CONSULTANCY, MEASUREMENT, CERTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT FOCUSING ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
Danish Gas Technology Centre
Contents DGC undertakes consultancy and development assignments relating to energy and the environment with a focus on biogas, natural gas and other gases. DGC’s mission is to put knowledge into action and to actively participate in the development of a green energy system with a high degree of security of supply. We aim to facilitate the integration of gas with other forms of energy, to draw attention to the significance of the gas system for the Danish energy supply and to promote safety, environmental issues and energy efficiency when using gas. DGC is a public limited company with 35 employees, established in 1988 by the Danish gas sector. See www.dgc.eu.
GAS IS GREEN ENERGY
2
CONSULTANCY EXPERTS IN ALL ASPECTS OF GAS
3
MEASUREMENT ANALYSES CREATING VALUE
7
CERTIFICATION FOCUS ON SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
10
DEVELOPMENT READY FOR THE FUTURE
11
”The energy of the future must be based on clean sources of energy. This means that an increasing part of the gas in the gas grid will be biogas and other green gases. There will be a continuous demand for gas – in the long term as well. The industry will need gas, gas will be used for generating green fuel for transportation, and (bio)gas will be an important factor in households for many years to come. A well-functioning gas system is the centrepiece of a smart and green energy system. The gas system can ”store” energy for later use as needed – also in calm weather, and when the skies are overcast.” Thea Larsen, CEO, Danish Gas Technology Centre
GAS IS GREEN ENERGY DGC is a specialised supplier of consultancy, measure-
We provide CHP plants and the industry with energy
ment, technology assessment and other knowledge
efficiency and environment measurements as well
intensive services relating to gas and energy. Our
as leak detection. Our laboratory is accredited for
employees are experts in gas utilisation, in green
testing of gas appliances and for making gas analy-
gas and in gas used in combination with other forms
sis. In our affiliated Test Centre for Green Gases we
of energy.
analyse biogas and hydrogen and other green gases. Furthermore, DGC – as Notified Body – offers certifi-
We find solutions for and in cooperation with Danish
cation according to the Gas Appliances Directive and
companies and are actively contributing to developing
the Boiler Efficiency Directive. These activities contri-
green solutions that are profitable for those who are
bute to the continuous approval of new, efficient gas
paying for energy as well as for the society as a whole.
appliances for the benefit of the users.
DGC is active in partnerships that define feasible concepts, technically and commercially, to cover the
This brochure describes our areas of expertise that
energy need in a system based on renewable energy.
we have grouped in the categories Consultancy,
DGC also disseminates knowledge and functions as
Measurement, Certification and Development. The
secretariat for a number of the technical collabora-
description of our services and the case stories of
tions in the gas sector.
customer assignments will give you an idea of how we may help you.
Internationally, we participate in standardization work and work together with European gas companies and organisations. Thus, we help ensure an updated and high level of knowledge in the Danish gas sector and, similarly, we contribute to communicating Danish core strengths to stakeholders outside Denmark.
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 2 |
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
EXPERTS IN ALL ASPECTS OF GAS We have many years of experience as consultants on practical as well as theoretical issues related to gas.
Safety evaluation Our experience with safety technological aspects is extensive, and we have provided consultancy services and training to a large number of clients: gas and heating installers, consulting engineering companies, gas and energy companies, authorities, gas appliance suppliers. Our experience on safety issues includes gas utilisation,
Efficient gas utilisation
gas pipelines, risk analysis, and breakdown investigati-
We are experts on how to use gas optimally, whether
ons. We can calculate ignition limits and auto-ignition
it is in gas installations for heating, cooking or indu-
temperature for relevant gas compositions.
strial use. We offer advice on combinations of natural gas and renewable energy, such as heat pumps and hybrid solutions with electrical heat pumps or solar panels. We also provide advice and guidance relating to operation and maintenance of heating installations, the Danish gas regulations and authority issues in general. Green gases Our consultancy services also cover the injection of green gases – biogas, gasification gas – into the existing gas grid. This involves upgrading the green
The composition of the gas, e.g. natural gas mixed with biogas, will have an effect on combustion. We calculate the properties of the gas.
gas to natural gas quality, creating the necessary
Gas quality
measurement systems, requirements for measuring
Fluctuating gas quality may entail poor operating eco-
accuracy and frequency and safety issues.
nomy, unstable production and, at worst, breakdown of operations. We offer advice on biogas, natural gas, town gas and hydrogen. We can also calculate the physical properties and combustion engineering data of an actual gas composition. Methane emission If a biogas or natural gas fired engine emits less methane than an average engine, it is possible to apply for a reduction of the methane tax already paid. We review emission issues and help investigate possibilities
In Denmark, only few gas accidents occur, and DGC contributes to maintaining this high level of safety.
of having some of the paid methane taxes refunded. In addition, we also provide assistance concerning regulatory issues, calculation of estimates and assessment of the emissions.
| 3 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
Contact us - for further information.
