Murfreesboro Anniversary by The Daily News Journal

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Postcards of Murfreesboro - Today

Contents

Why city’s history still matters

2 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL

When agriculture was king

Psychic does some crystal ball gazing

Sites help keep the past present

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KEEPING THE PAST PRESENT

Reenactors shoot a Model 1841 six-pounder cannon at Stones River Battlefield in this 2009 photo. Reenactments and tours are among the activities the battlefield offers to keep the city’s history alive for future generations. DNJ FILE

Teachers, local sites emphasize why city’s history matters

Elizabeth Merritt listens as two reenactors recall the battle at Stones River Battlefield. DNJ FILE 4 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL

By Mealand Ragland-Hudgins

Political leader Marcus Garvey once said, “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.” As Murfreesboro celebrates its 200th anniversary, several local agencies and groups exist for the sole purpose of keeping the past present, making sure that the city’s origins and progression into the vibrant city it is today isn’t just something that happened “back then” and holds principles that can be learned from.

Antoinette van Zelm, a historian with the Tennessee Civil War National Heritage Area, works with MTSU’s Center for Historic Preservation and the Heritage Center of Murfreesboro and Rutherford County to keep the area’s past as a point of interest for visitors and locals alike. “We do workshops with teachers about how to use local history in the classrooms. We host field trips,” van Zelm said while at the Heritage Center’s office in Downtown Murfreesboro. “We get a lot of our visitors from the (Stones River) battlefield

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because of the number of people it draws. Our goal here really is to whet people’s appetite about what treasures we have here and get them out to the (historic) sites.” The Heritage Center offers walking tours around the Public Square and a map with 22 points of interest for those interested in a driving tour. The wall map of the driving tour stops inside the center’s office on West College Street always sparks conversation, van Zelm added, but the walking tour is her favorite. “People who have lived here for a really long time or have family roots here have all kinds of stories about places around the Square. We probably learn more from them than they learn from us, but that can be a good thing. It enhances the tours and we can share what they share with us,” she said. MTSU’s Center for Historic Preservation may be based locally, but its work stretches much further. Led by Van West, the CHP has helped businesses, civic and faith-based groups across the state and country to complete nominations for registers of historic places, tourism publications, conferences and exhibit organizations. Christy Moore teaches fourth- and fifth-grade social studies at Murfreesboro’s McFadden School of Excellence. During the year, fifth-grade students cover the Civil War, including the Battle of Stones River. Fourthgrade studies focus on Native Americans, Tennessee’s early settlers and famous Tennesseans. State standards don’t place much emphasis on local history, but rather call for students to have an understanding of Tennessee history as a whole. “History is all around us. Learn from actually going to the places instead of a book. Storytelling or

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McFadden School of Excellence students hold a sit-in in front of Bradley Academy and Museum after marching in peaceful protest against unhealthy foods. McFadden social studies teacher Christy Moore said the museum is one of her favorite local field trip destinations. DNJ FILE

interviewing people from Murfreesboro that have actually lived through history, which is everyone,” Moore said, adding that Bradley Academy and Museum is one of her favorite places to take students, especially when studying Civil Rights. Many of Murfreesboro’s most popular annual events are also steeped in history. Heritage Days at Cannonsburgh Pioneer Village and Oaklands Historic House Museum, and living history reenactments at the Stones River Nantional Battlefield are among them. Even Rutherford County’s largest entertainment event — Uncle Dave Macon Days — is built on the fabric of past entertainers and music. — Mealand Ragland-Hudgins, 615-278-5189

Dylan Casey learns how to wash clothes with soap and a scrub board during Oaklands annual Days of Washing, Churning & Learning. DNJ FILE THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 5

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OUR FUTURE

Psychic says city will ‘grow sky high’ By Samantha E. Donaldson MURFREESBORO —

When settlers founded the city they likely never could have foreseen how and what Murfreesboro would develop into today. So how can we know what the city will look like years from now? Miss Mary the Amazing Psychic (who insists that’s her real name and who runs her shop on Northwest Broad Street) offered her predictions of what Murfreesboro will be like in the years to come.

