responsibility of the consumer.

Packaging should fulfil at least three basic functions Protection

Protection against mechanical strain (pressure, knocks) and climatic influences (heat, cold, damp), assurance of maximum durability

Rationalization

Efficiency and automation of transport-, transhipment- and storage processes, less expensive production

Information

Marking and labelling (barcode) for producer, carrier, trader and end consumer (e.g. inventory control, traceability, durability and sell-by date)

• Th e packaging material should be safe, i.e. not pose a health risk, and should leave no residues in the food • Reusable (returnable) concepts must wherever possible be given preference over single use (returnable) packaging (e.g. pallet loan service) • Packaging effort should be kept to a minimum in order to save resources. Environmental compatibility is more important than the producer’s marketing benefits. • All used materials must be easily disposable or recyclable. Non-degradable (or slowly degrading) synthetic materials, aluminium or composite materials should as far as possible be avoided. Up to now, however, where retail products are concerned, consumers have hardly been given the opportunity to choose environmentally compatibly packed foods. Packaging materials made of synthetics such as polystyrene or PVC are often considered particularly damaging to the environment because they are not easily 60 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

degradable and because poisonous substances are emitted (e.g. dioxins) during their incineration. Even polyethylene plastic bags are not quite as harmless as people used to think. The bright colours that are printed on the bags often contain heavy metals which

get into the environment when waste is burnt. Modern organic plastics enjoy a considerably better reputation. They are produced from renewable raw materials, such as starch, sugar or cellulose. They have similar usage properties to conventional plastics but

reduce dependence on oil and are also ecologically valuable because they improve the natural CO2 balance. Packaging made of paper, carton or cardboard is felt to be even more advantageous because a high percentage (usually over 90%) of the secondary

Although only about 6% of packaging material is used for fish and meat these foods still contribute towards the constant growth in waste production. www.eurofishmagazine.com

[ TRADE AND MARKETS ] raw m aterial waste paper is used during its production. Experts warn against rash conclusions, however, because the variety of raw materials used, the technical processing conditions and global production chains often do not allow for simple decisions. Eco balances in favour of paper or certain synthetic packaging are always drawn under very concrete conditions and are thus not transferable to similar materials and usage intentions without further considerations. Even the most environmentally friendly packaging material could have a negative ecological balance if it is designed in Europe, produced in Asia and then transported from there to the western world for single use before undergoing expensive waste disposal treatment.

Not everything that’s possible is also feasible Changes are not always easy to implement where packaging is concerned. Packaging is usually made to fit exactly the products and the processing lines. As long as everything is running efficiently the producers do not like interfering with these complex systems because every change demands considerable time, work and financial input due to the fact that when the packaging changes so do – as a rule – the filling quantities and product sizes. Nevertheless, remarkable progress was made in this area, too, during the 1990s. A lot of packaging has become noticeably lighter, with cans, for example, now only weighing about half of what they used to. There are refill packs and concentrates, and thinner and yet still tear-resistant film has replaced elaborate transport and service packs. Thirty years ago the hygienic wrapping paper used for foods at the service counter mostly www.eurofishmagazine.com

consisted of cellulose paper (60 g/ m²) that was coated with a 0.015 mm thick plastic film. Today recycling paper (25 g/m²) with a thickness of 0.007 mm is used instead. This has led to savings of nearly two thirds of packaging material. The modern packaging material requires less storage space, it has become cheaper and even has

better usage properties because thin paper is easier to wrap around the products. And all this has been achieved without moist or fatty foods being less well protected than in the past. Where packaging concepts are concerned, economic aspects often play a disproportionately

AQuA NOr

important role compared to ecological considerations. And this is not always completely wrong, as the example of smoked salmon trays made of aluminium coated composite material shows. The ecological balance of the material is not likely to be very positive but it is ideally suited to the fatty, easily spoilable product. As long

2011

International exhibition 16 - 19 August 2011 • Trondheim • Norway

Meet the future! Follow the latest development of aquaculture research, technology, feed, fish health, education, financing, environmental protection etc. Visitors from more than 50 nations will be present. International conferences and seminars in connection with Aqua Nor will focus on research and challenges of the aquaculture industry. Exhibitor, visitor or conference participant? For more information: www.nor-fishing.no

AQuA NOr – the most important international venue for the aquaculture industry.

