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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ “Ψ´” Æ ^¨„Xm¨´” ÏÕ∆F´‚ F´vF´m›´. ^¯˘

Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´

ˆ´Ï∑´{´” Ψ´”∑´©´©´”≠ uÌÏ©´ §„X·ˆ´ˆ„y ˆ´~„¨„X@”t ∏Ì˘~´”; ˆ´ÌN©Ê §„X·ˆ´¨´¯˘ ÏB´‘≥´”ƒ´m˙„ ƒ´G˚´ ∏Ì˘~´”;

e-book

ˆÊ¨´m∏‘ˆÊ~´~´” ∏¨´”q©´ F´‘›´@” ƒ´G¶ˆ„X˚´∏Ì˘~´”; ^©„x·∆F´ˆ´~´” ©„ÌÆLÌ∑´{´ ^¨´”j˙´ ^©„x·∆F´fi„, ≥ÊB´≥´∑´{´©´”≠

ϨÊtS|Œ∑´{´ / Õˆ´¸ˆ´~´ ƒ´G˜˛ ≥ʘ˙´t ˆ„}°¶

B„·{´∏Ì˘~´”; ϺÊÛ`∑´{´” F´vˆ´…˛@”¯˘ B´”¨´”fl~´”ƒ´ ƒ„}ºÊÛ`ˆ´ ≥´˙´t∑´{´©´”≠ ˛ªßˆ„X˚´∏Ì˘~´” ; e·ƒ´©´ ›´‘˙„v∑´{´” ƒ´”B´`·@”~´” ∏¨´”q©´ ¨´z´Œ©´ ƒ´G¶ˆ„X˚´ ∏Ì˘ƒ´I; Ù˛BÊ≥´ˆÊ~´~´” ±flB„X·¨´ J¿©„∑´{´©´”≠ F´I©´f

Ó„·¨„v n©W. ƒ´”mL”©ÊS¨´ ˆ´]ÿ∑„ ˆ´¿”‚ƒ´m˙„ ∏]ÿ≥´∏Ì˘~´”, ƒ´””m¨Ê∑´∏B´”¨Ê¨´ J¿©„∑´{´ Ùw”ˆ´” ©„X·¿ƒ´©´X≠ u¨´fl≥´∏Ì˘~´”; ¨Êz´Œ`ˆ´~´” ∏¨´”q©´ ^S¨´ŒF´«wŒ˙„@” ∏∑„∫ F´vº„Û ˙´m¨´”ˆ„X˚´∏Ì˘¨´”...

“ BʧW∏XvˆW ºÊˆW≥´©W ( “| | ºÊ@hW ±iFW ‘·¶m∑W ‘·¶m∑W“))

F´vˆÊz´ˆ´~´ ©´”¶ Ó„·¨„v n©W. ƒ´”mL”©ÊS¨´ , nm.n., (°eº„ nmß, n§Wn§W.[.,) (Ωc.cÍ.ΩkÍ<) , F´v≥Ê~´ `ƒÊŒB´ˆ´~´”, ±ˆÊz´ƒÊ], p˙´v¨´”∑´Œ ˆ´…˛∑´{´” : Applied English Course (9th Edn. 14th Impression), English Grammar, English Language Games, A Practical Handbook of Audio-Visual Aids for Teaching of English, Vocabulary, Word Power

≥´Xy§W ˚„}‘, ˆ´S¨„ B„·{´”ƒ´ ≥´ƒ´”@”, ©Êª©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book, Ïz´x≥´m≥„a, qxeˆW√, ˆ´~„X·˚WF´˛ qxºW, Ï≥´Z@” (ƒ´”ˆ´y{´ ≥ÊB´≥´ ˆÊ¨´m∏‘), Ùmfl˘∆FW ¥ÓÊ∆FÊ ±¿∑´{´”, ˆ´©´≠˚´ ¥ Ó Ê∆ F Ê ±¿∑´{´”, Ùmfl˘∆ F W F´¨´≥´mF´˙´”Ú, z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´, Ùmfl˘∆ F W ¥ Ó Ê∆ F Ê Ó„X·◊¨´©„∑„Xm¨´” ¨´…ˆWÆz´vƒ´w Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w∑´{´ ˆ„}°¶, Ù˙Êt|. z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘ : Ωk>D ‘m¨´ Ù¯˘@”ƒ´~„∑„ ˙´ƒ´”Z ©Êt∆F´©´§W Ù`√b‚¿XtMW ±iFW Ùmfl˘∆FW ƒ´”˙´”Ú zÊm˛`ˆ„·˙´©W Ù`√b‚¿XtMW ±iFW Ùmfl˘∆FW BÊ∑´X Ó„·¨„v F´v˛∆FÊ•©´ (Bedre Foundation for Non-Formal Education, Research and Training) ≥´m≥„a∑´{´¯˘ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” ®øc “Applied English Course” Õ[~´∑´{´©´”≠ ©´˚„ߨʤ~„. ˙´ƒ´”Z¨„· ≥´xm˙´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@” B„Xm|¨´”¤ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ƒ´”˙´”Ú Ù˙´~„ ±◊¨´”`ˆ´ ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´”∑´{´ ≥EÌ¥Ó´tƒ´©´”≠ B„Xm|~´”ƒ´ q~´” ¥ÓÊ∆FÊ F´v\X·∑´zʧ„ B„Xm|~´”˙ÊÚ~„.

F´I~´≥Êy~´ : ΩkkÍ ~´¯˘ ¥ÓÊ~´˛·@” LX`@”~W À„m∏~W©´ƒ´~´“Out-standing Indian Youth -1996” ~Ê∆F´Ã F´vz´ßÚ, Ωkkk~´¯˘ @””©„≥„Xy· ≥´m≥„a∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥´mJ¿©„∑´{´ ¥ÓÊ~´˛·@” uˆ´Xy¿¨´ Õˆ´¸w ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©„ @””©„≥„Xy ~Ê∆°Ã·@” F´vz´ßÚ ƒ´”˙´”Ú LFÊ`©´ ©„X·‘ ÙMʈ´”~´ FÊv\X·e˙´ p©´≠¨´ F´¨´ˆ´ . ˆ´ƒ´”ŒÏ·~´ ¨´ ˛m∑´{´ Ó„X·©´≥W ≥´mpˆ„∑´{Êfl qxeˆW√ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥ÊB´≥´ qv·˚„∑´{´” nm∏ q~´” B„X˙´Ú∑„∑´{´©´”≠ Ùƒ´~´” ~´pß~´”ƒ´I¨´©´”≠ Ù¯˘ ≥´Z‘≥´∏B´”¨´”.

“^¨„§Ê˘¨´~´X ≥Ê◊¨Êt©Ê Ï”≥W?” “ˆÊt≥„MW©´¯˘ ˆ´S¨„, F´¨´t∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ„X¨´§„· ~„ˆÊ˚WŒ ƒ´G¶ ÙU‚¨´¤~„ ^¨´©´”≠ M„·FW ~„ˆÊ˚´Œ~W©´¯˘ BÊq ˆ„·{´∏B´”¨´” ^∆F„‚.” “∏B´{´ ^m¨„v Ï·¶\X· M„·FW©´¯˘ ~„ˆÊ˚WŒ ƒ´G¶ ÙU‚¨´¤~„ Ï·¶\X· ˆÊt≥„MW F„˘·@”~W©´¯˘ BÊq U.Ï.@”¯˘ ©„X·˚´∏B´”¨´”.” “^¨´” [¿”‚ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ± ‘·˛ ƒ´G˙Ê˚´”˙„Ú, F´¨´t Ψ´”˙„Ú ^m¨„v ©´mÓ„X·ˆÊ∑´”˙ÊÚ Ï”≥W?” ˜·∑„ ˙´~´∑´˛@”¯˘©´ uÓ„X»∏b»~´X um¨„Xm¨´” ˙´~´B´ F´v˛qv\”· ƒ´tˆ´Ú ƒ´G¶¨´”v. nÌ˘~´ ^¥[FÊv@” ˆ„·ª¨´ ƒ„”·§„ Ï”≥W ©´∑´”˙ÊÚ, “BE¨´”, ±¨´~„ `ƒ´”∑„ ± ˙´~´B´¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ߈„v B„·fl~´”˙„Ú·?” “˙´”mÓÊ ›„©Ê≠fl~´”˙„Ú, Ï”≥W.” “FÊÔ ~ ´ ^©„X≠·¨´©´≠ ß©„ƒ´G ˙´~´B´ ©„X·¶ ˆ´¯@”∏B´”¨´”. ˙´”mÓÊ Ùm¿~„ß‚m∑W ±fl~´”˙„Ú.” “≥´xÌN ˙´¶·‘, `ƒ„”ZÌ˘~´ ˆ„}@”¯˘@”X ^m˙´B´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ∏~´”ƒ´ |©´ ¨´X~´ƒ„·©´X ÙÌ˘.”

“BE¨Ê, ^¨´” B„·∑„, Ï”≥W?” “©„X·¶, `·ƒ´I ©´ƒ´”Z §Êm∑„x·ºW §ÊtÓW©´¯˘ ÙU‚~´”ƒ´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W∑´{´©´”≠ ©„X·¶|¤·‘ ˙Ê©„·? ^¨´©´”≠ ˚„≥WyMÊFW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ^©´”≠˙ÊÚ~„. ^¨´~´¨„· pˆ´y ~´XF´ƒ´©´”≠ §ÊtFWMÊFW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ^m˙Ê~„. ^¨´” `ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ ±ˆÊ~´∆F´”‚ pˆ´y¨Ê¨´¯˘ ^¨´©´”≠ ©„X·MW ∏”ˆW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ^m˙Ê~„. ^¨´” Ù©´X≠ pˆ´y ∑Ê˙´vˆ„y Ùª¨´”, ^m∑„}@”¯˘ ˜¶≥´”ƒ´∆F´”‚, ^m¨´~„ um¨´” ¨„X˚´d ˆÊtÌ”ˆ´”t§„·¿~W ∑Ê˙´v¨Ê¤¨´~„, ^¨´©´”≠ Fʃ´hWMÊFW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ^m˙Ê~„. ˜·∑„ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W∑´{´¯˘ Ó„·~„ Ó„·~„ Ï◊¨´∑´ªƒ„.” “^¨„v Ï”≥W, ^¨„· ƒ´G˙Ê˚„X· F´I≥´Úˆ´ ^m¨´v§Ê˘ ^¨´”?” “˙´¶·‘ B„·ªÚ·`. ‡ Fʃ´hW MÊFW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ^S ¨ ´ƒÊ ©„X·MW ∏”ˆW ∑Ê˙´v¨´ Ù§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW ‘·˚´~W ^©´”≠ƒ´ um¨´” VF´ˆ´~´w Ù¨„. ÙÆ∏”ˆW ^¨´©´”≠ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ (ÙÆ∏”ˆW ÙÆ∏”ˆW) (e-book) ^m˙´ ˆ´‘·˙Ê~„. ©´ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ‡ ÙÆ∏”ˆW ~´XF´¨´¯˘ ≥´mˆ´¯ß ˆ„XMÊ‚∑´ ± um¨´” VF´ˆ´~´w¨´¯˘ `ƒ´”Z F´Ô~´tF´I≥´Úˆ´¨´m˙´B´ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” Øcc F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©„≠· ˙´”m∏∏B´”¨´”. `ƒ´”Z

˜·∑„Xm¨´” F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´v≥´m∑´ B´§„X· iF„vm˚W√, F´‘·ˆ„¸∑´{„§Ê˘ ƒ´””fl¨´” ©Êƒ´I ~´º„∑Êfl B„X~´˚´”ƒ´ ƒ´””m›„ ©´ƒ´”Z zʧ„ @”¯˘ B´ÌƒÊ~´” ›´¿”ƒ´Uˆ„∑´{´©´”≠ ©´˚„ߨ´~´”. ƒ´””_tƒÊfl ~´º„@”¯˘ ©Êƒ´I §„}∏v‘∑„ B„·∑„ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ Ψ´Ó„·ˆ´”, B„X≥´ Ï∆F´@”∑´{´©´”≠ ˛{„Xy·Ó„·ˆ´” ^©´”≠ƒ´ ∏∑„∫ ©´ƒ´”Z ˆÊ˘≥W©´¯˘ ©´ƒ´hW ƒ´”mL”{Ê Ï”≥W B„·ªˆ„X¿‚~´”. ©´ƒ´”Z¨´” pˆ´y ˙´~´∑´˛. Ï”≥W º„X˙„∑„ ©Êƒ„§Ê˘ ˙´”mÓÊ iF„vm¶˘@Gfl ƒ´G˙ʶڷÏ. FÊÔ~´ ƒ´G˚´”ƒ´ ≥´ƒ´”@”¨´¯˘ ƒ´G˙´v F´v˛¥ÓÊ Ï”≥W ˙´”mÓÊ ßÈ´”‚. ±ƒ„”·§„ ©´ƒ´”Z§„˘· u∏»~´m˙„ ±¿ ±˚ÊÚ, ±¶≥ÊÚ n∆∆F„X‚m¨´” B„X≥´ B„X≥´ Ï∆F´@” ∑´{´©´”≠ B„·ªˆ„X˚ÊÚ~„ ^m¨„v, ÎBW! `·ƒ´« ©´ƒ´”Z ˆÊ˘ß∑„· ≥„·‘ˆ„Xm˚´” [¶Ú·‘, ^∆F„‚! ^m¨´BÊ∑„ F´v˛ ∑´”~´”ƒÊ~´ ©´ƒ´”Z¯˘ ≥„X‚·‘ M„¯˘m∑W °·‘@”˚W Ù~„X·¨´” `ƒ´”∑„ ∑„X˙´Ú§Ê˘? ‡ ƒÊ~´¨´ ≥„X‚·‘ M„¯˘m∑W °·‘@”˚W©´¯˘ ˆ´S¨„ B„·{„X·ˆ„ @G~´X ߨ´H ±fl~´¯Ì˘. F´Ô~´t F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´¯˘~´”ƒ´ um¨´” ˆ´S¨„@”©´”≠ Ψ´¯ˆ„y B„·ª¨´~´” Ï”≥W. ≥´ƒ´”S ¨ ´Œ n¨´”¤`m˙´” ∏”|Hƒ´m˙´ ƒ´”m˛v ^©„X≠· ˆ´S¨„@”©´”≠ ∑´U‚@Gfl Î|¨´. ¨´” `ƒ´”F∆ ´¨´ u{´∑„· ˆ´¨S „ ƒ´””fl¨´” B„X·@””Ú. ƒ´”˙„Ú·©ÊZ˚„X·¨´”? °·‘@”˚W ƒ´””fl@”¯ˆ„y Ù©´X≠ ^◊¨´Œ∑´mM„ Ù¨„ ^§Êx? “©ÊZ˚„X·¨´”? ≥´ƒ´”@” ƒ„·≥W‚ ±∑„X·¨´ˆ„y ©´ƒ´hW F´v˛¥ÓÊ Ï”≥W [˚ÊÚ~Ê? ≥´ƒ´”S ¨ ´Œ Ψ´”˛Ú¨´¤ F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒ´©´”≠ ˙„∑„¨´” ˆ„Xm˚´” ©´ƒ´”∑„§Ê˘ ˆÊw”ƒ´m˙„ ˜¶¨´”, “©„X·¶ ƒ´”ˆ´y{„·, ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´ n∆F„X‚m¨´” ∏wÿ ∏wÿ¨Ê¤fl¨„ ^§Êx? `ƒ´”∑„§Ê˘ Ùm˙´B´ ∏wÿ∏wÿ¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˜¶¨´”ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆ´S¨„ Ψ„X·ˆ„, F´¨´t B„·{„X·ˆ„ Ù∆F´‚ ˙Ê©„·? um¨´” ƒ„·{„ Ù¨„· F´I≥´Úˆ´ ˙´©´≠∆F´‚ˆ„y· ˙Ê©„· ˆ´S¨„·©´ `ƒ´”∑„ Î| B„·ª¨„v, F´¨´tƒ´©´≠ ∑´U‚@Gfl ÓÊ≈”FÊÔ~´ ƒ´G¶ u°Nߨ„v, B„·fl~´”˙„Ú·? ” ^m˙´ ˆ„·ª¨´~´”.

