Buvana Murali Portfolio 2013 - 2020 by Buvana Murali

Volume 02

Portfolio 2013 - 2021

Buvana Murali Architect AIA

buvana.m@gmail.com 917-215-9106

Buvana Murali Architect AIA Licensed Architect in the NY state Masters in Urban and Regional Planning, UMich Ann Arbor Bachelor of Architecture, University of Mumbai

Email buvana.m@gmail.com

Website buvanamurali.com

About: Buvana Murali has over 15 years of experience leading design across disciplines of architecture, landscape, urban design and planning. In her current role as Senior Designer at Perkins Eastman New York, she is involved with the firms large scale mixed used projects, waterfront developments, adaptive reuse and transit oriented developments. Her work is deeply contextual, with a sensitivity to urban experience and a hands on approach to design - from early conceptual stages to later stages of delivering the project. Prior to joining Perkins Eastman, Buvana was a Designer at HOK where she was primarily involved in higher education and housing projects. Her work can be seen throughout the United States, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. A passionate urbanist and writer, she is part of the editorial team and a key contributor to the magazine MyLiveableCity and has authored several articles featured in it. Her essays on affordability are included in the book “Affordable Housing, Inclusive Cities” published by ORO Editions. She is an avid photographer with work that has been showcased in several exhibitions. Her photographs can be seen on her website. She is also involved with the Women’s Leadership Initiative at Perkins Eastman and provides mentor-ship to young designers within the industry. She is a registered Architect in the State of New York and is a member of the American Institute of Architects.

Projects 2019 - ongoing

2017 - 2018

The Studios at 31st Street Pittsburgh

2019 - ongoing

Station Square Raleigh

The Stacks Pittsburgh

2019 - ongoing

Transit Center Charlotte

2016

Chestnut Ridge Brooklyn, New York

2016

The Kent Newark

2016 - 2017

2014

2013 - 2015

Vanke Innovation Garden Beijing, China The Terraces Mumbai The Trees Mumbai

Competitions 2019

National Concert Hall for Vilnius Lithuania

2015

Womens Shelter for Nomi Network Bihar, India

Publications 2018

2014 onwards

April 2021

Affordable Housing, Inclusive City ORO Publications Several Articles for MyLiveableCity Unbuilt 2.0: Architecture of Future Collectives

projects

The Studios at 31st Street Taking cues from the industrial legacy of the context

The Studios at 31st Street are a cluster of existing warehouse buildings in Pittsburgh’s burgeoning Strip District. On a site steeped in history, tall floor heights and long spans have allowed the carcasses of an erstwhile steel mill to repurpose into film and television production studios. Our proposal ushers the site into its next era, converting much of the rich industrial heritage into a bustling tech hub and mixed-use district. The project salvages and adapts as much of the existing industrial fabric as possible. The skeletons of existing buildings are used as an armature for plugging in new development.

LOCATION Pittsburgh PROGRAM Mixed use, Office, Retail, Civic Center ,Public Realm, Parking SIZE Site Area: 8 Ac | 600,000 GSF STATUS Predesign services CLIENT North River Company 7

ROU

TE 2

THE SITE IN THE STRIP DISTRICT

The Strip District, Pittsburgh In the early 19th century, the Strip District was a bustling manufacturing area, a working waterfront and a vibrant node of commerce . It was home to many mills, factories and warehouses as its location along the Allegheny River made for easy transportation of goods and shipping of raw materials. The decline in manufacturing industry left the site THE NEIGHBORHOOD underutilized. More recently, the area has attracted a number of technology companies and become a hotbed for autonomous vehicle and robotics technology.

1923 MAP OF THE SITE

NEIGHBORHOOD STRE

THE STRIP DISTRICT HISTORICAL PHOTO

NORTH RIVER COMPANY

The Studios The unobtrusive sheds between 31st and 32nds streets have seen multiple lives, as have their counterparts doting the Strip. Their flexible organization, robust structure, and inexpensive materials allowed for many modifications for changing uses. For the last few years, they have been home to film and media houses that use the raw industrial space for production studios and rent them out to concerts and performing arts events.

34T

HER

33RD ST BRIDGE

EAZOR SQUARE

SASSAFRAS WAY

MLK JR. EAST BUSWA

THE STUDI0S: INDUSTRIAL CATHEDRALS

SMALLMAN ST

RIDG

ST B

RAILROAD ST

31ST

31ST ST

MULBERRY WAY

ALL

SPRUCE WAY

1500’

LIBERTY AVE

NY GHE

RIV

32ND ST

SPRING WAY

PENN AVE

33RD ST

30TH ST

EETS N

29TH ST

NORTH RIVER COMPANY

100

200

400

32n

tree

ilr oa

re et

Existing Condition Eight steel sheds currently span the site lengthwise connecting from street to street in one direction and street to waterfront in the other. They vary in age, height and span - most of them being 7080’ wide and 25’- 60’ tall. The only open -to-sky spaces on site are the Yards - a historical stockpiling yard along the 31st street bridge and an open area along the waterfront that the studios currently use as parking and laydown area for production equipment.

Str

32n

New Streets Streets are strategically “carved” out of existing buildings by removing roofs in the less efficient bays and creating connections that form the framework for the master plan. Putney alley traces a historic street and connects 31st and 32nd Streets.Makers Alley slices the site mid-block and brings the neighborhood to the waterfront.

tree

ilr oa d

Str

Framed by exposed steel skeletons, the streets offer an intimate scale for the shared public realm and create the frontage and address for the incoming programs. Designed as woonerfs they weave a network of passages and new doorways to activate the development.

32n

Public space Besides streets the masterplan has a variety of public spaces. The Yards forms the commons a multiuse space that is activated by a performing arts shed and a market. A revitalized waterfront street ties the site to Pittsburghs riverfront allows for access by boat. The waterfront skyline is a remarkable juxtaposition of old and new buildings that sets the development apart.

tree

ilr oa

re et

Str

32n

New Buildings In addition to salvaging and repurposing the existing sheds, three new conventional office buildings are proposed on site offering a diversity of product types.

tree

ilr oa d

Str

Ths plan is an assemblage of Key Places

IVER R Y HEN

A W R E V RI

MILL WALK

KEY PLACES

ALLEG

INNOVATION

N VIE

31ST ST MARQUEE

31ST 8

RID ST B

DOW

NTOW

BRIDGE STREET

NORTH RIVER COMPANY 12

32ND ST

FOUNDRY LANE

N ALLEY THE FOUNDRY RIALTO

THE YARD

31ST ST

SPRUCE WAY

RAILROAD ST

PUTNEY ALLEY

CRANE COURT

The proposal leverages the site’s waterfront location, the remarkable visibility from various vantage points, and the availability of robust existing large-span structures into a unique assemblage of old and new buildings.

The variety of buildings and spaces cater to a diversity of tenants, from non traditional “Maker Spaces” geared towards the city’s innovative start-up ecosystem to more traditional office stock for conventional clients. 14

Riverw

alk

Mill Walk

32n

Mak

The

31s

Illustrative Plan 16

nd Street

Railroad Street

kers Alley

Putney Alley

Crane Court

e Foundry

The master plan is sparked by a creative understanding and interpretation of program and place. The project centers on the creation of a walkable, humancentric district filled with exciting and unique moments that celebrate the site’s past and future. The focus is on extending and enhancing what is already present on the site, and revealing the life inside these impressive industrial ‘cathedrals’.

The Yards

st Street Bridge

3’

16’

32’

65’

The Yard At the core of the development, a campus commons is located in what was once an industrial lumber yard. Bordered on one side by the 31st street viaduct and anchored on the other by the Foundry - they together act as the public heart of the district and a living room for the neighborhood.

Top A mix of old and new buildings frame the Yards. Right The former steel skeleton is draped with a perforated exterior skin delineating its silhoutte and referencing the industrial materiality of the district. The diaphanous screen filters light and allows the structure to telegraph through. Large hangar style doors open out into the Yards inviting the public into the monumental space. 20

The Foundry The foundry is a central space of public assembly formed by carving new streets that wrap around the building. Its multifunctionality is further accentuated by its accessibility from all sides. It is designed to host multiple progrms including a Market Hall, Cafe, Co-working spaces and a community theatre/ performance space.

Left A variety of public programs lobbies, cafes and galleries open into Makers Alley, creating an enfilade Right The entire ground floor is glazed to create visiblity across the building along which boundaries are blurred 23

The Foundry The distinctive industrial character of the shed is articulated by its filigree roof trusses- their surfaces are left largely untreated . Remnants of its previous functions such as travelling cranes have been salvaged and incorporated into the space memorializing a past that was once the spirit of the District.

Mill Walk

Putney Alley

Railroad Street

Riverwalk

Makers Alley The axis that connnects Railroad Street to the Waterfront and strings together the public functions of the indivudual building programs 27

Connecting to the Alleghany waterfront

Top The metal panels of the facade are angled in response to the western sun.

Left An industrial portal formed by stripping the previous envelope and revealing the skeleton steel frame creates the gateway to Makers Alley. This is where the repurposed warehouse building meets the new office building. Bridges connect the two affording great vistas to the water down the alley. 31

Top / Left The two gable ends of the 220’ long former industrial sheds are infilled with multistorey glass. The facade is peeled back to create an entrance court marking the crossroads of 32nd street and Railroad Street. Salvaged industrial relics landmark these keys moments

Right The elevated 31st street viaduct marks the arrival coming from downtown Pittsburgh. Its bright blue soffit creates a distinctive ceiling at street level and offers a great backdrop for public art and creative community programming opportunities. 32

Waterfront Arrival The waterfront skyline is a remarkable juxtaposition of old and new buildings.

Water Street A lively reclaimed waterfront with the pictureque 31st Street bridge as a backdrop.

Water Street A shared street along the riverfront with potential waterside access

View Title: View Type 38

The Marquee The tower marquee acts as a beacon and billboard along the 31st street bridge.

Phase 1: Leading with public realm improvements The first phase enhances the existing Yards and a portion of the waterfront. Studio 5 - an underutilized shed is repurposed for office space and appended with a new office tower. Part of the Foundry is opened up for Food halls and cafes.

A flexible framework The key to this plan is its inbuilt versatility. The plan forsees the situation that the client may want part of the production facility to continue functioning alongside new office use. In fact this diversity and mix of programs maybe desirable to create a lively mixed use district that is active 24/7.

Studios 1 - 4 : Media production continues in these sheds uninterrupted.

Scenario A: A mix of production studios and new workplaces

Scenario B: New workplace with a variety of space configurations 43

The Stacks Beauty in frugality

The stacks at 3 Crossings is a pilot project revitalizing the former industrial zone in the Strip District in Pittsburgh. Perkins Eastman provided the Master Plan vision for the 12 acres site as well as core and shell renovation for the first phase of buildings. The transformed buildings set the tone for the larger master plan comprised largely of cowork spaces and act as catalysts for new developments in this rapidly evolving neighborhood.

LOCATION Pittsburgh SCOPE & PROGRAM Master Plan, Adaptive reuse, Office, Retail, Public realm SIZE 180,000 GSF | Plaza: 16,000 SF STATUS 2018 - 2021 Delivery CLIENT Oxford Development Company 45

Post-industrial landscape of underutilised warehouse buildings along the Alleghany riverfront 46

Overall Master Plan A lively mixed-use waterfront district 48

Original three bay warehouse

Two new office buildings and a central public space of 18000 sf were created by removing the roof from the central bay of a three bay warehouse.

Industry Street

Called ‘Industry Street’, this public space creats new front doors for the flanking buildings and brings daylight deep into floors plates, making them viable for office use. Amenity functions along the ground floors activate the street creating a commons for office tenants.

TYPICAL TENANT - SHARED OFFSET FLOOR CORE (FIRST FLOOR) OFFSET CORE: FIRST FLOOR EL. + 4’-0”

27' - 0" 30' - 2"

B C 78' - 4" 78' - 4" 24' - 4" 27' - 0" 18' - 0" 30' - 2"

EL. + 3’-0”

F G 78' - 4" 78' - 4"

27' - 0" 30' - 2"

24' - 4" 18' - 0"

CURRENT PROPOSED H

EL. + 2’-0”

27' - 0" 30' - 2"

PROGRAM AREA AREA PROGRAM

25' - 0" 25' - 0"

CORE 2

76' - 2"

CAFE/LOUNGE(NIC)

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

TENANT 1

74' - 11"

TENANT 1

FITNESS CENTER(NIC)

7' - 0"

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

The plaza 12' - 6"

TENANT 1

65' - 2"

45' - 2"

SLIDING DOORS

28' - 1"

TENANT 2

230' - 0"

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

20' - 0" 20' - 0" TENANT 1 TENANT 3

TENANT AMENITY

GSF AREA: 18,000 SF USF AREA: 14,810 SF (per building)

FLOOR EFFICIENCY

Note:

Core sizes LEASABLE / are conceptual and will be refined in AREA the next phase when CORE EFFICIENCY requirements are finalized.

TYPICAL TENANT - SHARED Current core assumptions per CORE building: 3,025 SF 8% CORE SHARED 1,352 SFfor 4% • See typical floor typical core LEASABLEcomponents. 33,793 SF 89% • Exterior38,169 equipment SF location and interior rooms for main TYPICAL TENANT - SINGLE building services to be located CORE SFin the 8%next on site 3,025 and 1/F LEASABLEphase. 35,445 SF 92% These include, but are not limited to, transformers, 38,470 SF switchgears, fire pumps, etc. 1ST FLOOR CORE 3,397 SF 9% LEASABLE 33,744 SF 91% 37,141 SF

Industry street ties the buildings to 10 10 the overall masterplan and provides SLIDING DOORS east 11 west connections to the Plaza 11 - a civic square in the heart of the 12 master plan. 12

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

148' - 5"

TRASH PEN

28' - 1"

TENANT 2

INDUSTRY STREET

47' - 6" 44' - 9"

20' - 0" 20' - 0" 230' - 0"

EL. +0’-0”

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

EL. + 0’-0”

POTENTIAL PASSAGEWAY

25' - 0" 25' - 0"

8' - 6"

EL. + 0’-0”

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

48' - 5"

159' - 8"

30' - 5"

CORE CORE SHARED CORE SHARED LEASABLE LEASABLE

EL. +0’-0”

Street levelD/E Plan 3 CROSSINGS 2.0 |2018 BUILDING 3 CROSSINGS 2.0 | BUILDING D/E | 3 APRIL 3 CROSSINGS 2.0 | BUILDING D/E

TYPICAL TENANT FLOOR - SHARED OFFSET CORE (TYPICAL TENANT OFFSET CORE: TYPICAL SINGLE TENANT FLOORFLOOR - SINGLE TENANT) A

27' - 0" 30' - 2"

C D B C 78' - 4" 78' - 4" 24' - 4" 27' - 0" 18' - 0" 30' - 2"

27' - 0" 30' - 2"

G H F G 78' - 4" 78' - 4" 24' - 4" 27' - 0" 18' - 0" 30' - 2"

CURRENT PROPOSED

25' - 0" 25' - 0"

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

TENANT 2

TENANT 3

Typical Floor Plan 3 CROSSINGS 2.0 |2018 BUILDING 3 CROSSINGS 2.0 | BUILDING D/E | 3 APRIL

D/E

230' - 0"

20' - 0" 20' - 0" 230' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0" 20' - 0"

28' - 1"

TENANT 2

25' - 0" 25' - 0"

28' - 1" 45' - 2"

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

12' - 6"

8' - 6" 148' - 5" 78' - 10"

INDUSTRY STREET

12' - 0" 12' - 0"

47' - 6"

3 CROSSINGS 2.0 | BUILDING D/E

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

7' - 0"

76' - 2" 159' - 8"

POTENTIAL SHOWER

44' - 9"

20' - 0" 20' - 0"

TENANT 1

74' - 11"

TENANT 1

PROGRAM AREA PROGRAM AREA CORE CORE SHARED CORE

LEASABLELEASABLE

GSF AREA: 18,000 SF USF AREA: 16,690 SF (per building) FLOOR EFFICIENCY

Note:

Core sizes LEASABLE / are conceptual and will be refined in AREA the next phase when CORE EFFICIENCY requirements are finalized.

