GRADUATION REPORT 4187237 Dominika Linowska P4. Graduation Studio MSc4 Dwelling, At Home in the City, Amsterdam Responsive Suburbia: dwelling and working in IJBurg Tutors: Nelson Mota , Ype Cuperus Date of P5: 26.06.2013
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contents A - Graduation Plan
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A consise description of the problem statement, objectives, programme, design and research questions, including a detailed planning. B- Process Documentation
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A critical selection of the most relevent material produced since the beginning of the assignment; documents evolution of design concept. C- Design Work
65
Site analysis, programme definition, and all necessary drawings and visualizations necessary for the final comprehensive architectural design. D- Reflection
99
E- Final panels
102
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A - Graduation Plan P5: Architecture Graduation manual, Master Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences, 2011 – 2012. Appendix 2
Personal information name student number address postal code city place of residence telephone number e-mail address studio theme title of project teachers main tutor
Dominika Linowska 4187237 84 Rietveld 2611 LN Delft Toronto, Canada 06 57 81 68 18 dominika.linowska@gmail.com Dwelling: At Home in the City: Amsterdam ‘Responsive dwelling’ The new (collective) vernacular: dwelling + working in a responsive environment Paul Kuitenbrouwer, Olv Klijn, Nelson Mota Nelson Mota
Argumentation of studio choice After doing my first housing project during fourth year Bsc Arch, I was immediately drawn to the subject of housing. I am especially interested in analyzing middle-tohigh density residential complexes. The concept of living or dwelling affects us all. It is my goal (throughout this studio) to rethink our current lifestyles, resource usage, building materials, typologies, and incorporate these aspects within the design process. Coming from Canada, I see a lot of poor housing projects which do not take any consideration of the future. Instead, the private, free-standing family home is still sought-after, with no other available and encouraging options for collective living, besides the standard stacked apartment block. This is one of the main reasons I am in the dwelling studio: my response to North America’s backward-thinking ap proach to housing solutions in the present day.
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Product Problem Statement The island of IJBurg is a new, monofunctional residential area lacking connection with the city of Amsterdam.
Research Question How can the working + dwelling typology be re-evaluated in order to reinvigorate a neighourhood into a well-functioning, sustainable community?
Goal My goal is to design a new type of collective dwelling suited for contemporary living, which incorporates responsive design on sociological, economical, and environmental levels. The objective is to investigate in a new typology (from dwelling scale to urban scale) which could be appropriated as a positive example for living collectively.
Process Method description site • site visit(s), sketches, photographs, experiemental observations, interpretation of data • generating physical models at 1:1000 and 1:500 • research: documents pertaining to development of site as well as zoning laws, regulations • map analysis of given location and respective areas; study of morphology of site at larger scale as well as within the building scale • typology analysis of existing built form within site; number of dwellings, number of levels, building types, materialization, accessibility • programme analysis of existing site; what is there, what functions are lacking, which could potentially improve the area and or neighbourhood
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theme (responsive dwelling + support/infill) • conducting group meetings to discuss theme and providing our final analysis outcome in a book format • readings on various topics: responsivity, flexibility, work+live, community, collectivity, activities • diagramming defined case studies and re-interpreting them to suit theme (ie. axonometric, figure ground, etc) • incorporating theme into design by careful analysis and interpretation of sources design • sketching, quick plans, initial ideas, perspectives • formulating quick collages on Photoshop in order to convey ‘feeling’ and or certain idea of the design • browsing through online as well as literature and journal sources for inspiration regarding similar typologies and or styles of expected design (high density dwelling books, collective living, semi-detached housing, etc) • generating massing models in order to work directly with scale, and volume within the site context • refering to housing manuals: floor plan layouts, construction, sustainability features • investigating theoretical themes which will be incorporated into the design, eg. ‘mat’ building, the vernacular • using computer-aided design software such as: AutoCad, Sketchup, Revit to help formulate spatial and a more technical (an precise) understanding of the project
Literature (to date) Anne Mikoleit and Moritz Pürckhauer, Urban Code: 100 Lessons
LIVE/WORK, Northeastern University School of Architecture,
for Understanding the City (The MIT Press, October 2011
ARCH G691 Graduate Degree Project Studio fall 2009
Herman Hertzberger, “Flexibility and polyvalency”, Forum 3,1962,
New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe, (Birkhäuser, Novem-
p115-188
ber 2009)
Industry in the City: A report for the London Development Agency Bernard Leupen, Frame and Generic Space (010, Rotterdam) & Greater London Authority, Architecture and Urbanism Unit. August 2006.
