([SHULÅQFLD SU¼WLFD FRP D ORFDOL]D¾R DFÕVWLFD GDV 'HVFDUJDV 3DUFLDLV '3 HP WUDQVIRUPDGRUHV
M 121 122
8P QRYR VLVWHPD GH PHGL¾R WRUQD D ORFDOL]D¾R '3 HP WUDQVIRUPDGRUHV GH SRWÅQFLD GH XPD IRUPD PDLV IDFLOLWDGD GHYLGR » FRPELQD¾R GD WÄFQLFD GH PHGL¾R HOÄWULFD '3 H GD YLVXDOL]D¾R LQWXLWLYD ' GR REMHWR GH WHVWH
PD FRQVLGHU¼YHO HQWUH RV Y¼ULRV PDWH ULDLV EDVWLGRU PDGHLUD SDSHO DÂR SH WUÎOHR HQWUH RXWURV 2 VLQDO GH VRP SRGH DWLQJLU R VHQVRU GHVGH D IRQWH '3
6WHIDQ +RHN 3ÎV *UDGXD¾R HP (QJHQKDULD *HVWRU GH 3URGXWR 20,&521 7HFKQRORJLHV (VSDÌD 6 / 7HO )D[ ZZZ RPLFURQ DW
CASE STUDY
DR ORQJR GH Y¼ULDV WUDMHWÎULDV s GH GLIH UHQWHV YHORFLGDGHV s FRPR R UHVXOWDGR GRUHV GH FDPSR 1HVWH FDVR RV SURFH
GH IHQÎPHQRV GH UHƮH[¾R H UHIUD¾R
GLPHQWRV GH GHWH¾R H ORFDOL]D¾R '3
&RPR UHVXOWDGR XP HYHQWR '3
V¾R JHUDOPHQWH LQLFLDGRV FRPR R UHVXO
SRGH VHU GHWHWDGR LQÕPHUDV YH]HV SHOR
WDGR GDV LQGLFDÂÐHV FRUUHVSRQGHQWHV QD
PHVPR VHQVRU $ )LJXUD PRVWUD XPD
DQ¼OLVH J¼V HP ÎOHR 8P SURFHGLPHQWR
VREUHSRVL¾R GHVWH WLSR FRP EDVH QRV
HVWDEHOHFLGR SDUD D ORFDOL]D¾R GH GH
WUDMHWRV GH SURSDJD¾R GHPRQVWUDGRV
IHLWRV '3 QRV WUDQVIRUPDGRUHV HQYRO
QD )LJXUD
)LJXUD 3RVVÈYHLV WUDMHWÎULDV GH SURSDJD¾R
YH D ORFDOL]D¾R DFÕVWLFD GRV VLQDLV '3
GR VLQDO VRQRUR
XWLOL]DQGR PXLWRV VHQVRUHV SLH]RHOÄWUL
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FRV TXH RSHUDP QD JDPD GHVGH PÕOWL $V GHVFDUJDV SDUFLDLV V¾R UHVWULWDV ORFDO
SORV GH GH] D DOJXPDV FHQWHQDV GH N+]
PHQWH D IHQÎPHQRV GH GHVFDUJD TXH
H HVW¾R OLJDGRV » SDUHGH GR UHVHUYDWÎULR
SRGHP RFRUUHU HP ORFDLV GH IDOKDV QRV
DWUDYÄV GR H[WHULRU > @ $ DSOLFD¾R GHV
VLVWHPDV GH LVRODPHQWR &RPR UHVXOWD
WH SURFHGLPHQWR Ä GHVFULWD HP VHJXLGD
GR GD URWD¾R GH HQHUJLD QR ORFDO GD '3
DWUDYÄV GD DQ¼OLVH GH DOJXQV H[HPSORV
SRGH RFRUUHU XPD GHJUDGD¾R GR PDWH
SU¼WLFRV
ULDO GH LVRODPHQWR ,VWR SRGH OHYDU D XPD UHGX¾R GR WHPSR GH YLGD ÕWLO GH WRGDV
)LJXUD $ IRUPD GH VLQDO GR VHQVRU FRPR UHVXOWDGR GD VREUHSRVL¾R GH VLQDLV D SDUWLU GH
