நீங்களும் கணினியில் by Francis Maximin

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

ePq;fSk; fzpdpapy;... mUfd;.

mUfd;

Unione della Nuova Generazione

Tamil New Generation Academy “UNGA”

jkpo;g; Gjpa jiyKiwf; fiyf;$lk; arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

jkpo;nkhop %yk;

Word&Internet (gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw gw;wpa mwpKfk;.)

ePq;fSk; fzpdpapy;...

mUfd;

Unione della Nuova Generazione

Tamil New Generation Academy jkpo;g; Gjpa jiyKiwf; fiyf;$lk;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

ngaH-

2002

mUfd;

ePq;fSk; fzpdpapy;....

mr;Rg;gjpg;G :-UNGA E}y; cUthf;fk; - mUfd;. vOj;jhsH gjptpyf;fk; : 02280770351 (,j;jhyp ) Kjw;gjpg;G-2002 ngg;utup ,uz;lhk; gjpg;G-2003 xf;NlhgH ehd;fhk; gjpg;G-2004 Ie;jhk; gjpg;G-2005 Mwhk; gjpg;G-2006 A+d; Vohk; gjpg;G-2006 nrg;lk;gH vl;lhk; gjpg;G-2006 xf;NlhgH gjpd;%d;whk; gjpg;G-2010 Vg;uy; gf;fq;fs;- 104 gjpg;Gupik © UNGA (gjptpyf;fk 91138190359 ) (xUq;fpize;j Gjpa jiyKiw xd;wpak;;) ,g;Gj;jfj;jpd; vg;gFjpapidAk; UNGAapd; mDkjpapd;wp gpujp nra;jNyh my;yJ NtW ve;j tpjj;jpNyh ifahs;tNjh jilnra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. TNG009/2010 “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

cs;slq;fpapUg;git MrpAiu (mUl;je;ij Nyhwd;]; mbfs;.) vd; vz;zk; fzdp mwpKfk; nkhop ngaHg;Gr; nrhw;fs; vk; v]; x/t;gP]; nksT]; NfrH vd;uH ];Ng]; ghH vt; fP nkd;D ghH vk; v]; Ntl; vk; v]; Ntl;bd; gpujhd Njhw;wk;. jkpo; jl;lr;R &s; ghH /NghHkw;wpq; ghH ,kh[pd; &s; ghH. Nugps; &s; ghH. fzdpapy; ghtpf;Fk; gjq;fs; Fwpg;Gfs; Jizg;ghfq;fs; jl;lr;rpd; mOj;jpfs; ,d;uHnew; jkpo; vOj;J tbtq;fis fzdpapy; ,izj;jy; ,d;Dk; gy. . .

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

MrpAiu (Fr.Lawrence sdb) “vz;nzd;g Vid vOj;njd;g ,t;tpuz;Lk; fz;nzd;g thOk; capHf;F” gbf;f Ntz;ba nra;jpfs; gy ,Ue;jhYk; mbg;gilahf ,Uf;f Ntz;bait fzf;F mwpTk;> ,yf;fpa - ,yf;fz mwpTk;. Mifapdhy; me;j ,uz;Lk; kf;fSf;F ,uz;L fz;fs; vd;W nrhy;tNj kpfTk; nghUj;jkhFk;. ,e;jg; ghHitia ek; ehl;Lr; rpWtHfSf;Fj; jUk; Kaw;rpapy; <Lgl;bUf;Fk; jpU kf; ]p (mUfd;) mtHfis ehd; ghuhl;LfpNwd;. ,jd; Kjw; fl;lkhff; fzf;NfhL neUq;fpa cwT nfhz;bUf;Fk; fzpg;nghwp mwpit ek; jkpo;r; rpWtHfSf;Fj; jha; nkhop %yk; Cl;l Ntz;Lk; vd;w MHtj;jpd; cUthf;fe;jhd; “ ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;....”. njhlUk; ,e;j Kaw;rpf;F vd;Dila MrPiuAk;> tho;j;Jf;fisAk; rkHg;gpf;fpd;Nwd;. fzpg;nghwp mwptpaypy; Eioa MHtKs;s jkpo;r; rpWtHfSf;F ,e;jf; ifNaL gads;sjhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjpy; ve;jtpj IaKkpy;iy. vdNt jkpo;r; rpwhHfs; “ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;.....” vd;w ,e;jf; ifNabidg; gad;gLj;jp cq;fs; fzpg;nghwp mwpit tsHf;f md;NghL tho;j;JfpNwd;. Fr.Lawrence sdb Palermo Italy.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

vd; vz;zk; “ahk; ngw;w ,d;gk; ,t;itafKk; ngWf!” mjp Ntfkhf gutp tUk; fzdp gw;wpa mwpT G+uzkhfj; njupahtpl;lhYk;> XusTf;fhtJ xt;nthU jdp kdpjDk; mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;ba Clfk; vd;w tifapy;> kf;fs; kj;jpapy; mJgw;wpa gjl;lj;ijf; fz;Nld;. mg; gjl;lj;ijf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhz;L GJ cyfpy; elkhl ,ij cq;fs;; fuq;fspy; kfpo;r;rpNahL xg;gilf;fpNwd;. fzdpgw;wpa fw;wwpTf;F nkhop xU jilf;fy;yhf mikaf;$lhJ vd;gjw;fhfNt Kbe;jtiu jkpopy; ju Kaw;rpf;fpNwd;. ,e; j Kaw;rp ntw;wp ngw;W cq;fs; tuNtw;igg; ngw;why;> ,J Nghd;W gy fzdpgw;wpa ntspg;ghLfs; ntsptuf; fhj;jpUf;Fk; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy. fzdp gw;wpa mwpit xU Vl;bw;Fs; fl;bitj;Jtpl KbahJ; Vnddpy;> mJ Moq;fhzhf; fly;. vJ nra;ayhk; vJ nra;a KbahJ vd;gjidj; jpl;ltl;lkhfr; nrhy;yptpl KbahJ. vdpDk; ,e;j mwpKfj;ij Kjy; ghfkhf cq;fsple; jtotpLfpNwd;. ,J cq;fSf;F gaDs;sjhf mikAk; vd;W fUJfpNwd;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,r;rpW Vl;il Mf;Ftjw;F vdf;F cjtpGupe;j midj;J md;gUf;Fk; ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd; . NkYk; xU ntspaPl;by; re;jpf;Fk;tiuapy;. . . . .

mUfd;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

fzpdp mwpKfk; ,d;iwa jiy Kiwf;Fk;> Kiwf;Fk; ,d;wpaikahj ,izaj;jsj;ijf; Fwpg;gpl;lhy; nrhy;tjha;f; fUj KbahJ.

ehisa jiy xU mk;rkhf mJ kpifglr;

mg;Ngw;g;gl;l ,izaj;ijg; gad;gLj;jf; fzdp gw;wpa mwpT mj;jpahtrpakhfTs;sJ. gok; ngUk; GytUk; ,d;iwa nghOjpy; rpd;dQ;rpWth;fsplk; fzdpgw;wpa ghlj;ijf; fw;Wf;nfhs;s khzhf;fuha; khwNtz;bAs;sJ. vdpDk; ,e;jf;fzdpA+lhf ,sk;gps;isfspd; Mf;fj;jpwd; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ vd;W nrhy;tjw;fpy;iy fhuzk; thrpg;Gj;jpwd;> vOj;Jj;jpwd;> Qhgfrf;jp> Nghd;w gy tplaq;fSf;Fg; ghjfkhfj;jhd; mJ mikfpwJ. mjhtJ Kjpath;fsplk; $l;ly;> fopj;jy;> gpupj;jy;> ngUf;fy; Nghd;wtw;iwf; Nfl;lJk; gl;nld;W RakhfNt nrhy;yptpLthh;fs;. Mdhy; ,isa jiyKiwapduplq; Nfl;lhy;?...clNd (calculator) fy;Fnyw;wiuj;jhd; NjLfpd;wdh;. mJkl;Lky;y vijAk; mg;gbNa ];fhdupy; (scanner) itj;Jg; gpujp nra;J fzdp %yk; khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jp kW gpujp (print) vLf;ff;$ba trjpapUg;gjhy; vOjNtz;ba mtrpak; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,r;re;jjpapdUf;Ff; FiwthfNt ,Uf;fpwJ. NkYk; vijAk; kddQ;nra;Ak; mtrpaq;$l ,th;fSf;Ff; fpilahJ… ,g;gbNa Vuhsk; ghjpg;Gf;fis mLf;fpf; nfhz;L NghdhYk;> ,f;fzzpapd; tsh;r;rpiaNah> NjitapidNah vf;fhuzq;nfhz;Lk; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s Kbahj eph;g;ge;jj;jpw;Fs; js;sg;gl;Ltpl;lJ jw;fhy> kw;Wk; vjpHfhyr; rKfk;. vdNt mjd; xt;nthU ghfj;jpidAk; njsptha;g; Gupe;J nfhs;s Ntz;ba mtrpak; ,tHfSf;F cz;L. mg;gbg; Gupe;J nfhs;Sk; NghJjhd; mtw;iwr; rpwg;ghfTk;> njspthfTk; gad;gLj;jpg; gyd; ngwKbAk;. vdpDk; fzdp gw;wpa mwpTf;F kpf Kf;fpakhf Mq;fpy mwpTk;> Mq;fpy vOj;Jf;nfhz;l gpw nkhopfspy; VjhtJ xd;W gw;wpa mwpTk; mtrpakhfpd;wJ. fhuzk; Kd;ngy;yhk; jkpo; nkhopapy; tpirg; gyif “fP Nghh;l;” (key board) ,y;yhjnjhUGwk; ,Uf;f fzdpapd; mbj;jsk; Mq;fpyj;jpNy cs;sjhy; > mit Gupahj gl;rj;jpy; Vuhskhd rpf;fy;fSf;Fs;shf Neupl;lJ. fzdpg; gad;ghl;bw;F nkhop> gpur;rpidahf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ vd;gjw;fhfj;jhd; mjw;fhd jfty;fisj; jkpopy; Kbe;jtiuj;ju Kaw;rpf;fpd;Nwd;. fzdp gw;wpa mbg;gil mwpT Xustpw;F kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ug;gjhy; mbg;gilg; gFjpia mgfupj;J mLj;jgbf;F tUfpd;Nwd;. mjpy; xd;iwf; ftdpf;fj; jtwNtz;lhk; ,jpy; Kw;W KOjhfj; jkpopy; vOjKbahJ. fhuzk; fzdpr;nrhw;fs; midj;Jk; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Mq;fpyj;ijAk;> mijj;jOtpa kw;iwa nkhopfisAk; xl;bapUg;gjhy; tpsf;fq;fis jkpopy; jUk;NghJ mjw;fhd nrhw;fis Mq;fpyj;jpy; gad;gLj;JtNj gof;fj;jpw;Fg; gaDs;sJ vd;gJ vdJ fUj;J.

nkhop ngaHg;Gr; nrhw;fs; Kjypy; fzdpapy; gad; gLj;Jk; Kf;fpa nrhw;fSf;fhd jkpo;r;nrhy;iyf; fhz;Nghk;. 1. Bold

jbg;ghd

Grassetto

2. Bullets

nghl;Lf;fs;

Punti

3. Buttons

mOj;jpfs;

Tasti

4. Cancel

ePf;F

Annulla

5. Capacity

nfhs;ssT

Capacità

6. Center

kj;jpkk;