Specific Neutrality. Atelier Kempe Thill, (AEDES, 2004)
Jan Gehl, Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space (The Danish
Tim Eschuis and Fransje Hooimeijer, “What is Collective? Design-
Architectural Press, 2010)
ing the Collective Domain” OASE 71: Urban Formation and Collective Spaces, 54-71
Jamie J.Ferrer Fores, “Mat Urbanism: Growth and Change”, Projec-
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tions 10: Designing for Growth and Change (2012): 73-83
Tatjana Schneider and Jeremy Till, Flexibile Housing, (Elsevier,
Leupen Bernard. Frame and Generic Space. 010 Rotterdam. 2006.
2007)
General practical reference: building technology references, Neufert, housing manuals, software references for Revit Architecture, consultations with professors / architects for professional feedback. Two academic housing projects completed in the past.
B - Process Documentation
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P1 initial design outcome / programme
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P1 sketchup perspective studies
P1 dwelling typology study
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parking study
10
formal study specifically on one strip
“In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a massoriented, mainly public and standardised form of building into a consumeroriented, flexible and individualised form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.” - Atelier Kempe Thill. Specific Neutrality p50
The twenty-first century’s return of urban dwelling fights against the modernistic idea of sprawl and suburbia, where a free-standing dream home was sought after. The planning of liveable compact cities is on the agenda at the moment. An approach to doing so would be through collective dwelling, where proximity to urban services brings about quality living. “...mixed use is essential to the creation of sustainable communities, ensuring daily vibrancy and flexibility over time.” - Industry in the City. p9
Located in Amsterdam, the graduation studio project will incorporate the theme of responsive dwelling. The design takes this theme into account by means of responding to evolving economic conditions, demographics, and lifestyles. Designing a non-monofunctional, flexible building is key in order to meet this criteria. A contemporary typology fitted for 21st century living will be analyzed.
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“mat-building can be said to epitomize the anonymous collective; where the functions come to enrich the fabric, and the individual gains new freedoms of action through a new shuffled order, based on interconnection, close knit patterns of association and possibilities for growth, diminution and
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change� - A.Smithson
000 site 1:1000 site 1:1000
0A-A section 1:250 A-Asection 1:250 A-A 1:250
m
9m
78 m
9m
9m
9m
78 m 147 m
147 m
147 m
147 m
13
14
F C
C
F
1:1000 site plan, showing scale of neighbourhood 15
16
Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika Linowska 4187237
first level: cimbination of set plans and added / carved out units
3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units
additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply)
additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls)
structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized
Y AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
ground floor plan with predetermined divisions (party walls) during design phase
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
The new collective vernacular: design on the level of the dwelling
17
PRODUCED BY AN AUTO
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT
horizontal extensions emphasized structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized
work
work work
work
work
work
work work
work
work
live bike storage bikebike storage storage
live eat live
0 0
eat PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT eat PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT waste
0
waste waste
eat
eat
eat
eat
eat
eat live
sleep sleep
sleep
live
live live
live
live
live
garden
eat
live
live
live
live
liveeat
eat
eat
eat
eat
garden
garden
garden
garden
garden
garden
garden
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENTgarden PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
creates shadows within dwelling complex. ‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and
+1
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED sleep BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT sleep sleep sleep
sleep
sleep sleep
garden
sleep
garden
sleep
garden
sleep
+2 +2
sleep
+2
sleep
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUD ST
‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and creates shadows dwelling ‘addition’ rule: nowithin overhangs; too complex. hard to construct and
+1 +1
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN A
N AUTODESK TODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
structural support of dwellings shown with horizontal extensions emphasized structural support of dwellings shown with
the individual dwelling (party walls) additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls)
UDENT ENT TUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
additions are kept within the line of the individual dwelling (party walls) additions are kept within the line of
and added / carved out units first level: cimbination of set plans and added / carved out units
3) ground floor workspace, 4) community complex 4 types of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office 3) ground floor workspace, 4) community complex
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply) additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to the next dwelling (extra sunlight rules apply)
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units
first level: cimbination of set plans and / carved outof units first added level: cimbination set plans
4 types of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office 3)types ground floor workspace, 4) community complex 4 of dwelling + working: 1) studio loft, 2) home office
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3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units
additions allowed to extend to back, no closer than 3m to theallowed next dwelling (extra sunlight additions to extend to back, no rules closerapply) than
work
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
divisions (party walls) during design phase ground floor plan with predetermined divisions (party walls) during design phase
3 x 3 x 3m ratio adapted for dwelling units
work
work
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
ground floor plan with predetermined divisionsfloor (party walls) design phase ground plan withduring predetermined
work work
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika Linowska 4187237
section B-B
PRODUCED PRODUCED PRODUCED BYBY AN BY AN AUTODESK AN AUTODESK AUTODESK STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT
The new collective vernacular: design on the level of the dwelling The new collective vernacular: design onLinowska the level Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika 4187237 of the dwelling The new collective vernacular: design onLinowska the level Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota. Dominika 4187237 of the dwelling
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
45 degree sunlight rule applies for built mass as well as additions. The higher the building, the further away the next one should be.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
International Building code: a non-residential (work) area should be max. 50% of the total unit size. A maximum amount of 5 workers / employees are allowed to occupy this type of unit. Dwelling + working units can be no larger than 279m2.