©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

F´Ô~´tF´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{„§Ê˘ ± F´I¿‚ VF´ˆ´~´w¨´¯˘ ˜¶≥´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ `·ƒ´I ˜·∑„ ¥ÓÊ~´ƒÊ¨´ p·Ìƒ´©´”≠ B„X˙´”Ú ∏~´”ƒ´ F´vƒ„”·@”ƒ„· Ù~„X·Ì˘, ^§Êx?” “∏‘· ÙÆ∏”ˆW ˜¶¨´” ≥„‚b}§Êfl ˆÊ˘ß∑„ ∏~´∏B´”¨´” ^§Ê˘ Ï”≥W?” “±@”ÚFÊN ≥„‚b}§Wqm∑W, ^¨´©„≠· ˜˚´ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆÊ˘ß∑„ ∏‘Ú·@”m˙„. ^¨´~´ Ó„§„ ≥´¨´t ƒ´˙´”Ú ≥ÊÏ~´ ~´XFÊ≈”∑´X ºÊßÚ. ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ ∏{´ˆ„ ºÊßÚ ±¨´ BÊ∑„§Ê˘ ƒ´””m¨„ ˆ´¶ƒ„” Ó„§„∑´X ß∑´∏B´”¨´”. ±∑´ `·ƒ´I nÌ˘~´X ^¨´©´”≠ ˙´~´∏B´”¨´”.” “Ï”≥W, ^¨´” B„·∑„ ˆ„Ì≥´ ƒ´G˚´”˙„Ú?” “^¨´” F´I¿‚ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ˙´~´B´ƒ„· ˆ„Ì≥´ ƒ´G˚´”˙„Ú. ^¨´~´¯˘ um¨´” ƒ´G`¿~W Ù¨´”¤ F´I¿∑´{´©´”≠ ˙„~„@”¯ˆ„y, ƒ„”·§„ Æ ˆ„{´∑„ ≥´‘≥´¯ˆ„y n~´˚´” ∏¿©W∑´{´” Ù~´”˙´Úƒ„. ^¨´~´¯˘©´ F´~´¨„@” ƒ„”·§„ ^ˆ´¸~´∑´{´”, p˙´v∑´{´” ƒ´”X¶ ∏~´”˙´Úƒ„. ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ ©Êƒ´I Ψ´∏B´”¨´”. ¨„X˚´d ¨„X˚´d ^ˆ´¸~´∑´{´”, ˆ´]ÿ∑„ z´vƒ´” ±∑´¨´ ‘·˛@”¯˘ B´ß~´” ∏wÿ¨´ ˜©„≠§„ Ù~´”˙„Ú. ƒ´””m¨„ ^¨´ˆ„y ßN·ˆ´~W º„X·¶≥´”ƒ´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a Ù~´”˙´Úm˙„. ±∑´ Ù@”~W F„π·©W /ßN·ˆ´~W∑´{´ ≥´BÊ@” |m¨´ ©Êƒ´I ± F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒ„· Î| B„·{´”ƒ´ FÊÔ~´ƒ´©´”≠, F´¨´tƒ´©´”≠ ˆ„·{´∏B´”¨´”. B„p–©´ σ´~´fi„ Ó„·q¨´¤~„ ^¨´~„X{´∑„· ^{´ƒ´¶≥´§Ê∑´”ƒ´ Ïz´xˆ„X·z´, ƒ´G˜˛ ˆ„X·z´∑´{´ ≥´BÊ@” F´˚„@”∏B´”¨´”. uU‚©´¯˘ Ù¶· Ïz´xˆ„X·z´ƒ„· `ƒ´”Z ˆ„}©´¯˘ Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. ƒ„XÓ„}§W F„π·`©´ ˙´~´B´ º„·[©´¯˘¿”‚ ˆ„Xm˚´” Î˚Ê˚´”ƒ´m˙´B´ F´I¿‚ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ∏~´”˛Úƒ„.” “^¨´~´ um¨´” ƒ´G¨´‘ “©Ê¨´~´X `ƒ´”Z B´˛Ú~´ Ù¨„@G, Ï”≥W?” “^¨´©´”≠ ©Ê©´” ˆ„Xm˚´”ˆ„X{„X ·ˆ„ ±∑´¨´∆F´”‚ ¨´”ÓÊ‘ ‡∑´. ±¨´~„ ^¨´~´¯˘ ^{´ƒ´¶ß Ψ´”ƒ´ ÙÆ∏”ˆW ∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ∏∑„∫ ƒ´G˜˛ u¨´fl≥´”ƒ´ ƒ´G≥´ F´˛vˆ„∑´{ʨ´ ¶eMW (˜m|©´ pFW pFW), ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ¿”˚„·, °.ß.ˆ„x≥W °.ß.ˆ„x≥W‚ ƒ„X¨´§Ê¨´ƒ´I∑´{´ º„X˙„ Vp˙´ƒÊfl `·˚´§Ê∑´”ƒ´ ˆÊmFÊtˆW‚ ¶≥Wy (ß.¶.)∑´{´¯˘ F´v˛ ˛m∑´{´X `·˚´”˛Ú¨Ê¤~„. `·ƒ´I ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W©´¯˘ ˙„~„¨´” Ψ´∏B´”¨´”. º„X˙„∑„ qv\”·UƒW M„ˆW‚ √ ^ß≥„‚mMW nm∏ um¨´” F„«v·∑Êvbtm ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ Ψ´”ƒ´m˙„@”X ƒ´G˚´∏B´”¨´”. BÊ∑„\”· nm. n≥W. MʈWÙMW ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ÌX Î|≥´∏B´”¨´”. ©Êƒ´I ≥´”ƒ´”Z©„· ˆ´X˙´”, ±¯ß ˛ª@”∏B´”¨´”.” “Ó„·~„ ˆ´˚„ n¯˘ ß∑´”˙„Ú, Ï”≥W?” “Ù˛Ú·p©´ B„X≥´ ≥´mz„X·◊ ¨ ´©„∑´{´ iF´ÌƒÊfl ˆ´mF´«t¿~W Æ Ï·¶\X· Æ ±¶\X· ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

Æ ¨´X~´¨´z´Œ©´ Æ ¨´X~´ƒÊ] Æ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ∑´{´ ≥´ƒ´”F´Œˆ´ um¨´”∑´X˚´”ψ„≈”m¨´ B„X≥´¨Ê¨´ ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” Ï◊¨Ê©´ ( Multi- Media ) ∏{´ˆ„∑„ ∏m|¨„. ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G º„X˙„∑„ Ïz´x¨´ B´Ìƒ´I ≥´mF´ˆ´ŒºÊÌ∑´{´” º„X˙„∑´X¶ Ùm¿~W©„MW (INTERNET) Ïz´xƒÊt° ºÊÌ B´~´¶¨„. Ïz´x¨´ @Gƒ´I¨„· ˆ´mF´«t¿‘·ˆ´…˙´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”¨´ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠, ∑´vmS¨´∑´{´ F´v˛∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W©´¯˘ ƒ´”X¶ßˆ„X{´ Ì” Ù¨´‘m¨´ ≥´BÊ@”ƒÊ∑´”˙´Ú¨„. Ù¨´ˆÊyfl\”· ˆ„̃´I ^m∑´¶∑´{´X ˙„~„@”ÌNU‚ƒ„. ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ ≥´mF´qŒß¨´¯˘ `ƒ´”∑„ B„p–©´ ƒ´G˜˛ ß∑´”˙´Ú¨„. Ù¯˘ ©„X·¶ ‡ p˙´v¨´¯˘ ÙÆ∏”ˆW Ù¨„. BÊ∑„\”· Ùƒ´I Ï{Ê≥´∑´{´” ” ^m˙´ B„·ª Ï”≥W ÙÆ∏”ˆW ©´ p˙´v BÊ∑´X Ï{Ê≥´¨´ F´U‚ ˙„X·‘ߨ´~´”. “Ùƒ´I∑´{´¯˘ ˆ„̃´©´”≠ ©´ƒ´”Z §ÊtÓW©´¯˘~„X· ˆ´mF´«t¿~W©´¯˘ BÊq ˙„X·‘≥„Ú·©„. ƒ´””m|©´ ƒÊ~´¨´ ≥„X‚·‘ M„¯˘m∑W °·‘@”˚W©´¯˘ ©Êƒ´I §ÊtÓW©´¯˘ ≥„·~„X·w ±@”Ú. ©Êƒ´« `·ƒ´« n§Ê˘ ‡ ˙´~´B´¨´ ÙÆ∏”ˆW, ©„X·MW∏”ˆW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ˜¶¨´”ˆ„Xm˚´” zʧ„∑„ ∏~´”ƒ´m˙„ ±∑´”ƒ´ |©´ @Gƒ´˙´”Ú ∏~´”˙„XÚ· ! ” “Ï”≥W, ƒ´”˙„Ú “°v§W ˛m∑´ª©´ ø® ©„· ˙Ê‘·_©´”≠ Ïz´x F´I≥´Úˆ´ |©´ ^m˙´ @Gˆ„ ±›´‘≥ÊÚ~„ B„·ªÚ·~Ê?” “Î, ^¨Ê, F´v˛ƒ´∆F´Œ “°v§W ø® ©´”≠ Ïz´x F´I≥´Úˆ´ |©´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ∑´vmS ¨ ´≥Êxƒ´”t |©´ ±›´‘≥´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„. ≥„N·©W ¨„·z´¨´ ˆ„¿§„X·`@G¨´¯˘ F´v˛ƒ´∆F´Œ “°v§W ø® ~´m¨´” ≥„·mMW ºÊºWŒ~´ F´Iwt|©´ƒ´©´”≠ ±›´‘≥´§Ê∑´” ˛Ú¨´”¤ ^ƒ´˙´”Ú ^¯˘ ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒ´G˚´§Ê∑´”ƒ´ F´v˛F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ º„X˙„∑„ um¨„Xm¨´” ∑´”§Ê[@”©´”≠ ˆ„X˚´”ƒ´ F´‘FÊÔ~´ Ù¨„@”m˙„. “°v§W ø® ~´m¨´” F´vsÊt˙´ ©Ê¿ˆ´ˆÊ~´ ϯ@”m z„·ˆW√°@”~W z„·ˆW√°@”~W, ˆÊ¨´m∏‘ˆÊ~´ Ï”∑´”t§W ˚´ ≥´ƒÊŒm˙„ ƒ„X¨´§Ê¨´ƒ´~´” ¨„}ƒÊ◊|·©´~ʨ´¨´”¤. ±¨´¤‘m¨´ ^ƒ´~„Ì˘~´ ©„©´°∑Êfl ‡ |©´ƒ´©´”≠ Ïz´x F´I≥´Úˆ´ |©´ ^m˙´ ±›´‘≥´Ì” @””©„≥„Xy ≥´m≥„a ˆ´~„ `·¶˙´”Ú. ^¨„· F´vˆÊ~´ Ïz´x¨´ n§Ê˘ ¨„·z´∑´{´¯˘ ^m¨´” ‡ |©´ƒ´©´”≠ Ïz„·∆ F ´ ‘·˛@”¯˘ ±›´‘≥´§Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. ^m¨´” ˆ„X©„@” F´ˆ´¸ nÌ˘~´X um¨„Xm¨´” F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒ´©´”≠ ˆ„X{´” ƒ´I¨´”, Ψ´”ƒ´I¨´”, Î|¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´”‘˙´” ›´pŒ≥´”ƒ´I¨´”, F´‘›´@” ƒ´G¶ˆ„X˚´”ƒ´I¨´”, ˜·∑„ um¨´§Ê˘ um¨´” F´I≥´Úˆ´ˆ„y ≥´m∏m◊ | ߨ´ ›´¿”ƒ´Uˆ„ ©´˚„≥´”˙ÊÚ~„. F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ‡∑´ ^m∑´¶∑´{´¯˘ ƒ´G˙´vƒ´Ì˘ Ùm¿~W©„MW©´¯˘ ˆ´X˚Ê ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. Ïz´x¨´ F´vƒ´””_ §„}∏v‘∑´{´©´”≠ Ù§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW 03

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§„}∏v‘∑´{Êfl ∏¨´§Ê≈”≥´”˙´Ú Ù~´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ ©Êƒ´I Ù¯˘ ˆ´”ª˙´”ˆ„Xm˚„· ± n§Ê˘ §„}∏v‘∑´{´©´”≠ ≥´mF´qŒß ƒ´G˜˛ F´˚„@”∏B´”¨´”, ∑„X˙ÊÚ@GÚ? Ùƒ´˙´”Ú Ù∆F´”‚ ≥ʈ´”. ƒ´”˙„Ú ƒ´””m¨„ nm¨Ê¨´~´X Ù¨´~´ ∏∑„∫ B„›´”– ›´›„Œ ƒ´G˚„X·w, Ó„}” “S¨Êtmˆ´Xt , Ï”≥W.” ^ÓÊ»! n∆F„X‚m¨´” Ï{Ê≥´∑´{´”. “©„§Ê˘ B„X≥´ Ï∆F´@”∑´{´”! ©Êƒ´I B„›´”– B„›´”– Ψ´”˙ÊÚ B„X·¨´m˙„ ©Êƒ´I ˛ª¨´”ˆ„Xm¶~´”ƒ´I¨´” n∆F„X‚m¨´” ˆ´¶ƒ„” ^©´”√˙„Ú ^§Êx? ©Ê©´m˙´X ©´ƒ´”Z ƒ´”©„·¯~´”ƒ´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ©´¯˘ Ùƒ„§Ê˘ Ù~´”˙„Ú ^m˙´ ˛{„Xym˚„· Ù‘˘Ì˘. ©´ƒ´hW F´F´IN B„·∑´X F´v˛ ˛m∑´{´X ¶eMW ß.¶. ˙´~ÊÚ©„· Ù~ÊÚ~„. ^¨´©„≠§Ê˘ uƒ„”Z BÊq ©„X·˚„· [¶Ú·`. Ùm¿~W©„MW ≥´mF´ˆ´Œƒ´« Ù¨„. ©´ƒ´”Z ©´ƒ´”Z F„«·≥W‚ Ï{Ê≥´∑´{´ ‘·˛@”¯˘ ©´ƒ´”∑„ Ùm¿~W©„MW ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ|m¨´ Ùƃ„”·§W ^m¨´~„ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ ^m›„ Ï{Ê≥´ Ù¨„. ©´ƒ´”∑„ F„«·≥W‚ƒ´”©W F´˙´v ˆ„X˚„X·‘·˛@”¯˘ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W©´¯˘ ©´ƒ´”∑„ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ ^m›„ ˆ´X˚´ ∏~´”˙„Ú. ^m¨´BÊ∑„ ©´©´∑´X um¨´” Ùƃ„”·§W Ï{Ê≥´ Ù¨„. ©´ƒ´hW F´F´IN¨´”, ^ƒ´”Zm¨´”, ˙´ƒ´”Zm¨´”, nÌ˘~´¨´X¤ Ùƃ„”·§W Ï{Ê≥´ Ùƒ„. ©Êƒ„§Ê˘ ‡∑´ ßUL©W√ ±iFW Ùm¶@G Ù¨´¤ BÊ∑„·©„· Ïz´xƒÊt° ºĘ̂´¯˘ ©„UL©W ˆ´X˚´ ±fl¨„¤·ƒ„. `·ƒ´« ≥„·‘Ú·‘ ˙Ê©„· ©´ƒ´”Z ºỄ´©´≠? `·ƒ´I Ùm˙´B´ @Gƒ´I¨Ê¨´~´X ÙÆ∏”ˆW ©„X·¶¨´¤~„ ©´ƒ´”∑„ @Gˆ„ ∏~„¨´” ˛ª≥´ÓÊ~´¨´”? ∏‘·˛·‘ ˙Ê©„·? ˜·∑„·©„· B„X≥´¨Ê¨´ um¨´” n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F„©W ¶ˆ´¸©´‘@”¯˘ `ƒ´”∑„ Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ @Gƒ´I¨„· F´¨´¨´ ^S¨´Œƒ´©´X≠ `·ƒ´I ˛ª@”∏B´”¨´”. ^¨´~´ ∏∑„∫ ƒ´”˙„XÚƒ„”Z B„·{„Ú·©„, ±@GÚ? ƒ´”˙„Ú ¥Ó„·U@G∑„Ú·©„, Ó„}. `ƒ´”Z °v·˛@” ≥´”ƒ´”m˙´

©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

“`¨´” Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ? ©´ƒ´”∑„§Ê˘ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” p~´F´‘p˙´. ˆ´S¨„, ˆ´ƒ´©´, F´v∏m◊¨´, ©Ê¿ˆ´, σ´”z„Œ, ˆÊ¨´m∏‘, e·ƒ´©´›´‘˙„v, ±˙´Z›´‘˙„v, Ïz´xˆ„X·z´, ƒ´G˜˛ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, F´¨´ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”,Ïz„·∆F´ Ï∆F´@” Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, F´Ô~´tF´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´”,≥ʘ˙´t ˆ´…˛∑´{´”, ƒÊtˆ´~´w ˆ„}°¶∑´{´”, q~´”B„X˙´Ú∑„ ∑´{´” ©´ƒ´”Z Y‘©´ ÙÌ˘ƒ„· zʧ„@” ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´¯˘ ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. ^©„·ˆ´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ F„v·Ï”∑´{´” ˙´ƒ´”Z ƒ´”©„@”¯˘@”X um¨„Xm¨´” F´I¿‚ ∑´…B´∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@” F„«·∆°ßˆ„Xm˚´” ∏~´”˛Ú¨Ê¤~„. ˆ´`∆F´‚ Øc F´I¿∑´{´, ƒ´””_F´I¿ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆ„X©„@” ~´ˆÊ¸F´I¿ ∑´{´ ©´˚´”ƒ„ BÊ{„∑´{´©´”≠ Ù‘ß ∏¨´H∑„Xª≥´§Ê¨´, ƒ´””|v˙´ ≥ʃ´”flv @”©´”≠ F´I≥´Úˆ´ nm¨´” ˆ´~„@”§Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. Ù¨´qym˙´ pˆ´yƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ q~´” B„X˙´Ú∑„∑´{´” n©´”≠˙ÊÚ~„. ∏…B´˙W B„X˙´Ú∑„∑´{ʨ´ Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, F´¨´ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, ƒ´”BÊ ˆÊ¨´m∏‘∑´ªm¨´ ˜¶¨´” q≥„@”¯˘ Ó„›´–∑„ ˆ´X~´”ƒ´ Fʈ„MW F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ƒ´~„∑„ ÏÏ◊¨´ ∑Ê˙´v, ∏wÿ∑´{´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” n§„˘˚„ ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. ‡∑´ÌX ˆ´X˚´ F´v˛ƒÊ~´ F´˛vˆ„∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú `@”˙´ ˆÊ¯ˆ„∑´{´ ≥ʨ´~´ ßx·ˆÊ~´ Ï¥ÓÊ∑´∑´{´¯˘ ƒ´”˙´”Ú F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´‘›´@” ^mˆ´w∑´{´¯˘ ©´X~Ê~´” F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ F´vˆ´¿fi„@” ˆ´”‘˙´” ƒ´G˜˛ Ì¥Ó´tƒÊ∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´I¨´©´”≠ ©„X·¶¨Ê∑´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆ´¿fi„@”X ˆ´X˚´ um¨´” ∏…B´˙W V¨´tƒ´”ƒÊfl Ó„{„|¨„ n`≥´|~´¨´”. ˆ´¯˘©´ ƒ„”·§„, ƒ´”]ÿ©´ B„m›´”∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„, ›´ƒ´”Œ¨´ BÊ{„∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„, º„Xm¶©´BÊ{„ (F„°~´≥W)∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„ ±~´m¥Ó´ƒÊ¨´ ∏~´B´¨´ ¨Ê_¯·ˆ´~´w §„X·B´¨´ BÊ{„∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„ ƒ´”X¶ ©´m˙´~´ ˆÊ∑´¨´¨´ BÊ{„∑´ª∑„ ƒ´∑ÊŒƒ´fi„@G∑´”ƒ´ B„X˛Ú∑„ ≥´B´≥´vƒ´G©´∑´{„· ˆ´{„¨´” B„X·fl¨´¤ƒ´I. ˆ´Ì˘p–`m¨´ ˜¶¨´” ^˙Êt◊¨´”`ˆ´ ¶.U.°. ƒ´”˙´”Ú n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW ƒ´””¨´vw∑´{´ƒ´~„∑„ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ ∑ÊS¨„ ˙´”mÓÊ ¨„X˚´d¨´”. ‡fl©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´, F´˛vˆ„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú `@”˙´ˆÊ¯ˆ„∑´ª∑„ Ó„·ˆÊ∑´”ƒ´ ˆÊ∑´¨´¨´ ˙´@G‘ˆ„∑Êfl ̈ʸm˙´~´ B„ˆ„‚·~W ˆÊ˚´” ©Êz´ƒÊ∑´”˛Ú¨„. ©´ƒ´”Z¯˘ V˙ÊN¨´©„ @G∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ˆÊ∑´¨´ ≥Ę̂„· B„X~´¨„·z´ ∑´ªm¨´ÌX ±ƒ´”¨´” ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ §Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. ˆ„̃„«m¨´” ¨„·z´∑´{´¯˘ ˆÊ∑´¨´ƒ´©´”≠ ƒ´”~´” ≥´m≥´y~´w (‘ ≥„}q˘m∑W) ƒ´G¶ ∏{´≥´”˛Ú¨Ê¤~„. ©´ƒ´”Z¯˘ ± F´v@”˙´≠ ^§„X˘m¨´” Ù§„X˘m¨´” ©´˚„@””˛Ú¨„.