Centro/Centrare

7. Change

khw;W

Cambia

8. Character

vOj;Jf;fs;

Carattere

9. Clear

Jil

Pulire

10. Clik

mOj;J

Clicca

11. Colour

th;zk;

Colore

12. Type

mOj;J

Digitare

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

13. Column

epuy; Colonna

14. Copy

efy;

Copia

15. Create

cUthf;F

Crea

16. Current

gad;gLJk;

Corrente

17. Cursor

epiyf; fhl;b

18. Cut

ntl;L

Taglia

19. Delete

mop

Elimina

20. Display

fhl;rp

Schermo

21. Save

gjpj;jy;

Salva

22. Set-up

tbtikg;G

Imposta

23. Double

,ul;il

Doppio

24. Erase

mop> Jil

Cancella

25. File

Nfhg;G

File (archivio)

26. Find

NjL> fz;L gpb Trova/Cerca

27. Help

cjtp

Guida/aiuto

28. Hide

kiw

Nascondi

29. Horizontal

fpilahf

Orizzontale

30. Vertical

nrq;Fj;jhf

Verticale

31. Icon

rpd;dk;

Icona

“UNGA”

Indicatore/cursore

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

32. Insert

nrUF

Inserisci

33. Edit

jpUj;Jjy;

Modifica

34. View

Njhw;wk;

Visualizza

35. Format

tbtikg;G

Formato

36. Table

ml;ltiz

Tabella

37. Options

tpUg;gq;fs;

38. Page

gf;fk;

Pagina

39. Past

xl;L

Incolla

40. Print

gpujpnra;

Stampa

41. Print review

gpujpiag; ghH

Anteprima

42. Window

rhusk;> [d;dy; Finestra

43. New

GjpJ

Nuovo

44. Open

jpw

Apri

45. Save as

khw;Wg;ngaupy;gjp Salva con nome

46. Undo

nra;jijj; jtph;

47.

Redo

kPnsLj;jy;

48. Spell check ortografico

jpUj;J

49. Drawing

tiuG

“UNGA”

Strumenti/opzioni

Annulla,digitazione

Ripristina ,digitazione

Controllo Disegno arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

50. Picture

glk;

Immagine

51. Stile

tbtk;

Stile

52. Size

msT

Dimensione

53. Italic/cursive

rha;ntOj;J

Corsivo

54. Underline

fPo;f;Nfhbly;

Sottolineato

55. Close

Chiudi

56. Exit

ntspNaW

Esci

57. Enter

Invio/avvia

…,d;Dk; gyTs;sd mit gof;fj;jpy; tUk;NghJ jhdhfNt mwpe;Jzuf; $bad.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Ms office Ms officey; gyepfo;r;rpj; njhFg;Gf;fs; mlq;fpapUf;fpd;wd. mtw;wpy; ikf;Nwh nrh/g;w; Ntl; vd;Dk; mq;fk; gytopfspy; md;whl fzdpg;ghtidf;F ,yFthfTk;> mj;jpahtrpakhfTk; mikfpd;wJ. vdNt mtw;iwf; fw;gjpy; ,Ue;J Vida tpguq;fisAk; ,yFtpy; Gupe;J nfhs;sr;nra;ayhk;. vdNt> Kjypy; mjidapaf;FtJ> mjd;gad;ghL> rpwg;gk;rq;fs;> vd;gtw;iwg; Gupe;J ,yFtpy;fw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; tifapy; ,J mikf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ vd;gJ Iakpy;iy. fzdpapd; ,af;fj;jpw;fhd kpd;njhlHgpd; gpd;dh; mjid Xz; (on) nra;aNtz;Lk;. Xz; nra;ag;gl;l fzdpapd; (monitor) jpiu jd;G+uz nraw;ghl;ilf; fhl;Ltjw;F rw;Wg; nghWj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;; fhuzk;> jdf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; Gnuhf;fpuhk;fisr; rPh;g;gLj;jpa gpd;dNu jpiuapy; ehk; nraw;gLtjw;fhd NfHrH (cursor) (Muk;gj;jpy; mk;Gf;FwpNah my;yJ NtW mikf;fg;gl;l tbtpNyh) Njhd;Wk;. Mouse - nksT]; vkJ nraw;ghl;il ,yFgLj;Jtjw;F vyp Nghd;w xU fUtpiag; gad;gLj;JNthk;. mij nksT]; vd;W miog;Nghk;. ,jpy; gytbtq;fs; jw;NghJ re;ijf;F te;Js;sd. ,jpy; ,uz;Lf;F Nkw;gl;l mOj;jpfs; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

ngUk;ghYk; fhzg;gLk; NkYk; ,jw;fhd tpsf;fj;ij njhlUk; gFjpfspy; ,Ue;J Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;. Cursor - NfHrH ikf;Nwhnrhg;w; Gnuhf;fpwhkpw;Fs; NghdJk; epiyf; Fj;jhf -xd;W- Nghd;w rpwpa tbtk; te;J te;J Ngha;f; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. mJ vq;F epw;fpwNjh me;j ,lj;jpy; vOj;Jf;fis iug;nra;a KbAk; jpwe;Js;s gf;fj;jpy; vkf;F Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; iug; nra;J nfhs;syhk;. mjw;F nksrpd; ,lJgf;f (button) mOj;jpia ,uz;L jlit tpiuthf mOj;Jtjd; %yk; vkJ njupit cUthf;fpf; nfhs;syhk;. Enter - vd;uH ,Japuz;L gpujhd gad;gLfpwJ:  xd;W Nfriu tUtjw;F.

nraw;ghl;Lf;F mLj;j

Kf;fpakhfr;

tupf;Ff;

nfhz;L

 ,uz;lhtJ ehk; gpuNahfpj;jjid Xf;Nf gz;Ztjw;F. ,J xU gpujhdkhd fl;il nksTrpy; ,lJ gf;fj;J mOj;jpiag; Nghy; ,J nraw;gLk; vdpDk; nksTrpy; ,uz;L jlit mOj;j Ntz;ba rpytw;wpw;F “vd;uiw” xUKiw mOj;jpaTld; gyidg; ngwyhk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

gpd;Nehf;fp ,le;jUtJ- Back Space NfrH epw;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F ,lJ Gwkhf ,Uf;Fk; vOj;jpid mopg;gjw;F ,jidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. ,J fP NghHl;by; ,d;tpNahtpw;F Nky;> ,lJ gf;fk; Nehf;fpf; fhl;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; mk;Gf;Fwp cs;s fl;il. ,ilntspf;fl;il- Space bar nrhw;fSf;fpilapy;; ,ilntspfis Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F ,jidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. njhopw;ghl;Lf; fUtp function key fP NghHl;by; Mq;fpy vOj;J v/t; “f” cld; ,ize;j ,yf;fq;fisf; nfhz;l mOj;jpfs;> ,it Jupj nraw;ghl;bw;fhd fUtpfs;. ,J xt;nthU GNwhf;fpwhKf;Fk; xt;nthU khjpupr; nraw;gLk;. gpujhdjpiu- Jizj;jpiu main- sub menu vq;fs; nraw;ghl;ilj; Jupjg; gLj;Jtjw;F Jiznra;Ak; gy fl;lisfisf; nfhz;L ntspg;gLk; jpiufs; MFk;. ,tw;iw %Ltjw;F mj;jpiuapd; tyJ Gwj;jpy; Nky;g; gFjpapy; mikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; vf;]; (X) Nghd;Ws;s milahsj;ij nksT]; fUtpapd; ,lJ gf;f mOj;jpahy; xUKiw mOj;Jtjd; %yk; ntspNaw;wptplyhk;. (%bf;nfhs;syhk;)

Ms Word ikf;Nwhnrh/g;w; Ntl;ilg; gad;gLj;j Muk;gpf;fpd;Nwhk; vdpy;> fzdpapd; kpd; njhlHgpidf; nfhLj;Jtpl;L> Muk;gpg;gjw;fhd gl;Liz mOj;j “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Ntz;Lk; (Njitg;gl;lhy; nkhzpw;uiuAk;) mOj;jpaJk; tpd;Nlh]; (rhusk;) vd;Dk; gpujhd Muk;g epiy fhzg;gLk;. mjpy; ePyf;fyupy; (w) vd;w milahsj;Jld; Microsoft Word vd;W vOjg;gl;l If;Nfhd; (icon) Njhd;wpapUf;Fk;. mij nksT]pd; %yk; - ,lJ gf;f mOj;jpahy; ,uz;L jlit Jupjkhf mOj;Jtjd; %yk; Microsoft Word vd;Dk; gFjpf;Fl;nry;y KbAk;. my;yJ kT]pd; %yk; xUKiw njupT nra;jgpd;dH tpirg;gyifapy; cs;s vd;uH (invio) vd;w fl;ilia xUKiw mOj;Jtjd; %yKk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. xUNtis gpujhd jpiuapy; icon tbtpy; Microsoft Word ,y;iy vdpy; ,d;ndhU Kiw%yKk; cl;nry;yyhk; mjhtJ gpujhd jpiuapy; start vd;Dk; fl;il nkhzpw;uupd; (tv) ,lJ gf;f fPo; %iyapy; fhzg;gLk;. mij mouse %yk; ,lJ gf;fmOj;jpahy; xU Kiw mOj;Jtjd; %yk; mq;F Njhd;Wk; jpiuapy; gy epfo;r;rpj; njhFg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gLk ; mjpy; GNwhf;fpwhk;kh ( programma) vd;Dk; njhFg;ig njhpT nra;jhy;> mjw;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; epfo;r;rpj; njhFg;ig ntspf;fhl;Lk;. mjpy; Microsoft Word vd;Dk; gFjpfhzg;gLk; mijj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; Microsoft Wordw;Fs; EioaKbAk;. Microsoft Wordw;Fs; Eioe;jJk; mJ jd;Dila gpujhd jpiuia ntspf;fhl;Lk; mij glj;jpd; %yk; jUfpNwhk;. (glk; 01) “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

vdpDk; glj;jpy; gy Jiz kDf;fis ehk; ntspapy; fhl;bAs;Nshk;. mit cq;fs; Njitf;F Vw;gj; njupT nra;J ntspapy; nfhz;Ltu trjpahdit Njitaw;wnjdpd; kiwj;J tplf; $bad vd;gjidf; fUj;jpw; nfhs;f> Jiz kDf;fspy; nra;ag;glf;$bait kD ghwpy; ,Ue;Jk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. fzdp Jupj nraw;ghl;Lf;fhf ,it ntspf;fhl;lg; gl;Ls;sd.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

glj;jpw;fhd tpsf;fk; fPNo njhlHfpwJ. glj;jpw;fhd tpsf;fk; njhlHfpwJ… Title bar – barra dei titoli jiyg;Gj; jpiu (jpiuapd; Nky; gFjpapy; jbg;ghd tHzj;jpy; njuptJ). Menu bar –barra dei menu tpguj;jpiu (file, Modifica, Nghd;w jftYld; njupAk; ,uz;lhtJ NkypUe;J njupAk; jpiu). Formating toolbar – Formattazione tbtikg;Gj;jpiu (vOj;J tbtq;fs; kw;Wk; mjd; msT> jbg;ngOj;J> rha;ntOj;J Nghd;w jftiy mlf;fpa Jizj; jpiu) Standard toolbar – standard epHkhzpf;ftpUf;Fk; nraw;ghLgw;wpa jpiu (ntl;Ljy; xl;Ljy;> jpwj;jy;> gpujp nra;jy;> gjpj;jy; Nghd;w jftiy cs;slf;fpa Jizj; jpiu). Ruler NfrH epw;f Ntz;ba ,lj;ijj; njupe;J nfhs;tjDhlhf vkf;F Ntz;ba mstpw;F khw;wpAk; mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. (jpiuapy; msTNfhy; fhl;Lk; ,yf;fq;fs; cs;s gFjp). Minimize button – riduci a icona rpWg;gpf;Fk; mOj;jp ,jid mOj;Jtjd; %yk; jpiuapd; mbapy; jw;fhypfkhfr; RUf;fp itj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. (jpiuapd; Nky; %iyapy; tyJ Gwj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; fopj; jy; milahsj;ijf; fhl;Lk; mOj;jp). “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Minimize/ restore button – ripristino in basso RUf;fpf; kPl;L nfhs;sf; $ba mOj;jp (Njitf;F Vw;gj; jpiuapd; ePs> mfy msTfisf; Fiwj;Jf; $l;bf; nfhs;syhk;. ,J tyJ Gwj;jpy; ,uz;L ngl;bfs; xd;Wld; xd;W ,iztjw;Fj;jahuhtJ Nghy; fhzg;gLk;). Close button - chiudi %Ltjw;Fg; gad;gLj;Jk; mOj;jp jpiuapy; Njhd;Wk; xU Gnuhf;fpuhik jpiuapy; ,Ue;J Kw;whf mfw;wptplyhk;. (,J jpiuapd; Nky; %iyapy; tyJ Gwj;jpy; ,Ug;gJ). Privious page button – pagina presedente gf;fj;jpf;Fr; nry;yf; $ba mOj;jp.