DESK STUDENT PRODUCT
D BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
‘addition’ rule: no overhangs; too hard to construct and creates shadows within dwelling complex.
concept of additions for ensemble studied + section through main street (study of heights, proportions, mass)
a quick impression of a cut through one of the couryards
19
20
1:1000 balsa wood model. 21
Street perspective, going down Schokkerjachtdijk towards Steigereiland North
22
Section C-C 1:500
15 42,4m
9,2
13
9
27
10
50
10
4,5
6
A section through the ‘stoney enclave’ showing fairly low heights, and a feeling of vast space
23
9m
150 m
75 m
zoning: maximum volume
24
type A
3m x 3m x 3m
type B
carving streets + creating blocks
type C
minimum SAR (before infill)
(infill) additions added
formal study of overall complex
P
k
ho
Sc
program: dwelling(pink), services/shops/work (blue) communal services / art studios (green)
k
dij
ht
jac
r ke
circulation
parking
25
Traditional projects developers in the Netherlands still describe the qualities of a house in terms of square metres and number of bedrooms. But the experienced buyer, busy with a ‘living career’ knows better and looks for cubic rather than square metres. These, and not the qualities defined by the developer, are better indication of the potential of a house. People can create their own paradise within a given envelope. More individually and freedom can also be built into the collective housing projects. By splitting the house into structure and infill, and enormous variety of typologies can be created inside a basic structure. - Atelier Kempe Thill p55
concept of additions 26
rules for additions, skeletal structure + curtainwall facade
27
theme research: responsive dwelling levels of permanence
neighbourhood
city
block
Barcelona Eixample grid
city
neighbourhood
block infill
block
block infill
Borneo Sporenburg Master Plan Kowloon Quinta Monroy Urbanex 28
Next 21
support infills
support infills
individual dwelling
individual dwelling
movable partitions
partitions
He
Waterbuurt A
Waterbuurt B
geb
ade
tK
Steigereiland South
ouw
Steigereiland North
Block 125
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30
axonometric drawing of the ensemble
LEVEL 0 1:200
31
32
LEVEL +1 1:200
LEVEL +2 1:200
33
ELEVATION 1:200
P SECTION A-A 1:200
34
“In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a massoriented, mainly public and standardised form of building into a consumeroriented, flexible and individualised form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.� - Atelier Kempe Thill. Specific Neutrality p50
SECTION B-B 1:200
35
View from main street onto the secondary street, courtayrd, shopfronts, dwellings above
36
B
A
axonomtric defining dwellings to be studied at 1:50
37
Dwelling type A
108-216m2 90m2 + 18m2 38
G
G G
G
6m
0
+1 12m
6m
3m
SECTION G-G 1:50
39
39
Dwelling type B
108-162m2 40
108m2 + 36m2
F
F
F 6m
+2
F
+1
F
F
9m
0
SECTION F-F 1:50
41
dwelling programme study / orientation (public vs.private functions)
42
A B
B
A
B
A
a
A
A
a
A
A B A A A B B
B A A
B
A B A
A
B
A
A
B
A A
B
A
B
B
B
A
A
1:200 LEVEL +1 (BOTTOM HALF SHOWN ONLY)
L3.5
community center / printshop / study areas
7.5m
dwelling live
6m
multi-purpose hall
commercial
10500
L2.5
9000 7500
L2
6000
L1.5
4500
L1
3000
L3
work L0
underground parking
ramp
ramp
L-1
1:200 SECTION aa
water
outdoor terrace, connected to boardwalk WC A
A
office
WC dance school / yoga / karate hall
restaurant
A
change room
A
culinary school
WC
A
outdoor terrace (roofed) A
B
artist studio / exhibition area /gallery
B
B
B
B
A
parking entrance
A -
B
B
B
B
A
parking entrance
A B
B
A
A
B
A
A
A
a
offices + management building parking entrance
office
a
office WC WC
A
office multi-purpose hall
A
B
A A B B
B
poster from pre-P3 analyzing 1:200
A A
B
A B A
parking entrance
A
B
B
A
A
A A A
1:200 LEVEL 0 (58 DWELLINGS + 7 APARTMENTS ABOVE COMMUNITY / ART COMPLEX ) ground floor business / workplace / service entrances (for working + dwelling units)
A
B
A
B
A
B
B
43
communal gardens of all the blocks
courtyard design inspiration (SANAA approach). ‘mat landscaping’
44
the permeable block, study of the level of solididity and permeablility
courtyard perspective study (Revit Architecture)
volumetric study of the dwelling ensemble
45
1:50 and 1:100 study models. spatial explorations
dwelling Type A with permeable wall between live/work
46
dwelling type B
using Sketchup to aid in spatial configurations with furniture
47
perspective of main street
48
interior perspective of type A
ground floor of 4.5m (dwelling type B)
49
50 design of activity strip (same use of ‘mat’ landscaping) using the 6x6m grid.
