UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE - ARCHITECTURE - YEAR 4 - 2013/14
HOSPICE
THE ‘AND’ CONDITION DR CRISTIAN SUAU
QUALITY OF LIFE (HEALTHCARE)
UK
LIFE
DEATH
THANATOS IN GREEK MYTHOLOGY, THANATOS (ANCIENT GREEK: ΘΆΝΑΤΟΣ, THÁNATOS, “DEATH,” FROM ΘΝῄΣΚΩ THNĒSKŌ, “TO DIE, BE DYING”) WAS THE PERSONIFICATION OF DEATH.
EPICURUS 341 BC – 270 BC GREEK PHILOSOPHER PLEASURE AS ABSENCE OF SUFFERING
La Autopsia Enrique Simonet 1890
THANATOLOGY THANATOLOGY IS THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF DEATH. IT INVESTIGATES THE MECHANISMS AND FORENSIC ASPECTS OF DEATH, SUCH AS BODILY CHANGES THAT ACCOMPANY DEATH AND THE POST-MORTEM PERIOD, AS WELL AS WIDER SOCIAL ASPECTS RELATED TO DEATH. IT IS PRIMARILY AN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY OFFERED AS A COURSE OF STUDY AT NUMEROUS COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. THE FIVE KÜBLER-ROSS STAGES IN FACING ONE’S TERMINAL ILLNESS: DENIAL, ANGER, BARGAINING, DEPRESSION, AND ACCEPTANCE.
PALLIATIVE CARE DEFINITION ACCORDING TO THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, “PALLIATIVE CARE IS AN APPROACH THAT IMPROVES THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES FACING THE PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH LIFE-THREATENING ILLNESS”, INVOLVING THE “TREATMENT OF PAIN AND OTHER PROBLEMS, PHYSICAL, PSYCHOSOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL”. WHO LINK TO THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION: http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en/
PALLIATIVE CARE: - PROVIDES RELIEF FROM PAIN AND OTHER DISTRESSING SYMPTOMS - AFFIRMS LIFE AND REGARDS DYING AS A NORMAL PROCESS; INTENDS NEITHER TO HASTEN OR POSTPONE DEATH - INTEGRATES THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF PATIENT CARE - OFFERS A SUPPORT SYSTEM TO HELP PATIENTS LIVE AS ACTIVELY AS POSSIBLE UNTIL DEATH - OFFERS A SUPPORT SYSTEM TO HELP THE FAMILY COPE DURING THE PATIENTS ILLNESS AND IN THEIR OWN BEREAVEMENT - USES A TEAM APPROACH TO ADDRESS THE NEEDS OF PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILIES, INCLUDING BEREAVEMENT COUNSELLING, IF INDICATED; - ENHANCES QUALITY OF LIFE, AND MAY ALSO POSITIVELY INFLUENCE THE COURSE OF ILLNESS
Concepto espacial Lucio Fontana 1964
THE CUT LIFE
LIFE
DEATH
Concepto espacial Lucio Fontana 1964
KEY BOOKS 1. WORPOLE, K. ‘MODERN HOSPICE DESIGN: THE ARCHITECTURE OF PALLIATIVE CARE’ (2009) 2. KÜBLER-ROSS, E. ‘ON DEATH AND DYING’ (1973) 3. FEIFEL, H. ‘NEW MEANINGS OF DEATH’ (1977) 4. FEIFEL, H. ‘THE MEANING OF DEATH’ (1965) 5. VERDERBER, S. ‘INNOVATIONS IN HOSPICE ARCHITECTURE’ (2006) 6. SARKIS, H. ‘LE CORBUSIER’S VENICE HOSPITAL AND THE MAT BUILDING REVIVAL’ (2002)
KEY QUESTION THERE IS NOT MUCH RESEARCH ON YOUTH DEATH IN ANY MEDICAL CURRICULUM. HOSPICE DESIGN SHOULD CONSIDER LIFEAND-DEATH ISSUES: FROM ‘CURE FOR PAIN’ TO THE ‘RIGHT TO DIE’.
HOW TO CARE THE DYING?
CURE FOR PAIN MORPHINE 1993
FIVE SELECTED FILMS
CURE FOR PAIN: THE MARK SANDMAN STORY (2011) SANDMAN LEFT AN INDELIBLE IMPRINT AS ONE OF THE MOST DISTINCTIVE MUSICIANS OF HIS GENERATION. ALONG WITH REVISITING THE “UNIQUE AND SULTRY SOUND” OF HIS MUSIC, THE FILM EXPLORES THE MEANING OF FAMILY THROUGH THIS CRITICALLY PRAISED AND PERSONALLY CONFLICTED SINGER, SONGWRITER AND INNOVATIVE INSTRUMENTALIST.
THE TRUMAN SHOW (1998) THE FILM CHRONICLES THE LIFE OF A MAN WHO IS INITIALLY UNAWARE THAT HE IS LIVING IN A CONSTRUCTED REALITY TELEVISION SHOW, BROADCAST AROUND THE CLOCK TO BILLIONS OF PEOPLE ACROSS THE GLOBE. TRUMAN BECOMES SUSPICIOUS OF HIS PERCEIVED REALITY AND EMBARKS ON A QUEST TO DISCOVER THE TRUTH ABOUT HIS LIFE.