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ˆ„¸·˙´v F´vƒ„·ÕߨÊ∑´ ì ©ÊÌy©„· ˆÊvm˛î JUß˙´”. ‡ ±◊¨´”`ˆ´ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ VF´ˆ´~´w∑´{´©´”≠ @”z´ßx@Gfl ∏{´ß¨Ê∑´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„ ≥´…L©Ê˙´Zˆ´ ƒÊfl~´”˙´Ú¨„ nm∏”¨´” Õˆ´¸w ˙´LÛ~´ ^¥[FÊv@”. ∏B´”ƒ´G◊ ¨ ´tƒ´” Ó„X·◊ ¨ ´©Ê Ï◊ ¨ Ê©´ B„X≥´ z´˙´ƒ´G©´¨´ Õˆ´¸w Ï◊¨Ê©´ƒÊ∑´¯¨„. ¨´©„· ˆÊvm˛ : Ù¨´”ƒ´~„∑„ JUß~´”ƒ´ ©ÊÌ”y ˆÊvm˛∑´{´©´X≠ ∏|∑„X˛Ú, B„X≥´¨Ê¨´, Ù¨´”ƒ´~„∑„ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì YB„∑´∆F„‚· ë `Ì”ˆ´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´, ƒ„}ºÊÛ`ˆ´ ±Ï∆FÊy~´∑´{´ Ó„©´”≠B´˛Ú, ƒ´””m¨„ ˆ„̃„· ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´{´¯˘ ≥ʈʸ˙Êy~´ƒÊ∑´¯~´”ƒ´ ˆÊvm˛ Ù¨´”. Ù¨´~´ ‘·˛ ‘ƒÊL”∑´{´” B„·fl~´”˙´Úƒ„ n©´”≠ƒ´I¨´” ˆ´ÌN©„∑„ [U‚~´”ƒ´ Ï›Ê~´. Ù¨´ˆ„y ¨´…‹˚´ƒÊ¨´ @Gƒ´I¨„· ±◊¨Ê~´ƒ´©´X≠ ≥´◊¨´tˆ„y ©Êƒ´I ˆ„X˚´Ì” ≥Ê◊¨´tÏÌ˘ƒÊ¨´~´X ^˛ Õ·Jv¨´¯˘\”· ©´ƒ„”Z¨´”~´” `m˙´” ©´ƒ´”∑„· ˆ´¯≥´Ì” ˙„X˚´∑´”ƒ´ B„X≥´ Ï◊¨Ê©´ Ù¨Ê∑´¯¨„. Ù¨´ˆ„y ©Êƒ´I ≥´◊¨´t ˆ„X˚´∏B´”¨Ê¨´ F´I~ʃ„ nm¨´~„ ϨÊxm≥´ ±¯x©W MÊiF´˘~W ˙´©´≠ | F´πt›´~W ∆FʈW ʈWì nm∏ ∑´vmS¨´¨´¯˘ B„·ª~´”ƒ´ Ï›Ê~´∑´{´”. MÊiF´˘~´©´ F´vˆÊ~´ F´vF´m›´¨´ ≥´…∆°‚@G¨Êfl`m¨´ ΩkDc ~´ƒ´~„fl©´ ºÊÛ©´~ÊÕ\”Ì˘ƒ´©´X≠ 1k nm¨´” F´‘∑´]ߨ´~„, ƒ´””m|©´ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì n~´˚´” ¨´z´ˆ´∑´{´¯˘ ^¨´” Ùƒ´”Z¶@Gfl, ©´m˙´~´ F´v˛ Ωc ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´ª ∑„Xƒ„”Z ©ÊÌZ¶, nm¿”ƒ´”¶, B´|©Ê~´” ƒ´”¶@Gfl Ó„{„@””˙ÊÚ ≥Êfl¨„@”m˙„. ∏B´”z´f ∏~´”ƒ´ øcΩc ƒ„·{„∑„ Ù¨´” ≥´mF´«wŒ ˙´…F´ÚƒÊ∑´¯¨´”¤ ± ƒ„·{„∑„ ‡∑´ ©Êƒ´I ˆ´¯˛~´”ƒ´I¨„§Ê˘ ˛·~Ê B´{´˙Êfl~´”˙´Ú¨„! ©Êƒ„∆F´”‚ ˆ´¯@”Ó„·ˆ´”, ˆ´¯≥´Ó„·ˆ´”? `·ƒ„· \X·pß!

B„X≥´ L∑´˛Ú∑„, B„X≥´ z´˙´ƒ´G©´ˆ„y ˆÊ¯U‚~´”ƒ´ ©Êƒ´I ©´ƒ´”Z z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ›´¿”ƒ´Uˆ„∑´{´¯˘ B„X≥´˙´©´ƒ´©´”≠ ˙´~´¨„· B„X·¨´~„ _m¶˙Ê ƒ´”X_Œ~Ê∑´”˙„Ú·ƒ„. ^¨´ˆÊyfl\”· Ωk>Í ~´¯˘ ~´X°ß¨´ B„X≥´ ~Ê∆°Ã·@” Õˆ´¸w `·˛@”¯˘ FÊvS¨´Ï”ˆ´ B´m˙´|m¨´ Ïz´xϨÊtÌ@” B´m˙´¨´ƒ´~„∑„ `·˚´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ Õˆ´¸wƒ´©´”≠ F´‘fiʃ´”ˆÊ‘∑„Xª≥´Ì” z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ƒ´©´”≠ ≥ÊmF´v¨Ê≈”ˆ´ Õˆ´¸w¨´¯˘ ^©EF´›Ê‘ˆ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥ʃ´Geˆ´ Õˆ´¸w `·˚´Ì” ∏{´ßˆ„X{´ Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„ î nm¨´” ˛·ƒ´GŒ`≥´ §Êfl˙´”Ú. Ωkk> ~´ƒ´~„∑„ ‡ ¥Ó´~´ƒ´≥„ ºÊ‘∑„ ∏m|~´§„· ÙÌ˘ . Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ ±@”¤ ˆ„̃´I Õˆ´¸w ˆ„·m¨´v∑´{´¯˘ ƒ´G˙´v ∏{´ˆ„∑„ ∏m|¨„. ƒ´””m∏~´”ƒ´ ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´{´¯˘ Ù©´X≠B„›´”– ˆ„·m¨´v∑´ª∑„ Ï≥´Ú‘≥´¯¨„. Ùm¨´” ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ n©´”≠ƒ´ F´¨´ e·ƒ´©´¨´ nÌ˘ ~´m∑´∑´{´¯˘ ˆ„·ª ∏~´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´m˙„\”· z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´~´m∑´ ¨´¯˘@”X ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ F´vƒ„·Õß

z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˆÊvm˛ ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ∏~´”ƒ´ ƒ´””m›„@”X Õˆ´¸w ©´˚„@””˛Ú˙´”Ú. F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘ um¨´” ∏…B´˙W ˆÊvm˛@”©„≠· Vm¿” ƒ´G¶¨´ƒ´I. ˆÊvm˛ nm¨Êˆ´¸w ©´ƒ´”∑„ i F Êv`√©´ ƒ´”BʈÊvm˛, ~´∆ F Êt¨´ ˆÊvm˛ ƒ´””m˙ʨ´ ~ÊLq·@” ßa˙´tm˙´~´∑´{´” S¨´¿‚©„ ©„©´°∑„ ∏~´”˙´Úƒ„ ^S¨´ƒÊ B´ß~´” ˆÊvm˛, q¸·~´ ˆÊvm˛, ƒ´””m˙ʨ´ ˆ´…∆° ˆÊvm˛∑´{´” ©„©´°∑„ ∏~´∏B´”¨´”. Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘ ˆ´X˚´ Ùm˙´B´ ©ÊÌ”y ˆÊvm˛∑´{´” L~´”flƒ„. ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” ˆ´¯ˆ„@” ‡ |©´ ∑´{´¯˘ ¨´©„· ˆÊvm˛@”X ≥´`≠˜˙´ƒ„·! ƒ„X¨´Ì” Ù¨´¤ INFORMATION - EDUCATION ENTERTAINMENT nm∏ F´‘ˆ´ÌN©„ ∏¨´§Êfl INFORMATION + ENTERTAINMENT = INFOTAINMENT, EDUCATION + ENTERTAINMENT = EDUTAINMENT nm∏ F´‘ˆ´ÌN©„ F´v∏̃Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. ≥´m˙´≥´ˆ´¯ˆ„ Ù¨´‘m¨´

≥Ê◊¨´tƒÊ∑´”˛Ú¨„. Ù¨´” ~„ƒ´ÌXt∆F´©W ^Ì˘, nƒ´ÌXt∆F´©W ´©W. ƒ„X¨´Ì©„· ˆÊvm˛ :îî ƒ´”ˆ´yª≥´Xy§W ƒ´”©„·Ì§„x· nm∏ ƒ´G˛©´m˙„ ±~´m¥Ó´¨´¯˘ ˆ´¯ˆ„ ƒ´”©„@”¯˘\”· ©´˚„@””˛Ú˙´”Ú. L©´≥´ms„t@” ≥„XN·¿ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ºÊÛ©´ ≥„XN·¿|m¨Êfl ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆ´¯≥´”ƒ´ F´vqv\” ƒ´”©„@”¯˘ ≥Ê◊¨´tÏÌ˘ƒÊfl ƒ´”∑´”Ï∑„ ˆ´¯≥´”ƒ´ LƒÊÓʤ‘ ƒ´”©„≈”m¨´ zʧ„ nm∏ ˆ´¯ˆÊ ≥´a{´ˆ„y ƒ´∑ÊŒƒ´fi„@G¨Ê∑´ Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´ ƒ„X¨´Ì ˆÊvm˛ JUß˙´”. n~´˚´©„· ˆÊvm˛ : zʧ„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ƒ´”©„∑´{´¯˘ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì ƒ´hEoˆ´ƒÊfl ^m¨´~„ ÓÊ≈”FÊÔ~´¨´ ƒ´”Ẍ´ ©´˚„@””˛Ú¨´¤ ˆ´¯ˆ„@” º„X˙„∑„ ì ∏~´B´î (¯o˙´ ~´XF´) ∏{´ˆ„∑„ ∏m¨Ê∑´ Ùƒ„~´˚´©´X≠ uMÊ‚fl ∏{´≥´”ƒ´I¨´” ≥´Xˆ´Úƒ„m¨´” ˆ´¯ˆ„@”¯˘ Ùƒ´I n~´˚´©´X≠ ≥´ƒ´”©´x@” ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆ´¯≥´§Ê~´m¥[ߨÊ∑´ n~´˚´©„· ˆÊvm˛ JUß˙´”. ƒ´”X~´©„· ˆÊvm˛ : ƒ´hEoˆ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ∏~´B´∑´{´ º„X˙„∑„ ƒ´””¨´vw ˆ´§„@” ±Ï∆ ∆ F Êy~´¨„Xm|∑„ , F´Ô ~ ´t F´I≥´Úˆ´, F´I≥´Úˆ´, F´˛vˆ„∑´{´”, `@”˙´ˆÊ¯ˆ„∑´{´” ƒ´””|v˙´ ƒÊfl Ó„X·◊ ¨ ´©„∑„ ∏{´≥´ÌNMÊ‚∑´ ƒ´”X~´©„· ˆÊvm˛ JUß˙´”. ©ÊÌy©„· ˆÊvm˛ : Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ ˆÊvm˛≈”m¨Êfl ≥´ƒ´”XB´ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ƒ´G◊ ¨ ´tƒ´”∑´{ʨ´ ~„·¶\X·, ¨´X~´¨´z´Œ©´, Ï·¶\X·, ˆ´mF´«t¿~W Ù˙Êt|∑´{´” Ó„X·◊¨´©Ê ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ˆÊ@”Œˆ´vƒ´”∑´{´” ~´p˙´ƒÊfl¨´”¤ ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ ≥Êi F W‚ƒ„·~W n©´”≠˙ÊÚ~„. ≥´m≥´y‘≥´ÌN¿‚ ƒ´G˜˛@”” Ó„·ˆÊ¨Ê∑´ ƒ´G`¿~W F´~´¨„@” ƒ„”·§„ ©„X·˚´”ƒ´I¨´” / °vm¿~W ƒ´”Ẍ´ ƒ´””|v߈„X{´” ƒ´I¨´” ™MWF´IMW ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@Gfl¨„. ‡ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W∑´ªm¨´ ˆ´¯ˆ„@”” z´~´ƒ„·∑´¨´¯˘ ƒ´…|H≥´”˛Ú¨„. ^¥ [ ƒ´…|HB„Xm|¨´ ¨„·z´∑´{´¯˘ Ù¨´©´”≠ Õˆ´¸w¨´ ^Ï¥ Ó ÊLt ^m∑´ƒÊfl VF´\X·fl≥´”˛Ú¨Ê¤~„. Ù¨´©´”≠ Ùm∑„˘m¶©´¯˘ Computer Based Instructions (CBI), ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´¯˘ Computer Aided Learning (CAL) nm¨´” ˆ´~„@””˙ÊÚ~„. ˆ´©ÊŒ¿ˆ´¨´¯˘©´ B´ÌƒÊ~´” Õˆ´¸w ≥´m≥„a∑´{´¯˘ ˆ´mF´«t¿‘·ˆ´…˙´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„ ≥Êfl¨„. ∏B´”z´f Ù©„≠~´˚´” ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´{´¯˘ n§Ê˘ zÊ§Ê ˆÊ§„·L”∑´{´¯˘ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ˙´©´≠ z´ˆ„ ±~´m¥[ß Ó„X·◊¨´©„∑„ B„X≥´ ±@Gƒ´” `·˚´¯¨„. ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ F´vqv\”@”©´”≠ D ÏÏ◊¨´ ƒ„X·˚W (Mode)∑´{Êfl Ïm∑´¶ß¨Ê¤~„ : 1. Tutorial Mode: Ù¨´~´¯˘ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ pˆ´y pˆ´y Ï¥ÓÊ∑´∑´{Êfl ƒ´G¶ B´m˙´ B´m˙´ƒÊfl `·˚´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„. @Gm˛vˆ´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„ Ù¨´”.

2. Drill and Practice Mode: ϨÊtS|Œ ∑´ª∑„ ˆ´¯@”Ì” BÊ∑´X F´I©´~ʃ´˛Œ≥´Ì” ^©´”ˆ´X̃Ê∑´”ƒ´m˙„ B´ÌƒÊ~´” ^¥ Ó Êt≥´ F´˛vˆ„ ∑´{´©´”≠, V¨ÊB´~´fi„∑´{´©´”≠, ˙´F´IN ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥´‘V˙´Ú~´∑´{´ ≥´ƒ„”·˙´ ˆ„XU‚~´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„. Ùƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠F´I©´~ʃ´˛Œß ˆ´¯@”∏B´”¨´”.

3. Simulation Mode : F´Ô~´tˆ´vƒ´”¨´¯˘ Ù~´”ƒ´ ^S¨´ƒÊ ë `L e·ƒ´©´¨´ J¿©„∑´{´”, Ï∆F´@”∑´{´©´”≠ ±◊¨´‘ß, ^m˙´B´¨„· J¿©„∑´{´©´”≠ B´m˙´ B´m˙´ƒÊfl “‘ˆ„ ^S¨´ƒÊ Ùªˆ„ ˆ´vƒ´”¨´¯˘ σ´‘≥´§Êfl~´”˙´Ú¨„.

4. Discovery Mode: F´v@”˙´≠ BÊ∑´” ˙´F´IN∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´G¶\”· ≥´x˙´f ≥´‘F´¶ß ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆ´¯@”Ì” ^m¨´~„ Trial and Error ƒ´”Ẍ´ ˛ª@”Ì”,B„X≥´ ˆ´¯ˆÊ ƒ´G∑´Œ ˆ´m˚´”˜¶@”Ì” ‡ Ï◊¨Ê©´ ≥´B´ˆÊ‘.

5. Gaming Mode : ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ±˚´”ƒ´I¨´”, ˆ´mF´«t¿~W º„X˙„∑„· ±˚´”ƒ´I¨´” ƒ„X¨´§Ê¨´ ±¿¨´ Ï◊¨Ê©´∑´{´ ƒ´”Ẍ´ ºÊÛ©´¨´ ˆ´¯ˆ„@” Ï◊¨Ê©´Ï¨´”. ˆ´mF´«t¿~´©´”≠ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì ˆ´¯ˆ„∑´∆F„‚· ^Ì˘¨„ ƒ´hEÌtƒ´GF´©´ˆ„y ˆ´X˚´ ∏{´ßˆ„X{´ §Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„.