TYPICAL TENANT - SHARED Current core assumptions per CORE building: 3,025 SF 8% CORE SHARED 1,352 SF 4%MRL • Elevators: (2) 3500lbs elevators. 8’H cabs LEASABLEpassenger 33,793 SF 89% • Stairs: (2) 44” wide 38,169 SF stairs (code minimum) TYPICAL TENANT - SINGLE • Toilets: (5) WC, (4) lavatories CORE SF fixtures. 8% per sex.3,025 Low flow LEASABLE 35,445 SF • Other plumbing: (1) 92% Janitor’s Closet, 38,470 (3) drinking fountains. SF Showers to be by Tenant. 1ST FLOOR • Electrical Room: (1) per floor CORE 3,397 SF 9% • IT Room: (1) per floor LEASABLE 33,744 SF(1)91% • Major duct shaft: per floor 37,141 SF

GENERAL NO

- 0'-0" = 733.33' REFERENCE ELEVA 13

11.5

10.5

3.5

2.5

-REFER TO ENLARGED EXTERIOR

-EXTERIOR WALL DIMENSIONS AR

83'-8"

74'-2"

83'-8"

2 A-222 18'-0"

4 A-321

2 A-221 18'-0"

-REFER TO PARTITION TYPE SHEE REQUIREMENTS. 1 A-222 30'-5"

2'-5"

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-8" BAY 03

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-9" BAY 04

30'-5" TYPICAL FACADE 19'-9" BAY 04

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-8" BAY 03

2'-5"

19'-9"

30'-5"

2 A-200

19'-9"

(E) EAST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(E) WEST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG. (D+E) NORTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

2'-5"

39'-6"

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-8" BAY 03

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-9" BAY 04

-INTERIOR WALL DIMENSIONS ARE PARTITION.

1 A-221 30'-5"

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-9" BAY 04

TYPICAL FACADE 19'-8" BAY 03

-REFER TO LIFE SAFETY DRAWING RATINGS.

2'-5"

(D) WEST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG. (D+E) NORTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

2'-5"

(D+E) NORTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

2'-0" FUTURE RAMP BY TENANT

EWS-02

2'-0"

FUTURE RESTAURANT E-110

1 A-300

D-111B

2'-0"

20'-0"

D-111C 20'-0"

MONUMENTAL STAIR 1 A-304

-ALL FLOOR PENETRATIONS MUST A

2'-0"

A03

20'-0"

0' - 6"

E-110A

30'-0"

2'-0"

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

0' - 0"

16'-0"

SEE CIVIL FOR TERRACE, RAMPS, MONUMENTAL STAIRS AND ASSOCIATED HAND AND GUARDRAILS

16'-0"

SUNKEN PLAZA

2'-0"

E-110B

A03

8'-4" 7'-0" 6'-5 1/4"

E-109 A03

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-101A D-101 2' - 3 1/2"

SLOPE 1:12 UP

F02

1 A-412

30'-0"

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01 TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

20'-0" 20'-0" 30'-0"

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

VESTIBULE D-103 D-103

1 A-301

234'-4"

20'-0"

EXIT PASSAGE D-S101-1

D-112A

EWS-02

STAIR D-S101

F02

A08

D-S101-1

1 A-414

A04

20'-0"

FITNESS CENTER E-112

D-S101

30'-0"

F02 STAIR E-S102

WATER E-109

D-101B

A03

2' - 6 1/2"

E-S102

D-102

D-112C

F02

EWS-02 1 A-305

DECORATIVE STAMPED CONCRETE, SEE CIVIL / LANDSCAPE

GAME AREA

1 A-302

FUTURE RESTAURANT D-112

J.5

A03

SLOPE TO DRAIN

E-112B OUTDOOR AREA

30'-0"

DOCK PLANTER

3' - 8 1/8"

EXISTING RAISED SLAB TO REMAIN

24'-9"

SEE STRUCTURE FOR INFILL WALL BELOW PARTIALLY DEMOLISHED LOADING DOCK

27'-2"

3' - 8 1/16"

2'-5"

LOADING ZONE

DOCK PLANTER

EXISTING RAISED SLAB TO REMAIN

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 02

1 A-306

D-112B

C:\REVIT LOCAL\68401_CORE SHELL_R17_b.murali.rvt 1/8/2019 5:23:49 PM

20'-0"

SLOPE TO DRAIN

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

FUTURE RAMP TO BUILDING G PARKING

REFURBISHED RECLAIMED WOOD SLAT SCREENING ON STEEL POST FRAMING ATTACHED TO CONCRETE BASE. PROVIDE OPERABLE GATES WHERE SHOWN

(D+E) SOUTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG. (E) WEST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(D+E) SOUTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(D+E) SOUTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG. (D) EAST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(D+E) SOUTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(E) EAST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

(D) WEST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

1 A-307

F.5

D-111

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

MSB + PANEL E-108 A03 14'-3 1/4"

A03

2 A-201

20'-0"

76'-10"

E-108

E-104

1 A-303

0' - 0"

ELEC E-107

BOH E-104

1 A-220

A03

VESTIBULE D-102

7'-7"

E-106 E-107

D-105

2 A-421

16'-7"

COMM E-106

E-105

A03

2'-4 3/4"

A03

TRASH / RECYCLING D-105

A04

1 A-401

OUTDOOR SEATING AREA

GENERATOR E-105

A04

2' - 8"

CANOPY ABOVE SHOWN DASHED

1 A-201

2 A-202

E-112C 21'-8"

112'-1"

SLOPE TO DRAIN

E-112A

A04

D-107

COMM D-106 A03 D-106 A03

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

SLOPE TO DRAIN

1 A-308

A04

ELEC D-107

A03

8'-10"

1 A-202

5'-7"

5 A-321

5'-7 1/4"

DECORATIVE PATTERN ON CONCRETE TBD: SANDBLASTED / STAMPED / STAINED SEE CIVIL / LANDSCAPE

E-112 2 A-421 SIM OPP

1 AS-300

A04

E-102

30'-0"

VESTIBULE E-103

VESTIBULE E-102

1 A-411

BOH D-104 D-108

20'-0"

E-101A

E-101B

14'-3" MSB + PANEL D-108

7'-7"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR E-101

E-103

6'-5 1/4"

9'-3 3/8"

C.5

D-104

3' - 0 1/2"

A04

CANOPY ABOVE SHOWN DASHED

E-111A E-111

D-109

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

0' - 0"

2 A-220

0' - 0"

STAIR E-S101 E-S101

E-S101-1

1 A-402

TENANT D-111

SLOPE TO DRAIN

7'-0"

CANOPY ABOVE SHOWN DASHED

SEE CIVIL FOR GUTTER

SLOPE TO DRAIN

WATER D-109 STAIR D-S102 D-S102

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 01

EXIT PASSAGE E-S101-1

D-111A SHADED SEATING WITH TREES IN PLANTERS

14'-11 1/2"

1 A-413

DECORATIVE STAMPED CONCRETE, SEE CIVIL / LANDSCAPE

OUTDOOR SEATING AREA

FITNESS CENTER E-111

A03

25'-5"

E-110C

A04

20'-0"

A04 F02

PROPERTY LINE (RED DASHED). PROJECTIONS NOT TO EXCEED 18" BEYOND PROPERTY LINE

1 A-200

1ST FLOOR PLAN

STREET TREES, SEE LANDSCAPE

3/32" = 1'-0"

SIDEWALK, SEE CIVIL.

-PATCH AND REPAIR SLAB AS REQ INDICATED ON FINISH PLANS.

-VERIFY ALL EXISTING CONDITION AND BRING DISCREPANCIES TO T BEGINNING NEW WORK.

27'-2"

16'-0"

24'-9"

1'-9"

TYPICAL FACADE BAY 02

2'-3"

2'-9"

16'-0" 2'-9"

1'-5" 1 A-309

-AT INTERSECTION OF RATED WA PARTITION MUST BE CONTINUOUS

(D) EAST ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG. (D+E) NORTH ELEV. MAX. F/ BLDG.

Architecturally, utilitarian elements of the former warehouse buildings are given a modern expression .As far as possible salvaged materials from the old warehouse building are repurposed to new uses.Exposed trusses along Industry Street create a ceiling and recall the structures original use.

The profiles catch daylight and animate the facades with shadows that change through the day. This combined with the subtle color variation enlivens the entire building. The street creates dual address for the two buildings: On the outside along 29th and the plaza and an inside address along its length. This duality is acknowledged in the treatment of the facade. Deeper corrugated profiles are used on the inside faces and contrast with the lightness and playfulness of the outer faces of the building. The shadows of the exposed trusses bounce off the deep corugations and animate the courtyard. 56

Balancing he strict zoning criteria of the RIV guidelines with the constraints of the budget meant creatively interpreting the industrial language of the neighborhood. A simple palette of metal panels with a variety of profiles and ribbon windows were used. The buildings perform at various scales. Seen across the plaza they blend into the messy vitality if the neighborhood. Looking closer from across the sidewalk reveals a dappling of the facades using a random pattern.

The exposed trusses create both a physical and visual continuum with Industry Street.

W TO

ILR

E SHELL_R17_j.askey.rvt

RE UA Q S

OA D

ST RE E

ST RE

TH 29

RE ST

D OA ILR A R

ORIENTATION AXONOMETRIC - VIEW FROM SE

RE ST

The new public space is an extension of the ground floor activities of the offices 29 functions as a mixing bowl. and TH 62

ST RE ET

1100 Libe Pittsburg T. +1 412 F. +1 412

TH 29

RE ST

D OA LR I A

Owner: OXFORD DEVE ONE OXFORD C 301 GRANT STR PITTSBURGH, P

RE ST

TO WN

Construction Man RYCON CONST 2501 SMALLMAN PITTSBURGH, P

Civil / Site: KU RESOURCE 22 SOUTH LINDE DUQUESNE, PA

SQ UA RE

Landscape: MOORE DESIG 130 HEAVEN LAN MARS, PA 16046

Structural: TAYLOR STRU 2275 SWALLOW PITTSBURGH, P

MEP / FP: LOFTUS ENGIN 300 BILMAR DRI PITTSBURGH, P

LEED Consulting: EVOLVEEA 6020 BROAD STR PITTSBURGH, PA

PROJECT TITLE:

3 CRO BUILD

2865 & 2875 PITTSBURGH

29 TH

ST RE ET

W NE

RE ST

PROJECT No

DRAWING TITLE

ORIEN AXONO SCALE:

ORIENTATION AXONOMETRIC - VIEW FROM NE

G GMP SET

JANUARY 8,

Top Right Visualization of the variegated metal panels Bottom Right Site photograph during construction 64

East Elevation

2865 RAILROAD STREET

West Elevation

2875

RAILROAD STREET

2875

2865

Railroad Street Elevation

2865

2875

RAILROAD STREET

South Elevation

2875

2865

North Elevation

All images Copyright Andrew Rugge/Perkins Eastman

A A A A

B A

B A B

A B

B A

A A

SEE 2/A-320

B A

A B

B A

B A A

B A

A A

B B

A A

B B

A A

A B

A A

A B

A A

A C

B B

C A

B B

A B

A A

A B

A B A

A B

A A

B B

A A

B A

A B

B B

A B

B B

A A

A B

A A B

B B

C B

C B C

A B

A C

B B

A A

A B

A B B

B A

A B

B B

A B

B A

A A

A B

A C

A B

B A

A B

EWS-03 PANEL SCHEDULE - BUILDING D EAST (C.L. A TO F.5) AND BUILDING E WEST, O.H. (C.L. A TO F.5) 1 1/4" = 1'-0" EWS-03 PANEL SCHEDULE - BUILDING D EAST (C.L. A TO F.5) AND BUILDING E WEST, O.H. (C.L. A TO F.5) 1/4" = 1'-0"

A B

B A

C.5

C B

A B

C B

A B

1/4" = 1'-0"

A B

B A

EWS-03 PANEL SCHEDULE - BUILDING D EAST (C.L. F.5 TO M) AND BUILDING E WEST, O.H. (C.L. T.5 TO M) 2 1/4" = 1'-0" EWS-03 PANEL SCHEDULE - BUILDING D EAST (C.L. F.5 TO M) AND BUILDING E WEST, O.H. (C.L. T.5 TO M)

A B

J.5

A A

A B A

J.5

A B C

A B

F.5

C:\REVIT LOCAL\68401_CORE SHELL_R17_g.tang.rvt 1/8/2019 11:38:20 AM

B A

F.5

C:\REVIT LOCAL\68401_CORE SHELL_R17_g.tang.rvt 1/8/2019 11:38:20 AM

B A

A B

B A

C B

A B

B A A

A A

07-IN-06 07-MP-01

XT. KEYNOTES (METAL FINISHES)

07-MP-06 07-SE-01 B

07-WP-02

B A

08-GL-01 B

09-GB-01 12-EM-01 A

B B

A B

06-SH-01 07-AB-01 07-IN-01

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

B A 2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

07-MP-04

SEAL SEAL

1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0"

ROOF (H.P.)

49' - 3" U-VALUE ASSEMBLY ROOF (H.P.) APPLICABLE 49' -NOT 3" T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"WALLS SCREEN

C.L.

A B

4" VIF

= N/A

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

4" VIF

F.O.W.

B/ TRUSS

C B

39' - 5 1/2" LOCATION OF ALTERNATING WOOD B/ TRUSS 39' - 5SLAT 1/2" PANEL LOCATION ON WEST ELEVATION OF SCREEN WALL SHOWN DASHED. WHERE THIS OCCURS, CLAD THE EXPOSED STEEL STRUCTURE WITH WOOD SLATS OF THE SAME FINISH. 3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

C B

B B

MF-02 COLOR D

2'-2 1/2"

A B

A B A

PUBLIC SIDE B B

A A

B B

A A

B B

A A

B B

A A

C A

B B

A C

A C B

B B

EWS-06 - TYP. SECTION DETAIL

07-AB-01 07-IN-01 07-MP-01,02,03 MF-01 COLOR A

O.H.

1 1/2" = 1'-0"

PROJECT TITLE:

3 CROSSINGS 2.0: BUILDING D/E 3 CROSSINGS 2.0: BUILDING D/E

NOTE: PROVIDE COATED BENT METAL TRIMS AT EDGE OF PANEL FRAMES AND AT INTERFACE WITH OTHER EWS SYSTEMS, TYP. FINISH: AF-01 COLOR D

2865 & 2875 RAILROAD STREET PITTSBURGH, PA 15201 6" 68404 6" PROJECT No:

10"

PROJECT No: 68404 1'-0" TYP.