facade and construction study of the complex
51
4
4 4 7
3
underneath with insulation Wooden sill offset in mortar bed (tolerance compensation); sealing tape might be necessary
7
Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20
Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20
6 6
radiant floor heating / cooling
general wall components
ventilation (exhaust air) water supply
wet room installation
drain pipe
3
3
bathroom 4
1 kitchen electrical
2
5
boiler
2
6
7 1
C
8 1
KLH wall and floor elements
2
Vertical interior laths
Acoustically insulated mounted pipes
3
Transverse laths as an intermediate structure
Tiles on plasterboard panels with additional sealing layer between tiles and the plasterboard panels (also in the floor structure: horizontal sealing underneath the tiles)
4
2-layer insulation
5
Horizontal wooden slats, cladding
1
Single seal layer - directly on the KLH solid wood panel
2 3
1 4
Block 125: the facade + details + materiality
6
Concrete ground floor slab
7
Base insulation, splash area
8
Sealing extended over horizontal joint
connected to municipality water system
WC
mech.
installation slots 2 in roof panels with visible wooden soffit
P3. Graduation Studio MSc3 Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota + Ype Cuperus. 4187237 Dominika Linowska.
1
“Wood is a natural humidity regulator: its moisture content matches the ambient air, providing natural humidity stabilization and regulation.” - BC. Naturally Wood
3
A
radiant floor heating unit
washer
1100
6
6
4
1
Vapour barrier above slot and cables (avoid penetration)
2
Short lateral slots possible in supporting area
3
Slot in surface area (only possible in the direction of cover panels)
4
Vertical slots only in top layer & in fibre direction of cover panels
5
operable wood shutters
2
3000
3000
5 5
sliding balcony door, wood trim
D B
2 2
1 4
A
D
party wall detail
WC
C
1500
1500
eral fibre oss-
1 1
Horizontal Horizontal wooden wooden cladding,mineral cladding,mineral fibre fibre insulation, KLH manufactured insulation, KLH manufactured crosscrosslaminated laminated timber timber panels panels 2
1
els nish H panels
2 2
5 1 1 B
floor ulation, concrete
3 3
sleep
+ precise factory cutting of all panels and openings + site construction times are very short wooden sliding panel + buildings can be erected in almost any weather
1500
suspended ‘living’ / extra studio
Horizontal wooden cladding,mineral fibre insulation, KLH manufactured crosslaminated timber panels
4500
Horizontally-sliding Horizontally-sliding wooden wooden panels panels (vertical (vertical grain), grain), smooth smooth render render finish finish (stucco), (stucco), mineral mineral fibre fibre insul., insul., KLH KLH panels panels 2
Horizontally-sliding wooden panels (vertical grain), smooth render finish (stucco), mineral fibre insul., KLH panels
3
75mm polished concrete, underfloor radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, waterproof membrane, 200mm concrete slab
4
Hardwood flooring, smooth concrete topping, underfloor radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, KLH floor panels
5
Double-glazed window 1500 x 1500
6
Roof structure; supports vertical additions. Wooden decking, drainage gravel underneath with insulation
kitchen / foyer terrace
1500 3000
‘work’-space
additional room
75mm underfloor 4 75mm polished polished concrete, concrete, underfloor 2 4 radiant heating, 100mm rigid radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, insulation, + materiality Type B ‘front’ facade, street entrance. 1:20Type A dwelling Type constructional B ‘front’ facade,assembly street entrance. 1:20 waterproof waterproof membrane, membrane, 200mm 200mm concrete concrete slab general wall components slab 7