F´vz„≠F´˛vˆ„, F´vz´≠ˆ„X·z´ ˙´@G‘ˆ„∑„, ƒ´hEÌt ƒ´GF´©´ BÊ∑´X ^mˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˙Ê{„©„X·¶ ¨Ê_¯ß

¨´z´ˆ´∑´{„· V~´”ªƒ„. z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ƒ„m¨´~„ ©´ƒ´”Z ˆ´¯ˆÊ F´vqv\”@” ^¥[ƒ´…|H, ƒ´hEÌtƒ´GF´©´, ∏{´ˆ„, ƒ´tƒ´≥„a, ˙Êm˛vˆ´˙„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú Ùƒ„Ì˘ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ V˙´Úƒ´” F´¶≥´Ì” ∏{´≥´§Ê∑´”ƒ´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w∑´{´ u¿”‚ƒ„X˙´ÚƒÊfl¨„. ƒ„}ºÊÛ`ˆ´ƒÊfl Ïz„˘·∆°ß, ƒ´G©´ƒ´ ≥´mF´©´XZÌ BÊ∑´X ˙Êm˛vˆ´ ≥´mF´©´XZÌ∑´{´©´”≠ ∏{´ß ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆ´¯ˆÊ F´vqv\”@”©´”≠ ±≥´qÚ¨Ê@”ˆ´ƒÊfl≥´”ƒ´ ƒ„}ºÊÛ`ˆ´ Ï◊¨Ê©´ƒ„· ì z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´î . ‡ z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ƒ´I B´ÌƒÊ~´” ƒ„}Ï◊¨´tƒ´”@” BÊ∑´X ±≥´qÚ¨Ê@”ˆ´ ^m∑´∑´ªm¨´ ˆ´X¶¨Ê¤fl¨„. ^ƒ´I∑´{´¯˘ì ¨´…ˆW Æ z´vƒ´w Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w∑´{´” (Audio-Visual Teaching Aids ) F´vƒ´””_ƒÊ¨´ƒ´I. ˆ´¯ˆ„@”¯˘ Ùƒ´I ∏B´”ƒ´””_t FÊ˙´vƒ´˜≥´”˙´Úƒ„, ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” Õˆ´¸w Ï◊¨Ê©´¨´ e·ƒÊ{´ƒÊflƒ„.

∑´wˆ´ @”m˙´v

(COMPUTER)

±~´m¥Ó´¨´¯˘ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì §„ˆ´yƒ´G˚´Ì” ∏{´ˆ„@G∑´”˛Ú¨´¤ ∑´wˆ´@”m˙´v Ωkkc ~´ƒ„·{„∑„ ^˙´”t˙´Úƒ´” ƒ„}ºÊÛ`ˆ´ ¨´…ˆWÆ z´vƒ´w VF´ˆ´~´wƒÊfl ^¥[ƒ´…|HB„Xm| D©„· °·ª∑„@” ∑´wˆ´ @”m˙´v∑´{Êfl (5th Generation Computers) ^ƒ´˙´‘ߨ´ƒ´I. ‡ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ∑´{´©´”≠ ±§„X·p≥´”ƒ´ ≥ʃ´”S¨´Œtƒ´I{´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ∑´{´” (Thinking Computers) n©´”≠˙ÊÚ~„. Ùƒ´I ≥´Xˆ´Ú ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@” ƒ´”Ẍ´ ˆ´¯≥´”ƒ´, ±§„X·p≥´”ƒ´, ˛·ƒ´GŒ©´ ˙„∑„¨´”ˆ„X{´” ƒ´, ±¿ ±˚´”ƒ´, ˆ„Ì≥´ ƒ´G˚´”ƒ´ ÏÏ◊¨´ ≥ʃ´”S¨´Œt∑´{´©´”≠ B„Xm|ƒ„. Ùƒ´I ˛·~Ê ≥´mq·wŒ ƒ„`ߨ´~´X Ùƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ ∏{´≥´Ì” Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ ≥´X˙´v∑´{´”, ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a, ≥´x@”m ˆ´¯ˆÊ ≥´X˙´v∑´{´” Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ Ó„{´q∑„ ∏~´”˛Úƒ„. ˆ´mF´«t¿~Wum¨´” @”m˙´v ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆEz´Ìt∑´{´ ≥´mq·wŒ Ï”z´vwƒÊfl¨„. U.Ï.

F´~´¨„@”m˙´B´ ƒ´G`¿~W BÊ∑´X M„}FW~„}¿~W©´m˙´B´ q·Ó„X·˚WŒ, ©´ƒ´”Z ƒ„”¨´”ª©´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@”©´”≠ ≥´xÌNƒÊfl B„X·Ì”ƒ´ ºÊÛF´ˆ´z´qÚºÊÌ Ù˙Êt|∑´{´©´”≠ B„Xm|¨„. Ù¨´~´¯˘ Ù©WF´IMW ƒ´tƒ´≥„a, F„«v·≥„ßm∑W ƒ´tƒ´≥„a ƒ´”˙´”Ú ™MWF´IMW ƒ´tƒ´≥„a nm∏ ƒ´”X~´” F´v◊¨Ê©´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a∑´ªƒ„. Ù©WF´IMW ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@”¯˘ q·Ó„X·˚WŒ ,ƒ´hE≥W, Fi Ê˘° ¶≥Wy∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆÊmFÊtˆW‚ ¶≥Wy∑´{´ ƒ´”Ẍ´ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ Ù¨´~´ ºÊÛF´ˆ´ºÊÌ ºÊÛF´ˆ´ºÊ̈„y (≥„m¿v§W F„«v≥„ßm∑W @””`MW∑„) ˙´”m∏∏B´”¨´”. ^¨´” ^¯˘ ≥´m≥´y‘˙´ƒÊfl Ó„·ˆ„m¨Ê∑´ ©´ƒ´”∑„ ß∑´”ƒ´m˙„ ~´q¸≥´ÌNU‚~´”˙´Ú¨„. ‡ ˆ„Ì≥´ˆÊyfl\”· ^©„·ˆ´ ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ˆÊvm˛@”©„≠· Vm¿”ƒ´G¶ƒ„. ∏~´”ƒ´ ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´{´¯˘ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ ƒ´G˜˛ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´ ±∑Ê◊¨´ Ó„{´ƒ´]∑„ B„X≥´ Õˆ´¸w ˆ´vƒ´”ƒ´©´”≠, ©´X˙´©´ F´¨´H˛@”©´”≠ ºÊ‘∑„ ˙´~´∏B´”¨´”. ‡∑Ê∑´§„· Ìm˚´`≠©´¯˘ e-univeristy ±~´m¥ Ó ´ƒÊ∑´”ƒ´ ≥´X›´©„∑´ª¨´”¤ ƒ´”©„@”¯˘ ˆ´”ª˙„· webucation (web + education) F´˚„@”∏B´”¨´”.

F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” Õˆ´¸w ˆ´vƒ´”¨´¯˘ ≥„·F´Œ˚„@G¨´ ©´m˙´~´ ±fl~´”ƒ´ ^∑Ê◊¨´ Ó„{´ƒ´]∑„≈”m¨´ L∑´˛Ú©´ ≥ʈ´¸~´˙„@” F´vƒ´Gwƒ´« Ó„{„|¨„. ≥´B´≥Êv~´” [¯@”©W F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ƒ´G~´”ˆ´M„‚@”¯˘ƒ„.

Ù˚´”ƒ´I¨´ˆ´Xy ∏{´≥´§Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. ^Ì˘¨„ ºÊÛ©´¨´ ÏÏ◊¨´ zÊs„∑´{´ F´‘›´@G˙´Zˆ´ ƒ´”XÌ ≥ʃ´”flv ≥´m∑´v˜ß˚´”ƒ´I¨´ˆ„y ∏{´≥´§Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. Ù˛Ú·p©´ B„X≥´ ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©„∑´{´ iF´ÌƒÊ fl ˆ´mF´«t¿~W Æ Ï·¶\X· Æ ±¶\X· Æ ¨´X~´¨´z´Œ©´ Æ ¨´X~´ƒÊ] Æ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ∑´{´ ≥´ƒ´”F´Œˆ´ um¨´”∑´X˚´”ψ„≈”m¨´ B„X≥´¨Ê¨´ ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” Ï◊¨Ê©´ (Multi - Media) ∏{´ˆ„∑„ ∏m|¨„. ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G º„X˙„∑„ Ïz´x¨´ B´Ìƒ´I ≥´mF´ˆ´ŒºÊÌ∑´{´” º„X˙„∑´X¶ Ùm¿~W©„MW (INTERNET) Ïz´xƒÊt° ºÊÌ B´~´¶¨„. Ïz´x¨´ @Gƒ´I¨„· ˆ´mF´«t¿‘·ˆ´…˙´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”¨´ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠, ∑´vmS¨´∑´{´ F´v˛∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ºĘ̂´¯˘ ƒ´”X¶ßˆ„Xm˚´” Ψ´Ì”, F´v˛ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ Ì” ∏~´”˙´Ú¨„. Ïz´x¨´ F´vƒ´””_ |©´F´˛vˆ„∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´”©„@”¯˘ ˆ´”ª˙„· Ψ´∏B´”¨´”. ©´ƒ´”Z ~ÊLt¨´ ˚„ˆ´y©W B„~ʧWd, | ©´Xt Ùm¶@”©W nˆW√F„v≥W, | ˜m¨´X, “∆F´t©W “ºW, ˆ´©´≠˚´ F´v¥Ó´, F´vºÊƒÊ], V¨´@”ƒÊ], ˙´~´m∑´, Ìmˆ„·zW F´˛vˆ„@” ˆ„̃´I F´I¿∑´{´” ‡∑´ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´¯˘ Ì¥Ó´tσ„. Ïz´x ˆ´©´≠˚´ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´ ƒ„X¨´Ì ˆ´©´≠˚´ F´˛vˆ„@Gfl¨„. Ïz´x¨´ Ó„·~„ Ó„·~„ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ºÊÌ∑´{´©´”≠ ºÊ§Ê˚´”ƒ´ ›Ê©´§W ≥´i°Œm∑W ^S¨´ƒÊ ©„MW ≥´i°Œm∑W nm∏ B´ƒÊt≥´ Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ B„›Ê–∑´”˛Ú¨„. ∏B´z´f ƒ´””m|©´ |©´∑´{´¯˘ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ºÊÛ©´ B„Xm|~´¨´ @Gƒ´ ϨÊtS | Œ∑´X ˆ´¯ˆ„ ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ƒÊ∑´§Ê~´¨´”; ^Ì˘¨„· ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ©´ƒ´”Z ˆ´¯ˆÊ ≥´m∑Ê˛ @Gfl ©´ƒ´”Z ƒ´”©„@” ^Ï¥ÓÊLt ^m∑´ƒÊ∑´”ƒ´ |©´∑´{´” ¨´X~´ÏÌ˘. ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´”(ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G)¨´ ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ^≥Ê◊¨´t ^©´”≠ƒ´I¨„· ÙÌ˘ƒ„©´”≠ƒ´∆F´”‚ ^¨´”j˙´∑´{´” ≥Ê◊|≥´ÌN˚´”˛Úƒ„. ›´Ì©´p˙´v, p˙´vˆ´§„, ≥´…L©´Õ·Ì ∏~´B´, ^F´~Ê◊¨´∑´{´ F´˙„Ú, z´≥´Òpq˙„√, ÓÊBÊtˆÊz´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´”, ƒ´””¨´vw ƒ´”˙´”Ú F´vˆÊz´©´ ˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´¯˘ ^¨´” ^¨´”j˙´∑´{´©„≠· ≥Ê◊|ߨ„. ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” ˆÊmFÊtˆW‚ ¶≥Wy∑´{´” ≥´B´≥Êv~´” ≥´ms„t@”¯˘ ~´X°≥´ÌN˚´”˛Ú¨´”¤ B´Ìƒ´I ≥´mF´I¿∑´{´ ∏…B´˙W Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{„§Ê˘ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì um¨´” ^S¨´ƒÊ n~´˚´” ß.¶.∑´{´¯˘ Ù~´”ƒ´m˙„ ^˚´ˆ´∑„Xm¶ƒ„. ˆ´¯ˆ„@”X ƒ„}Ï◊¨´tF´«wŒƒÊ∑´”˛Ú¨„. ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©„, ˙Êm˛vˆ´ F´v∑´˛ BÊ∑´X z´v¨„H z„}ˆ´¸]ˆ´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´¨´ n§„˘∑´{´©´”≠ ˜fl∫≥´”˛Úƒ„. ˆ„̃„· ƒ´∆F´Œ∑´{´ ˆ„{´∑„ ˆ´m˚´” ˆ„·{´‘@”|¨´¤ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ∑Êvi ° ˆW√`m¨´ ˜¶¨´” Ùm¿~W ©„MWƒ´~„∑„ nÌ˘ƒ´« ≥„·‘ Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘ ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ù|·∑´ Ùm˙´B´ ∏…B´˙W F´I≥´Úˆ„X·¨´tƒ´”ˆ„y ƒ´”˙´”Ú F´˛vˆ„X·¨´tƒ´”ˆ„y ∑´m¥[·~´ F´‘ßa˛ n¨´”~Êfl¨„. L∑´˛Ú©´ n§Ê˘ ˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´©´”≠ ±ƒ´‘ß~´”ƒ´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ¨„}˙´t ƒ´””¨´vw ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘@”X ˚„≥WyMÊFW F´[˘∆ ° m∑W nm∏ B„X≥´∏∑„@”©´”≠ ≥ʃ´Œ˛v·ˆ´~´w ∑„Xªß §„¿~W F„v≥W nm¨´” ˆ´~„@”§Ê∑´”ƒ´ B´{„@” ƒ´””¨´vw@”m˙´v∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´”X§„∑„ n≥„@””ƒ´m˙„ ƒ´G¶˙´”Ú. ‡∑´ ‡ F´[˘∆°m∑W ƒ´tƒ´≥„a ˆ´X˚´ ∑´m˚Êm˙´~´¨´¯˘¨„. Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´vˆÊz´©´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú Ï˙´~´fi„ ±~´m¥ Ó ´ ±fl~´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ F´vF´m›´¨´ @Gƒ´I¨„· ƒ´”X§„@” F´˛vˆ„, F´I≥´Úˆ´, `@”˙´ˆÊ¯ˆ„ ∑´{´©´”≠ ^˙´tÌN ƒ„›´–¨´¯˘ ˆ´mF´«t¿~WF´~´¨„@” ƒ„”·§„ Î| ±©´m|≥´∏B´”¨´”. n∆F´„X‚m¨´” ≥´”Ì¥Ó´! Ù¨„· ‘·˛@” B„X≥´ ∏¨´§Êƒ´fi„ ‡∑´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ∑´ª∑´X ∏m|¨„ ! Ù©´”≠ ƒ´””m¨„ §„·_ˆ´~´” ˙´ƒ´”Z ˆ´…˛ ∑´{´©´”≠ ©„·~´ƒÊfl Ùm¿~W©„MW ƒ´”Ẍ´ F´vˆ´Uß ƒ´G~´∏B´”¨´”. ˙ʃ´I ~´p≥´”ƒ´ ˆ´…˛@” iF„} F „}§ W um¨´©´”≠ ‡ F´vˆÊz´ˆ´‘∑„ ~´ƒÊ`ß, ˛m∑´ª∑„ ˆ„̃„· ˚ÊÌ~W ≥„}MW Óʶ∑„ ˆ„X¿‚~„ ≥ʈ´m˙„. ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒÊ¨´ ^m¨´~„ ± iF„}§W`m¨´ ˚E©W §„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´ ƒ´tqÚ `·˚´”ƒ´ ƒ„X˙´Ú¨´ Dc % ~´∆F´‚©´”≠ ƒ„X˙´Úƒ´©´”≠ ˆ´X˚´§„· Fʃ´˛ ƒ´G˚´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨´m˙„. B„·fl¨„? Ù|∆ F „‚· ^Ì˘, Ù©´X≠ um¨´” ^¨´”j˙´ ±Ï∆FÊy~´ƒÊfl¨„. Ù˙´~„ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” F´˛vˆ„∑´{´m˙„ \”· ƒ´”˚´p n¯˘∑„ Ó„·ˆÊ¨´~´X ˙„∑„¨´”ˆ„Xm˚´” 11

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B„X·∑´Ì” ∏~´”ƒ´m˙„ ƒ´Gƒ´”X¯ BÊ{„∑´{´ ‘·˛ @”¯˘\”· FÊ˘ß‚ˆW BÊ{„∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú Ïz„·∆ F ´ƒÊ¨´ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW ÙmˆW ≥´˜˙´ƒÊ¨´ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´˛vˆ„∑´{´©´”≠ B„X~´˙´~´”ƒ´ F´v@”˙´≠ ≥Êfl¨„. ¥ÓÊ∑´z´f @”z´ßx@”X ±fl¨„. `ƒ´”∑„ ˆ„X˚´§Ê∑´”ƒ´ F´˛vˆ„ ^S¨´ƒÊ F´I≥´Úˆ´ sʯ@Gfl~´”m˙„ ˆ´m˚´” ∏~´”˙´Ú¨„. ^¨´©´”≠ `ƒ´”Z M„¯F„π·©W∑„ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ´¯Nß ˙´©´XZ̈´ `ƒ´”∑„ @Gƒ´I¨´” Ó„·ˆ„X· ± F´˛vˆ„ ^S¨´ƒÊ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ ƒ„ÓW≥„}MW©´”≠ F´vƒ„·Õß, ˆ´¸wƒ´G˙´v¨´¯˘ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” Øccc F´I¿∑´{´∆F´”‚ ƒ´G˜˛ @”©´”≠ z„·_‘߈„Xm˚´” (˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶) M„¯F„π·©W ˆ´©„ˆ´¸©W ˙„∑„¨´~Ê≈”˙´”. `ƒ´”Z sʯ F´˛vˆ„ ^S¨´ƒÊ F´I≥´Úˆ´ `·ƒ´I ∏@”ߨ´ ƒ´G˜˛≈”m¨´ ˙´”m[~´”˙´Ú¨„. ^¨´ˆ„y ƒ´”˙„Ú Ï¨´”t˙W ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ¨´ ^ƒ´z´tˆ´˙„\”· ÙÌ˘! ≥Ê‚btUˆW n§„qÃßU≈”m¨´ FÊ˘ß‚ˆW∑„ ◊¨´X{´”, ˆ´X¨´Ì”, B´∑´”~´ƒÊ¨´ ˆÊ∑´¨´ ^m¿”ƒ´m˙„ ‡ FÊ˘ß‚ˆW©´m˛~´”ƒ´ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´¯˘ F´~´≥´N~´ Ï~´”¨´H ◊¨´”vƒ´∑´{´” um¨´©„X≠m¨´” ±ˆ´∆°Œ≥´”ƒ´m˙„ ^ˆ´¸~´∑´{´ ±ˆÊ~´¨´¯˘ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW ÙmˆW FÊ˘ß‚ˆW BÊ{„∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„ ƒ´”X¶ ƒ´Gƒ´”X¯ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ /F´˛vˆ„@” F´I¿¨´m˙„\”· ˆÊw”˙´Ú¨„. ‡ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ Î|¨´ ©´m˙´~´ B„X≥´ ƒ´G˜˛ ^S¨´ƒÊ ƒ´”~´”|©´¨´ F´˛vˆ„ Ó„·ˆ„m¨Ê¨´¯˘ ƒ´”˙„Ú M„¯F„π·©W ƒ´”Ẍ´ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ F´vƒ„·Õß, ˆ´¸wˆĘ̂´¯˘ ^¨„· F´I≥´Úˆ´ˆ„y ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´¯˘ B´{„@” ƒ´G˜˛ ^ªßB„X·fl B„X≥´ ƒ´G˜˛ BÊL~W. V¨ÊB´~´fi„∑„, ˆ´©´≠˚´ F´v¥Ó´ / F´vºÊƒÊ] / ˚„ˆ´y©W B„~ʧWd ©´ ‡ |ƒ´≥´¨´ F´˛vˆ„ ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´” Î| ƒ´””flß|‘ nm|¿”‚ˆ„Xª . ƒ´”˙„Ú ƒ´”~´”|©´ Ó„{´∑„∫ ^¨„· F´˛vˆ„@” B„X≥´ ±ƒ´…˛Ú@”©´”≠ `ƒ´”Z ∏ª@” n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´˛vˆ„@”¯˘ ˚E©W §„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´” Ψ´∏B´”¨´”.