1'-0" TYP.

11"

EWS-0307-MP-01 PANEL 07-MP-02 SCHEDULE EWS-03 PANEL SCHEDULE EWS-03 - TYP. PLAN DETAIL DRAWING TITLE:

C.L. MODULE

STEEL A-321 STRUCTURAL O.H. FRAMING 5

A-321

07-MP-03 MF-01 COLOR C

DRAWING TITLE:

05-CF-01 06-SH-01

2865 & 2875 RAILROAD STREET PITTSBURGH, PA 15201

1 1/2"

C B

EQUIPMENT SIDE

C B

5/8" 7 1/2"

1 1/2" = 1'-0"

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

SCALE:

1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR TOS (D) TOS (E) 0' - 0" 0' - 6" 1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0"

SCALE:

C.L. MODULE

As indicated

A-320 A-320 As indicated

GMP SET

GMP SET JANUARY 8, 2019

1 1/2"

09-GB-01

PROJECT TITLE:

F.O.W.

06-WB-01 FINISH TBD PANELIZED WOOD SLATS, ON EQUIPMENT SIDE WITH A 2ND FLOOR SAME TOS FINISH. ATTACH 16' - 0" PANEL TO STEEL STRUCTURE MAINTAINING THE ABILITY TO REMOVE PANELS INDIVIDUALLY FOR FUTURE MAINTENANCE. 2ND FLOOR TOS BRACE16'AS REQUIRED - 0"

07-MP-01,02,03 MF-01 COLOR B

1 1/8"

C B

C.L.

C.L. MODULE

3RD C FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

5/8" 6"

1'-0" 2'-0" TYP.

EWS-04 - TYP. PLAN DETAIL

11 3/4"

C B

1'-0"

Owner: OXFORD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY ONE OXFORD CENTRE, SUITE 4500 Owner: 301 GRANT STREET OXFORD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY PITTSBURGH, PA 15219 ONE OXFORD CENTRE, SUITE 4500 1 1/2" = 1'-0" 301 GRANT STREETManager: Construction PITTSBURGH, PACONSTRUCTION, 15219 RYCON INC. 2501 SMALLMAN STREET, SUITE 100 Construction Manager: PA 15222 PITTSBURGH, RYCON CONSTRUCTION, INC. 2501 SMALLMAN STREET, SUITE 100 Civil / Site: PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 KU RESOURCES, INC. 22 SOUTH LINDEN STREET Civil / Site: DUQUESNE, PA 15110 KU RESOURCES, INC. 22 SOUTH LINDEN STREET Landscape: DUQUESNE, PA 15110 MOORE DESIGN ASSOCIATES 130 HEAVEN LANE Landscape: MARS, PA 16046 MOORE DESIGN ASSOCIATES 130 HEAVEN LANE Structural: MARS, PA 16046 TAYLOR STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS, INC. 2275 SWALLOW HILL ROAD, BUILDING 100 Structural:PITTSBURGH, PA 15220 TAYLOR STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS, INC. 2275 SWALLOW HILL ROAD, BUILDING 100 PITTSBURGH, PA 15220 MEP / FP: LOFTUS ENGINEERS, LLC 300 BILMAR DRIVE SUITE 150 MEP / FP:PITTSBURGH, PA 15205 LOFTUS ENGINEERS, LLC 300 BILMAR DRIVE SUITE 150 LEED Consulting: PITTSBURGH, PA 15205 EVOLVEEA 6020 BROAD STREET LEED Consulting: PITTSBURGH, PA 15206 EVOLVEEA 6020 BROAD STREET PITTSBURGH, PA 15206

E.O.S.

1100 Liberty Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15222 T. +1 412 456 0900 F. +1 412 456 0906 1100 Liberty Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15222 T. +1 412 456 0900 F. +1 412 456 0906

11 1/2"

KEY PLAN

C.L. MODULE

1ST FLOOR 1ST FLOOR TOS (D) TOS (E) 0' - 0" 0' - 6"

KEY PLAN

10" 1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

MF-01 COLOR C

NOTE: PROVIDE COATED BENT METAL TRIMS AT INTERFACE WITH OTHER EWS SYSTEMS, TYP. FINISH: MF-01 COLOR D

5/8" F.O.W.

1 1/2"

05-CF-01

B 3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

09-GB-01

C.L.

09-CB-01

07-WP-03 B

ISSUE

11 1/2"

A C

KEYNOTE DESCRIPTION "METALLIC LIGHT GRAY" C To match PPG Duranar Sunstorm "Renaissance Silver", UC106663F C B C "METALLIC MEDIUM GRAY" To match PPG Duranar Sunstorm "Galaxy Silver", UC106683F "METALLIC DARK GRAY" To match PPG Duranar Sunstorm "Pewter", UC110227F "METALLIC ULTRA DARK GRAY" A BTnemec B A "Slate B AAluminum" B A 62MT A B B A B A B B match To "BLACK" To B APPG B Duranar A B "Black", A A UC40577 B match B B A B A B A C "WHITE" To match Tnemec "Tnemec White" 00WH "YELLOW" To match Tnemec "Canary Yellow" 14YW

CMU CURB OR KNEE WALL AS BASE, SEE DETAIL #6

7 5/8" MIN.

A A B B C

11 3/4"

07-MP-05

EXT. KEYNOTES (COLORS)

DATE

ISSUE

LEGEND - PANEL TYPES EWS-05 (CFMF) - TYP. SECTION DETAIL 9 LEGEND - PANEL TYPES

07-MP-04

07-WP-01

DATE

E.O.S.

07-IN-02 NO.

07-MP-03

METAL PANEL TYPE 01 Formed aluminum vertical siding panel, Profile 1 METAL PANEL TYPE 02 Formed aluminum vertical siding panel, Profile 2 F.5 METAL PANEL TYPE 03 ROOF (H.P.) Formed aluminum vertical siding panel, Profile 3 NO. F.5 49' - 3" METAL PANEL TYPE 04 ROOFvertical (H.P.) siding panel, Profile 4 Formed aluminum 49' - 3" T/ TRUSS METAL PANEL TYPE 0547' - 7 1/2" 1. FACADES FOR BUILDINGS D AND E ARE MIRRORED ON C.L. 7 Aluminum plate panel. Thickness: 1/8" min. 1 1/2" = 1'-0" T/ TRUSS 2. EXCEPTIONS FOR FACADES THAT ARE NOT MIRRORED BETWEEN METAL PANEL TYPE 06 47' - 7 1/2" BUILDINGS ARE NOTED ONEA-320 SERIES. ON C.L. 7 1. FACADES FOR BUILDINGS D AND ARE MIRRORED Steel plate panel. Thickness: TBD, 1/2" min. 3. NOTE TOP OF 1/F SLAB BETWEEN BUILDINGS D AND E. 2. EXCEPTIONS FOR FACADES THATVARIES ARE NOT MIRRORED BETWEEN SEALANT TYPE 01 BUILDINGS ARE NOTED ON A-320 SERIES. substrates. ADouble A Ajoint assembly compatible to B B sealant 4. SEE 7/A-330 FOR TYPICAL PLAN DETAIL FOR EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEM OF 1/FEWS-03. SLAB VARIES BETWEEN BUILDINGS D AND E. WATERPROOFING TYPE 01 3. NOTE TOP protection B Blind-side A A positive side composite 4.membrane SEE 7/A-330vapor FOR TYPICAL PLAN DETAIL FOR EXTERIOR WALL EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-01 system, integrally bonded polyolefin sheetEWS-03. vapor barrier. SYSTEM (FINISH AL-01) B/ TRUSS WATERPROOFING TYPE 02 39' - 5 1/2" EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-01 Positive side modified bituminous sheet waterproofing system. EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-02 (FINISH AL-01) Provide drainageB/mat as required. TRUSS (FINISH AL-02) 39' - 5TYPE 1/2" 03 WATERPROOFING EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-02 Negative side crystalline waterproofing system. EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-03 (FINISH AL-02) (FINISH AL-03) GLAZING TYPE 01 Insulated Glazing Unit with low-e coating. EWS-03 WITH 07-MP-03 (FINISH AL-03) CEMENT BOARD TYPE 01 Cement board GYPSUM WALL BOARD TYPE 01 Gypsum Board. Provide Type X as required by fire rating. 3RD FLOOR TOS ENTRANCE MAT TYPE 0130' - 0" Permanent walk-off grille system A C

2'-5"

KEYNOTE DESCRIPTION METAL FINISH TYPE 01 G Fluropolymer coated aluminum (coil and extrusion) or steel, exterior exposure, PVDF 2 coat mica metallic system. METAL FINISH TYPE 02 High build epoxy system over zinc-rich primer or galvanized substrate METAL FINISH TYPE 03 Fluid-applied aerogel thermal break coating system. METAL A A B A B A B A FINISH B A 04B C B B B A TYPE Shop applied galvanized, zinc phosphate treated, thermosetting epoxy powder coat, intermediate AcoatAand polyester powder top B A B A B A B A B A B C B B coat.

07-IN-01 ENCAPSULATION PER APPROVED NFPA 285 ASSEMBLY

5/8" 6"

07-MP-02

SEE 1/A-320

R = 5.7 per inch INSULATION TYPE 04 Acoustic perimeter insulating system at slab edges

07-IN-04

SEE 1/A-320

faced tapered polyisocyanurate rigid insulation (07-IN-03), exterior horizontal sheathing and structural metal deck. ROOF SYSTEM TYPE 02 New roofing system to match existing roofing system.

JANUARY 8, 2019

C.L. MODULE

1'-0" TYP. 07-MP-03 C.L. MODULE

EW 1 1/2"

EXISTING ROOFING SYSTEM TO REMANS, TYP.

EXISTING ROOFING SYSTEM TO REMAIN, TYP.

MF-01 TYP.

SLOPE TO DRAIN

2'-11 1/2"

EWS-03

10'-9 1/2"

50'-1" 14'-0"

8'-8" 5'-4"

EWS-05

EWS-03

10"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

TYP. RETURN AT OPENINGS

15'-6"

4 A-370

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

8'-5"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, BRACE CFMF TYP. BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, TYP.

7'-0"

4 A-371

EWS-03

5'-4"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

EWS-03

ELEV. LOB

TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS

4'-6"

10"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-201

EWS-01

8'-7 1/2" 5'-4"

EWS-01

7'-0"

MF-01 MF-01 TYP. SILL TRIMTYP.

2'-6"

4 A-371

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, TYP.

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0" EWS-03

EWS-03

7'-0" 4'-6"

EWS-03

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

4'-6" 8'-8"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-201

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2"

ELEV. LOB

10"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-301

17'-7 1/2"

1'-0" EWS-01

6'-11 1/2"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-301

PROVID PARAP SUPPO REQD.

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

B/ TRUSS MF-01 39' - 5 1/2" MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TYP. TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS TRANSITIONS

EWS-03

MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2" ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

1'-7 1/2"

10'-9 1/2"

8'-2"

1'-7 1/2"

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2"

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0" 5'-4"

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQD.TYP

EWS-01

8'-7 1/2" 10" 4'-6"

PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQD.TYP

EWS-03

10'-9 1/2"

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-301

9 A-371

MF-01 TYP.

EWS-03

1'-0" 4"

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

1'-7 1/2" PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQD.TYP

MF-01EXISTING ROOFING SYSTEM TO REMANS, COPING TYP. EXTRUDED TYP. 4"

1'-0"

2'-6"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, TYP.

PARTIALLY DEMOLISH EXST. KNEE WALL

SLOPE TO DRAIN

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

FLOOR TOS (D) SLOPE TO1ST DRAIN 0' - 6" FOUNDATION, 1ST FLOOR TOS (D) WATERPROOFING 0' - 6" AND DRAIN

WALL SECT - TYP. PILASTER (ST.)

7 1/4" = 1'-0" LDING D AT CORES

WALL SECT - TYP. FACADE BAY (ST.) 1/4" = 1'-0"

WALL SECT - TYP. PILASTER (ST.)

7 1/4" = 1'-0" ENLARGED AXON - BUILDING D AT CORES 72

WAL 1/4" = 1'-0"

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

2'-11 1/2"

EWS-01

8'-2"

EWS-03

EWS-03 5'-4"

10"

EWS-01

9'-5 1/2"

8'-8"

EWS-03

5'-4"

15'-6" 50'-1"

14'-0"

EWS-01/EWS-03 EWS-01

7'-0"

1 A-301

1100 Liberty Ave Pittsburgh, PA 1 T. +1 412 456 09 F. +1 412 456 09

2ND FLOOR TOS FOUNDATION, 16' - 0" WATERPROOFING AND DRAIN

Owner: OXFORD DEVELOPM ONE OXFORD CENTR 301 GRANT STREET PITTSBURGH, PA 1521

2'-3"

1 A-301

EXTERIOR EGRESS LIGHTING TO BE DESIGNED AND COORDINATED WITH STREET LIGHTS, TYP.

1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0"

EWS-05

11'-0"

1/4" = 1'-0"

15'-6"

WALL SECT - TYP. ENTRY (ST.)

1/4" = 1'-0"

Construction Manager: RYCON CONSTRUC 2501 SMALLMAN STRE PITTSBURGH, PA 1522

EWS-01/EWS-03

WALL SECT - TYP. FACADE BAY (ST.)

04-ST-01 TYP. RETURN AT RECESS

4'-6"

ZONE FOR BUILDING SIGNAGE

MP-02 TYP.PORTAL AROUND RECESS

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

7'-0"

FOUNDATION, WATERPROOFING AND DRAIN

PILASTER (ST.)

SLOPE TO DRAIN

2'-6"

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' -MP-01 0" TYP. METAL TRIM

04-ST-01 TYP.

10"

2 A-301

EWS-03

SLOPE TO DRAIN

4 A-373

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

6 A-373

EWS-03

SLOPE TO DRAIN

PARTIALLY DEMOLISH EXST. 1 KNEE A-371 WALL

4'-6"

10" 15'-6"

8'-5"

4 A-370

7'-0"

10"

EWS-05 TYP. RETURN AT OPENINGS

4'-6"

MF-01 TYP. METAL TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, TYP.

8'-8"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQD, TYP.

MF-01 TYP. METAL SILL TRIM EWS-03

8'-7 1/2" 2'-6"

7'-0" 4'-6"

EWS-03

2'-6"

10"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

Civil / Site: KU RESOURCES, IN 22 SOUTH LINDEN STR DUQUESNE, PA 15110

Landscape: MOORE DESIGN AS 130 HEAVEN LANE MARS, PA 16046

1ST FLOOR TOS (D) 0' - 6"

Structural: TAYLOR STRUCTUR 2275 SWALLOW HILL R PITTSBURGH, PA 1522

MEP / FP: EXIT PA LOFTUS ENGINEER D-S1 300 BILMAR DRIVE SU PITTSBURGH, PA 1520

4 A-350

MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TYPE TRANSITIONS

2'-0"

1/4" = 1'-0"

2'-0"

F.O.G. F.O.W.

4'-0"

2'-0"

4'-0" EWS-03

16'-0"

4'-0" EWS-03

08-GL-01 U.O.N

(4) EQ. MP TYPE SEE ELEV.