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» Population boom Miss Mary said the city will “grow sky high” and that “people from the north and the east will want to come to Tennessee over the next six to seven years. “Murfreesboro is going to grow, not double, but triple its size,” the psychic said.

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seven or eight years, maybe even 10. She predicts this company will change the makeup of the city. » Jobs increase Due to the increase in population, there will be need for more housing, more schools and more shopping. Miss Mary said Murfreesboro will be the No. 1 community in the state. She warns that without bringing in activities, such as fairs, carnivals, and even an amusement park, people will begin to leave, however. » Progress In about 10 to 20 years,

the focus will change from preserving to progressing. “They will continue building,” Miss Mary said. “They will tear down the old buildings to make Murfreesboro more modern and sophisticated.” She said residents should look forward to bigger buildings and newer, modern architecture. Beyond that, Miss Mary could not give much information. She is available to do psychic readings at 5530 N.W. Broad St. — Samantha E. Donaldson, 615-2785155

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Celebrating 200 Years of Growth From Cannonsburgh to The Avenue, from agriculture to manufacturing, Murfreesboro has seen a few changes in its 200-year history. A rich history, our music, our people and so much more combine to make this a great place to work, live and play – today and for years to come.

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KNOWING GOD

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THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 7

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POSTCARDS OF TODAY

Josephine Harrington, 3, jumps from block to block at the water lily pond at the the Discovery Center in Murfreesboro. HELEN COMER/DNJ

A car drives by the entrance of the new Middle Tennessee Medical Center that was completed in 2010. HELEN COMER/DNJ Tristan Jacobs, 5, plays on a floating sea creature at SportsCom pool, one of the city’s most popular summer destinations.

The fountain at Civic Plaza in downtown Murfreesboro. The NHC building in the background is the tallest building in downtown Murfreesboro. HELEN COMER/DNJ

The Raider Xpress takes on more passengers at one of its stops on the MTSU campus near downtown Murfreesboro. HELEN COMER/DNJ

Sarah Zapotocky rides her bike along the Stones River Greenway in Murfreesboro. HELEN COMER/DNJ

The past is present: Murfreesboro a window of opportunity

HELEN COMER/DNJ

The new Student Union Building at MTSU is a highlight of the campus today. JOHN A. GILLIS/DNJ

Murfreesboro’s past cannot be celebrated without some recognition of its present. The city today is a bustling community enriched by historic individuals and stories, built on a foundation of education and on a future of growth and opportunity. Herewith are images from the present that define how far we’ve come and who we are today.

Traffic on Broad Street is an unfortunate side-effect of Murfreesboro’s popularity and prosperity. HELEN COMER/DNJ 8 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL

The gristmill at Cannonsburg Pioneer Village is a postcard out of time, enjoyed every day at the historic site. HELEN COMER/DNJ

The Embassy Suites Murfreesboro Hotel & Conference Center is one of the newer hotels in the area. HELEN COMER/DNJ

Justin Mitchell strolls by some of the shops at The Avenue Murfreesboro. HELEN COMER/DNJ

Rover buses pick up passengers at the hub on the corner of Burton and Walnut streets. JOHN A. GILLIS/DNJ THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 9

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OUR WORKFORCE

Agriculture was king in Murfreesboro By Scott Broden

Until just 20 years ago, agriculture was king in Murfreesboro. Early families such as the Murfrees, Lytles, Ruckers, Bateys, Blackmans and many others owned and farmed the land or raised cattle, said John Lodl, who is director of the Rutherford County Archives. “Cotton was a big product,” Lodle said of Murfreesboro’s 200-year history. “We had big planta10 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL

tions and a large slave population. We fit the stereotype of the South. Plantation owners tended to be land speculators. They were constantly buying and selling and adding other properties.” The Oaklands Plantation had around 1,500 acres. “Slaves built the houses,” said Lodle, noting that about half of Murfreesboro’s population were slaves. “They were the labor force, from working the fields to con-

structing the houses and buildings. They would have been an integral part of the Public Square. You would have seen the enslaved people among everybody else. They had to fetch the water from the wells, chop the firewood, so they didn’t exactly live in the shadows of society.” Not everybody owned slaves. Many small family farms or shops had no slaves. There were also some “free persons of color,” but there weren’t many, Lodle added.

