36
Fundamentals of Esthetic Implant Dentistry
Figure 2.19.
Different types of receptor bed sites: cortical, perforated, and decorticated.
A
B
C
Figure 2.20. A. CT scan showing a defective osseous site. B, C. Horizontal and axial CT scan images showing the amount of osseous defect.
D
E
F
Figure 2.20. D. Facial view for the missing anterior teeth that shows the amount of bone loss. E. Incisal view of the osseous defect. F. The mucoperiosteal ap reected showing severe horizontal osseous defect.
of genetically engineered growth factors is another important advancement, because growth factors are essential for regulating regeneration (Chai and Slavkin 2003). Recombinant growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteogenic protein-1, are currently in clinical use in orthopedic surgery. However,
these growth factors have been used experimentally for oral reconstructive surgery. A more recent development is the application of gene therapy to provide sustained release of these growth factors in the local environment. This is a therapeutic modality involving transfer of a speciďŹ c DNA fragment