20'-0" TYPCAL PLAN MODULE 1 H

EXISTING CONCRETE KNEE WALL(SEE STRUCTURE DRAWINGS) 6

LEED Consulting: EVOLVEEA 6020 BROAD STREET PITTSBURGH, PA 1520

MF-01 TYP. SILL TRIM

(4)EQ. MP TYPE SEE ELEV. TYPICAL PLAN MODULE 1

E.O.S.

2'-2 1/2"

PART. ELEV. - EAST (BLDG. D) AT CORES

11 3/4"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-201

1'-8"

TRY (ST.) 1

Sim

14'-0"

EWS-01

08-GL-01 ELEV. LOBBY TYP. / CORRIDOR D-201

2 A-301

T/ TRUSS 3RD- 7FLOOR 47' 1/2" TOS 30' - 0"

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2"

MF-01 TYP. SILL TRIM

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

07-MP-01 TYP.

6'-7"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-201

Sim

5'-4"

2 A-301

EWS-03

8'-8"

MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS

7'-0"

50'-1"

07-MP-02 TYP.

4'-6" 10'-9 1/2"

07-MP-03 TYP. 8'-2"

EWS-03

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

4'-6"

EWS-03

7'-0"

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0" 5'-4"

4'-6"

10"

2'-6"

1'-7 1/2"

1'-0"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-301

6'-11 1/2"

ELEV. LOBBY / CORRIDOR D-301

8'-7 1/2"

TYP. METAL TRIM AT EWS TYPE TRANSITIONS

MF-01 TYP. METAL COPING

EWS-01

6'-11 1/2"

EWS-01

8'-7 1/2"

TYP. TRIM AT EWS TRANSITIONS

29TH STREET

TYPICAL PLAN MODULE 1

TYPICAL PLAN G

ADE

MF-01

EWS-01

6'-11 1/2"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS MF-01TYP. REQ'D, TYP. TENANT TRIM AT E-307 EWS TYPE TRANSITIONS

2'-10 1/2"

MF-02 TYP. AT EXPOSED STRUCTURE

14'-0"

50'-7"

9'-6"

7'-0"

EWS-01

14'-0" 9'-6"

MF-01 TYP. SILL TRIM

14'-0"

EWS-04

2'-6"

14'-0"

4'-6"

EWS-04

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

50'-7"

4'-6"

7'-11"

1'-0"

MF-03 TYP. AT STEEL PENTRATING FACADE

4'-6"

7'-0"

MF-02 TYP. RECESSED REVEAL AROUND PENETRATIONS 9'-5 1/2"

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2"

3RD FLOOR TOS 30' - 0"

1'-7 1/2"

EWS-04

10'-9 1/2"

1'-7 1/2" 8'-2"

PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQ'D, TYP.

13'-11 1/2"

EWS-04

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

8'-2"

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

2'-6"

MF-02 TYP. AT EXPOSED STRUCTURE

TYP. EXTRUDED COPING

1'-0"

17'-7 1/2"

TENANT E-307

13'-11 1/2"

MF-03 TYP. AT STEEL PENTRATING FACADE

MF-01 TYP. EXTRUDED COPING

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQ'D, TYP.

9'-5 1/2"

TENANT E-307

PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQ'D, TYP.

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2"

MF-02 TYP. RECESSED REVEAL AROUND PENETRATIONS

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQ'D, TYP.

2'-11 1/2"

2'-10 1/2" 7'-11"

T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

EWS-04

1'-0"

1'-7 1/2" 8'-2"

PROVIDE PARAPET SUPPORT AS REQ'D, TYP.

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3"

EXISTING ROOFING SYSTEM TO REMAIN, TYP.

2'-11 1/2"

MF-01 TYP. EXTRUDED COPING

EXISTING ROOFING SYSTEM TO REMAIN, TYP.

17'-7 1/2"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQ'D, TYP.

4'-6"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQ'D, TYP.

11'-6"

EWS-01

11'-6"

EWS-05 TYP. RETURN AT OPENINGS

EWS-05

11'-6"

16'-0"

BRACE CFMF BACKUP TO STRUCTURE AS REQ'D, TYP.

16'-0"

4'-6"

7'-0"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0" EWS-04

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

6 A-370

SLOPE TO DRAIN

1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0"

1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0" FOUNDATION, WATERPROOFING AND DRAIN

FOUNDATION, WATERPROOFING AND DRAIN

9 8

A SLOPE TO DRAIN

FO WA DR

ENLARGED AXON - BUILDING E AT TYPICAL FACADE WALL SECT. - TYP. PILASTE WALL SECT. - TYP. PILASTER (COURTYARD) WALL SECT. - TYP. BAY (COURTYARD) 8 1/4" = 1'-0" 7 1/4" = 1'-0" 1/4" = 1'-0" 74 9

MF-02 TYP. REVEAL AROUND PENETRA TIONS

14'-0"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

08-GL-01 11'-6" 6'-11 1/2"

4 A-305

11 Pit T. F.

Owner: OXFORD D ONE OXFO 301 GRANT PITTSBURG

Construction RYCON CO 2501 SMAL PITTSBURG

Civil / Site: KU RESOU 22 SOUTH L DUQUESNE

Landscape: MOORE D 130 HEAVE MARS, PA 1

REF. ELEV. 733.33

1/4" = 1'-0"

7'-0"

3 A-305

7'-0"

2ND FLOOR TOS 16' - 0"

MEP / FP: LOFTUS E 300 BILMAR PITTSBURG

11 Pit T. F.

4'-6"

11 1/2"

Structural: TAYLOR S 2275 SWAL PITTSBURG

LEED Consu EVOLVEEA 6020 BROA PITTSBURG

2'-6"

2 A-305

14'-0"

PART. ELEV. - EAST (E) AT TYP. FACADE BAY

EWS-01 / EWS-04

MF-01 TYP. TRIM AT EWS TYPE TRANSITIONS

EWS-04

ARD)

50'-7"

4'-6"

PAIRED RECESSED EXTERIOR OUTLET AND HOSE BIBB, TYP. WHERE INDICATED

FLOOR 1ST3RD FLOOR TOSTOS (E) 30' 0" 0' -- 0" EWS-04

7'-0"

2'-6"

1 A-305

EWS-01 / EWS-05 EWS-01 / EWS-04

B/ TRUSS 39' - 5 1/2" TYP.

2'-11 1/2"

ROOF (H.P.) 49' - 3" T/ TRUSS 47' - 7 1/2"

7'-0"1/2" 10'-9

1'-7 1/2"

2 A-305

2'-6"

3 A-305

16'-0" 17'-7 1/2"

7'-0" 4"

1'-0"

Sim

MF-02 MF-01 TYP. TYP. AT EXPOSED TRIM AT EWS STRUCTURE TYPE TRANSITIONS

EWS-01 / EWS-04

MF-01 TYP. EXTRUDED COPING

A-305

4'-6" 8'-2"

3 A-307

A-305

EWS-04 EWS-04

A-305

E.O.S.

2'-5"

20'-0" (TYPICAL PLAN MODULE 1)

TYPICAL PLAN MODULE

11'-6"

TYPICAL PLAN MODULE

EWS-04 10'-0" 1 A-305

J.5

1/4" = 1'-0"

F.O.G. F.O.W.

4'-0" EWS-05 (2) EQ. TYPICAL PLAN MODULE

4'-0"

16'-0" EWS-01

08-GL-01

08-GL-01 U.O.N. 20'-0" (TYPICAL PLAN MODULE) 10'-0"

COURTYARD (INDUSTRY STREET) (2) EQ. TYPICAL PLAN MODULE

4'-0" EWS-05

10'-0" J.5

E.O.S.

75 PART. PLAN - 1ST FLOOR (BLDG. E) AT TYPICAL FACADE BAY F.O.W.

1/4" = 1'-0"

3 CR BUIL

Landscape: MOORE D 130 HEAVE 2865 MARS,& PA28 1

16'-0"

PITTSBU

DRAWING T MEP / FP: LOFTUS E 300 BILMAR PITTSBURG

ENLA ELEV BAY COU

LEED Consu EVOLVEEA 6020 BROA PITTSBURG SCALE: A

2'-0"

A 2'-5"

4'-0"

11 1/2"

2'-0"

Construction RYCON CO PROJECT T 2501 SMAL PITTSBURG

Structural: TAYLOR S 2275 SWAL PROJECT PITTSBURG

2'-5"

PART. ELEV. - EAST (E) AT TYP. FACADE BAY 1/4" = 1'-0"

REF. ELEV. 733.33

FITNESS CENTER E-112

2'-2 1/2"

1ST FLOOR TOS (E) 0' - 0"

PAIRED RECESSED EXTERIOR OUTLET AND HOSE BIBB, TYP. WHERE INDICATED

EXISTING CONCRETE KNEE WALL(SEE STRUCTURE DRAWINGS)

Owner: OXFORD D ONE OXFO 301 GRANT PITTSBURG

Civil / Site: KU RESOU 22 SOUTH L DUQUESNE

PART. PLAN - 2ND FLOOR (BLDG. E) AT TYPICAL FACADE PANELS

9 ARD)

COURTYARD (INDUSTRY STREET)

10'-0"

EWS-01 / EWS-05

F.O.W.

GMP SET

Chestnut Ridge A sense of Place for affordable housing Chestnut Ridge is a 350 unit affordable housing community located within the vibrant and diverse neighborhood of East New York, in a zone transitioning from a manufacturing history to a mixed-use residential neighborhood. It is ideally situated with easy access to multiple transit options and community facilities such as schools and churches. The proposed design builds on the fabric and history of the existing area. Setbacks are utilized to contextualize the building with the scale and character of the surrounding community. The material palette includes brick and metal panels referencing both local residential vernacular and the industrial history of the site. The facade is a play of volumes that ties itself to the two and three-story brick townhouse fabric. The corner of Dinsmore and Chestnut is marked by a tall stepped tower that serves as a landmark on the horizon engaging with the steeple of Blessed Sacrament Church another neighborhood icon.

LOCATION Brooklyn, NY PROGRAM Affordable housing, Retail, Grocery Store SIZE Site Area: 0.65 Ac | 300,000 GSF | 350 units STATUS Unbuilt CLIENT MacQuesten Development 77

M EET

N STR

FULTO

EUCLID STREET

CHESTNUT STREET

RICHMOND STREET

LOGAN STREET

BLOCK 4143

DINSMORE STREET

PS/1S 667K

NUE IC AVE

T ATLAN

CO ND UIT

BO UL EV AR

Site Plan

0’

40’

80’

160’

The Address The design of all sidewalk environments enhance public safety with lighting. Street trees, benches and transparent storefronts activate the street edge and provide eyes on the street.

1 Existing Site

4 Extending the School datum to tie back to the neighborhood scale

2 Maximum allowable zoning envelope including dormers

5 Repositioning dormers at the corner of Dinsmore Place and Chestnut Street

3 5’ setback from Dinsmore Place and Chestnut Street to allow room at street level

6 Marking the entrance and residential Address

The Greenhouse On the roof deck, community gardens provide opportunities for urban farming as well as offer stunning views. The greenhouse highlights the projects commitment to bring the community together with its history of local food manufacturing. 83

A grocery store anchors the corner of Atlantic and Chestnut Street and leverages the visibility along the fast paced arterial.

DINSMORE STREET

5’ PARKING

LOADING AREA

142’ COMMUNITY FACILITY 1,770 SF

RESIDENTIAL LOBBY 1,750 SF

RETAIL 1,854 SF

CHESTNUT STREET

214’

190’

RETAIL 1,800 SF

5’

RETAIL 1,800 SF FRESH 15,000 SF

143’

NUE

IC AVE

T ATLAN

32'

64'

1/32'' = 1'

Site Plan

1 BR

1 BR 1 BR

LAUNDRY ROOM 836 SF

1 BR

1 BR GREENHOUSE 2 BR

Terrace Level

Level 3-7 0'

32'

64'

Level 15

32'

64' 1/32'' = 1'

1/32'' = 1'

32'

64' 1/32'' = 1'

PS/1S 667K

CHESTNUT STREET 0’

The Landmark The tower works its way up the corner in a playful vertical expression of windows narrowing to a single bay at the top. It serves as a landmark on the horizon - engaging with the steeple of Blessed Sacrament Church - another neighborhood icon. 87

16’

32’

ATLANTIC AVENUE

DINSMORE PLACE

0’

The Body An intermediate field of light colored brick mitigates the articulated base and the airy upper storeys. It is mainly composed of punched windows and metal surrounds that cue into the materiality of the local context. 89

16’

32’

CHESTNUT STREET 0’

The Head The upper storeys serve as background ‘airy’ fields against the articulated foreground brick textures. They are comprised of light colored standing seam metal panels. Along the inner courtyard they receive a dappling of color. 91

16’

32’

View Title: View Type 92

The Kent From Parking to Housing : New possibilities for adaptive use In the rapidly reviving downtown community of Newark, the Kent transforms an obsolete vertical parking garage into a 148 unit mixeduse residential condo targeted towards Rutgers University faculty. The design retrofits the tower to accommodate a mix of apartments. A three-story amenity base anchors the building, activating multiple street fronts and contributing a lively presence in the heart of the university community. A new public access way through Linden Mews connects Linden Street to Rutgers open spaces and creates an open air food hall in the heart of Newark. Our design highlights the buildings “great bones” including the tower’s classic stepped massing by recladding the brick on existing piers. Portions of existing brick are infilled with new industrial windows that complement the robust character of the existing building and maximize daylight entering all living spaces. Fully glazed new penthouse units on 15th floor roof level of the take advantage of views over the river toward the Manhattan skyline.

LOCATION Newark, NJ SCOPE/ PROGRAM Adaptive reuse, Residential, Retail, Amenities, Parking, Public Space SIZE 148 units STATUS Unbuilt CLIENT RBH Group 93

Kent Automatic Garages were popular in several metropolitan areas from the late 1920s through the early 1960s as ways to accommodate the growing number of cars by stacking them vertically. Bearing a likeness to its counterparts in New York, the building has central mechanized elevators that hoist cars up and store them on independent floors. Several stories tall, these garages were decorated in terracotta, Art-Deco patterns that blended them with the surrounding urban fabric.

Terraced Gardens

Apartments in the heart of the city

Terrace Gardens is a 250 unit residential redevelopment project on a 3.7-acre site in one of Mumbai’s prime residential neighborhoods. It involves the phased rehabilitation of 77 units that are currently housed in two low rise older buildings, the addition of 173 market-rate units with supporting parking and amenities, and finally, an affordable housing component in exchange for saleable area bonuses. Two new 50 story towers are carefully positioned to maintain existing access points and salvage mature trees that currently abound the site. The overall massing is sculpted to step away from the surrounding buildings, progressively reducing floor plates and culminating in a double story penthouse on the uppermost level. Terraces gradually ascend the height of the two towers creating vertical gathering spaces that open out to spectacular panoramic views of the ocean and the Mumbai hinterland.

LOCATION Mumbai, India PROGRAM Residential SIZE Site Area: 3.7 Ac | 600,000 GSF | 250 units STATUS Unbuilt CLIENT Confidential 99

The skyline Together the two towers are in conversation with one another - their distinctive silhouette participates in the composition of the city’s skyline.