ABOVE: John L. Batey unloads feed corn to put in a silo on his family farm.

LEFT: Brandon Whitt and John L. Batey place a reflector on the back of a tractor before getting on the road to drive to the field. PHOTOS BY HELEN COMER/DNJ

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OUR WORKFORCE

Agriculture was king in Murfreesboro By Scott Broden

ABOVE: John L. Batey unloads feed corn to put in a silo on his family farm.

LEFT: Brandon Whitt and John L. Batey place a reflector on the back of a tractor before getting on the road to drive to the field. PHOTOS BY HELEN COMER/DNJ

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Among those still in agriculture today are John L. Batey, who operates the oldest family farm here, passed down from generation to generation in the county. “I’m the sixth generation from 1807,” said Batey, whose farm at Blackman and Baker roads was established by his greatgreat-great-great grandfather James C. Bass. “He was one of the first settlers here. The Blackmans came in the next year in 1808.” Batey is also a direct descendent of Alfred Blackman, who was one of the brothers who came here to claim their father’s land grant for service during the Revolutionary War; and Capt. William Batey, who came here to claim a Revolutionary War land grant at about the same time as the Blackman family, which provided the namesake of the Blackman community on the west side of the Murfreesboro area. “The labor force has been great,” said Batey, who is also chairman of Consolidated Utility District’s Board of Directors. “Agriculture was named the No.1 industry in Rutherford County until 1991 ... Since then, industrial has had most of the workforce.” Batey, who also developed part of his farmland into Jamison Downs housing subdivision, said many people move here for jobs because this county continues to offer an attractive quality of life. “It’s an excellent place to live,” said Batey, a graduate of Central High School in 1960 and MTSU in 1974 as an agriculture business major. “It has a lot of character. We’ve kept a lot of the heritage in all these different communities. It’s been passed down.” By the end of the 1800s, the city took a big step toward industry when a cedar bucket factory

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Pat Murphy manages General Mills/Pillsbury on Butler Drive, one of Murfreesboro’s largest employers. DNJ PHOTO

Amazon employees celebrate the first shipment from the new Murfreesboro fulfillment center in early October. SUBMITTED

opened where Cannonsburgh Pioneer Village is located. “By the early 1900s, it was a thriving industry,” Lodle said. “The reason we’re on the map is they built the world’s largest cedar bucket.” The rebuilt bucket is on display, but the original version was damaged in a fire. “By the 1920s, we were known as the dairy capital of the world, so we went from cotton to dairy,” said Lodle, noting the Carnation milk plant opened around 1927 and its smoke stack still stands today at Memorial and Old Fort Parkway where the Haynes Lumber business is located. Heritage Farms Dairy is still doing business along New Salem Highway. And food packaging remains strong in Murfreesboro, when counting the General Mills plant off Butler Drive off South Church Street. MTSU’s roots extend to 1911, continuing a tradi-

tion in education at what used to be a college for women on the grounds where Central Magnet School exists today. MTSU these days serves more than 26,000 students with a workforce of more than 2,000. A Coca-Cola Bottling plant had existed where the Discovery Center at Murfree Springs is located. Other factories have come and gone, such as General Electric, which opened in the 1950s with company spokesman and future U.S. President Ronald Reagan coming for the occasion. Samsonite and Chromalox also had factories at one time. State Farm also opened a large white-collar office to examine claims in the 1950s, and this company still has a strong presence here. The city has also emerged as a strong health-care center, serving as home to National Healthcare Corp. Middle Tennessee Medical Cen-