Torben Kvist Head of Projects tkv@dgc.dk +45 2146 9506
�
DGC provides the gas sector with the necessary expert knowledge that is essential for the development of the future gas solutions. Pernille H. Resen Director of Operations NGF Nature Energy
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 4 |
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
Choice of boiler installation We give advice on how to choose the most energyefficient solution for heating with gas, in relation to replacement of existing gas boiler as well as new installations. We have two calculation programmes available: Gaspro energy calculation for energy-efficient choice of domestic gas boilers, and Gaspro SA for calculation of annual efficiency and savings on energy, economy and CO2 of energy improvements of commercial and industrial boiler plants. Our list of energy labelled gas boilers according to the Ecodesign
DGC developed and operates the website www.gasbiler.info providing information on gas vehicles and gas filling stations in Denmark.
regulations for labelling of energy efficiency will be useful for homeowners and professionals.
Gas in the transport sector There is an increasing international interest in using natural gas and biogas in the transport sector for road transport as well as for shipping. The Danish energy policy is also planning for natural gas to be used in heavy-duty vehicles, as e.g. buses and trucks. DGC has closely followed developments in the transport sector for many years, and we provide knowledge on vehicles, engine technology, environmental aspects, safety, standards and regulations and other regula-
The Danish gas grid comprises approx. 4,000 km steel pipes and 16,400 km plastic pipes. We offer advice on standards and regulations.
tory issues. Combustion and thermodynamics
Gas pipelines and metering
We base our wide range of consultancy services on
DGC provides services and knowhow relating to stan-
specific customer needs. Our services extend from
dards and regulations for gas pipelines and gas me-
review of your plant, trouble-shooting, calculation of
tering. We give advice on specifications of gas pipe-
estimates and assessments to calculation of advanced
lines, gas quality requirements, surveillance and main-
models for specially designed burners or of heat trans-
tenance of gas pipelines, prevention of excavation
fer. In every step of our consultancy services, we use
damages, capacity calculations, addition and control
our specialist knowhow on flow engineering, combus-
of odorant (odorous substance), inspection and cali-
tion technology and thermodynamics. If necessary,
bration of gas meters, as well as requirements for
we make supplementary tests or measurements.
metering accuracy of consumption billing. We carry out special onsite measurements of the water dew point of gas, Wobbe index etc., and we offer continuous gas analysis by gas chromatography. | 5 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
Gas in the energy system DGC is actively contributing to giving society the greatest possible benefit of the gas system and the gas. We provide consultancy services to authorities and other stakeholders on optimal energy-efficient solutions with gas and in combination with gas. We have the overall view of the existing gas system from gas fields and biogas plants to the point of consumption of the gas. We put this knowledge into action when, for instance, we evaluate future changes to the energy system.
CASE Electricity and gas in interaction Is it possible to utilise surplus wind and solar power for heating houses with gas boilers? DGC is testing this in selected smart energy solutions with electric heating elements connected with gas boilers. In this development and demonstration project, funded by EUDP, DGC and four partners are investigating the potential for integrating the technology in a future smart energy system.
We advise authorities and other stakeholders on energy-efficient solutions where gas is combined with renewable energy sources.
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 6 |
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
ANALYSES CREATING VALUE We provide a wide range of technical measurement solutions and analyses primarily aimed at the energy sector. Emission measurements DGC offers accredited emission measurements to help gas, oil and biomass fired plants comply with requirements for documentation of compliance with
We analyse gas samples by means of gas chromatography, here a sample from the North Sea.
relevant environmental legislation. Our experienced
ment projects on green gases. The test centre is esta-
measurement technicians based in Aalborg and Hørs-
blished under the Danish Green Labs DK programme.
holm (north of Copenhagen) are ready to service the entire country with our mobile measuring equipment.