100

Tower 01

Tower 02

Secondary access point at Forjett Road

Common drop off for both towers

rje

Entrance to parking garage

tt R

Primary access for the entire development from

The Grange

The courtyard is kept free of cars at all times. In order to do so, all car movement has been distinctly separated from pedestrian movement and restricted along a perimeter loop.

Tower 01

Tower 02

Amenity space is multiplied and distributed vertically

Access to recreational greens stays car free

101

A continuos arcade frames the central communal green of landscaped terraces that elegantly tuck parking underneath and behind them. The cascading terraces ascend the height of the tower multiplying public amenties space along its entire height.

The Grange A lush refuge of community gardens, native plants, and water bodies create an outdoor microclimate shielded from the tropical sun.

102

103

Current buildings Current Meher

rje

tt R

Existing recreational green New datum

An s

te y

Ro a

Amalgamated site

1 Existing Site

2 Extending the Datum

Tower 01 under construction

Tower 01 occupied by Meher residents Tower 02 under construction

Common drop off for both towers

Undisturbed movement of Meher residents along Anstey road

rje

tt R

Parking podium

tt R

Phase 1

Driveway from the main road

Phase 2

The Envelope The facade is draped with precast brise-soleils running along deep loggias that wrap the entire the perimeter of the building. Together they shade the storey height glass windows from the harsh tropical low angled sun. 104

105

The Lobby Fluted panels create a dramatic backdrop for art in an otherwise minimal lobby. Full height glazing afford views and seamlessly connects to the lush tropical gardens outside. 106

107

108

The views Upper level balconies and Loggias open out to phenomenal views of the bay

109

Service areas are consolidated with the core and screened away from the rest of the apartment and provided access to the apartment via the

VIE W

R DS

BO AR

Service entrance

utility balcony.

TOW A

06 03

Main entrance 04 02 08

Bedrooms have abundant natural light and ventilation and look to the ocean views.

The Dining deck provides for a space to unwind during meals in the open.

11 07

01 10

Living room opens out into a wide deck with panoramic views to the water front.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Living Room Dining Room Dining Deck Kitchen Utility Balcony Servants room Bedroom

8 9 10 11 12 13

TO WA R

E AB

Masterbedroom opens out to a wide deck with panoramic views of the waterfront.

OAR D

Toilet Powder room Master Bedroom Master toilet Walk-in Wardrobe Balcony

The unit Apartments are designed to leverage views and maximize natural light and cross ventilation. 110

111

Amenities are placed at a higher floors to multiply communal gathering spaces vertically.

112

113

4BHK 3BHK 2 Units / Core

3 Units / Core 4BHK

3BHK

4BHK 2 Units / Core

3BHK

Phase 1 Tower Morphology

Service Zone Living Zone

114

URBAN CONTEXT

Urban context

IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES

E GARDENS

Terraced gardens

IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES

115

THE UNITS - TOWER 1 THE UNIT: 3 BHK

- 3BHK (NORTH) TOWER 1

47 RESIDENTIAL FLOORS THE UNITS - TOWER 1

- 3BHK COMPACT (NORTH)

FSI CONSUMED: 3,97,660 SQ.FT

RESIDENTIAL FLOORS + PODIIUM PARKING 231M

TOP 2OF MUMTY

SERVICE ENTRY

MAIN ENTRY

24 storeys

EXISTING MEHER UNIT (2BHK) CARPET AREA: 1210 sq. ft. KEY PLAN

MASTER BEDROOM 31.2. Bed north BEDROOM 3. KITCHEN Carpet area: 4. LIVING/DINING ROOM 5. FAMILY ROOM Total units: 6. SERVANTS ROOM Floor levels:

PROPOSED MEHER SIZE (3BHK) CARPET AREA: 1815 sq.ft

KEY FEATURES • SEPARATE MAIN AND SERVICE ENTRIES • UTILITY AREA • MAIDS ROOM • MASTER BATH WITH DOUBLE VANITY • LIVING ROOM DECK

KEY P

KEY PLAN 3BHK NORTH CARPET AREA: 1816 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 9 nos. FLOOR LEVELS: 25th - 34th floor

1816 sq. Ft. 9 nos. 25th - 34th floor 0’

5’

10’

MAIN ENTRY

SERVICE +28M (SRA GROUND LVL) ENTRY

3BHK COMPACT (N) CARPET AREA: 1680 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 7 nos. FLOOR LEVELS: 17th - 24th flo

IMAGES SHOWN AREARE SUBJECT TOTO CHANGE IMAGES SHOWN SUBJECT CHANGEAS ASDESIGN DESIGN EVOLVES EVOLVES

20’

0’

5’

10’

3 Bed compact north Carpet area: 1680 sq. Ft. Total units: 7 nos. Floor levels: 15th - 24th floor

THE UNIT: 3 BHK THE UNITS - TOWER 1

- 3BHK (SOUTH)

THE UNITS - TOWER 1 - 3BHK COMPACT (SOUTH) THE UNIT: TOWER 1 3 BHK VERSION 2 47 RESIDENTIAL FLOORS FSI CONSUMED: 3,97,660 SQ.FT

TOP OF MUMTY

SERVICE ENTRY

EXISTING MEHER UNIT (2BHK) CARPET AREA: 1210 sq. ft.

PROPOSED MEHER SIZE (3BHK) CARPET AREA: 1815 sq.ft

3 Bed south KEY PLAN KEY FEATURES 1. MASTER BEDROOM SEPARATEsq. MAIN AND Carpet area: •1816 Ft. KEY PLAN 2. BEDROOM SERVICE ENTRIES 3. KITCHEN • UTILITY AREA Total units: 9 nos. 4. LIVING/DINING ROOM • MAIDS ROOM 5. FAMILY ROOM • MASTER BATH WITH Floor levels: 25th - 34th floor 6. SERVANTS ROOM DOUBLE VANITY

24 storeys

SERVICE ENTRY

RESIDENTIAL FLOORS + PODIIUM PARKING 231M

MAIN ENTRY

KEY P

1 3BHK SOUTH CARPET AREA: 1816 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 9 nos. FLOOR LEVELS: 25th - 34th floor

0’

5’

10’

+28M (SRA GROUND LVL)

3BHK COMPACT (S) EXISTING MEHER UNIT (2B CARPET AREA: 1680 sq. ft. CARPET AREA: 1120 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 8 nos. FLOOR LEVELS: 17th - SIZE 24th flo PROPOSED MEHER (3B CARPET AREA: 1680 sq.ft

IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES

20’

3 Bed compact south Carpet area: 1 680 sq. Ft. Total units: 8 nos. Floor levels: 17th - 24th floor

0’

116

10’

20’

0’

40FT

5’

10’

THE UNITS - TOWER 1 PENTHOUSE - 4BHK PENTHOUSE (NORTH) THE UNIT: 4 BHK NORTH

THE UNIT: 4 BHK SOUTH THE UNITS - TOWER 1 PENTHOUSE - 4BHK PENTHOUSE (SOUTH) TOWER 1 47 RESIDENTIAL FLOORS FSI CONSUMED: 3,97,660 SQ.FT 1

MAIN ENTRY

TOP OF MUMTY

SALE UNIT CARPET AREA (UPPER FLR.): 1243 sq. ft.

SALE UNIT CARPET AREA (UPPER FLR.): 1243 sq. ft. 6

KEY PLAN

MAIN ENTRY

SERVICE ENTRY

SERVICE ENTRY 4

MAIN ENTRY

4 BHK PENTHOUSE (N) CARPET AREA: 2490 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 2 nos. 2 FLOOR LEVELS: 25th - 43rd floor SALE UNIT N CARPET AREA (LOWER FLR.):1379 sq. ft.

SALE UNIT CARPET AREA (LOWER FLR.):1379 sq. ft.

THE UNITS - TOWER 1 THE UNIT: 4 BHK MAIN ENTRY

0’

5’

10’

20’

4 Bed penthouse south IMAGES SHOWN AREARE SUBJECT TOTO CHANGE IMAGES SHOWN SUBJECT CHANGEAS ASDESIGN DESIGN EVOLVES EVOLVES Carpet area: 1243 sq. Ft. Upper lvl 0’ 5’ 1379 Sq. Ft. Lower lvl Total units: 9 nos. Floor levels: 25th - 34th floor

scale = 1:150

4 Bed penthouse north Carpet area: 1243 sq. Ft. Upper lvl 1379 Sq. Ft. Lower lvl Total units: 9 nos. Floor levels: 25th - 34th floor

- 4BHK

TOWER 1 47 RESIDENTIAL FLOORS FSI CONSUMED: 3,97,660 SQ.FT

SERVICE ENTRY 3 6

KEY PLAN

4 Bed Carpet area: 2490 sq. Ft. Total units: 19 nos. Floor levels: 25th - 43rd floor

KEY PLAN 1. MASTER BEDROOM 2. BEDROOM 3. KITCHEN 4. LIVING/DINING ROOM 5. FAMILY ROOM 6. SERVANTS ROOM

4 BHK CARPET AREA: 2490 sq. ft. TOTAL UNITS: 19 nos. FLOOR LEVELS: 25th - 43rd floor SALE UNIT CARPET AREA: 2490 sq. ft. 0’

5’

10’

RESIDENTIAL FLOORS + PODIIUM PARKING 231M

TOP OF MUMTY

24 storeys

RESIDENTIAL FLOORS + PODIIUM PARKING 231M

MAIN ENTRY

KEY FEATURES • SEPARATE MAIN AND • ADDITIONAL FAMILY SERVICE ENTRIES ROOM • UTILITY AREA MASTER BATH WITH +28M•(SRA GROUND LVL) • MAIDS ROOM DOUBLE VANITY • DRY KITCHEN AND • CROSS VENTILATION BREAKFAST NOOK • OUTDOOR DECK • STUDY

IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES IMAGES SHOWN ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AS DESIGN EVOLVES

20’

0’

117

10’

20’

40FT

KEY PLAN 1. MASTER BE 2. BEDROOM 3. KITCHEN 4. LIVING/DIN 5. FAMILY KEYROO PL 6. SERVANTS R

KEY FEATURES • SEPARATE M SERVICE EN • UTILITY ARE • MAIDS ROO • BREAKFAST • (SRA ADDITIONA +28M GRO 4 BHK PENTHO ROOM CARPET AREA: • MASTER BA TOTAL UNITS:VA 2 DOUBLE FLOOR LEVELS: • OUTDOOR

10’

View Title: View Type 118

The Trees

Transforming Mumbai’s erstwhile Industrial estates The Trees is a flagship project that has transformed a former brownfield site into a lively mixed-use district in Mumbai’s northern quarter. The site is surrounded by 1,750 acres of mangroves and is well connected to downtown Mumbai, its railways network as well as the International airport. The master plan salvages much of the sites mature rains trees. Nesting between them, buildings have been massed to distribute density into a combination of mid rise blocks and taller towers. The block creates a “street wall” that shades inner courtyards and is punctuated periodically with breezeways. Taller towers bookend the block and are positioned to leverage mangrove views. At the street level, pedestrian walkways connect neighborhood amenities, retail and cultural spaces. In 2018, the first phase delivered a diverse mix of 300 residential units and a lively retail street setting the tone for the rest of the phases. In the units, storey height glass windows maximize natural light and ventilation. Balconies are integrated in every unit and function as extension of the living rooms providing flexibility in the layout of the units. Terraces vertically multiply green and provide breathing rooms at upper levels.

LOCATION Mumbai, India PROGRAM Residential, Retail, Clubhouse Amenity, Parking SIZE Site Area: 9 Ac | 300 Units STATUS Phase I Delivered and Occupied CLIENT Godrej Properties, India 119

9 3 7

4 9 2

4 5

3 4 4 9

10 3

7 9

7 9 9 2

3 9 4 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

SITE PLAN Site Plan

8 9

ENTRY DROP OFF BREEZEWAY LOBBY COURTYARD TROPICAL FOREST RETAIL OFFICE MAIL ROOM

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

LIBRARY KID’S PLAY AREA SIT-OUT FIRE HYDRANT ROAD GYMNASIUM RECEPTION LOUNGE RESTAURANT SQUASH COURT TENNIS COURT

120

Early Massing iterations 121

MaSSING STUDIES

The massing distributes density into a combination of mid rise blocks and taller towers. The block creates a “street wall” that shades inner courtyards and is punctuated periodically with breezeways. Taller towers bookend the block and are positioned to leverage mangrove views.

The master plan salvages much of the sites mature rains trees and repurposes selected warehouse at cultural and communal spaces 122

Construction photo - 2017

123

Study model for Retail Streetfront

124

125

126

127

Penthouse facade studies

128

Penthouse facade studies

129

Span Engine Systems Office Retrofit Mumbai

The Stacks Adaptive Reuse Pittsburgh

LOCATION Mumbai, India

LOCATION Pittsburgh

PROGRAM Adaptive Reuse, Office

PROGRAM Office, Retail, Landscape

SIZE 5000 GSF

SIZE 180,000 GSF

STATUS Built and occupied

STATUS In Construction due for completion in late 2021

CLIENT Span Engine

CLIENT Oxford Development Company

130

Top: Godrej Trees, India Bottom: Vanke Innovation Garden, China

BML Munjal University, Delhi

LOCATION Beijing

LOCATION Delhi, India

PROGRAM Office, Retail, Parking

PROGRAM 10,000 student campus with classrooms, labs, administration, housing and support spaces.

SIZE Site Area: 4.7 Ac | 500,000 GSF

SIZE 1,500,000 GSF

STATUS Phase 1 delivery late 2021

STATUS Phase 1 delivered and occupied

CLIENT Vanke, China

CLIENT Hero Group 131

132

competitions

133

View Title: View Type 134

Nomi Women’s shelter for the Nomi network

The design carefully considers the projects future goals of providing economic opportunities for women at risk of human trafficking. In doing so it looks at the context of the Centre and the aspirations of the people who will live and work here. It also realizes the importance of integrating the women into the larger community and looks at the site as the creating opportunities for events and activities that will go beyond training and become a hub for the larger context that it is located in. Functional and purpose driven yet evocative and familiar, the design has incorporated vernacular typologies, building technologies as well as local materials and craft. The proposal sees the buildings as an extension of the craft of textiles and weaves and allows for the same empirical knowledge to be brought to the buildings. The ‘primordial’ forms are direct expressions of responses to climate and aspire to create an environment that is familiar yet thoughtfully designed.

LOCATION India PROGRAM Training, Production and Community Center, Housing units SIZE Site Area:1 Acre | 50,000 GSF DESIGN TEAM Buvana Murali, Amit Arya, Jose Miguel CLIENT NOMI Network

135

The design parti was inspired by the vernacular Angan or the courtyard that is enclosed yet porous, allowing for collective spaces that could form extensions to the classrooms, production facilities and domestic zones

The courtyards vary in scale and function. The larger courts allow for farming activities that the residents would engage in. The smaller ones function like Kunds, traditional water harvesting areas capturing runoff from the roofs during the monsoon. The excess is then redirected via swale networks to surrounding watersheds.

1 Site as Agrarian landscape

2 Programs zoned into production (P), training (T) and housing (H) clusters

3 An east-west ‘breezeway’ captures prevailing winds thus creating a pathway linking various clusters.

4 Roof slopes capture and direct run offs to water bodies, excess is allowed to drain to surrounding watershed via swale networks. 136

Radiation study Passive cooling strategies have been used to create building forms that create shaded courtyards and walkways that remain cool all year round.