ter got its start in 1927 as Rutherford Hospital on Highland Avenue, and the new MTMC continues to thrive at its new location along Medical Center Parkway in the city’s Gateway area. Murfreesboro Medical Clinic also opened a new office in the Gateway area, along with many other health-care providers. Rutherford County Chamber of Commerce President Paul Latture expects the future labor force to remain strong, provided that locals schools do a good job providing the skills that workers will need. “We've grown from an agricultural-based one with what we are today with advanced manufacturing, food processing, distribution and logistics,” Latture said. “Health care has been an emerging industry here. I think our workforce has done a great job in keeping up with that.” — Scott Broden, 615-278-5158

Samsonite was one of the city’s former factories. DNJ FILE

The York VA Medical Center has been a major employer here since the 1930s. DNJ FILE THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 11

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KEEPING THE PAST PRESENT

Ariel Hammers, 12, and her sister Lesli, 14, wade in Maney Spring during a living history program at Oaklands Historic House Museum. Built in the early 1800s, Oaklands served as a private residence for Sallie Murfree Maney, the daughter of Revolutionary War Col. Hardy Murfree, and her husband Dr. James Maney. • Online: http://oaklandsmuseum.org/ HELEN COMER/DNJ

Sites provide living history lessons for children, tourists By Doug Davis

MURFREESBORO — History

is kept alive at various historical sites and museums in Murfreesboro, thanks to the dedication of their staffs and preservationists who recognized the importance of lessons learned for future generations. The next two pages provide a look at some of the more popular sites and their place in history. People walk the grounds and take portraits at Cannonsburgh Village. Located at 312 S. Front St. in downtown Murfreesboro, Cannonsburgh is a reconstructed Southern village with a gristmill, one-room schoolhouse, town hall, log home and church that was erected as part of the country’s 200th bicentennial in 1976. Events take place here throughout the year, including Pioneer Days in April, Uncle Dave Macon Days old-time music festival in July and Harvest Days in October. • Online: www.murfreesborotn.org (select Recreation facilities and Cannonsburgh HELEN COMER/DNJ 12 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL

Rutherford County Courthouse Located on the Public Square in downtown Murfreesboro, the Rutherford County Courthouse is one of only six remaining Tennessee courthouses built before the Civil War. Today, the courthouse is

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listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the interior of the courthouse has been restored to its 19th century appearance. It now serves as the heart of Rutherford County’s government, including the office of county mayor. Around the courthouse are historic markers, monuments and memorials. Griffith Rutherford, for whom Rutherford County is named is honored with a monument. There is a Confedrate memorial, recognizing those who lost their lives during the Civil War as well as a veterans memorial.

Rutherford County Archives Located at 435 Rice St. in downtown Murfreesboro, historians, genealogists and the curious can find a treasure trove of history at the 10,000square-foot Rutherford County Archives. The archives consists of all the county’s permanent records — birth certificates, death certificates, marriage licenses and tax documents. The building includes 5,000 square feet of climatecontrolled space for records, a reading room and a large room dedicated to document restoration and preservation. The facility is operated with the help of graduate students from MTSU and a variety of volunteers from the community.

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Visitors to the Stones River National Battlefield frequently stroll across land where soldiers stomped, slept and sacrificed their lives. The Battle of Stones River began on the last day of 1862 and was one of the bloodiest conflicts of the Civil War. In the end, the battle produced important military and political gains for the Union, especially as a lifeline with the railroad bearing supplies, and it was a jumping off point for the Union to move onto Chattanooga and Chickamauga. Anniversary programs will kick off Dec. 26 and continue through Jan. 2. For more information, go to www.nps.gov/stri/ HELEN COMER/DNJ Murfreesboro’s oldest school, Bradley Academy opened in 1809 as a school for white males. The institution can boast of nurturing an alumnus who became the 11th president of the United States in 1844 in the person of James K. Polk. Bradley Academy later became a school for black children. Today the building serves as a museum and cultural center and showcases several historical exhibits. Located at 415 S. Academy St. in Murfreesboro, the center celebrated 200 years of education in March 2009. In addition to the museum, the center serves as the site of the annual Juneteenth Street Festival in June and the Heritage Festival each October. • Online: http://bradleymuseum.com/ DNJ FILE PHOTO