DGC’s experience with analyses helps our customers find solutions to special problems, e.g. operational
We are specialised in documenting emissions relating
problems related to varying gas quality caused by a
to environmental taxes, as for instance NOx and
new supply situation with biogas or gas from Ger-
methane, to help our customers achieve a refund
many, or problems concerning correct billing of biogas.
of the overpaid tax. We measure emissions such as
We can take our most advanced gas measuring equip-
odour and formaldehyde from combustion processes.
ment into the field, for example in order to track the gas quality for a certain period to determine if un-
We focus on methane emissions, because loss of gas
stable performances of an industrial installation
to the environment means operational losses, and
might be related to variations in gas quality.
because methane is a very harmful greenhouse gas. DGC provides leak detection at biogas and upgrading
Analysis of gas quality
plants, meter and regulator stations, filling stations as
DGC offers a wide range of analyses of gas quality,
well as plants with other hydrocarbons than methane.
covering the typical analysis of composition and calculation of calorific value as well as analysis of special
Test centre for green gases
components of the gas. We make accredited analyses
DGC runs a test centre with laboratory facilities for
in our advanced gas laboratory, or we can take our mo-
analysis of green gases, such as hydrogen, biogas and
bile analysis equipment into the field, for instance in the
gasification gas. Our analyses cover the main compo-
case of validation of systems for monitoring gas quality
nents and trace elements like siloxanes and ammonia.
in the gas grid (quality trackers), or in the case of valida-
The test centre supports the development of an energy
tion of systems for determination of calorific value.
system independent of fossil fuels. These analytical skills relating to green gases support DGC’s consultan-
The typical customers are manufacturers of gas,
cy services and promote our participation in develop-
owners of energy plants and gas pipelines, and the
| 7 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
industry. They use the analyses for documentation of calorific value, CO2 emission factor and compliance with other quality parameters. Test of appliances In our laboratory, we can test different gas-fired appliances for function and compliance with a number of parameters. These tests include documentation of noise, efficiency, electricity consumption, electricity production and emissions. We work with all gaseous fuels, including oil and methanol. The laboratory has a flexible design and a cooling capacity of 1 MW for long-term testing, so we are able to handle large appliances as well. Our laboratory is also used for test of prototypes and for development projects. So in addition to typical appliances, such as boilers, cookers and gas grills, we test fuel cells, gas meters and new methods for e.g. cleaning the gas of trace elements.
CASE Measurements at the ferry Menja One of DGC’s assignments in 2015 proved positive for dieselSaver Marine, a supplier of equipment for marine fuel treatment. This equipment is installed at Menja, the ferry servicing the Esbjerg-Fanø route. During a 6-month-period DGC measured flue gas emissions from the ferry’s diesel engine once a month. These measurements documented the equipment’s favourable effect on the NOx emission of the engine.
Contact us - for further information.
The car ferry Menja Photo: Færgen
Leo van Gruijthuijsen Head of Laboratory lvg@dgc.dk +45 2913 3761
Steen D. Andersen Measurement Technician sda@dgc.dk +45 2967 2555
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 8 |
Contact us - for further information.
Jytte S. Nielsen Project Manager jsn@dgc.dk +45 2016 9607
�
EC Power has worked together with DGC on several projects concerning energy efficiency, gas safety and test of efficiency. We have always been treated respectfully and professionally, and we are very pleased to have the opportunity to draw on their extensive knowledge about technical issues relating to gas. DGC is by far the most competent test partner we have ever worked with. Martin Frydenlund Sales Engineer EC POWER A/S
| 9 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
Leif E. Frandsen Project Manager lef@dgc.dk +45 3051 7441
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
FOCUS ON SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT We approve gas appliances, issue ecodesign certificates and verify annual CO2 emission reports. Approval of gas appliances Gas appliances for e.g. cooking, heating and hot water production must be approved prior to being placed on the market in the EU. DGC provides this approval of gas appliances according to the Gas Appliances Directive. Our services include assessments of: • Appliances that were originally approved for
natural gas, but are now going to be used
for town gas.
• Incorporation of forced draught burners and
heating bodies (boilers etc.).
• Safety, controlling and regulating devices
designed to be incorporated into gas appliances.