AQUANOR FORUM 17th -18th AUgUst 2011 tRONdheiM NORwAy

Organiser: The Nor-Fishing Foundation Klostergata 90, NO-7030 Trondheim, Tel +47 73 56 86 40, Fax +47 73 56 86 41, mailbox@nor-fishing.no

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[ TRADE AND MARKETS ] as no feasible alternative exists it is thus hardly conceivable that a salmon smoker will voluntarily do without it. Particularly since the production of packaging already now generally has a less negative impact on the environment than the production of the product that it contains. Anyone who spends a lot of money producing food and then has to throw it away because it has spoilt and been rendered unusable due to poor packaging is saving in the wrong place.

Life cycle analyses of packaging could optimise usage The German company Fish & More which was founded over 10 years ago set itself the goal to

62 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

trade only ecologically faultless fish. Under the brand followfish, for example, it offers sustainably caught (MSC-certified) wild fish and organic fish from aquaculture. The packaging of the products is made of the material Grease Guard, an environmentally friendly, safe barrier carton with a water-based coating. It has the same properties as conventional PE coatings but saves nearly 1 tonne of polyethylene when packaging 1 million fish fingers, for example. Grease Guard consists of 100% recycling carton which DIN EN 13432 rated as compostable, biologically degradable and lowpollutant. The followfish packs are printed with special foodsafe colours.

If it used to be enough to draw up an ecological balance for products and their packaging the development today is rather more in the direction of eco design. With this, the focus has moved away from the mere examination of the recyclability of a packaging towards what is called lifecycle management. Eco design is a holistic approach which tries to take into account all the environmental impacts that arise as a result of production, transport and distribution. They are often about ten times higher than the impacts that arise later on during waste treatment. Life cycle analyses or assessments (LCA) should help to optimise packaging design under environmental aspects

and reduce negative effects on the environment throughout the whole production chain. The best solution would, of course, be to do completely without packaging, wherever possible. It would for example be possible to have one’s coffee at the nearest “to go” coffee shop filled into one’s own mug. But of course it’s more convenient to collect the coffee in the usual laminated paper beaker complete with its plastic lid… and then throw it into the rubbish bin just a few minutes later. Changes in behaviour usually start in the mind, especially where avoidance of packaging waste is concerned. mk

www.eurofishmagazine.com

[

FISH INFOnetwork news

EVENTS

Technical training course to improve fish quality and yields In December INFOSA in collaboration with the Namibian Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources (MFMR) organized a five-day training course on Improved Marketing Strategies and Business Management Skills for Fish Traders in Caprivi Region in an effort to improve these small scale fish trading businesses. The main objectives of the course was to equip participants with improved fish marketing knowledge and intelligence to reduce post harvest losses and achieve better economic gains. The course was conducted as a mix of theoretical lessons and practical exercises to suit the audience, who were semi-illiterate fish traders or “would-be” fish traders and a few fish farmers. All participants could work in English, which was the medium of instruction. The participants were given handouts and guidelines to follow through,

prepared by experts from INFOSA and MFMR. At the end of each lecture, participants had time to ask questions and discuss the topics. Group discussions enabled participants to interact more with each other. Participants from existing fish trading business and aquaculture projects were also given a chance to share lessons learnt from their daily operations through case study sessions. Case studies from Asia were discussed by a guest lecturer, Mr. Ghulam Kibria, Special Advisor to the Minister for Aquaculture. Besides theoretical lessons, the course also offered practical exercises in fish preservation techniques, fish dissection, fish handling, hygiene practices, basic fish processing techniques (smoking, sun-drying, filleting, gutting, de-heading etc). Participants were also taught record keeping skills through the practical completion of sample data collection forms.