BÊ∑„\”· ˚„·§W ˆÊ©„Œfl @” um¨´” F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ó„·ˆ´” nm¨´”ˆ„Xª . ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ Ì” `ƒ´”Z ∏ª FÊ˘ß‚ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ù¨´¤~„ ±≈”˙´”. ˆ„̃„· ˆ´¸w∑´{´¯˘ M„¯F„π·©W ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ‡ ˆ„Ì≥´ ≥Ê◊|≥´ ∏B´”¨´” . ˆÊ©„Œ·fl@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ Î|@G≈”˙´”. º „·ƒ´hW√ BÊt¶˘ ›„·≥W ›„·≥W©´ ˆÊ¨´m∏‘ ^S¨´ƒÊ ß‚·i F ´©W BÊqm∑W BÊqm∑W©´ Ù˛Ú·p©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ψ´Ó„·ˆ´” n`ß˙´”. ≥´‘ ƒ´”˙„Ú. `ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´ˆ„y ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ´¯Nß. ˆ´¸w∑´{´¯˘ F´I≥´Úˆ´ BÊL~W. B´{„@”¨´” ^ªß B„X·fl B„X≥´¨´” ± ºÊ∑´¨´¯˘ ˆ´X˛~´”˙´Ú¨„. ^ÌN ≥„·ƒÊ z´”Ìy ƒ´G˙´v ˙„˙´Ú~Ê≈”˙´”. ƒ´”~´ª ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ„X˚´”ƒ´ƒ´~„∑„ B´{„@” ƒ´G˜˛ ^¯˘ Ù¨„¤· Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. B„·fl¨„? Ù¨´” ˆ´ÌN©„@”Ì˘. ©´X~´ˆ„y ©´X~´” ≥´˙´t. Ωkkk~´¯˘ ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´ ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ƒ´”≥Ê›´”≥„MW√ Ù`√b‚¿XtMW ±i F W M„ˆÊ≠Ìe ≥´m≥„a @”ƒ´~´” n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW ÙmˆW ߨ´H∑„X·ªß¨´”¤ ≥Êt©W iFÊv`√≥„Xy· ¨´¯˘ ©´˚„¨´ ≥„·Ó„X·§Wd F´[˘∆°m∑W ˆÊ©WÁ~„©W√ (Seybold Publishing Conference) ©´¯˘ F´v¨´ÕŒ≥´§Êfl˙´”Ú. Ù¨„· ‘·˛@” ≥´ƒ„”Z·{´©´ øccc ©„· ©´ƒ„m∏~W Í ƒ´”˙´”Ú < ~´m¨´” ©´Xt@GˆWŒ ©´Xt@GˆWŒ©´¯˘ ©´˚„≈”˙´”. øccø~´ ƒ´G›WŒ ΩØ ‘m¨´ ΩÍ ~´ƒ´~„∑„ ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´ ƒÊ∆°m∑´‚©W ~ÊLt¨´ ß@G¿§W ß@G¿§W©´¯˘”EPIC - Con 2002” nm∏ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆÊz´ˆ´~´ ≥´ƒ„”Z·{´©´ ©´˚„|˙´”Ú. ≥´¨´t ƒ´G~´”ˆ´M„‚@”¯˘ ˆ„̃´I Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” (e-Book) ¨„X~„@”” ˛Ú¨´”¤ ^ƒ´I∑´{´¯˘ ≥ÊiFW‚∏”ˆW (Soft Book) ~ʈ„MW ∏”ˆW (Rocket Book), 3 §„}[v@”≥W Ï”§„`@”ƒ´hW ˆÊƒ´hW Fʃ´hW F„}ÌMW MW(3 Com Palm Pilot) ƒ´”˙´”Ú§„} ÙÆ∏”ˆW (Librius Millennium E-book)∑´{´” F´vƒ´””_ƒÊ¨´ƒ´I. Ùƒ´I∑´{´¯˘ ˙´”m[߈„Xm˚´” Ψ´Ì” Ì¥Ó´tÏ~´”ƒ´ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” Adobe PDF, Instant eBook, Microsoft Reader ƒ´”˙´”Ú Palm ~´XF´∑´{´¯˘~´”˙´Úƒ„. Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒ´I ˆ„}@”¯˘ ˜¶¨´” Ψ´∏B´”¨Ê¨´ pˆ´y Fʃ´hWˆ´mF´«t¿~W/ ±∑´Œ©„}≥´~W ˙´~´B´¨´ F´I¿‚ ≥Ê◊¨´©´ƒÊfl¨´”¤ Ù¨´ˆ„y ¯qx˚W qv≥´‚§W ¶≥WF„˘· ßybv·©W (Liquid Cristal Display Screen) Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. ≥´”ƒ´G~´” < ƒ„”∑ÊÓ„}MW ≥ʃ´”S¨´tŒ ^m¨´~„ Øccc |m¨´ >ccc F´I¿∑´{´ƒ´~„∑„ ƒ´””|v˙´ ƒ´G˜˛ ÙÌ˘ƒ„ <c ‘m¨´ Ωøc `Ï”∆F´∑´{´ƒ´~„∑„ ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G ƒ´G˜˛ Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. Ó„·ˆ„m¨Ê∑´ Ùm¿~W©„MW∑„ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ´¯Nß, Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„Xm˚´” ≥´ƒ´”@”ƒÊ¨Ê∑´ Ψ´∏B´”¨´”. ˆ´]ÿ∑„ z´vƒ´”ƒÊ∑´¨´m˙„ ©„X·¶ˆ„X{´ Ì” B´ß~´” ∏wÿ¨´ ˜©„≠§„@”¯˘ B„X{„@””ƒ´ ˆ´F´IN ∏wÿ¨´ ¯˘ ƒ´””|v˙´ ^ˆ´¸~´∑´{´” ≥ÊÌ” ≥ʧÊfl um¨´” ƒ´””|v˙´ F´I¿¨´ ±ˆÊ~´¨´¯˘ ˆ„}@”¯˘ Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. ~ʈ„MW∏”ˆW (Rocket Book) ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´ F´vߨ´H F´vˆÊz´©´ ≥´m≥„a@G¨´ ÓÊ©„Œ≥W ƒ´”˙´”Ú ©„X·∏§W ~´ƒ´~´ FÊÌ”¨Ê~´ ≥´m≥„a@Gfl¨´”¤ Í Ìˆ´¸ˆ´Xy B„›´”– F´I≥´Úˆ´ ∑´{´©´”≠ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´~´XF´¨´¯˘ F´vˆ´Uߨ„. ±≥´ˆ´Ú~´” uƒ„”Z∑„ ˆ´`∆F´‚ Øccc F´I¿∑´{´∆F´”‚ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ ˙´ƒ´”Z ∏ª≈”~´”ƒ´ F´I¿‚@”m˙´v¨´¯˘ ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ ∏B´”¨´”. ‡ F´I¿‚ @”m˙´vˆ„y ≥´”ƒ´G~´” ®cc ‘m¨´ Dcc ˚ÊÌ~W _›ÊŒ∑´¯¨´”¤ ˚E©W §„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ Ì” `∑´|∑„Xª≥´ §Êfl~´”ƒ´ ˆ´`∆F´‚ Óʶ∑„ ˆ„X˚´Ó„·ˆ´”. ±¨´~„ Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ ƒ´G~´”ˆ´M„‚∑„ ∏m|~´”ƒ´ 3ˆÊƒ´hW Fʃ´hW F„}ÌMW 13

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(3 Com Palm Pilot) um¨´” ^m∑„}∑Ê˙´v¨´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W @”m˙´vƒÊfl¨´”¤ Ù¨´©´”≠ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ Î|∑Êfl\”· ^Ì˘¨„ Ù˙´~„ ≥ʃ´G©´t ˆ´mF´«t¿~W∑´{´m˙„ ƒ´G˜˛ ≥´m∑´vB´, Ï`ƒ´”@” ƒ´”˙´”Ú ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ ¨´¯˘ F´˙´v∑´{´©´”≠ um¨„˚„≈”m¨´ Ù©„X≠m¨„˚„ ˆ´ª≥´”ƒ´ ‡Æƒ„”·§W Ù˙Êt| ˆ„Ì≥´∑´ª∑´X ∏{´≥´∏B´”¨´”. ‡ @”m˙´vˆ„y ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ|m¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ©„·~´ƒÊfl ˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ ∏{´≥´∏B´”¨´”. Ù¨´‘m¨´ ∏‘· F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ψ´”ƒ´ @”m˙´vˆ„ym¨„· `·˚´Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ ®cc ‘m¨´ Dcc ˚ÊÌ~W Vª˙Ê@” ! Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ Ù¨´” L©´°v@”ƒÊ∑´”˛Ú¨„.

http://www.netlibrary.com http://www.powells.com http://www.peanutpress.com/ http://www.ebooknet.com/ http://www.barnesandnoble.com/subjects/ebooks http://www.rocket-library.com http://ebookstore.cc/ http://www.ebooksforyou.com http://www.blackmask.com http://agoodbook.com http://diskbooks.org/ http://www.ebookmall.com/ http://www.m-pro.demon.co.uk http://www.e-booksonline.net http://www.1stbooks.com/ http://www.e-publishingaustralia.com http://www.time.com/ http://www.bb.com http://zanderebooks.com http://www.readslikeabook.com/ http://www.virtualvolumes.com http://www.teleport.com/ http://www.softbook.com/ http://www.readersnetwork.com/best.html www.publicus.net/ebooks/ http://www.newsbytes.com/ http://www.ebookcompiler.com http://www.e-book-awards.com/ http://www.asptoday.com http://www.book-e-book.com/ http://www.pcmech.com/sitedlfaq.htm http://www.zdnet.com http://ebooknet.com/ http://www.globalserve.net/~slider/e-book.html http://www.bookmice.com/e-Book News.htm http://www.biblio-tech.com/html/e-book http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ebooks/ebooklist.html http://www.smart-web-promotion.com/e-books.htm http://www.e-book-world.com/ ƒ´””m˙ʨ´ƒ´I. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ebooks/ebooklist.html

^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´¯˘ e-book ƒ´G~Ê¿¨´ Ï{Ê≥´∑´{´” Ïz´x ƒÊt° ƒ´G˜˛ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´¯˘ e-book um¨´” ^¨´”j˙´ §„X·ˆ´ƒ´©„≠· ˙„~„|˚´”˙´Ú¨„. `·ƒ´I @Gƒ´I¨„· ÓEv≥´~W ≥Êi F W‚ƒ„·~W ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ ºÊÛ©´§„X·ˆ´ˆ„y Ì∑„∫ Ù˚´”ƒ´I¨´~´ º„X˙„∑„ `ƒ´”∑„ ∑„X˙„Ú· Ù~´¨´ B´ÌƒÊ~´” Ï∆F´@”∑´{´©´”≠ ˛ª@””ƒ´^ƒ´ˆÊz´∑´ªƒ„. www.google.com, www.altavista.com,www.indiatimes.com, www.lycos.com, www.rediff.com, www.indya.com, ƒ´””m˙ʨ´ F´vƒ´””_ ≥´›WŒ Ùme©W∑´{´¯˘©´ Search nm∏ qm¶@”¯˘ e-book nm¨´” ¥Ó´˛Œ ƒ´G¶¨´~„ 3,14,000 qym˙´ÌX B„›´”– ÏÏ◊¨´ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ Ï{Ê≥´∑´{´” F´˙„Ú@G∑´”˙´Úƒ„ (‡ ≥´ms„t |©´ |©´ˆ„y ∏¨´§Ê∑´”˛Ú~´”˙´Ú¨„). ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ ^m∑´¶∑´{´” Vp˙´ƒÊfl ˙´ƒ´”Z Ù˛Ú·p©´ F´vˆ´¿fi„∑´{´ F´U‚@”©´”≠ ˆ´ªßˆ„X˚´”˙ÊÚ~„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú B„X≥´ F´vˆ´¿fi„∑´{´ ˆ´”‘˙´” ƒ´G˜˛ u¨´fl≥´”˙ÊÚ~„.`·ƒ´I§„·_ˆ´~Êfl¨´¤~„ `ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ e-book ±fl F´‘ƒ´˛Œß ƒ´G~´”ƒ´I¨Êfl ˆ„̃´I ≥´m≥„a∑´{´” ˛ª≥´”˙´Úƒ„. ˆ„̃´I ^m∑´¶∑´ª∑„ ^ÌN z´”Ìy `·¶¨´~„ ≥ʈ´m˙„. ƒ´”˙„Ú ˆ„̃´I ^m∑´¶∑´{´ƒ´~´” ‡ ˆ„Ì≥´ƒ´©´”≠ Vp˙´ƒÊfl ƒ´G˚´Ì” ƒ´””m¨„ ∏m¨´” `ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´¯˘ ^ƒ´~´ um¨´” ºÊ˜·~Ê˙´” Ì∑´˛Ú≥´Ì” ^©´”ƒ´”˛ ˆ„·{´”˙ÊÚ~„. ^ƒ´~´ ºÊ˜·~Ê˙´” Bʈ´Ì” `·ƒ´I u°N¨´~„ `ƒ´”∑„ ^ƒ´~´” `ƒ´”Z F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆ´U≥´”ƒ´ Ï◊¨Ê©´ƒ´©´”≠ Vp˙´ƒÊfl B„·ªˆ„X˚´”˙ÊÚ~„. ^m˙´B´ ˆ„̃´I ^m∑´¶∑´{´” Ù¯˘ƒ„:

©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

º„X˙„∑„ ˆ„·{´Ì” ÏÏ◊¨´ ◊¨´x`∑´{´”, ¥ÓÊ∆F´w∑´{´ ˙´”w”ˆ´”∑´{´”, ≥´mfl·˙´, ƒ´”˙´”Ú ©„X·˚´Ì” ¨´…z´t, ß`ƒ´G ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˛v·˚„}ƒ„”©´¸©´§W ±ˆ´…˛∑´{´” ˆ´X˚´ ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„.