LQHVSHUDGD 1HVWDV FRQGLÂÐHV QRPHD
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GDPHQWH QRV WUDQVIRUPDGRUHV H[LVWH
$V 'HVFDUJDV 3DUFLDLV GHQWUR RX QD VX
1R HQWDQWR XPD YH] TXH R SHUFXUVR
XP ULVFR GH LJQL¾R GR ÎOHR LVRODQWH TXH
SHUIÈFLH GH XP PHLR GH LVRODPHQWR
GHƬQLGR GH SURSDJD¾R GH VLQDLV Ä GHV
GHYH VHU HYLWDGR D WRGR R FXVWR $ GHWH
HPLWHP SDUWH GD HQHUJLD TXH HOHV OL
FRQKHFLGR Q¾R SRGHP VHU WLUDGDV FRQ
¾R SUHFRFH GH IHQÎPHQRV '3 H D U¼SL
EHUWDP FRPR XPD RQGD DFÕVWLFD HVIÄ
FOXVÐHV GLUHWDV GHVGH D DPSOLWXGH H D
GD FRQFOXV¾R GDV UHSDUDÂÐHV Ä SRUWDQ
ULFD (VWD Ä LQLFLDOPHQWH SURSDJDGD GH
IRUPD GH VLQDLV JUDYDGRV VREUH R WLSR
WR GHYHUDV LPSRUWDQWH 4XDQWLƬFDU DV
IRUPD XQLIRUPH HP WRGDV DV GLUHÂÐHV
H D H[WHQV¾R GD IDOKD RX D LQWHQVLGDGH
PHGLÂÐHV GH 'HVFDUJD 3DUFLDO VHJXQGR
$ YHORFLGDGH GH SURSDJD¾R GHSHQGH
GRV HYHQWRV GH 'HVFDUJD 3DUFLDO QR OR
D ,(& Ä XP SURFHGLPHQWR HVWDEH
GR PHLR GH WUDQVPLVV¾R GD VXD WHPSH
FDO GD IDOKD
OHFLGR HP WRGR R PXQGR SDUD JDUDQWLU D
UDWXUD H GD IUHTXÅQFLD GR VRP $ TXDQ
TXDOLGDGH GRV WUDQVIRUPDGRUHV H Ä FRQ
WLGDGH GH HQHUJLD GR VLQDO DFÕVWLFR
FOXÈGD FRPR SDUWH GDV WDUHIDV GH PHGL
QHFHVV¼ULD SDUD DWLQJLU D SDUHGH GR UH
¾R GH URWLQD QDV I¼EULFDV GRV UHVSHWLYRV
VHUYDWÎULR Ä GHWHUPLQDGD HP JUDQGH
IDEULFDQWHV 6H GXUDQWH XPD PHGL¾R Ä
SDUWH DWUDYÄV GD WUDMHWÎULD GH SURSD
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HVWDEHOHFLGR TXH R '3 HVW¼ SUHVHQWH QR
JD¾R GH TXH D RQGD QHFHVVLWD $ FRQ
3RU H[HPSOR R QRYR VLVWHPD GH ORFD
WUDQVIRUPDGRU HVWH GHYH VHU ORFDOL]DGR
FH¾R GDV HVWUXWXUDV GHQWUR GR WUDQV
OL]D¾R GD 20,&521 3'/ PHGH VL
W¾R U¼SLGR H SUHFLVR TXDQWR IRU SRVVÈ
IRUPDGRU DWHQXD R VRP SDVVD EDL[R
QDLV DFÕVWLFRV XWLOL]DQGR Y¼ULRV VHQVR
YHO 2 PHVPR VH DSOLFD DRV WUDQVIRUPD
$ H[WHQV¾R GD DWHQXD¾R YDULD GH IRU
UHV HVSDOKDGRV SHOR WUDQVIRUPDGRU $
DV SHÂDV GR HTXLSDPHQWR R TXDO HVW¼ UHODFLRQDGR FRP R ULVFR GH XPD IDOKD
Y¼ULRV WUDMHWRV GH SURSDJD¾R