]

The training course was a general success as the fish traders particularly women acquired much knowledge on all post-harvest issues. The group also expressed the wish for purpose built, small scale fish reception and processing units to aid them in reducing post harvest loses, and also as platforms for processing and

s elling better quality products and to attract better markets outside the fish production a reas. Through the training course, many people in Caprivi region are beginning to understand the principles and values of developing aquaculture, having witnessed the dwindling in catches of wild stocks from traditional sources.

Regional workshop on flat fishes held in Uruguay FAO, the Department of Aqua culture of DINARA (Uruguay) and the Aquaculture Network of the Americas (ANA) organised a regional workshop on the farming of flat fishes in South America bet ween 30 November and 2 December. Technicians from Argentina, Brazil, Chile Peru and Uruguay exchanged experiences about the production of flat fishes in captivity

in each country. INFOPESCA was invited to participate in the lectures, and Santiago Caro gave a presentation on the commercial prospects of flat fishes. On the final day of the event, an excursion to DINARA´s station in Cabo Polonio, where technicians showed their colleagues the facilities and discussed their experience with breeding local flounder.

Facilities for breeding flat fish in Cabo Polonio, Rocha, Uruguay.

Eurofish invited to present developments in European fisheries to Latvian conference A total of 31 participants from the Caprivi Region in Namibia attended the course.

The Ministry of Agriculture of Latvia invited Aina Afanasjeva, Director of Eurofish, to its annual conference on the implementation

www.eurofishmagazine.com

of the European Fisheries Fund measures, where she delivered a presentation on the development of the fisheries sector in Europe.

Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

[

FISH INFOnetwork news

]

institutional o rganization of the fisheries and processing sector, as well as recent developments in technologies, products and management of resources. The fair had more than 80 exhibitors, including processors, suppliers,

Aina Afanasjeva, Director of Eurofish, made a presentation on developments in the fisheries sector in Europe. The event was an annual conference organised by the Ministry of Agriculture in Latvia.

The event attracted about 50 participants, representing fishing, aquaculture, and fish processing sectors, industry associations, local fishermen groups and municipalities. The conference was opened by Normunds Riekstiņš, Director of the Fisheries Department of the Ministry of Agriculture (in place of the Minister of Agriculture).

u nions and associations and regional and national authorities. Javier López from INFOPESCA attended the fair and the symposium, and also visited the canning plant of the company Gomes da Costa, part of the Calvo Group.

The first edition of the AquaPesca Brasil Fair and the International Symposium on Fisheries and Aquaculture took place in the city of Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

In her presentation Ms Afanasjeva, underlined that aquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector in the world and that it remains the main driver behind increased fisheries production. The importance of research is key to ensuring the competitiveness and growth of companies in a globalised fish products market, she said.

AquaPesca Brasil Fair and International Symposium on Fisheries and Aquaculture On 18-20 November the first edition of the AquaPesca Brasil Fair and the International Symposium on Fisheries and Aquaculture took place in the city of Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The event was opened by the Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture of Brazil, Mr. Altemir Gregolin, the State Secretary from the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs from 64 Eurofish Magazine 1 / 2011

Norway, Mr. Vidar Ulriksen, along with authorities from the state of Santa Catarina and representatives from the fishing sector. During the symposium, several subjects were discussed in two parallel sessions; the present state and perspectives for the fishing and aquaculture sector in Brazil, recent developments in international trade, management of resources and www.eurofishmagazine.com

D iary D ate s

16-18 February 2011, Global Food Safety Conference London, UK Tel.: +33 143 186019 Fax: +33 143 186058 tcgffoodsafety@theconsumergoodsforum.com www. theconsumergoodsforum.com

19-22 February, 2011 Mediterranean Seafood Exhibition Rimini, Italy Tel.: +39 0541/744 478 Fax: +39 0541/744 225 s.bellini@riminifiera.it www.saporerimini.it

28 February – 3 March, 2011 Aquaculture America 2011 New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Tel.: +1 760 751 5005 Fax: +1 760 751 5003 worldaqua@aol.com www.was.org

1-3 March 2011 North Atlantic Seafood Forum Oslo, Norway Tel.: +47 22 56 19 30 annette@congrex.no www.nor-seafood.com