smooth rendered coat (light stucco)
3
Wooden sill offset in mortar bed (tolerance compensation); sealing tape might be necessary
7
crete ng, or panels
4 1 4
P3 wooden facade elevations
wet room installation
Hardwood flooring, smooth Horizontal wooden Hardwood flooring, cladding,mineral smooth concrete concretefibre topping, underfloor radiant insulation, KLH manufactured crosstopping, underfloor radiant heating, heating, 100mm rigid insulation, laminated timber panelsKLH 100mm rigid insulation, KLH floor floor panels panels 3
3
5 2 5
addie gravel
C
1
6 6 3
Double-glazed 1500 x Horizontally-sliding wooden Double-glazed window window 1500panels x 1500 1500 (vertical grain), smooth render finish Roof vertical (stucco), mineralsupports fibre insul., KLHaddipanels Roof structure; structure; supports vertical addi3 tions. tions. Wooden Wooden decking, decking, drainage drainage gravel gravel underneath with installation underfloor slots in roof panels with visible wooden soffit 75mm polished 4insulation underneath withconcrete, insulation radiant heating, 100mm rigid insulation, Wooden sill offset bed waterproof 200mm Wooden sillmembrane, offset in in mortar mortar bedconcrete (tolerance compensation); sealing slab (tolerance compensation); sealing tape tape might might be be necessary necessary Hardwood flooring, smooth concrete topping, underfloor radiant heating,
4
boiler
radiant floor heating unit
washer
6
7
8 KLH wall and floor elements Vertical interior laths
Acoustically insulated mounted pipes
3
Transverse laths as an intermediate structure
Tiles on plasterboard panels with additional sealing layer between tiles and the plasterboard panels (also in the floor structure: horizontal sealing underneath the tiles)
4
2-layer insulation
5
Horizontal wooden slats, cladding
6
Concrete ground floor slab
7
Base insulation, splash area
8
Sealing extended over horizontal joint
3
drain pipe
electrical
2
5
2
2
water supply
kitchen
1
Single seal layer - directly on the KLH solid wood panel
ventilation (exhaust air)
1
1
1
radiant floor heating / cooling
bathroom
2
500
Type B ‘back’ facade, communal garden entrance. 1:20
connected to municipality water system
WC
mech.
2
1
7 7
g tape
52
“Wood is a natural humidity regulator: its moisture content matches the ambient air, providing natural humidity stabilization and regulation.” - BC. Naturally Wood
3
1100
4
7
4
1
Vapour barrier above slot and cables (avoid penetration)
2
Short lateral slots possible in supporting area
3
Slot in surface area (only possible in the direction of cover panels)
4
Vertical slots only in top layer & in fibre direction of cover panels
7 7
3 3
53
54
55
56
1:100 streetfront model. introduced black slate shingles
57
shopfront study. ‘infill’ windows depending on the function inside 58
59
60
61
62
materiality + streetfront facade study
63
64
C - Design work
65
LIVE
LIVE
LIVE
WORK
dwelling type A. includes a permeable divider
LIVE WORK dwelling type B. physical separation
66
1:200 MDF model for block massing purposes
67
68
69
3x3 grid
dwelling type A
70
streets define blocks
dwelling type B
min FSI
max FSI
71
72
perspective onto one of the internal communal / semi-public courtyards
73
Existing situation of the IJBurg site (zoning: Block 125). A feeling of vastness, lacking human activity.
74
Design proposal; perspective of main street. Black shingle facades line public perimeter of the permeable blocks.