Kjy;

Select browse object button – seleziona oggetto da sfogliare Njbf;nfhs;sf; $ba nghUl;fs; gw;wpa mOj;jp. Next page button – pagina successiva gf;fj;jpw;Fr; nry;tjw;fhd mOj;jp.

mLj;j

Vertical scroll bar - nrq;Fj;jha; cUsf;$ba jpiu. Horizontal scrollbar - fpilaha; cUsf;$ba jpiu. Normal view button – visualizzione normale rhjhuz jpiuia Vw;gLj;jf;$ba mOj;jp. Web layout button - visualizzione layout web ntg;jsj;jpw;fhd gf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jf; $ba mOj;jp.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Print layout button - visualizzione layout stampa gpujpvLf;ff; $baijg; ghHf;ff; $bajpiuia ntspg;gLj;Jk; mOj;jp. Outline view button - visualizzione struttura Gwf; Nfhl;bidf;fhl;lf; $ba jpiuia ntspg;gLj;Jk; mOj;jp. Status bar jpiu.

jpiuapy; elg;gijg; gpujpgypf;Fk;

xt;nthU epfo;r;rpj;njhFg;Gk; ntt;NtW nraw;ghl;bw;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngw;wpUf;Fk; ,Ue;jhYk; ,j;jifa tbtikg;Gf;fs; xt;nthd;wpYk; mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLk;. ve;j nkhopapy; fzdpapd; mbg;gil fhzg;gl;lhYk; FwpaPLfs; midj;Jk; xNukhjpupahditNa> vdNt nkhopapidf; fUjp fzdpgw;wpa mwptpy; gpd;jq;fpj;jaq;fj; Njitapy;iy; jha;nkhopapy; ed;F Gupe;J nfhz;lhy; mjd;kPJs;s mr;rk; Fiwe;J mwptpid nkd;NkYk; tsHj;Jf; nfhs;syhk; vd;gJ vkJ mgpg;gpuhak;. ,dp Ntl;gad;gLj;Jtjw;F FWfpa topapy; Jiz(Bar)ghHgw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;s Kay;Nthkh?...

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Menu Bar-Barra dei menu

,J xU Kf;fpakhd> gpujhdkhd Bar MFk; midj;Jg; Gnuhf;fpuhkpYk; ,J fhzg;gLk;. JizghHfs; ,jw;Fs; mlf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,jw;Fs; fhzg;gLk; jftypy; rpytw;iwr; RUf;fkhfj; jUfpNwhk;. File - Nfhg;G 1. ,e;jg; gFjpf;Fs; Gjpa gf;fj;ijj; jpwg;gjw;fhd fl;il 2. Vw;fdNt jpwe;J Nrkpj;J itj;jtw;iw kPs vLg;gjw;fhd fl;il 3. eilKiwg; gf;fj;ijg; gjpT nra;tjw;fhd fl;il 4. NtW ngaupy; gjpT nra;jYf;fhd fl;il 5. filrpahfj; jpwe;J ghHitapl;l gf;fq;fspy; rpy (khw;wj;jpw;Fupad) 6. gpujp vLg;gjw;F Kd; ghh;itapLk; fl;il 7. gpujp nra;tjw;fhd fl;il 8. gf;fq;fspd; msTj;jpl;lq;fisj; njupT nra;jy; 9. ,izaj;jsg; gf;fj;ij njupTnra;Aq; fl;il 10. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs; mlq;fpapUf;Fk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Modifica - Edit - jpUj;Jjy; 1. Njitahdtw;iw gpujp nra;tjw;fhd fl;il (ctrl+ c) 2. Njitaw;wtw;iw ntl;btpLtjw;fhd fl;il (ctrl+ x) 3. gpujp nra;jtw;iw kPsg; gpujpnra;a xl;Ltjw;fhd fl;il (ctrl +v) 4. filrpahfr; nra;j nraiy jtpHg;gjw;fhd fl;il (ctrl+z) 5. jtpHj;j nraiy kPsTk; kPl;Lf; nfhs;sf;$ba fl;il (ctrl +y) 6. gf;fk; KOtijAk; njupT nra;tjw;fhd fl;il 7. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Visualizza – View - Njhw;wk; 1. Normal view button rhjhuz jpiuia Vw;gLj;jf;$ba mOj;jp 2. Web layout button ntg;jsj;jpw;fhd gf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jf; $ba mOj;jp 3. Print layout button gpujp vLf;ff; $baijg; ghHf;ff; $bajpiuia ntspg;gLj;Jk; mOj;jp “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

4. Jiz kDf;fisj; njupT nra;tjw;fhd fl;lis 5. Outline view button Gwf; Nfhl;bidf;fhl;lf; $ba jpiuia ntspg;gLj;Jk; mOj;jp 6. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Inserisci – Insert - nrUFjy; 1. gf;fq;fSf;F ,yf;fkply; 2. jtWfisf; Fwpj;J itg;gjw;fhd fl;lis 3. gf;fq;fSf;Ff; fl;lis 4. jiyg;Gg; fl;lis

Fwpg;G

ngl;bfis

vOJtjw;fhd cUthf;ff;

$ba

5. ghtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; gf;fj;jpy; gad;gLj;jpa Nfhg;ig ,ilr;nrUfy;

Kd;G

6. NtW epfo;r;rpj;njhFg;ig fl;lis

cUthf;Fk;

7. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Formato – Format - tbtikg;G 1. vOj;J tbtq;fis njupT khw;wf; $ba Jiz jpiu 2. ge;jpfisj; njupT nra;J mikf;ff; $ba Jizj; jpiu “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy; 2002 mUfd; 3. Gs;spfs;> ,yf;fq;fs; ,d;Dk; Ntz;ba Kiwapy; xOq;fikg;G Kiwfisj; njupT nra;tjw;fhd Jizj; jpiu. 4. gad; gLj;Jk; gf;fj;jpd; gpd; gFjpf;F tHzq;fisj; njupT nra;af;$ba mOj;jp 5. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Strumenti – Options - tpUg;gq;fs; 1. ,yf;fzj; jpUj;jq;fs; 2. nkhop khw;wq;fs; 3. ghtpf;Fk; gf;fj;jpd; tpguq;fs; (nrhw;fs;> gf;fq;fs;> ge;jpfs; . . .) 4. Jiz kDf;fisj; njupT nra;tjw;fhd jfty; 5. kd tpUg;gq;fisj; njupAk; Jiz kD 6. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd Tabella – Table - ml;ltiz 1. NfhLfisAk; tiuGfisAk; tiutjw;fhd Jiz mOj;jp 2. epuy;fis (column) mikg;gjw;fhd mOj;jp 3. mikj;j epuy;fis mlq;fpa mOj;jp

mjpfupg;gjw;fhd

jfty;

4. mikj;j epuy;fis mopg;gjw;fhd mOj;jp “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

5. epuy;fis ,ilr; nrUfYf;fhd mOj;jp 6. fl;lis %yk; kdtpUg;gq;fisj; njupT nra;J xOq;fikg;Gr; nra;af; $ba trjp 7. Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Finestra – Window - rhsuk; 1) 2) 3) 4)

Gjpa [d;diy cUthf;Ftjw;fhd mOj;jp ,izg;G [d;diy mikg;gjw;fhd mOj;jp filrpahf ghHitapl;l gf;fj;jiyg;G Nghd;w ,d;Dk; gy fl;ilfs; cs;sd

Guida- help - cjtp1) vkf;Fj; Njitahd jftypd; re;Njfq;fSf;fhd tpsf;fq;fs; ,q;Nf mikf;fg; gl;bUf;Fk; 2) ehk; njupT nra;Ak; jftYf;fhd tpsf;fj;ijj; Njbj;juf; $ba mOj;jpAk; mlq;fpapUf;Fk;.

fzdpA+lhfj; jkpo; vOj;Jf;fisg; gpujpnra;Ak; Kiw. ,d;W cyfshtpa uPjpapy; jkpo; ,izaj;jpDhlhf tyk;te;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. MapDk; fzdpapy; jkpo; vOj;Jf;fis iug;nra;tjw;fhd jl;lr;R midtH kj;jpapYk; ,d;dKk; ntsptuhjjhy; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

(mbg;gilmikg;G) Mq;fpyj; jl;lr;#lhf jkpiog;gpuNahfpf;Fk; KiwiaNa ,d;Wk; ehk; gad;gLj;Jfpd;Nwhk;. vdNt> Mq;fpyj; jl;lr;#lhf jkpiog; gpujpnra;Ak; KiwapidAk; ehk; epidtpy; itf;f Ntz;ba mtrpaKz;L. xUrpy ,izaj;jsq;fs; “mKjk;” vOj;J tbtj;ijAk; NtW rpy ,izaj;jsq;fs; “uhrpfg;gpupah”> “ghkpdp” Nghd;w vOj;Jf;fisAk; gad; gLj;Jfpd;wd. ,q;Nf ehk; “ghkpdp” vOj;Jf;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwapid fPNo fhl;bAs;Nshk;. rhjhuzkhf tpirg;gyifapy; (fPNghl;) ,Uf;Fk; vOj;Jf;fs; Mq;fpy vOj;Jf;fs;> fhl;lg;gLk; gf;fj;jpy; mike;Js;sd. rhjhuzkhf vOjf;$ba jkpo;vOj;Jf;fs; fPo; tupapYk; “rpt;g;w;” (shift) cld; nfhLj;Jg; ngw Ntz;ba vOj;Jf;fs; Nky; tupapYk; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gjid epidtpy; nfhs;f.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,d;ndhU Kiwapy; njspTgLj;JfpNwhk;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mLj;J vkJ fzdpA+lhd nraw;ghl;ilj; Jupjkhfr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F tool bar gw;wpa tpsf;fk; mtrpakhfpwJ. Njitf;F kpfKf;fpakhdtw;iw ,q;Nf Mq;fpyj;jpYk; jkpopYk; juKaw;rpf;fpd;Nwhk;. mJ cq;fSf;F kpfg; gaDs;sjhFk; vd;W fUJfpd;Nwhk;. Tool bar

(glk;-03)

Fwpg;G:fzdpapy; xU nraw;ghl;bw;Fg; gy topfs; cz;L vd;gjid kwf;f Ntz;lhk;. xU Fwpg;gpl;l nraw;ghl;bw;F xNu topjhd; vd;gJ fzdpapy; fpilahJ.