20-22 March 2011 Boston Seafood Show Boston, USA

Tel.: +1 207 842-5538 kbutland@divcom.com www.bostonseafood.com

27-30 March 2011 Alimentaria & Horexpo Lisboa Lisbon, Portugal Tel.: +34 93 452 18 00 Fax: +34 93 567 96 81 comercial@alimentaria.com www.alimentaria.com

5-7 April, 2011 North Atlantic Fish Fair Klaksvik, Faroe Islands Tel.: +298 211949 dph@fair.fo www.fair.fo

25- 27 May, 2011 Agadir Fish Morocco 2011 Casablanca, Morocco Tel.: +212 (0) 5 22 47 06 00 Fax: + 212 (0) 5 22 47 06 01 mmakdoud@iecgroup.org

26-29 May, 2011 Interpescas 2011 Aveiro, Portugal Tel.: +351 243 370 174 Fax: +351 243 370 175 geral@exposan.pt

31 May – 2 June, 2011 POLFISH Gdansk, Poland Tel.: + 4858 554 93 62 Fax: + 4858 554 91 17 monika.juszkiewicz@mtgsa.com.pl www.mtgsa.pl

16-19 August, 2011 Aqua Nor Trondheim, Norway Tel.: +47 73 56 86 40 Fax: +47 73 56 86 41 Mailbox@nor-fishing.no www.nor-fishing.no

3-5 May, 2011 European Seafood Exposition Brussels, Belgium Tel.: +1 207-842-5500 Fax: +1 207-842-5503 custserv@divcom.com www.euroseafood.com

20-22 May, 2011 Ancona International FISHING Fair Ancona, Italy Tel.: +39 0715897216 Fax: +39 0715897213 info@erf.it www.fieradellapesca.it

22-24 September, 2011 Icelandic Fisheries Exhibtion Kópavogur, Iceland Tel.: +354 567 6004 Fax: +354 567 6044 bjarni@icefish.is www.icefish.is

12-14 October, 2011 DanFish International Aalborg, Denmark Tel.: +45 9935 5542 ed@akkc.dk www.danfish.com

A d d y o u r e v e n t t o w w w. e u r o f i s h . d k

List of Advertisers Name of Company

Imprint Publisher

Managing editor Editorial offices

Best Harvest Food Technologie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Tel.: +45 333 777 55 Fax: +45 333 777 56 info@eurofish.dk, eurofish.dk, eurofishmagazine.com

Binyin Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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Boulogne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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Diversified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

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Handtmann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back cover Ice Pack XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 JP Klausen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

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Metafin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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at the Handtmann EXPOSITION SEAFOOD EUROPEAN – 05.05.2011 03. 5963 hall 4, booth Eurofish Magazine

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Norway

Fish Carpaccio Pâtés in tins, cans and trays Salmon tartar without bones Portions for sliced products EUROFISH International Organisation

Dried and smoked fish products Reconstituted filets made from cut-offs

mann brik GmbH & Co. KG

recht-Str. 10-12 rach/Riss

3 51 / 45 - 0 3 51 / 45 - 15 01 @handtmann.de ann.de

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Tel.: +49 5250 933416 manfred.klinkhardt@web.de

HAT YOU SEA WHAT YOU GET!

it our new Y CENTRE D TECHNOLOG your ach to bring fruition! to oduct ideas

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Editorial board

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Seafood exports reach a new record in 2010 European Seafood Exposition prepares to open its doors Russia: Interview with Andrey Krainy, Head of the Federal Agency for Fisheries Research: Pelagic fish as food products

21.01.11 10:25

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Eurofish Magazine

eurofishmagazine.com

eurofish.dk

n n n n n n n n n n Supply sources n n n n n n n n n n Crustaceans

Insulated Containers

Salmon slicers

Styropor® ( polystyrene ) compressors

Ristic AG Am Espen 15, D-90559 Oberferrieden Tel.: 0 91 83 / 40 90, Fax: 0 91 83 / 4 09 49 Web: www.ristic.com, E-Mail: info@ristic.com