75
north waterfront
studios office
utility
exhibition space / gallery
office
22 ground-floor parking spots
garbage/ recycling
greenhouses
storage
outdoor bike parking tennis courts
pergolas mech. play ground
picnic area
public wifi access computer center (workshare spots) sand pits
dance studio
76 south waterfront
community garden (urban farming)
swings
= site pavers
= low grasses
= decorative gravel
= green grid pavers
= wood decking
= grass
= flower bed 1
= shrubbery
= flowerbed 2
77
78
P
P
79
80
81
P
P
82
level -1 parking scheme 1:500 (196 spots + extra bike storage, mechanical rooms)
B
A
83
Looking down from roof terrace of House B onto public activity strip with landscaping and pavilions following the grid. 84
incremental growth (type A example) 85
Dwellings are designed to grow vertically and outwardly over time. (left: extension matrix for Houses A and B; array of possibilities)
86
bedroom + living room
local lunch diner
2 extra bedrooms
spa / salon
restaurant / cafe
photography studio
dining room
bedrooms for 2 kids
master bedroom + study
basic unit: roof terrace
additional home office
dentist
87
A (x 38) 88
8m2
8m2
3000
8m2
3m2
4.5m2 12.5m2
WM
4500
9000
3.5m2
2m2
9000
37m2
1500
3m2
9m2 WM 2300
25m2 18m2
20m2 22m2
4.5m2
WM
8m2
18m2
11m2
25m2
3m2
3.5m2
12.5m2
2m2
3000
WM
20m2
6000
3000
13m2
22m2
14m2 3000
89
B (x 33) 90
3000
3000
3.5m2
12.5m2
1500 1500
20m2 37m2 37m2 6000 6000
14m2
13m2 8m2
3m2
8m2
3m2
9000 9000
2m2
9m2 WM 25m2
1500
6000
3000 22m2
4.5m2
3000
WM
8m2
8m2
WM
8m2
8m2
4.5m2
18m2 18m2
3m2
WM
9000
3m2
37m2
1500
4.5m2
11m2 11m2
3m2
4500
2300
3.5m2
12.5m2
91
92
View of collective courtyard and the IJ. A white render coat is used for the courtyard-facing facades acting as canvases for additions.
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heating ventilation water supply
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triple-glazed wood-frame facade
wooden decking on top of soffit drainage layer: gravel polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel
triple-glazed wood-frame operable window
white steel stair
6mm Marley Eternit black fibre cement slate cladding (500mm x 250mm) fixed with treated sw battens and counterbattens, 140mm Knaufinsulation Ecobatt with ECOSE, timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer cross-lam.timber panel
internal single glazing
triple-glazing facade
5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)
wooden canopy and sun shading
Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window
solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab
stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)
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roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel
suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel
Detail E Party wall construction (type A meets type B)
96 underground parking
1
3
4
2
Detail A
Detail B
Detail C
1
2
exterior (back) facade: 5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel
4
3
suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel
soffit construction of dwelling type B: wooden decking, drainage layer (gravel) polymer bitumen seal, 140mm Ecobatt insul. MB: bitumen aluminum, 125mm KLH panel
ground floor slab (without parking below): 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab
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D - Reflection
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“Block 125: dwelling and working in a responsive environment” project description A housing project comprised of 72 units is located in IJ Burg— a new suburb east from the center of Amsterdam. More specifically, the project sits on a man-made island called Steigereiland North, on a ‘left-over’ green strip of land. Two types of dwellings (A and B) are disseminated around the site forming various permeable blocks of living and working units. These apartments consist of free-standing, row, and semi-detached typologies, depending on their arrangement and orientation. The capacity of these units to grow and change over time is a key feature of this project. The project has an additional activity strip between the waterside and the housing fabric border which will aid to serve as a lively catalyst for the neighbourhood. This ‘mat’ consists of landscaping and supplementary functions such as: tennis courts, a soccer field, playgrounds, picnic zones, pergolas, a climbing wall, a dance studio, and storage facilities. The newly-added layer of economical, community-driven activities reinvigorates IJ Burg. Introducing light production as well as the creative and working classes into the urban fabric will also result in an extrovert and well-functioning community.