,J Gjpa gf;fj;jpidj; njupT nra;tjw;fhd fl;lisahFk; vypf;fUtp%yk; (nksT];) mjd; ,lJ gf;f mOj;jpiag; gpuNahfpj;J> fl;lisj; jpiuapy; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s ntw;Wj; jhs; tbthd fl;lisapid xUKiw mOj;Jtjd; %yk; Gjpa gf;fj;jpidj; jpwe;J nfhs;syhk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

my;yJ nkDghupy; (menu bar-file-new-ok ) /igy; vd;Dk; fl;lisf;Fs; fhzg;gLk; new vd;w fl;lis%yKk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

,J Vw;fdNt gpujp nra;J gjpe;J itj;Js;s Nfhg;Gfis (/igy;) kPz;Lk; jpwg;gjw;fhd fl;lisahFk;. ,jid njupT nra;jhy; njupatUk; Jizj; jpiuapy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,lj;ijAk; ve;jg; ngaupy; Nrkpj;J itj;Js;sPHfNsh me;jg; ngaiuAk; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; jpUk;gg; ngw;W> Ntz;ba khw;wq;fisNah my;yJ NtW nraw;ghl;ilNah Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk.; vdpDk; passwordilf; nfhLj;J Nrkpj;jpUe;jhy; kPz;Lk; mNj gh];Ntl;ilf; nfhLj;Jj;jhd; kPz;Lk; gad;gLj;j KbAk; mjpy; read only vd;Wk; ,izj;Jf; nfhLj;jpUe;jhy; mjpy; NkYk; khw;wq;fisr; nra;tJ fbdk;. mjw;F mtw;iw NtW ngaUf;F khw;wp> khw;wq;fisr; nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;gjid epidtpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,J ehk; jf;f Kiwapy; vOjp Kbj;J tpl;lJk; mjd; gpujpia vkf;F Ntz;ba jhspy; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;Fg; gad; gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; fl;lisahFk;. ,jw;Fk; kdtpUg;gf; fl;lisapidj; Njhw;Wtpj;J Ntz;ba Kiwapy; gpujpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk; VfgpujpNah my;yJ Nkyjpf gpujpNah vkf;Fj; Njit vd;gjidj; njupT nra;J vkJ Ntiyg; gOf;fis Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;.

,J> ehk; fzdpA+lhfj; jahH nra;j gFjpia gpujp nra;jhy; vt;thW mikAk; vd;gjid Kd;$l;bNa ghHj;Jj; jpUg;jp nra;J nfhs;tjw;F VJthf mike;Js;sJ. ,jpy; njuptJ NghyNt gpwpd;u&lhfg; gpujp ntspg;gLk;. vdNt ,jpy; ghHj;Jg; gpd; gpujp vLg;gJjhd; rhyr; rpwe;jJ. msTfis khw;wpf; $lghHitapl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;. NkYk; ,jD}lhfr; nrd;Wk; gpujpiag; gpwpd;w; nra;J nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,J rhjhuzkhf rpW gps;isaplk; Nfl;lhYk; fj;jupf; Nfhy; vd;W nrhy;yptpLk; ,y;iyah? ,J$l vkJ nraw;ghl;il tpiuT gLj;j cjTfpwJ. xU jftiy xU ,lj;jpy; vOJtjw;Fg; gjpyhf ,d;NdhH ,lj;jpy; vOjptpl;Nlhk; vd;W itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;> mjw;fha; vOjpa mt;tsitAk; mopf;f Ntz;ba mtrpak; ,y;iy ,e;jf; fl;lis %yk; ntl;b Njitahd ,lj;jpy; gpujp nra;J nfhs;syhk;. ,jD}lhf ntl;Lk; xU jftiy kWKiw ntl;Lk; tiuapy; my;yJ nfhg;gp nra;tjw;fhd fl;lisiaj; njupT nra;Ak; tiuapy; epidtpy; itj;jpUf;Fk;. mJtiuapy; vj;jid jlit Ntz;LkhdhYk; kPs;gpujp nra;J nfhz;bUf;fyhk;.

Nky; Fwpg;gpl;l fj;jupf; Nfhiyg;Nghy; ,J nraw;glf; $baJ. ,Ue;jhYk; ,J xd;iwg; Nghy; ,d;ndhd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;Fg; gad; gLj;jyhk; glkhf ,Ue;jhYk; rup ge;jpahf ,Ue;jhYk; rup ,jd; %yk; tpiuthf kWgpujpfs; gytw;iw mikj;J tplyhk;. NkNy fhl;baJNghy;> fj;jupf; Nfhyhy; ntl;b vLf;fj; Njitapy;iynadpd; ,jd; %yk; gy gpujpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,uz;L jlit tpiuthf ,e;j fl;ilapid mOj;jp mjp$ba jftiy (12) epidtpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;sr; nra;ayhk;. xU ge;jpia kPs; gpujp nra;a Ntz;Lk; vdpy; Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpia “nksTrpd;” ,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tz;zk; NkypUe;J fPo; Nehf;fp Ntz;ba gFjp tiu tuTk;. gpd;dH mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tpuiy mfw;wptpl;L> Nkw; Fwpg;gpl;l (Njitf;F Vw;g) mOj;jpiag; gpuNahfpj;Jg; gpd;dH Njitahd ,lj;jpy; nksTrhy; fpspf; nra;J mq;Nf xl;bf; nfhs;Sk; gb ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;.

fj;jupf;Nfhy;> kw;Wk; khjpupg; gpujp Nghd;w fl;lisfSf;F ,d;wpaikahj xU fUtp ,Jjhd;. mjhtJ> ntl;ba gFjpiaNah my;yJ> nfhg;gp nra;j gFjpiaNah kPz;Lk; gpujp nra;tjw;F ,e;jf; fl;ilapid mOj;Jtjd; %yNk gyidg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. fj;jupj;j nghUisNah gpuNahfpj;j nghUisNah jpwd; ,jdplNk cs;sJ. ,tw;iwg; ftdpg;Nghkh?... “UNGA”

my;yJ gpujpf;fhfg; epidtpy;itj;jpUf;Fk;

gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwapidf; Kjypy; Ntz;ba gFjpapd; arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Muk;gj;jpy; vypf;fUtpapd; (mouse) ,lJ Gw mOj;jpia mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tz;zNk fPo; Nehf;fp Ntz;ba gFjp tiu tuTk;. gpd;dH mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tpuiy mfw;wptpl;L> Nkw; Fwpg;gpl;l (Njitf;F Vw;g) fj;jupf; NfhiyNah my;yJ nfhg;gp nra;Ak; mOj;jpiaNah gpuNahfpj;Jg; gpd;dH Njitahd ,lj;jpy; nksTrhy; fpspf; nra;jhy; mq;Nf xl;bf;nfhs;Sk;. ,e;j milahsj;ij mOj;jp Njitahdtw;iwg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. ,e;jf; fl;ilapidg; gad;gLj;jp gy tplaj;ij epidtpy; itj;Jf;nfhs;sf; $ba trjpAz;L mjpYk; glq;fisr; rpwg;ghf itj;jpUf;Fk;e; jd;ikAk; ,jw;F cz;L.

,e;j mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp njhlHr;rpahf ehk; nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nraw;ghl;by; ,Ue;J mjw;F Ke;jpa epiyf;Fj; jpUk;g KbAk;. mjhtJ> fj;jupf; Nfhypdhy; VNjh xU gFjpiaf; fj;jupj;J tpl;Nlhk; vd;W itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk; MapDk; mJ jtWjyhd nraw;ghlhfp tpl;lJ vd;why; ,e;j mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ntl;Ltjw;F Kd;Ds;s epiyf;Fr; nrd;W tplyhk;. mNjNghy; VNjh xU ge;jpia milahskpl;L mopj;J tpl;BHfs; vd;W “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. mopf;fg; gl;l gFjpia kPl;Lf; nfhs;tjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s ,e;j mOj;jpiaf; ifahsyhk;. ,jpy; xd;iw Qhgfj;jpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; Kd; nrd;w gbKiwapd; gbNa gpd;Ndhf;fpAk; kPl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;. ,ilapy; VJk; jtWjy; khw;w Ntz;Lnkdpy; ,jw;fUfhikapy; Njhw;Wtpf;ff; $ba jpiuapy; ,Ue;J njupT nra;J kPl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;.

,e;j mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp njhlHr;rpahf ehk; mopj;Jf; nfhz;L Nghd nraw;ghLfis mjhtJ> undo %yk; gpd;Ndhf;fp kPl;Lf; nfhz;ltw;iw kPz;Lk; Kd;Ndhf;fpf; nfhz;Ltuf; $ba tha;g;ig Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. mjhtJ jtWjy; vd;W mopf;fg;gl;l nraiy kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s (nra;jij tpL) undo itg; gad; gLj;jpaJ Nghy> mNj nraw;ghL rupahdNj vd;W fUJkplj;J kPz;Lk; nra;jijr; nra;tjw;Fj; (redo) njhlUk; mOj;jpNa ,JthFk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,e;j mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp vkf;Fj; Njitahd nrhw;fisj; Njbf; nfhs;syhk;. cjhuzkhf ePq;fs; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; gFjpapy; flTs; vd;w nrhy;iyj; Njl Ntz;Lk; vd;W fUjpdhy; ,jidg;gad;gLj;jp tpiuthf me;jf; Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W Njitahd khw;wj;ijNah my;yJ Ntz;ba ,ilr; nrUfiyNah Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.

,e;j mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ehk; eilKiwapy; ghtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; gFjpapy; vOj;Jg; gpiofs; nrhw; jtWfs; vd;gtw;iw ,dq;fz;L jpUj;jpf; nfhs;s tha;g;G ,Uf;fpwJ. vdpDk; jkpo; vOj;Jf;fis jkpo;r; nrh/g;wn ; taiuj; (Software) (cjhuzk; fk;gd; nrhg;wn ; taH) jtpHj;j epfo;r;rpj; njhFg;gpy; jhdhfj;jpUj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; jd;ik FiwthfNt cs;sJ vdpDk; kW guprPyid nra;tjw;F cjTk; tifapy; mikf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

ml;ltizfisg; GFj;jpr; rpy Ntiyfisr; nra;a Ntz;b Vw;gLk; NghJ ,e;j mOj;jp ngupJk; cjTfpwJ. ,jpy; vkf;F Ntz;ba ngl;bfisNah> fl;lq;fisNah njupT nra;J nraw;ghl;ilr; rpwg;Gld; mikf;fyhk;. njupT nra;J cUthf;fpa ml;ltizfis Fiwf;fNth> my;yJ $l;b mikf;fNth epfo;r;rpj; njhFg;G ,lkspf;fpwJ.

iug;nrw; %yk; ge;jpfisr; rPH nra;a KbAk; ,Ue;Jk; Jupj nraw;ghl;bw;F ,e;j mOj;jp gad;gLfpd;wJ. ,lJ gf;fj;jpw;F ge;jpia xOq;F gLj;Jtjw;F ,jidg; gad; gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.