CUBE (1997) THE FILM IS SET IN IDENTICAL CUBE-LIKE ROOMS (HENCE THE NAME) WITH EACH ROOM BEING A DIFFERENT COLOR (WHITE, BLUE, GREEN, AMBER AND RED), AND NO BACKGROUND STORY IS REVEALED FOR THE CHARACTERS OR THE REASON THEY WERE LEFT IN THE CUBE. THE FILM ALSO DOESN’T DEMONSTRATE ANY CLEAR PLOT REGARDING THE CUBE’S BACKGROUND, CREATION, PURPOSE AND ITS LOCATION. THE TIMEFRAME OF THE STORY IS ALSO LEFT UNKNOWN.
LEAVING LAS VEGAS (1995) DRAMA FILM DIRECTED AND WRITTEN BY MIKE FIGGIS, BASED ON A SEMI-AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVEL OF THE SAME NAME BY JOHN O’BRIEN. NICOLAS CAGE STARS AS A SUICIDAL ALCOHOLIC WHO HAS ENDED HIS PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL LIFE TO DRINK HIMSELF TO DEATH IN LAS VEGAS. WHILE THERE, HE FORMS A RELATIONSHIP WITH A HARDENED PROSTITUTE, PLAYED BY ELISABETH SHUE, WHICH FORMS THE CENTER OF THE FILM. O’BRIEN COMMITTED SUICIDE TWO WEEKS AFTER PRODUCTION OF THE FILM STARTED.
MAN ON WIRE (2008) ON AUGUST 7TH 1974, FRENCH TIGHTROPE WALKER PHILIPPE PETIT STEPPED OUT ON A HIGH WIRE, ILLEGALLY RIGGED BETWEEN NEW YORK’S WORLD TRADE CENTER TWIN TOWERS, THEN THE WORLD’S TALLEST BUILDINGS. AFTER NEARLY AN HOUR OF PERFORMING ON THE WIRE, 1,350 FEET ABOVE THE SIDEWALKS OF MANHATTAN, HE WAS ARRESTED. THIS FUN AND SPELLBINDING DOCUMENTARY CHRONICLES PHILIPPE PETIT’S “HIGHEST” ACHIEVEMENT.
THREE ARCHITECTURAL CASE STUDIES
VENICE HOSPITAL LE CORBUSIER (1965) THE VENICE HOSPITAL IS THE UNCONTESTED EPITOME OF THE “MAT, ”OR CARPET, BUILDING TYPE—A LOW SPRAWLING STRUCTURE DEVELOPED IN THE LATE FIFTIES AND SIXTIES THAT IS MAKING A STRONG COMEBACK IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE. PLANNED IN 1965 FOR THE ARSENAL AREA AT THE EDGE OF THE CITY, THE HOSPITAL WAS DESIGNED TO EXTEND THE CITY ’S ROADS AND CANAL NETWORKS, WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY TURNING IN ON ITSELF TO CREATE FLEXIBLE, QUASI- URBAN INTERIOR ENVIRONMENTS IN THE FORM OF ENDLESSLY REPEATING COURTYARDS.
GENERAL PLAN OF VENICE HOSPITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
SKETCH
CELL SECTION
MODULAR SYSTEM
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
NEW MODEL GROUND PLAN corridor
DIONISIO GONZALEZ - VENICE HOSPITAL LE CORBUSIER 1965 - 2011 - LIGHTBOX
AMSTERDAM ORPHANAGE ALDO VAN EYCK (1960) “THE BUILDING WAS CONCEIVED AS A CONFIGURATION OF INTERMEDIARY PLACES CLEARLY DEFINED. THIS DOES NOT IMPLY CONTINUAL TRANSITION OR ENDLESS POSTPONEMENT WITH RESPECT TO PLACE AND OCCASION. ON THE CONTRARY, IT IMPLIES A BREAK AWAY FROM THE CONTEMPORARY CONCEPT (CALL IT SICKNESS) OF SPATIAL CONTINUITY AND THE TENDENCY TO ERASE EVERY ARTICULATION BETWEEN SPACES, I.E., BETWEEN OUTSIDE AND INSIDE, BETWEEN ONE SPACE AND ANOTHER. INSTEAD, I TRIED TO ARTICULATE THE TRANSITION BY MEANS OF DEFINED IN-BETWEEN PLACES WHICH INDUCE SIMULTANEOUS AWARENESS OF WHAT IS SIGNIFIED ON EITHER SIDE.” ALDO VAN EYCK.
MODEL
GENERAL PLAN
DIAGRAM
ROOF DETAIL
PHOTOGRAPHY
PAIMIO HOSPITAL ALVAR AALTO (1932) AALTO’S STARTING POINT FOR THE DESIGN OF THE SANATORIUM WAS TO MAKE THE BUILDING ITSELF A CONTRIBUTOR TO THE HEALING PROCESS. HE LIKED TO CALL THE BUILDING A “MEDICAL INSTRUMENT”. PARTICULAR ATTENTION WAS PAID TO THE DESIGN OF THE PATIENT BEDROOMS: THESE GENERALLY HELD TWO PATIENTS, EACH WITH HIS OR HER OWN CUPBOARD AND WASHBASIN. AALTO DESIGNED SPECIAL NON-SPLASH BASINS, SO THAT THE PATIENT WOULD NOT DISTURB THE OTHER WHILE WASHING. THE PATIENTS SPENT MANY HOURS LYING DOWN, AND THUS AALTO PLACED THE LAMPS IN THE ROOM OUT OF THE PATIENTS LINE OF VISION AND PAINTED THE CEILING A RELAXING DARK GREEN SO AS TO AVOID GLARE.
GENERAL PLAN
PHOTO MODEL (1929) PHOTO BUILDING (1932)
INITIAL DRAWINGS ACROSS SECTION
PARKLANDS BORDER CONDITIONS COMPOSITION LANDSCAPE
GLASGOW GREEN FLATLAND
KELVINGROVE SLOPELAND