137

6 10

11 10

12 8 5

8 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Production center Security Community space Storage Training center Conference room Offices Housing

9 10 11 12 13

Day care center Courtyard Kund waterbody Farming Parking

138

3 3

5 4

139

0 0

01 3’

05 16’

10 32’

20 M 65ft

01 Bamboo connections and joinery.

02 Fluted bamboo roof 100mm Membrane waterproofing 10mm Ratten panelling 10mm

03 Porous walls of Brick Flemish bond with random variable projections.

Farmland

140

Swale

Production center

STACK EFFECT

FLOOD DESIGN

VERTICAL EXPANSION

Placed in rural northern Bihar in the midst of farmlands, the design attitude has been to leave minimal imprint on the site and build in ways that give back to the land rather than take away from it. It does so by allowing the farmlands to creep into the site and the water to flow out and the air to move freely through the buildings.

Arcade

Community development

141

0 0’

01 03’

05 M 16 ft

Skylight with operable louvers

Fluted bamboo panelling

Lanterns Composite screens of bamboo form the shed roofs and allow light to filter in and out acting as beacons that dot the farmlands

Bamboo structural frame

Permeable walls

Kunds These seasonal water basins reference ancient impluvia and allow surrounding roofs - pitched inwards at various angles to drain into them. They create a focal point of reference for each cluster

Water body for passive cooling

142

The Module

The structure has two parts: A roof of bamboo sandwich panels on a bamboo skeletal framework and a base of perforated brick walls. Both materials are abundantly available in the region and more importantly easily allow for local labor to put them together.

The verticality of the form is derived from three functional aspects:

In keeping with the spirit of taking less and giving more, the program has been disintegrated into smaller compact modules that allow for vertical expansion.

2. Vertical expansion a second storey that could be added in later phases

1. Stack effect to create air stacks allowing for the circulation of air in this hot and humid region

3. Flood design all spaces have been lifted off the ground by a high plinth(3’-4’). Additionally second floor attics could function as refuge areas to be utilized in case of flooding.

The modules are clustered around larger ‘angans’ or courtyards based on their adjacencies viz: production, training and housing.

143

Expressive Vernacular From afar the roof silhouettes create a skyline of lanterns seen across the fields, serving as beacons for the program they host. The pyramidal geometries that form the design parti are gestural and inspired by vernacular forms and allow for future vertical scalability.

144

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Vilnian Progressions National Concert Hall Our proposal for the new National Concert hall is a collection of moments analogous to the City of Vilnius. Rather than create a singular monolith, we fragmented individual parts of the program, giving each its own expression and weaving “streets” into this assemblage, and creating a whole greater than the sum of its parts. Corners and courtyards act as fulcrums in the composition, so one can hear the sounds before encountering the source. The new concert hall is designed to be both an object and experience. Seen from a distance, its’ silhouettes speak to the striking red terracotta roof forms of the cities’ skylinea beacon seen across Lukišks Square and in the wider landscape of the city. Much like progressions in music, we have taken the turns of the city and imprinted them onto our site, to produce a composition of forms that are once familiar yet new. The building reveals itself in procession, in moments and memories, and allows Vilnian’s to discover its spaces and, most importantly, to wander in them every day. In that sense, it isn’t one-note. It is a symphony.

LOCATION Vilnius, Lithuania PROGRAM Multiple performance halls, Restaurant and bars, Recording Studios, Service areas. SIZE 220,000 GSF DESIGN TEAM Buvana Murali, Amit Arya, Sachin Mulay, Satish Saklani, Jose Miguel CLIENT City of Vilnius 147

Site Plan The new Concert Hall is woven into the landscape of Taurus hill and connects the northern sloped pathways to the southern forested cemetery.

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Bridge over Taurus Street Pedestrian Pathway Vehicular Driveway Taxi drop-off Entrance to basement

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Grand Hall Minor Hall Bridge to Cemetery The Bowl Remote parking zones

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Cultural Continuum Open and accessible to all, not just concert goers, it is meant to be part of a network of cultural institutions that connect Old town to the riverfront.

Imprinting the old city on the site The plan evolved by converging the site wide vectors and by imprinting the organic Old Town form onto the site.

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Bridge over Taurus Street Pedestrian Pathway Vehicular Driveway Taxi drop-off Entrance to basement Ramp Entrance to Foyer The Piazza The Exposition The Main Foyer Grand Hall Minor Hall Bridge to Cemetery The Bowl Remote parking zones

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The Grand Stair Large cascading stairs greet the audience as they arrive at the concert hall. They link the surrounding landscape to a raised central Piazza that doubles up as event space.

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Inspired by the triangulated roofs of the old city

Approach from Taurus Hill

The approach The triangulated geometries form the design parti, inspired by traditional Lithuanian straw art called šiaudinis sodas and the gables roofs of the Vilnius skyline. Moving closer, the building reveals its tactility. Its roughness isn’t meant to be precious; instead, it conveys the timelessness of a relic that has always existed, which is found only in nature, primordial in its form and feeling. Its’ surface is eroded - as if carved from the very hill on which it sits. 154

Omnidirectional approach The concert hall is designed to have multiple approaches and ways to connect to its neighbors without prioritizing any one direction.

Entrances Two formal entrances are arranged diagonally providing access from Pamenkalnio street and Tauro street.

Landscape concept Additional graded pathways provide universal access and intensify the pedestrian connections across Taurus hill. The ‘bowl’ a new performance space is its heart.

Views Capitalizing on its location atop the hill, all public gathering zones of the new Concert Hall are biased towards the views to Neris river and the new city center.

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Concert hall silhouttes in conversation with VIlnius skyline

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Historical monolithic form

Proposed Suture

Resultant Geometries

Elevated public space

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Design Morphology

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The Piazza Framed by triangulated geometries housing the two performance halls, the lobby and the exposition, the piazza is a civic space of gathering. It is open and accessible to the general public and affords spectacular views to the Vilnius skyline.

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Our aim is to design a concert hall that creates a new public space for the city and encourages the flow of people through the building. Our proposal seeks to maintain this openness - integral to our design, without disrupting the activity of the concert hall. To do so we separated the concert goers and the ‘flaneurs’.

Flaneur Circulation - the piazza Flanuers enter through the diagonally positioned grand stairs and circulate above at the plaza level. At this level, the exposition - a flexible exhibition gallery allows for multimedia displays as well as opens out onto the piazza for larger events.

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Audience Circulation - an interior Street Concert audiences enter via ticketed foyers at the two diagonal entrance points at the ground floor.

A bridge located at level 3 offers an internal cirulation pathway between the grand and minor hall. and enjoy spectacular views of the city.

They continue into a interior street that links various vertical cores and forms the main circulation spine along which concert audiences move. Courtyards and glass skylights puncture the plaza and bring daylight into this level.

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The Foyer Concert audiences are greeted with grand vistas of the city.

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The Restaurant

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Program Distribution Capitalizing on the spectacular views of the site, we have oriented all the gathering functions of the program towards the north. Namely prefunction spaces, restaurants, the exposition and the main foyer. The southern portions

of the site house functions that require limited daylight. Dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms and musician spaces are located in the south. Service and back of house zones are located primarily in the basement.

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Prefuncton area at the upper level

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Program Audience Performer Public Free Access Back of House/ Administration

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Entrance Grand Hall Prefunction Area Bridge to Cemetery Dressing Room Rehearsal Room Offices Loading / Unloading The Piazza

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Expo Interior ‘Street’ Parking Restaurant Minor Hall Preparation & Warehouse Central Kitchen Dressing Room Amplifier Room Library

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Main Foyer Reception / Ticketing Cloak Room Courtyard Commercial Premises Ramp to Basement Bistro Expo-Lower level Interior ‘ Street’ Minor Hall

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Grand Hall Lounge for performers Dressing Room (Conductor) Dressing Room (Chorus) Dressing Room (Soloist) Dressing Room (Artist) Stage Manager Room Security Station Bar

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Bridge connecting Grand and Minor Halls

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Expo-Upper level Cigar Bar The Piazza Prefunction Area Bridge to Cemetery Sound, Light & Projector Room Recording Studio Rehearsal Room Network Switch Room Amplifier Room

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Inspired by the striations found in weathered natural rock

Facade Panelization A

A timeless and Innovative Skin Our proposal seeks to embody the Vilnius roof-scape in the building . The terracotta skin we designed feels native to the place and has immediate connections with the skyline. Terracotta’s durability and its ability withstand severe climate made it the ideal choice for a civic building that will encounter a significant amount of wear in its lifetime. As a natural material mined from the earth, the subtle variation in color and the ability to use its plasticity to create custom profiles gave us the

freedom to design a skin that feel like gently eroded rock. To emulate the sense of a natural material we used ridges running diagonal to the normal of the datum in a direction that extends the slope of the hill towards the sky. The ridges perform the additional role of adding to the thermal mass of the envelope. Further the panelization rationalizes the geometry to a modular unitized system.

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Terracota is an ancient material with a rich tradition in the building industry but here we are pushing the ability of the material further. Contemporary manufacturing in terracotta allows the use of CNC machine tooled dies for extruding non standard shapes. Using the engobe technique to impart colors cover a spectrum that focuses on subtle variations and permits very special effects that bring the earthy colors of clay to mind.

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Prefabricated terracota wall cladding system, pan ellized for ease of instal lation with thermally broken attachments to substruc ture Ventilated Air cavity Waterproofing membrane Mineral Wool Insulation Structural Steel framing system

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Reinforced Concrete post-tensioned slab and wall system Diffused cove lighting Oak wood suspended soffit ceiling Oak wood panelling Oak wood floor boards

Acoustically treated oak wood panelling, bookmatched at panel ridges Prefabricated terracotta roof cladding system, re-inforced at roof access points Concealed rainwater gutter with grating cover

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Structural steel truss Light weight metal deck slab Sound insulation Oak parquet with impact insulation raised and seperated from reinforced concrete structural slab

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publications

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Affordable housing, Inclusive Cities

Essays and interviews with Elemental and Alfredo Brillembourg.

CULTURE CORNER>Photo Essay CULTURE CORNER>Photo Essay

CirCadian rhythms

A Spanish Approach Text and images by Buvana Murali and Amit Arya

ities are in a continuous process of atrophy and lamination. They become collective projects of selecting what is deemed memorable and worth preserving and what can be let go. The most predominant attitude towards ‘heritage’ remains that of preserving an artefact as is or as it was. The ‘as it was’ is usually an exercise of cleansing the historical actuality and going back to an imagined ideal. In the contested domain of whose history is to be preserved and how, there are few projects that present other attitudes to the ‘old’: from deep reverence to pastiche to montage. Such projects represent alternatives to ‘pickling’ and present other voices in the monologue of Whose City Is This Anyway? Spain represents a romantic and passionate layering of the spirit of ‘modern’ within cultural artefacts, buildings and places that represent the ‘old’. There is a conscious effort to create new interactions between disconnected eras. Examples in this photo essay exemplify these values over time and scale, ranging from small projects that sustain historic food markets through well-crafted

Through their lens, Buvana murali and amit arya capture Mumbai at dawn How does a city that never sleeps, wake up? Before the daily bread, news and produce come to your doorstep, they go through their daily cycles of distribution that begin long before the average person’s morning alarm rings. These circadian rhythms are fascinating in their use of the city’s infrastructure and interstitial spaces for spreading across their activities. Newspaper distributers use pavements along closed shop fronts, railway stations become the hubs for circulation and slaughter houses along the highways all utilise the sleeping city’s otherwise bustling roads. Trains and stations have a unique place as they form the arterial network for distribution given their far reach and lack of commuters at off peak hours. While mornings are moments for quiet contemplation for some, for others they are filled with the cacophony of trade and the smells and chaos of commerce. These instances, temporal for a few wee hours of the day are invisible to most of us. These twilight photographs render them visible.

The Palau de la Musica Catalana is a restoration project of the palace of Catalan music, where the building has been upgraded to accommodate new programmes while retaining its historical sensibilities and architectural identity. The improvements are subtle; technologically advanced methods of facade additions and expansions have been adopted to create an interesting marriage of the new with the old.

HISTORY AND HERITAGE

Fresh flowers 5.00am Dadar Station: Vendors line the route starting from the foot over bridge and spread out into Dadar station’s access roads. The aroma of a million fresh flowers temporarily overpowers the city’s incumbent pollution

additions, revive old plazas and amphitheatres with new forms of public spaces and keep alive unique historic monuments like Mezquita of Córdoba: the only living example of a church co-existing inside a mosque. This creation of a palimpsest of cultures living in the present represents a deep idea of historicity, offering an alternate approach to experiencing the history of our cities.

First train to town 4.30 am train to CST: En route to their early morning shift, labourers catch a few more winks on the empty seats of the first train

Facing Page: Metropol Parasol is a collection of six parasols hovering over the La Encarnacion Square in Seville. This is the site of a 100-year-old market that was redeveloped with a habitable sky roof overlooking the city. The project rejuvenates a historic part of the city by introducing new urban programmes, changing the old character of the city while constructing a new way to experience the plaza. Apr-Jun 2016 eì #ì ì # | 115

Feather dust 5.30 am JJ flyover: Trucks filled with chickens await their turn at the slaughterhouse

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URBAN BLUEPRINT>Public Initiative this exercise. Their approach posits a compelling paradigm to address the challenge of growing inequality in the Global South where they see the role of the architect as an aggressive lobbyist for affordable housing.

Affordability Through Public Participation Amit Arya and Buvana Murali in conversation with Alfredo Brillembourg, Founder, Urban Think Tank

he 21st century is experiencing an unprecedented challenge on mega-cities to provide equitable and affordable forms of social living. Affordability as an idea is slowly becoming a cliché with an ever-expanding inventory of gated communities and extravagant developments becoming the hallmark of every city. In the midst of global capitalist tendencies and the constant barrage of slum tourism packages, our sensibility to distinguish ‘the haves’ from ‘the have-nots’ has diminished. Alongside increasing adversities, the resilience for survival in the informal sector has led to new models and typologies of habitation. The

occupation of Torre David in the city of Caracas, Venezuela, was one such event. It captured the world’s imagination and became a symbol of a community’s resolve to take control of circumstances, come together and, in the process, invent a new pattern of adaptability in the form of a vertical barrio (district). We spoke to Alfredo Brillembourg, founding member of Urban Think Tank (UTT), who has spent years documenting the phenomenon of Torre David. The UTT team has performed an urban and ethnographic study, both to campaign for the validity of such an occupation as well as initiate global dialogue on lessons learnt from

View of the entire development showing incremental additions to the floor levels

phoTo: Daniel SchwarTz, U-TT, eTh

The Torre David facade showing the additions implemented by the residents to complete an incomplete tower

The key is to incentivise the market to address the issues of bringing more equity to those who do not have adequate resources

Amit Arya (AA) - What is the significance of the occupation and appropriation of Torre David for our contemporary urban condition? Alfredo Brillembourg (AB) - Once we have established the fact that 50% of the world’s population is living on less than two dollars a day and that less than one percent of the world’s population controls 50% of the world’s GDP while the other 99% has control over the rest, then we can say that it is a significant amount to work with but it has to be efficiently distributed amongst the 99%. While we say that capitalism and market forces are the only way to go, we have seen that this new age of technological advancements has demonstrated a manifold increase in the unequal distribution of wealth and has further disenfranchised the lower spectrum of the world’s population from the growth of nations. Therefore it is necessary to find a new way to create a ‘common ground’ and address the growing problem of scarcity in the world, which is a man made fact. The key is to incentivise the market to address the issues of bringing more equity to those who do not have adequate resources. Torre David was one such attempt; it is a story of a fabricated scarcity, it is a symbol of the boom and the bust of a city: Caracas. It is not only a symbol of the economic capital that builds such kind of buildings but also a symbol of tragedy, the breaking of the economic market, the bankruptcy of a country, the rioting and the revolution of a disenfranchised population. The economical breakdown of Venezuela left the tower empty for 17 years while simultaneously the country grew poorer and more people found themselves homeless. In the city of Caracas, in a sheer moment of desperation 3,500 of them started squatting in the empty tower to escape the terrible monsoon floods. They inhabited the tower and kept moving up floor by floor as the population grew and created a cooperative in order to pay their electricity bills. Then they invited UTT inside to show them how people with their limited microincomes are completing the unfinished tower. So we approached the government with the idea that Torre David could become a perfect example of a Private/Public partnership with a small amount of micro-loans to create a new model of social housing. It could be finished by bringing in an elevator company and using the existing tower as a

place for installing energy efficient interventions, which would make the development a sustainable model by generating power autonomously, thus attaining a 30% off the grid status. In essence, Torre David is a significant example of taking a ruin and converting it into a model project of appropriation. The future of cities depends on our efficiency to build the new on top of the old, by reutilising vacant buildings and underserved assets in the city to avoid sprawl and contain the existing footprint of our cities by reprogramming them in innovative ways.