Nky; Fwpg;gpl;lJ NghyNt iug; nrw; ge;jpfisr; rPH nra;a KbAk; ,Ue;Jk; nraw;ghl;bw;F ,e;j mOj;jp gad;gLfpd;wJ. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

%yk; Jupj

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

tyJ gf;fj;jpw;F ge;jpia xOq;F gLj;Jtjw;F ,jidg; gad; gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.

Guida Help cjtp - ,jw;Fg; ngupjhf tpsf;fk; mtrpakpy;iy mij mtNu nra;J tpLthH. mjhtJ> vkf;Fj; Njitahd jftypd; re;Njfq;fSf;fhd tpsf;fq;fs; ,q;Nf mikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ehk; njupT nra;Ak; jftYf;fhd tpsf;fj;ijj; Njbj;juf; $ba mOj;jpAk; mlq;fpapUf;Fk;. mtw;iwj; njupT nra;J Njitahd jfty; gw;wpa tpsf;fq;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s ,jidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. NghHkw;; ghH (format bar) ,JTk; mtrpak; njupe;J nfhs;s Ntz;ba tplakhFk;. ,jpy; jiyg;gply; vOj;J tbtq;fis khw;wpaikj;jy; vOj;Jf;fspd; msTfis khw;wp mikj;jy; Nghd;w Nkyjpfkhd nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhz;L Jupjkhf fhupaq;fis epiwT nra;J nfhs;syhk;. ,tw;iwg;gw;wp ,dptUk; gFjpfspy; tpsf;fkhf fhz;Nghkh? glk; 04 ,jid tpsf;FfpwJ. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

glk; - 04

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;jpid mOj;Jtjd; %yk; gy jiyg;GfSf;fhd tbtq;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;. Fwpg;gpl;l xU jiyg;ig rpwg;G tbtj;jpy; mikf;fNtz;Lk; vdpd; mj;jiyg;gpid kTrpd; %yk; milahskpl;Lf;fhl;bagpd;dH ];iuy; vd;w fl;lj;jpy; mike;jpUf;Fk; rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;ij mOj;jp mjw;Fs; fhzg;gLk; jiyg;G tbtq;fisj; njupT nra;Nthkhfpy;> njupT nra;j jiyg;gpd; tbtj;ijg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; xUjiyg;G tbtj;jpy; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; gpwpnjhU jiyg;G tbtj;jpy; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;jpid mOj;Jtjd; %yk; gy vOj;J tbtq;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;. jw;NghJ ghkpdp vOj;J tbtk; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ ehk; gpujp nra;jpUf;Fk; eilKiwg; ge;jpiaNah my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l jftiyNah NtW vOj;J tbtj;jpw;F khw;wNtz;Lk; vdpy;> Njitahd jftiy kTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) milahsq; fhl;ba gpd;dH fl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;ijj; njupT nra;jhy; fzdpapy; gjpe;Js;s vOj;J tbtq;fs; midj;Jk; njupa tUk; mjpy; vkf;F Ntz;ba tbtj;ijj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l gFjp njupT nra;j tbtpy; khw;wg;gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; uhrpfg;gpupah khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

tbtj;jpy;

gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; fPjg;gpupah khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

“UNGA”

tbtj;jpy;

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;jpid mOj;Jtjd; %yk; gy msTj;jpl;lk; ntspg;gLtjid mtjhdpf;fyhk;. ,tw;iwg; gad;gLj;jp vOj;Jf;fspd; msTfis khw;wp mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. jw;NghJ 12 vOj;jpd; msT fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ehk; gpujp nra;jpUf;Fk; eilKiwg; ge;jpiaNah my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l jftiyNah NtW mstpw;F khw;w Ntz;Lk; vdpy;> Njitahd jftiy nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH fl;lj;jpy; cs;s rpwpa Kf;Nfhzj;ijj; njupT nra;jhy; milahskplg;gl;l gFjp njupT nra;j mstpy; khw;wg;gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fspd; msTfs; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

16Mf

gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fspd; msT khw;wg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s (G or B) milahsj;ij mOj;Jtjd; %yk; jbg;ngOj;jhf khw;wp mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. jw;NghJ ghkpdp vOj;J tbtk; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ ehk; gpujp nra;jpUf;Fk; eilKiwg; ge;jpiaNah my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l jftiyNah NtW vOj;J tbtj;ijNah jbg;ngOj;jhf khw;w Ntz;Lk; vdpy;> Njitahd jftiy nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpiaj; njupT nra;jhy; milahsk; ,lg;gl;l gFjp jbg;ngOj;jhf khw;wg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,lg;gl;l jbg;ngOj;ij kPz;Lk; Kd;G ,Ue;jJ Nghy; rhjhuzkhf khw;wp mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vdpy; Nkw;nrhd;d Kiwapy; nksTrpd; %yk; milahskpl;Lf; fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s mNj mOj;jpia kPz;Lk; mOj;Jtjd; %yk; kPl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

jbg;ngOj;jhf

gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; ePf;fg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) “UNGA”

jbg;ngOj;ij

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s (I or C) milahsj;ij mOj;Jtjd; %yk; rha;ntOj;jhf khw;wp mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. jw;NghJ rhjhuz vOj;J tbtk; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ> ehk; gpujp nra;jpUf;Fk; eilKiwg; ge;jpiaNah> my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l jftiyNah rha;T vOj;J tbtj;jpw;F khw;w Ntz;Lk; vdpy;> Njitahd jftiy nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH fl;lj;jpy; (Nghkw;wpq; ghupy;) fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mOj;jpia mOj;Jtjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l gFjp rha;T vOj;jhf khw;wg; gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rhjhuz cs;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

vOj;Jf;fshf

gpd;G

(,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rha;T khw;wg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

“UNGA”

vOj;jJf;fshf

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s fl;lj;jpy; cs;s fPo;f; Nfhbl;l milahsj;ij mOj;Jtjd; %yk; vOj;Jf;fspd; fPo;g;gFjpapy; NfhLfis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. jw;NghJ ehk; gpujp nra;jpUf;Fk; eilKiwg; ge;jpiaNah my;yJ Fwpg;gpl;l jftiyNah fPo;f; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;l Ntz;Lk; vdpy;> Njitahd jftiy nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpia mOj;Jtjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l gFjpapd; fPo;f; Nfhblg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fyhk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rhjhuz cs;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

vOj;jJf;fshf

gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

“UNGA”

fPo;f;

Nfhblg;gl;bUg;gij

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ge;jpfspd; gf;f mikTfis ,lJ gf;fj;J khH[pDf;F (margine) khw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;. rhjhuzkhf ,lJ gf;f khH[pd; tbtpNy jftiy fzdp gpujp nra;Ak; vdpDk; cWjp nra;J nfhs;tjw;fhf kPz;Lk; xUKiw gad;gLj;jp njspT gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. mjw;Fj; Njitahd gFjpia nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg;gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpiaj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l gFjp ,lJ gf;f khH[pDf;F xOq;F gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rhjhuz vOj;jJf;fshf cs;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; ,lJ gf;f khH[pDf;F khw;wg; gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) ,q;F ngupjhf khw;wk; VJk; Vw;glg;Nghtjpy;iy fhuzk; rhjhuzkhfNt mit ,lJ gf;f khH[pDf;Nf mike;jpUf;Fk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ge;jpfspd; gf;f mikTfis kj;jpk (eL) gf;fj;J khH[pDf;F khw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;. rhjhuzkhf ,lJ gf;f khH[pd; tbtpNy jftiy fzdp gpujp nra;Ak; vdpDk; vkf;F nrd;uH gz;zp mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;> mjw;Fj; Njitahd gFjpia nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpiaj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l gFjp kj;jpk (center) gf;f khH[pDf;F xOq;F gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ge;jpfspd; gf;f mikTfis tyJ gf;fj;J khH[pDf;F khw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;. rhjhuzkhf ,lJ gf;f khH[pd; tbtpNy jftiy fzdp gpujp nra;Ak; vdpDk; vkf;F tyJ gf;fkhf mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;> mjw;Fj; Njitahd gFjpia nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpiaj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l tyJ gf;f khH[pDf;F xOq;F gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rhjhuz cs;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) “UNGA”

vOj;jJf;fshf

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

gpd;G

2002

mUfd;

(,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; tyJ gf;f khH[pDf;F khw;wg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

,q;Nf fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp ge;jpfspd; gf;f mikTfis rkepiyg;gLj;Jk; gf;fj;J khH[pDf;F khw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;. rhjhuzkhf ,lJ gf;f khH[pd; tbtpNy jftiy fzdp gpujp nra;Ak; vdpDk; vkf;F Ntz;baJ rkepiy gz;zg;gl;L mikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;> mjw;Fj; Njitahd gFjpia nksTrpd; %yk; (,lJ gf;f mOj;jpia mOj;jpg; gpbj;j tz;zk; Njitahd gFjpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J KbAk; tiu) fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpiaj; njupT nra;tjd; %yk; milahskplg;gl;l rkepiyg; gLj;jg; gf;f kh[pDf;F xOq;F gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;. (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rhjhuz cs;sij mtjhdpf;fTk;.)

vOj;jJf;fshf

gpd;G (,t;ntOj;Jf;fs; rkepiy gLj;jg;gl;l khH[pDf;F khw;wg;gl;bUg;gij mtjhdpf;fTk;.) “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

gf;f

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

ehk; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; jfty;fSf;F njhlHr;rpahd ,yf;fq;fSf;Fg;gjpyhf Gs;spfs; ,l Ntz;Lk; vdpy; ,jidg;gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. cjhuzk;: ij khrp gq;Fdp Nkw;Nghe;j jftYf;F KiwNa Gs;sp ,ltpUk;gpdhy; mj;jftiy KiwNa milahskpl;Lf; fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpia mOj;Jtjd; %yk; gpd;tUkhW ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. cjhuzk;>  ij  khrp  gq;Fdp

ehk; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; jfty;fSf;F njhlHr;rpahd ,yf;fq;fs; ,lNtz;Lk; vdpy; ,jidg;gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. cjhuzk;> “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

ij khrp gq;Fdp Nkw;Nghe;j jftYf;F KiwNa ,yf;fq;fs; ,ltpUk;gpdhy; mj;jftiy KiwNa milahskpl;Lf; fhl;ba gpd;dH Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpia mOj;Jtjd; %yk; gpd;tUkhW ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. cjhuzk;> 1. ij 2. khrp 3. gq;Fdp

“khngUk; flypy; ,Ue;J file;njLf;f epidj;j ,t;NtL xUJsp ePHNghYk; .” ,j;NjhL ,jd; KjyhtJ gFjpia Kbj;Jf; nfhz;L ,uz;lhtJ gFjpapy; re;jpg;Nghk;. Nkyjpfkhff; fw;Wf;nfhs;s ,izaj; njhlHGfs; kw;Wk; jkpo;g; Gnuhf;fpuhk;fs; gw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;s vq;fSld; njhlHG nfhs;Sq;fs;.