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studio theme: at home in the city
We need to design dwellings which are more integrated with the city and its’ infrastructure. It is my objective The graduation studio At Home in the City focuses to focus on how this can be done if the project locaon contemporary and future urban architecture on the tion is seemingly isolated from the rest of Amsterdam. scale of both the dwelling and the city while simulBlock 125 is the missing link between the city and the taneously implementing an in-depth search for new dwellers in IJ Burg (even if it’s not a physical one). By concepts for dwelling. This particular studio calls for an integrating economical, social, and sustainable needs investigation into new building typologies, for spatial within the whole system of the housing complex, the explorations and programmatic variations, as well as for link is formed. different ways of materialization and technical innovation. The main issues of the studio revolve around: density, typology, identity and lifestyles, transformaresearch theme: responsive dwelling tion, mixed programmes, sustainability, new materialThe graduation studio project incorporates the theme izations, and new technical of ‘responsive dwelling’. The design takes this theme concepts. Redefining twenty-first century city living was my task and incentive. Since the site for this proj- into account by means of responding to evolving economic conditions, demographics, and lifestyles. ect is located in IJ Burg, generating dwellings within Designing a non-monofunctional, flexible building was newly-created communities was something I had to keep in mind throughout the design process. Although key in order to meet this criteria. Block 125 integrates this theme from the very start of the design process, Block 125 is located within a new Dutch suburban and within all scales, respectively. The project evolved area, the project functions as an anti-suburb, serving thanks to constant re-affirmation of the following a multitude of activities (light production, small-sale questions: How does the building respond to its surbusinesses as well as offices). roundings? How does the dwelling respond to the user? “The dream of living in a house in the idyll of one’s How does the façade respond to the dwelling? And so own garden, even though it is still deeply lodged in people’s imaginations, must compete today with choic- on and so forth. These were all questions which helped es of habitats that lay their emphasis on the proximity generate the outcome of the research theme topic into a of urban services and demand an architectural quality successful dwelling project. that is adaptable to the ways people live today... A new awareness...” - New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe
As mentioned earlier, the project is designed to grow and transform over time. Residents of Block 125 have potential to make changes prior to occupation as well as being capable to adjust one’s housing over time after occupation. This notion of additions and change picks up on the group-conducted theme research on incremental housing (Quinta Monroy), or ‘responsive dwelling’, rather.
wider social context “In the future there will be a change of paradigm related to collective housing. Collective housing will be emancipated and change in character from a mass-oriented, mainly public and standardized form of building into a consumer-oriented, flexible and individualized form of architecture. It can offer a real alternative to suburban housing. The change can have enormous consequences for urban development and can give new meaning to the concept of density.” – New Forms of Collective Housing in Europe. Birkhauser The goal of the thesis research was to design a new type of collective dwelling suited for twenty-first century living, which incorporates responsive design on sociological, economical, and environmental levels. The objective is to investigate in a new typology (from the urban to the dwelling scale) which could be appropriated as a positive example for living collectively. Overall, Block 125 is a healthy model for designing blank development sites.
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Responsive Suburbia: dwelling and working in IJBurg P5. Graduation Studio MSc4 Dwelling, At Home in The City: Amsterdam. Nelson Mota + Ype Cuperus. 4187237 Dominika Linowska. June, 26, 2013
streets define blocks
3x3 grid
dwelling type A
min FSI = 1
dwelling type B
max FSI = 1.5
A
A
Axonometric of Responsive Suburbia ensemble. Activity strip shown.
1:500 overall plan in context of neighbourhood, Steigereiland 0
bedroom + living room
local lunch diner
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Dwellings are designed to grow vertically and outwardly over time. (left: extension matrix for Houses A and B; array of possibilities)
2 extra bedrooms
spa / salon
restaurant / cafe
photography studio
dining room
bedrooms for 2 kids
master bedroom + study
basic unit: roof terrace
additional home office
dentist
1:200 cross section A-A
10m
20m
30m
north waterfront
studios office
utility
exhibition space / gallery
office
22 ground-floor parking spots
B
B
garbage/ recycling
picnic area
greenhouses
storage
outdoor bike parking
pergolas mech. play ground
picnic area
public wifi access computer center (workshare spots)
community garden (urban farming)
swings
sand pits
dance studio
south waterfront
Level 0 1:200
0
= site pavers
= low grasses
= decorative gravel
= green grid pavers
= wood decking
= grass
= flower bed 1
= shrubbery
= flowerbed 2
5m
10m
10m
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B
B
Level +1
0
5m
10m
B
B
Level +2
15m
0
5m
10m
15m
north-facing main street elevation 1:200
P P
section B-B 1:200
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P P
internal single glazing
triple-glazing facade
5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)
wooden canopy and sun shading
Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window
solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab
Entering apartment type B from the courtard side.
Living room and study / den of dwelling type B.
Open-plan bedroom of House B; stairs go up to level 3.
stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)
Multi-purpose front room with double-height void of type A.