URBAN BLUEPRINT>Affordable Housing

Buvana Murali (BM) - Describe the affordable city of the 21st century. AB - The fastest way out of poverty is to migrate and since the Western colonial powers had not invested enough into their former colonies you see a migration to the places of power from the Global South to the Global North. In countries like China and India there is massive migration to urban areas; if we do not anticipate and act with imagination, their cities will become hell and start looking like Caracas waiting to enter a revolution. Sprawling cities require costly infrastructure and the appropriation of agricultural land, which is not a sustainable model. For example, India’s proposal for ‘smart’ new cities of the future is not a good idea because I believe that the smartest city is not a technologically loaded one but a very efficient low-tech city. Dharavi is one of the smartest cities or urban villages, which generates millions of dollars in revenue each year despite its limited resources. Though favelas and shanties are not the perfect urban conditions, they tell us how people want to live with few means and an economic push towards basic infrastructure by the government. The 21st century city is not about building the ‘perfect’ solution, because what is ‘perfect’ for society? Not what China is doing by demolishing the Hutongs and their human scale and pushing that population into fast paced, badly built 40-storey tall towers on the outskirts of Shanghai. This is a repeat of the mistakes of Pruitt-Igeo in St. Louis, Missouri. The fact is we are living in a formal and an informal city at the same time. A layer of informality will remain in our cities in the 21st century because people have found extremely resilient ways to live in cities. Rather than invent new solutions in our heads we must look at how people are living in cities today, embrace the informality and provide solutions to formalise them by way of micro-loans and infrastructural ideas. Encourage a do-it-yourself attitude like Aravena did in Chile or what UTT did in Caracas with the ‘Growing House’ project where we learnt from the Favela of Caracas and their 25 year house building cycle, where

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Micro-Living

A novel Paradigm for Urbanisation

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he biggest challenges facing housing in the urbanised world today are accessibility and affordability of a house for all. Cities around the world have delved into the idea of affordable living for decades with varied levels of urgency, focusing on different aspects of the problem and constructing solutions to address growing challenges of density. Designers in South America have focused on affordability, unit type repeatability and onsite rehabilitation solutions for migrant populations living in the city. In Asia, examples have focused on large-scale rehabilitation in intensely populated and dense mega-cities in the form of site and service schemes as well as subsidised housing strategies funded by government grants to address the lack of formalised housing settlements. However, in most of the western world, the housing challenge has been plagued by the concern to keep housing in cities affordable for all. Cities like New York, London, San Francisco, Los Angeles and Chicago have seen a constant rise in the housing markets forcing people out to the suburbs by way of constant gentrification making downtown and inner city neighbourhoods unaffordable for most of the population. While these cities have seen a constant rise in the price of housing, it has not deterred the steady increase of migration of highly-skilled, working-class individuals seeking employment opportunities in the cities. The skilled working-class population is represented by the single male/female between 25-35 years of age looking for an affordable housing solution without an excessive demand for space. This user type represents close to 52% of the total population in need of housing in urbanised areas of the city (Graham Hill, founder of the small-living site LifeEdited.com). Thus an urban dichotomy of an increasing demand for affordable living within steadily rising unaffordable cities requires ‘out of the box’ solutions. One such growing experiment in American cities like New York is the idea of ‘micro-living’: a relatively inexpensive idea to provide a compact yet comprehensive living environment for the single individual in a

India’s proposal for ‘smart’ new cities of the future is not a good idea because I believe that the smartest city is not a technologically loaded one but a very efficient low-tech city

elemental propose to rehouse the families in their existing location

half of a Good house Amit Arya and Buvana Murali explain Elemental’s solution to the problem of incremental social housing

What is a micro-unit? A working definition of a micro-unit is a small studio apartment, typically less than 350 square feet, with a fully functioning and accessibility compliant kitchen and bathroom. However, different cities have different sizes of apartments that, as per the state’s norms, qualify as microunit apartments. But the main restrictions applied on such developments come from the Zoning for Quality and Affordability norms, which encourage a variety of apartment types within a development thus restricting a developer to build an entire development comprising only of micro-units. However, legal restrictions notwithstanding, developers have shown a keen interest in micro-living and it promises to be the next big typology to become a ubiquitous phenomenon in cities around the world. There are reasons for this: • Micro-units are known to outperform conventional units in the marketplace. They are

able to achieve higher occupancy rates and garner significant rental premiums (rent per square foot) compared to conventional units. • Developers who have experimented with micro-units acknowledge that rental apartment communities that have a higher percentage of micro-units are more expensive to build since more units are placed on offer on the same property but a rent per square foot logic more than compensates for the added cost. • Micro-units provide the possibility of living in relatively inexpensive units in highly desirable or expensive neighbourhoods close to work and social life. Micro-units have displayed flexibility in the

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form of solutions that have been adapted both for the working class single communities in cities like New York and Seattle, as well as ideas for state/city sponsored schemes for the homeless and the impoverished population of cities like San Francisco. Two recent examples of micro-unit developments illustrate this flexibility. Carmel Place, NYC by nArchitects As per nArchitects, Carmel Place provides a ‘systemic new paradigm’ for providing affordable housing in cities, which face such challenges. More than 60 percent of all New York households comprise one or two people, yet there is scarcity of studio and small-sized

Carmel Place, NYC: A total of 55 Residential units ranging from 260-360 square feet each are housed in this building. The construction used pre-fabricated technology of steel frame modules with concrete slabs manufactured offsite over a period of nine months and assembled onsite over a span of four weeks

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The Resurgence of Wood as a Natural Building Material

dwelling units in two typologies. Rather than provide separate houses on lots which would not achieve the desired density on the land, or a high rise typology which would provide land efficiency but no possible flexibility for the future, Elemental proposed a prototype that provides horizontally interconnected units at two levels (a duplex unit sitting over a ground floor unit) with equal amounts of built and open voids in the middle for future expansion without overcrowding and providing the same quality of light and air in the expanded unit. Units provided on the ground floor have potential for lateral expansion on the ground on two sides and duplex units on the upper two floors have potential for lateral expansion on one side at two levels.

t is apparent that trees in many ways provide the most important solutions to our environmental challenges. Their preservation in dense urban environments and the use of natural wood in the construction of buildings are both important activities, which when done in a planned manner can provide sustained positive impact on the environment for generations. According to recent estimates, the construction industry in the United States alone contributes between 35-41% of the total CO2 emissions in the environment. Other countries have reported similar numbers, thus making the construction industry the single largest emitter of CO2 gases in the world. It has become imperative in our times to conceive of a new development model with new methods of construction that are far less detrimental to our physical environment. The future of construction will have to be based on building methods and construction materials that will contribute towards long-term ecological sustainability rather than short-term economical gains alone. Apart from some distinct advantages of using steel and concrete as a response to the current construction cycles, the excessive use of these non-renewable materials has had a huge impact on the environment. For example, most primary construction materials require tremendous amounts of energy during their formation. The diagram below gives a comparison of this. On the other hand, natural wood has

PHOTOS: TAdEuz JALOCHA (bEfOrE) / CriSTObAL PALMA (AfTEr)

Left: Development stages of the Quinta Monroy prototype Bottom: Quinta Monroy before and after

The Elemental Team from left: Alejandro Aravena, Gonzalo Arteaga, Juan Ignacio Cerda, Diego Torres, Víctor Oddó

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undergone considerable development in its engineering, making it fully adaptable to contemporary construction challenges and demands. One such experiment to evolve a new wood-based material was carried out in the early 1990s in Austria, which resulted in the development of an engineered wood material known as mass timber or Cross Laminated Timber (CLT). CLT in many ways is a comprehensive response to the environmental challenges posed by the excessive use of steel and concrete in the construction industry. Traditionally wood is an isotropic material: it is strong in one direction (along its grains) but weak in the other direction. The design and manufacturing technique of CLT provides strength to the material in both directions thus overcoming this limitation of wood. It is made by aligning beams of wood side-by-side and in layers. Each layer is laid perpendicular to the one beneath it. A thin layer of glue is placed between each layer and usually 5-7 such layers are sandwiched together to form a board. These wood boards are then placed in a massive press, which squeezes them together. If longer sections are required, serrated interlocking holds them together. They are then glued to the matching end of the other panel to create sections up to 78-feet long. The boards can be custom cut to incorporate openings for windows and utilities as per the architect’s drawings. This process of manufacturing has provided wood, and CLT in particular, the advantage of reentering

The future of construction will have to be based on building methods and construction materials that will contribute towards longterm ecological sustainability

the construction industry as a principal building material offering comprehensive utilisation as various building components. This recent advancement in wood technology coupled with growing realisations of energy consumption in the manufacturing of steel, concrete and aluminum for construction has provided an immense interest in wood construction. Compared to steel and concrete, wood is cheaper and easier to work with and can be assembled fairly quickly. It is more fire resistant 40 | MY LIVEABLE CITY • Jul-Sep 2018

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Top Left & Right: Typical CLT Block Bottom Left: CLT boards on construction site Bottom Top Right: Charred CLT Bottom Right: CLT connection method

Amit Arya looks at wood as a sustainable alternative for the construction industry to reduce its carbon footprint

I SKETCHES: ELEMENTAL

Most architects and designers either shy away from this challenge or work with the problem in a disengaged manner

Quinta Monroy, iQuiQue Chile, 2001 - 2004 In the case of Quinta Monroy in Iquique, Chile, the equation was challenging. How do you provide social housing on a $7,500 government subsidy (cost of land + house) per family for 100 families who were squatting on half a hectare of land in the centre of the city for 30 years? To make houses in that budget meant providing a 40-sq.mt. size of dwelling unit after reducing the cost expended on buying the land. Such a size was inadequate for growth. However, looking at the problem from an incremental standpoint of providing the essentials and designing for the growth is what made Quinta Monroy the first successful prototype of the ‘half of a good house’ philosophy. It has provided 93

PHOTO: Kim COurrègEs

established socio-economic networks, which form the backbone of the concept. Furthermore, avoiding relocation makes the subsidy-based project by the government an investment into social housing by making it an ‘appreciable asset’ because of its central city location, an important quality for its sustenance in the future. Lastly, Elemental’s concepts are based on the idea of infill solutions, which they aptly call ‘half of a good house’. Since maintaining the land parcel within the city costs much more in terms of land value only smaller/inadequate sized houses can be built within the prescribed government budget, these are ineffective for future growth of the community and family. However, Elemental proposes design solutions that provide half the adequate area immediately along with the basic framework in order to add the other half in progressive increments by the homeowner based on their resources over time. It provides complete flexibility to adapt a house on the basis of the family’s demands. To solve complex housing equations and yet design for flexibility within the preferred community context, within government prescribed budgets and making the community a stake holder in its future development is a unique proposition at multiple levels. It is an exercise in learning how to conserve, adapt and prioritise the immediate needs while proposing social housing ideas in the heart of the city thus maintaining the city and its future as an opportunity for all economic classes.

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In most of the western world, the housing challenge has been plagued by the concern to keep housing in cities affordable for all

THE JOY OF CITIES>Sustainability

Chile

desirable and well-connected neighbourhood of the city. There are multiple reasons why micro-living experiments are considered as popular living models for the future. Continuous economic uncertainty and job instability are leading many urban individuals who could afford larger residences not to part with their hard-earned money for high rents. There is a desire to live at a walkable distance from work and in urban cores and neighbourhoods with a strong social life. Finally, young single professionals yearn to live alone. An interest in smaller spaces, apart from being a practical solution, is also a reflection of the changing demographic of the apartment dweller in the 21st century. A growing trend of delayed household formation, an increase in single-person households, a decrease in car ownership and an overall tendency to accumulate fewer belongings and participate in the sharing economy has contributed to the rising demand for smaller affordable living solutions and amongst all examples of this the most radical is the idea of micro-units.