“UNGA”

UNGA TP:- 00933204031624 Mail:- arugan@hotmail.com http://arugan.spaces.live.com/ ITALY arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

jkpo;nkhop %yk;

Word&Internet (gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw gw;wpa mwpKfk;.)

ePq;fSk; fzpdpapy;... (Picture-Table&Border. . . ) (,kh[pd; &s; ghH- Nugps; &s;ghH-) gFjp-2

mUfd;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Tamil New Generation Academy jkpo;g; Gjpa jiyKiwf; fiyf;$lk;

kPz;Lk; cq;fs; iffspy; fzdp mwpT gw;wp gfpHe;J nfhs;tjpy; gpujp ,uz;bd; Clhf cq;fSld; ,iztjpy; ngUk; kfpo;r;rpailfpNwhk;. gFjp xd;wpy; Kf;fpakhd (Bar)ghHfs;gw;wp mwpe;jpUg;gPHfs;. ,g;gFjpA+lhf NkYk; nkU$l;Lk; JizBarfs;gw;wp mwpe;Jnfhs;sg;NghfpNwhk;. NkYk; fzdp mwptpidg; gyg;gLj;Jk; gyjfty;fs; Mq;fhq;Nf njhFf;fg;gl;L cq;fSf;F mjpf gaDs;sthW mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gJ vkJ fzpg;G. ,JnjhlHghd cq;fs; fUj;Jf;fisAk;> tpdhf;fisAk; vq;fSld; jhuhskhfg; gfpHe;Jnfhs;Sk; tifapy; vkJ <nkapy; tpyhrKk; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gjidf; fhz;f. eilKiwapy; cs;s “Ntl;” gf;fj;jpy; glq;fis ,izj;J mjd;%yk; ehk; nra;Ak; Ntiyap id NkYk; moFgLj;Jtjw;F my;yJ Njitf;Nfw;g khw;wq;fisr; nra;tjw;Fg; gpd;tUk; JizBar (glk; 05) ifnfhLf;fpwJ. ,j;Jiz ghupy; cs;s xt;nthU fl;lisfspd; njhopw;ghLfisAk; ,dpg;ghHg;Nghk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mLj;J Njitf;Nfw;g ngl;bfis mikg;gJk; ntspf; NfhLfis cUthf;fp nkU$l;LtJk;> vd;W gy nraw;ghLfisr; nra;tjw;F cjTk; xUBarMf ,J (glk; 06) ngupJk; vkf;F ifnfhLf;fpwJ. ,jidg; gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; Neuj;ij kPjg;gLj;JtJld; Fog;gkpd;wp njspthfTk; vkJ Njitfisg; g+Hj;jp nra;J nfhs;syhk;. ,dp Nkyjpfkhd ,j;Jiz RUf;fkhf mwpe;J nfhs;Nthk;.

ghHfisg;gw;wp

Fwpg;G- glj;jpy; khw;wq;fisr; nra;Ak; Kd; mjid xUKiw mOj;jpj; njupT nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

glk; 05 (apri) fl;lis%yk;

Fwpg;G :- open xUNghJk; jpwj;jy; fUj;jpw;nfhs;f.

“UNGA”

$lhJ

glq;fis vd;gjid

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

1) “Ntl;”eilKiwg; gf;fj;jpy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F ,yf;fk; gad;gLj;jpr; nrUfpf;nfhs;syhk;.

glq;fis xd;wpidg;

2) nrUfpf;nfhz;l glj;jpy; tHz khw;wq;fis (jd;ik) Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F ,yf;fk; ,uz;bidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; 1. ,aw;ifj; Njhw;wk;. 2. epoy; Njhw;wk;. 3. fWg;G nts;isj; Njhw;wk;. 4. kq;fy; Njhw;wk;. Nghd;w> khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. 3) glj;jpd; fWg;Gj; mjpfupg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk.;

Njhw;wj;jpid

4) glj;jpy; nts;isj; Njhw;wj;jpid mjpfupg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. 5) glj;jpd; ntspr;rj; mjpfupg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.

Njhw;wj;jpid

6) glj;jpd; ntspr;rj;ijf; Fiwj;J ,Uis mjpfupg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. 7) Nkw;nrhd;ditfs; glj;jpd; jd;ikapy; khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jg;gad;gl;ld. Mdhy; ,yf;fk; VO> glj;jpd; Njhw;wj;jpid Fiwj;Jf;nfhs;sNth my;yJ glj;jpid gpNwk; %yk; mjpfupj;Jf;nfhs;sNth gad;gLj;jyhk;. ,jpy; xd;iwf; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk; glj;jpid “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fiwf;Fk; NghJ glk; ntl;Lg;gl;Lf; nfhz;L nry;Yk;. 8) nrUfg;gl;l glj;jpw;Fr; Rw;Wtl;l NfhLfshy; moF gLj;j ,jidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. 9) rhjhuzkhf nrUfg;gl;l ghj;jpidj; Njitf; Nfw;g ,lk; efHj;Jtjw;Fk;> glj;jpd; Nky; vOj;Jf;fis vOjpf; nfhs;tjw;Fk; ,J Kf;fpakhfg; gad;gLfpwJ. ,jpy; 1. Fwpg;gpl;l ge;jpf;F ,ilapy; glj;ijr; nrUfpf; nfhs;sy; 2. glj;jpd; NkYk; fPOk; ge;jpia mikj;jy; 3. glj;ijr; Rw;wpg; ge;jpia mikj;Jf;nfhs;sy; 4. glj;jpw;F Kd; cupik nfhLj;jy; 5. glj;jpw;Fg; gpd;Dupik nfhLj;jy;. 6. glj;jpd; ntspg;Gwq;fis Njitf;Nfw;g khw;Wjy; Nghd;w cg mOj;jpfs; fhzg;gLk;. 10) glj;jpidr;Rw;wp mikf;fg;gl;l gpNwkpd; tHzj;jpid khw;Wtjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. 11) glj;jpy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l tHzj;ijg; gwpj;njLg;gjw;F ,jidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. 12) glj;jpid gy khw;wq;fSf;F Vw;gLj;jpdhYk; mjiz kPz;Lk; Muk;g epiyf;F nfhz;L tUtjw;F ,jidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

NkNy glq;fis eilKiwg;gf;fj;jpy; nrUfpf;nfhz;L mjpy; Fwpg;gpl;l khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;jp nkUFgLj;Jk; Kiwgw;wp mwpe;J nfhz;bUg;gPHfs;. ,dp> NfhLfs;tiutjd; %yKk;> Njitf;Nfw;g ngl;bfis mikj;Jf;nfhs;tjw;Fk;> vd mikf;fg;gl;l &s;ghHgw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;Nthkh? gpd;tUk; glj;jpy; (glk;-06) fhl;lg;gLk; &s;ghupd; %yk; vkf;F Ntz;bathW ngl;bfisAk;> NfhLfisAk; NkYk; rpy khw;wq;fisAk; nra;J vkJ (text) nuf;rpid nkUFgLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,yf;fq;fs; Fwpf;Fk; fl;lisfis RUf;fkhf ju Kaw;rpf;fpNwhk;. ,jidg; gapw;rp%yk; ePq;fs; gof;fg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Fwpg;G :- Fwpg;gpl;l rpy jftiyf; (,yf;fq;fis) $l;bf;nfhs;tjw;F ,y:18 Fwpg;gpl;Lf;fhl;Lk; fl;ilapidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.

(glk; 06) 1) ,yf;fk; xd;W Fwpg;gpLk; FwpaPl;ilg;gad;gLj;jp ml;ltizfisNah> my;yJ NfhLfisNah “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

Ntz;bathW Vw;gLj;jpf; mOj;jpagpd; nksrpd; %yk;

2002

mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. nfhs;tjw;F ,y>Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; tiue;J nfhs;syhk;.

mUfd;

,jid xd;iw itj;J

2) ,uz;lhtJ mOj;jpiag; gad;gLj;jp Vw;fdNt tiue;j NfhLfspy; Fwpg;gpl;lijNah my;yJ KOtijAk; mopj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. ,ij ,NurH vd;Nghk; ,jid cgNahfpg;gjw;F> Kjypy; ,e;j gl;Liz (button) mOj;jpa gpd; Ntz;ba Nfhl;bd;kPJ nksrhy; efHj;jp epuhfupg;gpid Vw;gLj;jyhk;. 3) %d;whtJ ePq;fs; tiue;j NfhLfspd;> my;yJ tiua Ntz;ba NfhLfspd; jd;ikapidAk;> tbtq;fisAk; khw;wp mikj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; NfhLfspd; jd;ikapidAk; tHzj;ijAk; msTfisAk; khw;wpf; nfhs;tjw;fhd xU JidghH cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,jidg; gad;gLj;jp ,yFthfkhw;wj;jpid Vw;gLj;jp vkf;F Ntz;ba Njitfisg;gg+Hj;jp nra;J nfhs;syhk;. 4) %d;whtJ Nghd;Nw ePq;fs; tiue;j NfhLfspd;> my;yJ tiua Ntz;ba NfhLfspd; jd;ikapizAk;> tbtq;fisAk; khw;wp mikj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; NfhLfspd; jd;ikapidAk; tHzj;ijAk; msTfisAk; khw;wpf; nfhs;tjw;fhd xU JidghH cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,jidg; gad;gLj;jp “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

,yFthfkhw;wj;jpid Vw;gLj;jp Ntz;ba Njitfisg;gg+Hj;jp nfhs;syhk;.

mUfd;

vkf;F nra;J

5) ePq;fs; mikj;Jf;nfhz;l NfhLfSf;fhd tHzj;ij khw;wp mikj;Jf;nfhs;tjw;F ,f;fl;lisapidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhds;syhk;. 6) vj;jifa NfhLfs; Njit vd;gij czHe;J mtw;iwj; njhpT nra;J nfhs;tjw;F ,jidg;gad;gLj;jyhk;. 7) cq;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;l ngl;bfSf;F tHzj;ijf; nfhLg;gjw;F ,f;fl;lisapidg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. 8) gy ngl;bfshf cUthf;f Ntz;ba mtrpak; Vw;gbd; ,jidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L Njitf;Nfw;g ngl;bfis gf;fthl;bNyh> my;yJ fPNo njhlHr;rpahfNth> Njitf;Nfw;g xOq;fikj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. 9) Vw;fdNt mikj;Jtpl;l gy ngl;bfis ,izj;Jf;nfhs;tjw;F ,jidg;gad;gLj;jyhk;. mjw;F Njitahd ngl;bfisj;njupT nra;J gpd;dH ,f;fl;lisapid mOj;Jtjd; %yk; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