A monument stands in the Stones River National Cemetery in solemn tribute to the many men who sacrificed their lives on the Murfreesboro battlefield 150 years ago. HELEN COMER/DNJ THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 13

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KEEPING THE PAST PRESENT

Devora Butler looks over photos featured in her book, “African Americans in Rutherford County.” DNJ FILE PHOTO

Local authors put ’Boro’s stories in print By Sandee Suitt

Murfreesboro has raised its share of authors in its 200-year history, inspiring writers of history and fiction. Contemporary writers have the benefit of being able to belong to a community of artists for inspiration. MTSU’s Writers Loft and the Murfreesboro Writers Group, which operates a blog and Facebook page, are both available to nurture authors’ creativity.

19th century The city’s most famous early writer, Mary Murfree, aka Charles Egbert Craddock, however, did not have such a luxury. Disabled, she spent more time reading than her more physically active contemporaries might have. The great-grand-

daughter of the city’s namesake, Col. Hardy Murfree, she was born in 1850, and took on a male pseudonym to publish her meticulously researched novels and short stories. A regular contributor to Atlantic Monthly, her hometown became the inspiration for her celebrated novel “Where the War Was Fought.”

20th century Another of Murfreesboro’s most famous writers, Henry Grantland Rice, concentrated his talent on sports writing, but he did it with a heroic flair that earned him fame and a historic marker in his hometown. Rice worked for The Tennessean before moving to the Northeast where he gained his fame. His most famous work involved a story about the Notre Dame vs. Army

game in 1924. Published in the New York Herald Tribune on Oct. 18, he described the Fighting Irish backfield as the “Four Horsemen” of Notre Dame.

Inspired by history Many other contemporary Murfreesboro authors stick closer to home in their work, inspired by the city’s past. The Historical Society of Murfreesboro is responsible for encouraging many of those writers, including local historians Michael Bradley and Shirley Farris Jones who wrote “Murfreesboro in the Civil War.” The Daily News Journal columnist and local attorney Greg Tucker has collected details of local history in his books, “Remembering Rutherford” and “Rutherford ... for Real.”

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Rutherford...for Real and Remembering Rutherford, by Daily News Journal columnist Greg Tucker, chronicle the real people, places and events that make this city and county so unique. DNJ

Science fiction and fantasy author Andre Norton, who wrote the popular "Witch World" series, is shown on Nov. 30, 1999, among the books of the High Hallack Genre Writer's Research and Reference Library in Murfreesboro, which she established. Norton died March 17, 2005. GANNETT TENNESSEE

John Lodl, left, and Bill Schacklett worked together on a book of photos of Murfreesboro “Then & Now.” Here they hold a picture of the Historic Square from the 1920s, while standing in the same spot in 2012.

THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL • 15

MTSU is committed to developing a community devoted to learning, growth, and service. We hold these values dear, and there’s a simple phrase that conveys them: “I am True Blue.” Blue and “True True Blue” Blue are the “II am True Blue” expressions of MTSU’s brand. It represents a studentcentric culture in all aspects of MTSU’s operations; M the University’s standing as an accessible, affordable a and quality institution; and its ggoal to provide the major comprehensive options and opportunities of a m small-college roots and university while retaining smallapproaches to student success. takes the True Blue Every new student at MTSU take pledge commits each Pledge at convocation. The pled

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16 • THE DAILY NEWS JOURNAL