The necessary tests can be made in DGC’s laboratory, in another laboratory, or on the installation site if needed. DGC will issue a certificate covering the appliances that complies with the requirements in
force. On the basis of this certificate the manufacturer may affix the CE marking on the appliance. Thus the consumer is assured that the essential safety and health requirements are observed. Documentation of the efficiency of gas boilers Today, heat generators below 400 kW, such as gas boilers, oil boilers and mini cogeneration space heaters, must comply with the ”Ecodesign” Regulation to be sold on the European market. The purpose of the Regulation is to ensure that the appliances meet minimum requirements for energy efficiency. DGC offers guidance to manufacturers and boiler suppliers about the ecodesign requirements, and our laboratory is accredited for the necessary testing and measuring of the efficiency of the appliances. We can also issue certificates to document compliance with the requirements. CO2 verification and auditing of management systems DGC verifies the annual CO2 emission reports from approx. 120 of the plants in Denmark that are regulated by the EU Emission Trading System Directive. Installations with a total rated thermal input of more than 20 MW must monitor and report their greenhouse gas emissions. They are required to have these reports verified by an impartial entity. DGC acts as verifier on behalf of Lloyd’s Register Quality Assurance (LRQA). DGC also acts as auditor and technical expert on behalf of LRQA in connection with occupational health and safety, environmental and energy management systems, primarily in areas covered by ISO 14001, OSHAS 18001 and ISO 50001. These audits are carried out onshore and offshore on the production platforms.
In our laboratory we test gas appliances in relation to security, functionality, efficiency and environmental impact.
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 10 |
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
READY FOR THE FUTURE We work on research, development and demonstration projects relating to the future green gases in the gas grid. Over a short period of time a number of biogas plants have started to supply biogas to the gas grid in the form of upgraded biogas (biomethane), and in the course of a few years both gasification gas and hydro-
DGC actively works for integrating gasification gas from biomass in the future energy system.
gen are expected to be contributing to the supply of green gas injected into the gas grid. DGC is investiga-
Gasification gas
ting and solving specific technical questions regar-
A thermal, low-oxygen gasification process converts
ding the suitability of the gas system for green gases.
biomass into a combustible gas. This gas can be used
We participate in Danish as well as foreign research,
for generation of electricity and process heat, it can
development and demonstration (RD&D) activities
be converted into methane or be converted to fuel for
and partnerships in this area.
the transport sector. After methanisation the gasification gas can be upgraded to natural gas quality
Our development activities include:
(Synthetic Natural Gas, SNG). SNG from biomass is
• Adaptation of different green gases to ensure
fossil free and CO2 neutral natural gas that can be
distributed in the Danish gas system.
a uniform gas in all networks.
• The ability of existing gas appliances to handle
a gas supply of varying gas qualities.
For several years, DGC has been looking into technical
• Cleaning and upgrading processes that convert
and financial aspects of the use of gasification in Den-
mark and has been involved in international activities
green gases to a common standard (e.g. methane).
• Combinations of natural gas and different
as well. With support from The Energy Technology
renewable energy technologies, e.g. heat pumps,
Development and Demonstration Programme (EUDP)
solar, micro cogeneration.
DGC has established the Partnership for Thermal
• Potential for green gases based on biomass
Gasification, which aims to co-ordinate, strengthen
and focus the Danish RD&D activities towards optimal
and wind.
• How to divide the gas grid into sections to
use of thermal gasification in the Danish energy
system in future. Read more about the partnership
have off-grid operation of local gas networks.
• Application of the gas grid as energy storage for
electricity produced by wind power and solar cells,
including the possibilities of Power-to-Gas
technology.
| 11 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
at www.forgasning.dk (in Danish only).
Gas of the future The research project FutureGas will ensure better integration of gas in the Danish energy system for the benefit of the climate. The project aims to promote: • Efficient and profitable gas supply – including green gases. • Efficient and flexible use of these gases. Contact us
• Optimal integration of gas in the overall energy system,
- for further information.
including energy-efficient and profitable interaction of
the heating, electricity, industry and transport sectors.
The Technical University of Denmark is project manager of FutureGas, and a large number of Danish and European universities and companies are participating in the project, among others the Danish gas companies and DGC. Per G. Kristensen Head of Business Development pgk@dgc.dk +45 2129 2086
Innovation Fund Denmark supports the FutureGas project, which is scheduled to run for the period 2016-2020 with a total budget of 33.4 million DKK (4.5 million Euro).