10) ,jidg; gad;gLj;jp xU ngl;bapid NkYk; gy $Wfshf gpupj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. Njitg;gbd; Njitahd ngl;bapidj; njupT nra;J gpd;dH ,f;fl;lisapid mOj;jp Njitg;gLfpd;w vz;zpf;ifg; ngl;bfis njupT nra;J G+uzg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. 11) ePq;fs; mikj;j ngl;bf;Fs; vOjpAs;s nuf;]; MdJ ngl;bf;Fs; tyJ Gwj;jpyh my;yJ ,lJ Gwj;jpyh my;yJ eLtpyh vd;gJ Nghd;w tpilaq;fs; cs;slq;fpapUf;Fk; Njitf;F Vw;g mikj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. 12) ,jidg; gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; ,ikj;j ngl;bsdpd; ntspj; Njhw;wj;jpd; mstpy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jhky; cs;Ns cs;s fpilf; NfhLfis rkkhfg; gpupj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. 13) Nky; Fwpg;gpl;lJ Nghy; epiyf;Fj;jhf cs;s ngl;bf; NfhLfis (ngl;bfis) rkkhf mikg;gjw;F ,jidg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk; vdpDk; Gwj;Njhw;wj;jpd; mstpy; khw;wk; Vw;glkhl;lhJ. 14) ePq;fs; mikj;j gFjpapy; tbt khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;j tpUk;gpdhy; ,jid njupT nra;J mikj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. 15) Fwpj;j ngl;bf;Fs; vOjpa gFjpapid epiyf;Fj;jhfNth my;yJ fpilahfNth “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mikj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. mjw;F Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpapid milahsk; fhl;ba gpd;G ,f;fl;lisapidj; njupT nra;J khw;wj;jpid Vw;gLj;jyhk;. kPz;Lk; mNj Kiwapidg; gad;gLj;jp Kd;G ,Ue;j epiyf;F nfhz;L tuKbAk;. 16) vz;fis VW tupirapNy my;yJ ,wq;F tupirapNyh> vOj;Jf;fis mfu tupirapNyh (Mq;fpyj;jpy;) NkypUe;J fPo; my;yJ fPo; ,Ue;J NkyhfNth khw;wpf; nfhs;s KbAk;. 17) vz;fis VW tupirapNy my;yJ ,wq;F tupirapNyh> vOj;Jf;fis mfu tupirapNyh (Mq;fpyj;jpy;) NkypUe;J fPo; my;yJ fPo; ,Ue;J NkyhfNth khw;wpf; nfhs;s KbAk;. 18) ,f;fl;lisapidg; gad;gLj;jp ,yf;fq;fis RNaw;irahfNt fzpg;gplr; nrhy;yKbAk.; 19) ,jw;Fs; ,j;Jiz ghupy; cs;s midj;J fl;lisfSk; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Njitahdtw;iw ,izj;Njh my;yJ epuhfupj;Njh vkJ nraw;ghl;il ,yFthfTk; JupjkhfTk; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. Bird; ghH

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy; 2002 mUfd; ,jw;fhd tpsf;fKk;> ,it jtpHe;j ,q;F fhzg;gLfpd;w ,d;Dk;NtW gyJiz ghHfs; gw;wpAk; vkJ mLj;j kPo; ntspaPl;by; ,izj;J ju Kaw;rpf;fpNwhk;.

,dp fw;gpg;NgUld; ,ize;J fw;fNtz;ba tpilaj;ijf; ftdpAq;fs;... fzdpapy; ghtpf;Fk; rpy nrhw;gjq;fSf;fhd tpsf;fq;fs; CD :- Compact Dick CPU :- Central Processing Unit CD-ROM :- Compact Disk Read Only Memory DVD :- Digital Video Disk VCD :- Video Compact Disk PC RAM WWW. HTLM TCP IP Byte Kilo Byte Mega Byte Giga Byte

:- Personal Computer :- Random Access Memory :- World Wide Web :- web page fomat :- Transmission Control Protocol :- Internet Protocol

1KB-1024B 1MB- 1024KB “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

1GB-1.024 MB. 1.44MB- filoppy disk (1) CD-700mb. . . . . . . . . (75/80 min) DVD kpf mjpfkhd(b) mstpidAk; Neuj;jpidAk; nfhz;lJ. C :- epiyahd gjpTj;jl;ilf; Fwpf;Fk;. A :- gpNyhg;gpapidf; Fwpf;Fk;. D :- “rPb nwhk;”ik apidf; Fwpf;Fk;. F :- “rPb nwhk;” my;yJ mirAk; gjpTf;fUtpiaf; Fwpf;Fk; (Nkyjpfkhd NtW gjpTf;fUtpfs; ,Ue;jhy; E …). cs;thq;fpapw; rpyTk; ntsptoq;fpapw; rpyTk; Tastiera (input) Joystic (input) Stampante (output) Scanner (input) Modem (input) Mouse (input) Penna Ottica (input) Video (output) Box (output) Mick (input)

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mtrpakhd xUrpy gpwnkhopg;gjq;fs;. Programma/Program Mouse Tastiera/keyboard Stampante/Printer Floppy Video Icon (Icone) Desktop (laptop) Double click Highlight Mouse pointer Cursore/Cursor Delete Back Space Text Type Formatting tool bar Button Shift Arrow Right Left Select “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Standard tool bar Screen Power Exit Key board

tpirg;gyifapy; gpuNahfpf;Fk; mOj;jpfSf;fhd tpsf;fq;fs;. nfhLf;fg;gl;l xU rpy fl;lisapy; ,Ue;J ntspNawy; Njitf;Nfw;g Vw;fdNt gpuNahfpj;j gf;fq;fSf;F efuy; fl;lisfis Vw;Wf;nfhs;sy; (ok) gf;fj;jpd; Nky; gFjpf;Fr; nry;yy; gf;fj;jpd; fPo; gFjpf;Fr; nry;yy; vOj;Jf;fSf;fpilapy; Gjpa vOj;Jf;fisr; nrUFtjw;F “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Nfrupd; tyJ gf;fk; mopg;gjw;F jj;jpg;gha;tjw;F fg;gpw;wy; (ngupa) vOj;Jff khw;w Jiz mOj;jp eilKiw tupapd; ,Wjpf;Fr; nry;yy;

nry;yy;

eilKiw Nfhg;gpd; Kjy; gf;fj;jpw;Fr;

Nfrupd; ,lJ gf;fk; mopg;gjw;F Jiz mOj;jp Jiz mOj;jp Jiz mOj;jp (,UmOj;jpf;Fg; gjpy;) “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,yf;fg;gFjpapd; tpirg;gyifapid jilnra;jYk; jilafw;wYk; FWf;F top fl;lisfs; (Jizj;njhopw;ghl;Lf;fl;il) fzdpapd; Jizg;ghfq;fspy; rpy.

gpwpd;uH

];fhdH

nkhlk;

ngd; xg;upf;fh

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;Gfs; 1. fzdpiag; nghWj;jtiuapy; xU ghl;bw;Fg; gy topKiwfs; fhzg;gLk;.

nraw;

2. milahsq;fhl;ly; vd;gJ nksrpd; ,lJGwj;jhy; Njitahd ,lj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,Wjptiu mOj;Jk; NghJ mt;tplk; fWg;ghf fhl;rpjUtijNa Fwpf;Fk; 3. Fwpg;G:- glj;jpy; khw;wq;fisr; nra;Ak; mjid xUKiw njupT nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

Kd;

4. glj;jpidj;njupT nra;jhy; mjidr; Rw;wp rpwpa ngl;bfs; Njhw;wk; ngw;wpUf;Fk;. 5. Fwpg;G:- open (apri) fl;lis%yk; glq;fis xUNghJk; jpwj;jy; $lhJ vd;gjid fUj;jpw; nfhs;f. 6. jpiuapy; fhzg;gLk; If;NfhzpNy my;yJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpapNy nksrhy; njhLk; NghJ mjd; fUj;jpid jhdhfNt jpiu ntspf;fhl;Lk;. 7. JizghHfis kPl;Lf; nfhs;tjw;F FWfpatop nkDghH fhzg;gLk; gFjpapy; nksrpd; tyJGw mOj;jpia mOj;Jk; NghJ midj;Jj; JizghHfSk; Njhw;wk; ngWk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

8. midj;J ghHfspYk;> epfo;r;rpj; njhFg;Gf;fspYk; tyJ Gw Nky;%iyapy; fhzg;gLk; Gs;sbapy; cs;s FwpaPL mjid Kw;whf %Ltjw;Fg;gad;gLj;jyhk;. 9. xt;nthU ghHfspYk; Kbtpy; rpwpa Kf;Nfhzq;fhzg;gl;lhy; mjw;Fs; mjw;fhd Nkyjpfj;jfty; fhzg;gLk;. 10. Fwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpf;Fg;gf;fj;jpy; Mdhy; mNj mOj;jpapy; rpwpa Kf;Nfhzk; fhzg;gl;lhy; mjd; Nkyjpf jfty; cs;slq;fpapUf;Fk;. 11. xUFwpg;gpl;l mOj;jpf;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; mNjfl;lj;jpy; rpwpa Kf;Nfhzq; fhzg;gl;lhy; mf;fl;ilf;fhd Nkyjpfj; jfty; mjDs; mlf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gij czHf. 12. jpiuapd; fiufspy; JizghHfis Njitf;Nfw;g ,lk; efHj;jp mikj;Jf; nfhs;sKbAk;. 13. eilKiwg; gf;fj;jpy; vd;uuhy; Nfriu ,lk; efHj;jhj ,lj;jpw;F Nfriu tpiuthf ,lk; efHj;Jtjw;F nksrpd; ,lJGw mOj;jpahy; tpiuthf mf;Fwpg;gpl;l ,lj;jpy; mOj;Jtjd; %yk; Nfriu tutioj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

ntg; Fwpg;Gfs; 14. xU ntg;Ng[;f;F ,Uf;Fk; Kftupiag;Nghy; ,d;ndhU ntg; Ng[;f;F ,Uf;fNt ,Uf;fhJ. 15. ,d;uH new; tpyhrk; vd;gJ NtW <-nkapy; tpyhrk; vd;gJ NtW. 16. jkpo; ntg; gf;fq;fisg; ghHitapLtjw;F Fwpg;gpl;l jkpo; vOj;J nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; gjpag;gL ,Uj;jy; mtrpak;. 17. ,iza ,izg;Gld; ghHitapl;l gf;fq;fis ,iza ,izg;Gj; Jz;bf;fg;gl;l gpd;Gk; ghHitapl;Lf; nfhs;syhk; (non in linea). 18. Fwpg;gpl;l ntg;gf;fj;jpy; tpyhrj;jpid NtW xU ghHitapl KbahJ.

jpwe;Js;s nkapy; ntg; gf;fj;jpw;Fs;

19. www vd;gJ ntg;gf;fj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; @ vd;gJ <-nkapiyf; Fwpf;Fk;. 20. <-nkapypd; ,ufrpaf; FwpaPL ,yf;fkhfNth my;yJ vOj;jhfNth ,Uf;fyhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Internet ,d;uHnew; kdpjd; vg;gb cUthf;fg;gl;lhd;? Vd; cUthf;fg;gl;lhd;? mtd; cUtkhw;wj;jpd; gpd;Ds;s mUtk; vd;d? vd;gjw;nfy;yhk; ,d;Wtiu jplkhd KbT te;jjhfj;njupatpy;iy. Mdhy; ,e;j cyfk; mtDf;Ff; fl;Lg;gl;LtpLfpwJ. kdpjdpd; nraw;ghl;il ,yFgLj;jTk; Jupjg;gLj;jTk; kdpjdhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l ,ae;jpuNkh mtidNa fl;Lg;gLj;jptpl;lJ. mg;Ngw;gl;l ,ae;jpuq;fspd; mjpcd;dj gilg;ghff; fhzg;gLtJ nfhk;gpA+l;luhFk;. Muk;gj;jpy; fzf;Ffisf; $l;b> fopj;J> tFj;J> ngUf;fpf; nfhs;tjw;nfd jahupf;fg;gl;l fy;FNsw;wNu ,jd; mbj;jsk; vd;why; mJ rhyg;nghUe;Jk;. ,d;W ,e;jf; nfhk;gpA+l;lupd; Njit mjpfupj;Jf; nfhz;Nl nry;fpwJ. ,Ue;jNghjpYk; jkpoHfshfpa vkf;F ,Jgw;wp jfty;fs; vkJ nkhopapy; fpilg;gJ mupjhfNt fhzg;gLtjhy; ghupa gpd;js;sYf;Fs;shd epiyfz;L Kd;te;Js;sNj ,e;j Kaw;rp. ,dp jkpoHfshfpa ehKk; nkhopg;ghFghbd;wp nfhk;gpA+l;liug; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAk;. mj;jifa nfhk;gpA+l;lupd; ,d;wpaikahj ,d;uHnew; gw;wp myRtNj ,jd; gpujhd Nehf;fk.; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,jidf; fw;gjd; %yk; ,d;uHnew;iw ,yFtpy; ifahsyhk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfk; VJk; ,y;iy. cyfj;jpd; gy;NtW gFjpfspYk; cs;s kf;fs; ,e;j nfhk;gpA+l;liu ntt;NtW NjitfUjpg; ghtpf;fpd;w NghjpYk;> mtHfis xU ,izg;Gf;Fs; nfhz;L tUfpd;w nraw;ghNl ,d;uHnew; MFk;.