Frozen seafood specialties

SALMON SLICER... worldwide R. MAASS + PARTNER GMBH Röntgenstrasse 12 D-21493 Schwarzenbek Tel.: +49 41 51 / 866 955 Fax: +49 41 51 / 867 188 www.maass-slicers.de

Transport

Liquid smoke

tasty-Smoke GmbH Hövelsstr. 27 48488 Emsbüren Tel.: +49 (0) 591 610 4451 Fax: +49 (0) 591 610 4507 www.liquid-smoke.com

Liquid smoke BBQ-Oil Hickory-Smoke Smoke Powder Liquid-Smokers

Packaging

For more information see our website:

www.promens.com/saeplast

ISSN 1868-594

Eurofish Magazine

03. - 05. May 2011,

A WHAT YOU SE GET! IS WHAT YOU

Brussels

y Norwrtsareac rd in 2010 h a new reco

sticks Fish balls or Fish sausages

EUROFISH International

new CENTRE Visit our NOLOGY TECH g your ion! ER AND to brin s to fruit CUSTOMin Biberach uct idea e prod innovativ

Fish Carpaccio cans and trays Pâtés in tins, without bones Salmon tartar sliced products Portions for fish products Dried and smoked from cut-offs filets made Reconstituted

Organisation

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Seafood expo

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European Seafoo

FISH

21.01.11 10:25

Smoked salmon

Wire ropes

Feinfischräucherei Noll GmbH D-46514 Schermbeck Tel.: 0 28 53/20 57, Fax: 14 65 Web: www.fisch-noll.de E-Mail: info@fisch-noll.de

Drahtseilwerk GmbH P.O. Box 100325 D-27503 Bremerhaven Ph.: 0471/93189-0, Fax: -39 Trawl-Wires, Atlas Ropes

The fastest way to advertise in Eurofish Magazine

January 1 / 2011

Seafood Exposition Visit us at the European Hall 5 / Booth 639

FRANKFURT / MAIN-AIRPORT Gebäude 456 A, Raum Nr. 3435 Telefon 0 69 / 69 76 76-30 Telefax 0 69 / 69 76 76-50

C 44346 January 1 / 2011

ine.com www.eurofishmagaz

the N ann at SITIO Handtm OOD EXPO AN SEAF 5.2011 EUROPE 03. – 05.0 5963 booth hall 4,

SALMCO Technik GmbH Reinskamp 1 D-22117 Hamburg Tel.: +49-40-713 14 72 Fax : +49-40-712 98 70 Internet: www.salmco.de E-Mail: info@salmco.com

D-27472 CUXHAVEN Grodener Chaussee 61 Telefon 0 47 21 / 208-0 Telefax 0 47 21 /208-100

Eckhard Preuß

Aleksandra Petersen

Marderstieg 7, D-21717 Fredenbeck, Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 4149 8020, Fax: +49 (0) 4149 7292 e.preuss@freenet.de

H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44-46, DK-1553 Copenhagen V, Denmark Tel.: +45 333 777 63, Fax: +45 333 777 56 aleksandra.petersen@eurofish.dk

www.eurofishmagazine.com

ISSN 1868-5943 / 2011 C 44346

February 1 / 2011

nn at the Handtma POSITION FOOD EX A E S N A E EUROP 5.2011 03. – 05.0 5963 th o o hall 4, b Eurofish Magazine

WHAT YOU SEA IS WHAT YOU GET!

Norway

Fish Carpaccio Pâtés in tins, cans and trays Salmon tartar without bones Portions for sliced products Dried and smoked fish products

Eurofish International Organisation

new Visit our CENTRE NOLOGY H C E T D N ER A g your CUSTOM ch to brin n! in Bibera to fruitio s a e roduct id p e v ti a v inno

Reconstituted filets made from cut-offs

HM_AZ_Seafood_1210_205213_184x252mm_RZ.indd 1

Seafood exports reach a new record in 2010 European Seafood Exposition prepares to open its doors Russia: Interview with Andrey Krainy Research: Pelagic fish as food products

21.01.11 10:25

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