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 12 |
CONSULTANCY || MEASUREMENT || CERTIFICATION || DEVELOPMENT
Development of equipment and process adjustment
initiatives necessary to develop a commercial hydro-
DGC provides consulting and laboratory services for
gen technology by 2050. DGC is active in implemen-
the commercial and industry sectors in connection
ting the hydrogen technology. We have studied how
with new development of gas-fired equipment and
the gas grid and gas appliances are reacting when
appliances. Tests and measurements in our laborato-
being exposed to different concentrations of hydro-
ry will facilitate the adjustment of equipment for any
gen. For that purpose we have a unique test facility in
given process and also document energy efficiency
connection with our laboratory for the examination of
and environmental parameters. DGC also provides
the effect on natural gas pipes having been exposed
assistance in the form of verification measurements,
to hydrogen for a long period.
monitoring and optimization of operation, when the equipment is installed in the field.
DGC offers advice on all aspects concerning transportation, storage and use of hydrogen, including autho-
Hydrogen
rity issues as well as safety and environmental issues.
The hydrogen and fuel cell technology offers not
DGC is a member of the Partnership for hydrogen and
only flexibility and potential for interaction between
fuel cells; chairman of Danish Standards’ committee
renewable energy forms, but also challenges such as
on hydrogen and fuel cells; Danish representative in
lack of profitability and components still under devel-
IEA’s committee on hydrogen, and carry out CE certifi-
opment. DGC’s RD&D activities are substantiating the
cation of hydrogen-powered fuel cells.
Gas II (biomethane/hydrogen) Working range of gas mixtures
0,9 0,8
fa eo ar Sh
as
0,5
fG
eo
ar
0,6
Sh
0,7
ir
Ignition range
1
II
0,4 0,3 0,2
DGC can calculate flammability limits of gas mixtures, here biomethane and hydrogen. The ignition range is far from the working range, so there is no danger of ignition.
0,1 0 Air
Gas I Share of Gas I
| 13 | Danish Gas Technology Centre
(biomethane)
Danish Gas Technology Centre | 14 |
ABB Arla Taulov Atlas Incinerators Bergen Engines Denmark Blue Point Pellets Christian Hansen COWI CTR Danfoss Danish Malting Group Dansk Energirådgivning Dansk Gas Forening Dantherm Power DBI Gas- und Umwelttechnik DONG Energy DTU Chemical Engineering DTU Energikonvertering E.ON Biofor Sverige E.ON Danmark Ea Energianalyse EC POWER Energiforsk Energinet.dk Energistyrelsen Force Technology Frederikshavn Kraftvarmeværk Garderkasernen Høvelte Gastech-Energi GE Jenbacher GERG GREENHYDROGEN.DK Grønlands Elmyndighed H2 Logic Haldor Topsøe Hedensted Fjernvarme Hess Denmark Hjørring Varmeforsyning HMN GasNet HMN Gassalg HOFOR HS Tarm Industrivarme Insero International Gas Union IRD JPH Energi KEMA Nederland
Danish Gas Technology Centre Dr. Neergaards Vej 5B DK-2970 Hørsholm Denmark Tel +45 2016 9600 E-mail dgc@dgc.dk www.dgc.eu
Kongerslev Fjernvarme Kosan Gas Københavns Kommune Lloyd’s Register Malmberg Water MAN Diesel & Turbo Marcogaz Max Weishaupt Miljøstyrelsen Milton Megatherm Mærsk Olie og Gas NGF Nature Energy Nibe Varmeværk NISSEN energi teknik Novo Nordisk Nukissiorfiit Partnerskab for brint og brændselsceller Passat Energy Petersen Tegl Pon Power Randers Tegl Ribe Biogas Robert Bosch Scania SEAS-NVE SEGES SGS-RUK Shinfuji Burner Siemens Sikkerhedsstyrelsen Silkeborg Forsyning Skangass Smørum Kraftvarme Støvring Kraftvarmeværk Teknologisk Institut Topdanmark Forsikring Total Uniper Technologies Vaillant Group Vegger Bioenergi Viessmann Volvo Powertrain Corporation Wärtsilä Danmark Xergi Aalborg Gasforsyning Aalborg Universitet København
Design: DGC • Print: VIBLA • Photos: Jean Schweitzer, Søren Svendsen, etc.
Selection of customers