BÊ∑„\”· ‡ ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G ƒ´G˜˛ Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´” Ùm¿~W©„MW©´¯˘ Vp˙´ƒÊfl ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. `ƒ´”∑„ Ó„·ˆÊ¨Ê∑´˚E©W§„X·˚W ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ ∏B´”¨´”. [vMÊ`@G Ïz´x ˆ„X·z´ ‡∑´^m˙´ºÊŒ¯˘ Ì¥Ó´tϨ„ : www.britannica.com ß.¶.∑´{´Ì˘¨„ ≥´¨´t¨´§„˘· ƒ´G~´”ˆ´M„‚∑„ ∏~´¯~´”ƒ´ ¶.Ï.¶. ( Digital Versatile Disc-DVD) ƒ´Gƒ´”X¯ ß.¶.∑´ªflm˙´ < F´¿”‚ B„›´”– ≥´m∑´vB´fiÊ ≥ʃ´”S¨´tŒ B„Xm|¨´”¤ n~´˚´X ∏|∑´{´¯˘ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” Ω< fl∑ÊÓ„}MW∑´{´∆F´”‚ ^m¨´~„ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” ΩΩ,>cc i F Ê˘°∑´{´¯˘ ˙´”m∏∏B´”¨Ê¨´∆ F ´”‚ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ ≥´m∑´v˜ß¿”‚ˆ„X{´ ¯¨´”¤ ∏…B´˙W ∑Ê˙´v¨´ Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, F´¨´ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, ˆÊ¨´m∏‘∑´{´”, F´v∏m◊¨´∑´ªm¨´ ˆ´X¶¨´ ∏…B´˙W ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”ƒ´©„≠· um¨´” ¶.Ï.¶.@” ~´XF´¨´¯˘ `ƒ´”Z º„·[©´¯˘¿”‚ˆ„X{´ ∏B´”¨´”. ±∑´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆÊz´©´¨´ ¥Ó´Ï∆F´t B„·fl~´∏B´”¨´”? \X·pß. ≥´¨´t ƒ´G~´”ˆ´M„‚@”¯˘~´”ƒ´ ˆÊ∑´¨´¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” ±∑´ FÊv›´tƒ´≥´”Ú ≥´m∑´vBÊÌ@” ≥„·~´∏B´”¨„·©„X·! nƒ„‘ ∏”ˆW Ù©WˆÊF„«Œ·~„·∆F´©W (Every Book Incorporation) ≥´m≥„a@”” B„X~´˙´m|~´”ƒ´ Ù.[. ˚„¶ˆ„·M„˚W ‘·˚´~W (E.B.Dedicated Reader) nm∏ ƒ´Gƒ´”X¯ F´I≥´Úˆ´¨´m˙„ n˚´∑´˚„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ∏Ì∑´˚„ F´I¿ Ù~´”ƒ´ @”m˙´vƒ´I n~´˚´” n§W.ß.¶. F´~´¨„∑´{´©´”≠ B„X·m|¨´”¤ ≥ÊiFW‚∏”ˆW W‚∏”ˆWflm˙´ B„›´”– Ó„§„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú `_~´˙„@””{´ ¨Êfl¨„. Ù¨´” ˚ʈ´‚~W, Ùme`@”~W ƒ´”˙´”Ú §Ê@”~W∑´{´ VF´\X·∑´ˆÊyfl ±@G ˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´¯˘©´ ±Ï∆FÊy~´∑´{´ ƒ´G˜˛ `·˚´”˙´Ú¨„. ‡ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´ª∑„§Ê˘ ƒ´””©´”≠¶ BÊq¨´”¤ Ωk<Ω ~´∆F´”‚ ˜m¨„, ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´ Ù¯©Ê@hW√ FÊvm˙´t¨´ Ó„©„¶ˆ„‚}©W ˆÊ§„·e©´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ˙´LÛ~´ ˙´m˚´ FÊvº„ˆW‚ ∑´”M„©W∏∑WŒ nm∏ B„≥´‘©´¯˘ ±~´m¥[ߨ´ F´vߨ´H F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ ≥´m∑´vB´ ˆÊ@”Œ. Ùmfl˘∆FW ≥ʘ˙´t¨´ ƒ´”BÊ©W ˆ´…˛∑´{„Ì˘ƒ´©´X≠ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´ ~´XF´¨´¯˘ ˙´~´Ì” `◊¨´Œ‘ߨ´ ‡ ˙´m˚´ˆ„y @”z´≥´”√ ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ƒÊfl ßqy˙´”, ˆÊ~´w ‡ B´{„@” ˆ´…˛∑´ª∑„ ˆÊ°~„}MW ÙÌ˘|~´”ƒ´I¨´”. Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ ©´ƒ´”Z ¨„·z´¨´¯˘ ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒÊ∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ˆ„̃Ê~´” ˆ´mF´«t¿~W `@”˙´ˆÊ¯ˆ„∑´{´ º„X˙„ `·˚´§Ê∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ß.¶.∑´{´¯˘ ‡ FÊvº„ˆW‚ ∑´”M„©W∏∑WŒ©´ F´vsÊt˙´ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´ ≥´~´] ∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´””|v≥´§Êfl¨„. ±≥´ˆ´Ú~´” Ωkkk ~´ “°v§W

§„·_ˆ´‘∑„ F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆ´¿fi„@” ∏∑„∫ƒ´G˜˛ `·˚´”ƒ´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a≈”¨´”¤ ±≥´ˆ´Ú~´” ≥´¨´‘ Ï{Ê≥´ƒ´©´”≠ ≥´mF´qŒ≥´∏B´”¨´”. ‡ Ïz´xƒÊt° ˙Êw¨´¯˘ e-book ∑´ª∑„ Ù~´”ƒ´ ^ƒ´ˆÊz´¨´ º„X˙„∑„ e-library ˆ´X˚´ Ï≥´ÚÂ˙´ƒÊfl Ó„{„@””˛Ú¨„. @Gƒ´I¨„· ≥´›WŒ Ùme©W©´¯˘ e-library nm¨´” `·ƒ´I M„}F´I ƒ´G¶ B´”˚´”q¨´~„ ˆ´`∆F´‚ ÍÍ,<cc ˙Êw∑´{´” ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. ^m˙´B´ ˆ„̃´I V¨ÊB´~´fi„∑´{´” Ù¯˘ƒ„: Encyclopedia.com www.elibrary.com/ eels.lub.lu.se/ elibrary.destinationcrm.com/ www.ecnewsletter.com/ www.e-book.com.au/ www.bartleby.com/ www.elibrary.com/ www.elibrary.com/s/edumark/ www.lwv.org/elibrary/ www.encyclopedia.com/ etext.lib.virginia.edu/ebooks/ TeleChem//arrayit.com e-library The e ... arrayit.com/e-library/ www.gsaelibrary.gsa.gov/elib/eLibrary.jsp www.unitus.it/virtual/e-book/e-library.htm www.unitus.it/virtual/e-book/faq.htmwww.ecnewsletter.com/ebooks.htm www.unitus.it/virtual/e-book/e-library.htm http://www.unitus.it/virtual/e-book/e-library.htm E-library www.futureprint.kent.edu/articles/wood01.htm

Ù∆F„X‚m¨´” F´vƒ´Gw¨´¯˘ e-book∑´{´” B„X~´∏~´”˛Ú~´”ƒÊ∑´ ^ƒ´I∑´{´¯˘ V˙´Úƒ´”ƒÊ¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ˆ„y F´vz´ßÚ ˆ„X˚´”ƒ´ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@”X Ù¨„. http://www.ebook-awards.com/ Ï{Ê≥´¨´¯˘ ‡ F´vz´ßÚ∑´{´ ∏∑„∫ σ´~´∑´{´” ß∑´”˙´Úƒ„. ∏…B´˙W Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´ ≥´~´]∑´{´©´”≠ Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ ˆ„X{´” ƒ´I¨´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú ƒ´G~´”ƒ´I¨´” ˆ´¶ƒ„” @G∑´”˛Ú¨´”¤ Ù¨´ˆ„y F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ ∑Ê˙´v, ≥´a{Ê¥Óʃ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ^◊|ˆ´ Ó„§„ ˆÊ~´wƒÊfl¨„. Ù¨´©´”≠ ˙´°N≥´Ì” Ù¶· ≥´~´]@”©´”≠ um¨´” ^S¨´ƒÊ n~´˚´” ˆÊmFÊtˆW‚ ¶≥Wy∑´{´¯˘ ƒ´””|vß ƒ´”XÌ ≥´~´]@” Ó„§„@” B´˙´Ú©„· um¨´” ¥ÓÊ∑´ Ó„§„∑„ (uƒ„XZƒ„”Z ≥´”ƒ´G~´” Ωccc |m¨´ ®ccc ~´XFÊ≈”∑´{´∆F´”‚ ˆ´¶ƒ„” Ó„§„∑„) ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒ´G˚´§Ê∑´”˛Ú¨´”¤ ‡ ß.¶.∑´{´¯˘ ƒ´””|v˙´ ƒ´G˜˛@” º„X˙„∑„ ƒ´”¯‚Ï”·¶@G ƒ´G˜˛ ˆ´X˚´ Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. Ψ´”ƒ´ ≥ʃ´”flv @” ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

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Ù¨´”¤ u¿”‚ ®> ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´©´”≠ Ù¨´” º„X·¶≥´”˛Ú¨„. Ù¨´©´”≠ National Information System for Science and Technology - NISSAT ƒ´˜ßˆ„Xm¶¨„. Ù¨´~´m˙„\”· ¨„B´¯ ƒ´”X̨´ Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre - DESIDOC ©´ƒ´~´ DESINET ¥ÓÊ~´˛·@” ~´ˆ´¸fiÊ F´˚„∑´ª∑„ ^∑´˙´tƒÊ¨´ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ ƒ´G˜˛ BÊ∑´X ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@” ºỄÊfl¨„. ^m˙„\”· Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - CSIR ©´ƒ´~´ CSIRNET nm∏ ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©Ê ºỄ´« Ù¨„. ˆ„}∑Ê‘ˆ„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥„·ƒÊˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´¯˘~´”ƒ´ƒ´~´ ∏{´ˆ„∑Êfl B„}¨´~ÊÓʨW ƒ´”X̨´ Computer Maintenance Corporation- CMC ©´ƒ´~´” ≥Êa°ß~´”ƒ´ INDONET F´v≥´”Ú˙´ ¨„B´¯, ˆ´Ìy˙ÊÚ, ƒ´””mÓ„} ƒ´”˙´”Ú ›„©„≠b} ƒ´”BÊ©´∑´~´∑´{´©´”≠ º„X·¶ß¨´”¤ Ó„m∑´{´X~´”, ^B´ƒ´”¨ÊÓʨW ƒ´”˙´”Ú F´Ifi„∑´{´¯˘ ˆ´X˚´ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ„Xm¶∑´{´©´”≠ ّ߈„Xm¶¨„. ƒ´””mÓ„ ©´¯˘©´ Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited - VSNL ©´ Gateway switching Service ƒ´”Ẍ´ ‡ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ˆ„Ì≥´ `ƒ´Œ˜≥´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ ^m˙Ê~Ê∆°Ã·@” ºÊÌ ∑´{ʨ´ TYMNET, TELENET, DATEX-P, TRANSPAC ∑´{´©´”≠ ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ƒÊfl ˙´Ì”F´∏B´”¨´”. ¨„B´¯ ƒ´”XÌ|m¨´ n§Ê˘ ~ÊLt∑´{´ ~ÊL◊ ¨ Ê`∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´”˙´”Ú e§Ê˘ ˆ„·m¨´v∑´{´©´”≠ INSAT ƒ´”Ẍ´ ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ¨´¯˘¿”‚ˆ„Xm˚´” ˆ„·m¨´v BÊ∑´X ~ÊLt ≥´ˆÊŒ~´∑´{´ ±˚´ª˙´ ≥´”∑´ƒ´”ƒÊ∑´Ì”, ƒ´G˜˛ Ï`ƒ´”@” ƒ´G¶ˆ„X{´ Ì” National Informatics Centre - NIC©´ƒ´~´” ≥Êa°ß¨´ National Informatics Centre Networks - NICENET ≥´¨´t B„›´”– ≥´”|¤@”¯˘¨´”¤¨´” ›´”©Êƒ´fi„∑´{´ ≥´m¨´¥Ó´Œ ¨´¯˘. ¨´X~´¨´z´Œ©´¨´ F´~´¨„@”ƒ„”·§„ ~Ê∆F´Ã¨´ n§Ê˘ ˆ´˚„∑´ªm¨´ ƒ´”˙´ “]ˆ„@” σ´~´∑´{´©´”≠ @”S¨Êƒ´˙ÊÚfl, ˆ´”˘F´ÚˆÊÌ ¨´¯˘ `·¶¨´”¤ ‡ NICENET ºỄ„·. Ù¨´~´¯˘ Depatment of Biotechnology ≥´m≥„a@”ƒ´~´ BTISNET ƒ´G˜˛ ≥´m∑´vB´ƒ´« ≥„·‘¨„. Ù©´”≠ Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´ Ïz„·∆ F ´ ∑´vmS¨´Æƒ´G˜˛Æ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´ Ï`ƒ´”@” ˆÊyfl\”· ERNET, INFLIBNET ƒ´”˙´”Ú VIDYANET nm∏ ºÊÌ∑´ªƒ„. Ó„m∑´{´X‘©´ Indian Institute of Science - IISc, ƒ´””mÓ„}©´ National Centre for Software Technology - NCST ƒ´”˙´”Ú Depat ment of Electronics - DOE , ÏÏ◊¨´

©´m˙´~´¨´ °.ß.ˆ„x≥W‚ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ƒ´G߈´/ ¶eMW ƒ´G߈´ ¨´ ß.¶. ß.¶.∑´{´¯˘ `·˚´§Êfl~´”ƒ´ ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ©„X·˚´∏B´”¨´”, ˙´ƒ´”Z ˆ´mF´«t¿~W∑´X ƒ´∑ÊŒ≈”ß ˆ„X{´ ∏B´”¨´”.(˚„·`@”§W ¶·F„π·, ~Ê∏MWŒ ÌX≈” ßxƒ´©W ≥´©W,º„X·≥„iFW ˆÊ©Êv˚W ƒ„X¨´§Ê¨´ F´vƒ´””_ ≥ʘ˛∑´{´ ≥´ƒ´”∑´v ˆ´…˛∑´{´” ‡∑Ê∑´§„· ± ß.¶.∑´{´¯˘ Ì¥Ó´tσ„.) ‡ ≥ÊÏ~Ê~´” F´I¿∑´{´ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ F„·ºWƒ„”·ˆ´~W FÊtˆ„·ºW©´¯˘ ≥´m∑´v˜ß¿”‚ Ó„·ˆ„m¨Ê∑´ ˆ´mF´«t¿~W©´¯˘ ƒ´”X¶ß Ψ´∏B´”¨´”.Ψ´¯ˆ„y Ó„·ºÊ~„`ߨ´¯˘ ƒ´”¯‚ Ï”·¶@G FÊtˆ„·ºW Ù¨´¤ƒ´~´” M„ˆW‚b√ ^ß≥„‚mMW ‘·˚´~W©´ ≥´BÊ@”|m¨´ Î|ß ˆ„·ª ±©´m|≥´∏B´”¨´” ! ^˚„X·ÓW©´ƒ´~´ e-book ‘·˚´~W, ±ˆ„XvÓÊtMW ‘·˚´~W∑´{´” ‡ |≥„@”¯˘ B„›´”– VF´@””ˆ´Ú. BÊ∑„\”· ƒ„”}ˆ„Xv ≥ÊiFW‚©´ƒ´~´ e-book‘·˚´~W ˆ´X˚´ ∏m|¨„. ∏…B´˙W ∑Ê˙´v¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ n§„ˆÊÃ`ˆW F´I≥´Úˆ´~´XF´¨´¯˘ ß.¶.@”¯˘ z„·_‘ß¿”‚ˆ„Xm˚´” ^ˆ´≥ÊZ˙W Ψ´”∑´‘m¨´ ì ˆÊ∑´¨´¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ~´XF´¨´¯˘\”· Ó„·ˆ´”î î nm∏ Ó„·¶ˆ„ ∏m¨´¯˘ ± ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ ˙´ˆ´¸wƒ„· ƒ´””|vß ˆ„X˚´”ƒ´ ≥EÌ¥Ó´t ˆ„̃´I F´I≥´Úˆ´ F´vˆÊz´ˆ´~´¯˘ ¨„X~„@””˛Ú¨„. ˆ´`∆F´‚ F´ˆ´¸ ^m˙´B´ øc F´v˛∑´ª∑„ Ó„·¶ˆ„ ∏m¨´ ˆ´X˚´§„· ƒ´””|vß ˆ„X˚´”˙ÊÚ~„. Ù¨´‘m¨Êfl ¥ÓÊ‘· F´vƒ´Gw¨´ ˆÊ∑´¨´¨´ Vª˙Ê@”ƒÊ∑´”˙´Ú¨„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥´m∑´vB´¨´ ˙ÊF´˙´v@”, F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´” BÊ{Ê∑´”ƒ´I¨´”, ƒ´G~Ê¿ ˆÊyfl ≥Ê∑Ê]ˆ„ ƒ´G˚´”ƒ´I¨´” nÌ˘ƒ´« ˙´F´IN˙´Ú¨„. pˆ´y ∑Ê˙´v¨´ ß.¶. @”¯˘\”· ^©„·ˆ´ÓÊ‘ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ„X{´” ƒ´ƒ´~´” Ù~´”˙ÊÚ~„. ^¨´‘m¨´ ≥Ê∑Ê]ˆ„@”X ≥´”Ì¥Ó´ ^Ì˘ƒ„· ? ‡ ‘·˛@” ƒ´G˜˛ ≥´m∑´vB´ƒ´©´”≠ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´¯˘ ∏{´ßˆ„X{´” ˛Ú~´”ƒ´ƒ´~´ ≥´ms„t |©´ |©´ˆ„y Ó„{„@””˛Ú¨„. um¨´” ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”|m¨´ Ù©„X≠m¨´” ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”ˆ„y ƒ´G˜˛ Ï`ƒ´”@”, ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´ªm¨´ ˆ´À„·‘∑´ª∑„, zÊ§Ê ˆÊ§„·L”∑´ª∑„, ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©Ê ˆ„·m¨´v∑´ª∑„ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ¨´ ƒ´”Ẍ´, ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ≥„·˙´”ƒ„∑´{´ ƒ´”Ẍ´ ©´˚„@””˛Ú¨„. Ù¨´ˆÊyfl §„X·ˆ´§W “‘@G ©„MWƒ´ˆWŒ (Local Area Network - LAN ), ƒ„”M„Xv· Fʯ¿©W §„}∏v‘ ©„MWƒ´ˆWŒ (Metropolitan Library Network MLN ) BÊ∑´X ƒ„}˚W “‘@G ©„MWƒ´ˆWŒ (Wide Area Network - WAN)∑´{´©´”≠ ∏{´ßˆ„X{´ §Ê∑´”˛Ú¨„. ¥ÓÊ~´˙´¨´¯˘©´ ƒ´”BÊ©´∑´~´ ∑´{´¯˘ ‡ ≥EÌ¥Ó´t ‡∑Ê∑´§„· ›Ê¯Ú@”¯˘¨„. ˆ´Ìy˙ÊÚ¨´¯˘ CALIBNET nm∏ nm∏ ƒ´tƒ´≥„a

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©´∑´~´∑´{´¯˘©´ ¨´” ≥´m≥„a∑´{´” ≥´m@””ˆ´ÚƒÊfl Education and Research Network - ERNET nm∏ ≥´mF´ˆ´ŒºÊÌ “F´Œ¶ßˆ„Xm¶ƒ„. ^m˙„\”· Ïz´xϨÊtÌ@” ◊¨´©´ ≥´BÊ@” ±\X·∑´ UGC ¨´ FÊv\X·Lˆ´˙´x¨´¯˘ > ©„· F´m›´ ƒÊ∆°Œˆ´ \X·L©„@”¶ ^©´”∆FÊ‚©´∑„Xm¶~´”ƒ´ INFLIBNET ≥´mF´ˆ´Œ ºÊ̈„y V©´≠˙´ Õˆ´¸w¨´ ≥´m≥„a∑´{´”,Ïz´xϨÊtÌ@”∑´{´”,≥´mz„X·◊¨´©„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ^¥[ƒ´…|H ≥´m≥„a∑´{´”, CSIR, ICAR, ICMR, ICSSR ©´m˙´B´ B´ÌƒÊ~´” ≥´m≥„a∑´{´ º„X˙„∑„ ΩDc ˆ´Xy B„›´”–Ïz´x ϨÊtÌ@”∑´{´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´”, Dc ≥Ê≠˙´ˆ„X·˙´Ú~´ ˆ„·m¨´v∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú ≥Êx@””˙´Ú ƒ´”BÊϨÊtÌ@”∑´{´”, øcc Ïz„·∆F´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´X ≥„·‘ƒ„.