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URBAN BLUEPRINT>Support And Infill

rovision of social housing for the poor on a government subsidy is the most challenging problem facing the global urban condition today. Effective solutions are scarce and much work needs to be done for a long-lasting impact in the urban environment. More importantly, ‘outof-the-box’ ideas that challenge the status quo and demonstrate new attitudes to problem solving are the need of the hour. The problem is so widespread and the challenge so daunting that most architects and designers either shy away from this challenge or work with the problem in a disengaged manner. However, the work and ideas of Elemental, a group from Chile, has been seminal in addressing the complicated questions and challenges that face housing the poor in our cities. Their work and ideas on incremental social housing strategies over the last decade in several South American cities has, with repeated success, demonstrated new ways to resolve and engage with this issue. Though the concept of structure and infill solution as a means to provide stable and incremental models of social housing is a wellestablished idea, Elemental’s understanding of the challenges has been unique; that the biggest challenge in such projects is the initial capital cost of land and construction. So, rather than adapt the obvious solution of relocating the community to the periphery of the city where land is cheap in order to provide a bigger dwelling, Elemental propose to rehouse the families in their existing location. Thus maintaining the communities’ well

A local Haitian looks over young crops

Amit Arya and Buvana Murali elaborate on the new big idea for small, liveable spaces

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than steel or concrete, because of the way wood chars. It is also the most sustainable of materials as it acts as a carbon sink: sequestering the carbon dioxide absorbed during growth even after it has been converted into lumber. This means the use of wood is an important answer to arrest the growing carbon footprint of the building industry. The more wooden buildings we build the more carbon sinks we create. But the way to perceive a sustainable solution is not as much to replace the dominant Jul-Sep 2018 • MY LIVEABLE CITY | 41

Unbuilt 2.0: Architecture of Future Collectives Design Proposal for Community Development Center for the NOMI Network

MyLiveableCity

CULTURE CORNER>Photo Essay

MuMbai Waterfront

Part of the editorial team, writer, illustrator and photographer for the International publication covering all things urban.

old frontiers: Potential reuse and revitalisation amit arya and buvana Murali tell us why it’s imperative to save Mumbai’s now abandoned waterfront for our city’s future

umbai’s (erstwhile Bombay) geography as a peninsula is largely oriented westward. Few people know of the eastern edge of the city, once a thriving port and the very reason for the city’s growth in the 19th century as a global industrial metropolis. Kept mostly in the dark and obscured from public imagination, the Eastern Waterfront recently came into view with the opening of the Eastern Freeway. Mangroves, oil refineries, chemical plants, warehouses and ship building yards suddenly had an audience. A large portion of this land belongs to estates of the Bombay Port Trust (BPT) and amounts to about 1800 acres, about half of which are lying unused. There have been renewed political ambitions to create ‘public spaces’ on portions of this land, which the public is sceptical about. People are only too aware of the Mill Lands that met the fate of development and ended up with very little public domain. Even though the area is as conflicted as most land holdings in Mumbai, it offers the possibility of readdressing much of the city’s problems. Connecting Mumbai across the water to the mainland remains one of the last and most critical solutions to reducing the burden on the railways and refocusing the migration northwards to the east. In the regional growth scenario of the Golden Triangle (connecting Mumbai, Nashik and Pune), the Eastern Waterfront is vital as it connects the old centre with the hinterland’s emergent industries: special economic as well as agricultural export zones. The history of Mumbai’s seaboard is dotted with wars and exchanges as her ownership and administration regularly changed hands. The contested nature of authority still remains, as is the nature of all holdings of great value. What was her greatest asset in the 16th century, a protected port separated by water from the warlords of mainland India, now remains her biggest challenge. In the early 1600s, the British East India Company, facing considerable military and trade

The Tethered Beast: INS Vikrant just before it was cut and sold for metal scrap. Could not the redevelopment of the Bombay Port Trust lands have incorporated a re-use strategy for this Leviathan as public infrastructure?

BPT waterfront: A comparative analysis of scale of the Bombay Port Trust land with other waterfront developments from around the world

There have been renewed political ambitions on creating ‘public spaces’ in portions of the land, which the public is sceptical about

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THE JOY OF CITIES>Versatility city CULTURE CORNER>Amstredam

THE JOY OF CITIES>Photo Essay

Designing for Adaptability

David and Goliath: Old Streets for a new New York

Buvana Murali and Amit Arya propose a case for future growth centered on doing more from less by repurposing infrastructure, city streets, industrial landscapes and buildings

Text and images by Buvana Murali

n the late 1950s, Dutch Architect Herman Hertzberger opined that architecture should “…do more with less… the point is not to build more buildings but to revise the buildings we have.” Along with John Habraken, they believed that the architect’s role was not to provide a complete solution but a spatial framework to be filled in by the users.1 There is no time more significant than the present when this notion could take root. The pandemic has struck a blow to the very aspects that brought us together: our streets, cafes, restaurants, workplaces, shared housing, cultural institutions and public places. It also exposed the inequalities in our cities and the disparity in the access to housing, healthcare and public spaces. Studies reveal a disproportionate

Billionaires Row or 57th Street: This is where most of the pencil-thin towers are concentrated; it was designed as a thoroughfare. It was one of the 15 EastWest streets that would be 100 feet (30 m) in width (while other Manhattan streets were designated as 60 feet or 18 m in width). One can see 111 West 57th Street; the building is only slightly wider than the construction crane that is erecting the tower. It steps back much like Hugh Ferris’s original sketch of the sky exposure plane. One almost cannot tell how and where it meets grade. On closer examination, the lobby is sandwiched between older brick and limestone neighbours and is set back to maintain the base that ties it to the surrounding neighbourhood and creatively obscures the impact of the towers at street level.

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number of deaths in lower income group communities since social distancing was impossible in overcrowded housing.2 The costs of inaction are too high: carbon emissions made a sharp rebound after lockdown restrictions eased in various cities across the world compromising air quality and threatening to exacerbate the very symptoms of the disease. Even before the pandemic, buildings were responsible for 39% of global carbon emissions, and about one-third of emissions in the U.S. of which 90% construction debris ends up in landfills. There is a growing urgency to address energy and emissions from buildings and construction if ambitions for a 2°C reduction in global temperatures are to be achieved. An overhaul of construction methodology and

U.S BUILDING BUILDING U.S CONSTRUCTION WASTE WASTE CONSTRUCTION

2030 2030 2015 2015

Diagram illustrating the projected U.S building construction waste over a 15-year time-frame were it to occupy the entire Central Park in New York City

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Adaptive reuse of a 1970s office building into a 140 unit residential development

DIAGRAM: BUVANA MURALI & AMIT ARYA

Facing Page Animated Street Wall: Looking down Billionaire’s Row, immediately apparent is the ‘first tier’ of the wedding cake, after which most buildings are set back from the street. This base creates a pedestrian realm by tying the tops of the first tiers of buildings together in a continuous seven to 10 storey street wall. Above this tier, the setbacks begin responding to the sky exposure plane while creating adequate daylight penetration onto the street. This first tier is typically animated with decorative elements and textures that render depth to the facade while scaling the tower down to human scale.

t is only appropriate that the city that birthed the world’s first skyscraper continues to push the boundaries of building heights, making their way skyward. New York’s skyline has exploded with several shiny, super skinny, super tall and very expensive towers. The combination of global private capital, engineering advances and the phenomenon of transfer of development rights in the city have made it possible for pencilthin towers to exist along its 200-year-old streets. Needless to say, the shadows that the towers cast on the surrounding streets and parks as well as reduction of daylight into the neighbouring buildings have led to urbanists, community boards and non-profits anxiously lobbying for the planning process to be opened up to proper scrutiny. It was sunlight or the lack thereof that led to the city’s first zoning code. In the year 1915, when the Equitable Life Insurance Company’s structure was completed in Lower Manhattan, it was the largest office building in the world by floor area. It caused significant controversy since it was built without setbacks and does not allow sunlight to reach the surrounding ground. The following year, the city adopted the first modern building and zoning restrictions on vertical structures in Manhattan, the 1916 Zoning Resolution. The resolution incorporated ‘setback’ requirements to allow more light and air to reach the street. The code introduced the idea of the ‘sky exposure plane’, an imaginary envelope that slopes back from the street at a designated angle, which a building cannot penetrate, forcing towers to step back as they rise. In the 1920s, architectural draughtsman Hugh Ferris created a series of dramatic perspectives to demonstrate the sculptural consequences of the zoning law. The code – still relevant to this day – is in drastic need of re-examination in the light of the rapid rise of the super tall towers. Shadows and daylight aside, these towers have dealt with the street inventively, revealing the versatile nature of the city’s grid and its capacity to adapt to new building types. Each of the towers meet New York’s demands for retail and active street life, while satisfying market and engineering needs. It is a delicate dance: a three-dimensional composition that has to consider views from a 10mile radius (visibility from surrounding boroughs) to the immediate impact within a 50-foot radius.

There is a growing urgency to address energy and emissions from buildings and construction

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THE JOY OF CITIES>Walkable Cities

JOY OF CITIES>New York

Streets: The New Frontiers for Public Space

Moments of Supreme Nothingness

as housing in proximity to offices, schools and grocery stores, and availability of multiple transportation options such as subway, rail, bus and pedestrian-friendly sidewalks, bicycles and motor vehicles. Cities like New York, Boston and Washington DC that score high on walk-score indices (https://www.walkscore.com/methodology. shtml), typically have very high transit densities, low crime grades and high levels of pedestrianfriendly design. Prioritising the pedestrian in these environments requires a re-examination and reconfiguration of a city’s streets. Streets energise social and economic life and are essential circulatory and organisational systems for urban spaces. Designing for great streets requires planning and balancing many demands

The Wharf’s 60-feet wide signature street runs directly alongside the river’s edge overlooking its marinas

and activities throughout the day. ‘Shared Streets’, an idea well tested in Europe, is gaining traction in the United States as a means to reclaiming streets for pedestrians. Shared Streets is an urban design approach that minimises the segregation between modes of road users and provides pedestrians the right of way. This is done by removing features such as curbs, road surface markings, traffic signs and traffic lights. Hans Monderman, the Dutch traffic engineer who pioneered the use of this idea in the Dutch province Frysland, has suggested: “When you don’t exactly know who has right of way, you tend to seek eye contact with other road users. You automatically reduce your speed, you have contact with other people and you take greater care.” Many narrow, crowded streets around the world already operate informally as shared streets at busy times of the day or in congested areas. Shared streets work well in places where pedestrian activity is high and vehicle volumes are low or discouraged. Recognising streets as part of the public space network adds to the vibrancy and activity with outdoor dining, public seating, artwork and landscaping. In residential areas, shared streets become the extension of front yards, places to meet neighbours and to build communities. 54 | MY LIVEABLE CITY • Jul-Sep 2018

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Could obsolete building stock be used to meet the scarcity for affordable housing? The pandemic accelerated a trend in remote work that was already underway. At the time of writing this, several industries were considering extending their work from home policies permanently. This will impact not just the way we live and work but subsequently how we plan our cities. While it is too early to predict what changes this would entail, the future office will be designed around interactivity and be less about meeting cubicle counts. The bulk of older office stock with smaller floor plates and outdated ventilation systems, especially those that were already vacant pre-Covid, will be hard to lease. They may, in fact, be better suited for residential use, given their location in downtown areas that are central, walkable, lively and well-connected to mass transit. Several cities use tax credits and abatements to incentivise office-to-apartment conversions in areas that have a glut of obsolete office stock and an undersupply of residential units. Such conversions are not new; over the last few

Bryant Park Rink

Buvana Murali and Amit Arya show us the importance of public spaces to New Yorkers and explain why every city should have a space where people can blissfully do absolutely nothing

PHOTO: BUVANA MURAL

fter more than a century of sprawl, America’s metropolitan walkable urban places are overtaking driveable suburban counterparts in their market share and showing substantially higher rental premiums. The trend is leaning towards revitalising city centres as well as urbanising suburban areas. Research is beginning to show direct correlation between walkability and higher levels of GDP as well as a greater educated workforce. In addition to the obvious health and environmental benefits, research also shows that walkable areas are more socially equitable, because access to cheaper public transit and employment offsets high costs of housing. The keys to walkability are high density, adjacency of a mixture of spatial products such

Thinking on their feet: Adapting city streets Expecting the rise in vehicular traffic as people return to private vehicles and their effect on pollution and congestion, cities such as Paris, London and Milan were quick to adapt their network of streets to accommodate more pedestrians and cyclists and ban cars from entire districts. Streets are being used for outdoor dining, allowing the restaurants and cafes that were suffering for lack of customers to remain open. Using as little as paint and traffic cones they tactically adapted to the public need for outdoor life. These changes may well be on their way to becoming more permanent. In a move that could usher the next era of urban street life, city governments across the world pledged various proportions of their roads to dedicated pedestrian and bike lanes, eliminating private vehicles altogether. The versatility of the existing city grids and the combination of

progressive governance and political will made possible what would otherwise have taken years of bureaucratic paperwork. The opportunity is ripe to adapt our cities to be less car dependent, place pedestrians and cyclists at the core and to prioritise safety and health over traffic.

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Buvana Murali showcases the most walkable cities in the world and tells us how more places could become pedestrian-friendly

our approach to building is front and centre in debates about how to arrest climate change. The twin crises demand us to be more thoughtful, efficient and democratic in our distribution of resources. Creating systems that have multiple lives, are accessible to many and flexible enough to allow for a diversity of usage for extended periods of time, have both ecological and economic urgency.

The transformation of Fort Street, Auckland, into a shared street turned a district into a destination, increasing visitors for shopping and other activities and showing a measurable increase in pedestrian volumes and consumer spending. Van Gogh Walk, previously Isabel Street, is the centrepiece of a resident-led project in Stockwell, a district in South London. This project has transformed a traditional street into a new, shared street and community space. A recent successful project in the United States is The Wharf DC: the redevelopment of the Southwest Waterfront that was once a neglected and largely sequestered section of the city into a destination with high density and multi-modal transit. It now boasts being the largest expanse of ‘shared space’ streets in the country. Borrowing from the Dutch idea of the Woonerf, wherein all modes move slowly on the same plane, the designers – Perkins Eastman Architects – promote the notion of controlled chaos. Thus instead of putting a park next to the water, they opted for a street with cars. The Wharf’s 60-feet wide signature street runs directly alongside the river’s edge overlooking its marinas. It has zones rather than lanes, indicated by subtly different patterns of grey paving; then a promenade with trees closest to the water. The street proper mixes people

lizabeth Diller, partner at DS+R and architect of New York’s latest beloved public space, is famous for having once said, “The High Line, if it’s about anything, it’s about nothing, about doing nothing. You can walk and sit, but you can’t be productive.” Public spaces in cities that are bustling with labour and production, where people are always going somewhere and doing something, need moments like these: moments of supreme nothingness. New York is an example of a challenged metropolis where an ever-decreasing footprint of private space gets compensated by an ever-increasing accessibility to public space and new ideas of inhabiting the urban realm. In its four centuries’ old evolution, the city has also consciously redefined its approach towards open public spaces. It is difficult to believe that a century-and-ahalf ago, graveyards used to be the spaces New Yorkers would visit to enjoy ‘a breath of fresh air’. That was until Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, fresh from their trips to Europe and inspired by the European planning movements, won the competition to build Central Park. Envisioned in 1858, their entry: the Greensward Plan, replaced existing farmlands and topography with fanciful, dreamlike vistas, grand promenades, enchanted forests and artificial lakes. It also displaced about 1,600 residents; many of them freed black slaves living in an area called Seneca Village. The park hadn’t been a part of the plan made for the city in 1811 because it was believed that the city’s lengthy shoreline

Left: Elfreth’s Alley, the oldest residential street in the United States and a designated National Historic Landmark Right: Narrow mews at The Wharf, DC

Shared Streets is an urban design approach that minimises the segregation between modes of road users and provides pedestrians the right of way

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would provide the respite the people needed. However, the opening of the Erie Canal connecting the mid-west with Europe turned the young port city into a booming metropolis. Wave after wave of migration pushed the population northward from the southern port. The city – realising that its burgeoning population was desperately in need of public green space – responded with the creation of a park ‘for the enjoyment of all regardless of class, gender and race’. That the park was democratic, was itself a radical idea because, until then, green spaces were restricted to gardens that were part of private estates. The city already had in place smaller and lesser known but equally beloved parks. Each of these had curious ways of coming to be and did not always start with a grand plan. Bryant Park, home to New York’s famous fashion week through the ’90s, used to be the location of New York’s water reservoir in the 1840s. A decade later, it hosted the New York Crystal Palace, featuring thousands of exhibitors. In 1895 it became home to New York City’s Public Library and still abuts the park to this day. Few people know that the bulk of the library’s book stacks are stored below the park. In the 1980s, after going through a period of dereliction, the Bryant Park Restoration Corporation was formed by a group of prominent New Yorkers, including members of the Rockefeller family, to improve conditions in the park. Today, this is one of New York’s most successful, heavily programmed and privately managed public spaces. Further south, Madison Garden, which was

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