TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
III
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
V
INTRODUCTION
1
METHODOLOGY CHALLENGES CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT
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DRONES: AN OVERVIEW DRONES AND TARGETED KILLING AS A RESPONSE TO 9/11 PRESIDENT OBAMA’S ESCALATION OF THE DRONE PROGRAM “PERSONALITY STRIKES” AND SO-‐CALLED “SIGNATURE STRIKES” WHO MAKES THE CALL? PAKISTAN’S DIVIDED ROLE CONFLICT, ARMED NON-‐STATE GROUPS, AND MILITARY FORCES IN NORTHWEST PAKISTAN UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET: FATA IN CONTEXT PASHTUN CULTURE AND SOCIAL NORMS GOVERNANCE ECONOMY AND HOUSEHOLDS ACCESSING FATA
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CHAPTER 2: NUMBERS
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TERMINOLOGY UNDERREPORTING OF CIVILIAN CASUALTIES BY US GOVERNMENT SOURCES CONFLICTING MEDIA REPORTS OTHER CONSIDERATIONS THAT MAY LEAD TO CONFLICTING REPORTS LIMITED FIRST-‐HAND KNOWLEDGE UNREPORTED STRIKES STRIKE DATA AGGREGATORS THE LONG WAR JOURNAL NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION THE BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM
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