B„X≥´ ≥´B´≥´vƒ´G©´¨´ ˆ„X˚´”∑„@” ‘·˛@”¯˘ ±\X·e˙´ ƒÊfl~´”ƒ´ VIDYANET nm∏ ƒ´G˜˛ ºÊÌ ¨„B´¯@” All India Institute of Medical Sciences - AIIMS, IIT BÊ∑´X National Physical Laboratory, ƒ´””mÓ„}©´

(Teacher) F´‘ˆ´ÌN©„@” ∏¨´¯∑„ ˆ´¯ˆ„@”©´”≠ F„«v·˙Ê√˜≥´”ƒ´ ƒ´G∑´Œ¨´z´Œˆ´ / ≥´mF´©´XZÌ ƒ´tqÚ (Learning Fecilitator / Educational Practitioner) nm∏”¨´” ∏{´ˆ„@”¯˘¨„. ©Êƒ´I Ó„X·◊|≥´”ƒ´I¨´~´ ∏¨´Ì” ˆ´¯ˆÊ F´vqv\”@”¯˘ FÊÌ”¨Ê~´~Ê∑´Ó„·ˆ´”. Ù¨´ˆ„y ˙´ƒ´”Z ˛m∑´{´ ≥´m∏{´¨´ Ω% ‘m¨´ D% ~´∆ F ´”‚ ¥ÓÊ∑´ƒ´©´”≠ ˙´ƒ´”Z ≥„·ƒÊ ˆ„¸·˙´v¨´¯˘ F´‘w˛∑´ªßˆ„X{´ Ì”, ≥´m∏m◊|ߨ´ F´I≥´Úˆ´, F´˛vˆ„, `@”˙´ˆÊ¯ˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ _‘·|≥´Ì” ∏{´ßˆ„X{´” ƒ´ ƒ´”©´≥´”√ ƒ´G¶¨´~„ F´v˛ ƒ´”©„, zʧ„ Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w∑´ªm¨´ ˙´”m[ ˙´”{´”ˆ´”˙´Ú¨„, ƒ´”ˆ´y{´¯˘ ˆ´¯ˆÊ F´vƒ´…˛Ú B„›´”–˙´Ú¨„. º„X˙„∑„ ±◊¨´”`ˆ´ ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” VF´ˆ´~´w∑´{´ F´‘›´@”ƒ´« ±fl um¨„Xm¨Êfl ^ƒ´I ƒ´”©„ ≥„·~´”˙´Úƒ„. ¨´” ^S ¨ ´ƒÊ B´˙´”Ú ƒ´∆ F ´Œ∑´{´ ˆÊÌ ˜·∑„ ≥´˙´˙´ƒÊfl Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w∑´{´ ƒ„”·§„ B´w ƒ´t≈”≥´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ ©´∆F´‚ƒ„·©´X ±∑´¨„ ^∑Ê◊¨´ ºÊÛ©´FÊv°Ú ±∑´”˙´Ú¨„. Ù¨´”ƒ´~„∑„ ˛ªß¨´ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´”, ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ƒ„X¨´§Ê¨´ƒ´I F´v˛\X∏»~´ ƒ´”©„∑„ ∏~´”ƒ´m˙Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„, ^Ì˘ƒ„·? Ù∆F„‚§Ê˘ Ïz„·∆F´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ ∏∑„∫ B„·ª@G¨´ ƒ„”·§„ ˆ´©´≠˚´ F´I≥´Úˆ„X·¨´tƒ´”¨´ ∏∑„∫, ˆ´©´≠˚´¨´¯˘ ‡ ‘·˛@” Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ ∑´{´©´”≠ F´vˆ´U≥´”ƒ´I¨´~´ ˆ´”‘˙´” B„·{´§„· Ó„·ˆ´”. ≥´¨´t |ˆ´X√p F´vˆÊz´©´ ¨´ƒ´~´” ߯ˆÊ©W ßU nm∏ ƒ´G≥´F´˛vˆ„ @”©´”≠ B„X~´˙´~´”˛Ú¨´”¤ ^¨´~„XU‚∑„ `·˚´§Ê∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ∏B´”ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´” ß.¶.@”¯˘ Ùm˙´B´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´ F´vˆ´¿fi„∑„ F´v@”˙´≠ ≥Êfl¨„. ˆ´©´≠˚´¨´ Ψ´”∑´~´” ƒ´””|v˙´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ„X{´” ƒ´I¨´©´”≠ ~´X‹¶ßˆ„Xm˚Ê∑´ Ϩ´”t©ÊZ©´ F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ„X{´” ƒ´ ∏∑„∫ ¥Ó´~´ƒ´≥„ ƒ´”X˚´”˙´Ú¨„. F´I≥´Úˆ´∑´{„· ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒÊ∑´|¨´¤ƒ„”·§„ F´vˆÊz´ˆ´~´” ^ƒ´I∑´{´©´”≠ @G˙´ˆÊyfl ƒ´””|v≥´Ó„·ˆ´” B„·ª? ˆ´©´≠˚´¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ °v·˛ Ó„{„≥´”ƒ´ ˆÊ@”ˆ´ˆ„y, ∑´vmS¨´ ºÊ∑´…˛∑„ ß∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ F„«v·˙Ê√B´¨´ ∏∑„∫ B„·{´¨„· Ù~´”ƒ´I¨„· §„·≥´”. ≥ʘ˛ P· F´. ~ʃ´”ˆ´…∆F´ÿzÊßÒ@”ƒ´~´” ‡ ˆ´©´≠¶∑´~´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ °v·˛@” ∏∑„∫ ˜·∑„ ∏~„|¨Ê¤~„:

Bhaba Atomic Research - BARC, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research ƒ´”˙´”Ú IIT, ˆ´Ìy˙´Ú¨´ Indian Statistical Insitute ƒ´”˙´”Ú Indian Institute of Geomagnetism ≥´m≥„a∑´{„· ^Ì˘¨„ ^B´ƒ´”¨ÊÓʨW, Ó„m∑´{´X~´”,

¥Ó´XFʧW, ˆ´Ìy˙ÊÚ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ›„©„≠b}∑´{´¯˘~´”ƒ´ F´vƒ´””_ ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©Ê ≥´m≥„a∑´{´©´”≠ º„X·¶≥´¯¨„. ‡ ºÊÌ ˙´”mÓÊ ƒÊtF´ˆ´ƒÊ∑´”˛Ú¨„. ˜·∑„ B„X≥´¨Ê¨´ ƒ´G˜˛ ºÊÌ∑´{´”, ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©Ê ¨´˙ÊÚmz´ ˆ„X·z´∑´{´” F´vF´m›´¨Ê¨´tm˙´ B´~´˚´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ‡ ≥´ƒ´”@”¨´¯˘ ©Êƒ´I ≥´◊¨´t ∏{´≥´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@” n∆F´”‚ ˜m¨´”ª|¨„, n∆∆F´”‚ ƒ´””m¨´” ƒ´~„@”Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„ n©´”≠ƒ´I¨´©´”≠ ˆ´”‘˙´” pm˛≥´Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. Ù¨„· ≥´m¨´¥Ó´Œ¨´¯˘ ©´ƒ´”Z zʧ„∑´{´¯˘ ∏{´ˆ„@”¯˘~´”ƒ´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„X·F´ˆ´~´w ∑´{´ º„X˙„ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”ƒ´©´”≠ F´«~´ˆ´ƒÊfl ∏{´ß ˆ„X{´ Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ ^`ƒÊ@”Œ˙„ Ù¨„. ˆ„·ƒ´Ì ˆ´FÊ¿”∑´{´¯˘ Ù¿”‚ ◊¨´X{´”, e~´§„, Ù¯∑´ª∑„ ƒ´G˙´v Ψ´Ì” ˆ„X˚´¨„ ϨÊtS|Œ∑´{´ ˆ„}∑„ ^ƒ´I ß∑´”ƒ´m˙„ ƒ´G˚´Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. Ù¨´ˆÊyfl ≥´B´…¨´≈” Õˆ´¸ˆ´~´” ˙´ƒ´”Z zÊ§Ê ≥´ƒ´”@”¨´¯˘ ∑´vmS ¨ ´ ∏{´ˆ„∑„ ≥´m∏m◊ | ߨ´ ›´¿”ƒ´Uˆ„∑´{´©´”≠ B´Ï”Zˆ„X{´ Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. ^∆ F „‚· ^Ì˘¨„ ˙´ƒ´”Z ƒ„}@”qÚˆ´ ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@” ƒ´©´”≠ ˆ´X˚´ ^ƒ´~´” Ó„{„߈„X{´ Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. Ωk>Í~´ B„X≥´ ~Ê∆°Ã·@” Õˆ´¸w `·˛@” F´vˆÊ~´ Ó„X·◊¨´©„ (Teaching) nm∏ F´‘ˆ´ÌN©„∑„ ∏¨´¯∑„ ˆ´¯ˆ„ (Learning), Ó„X·◊¨´ˆ´ / Õˆ´¸ˆ´ ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ƒ´”©„ƒ´”©„∑„ ≥´~´≥´˛@” u\”¤ ©Ê©„Xƒ„”Z. F´I≥´Úˆ´ ƒ´G~Ê¿ƒ„m¨´~„ ©´©´fl˙´”Ú B„ƒ„”Z. ≥´mº„@G¨Ê∑´ ßqy¨´ B´w ∏‘@” nmMÊfi„. ˆ´©´≠¶∑´~´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ °v·˛ Ù¨´” ¨„·ƒ´~Êfi„.

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©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

∏{´ßˆ„X{´” ƒ´ Õˆ´¸ˆ´~´” _m¶˙´ @”z´ßx@G∑´”˙ÊÚ~„. F´v≥´”Ú˙´ ^m˙´B´ Õˆ´¸ˆ´~´” n¯˘?

F´Ô~´tF´I≥´Úˆ´¨´ B„X~´fl©´ ^©´”¥Ó´ƒ´∑´{´©´”≠ B„·{´Ì” ^ƒ´‘∑„ ^ƒ´ˆÊz´ `·˚´§Êfl¨„\”·?î î “ nm∏ σ´~´∑´{´” ^¨´~´¯˘ƒ„. Ùm∑„˘m¶©´¯˘ Ù˛Ú·›„∑„ ©´˚„≥´§Ê¨´ ≥´Ï”·ˆ„¸\Xm¨´~´ F´vˆÊ~´ 83% L©´ ì `~´m˙´~´ ˆ´¯ˆ„ ƒ´””m|©´ z´˙´ƒ´G©´¨´ ^˙´tƒ´”XÌt ±ßÚ@G∑´¯¨„ nm∏”¨Êfl ˛ªß¨´~„, 72% L©´~´ F´vˆÊ~´ ƒ„}@”qÚˆ´ Ó„{´ƒ´]∑„∑„ Ù¨´” ^∑´˙´tƒÊfl~´”ƒ´I¨´‘m¨´ Ù¨´ˆÊyfl B„›´”– ≥´ƒ´”@” Ï”·≥´¯˚´Ó„·ˆ´” nm¨´” B„·ª¨Ê¤~„. Bill Kirkman ^ƒ´~´ F´vˆÊ~´ ”ºÊÛ©ÊLŒ©„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ^¨´~´ ≥´Xˆ´Ú BÊ∑´X F´‘fiʃ´”ˆÊ‘· ∏{´ˆ„ ∏¨´§Ê∑´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ≥´ƒ´GL¨´ ^˙´t∑´˙´t ^mz´. `~´m˙´~´ ˆ´¯ˆÊ ›´{´ƒ´ª, ºÊÛ©ÊLŒ©„@” F´vqv\” ƒ´””m|©´ z´˙´ƒ´G©´¨´¯˘ @”z´ß√∑„ q·¯ˆ„}.”îî L©´ ºÊÛ©ÊLŒ©„∑„ ë `·˚´”˛Ú~´”ƒ´ ƒ´”B´˙´x `Lˆ´Xy zÊ˘Jë `·@”. ^¨´~„XU‚∑„· ^ƒ´~´” ºÊÛ©´¨´ ÏÏ◊ ¨ ´ ±ˆ´~´∑´{´˙´Ú, ºÊÛ©´°·Ô ~ ´∑´{´˙´Ú, Ϩ„t ¨„X~„@””ƒ´ ÏÏ◊ ¨ ´ ˆ„¸·˙´v∑´{´˙´ÚÌX ≥´Xˆ´Ú∑´ƒ´”©´ ë `·˚´Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. zʧ„, Ïz´xϨÊtÌ@”, ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”∑´{´¯˘ ºÊÛ©´ ¨„X~„@””˙´Ú¨„ nm∏”¨´” nÌ˘~´ ©´m[ˆ„. qv·˚Ê ˆ„·m¨´v∑´{´”, ƒ´”Xtß@”m∑´{´”, Ùm¿~W ©„MW, ƒ´…˙´ÚF´˛vˆ„, ƒ´”˛Ú˙´~„ ƒ´G◊¨´tƒ´”∑´{´X ˆ´X˚´ ©´ƒ´”∑„ zʧ„@”¯˘ ˆ´¯˙´¨´¤qym˙´ B„p–©´¨´©´”≠ ˆ´¯≥´”˙´Úƒ„. ^m˙„\”· ƒÊtFÊ‘ ≥´mq·wŒ ∑´{´”, ~„}Ì”∑´{´”, ~„}Ì”ë `§Ê¤w∑´{´”, ~„≥„X‚·~Ê ∑´{´”, F´ÓW∑´{´X ˆ´X˚´. ≥ʃ´ŒL`ˆ´ e·ƒ´©´¨´ ∏B´”ƒ´””_t ^m∑´ ≥´ƒ´GL, ≥´¥Ó„, ≥´ƒ´G~´m¥Ó´∑´{´”, Ù˙Êt| ˆ´X˚´ ©´ƒ´”∑„ B´ÌƒÊ~´” Ï∆F´@”∑´{´©´”≠ ˆ´¯≥´”˙´Úƒ„. ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ ƒ´”©´≥´”√{´ ƒ´‘∑„ ≥´m˙„@G¨´~„·©´”, zʧ„@G¨´~„·©´”, ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”ƒÊ¨´~„·©´”, ^ƒ´~´” n¯˘¨´¤~´X ˆ´¯@””˙ÊÚ~„! ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ B´m∏̃´I{´ ƒ´‘∑„ nm¨„m|∑´X ≥„X·¯Ì˘! ‡ ë `~´m˙´~´ ˆ´¯ˆÊ ›´{´ƒ´ª@” ¨ ◊ „t·@”ƒÊˆ´t î “ˆ´¯ˆ„ nÌ˘ ˆ´˚„@”X ±∑´”˙´Ú¨„. @GƒÊ∑´ÌX ©Êƒ´I ˆ´¯@””˙´Ú§„· Ù~´”˙„Ú·ƒ„. ^©„·ˆ´ ƒ„·{„ ©´ƒ´”∑„ ∑„X˙„Ú· ±∑´¨´m˙„@”X ˆ´¯@””˙´Ú§„· Ù~´”˙„Ú·ƒ„.î “î (Learning is everywhere. We do it all the time,