Floating room of House A; room behind internal brick wall.
triple-glazed wood-frame facade
roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel
wooden decking on top of soffit drainage layer: gravel polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel
Detail A Soffit construction of dwelling type B
suspended floor construction: 18mm plywood, 100mm insulation with timber beams, room for HVAC and MEP services, 125mm KLH floor panel
triple-glazed wood-frame operable window
C white steel stair
6mm Marley Eternit black fibre cement slate cladding (500mm x 250mm) fixed with treated sw battens and counterbattens, 140mm Knaufinsulation Ecobatt with ECOSE, timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer cross-lam.timber panel
internal single glazing
triple-glazing facade
5mm white render coat, Fermacell HC reinforcing mesh, light plaster render, 125mm Fermacell HD Building Board , 140mm Ecobatt insulation with ECOSE timber battens every 578mm 900mm KLH 3-layer panel finish coat (white wax)
Detail B Typical KLH wall and ceiling / floor panel connection
wooden canopy and sun shading
Gaulhofer triple glazed tilt and slide wooden window
solid wooden door (street entrance) CLT partition wall 75mm cast in-situ polished concrete floor incorporating under floor heating and cooling, waterproof membrane, 100mm rigid insulation, 300mm concrete slab
underground parking stone pavers above 1.5% slope (drainage layer)
Detail C Ground floor slab (without underground parking)
roof of type A: gravel drainage layer, polymer bitumen seal 140mm Ecobatt insulation (pressure-resistant) moisture barrier: bitumen aluminum 125mm KLH floor / roof panel
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3000
3000
2300
38
WM
9m2 25m2
3000
2m2
House A. includes an internal permeable divider
D
D
22
street entrance
22m2
private / back entrance
3000
20m2
D
Detail F
3000
WM
22m2 6000
3.5m2
WORK
3000
LIVE
2m2
9m2 3000
LIVE
1500
LIVE
12.5m2
25m2
x
6000
4500
3000
A
Level 0
18m2
3m
9m2
6000
House A. section D-D 1:50
2m2 9m2 3.5m2
3.5
3000
1500
20m2
LIVE
3m2
1500
6000
22m2
37m2 8m2
14m2 6000
8m2
3000
WORK C
House B allows for a physical separation within the unit
18m2
WM
9000 2m2
Level 0 1:50
3.5m2
Level +1 1:50
12.5m2
9m2 WM
18m2
2300
3m2
4500
C
4.5m2
9000
37m2
C
8m2
3m2
1500
11m2
33
12.5m2 25m2
3000
3000
B
x
WM
25m2
20m2
House B. section C-C 1:50 22m2
4.5m2
14m2
WM
8m2
18m2
11m2
3.5m2
12.5m2
25m2
3m2
12.5m2
3000 14m2
3.5m2
3000
20m2
6000
22m2
20m2
WM
2m2
3000
13m2
Existing situation and condition of the IJBurg site (zoning: Block 125). A feeling of vastness, and open space lacking human activity.
Design proposal; perspective of main street. Black shingle facades line the public perimeter of the permeable blocks.
View of collective courtyard and the IJ. A white render coat is used for the courtyard-facing facades acting as canvases for additions. 9m2
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6000
WM
37m2
6000
8m2
18m2
WM
37m2
8m2
18m2 6000
8m2
3m2
8m2
3m2
11m2 3m2 3m2
B
3m2
8m2
B
9000
12.5m2
9000 3.5m2
6000
11m2
8m2
3m2
3.5m2 12.5m2
2m2
12.5m2
9000
9000
A
A
2m2
9m2 WM
WM
D
37m2
4.5m2
20m2
D
2m2
1500
25m2
20m2
22m2
14m2
3.5m2
Level +1
8m2
m2
18m2
6000
WM
8m2
D
4.5m2
6000
WM
1500
D
37m2
street entrance
25m2
20m2
14m2 4.5m2
4.5m2 13m2
8m2
Level +1
8m2
3m2
18m2 11m2
18m2
11m2 3m2
9000
3m2
11m2
11m2
9000
3m2
3.5m2 12.5m2
3m2
12.5m2
3m
5m2
13m2
1:400 axonometric of one of the dwelling clusters. 1:400 axonometric of one of the dwelling clusters. 8m2 8m2 LocationWM of (1:50 study) House A and House B. WM Location of (1:50 study) House A and House B.
4.5m2
4.5m2
20m2
20m2 14m2 8m2
WM
WM
8m2
2 2 18m 13m
13m2
11m2 3m2
13m2
C
14m2
13m2
11m2
C
14m2
C
C
13m2
C
C
3m2
Level +2. addition example 1:50
Level +2. addition example 1:50
14m2
Level +1 1:50
14m2
C
13m2
14m2
13m2
3.5m2
20m2
12.5m2
13m
2
ng facades acting as canvases forLooking additions. down from roof terrace of House B Looking onto the down public from activity roof terrace strip with of House integrated B onto landscaping the publicand activity pavilions strip following with integrated the grid. landscaping and pavilions following the grid.
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