e·ƒ´©´Ï¶· ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ F´vqv\” Õˆ´¸w ˆ„·ƒ´Ì zÊ§Ê ˆÊ§„·L”∑´{´¯˘~´”ƒ´∆F´”‚ |©´ ƒ´G˙´v ˆ´¯@””ƒ´mS¨´¨´”¤ nm∏ ¥Óʃ´©„ ƒ´G@”ƒÊfl e·ƒ´©´Ï¶· ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ F´vqv\” (Life Long Learning) nm∏”¨´©´”≠ L©´‘∑„ ƒ´”©´ƒ´‘ˆ„ ƒ´G¶ˆ„X˚´Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„. ≥ÊmF´v¨Ê≈”ˆ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ^≥ÊmF´v¨Ê≈”ˆ´ Ï◊¨Ê©´∑´ªm¨´ ‡ ˆ´¯ˆ„ ë `~´m˙´~´ L~´”∑´”˙´Ú§„· Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú Ù¨´” ^∑´˙´t ˆ´X˚´. ˆ„·ƒ´Ì ì A î ∑„v·˚W ˙„∑„¨´ ƒ´G˙´vˆ„y·, ~ÊtmˆW q‘·¿ B„X˙´Úƒ´G˙´vˆ„y· u∏»©´©´”≠ ∏”|Hƒ´m˙´ ©„m¨´” F´‘∑´]≥´Ì” ∏~´”ƒ´I|Ì˘. [v¿`≠©´ §„·∏~W ¶FÊMWŒƒ„”mMW F´vˆ´Uß~´”ƒ´ “The Learning Age - A Renaissance for a New Britain” ≥´Ï”·ˆÊ¸≥´mF´I¿¨´¯˘ e·ƒ´ƒ´G©´ F´~´tm˙´ ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ F´vqv\”@” ∏∑„∫ ≥´”|·JŒ ›´›„Œ F´v≥´”Ú˙´F´¶≥´§Êfl¨„. Õˆ´¸w ƒ´”˙´”Ú V¨„Xt·∑´ Ù§Ês„@” ~ÊLt ˆÊ@”Œ¨´ÕŒ ˚„·Ï˚W ∏˘mˆ„MW ^ƒ´~´ F´vˆÊ~´ ì øΩ©„· z´˙´ƒ´G©´ `Õ–˙´ƒÊfl@”X B„X≥´ ∏¨´§Êƒ´fi„∑´{´©´”≠, ≥´ƒÊÌ”∑´{´©´”≠ u˚´”d ƒ´m¨S ´¨´”¤. Ùm˙´B´ ≥´m¨´Ó ¥ ´Œ¨´¯˘ ©´ƒ´”Z ~´ˆ´¸fi„∑„ ∏~´”ƒ´I¨´” ˆ„·ƒ´Ì ©Êƒ´I ë `~´m˙´~´ ƒÊfl ˆ´¯@””ƒ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆ´¯˙´¨´¤©´”≠ ≥´ƒ´”¨ S ´ŒƒÊfl ∏{´ßˆ„X{´” ƒ´ ≥ʃ´”¨ S ´tŒ ƒ´G˙´v ©´ƒ´”Z©´”≠ ^¥Ó´¨´v˙„≈”m¨´ ˆÊFÊ˚´ ∏Ì˘¨´”. ©Êƒ´I ˆ„Ì≥´¨´¯˘~´”ƒÊ∑´, Ï~ʃ´”¨´¯˘~´” ƒÊ∑´, ^S¨´ƒÊ @GƒÊ∑´ Ó„·ˆ„m¨´~„ ±∑´, n¯˘ Ó„·ˆ„m¨´~„ ^¯˘ ˆ´¯@””˙´Ú§„· ≥Ê∑´Ó„·ˆÊfl¨„.î î ‡ ˆ´¯@””ψ„ ∑„X˛Ú~´”ƒ´m˙„ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ∑„X˙ÊÚ∑´¨´m˙„ ©´˚„@””˙´Ú§„· Ù~´”˙´Ú¨„. ì î ©´ƒ´”Z ©´˚´ƒ´ªˆ„@”¯˘ ƒ´”˙´”Ú ©´ƒ´”Z ≥´xÆV¨ÊH~´¨´ (Self-improvement) F´vqv\”@”¯˘ ˆÊvm˛@G¨Ê∑´, `~´m˙´~´ ∏¨´§Êƒ´fi„∑„X{´F´MÊ‚∑´ Ùm˙´B´ `~´m˙´~´ ˆ´¯ˆÊ F´vqv\” ©´©´≥Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„î , n©´”≠˙ÊÚ~„ Õˆ´¸w ƒ´”˙´”Ú V¨„Xt·∑´ Ù§Ês„@” Individual Learning Policy Team ©´ ©Ê@”ˆ´ John Seymour. ∏¨´§Êƒ´fi„∑„X{´∑Ê∑´Ó„·ˆÊ¨´ ©´˚´ƒ´ªˆ„∑´{´” ©´ƒ´”Z¯˘ ∏Ì ƒÊfl Ó„·~´”[U‚ƒ„. zʧ„∑´X Õˆ´¸wˆ´Xy ≥´m∏m◊|ߨ´m˙„ Ù¨´” ≥´˙´t. ~Ê@”§W ≥„X≥„}U ±iFW ±MW√Œ F´vˆ´Uß~´”ƒ´ “Redefining Schooling”nm∏ ›´›ÊŒ F´v∏m◊¨´ ¨´¯˘ ì î “zʧ„@”¯˘ “©„§Ê˘ ˆ´¯≥´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„X· ^¨´” Õˆ´¸w. ±¨´~„ ƒ´”ˆ´y{´” zʧ„∑„ ∏~´”ƒÊ∑´ B„X~´fl©´ ^©´”¥Ó´ƒ´ ∑´{´©´”≠ zÊ§Ê F´‘≥´~´¨„X{´∑„ ˙´~´”˙´Úƒ„. ± zʧ„@” B„X~´fl©´ ^©´”¥Ó´ƒ´∑´{´©´”≠ ≥´ƒ´”S¨´ŒƒÊfl zʧ„@” F´Ô~´t¨´ º„X˙„ ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

often without realising.)

ë `~´m˙´~´ ˆ´¯ˆÊ ›´{´ƒ´ª@” ›´›„Œ@”¯˘ ¥ÓÊ∑´ƒ´˜ß¨´ƒ´~´ ^¥[FÊv@”ƒ´©´”≠ ˜·∑„ ≥´m∑´v˜ß B„·{´∏B´”¨´” ÆÆ ˆ´¯ˆ„@” B„X≥´ ≥Ê◊ ¨ ´t˙„∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú B„X≥´ ƒ´G◊ ¨ ´tƒ´”∑´{´ ^∑´˙´t Ùm¨´” ºÊÛ©´ƒ´I n§„˘˚„≈”m¨´ B„›Ê–fl¨„. ”ºÊÛ©´ƒ´I ©´ƒ„”Z˚„∑„ B´‘¨´” ∏~´¯ ”nm∏ VF´`∆F´˙W ƒÊˆ´t Ù¯˘ F´v≥´”Ú˙´ ˆ´X˚´. `·ƒ„·©´m˛·‘ ?

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Ó ¥ ´XF´¿∑´{´”, ≥´XqÚ∑´{´”, F´vߨ´H~´ B„·ªˆ„∑´{´ ≥´m∑´vB´∑´{´” Ù˙Êt| ƒ´G˜˛ ÏF´ŸÌƒÊfl¨„. Ùƒ´I∑´{´¯˘©´ ˆ„̃´I Ï¥ÓÊ∑´∑´{´” ˆ„·ªÆB„·ªÆ˛ª (Interacive) ƒ´G¨´‘@”, ∏”|H∑„ ˆ´≥´~´˙´”Ú `·˚´”ƒ´ Ï∆F´@”∑´{Êflƒ„. ˆÊ§„·L” ϨÊtS|Œ∑´{´ BÊ∑´X ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©ÊS|Œ∑´{´ ≥´BÊ@”ˆÊyfl\”· ߨ´HÏ~´”ƒ´ Encyclopaedia Central©´¯˘ Ïz´xˆ„X·z´¨´ Ï≥ÊÚ~´˙„@””{´ ƒ´G˜˛@” ≥Ê∑´~´ƒ„·Ù¨„. ϨÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑„ @Gƒ´I¨Ê¨´~´X Ï∆F´@” ^S¨´ŒƒÊ∑´¨„· B„X·¨´¯˘ ^¨´ˆÊyfl Ï”·≥´¯~´”ƒ´ ÓʈW√©´¯˘ Ùm˙´B´ Ï∆F´@” ˆ´”‘˙´” ƒ´G˜˛ Ó„·ˆ´” nm¨´” ©´ƒ´”X|ߨ´~„ ≥ʈ´”, ≥ʈ´∆F´”‚ ƒ´G˜˛ ˆ´X˚´§„· σ´~´∑´{„Xm|∑„ F´~´¨„@” ƒ„”·§„ BÊL~Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„. ^¨´X ˆ´X˚´ ^S¨´ŒƒÊ∑´¯Ì˘ nm¨´”ˆ„Xª , ±∑´ ± Ï∆F´@” ˆ´”‘˙´m˙„ B„p–©´ ƒ´G˜˛∑Êfl Ï∆F´@” ˙´LÛ~´ ≥´ÌB„ F´˚„@””ƒ´m˙„ ≥´X›´©„ ∏~´”˙´Ú¨„ (Stumped!

Consult an expert).. ‡ ‘·˛@” ≥´ƒ´”≥„t∑´ª∑„ F´‘BÊ~´ ≥´Xp≥´§„m¨„· F´‘w˙´~´”, Ï∆F´@” ˙´LÛ~´”∑´{´” B„·~´{´ƒÊfl Ì¥Ó´tϨʤ~„ ‡ ƒ„ÓW≥„}MW©´¯˘. ˙´m¨„Æ˙Ê≈”@”‘∑„, ϨÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑„ ƒ´G˙´vƒ´Ì˘¨„ zÊ§Ê ˆÊ§„·L”∑´{´ ƒ´””_t≥´a‘∑„, Õˆ´¸ˆ´‘∑„ ‡ ƒ´G˜˛ ºÊÌ B´ÌƒÊ~´” ‘·˛@”¯˘ ≥´BÊ@” ƒ´G˚´”˛Ú¨„ .ϨÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑„ Ì¥Ó´tƒÊ∑´”ƒ´ ≥ÊyÌ~WÕFW, ° i v·ÕFW, F´vz´ßÚ∑´{´”, ≥´N¨ ◊ „Œ∑´{´”, ≥´N¨ ◊ ÊŒ˙´Zˆ´ F´‘·ˆ„¸∑´{´”, V¨„Xt·∑´ ƒ´G˜˛ Ù˙Êt|∑´{´©´”≠ ‡ ƒ´G˜˛ ºÊÌ|m¨´ F´˚„@”∏B´”¨´”. Ó ¥ ´ÏF∆ ´t e·ƒ´©´ ~´X°ßˆ„X{´” ƒ´¯˘, ƒ´tqÚ˙´x ψÊ≥´∑„Xªßˆ„X{´” ƒ´¯˘ ‡ ƒ„ÓW≥„}MW©´ ƒ´G≥´‚~W∑„}˚W ©´ƒ´”∑„ ∑„}˚W (ƒ´G∑´Œ¨´z´Œ©´) ƒ´G˚ÊÚ~´m˙„ ! ∏`≠‘, ∏{´ßˆ„X{„X ·w.

B„X·ƒ´hWƒ´ˆWŒ∑„Xm¨´” ƒ„ÓW≥„}MW ˆ´mF´«t¿~W ˆ„¸·˙´v Ï≥´Ú‘ߨ´m˙„ Õˆ´¸w ˆ„¸·˙´vˆ´Xy ˆ´mF´«t¿~W um¨´” ƒ´~´ƒÊfl ∏m|~´”ƒ´ ∏∑„∫ ‡∑Ê∑´§„· ©„X·¶¨„¤·ƒ„. Ïz´x¨Ê¨´tm˙´ Ï≥´Ú‘ß~´”ƒ´ ƒ´G˜˛ ^m˙´ºÊŒÌ (Internet) ¨´¯˘ ©´ƒ´”∑„ Ó„·ˆ„m¨´ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ Ó„·ˆ„m¨´ ˆ´¸w¨´¯˘ ˙´‘߈„Xm˚´” ∏{´ßˆ„X{´” ƒ´ ≥EÌ¥Ó´tϨ„. ‡ ≥EÌ¥Ó´t ˆ„·ƒ´Ì FEv‹˚´ ^◊¨´t©´ˆ„y ƒ´G˙´v Ï”·≥´§ÊflÌ˘ FÊvS¨´Ï”ˆ´ zʧ„≈”m¨´ ±~´m[ ¥ ß V©´≠˙´Õˆ´¸w ƒ´tƒ´≥„a@” n§Ê˘ ≥´Ú~´∑´ª∑´X Ï≥´Ú‘ߨ„. ^m˙´B´ um¨´” Ù˛Ú·p©´ V¨ÊB´~´fi„ ƒ´”ˆ´yª∑„ B„X·ƒ´hW ƒ´ˆWŒ ƒ´G˚´Ì” ≥´BÊ@”ƒ´G˚´”ƒ´ ƒ„ÓW≥„}MW www.homeworkheaven.com ‡ ƒ„ÓW ≥„}MW©´¯˘ um¨´‘m¨´ ±~´©„· ˙´~´∑´˛@” ϨÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑„ Ï”·≥´§Êfl~´”ƒ´ B„X·mƒ´ˆWŒ ≥„m¿v§W LXt`@”~W (Homework Central Junior) Ï¥ÓÊ∑´ƒ´«, ƒ´G◊¨´tÏ”ˆ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú FEv‹˚´zÊ§Ê Ï¨ÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑Êfl Ù~´”ƒ´ B„X·mƒ´ˆWŒ ≥„m¿v§W (Homework Central) ƒ´”˙´”Ú ˆÊ§„·L” ϨÊtS|Œ∑´{´ BÊ∑´X ≥´mz„X·◊¨´©ÊS|Œ∑´{´ ≥´BÊ@”ˆÊyfl\”· ߨ´HÏ~´”ƒ´ n©W≥„}ˆ„X˘°·¶@G ≥„m¿v§W (Encyclopaedia Central) nm∏ ƒ´”X~´” Ï¥ÓÊ∑´∑´ªƒ„.

B„X·mƒ´ˆWŒ ≥„m¿v§W LXt`@”~W (Homework Central Junior) Ï¥ÓÊ∑´¨´¯˘ ≥´ƒ´GLϺÊÛ©´, ƒ´G©´ƒ´zÊ≥´Ò, _∑„X·{´ÏºÊÛ©´, ÓÊBÊtm˙´‘·ˆ´¸ ›´¿”ƒ´Uˆ„∑´{´”, e·ƒ´zÊ≥´Ò, ≥´ƒ´G©´tϺÊÛ©´, B´ƒÊƒ´G©´, ¥ÓÊ∆F„, ˆ´§„∑´{´”, F´vF´m›´¨´ÏÏ◊¨´ Ó ¥ Ê∆F„∑´{´” ƒ´”˙´”Ú F´vF´m›´¨Ê¨´tm˙´ ©´˚„@””ƒ´ F´v›´¯˙´ Ϩ´tƒ´G©´∑´{´ ˆ´”‘˙ʨ´ ÏF´ŸÌ ƒ´G˜˛, F„π·M„X·∑´{´” Ì¥Ó´tσ„. ‡ n§Ê˘ ƒ´G˜˛@”©´”≠ ±flm¨Ê∑„∫ ©´Ï·ˆ´‘ß, B„X≥´ Ï∆F´@”∑´ª¨´¤~„ ≥„·‘ß F´v≥´”Ú˙´∑„Xª≥´§Ê∑´”˙´Ú¨„. ƒ´G¨◊ ´tÏ”ˆ´ ƒ´”˙´”Ú FEv‹˚´zÊ§Ê Ï¨ÊtS|Œ∑´ª∑Êfl Ù~´”ƒ´ B„X·mƒ´ˆWŒ ≥„m¿v§W (Homework Central) Ï¥ÓÊ∑´¨´¯˘ ƒ„”·§„ B„·ª~´”ƒ´ n§Ê˘ Ï∆F´@”∑´{´ ∏∑„∫ FEv‹ ˚ ´ ^¥ Ó Êt≥´ˆÊyfl Ó„·ˆÊ∑´”ƒ´ B„p–©´ σ´~´∑´ª¨´”¤ º„X˙„∑„ ˙´m˙´vºÊÛ©´, ~ÊL`·˛, FE~´`·˛ Ù˙Êt| Ï∆F´@”∑´{´” ≥„·F´Œ˚„@Gflƒ„. Ù¨´~„XU‚∑„· Ù~´”ƒ´ F´~ʃ´”z´Œ©´ Ï¥ Ó Ê∑´ ^˙´”t˙´Úƒ´”ƒ„m¨´” B„≥´~Êfl¨„. Ù¯˘ FÊv›´tƒ´≥´”Ú ≥´m∑´vBÊÌ@”, ƒ´≥´”Ú ≥´m∑´vBÊÌ@”, ∑´vmS¨ÊÌ@”, F´¨´ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, Ïz´xˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, ≥´ƒ´G©´S¨´Œˆ´ BÊ∑´X Ï~´”¨ÊHS¨´Œˆ´ F´¨´ˆ„X·z´∑´{´”, ©Ê{„@” F´I≥´Úˆ´ e-book

ˆ„X©„ B´` : fl©„≠≥W ∏”ˆW ©´¯˘©´ ¨Ê_§„∑´{´ F´vˆÊ~´ Ïz´x¨´ ^˛ ¨„X˚´d F´I≥´Úˆ´ | ≥´XF´~W ∏”ˆW. Ù¨„Xm¨´” ≥´m¨´z´Œˆ´~´ sʯ F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒÊfl¨´”¤ Ù¨´~´ ∑Ê˙´v 2.74Ï”· x 3.07 Ï”· ( 9 ^¶ x 10^¶ 2 l Ùm›´” )^{´˙„@” 252.6 ˆ„.e. (557 FEm˚´”) ˙´Xˆ´Ï¨„. 300 F´I¿∑´{´ ‡ F´I≥´Úˆ´ƒ´©´”≠ Ωk<Í~´¯˘ ^ƒ„”·‘ˆÊ¨´ ˆ„XÌ~´˚„X· ~ÊLt¨´ ˚„©Wƒ´~W©´¯˘ F´vˆ´U≥´§Ê@””Ú. `·ƒ´I Î|Ú·~´§Ê˘, ƒ´Gƒ´”XÌ” F´~Ô ´tF´I≥´Úˆ´, ^¨´~´ ≥´”ƒ´G~´” øØØ F´¿”‚ ¨„X˚´d F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ù¨´”! ΧWd qm∑W ˆ„X·§W nm∏ ƒ´”ˆ´y{´ ˆ´S¨„ ƒ´””|v˙´ƒÊfl~´”ƒ´ 1 x 1 Ï”¯Ï”·¿~W ∑Ê˙´v¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´ Ïz´x¨´ ^˙´tm˙´ pˆ´y¨Ê¨´ F´I≥´Úˆ´. [v¿`≠©´ ≥ÊÛWˆ„˘˚W©´ F„}≥„˘@” ∑„˘`≠iF´~W F„v≥W©´ƒ´~´” Ωk>D~´ ƒ´G›WŒ©´¯˘ Ù¨´~´ ˆ„·ƒ´Ì >D F´v˛∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´””|vߨ´~´”. Ù¨´~´ BÊ{„∑´{´©´”≠ ƒ´”∑´”›´Ì” `·ƒ´I ˙„{´ ©„@” ≥´Xp@”©´”≠ ∏{´≥´Ó„·ˆ´”!

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