Website ntg;irw; vd;gJ nghJthf kf;fs;kj;jpapy; Ngrg;gLfpd;w NghjpYk; ntg; vd;gjw;F Mq;fpyj;jpy; rpye;jp tiyia> kw;Wk; ePz;l fhfpjj;jhy; nra;ag;gl;l Vl;ilf; Fwpf;Fk;. ,t;tpuz;by; vjw;Fk; nghUe;Jk; ,e;j ntg; gf;fk; mjhtJ> xU tiyg;gpd;diyg;Nghy Vuhskhd fzdpfis ,izj;J njhlHig Vw;gLj;Jfpd;w nraw;ghL xUGwk; ,Uf;f> kw;wr; nraw;ghL xU ntg;gf;fj;jpd; msT kpfTk; ngupaJ vdNt ,Utpsf;fKk; rhyg;nghUj;jkhfj;jhd; cs;sJ. ,jpy;,Ue;J ePq;fs; Gupe;J nfhs;s Ntz;baJ vd;dntd;why; “gy;NtW ,lj;jpy; cs;s fzdpfis xUnjhlHgpw;Fs; nfhz;L gy;NtWgl;l jfty;fis gupkhw;wpf; nfhs;Sfpd;w xU rpwe;j njhlHGr; rhjdk; ” vd;W jw;fhypfkhf tiuaWj;Jf;nfhs;syhk.; ehq;fs; E}yfj;jpw;F VNjh xU E}iyj; Njbr;nry;tJNghy; ,d;W tPl;by; ,Ue;jgbNa xU “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

E}yfj;jpy; cs;stw;wpYk; ghHf;ff; $Ljyhd jftiy Fiwe;j Neuj;jpy; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf;$ba trjpia ,e;j ntg;gf;fq;fs; vkf;Fg; ngw;Wj;jUfpd;wd. www (World Wide Web) cyf uPjpapyhd tiyg;gpd;dy; vd;gjd; RUf;fj;jpd; ntspg;ghNl ,JthFk;. ,jid ntg;gf;fq;fSf;fhd Kftupia Vw;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; gad;gLj;JfpNwhk;. ,e;j milahskplg;gl;l Kftupfs; %yk; me;je;j gf;fq;fSf;Fr; nry;tjw;F cjtpnra;fpwJ. vg;gb vq;fSila tPLfSf;F xt;nthU tpyhrk; ,Uf;fpwNjh mNj Nghd;Wjhd; ,q;Fk; nraw;gLfpwJ. ,q;Nf xU tpilaj;ij ePq;fs; ed;wha;g; Gupe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; mjhtJ “xU ntg;Ng[;f;F ,Uf;Fk; Kftupiag;Nghy; ,d;ndhU ntg; Ng[;f;F ,Uf;fNt ,Uf;fhJ” xU ntg;irw;Wf;Fs; nry;yNtz;Lk; vd;why; mjDila Kftup njsptha;j; njupe;jhy; tpiutpy; nrd;W tplyhk;. mt;thW njupatpy;iy vdpy; NjLjy; %yk; vkf;F Ntz;ba ntg;gf;fj;ij Njbf;nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

(NtjhfkE}ypy; Gjpa Vw;ghl;Lg;gFjpapy; me;J fpwP];Jitr;rhHe;jtHfSf;F xU ,yf;fj;njhlH nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.mjpy; nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;Fk; fUj;jpw;Fk; ,e;j Kftupf;Fk; Vuhskhd njhlHG ,Ug;gjhf vdf;Fg;gLfpd;wJ ,J gw;wp ,g;gFjpapy; ghHg;gJ Kiwahdjy;y vd;wNghjpYk; nghJr; rpe;jidf;fhf vOjNtz;bAs;sJ; vg;gb vdpy; mq;F Fwpg;gpLk; ,yf;fk; 666 ,q;F Fwpg;gpLk; tpsf;fk; www vd;gJ vdJ fUj;J ,dp ePq;fs; rpe;jpj;J KbntLq;fs; (,J xU rpe;jidj;Jhz;lNy) ,J vd;Dila jdpg;gl;l fUj;Nj xopa gpw ,y. Mq;fpy vOj;jpy; cs;s ntg;irw;iu ghHitapLtjpy; rpukk; ,y;iy Mdhy; jkpo; ntg;gf;fj;jpidg;ghHf;fNtz;Lkhapd; mg;gf;fj;jpy; vOjg;gl;Ls;s vOj;Jtbtk; cq;fs; nfhk;gpa+l;lupy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; my;yJ mt;ntg;gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J gjptpwf;fk; nra;J nfhs;syhk; gjptpwf;fk; vd;gJ lTz;Nyhl; (download) gz;Ztijf;Fwpf;Fk;. gpd;tUk; Kiwapy; cq;fs; fzdpapy; vOj;J tbtj;jpidg; GFj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Gjpa vOj;J tbtj;ij nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; ,izj;jy; ];uhl; start - gd;dNyh jp nfhd;Nwhy;Nyh pannello di controllo - jPg;Ngh jp fuhj;ju tipo di carattere - igy; File- ,d;];uy;yh NehNth jPg;Ngh jp fuhj;ju Installa nuovo tipo di carattere - Njhd;Wk; Jizghupy; vOj;J tbtk; cs;s (gpNyhg;gp> rPb> fhl;b];f;) ,lj;ijj; njupT nra;aJ XNf gz;zNtz;Lk;. @-mail ,J kpd;dQ;ry; Kftupiaf; Fwpf;Fk; “@” ,jid mw; (at) vd;W nrhy;Nthk;. ,jw;F Kd; tUk; ngaH Fwpg;gpl;l egUila milahsj;ijAk; mw; ,izg;igAk; gpd; tUk; ngaH Fwpg;gpl;l tpyhrk; jpwf;fg;gLk; epWtdj;ijAk; gpd;tUk; gFjp mjd; jd;ikAk; Fwpf;Fk;. c+k;:- arugan@libero.it (arugan - vd;gJ Fwpg;gpl;ltUila milahsk; (milahsg; ngaH) @ ,izj;Jf;nfhs;tJ libero Fwpg;gpl;l rHtupd; ngaH kw;Wk; Gs;spf;Fg;gpd; tUtjid fPNo njhFj;Jf; fhl;bAs;Nshk;. .com (Commercial) tpahghuk; .edu (Education) fy;tp .dk (Denmark) nld;khHf;ehl;bDilaJ .gov (Government) murhq;fj;jpDilaJ .it (Italy) ,j;jhypAilaJ .org (Organisation) mikg;Gfs; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

.net (networking) ,iza mikg;igf;fhl;Lk; .mil (Military) gilg;gpupitf;Fwpf;Fk;. Ms Internet explore ,dp xU fzdpapy; ,Ue;J ,izaj;jsj;jpw;Fs; gpuNtrpg;gJ vg;gb vd;W ghHg;Nghk;. 1. ePq;fs; gad;gLj;Jk; nfhk;gpA+l;lH ,izaj;njhlHig mwpe;jjh?

Vw;fdNt

2. my;yJ Gjpjhf Ntz;Lkh?

njhlHig

Vw;gLj;j

3. my;yJ ,d;uHnew; nrd;uupy; Vw;gLj;j KidfpwPHfsh?

njhlHig

vd;gijg;Nghd;w tpilaq;fis Kjypy; mwpjy; mtrpakhdit fhuzk; Vw;fdNt ,izaj;njhlHgpid mwpe;j fzdp vd;why; njhiyNgrpj; njhlHigf; nfhLj;J ,izaj;njhlHig ,izj;Jf; nfhs;syhk; Mdhy; Gjpafzdpahf ,Ue;jhy; (,izaj;njhlHig mwpahjjhf ,Ue;jhy;) nkhlj;jpid ,af;ff;$ba nrh/g;w; ntaH (software) xd;wpd;%yk; (yPgNuh> jp];fhyp> Nghd;w) ,izaj;njhlHgpid ,izg;gjw;fhd fl;lisapidAk; xOq;FfisAk; nra;j gpd;dH njhlHgpid Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

new;nrd;uupy; cq;fs; njhlHig Vw; gLj;Jtjhf ,Ue;jhy; Nkw;nrhd;d rpukk; VJkpd;wp Neupilahf ,izaj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk; fhuzk; mq;F ,izaj;njhlHG njhlHr;rpahf nfhLf;fg;gl;Nl ,Uf;Fk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. vdpDk; jkpo; ,izaj;ijj; jkpopy; thrpg;gjw;F jkpo; vOj;J tbtk; ePq;fs; ghtpf;Fk; nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; Vw;fdNt cs;sjh vd;gij ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk; ,y;yhtpby; mg;gf;fk; jpwf;fg;gl;lJk; mtw;iwj; jkpopy; thrpg;gjpy; rpukk; Vw;gLk; mt;thW rpukk; Vw;gl;lhy; NkNy Fwpg;gpl;lthW jkpo; vOj;J tbtj;ij gjptpwf;fk; nra;J nfhs;sNtz;Lk.; ,izaj;njhlHG Vw;fdNt ,izf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; gpd;tUk; KiwA+lhfTk; cq;fSf;F Ntz;ba ntg;gf;fj;jpidg; ghHitapl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,izaj;njhHG Vw;gLj;jpapUe;Jk; jpiuapy; ,d;uHnew; vf;];GnshaH njupatpy;iy vd;why; gpd;tUk; Kiwapy; mjid Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ];uhl; - GNwhf;fpuhkp (J}j;jpg; Gnuhf;fpuhkp) - ,d;uH new;vf;];GnshaH vd;gijj; njupT nra;jJk; jpiuapy; vf;];Gnshaupd; jpiu Njhd;wptpLk; gpd;dH clf;F Ntz;ba ,izaj;jpd; tpyhrj;ij fPNo fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s ,lj;jpy; vOjp vd;uH gz;zTk; my;yJ Vai vd;w mOj;jp tpyhrk; vOJk; fl;lj;jpw;Fg; tyJ gf;fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; ,jidf; fpspf; nra;aTk;. ,q;Nf thztpy; vd;Dk; jkpo; ntg;jsj;jpd; tpyhrk; vOjg;gl;Ls;sijf; ftdpf;Ff. tpyhrq;fis vOJk; NghJ vU Gs;sp$l jtWjyhf vOjg;gl;lhy; mg;gf;fk; ,izaj;jpy; ,y;iy vd;gij nfhk;gpA+l;lH njuptpf;Fk; vdNt tpyhrj;ij jtW VJk; ,y;yhky; vOJtjw;F Kaw;rp nra;Aq;fs;.vdpDk; cq;fSf;F epr;rakpy;yhj tpyhrj;jpid ,izaj;jpy; NjLtjw;fhd ,lj;jpy; gpujp nra;J Njbf;nfhs;syhk;. nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; xU nraw;ghl;bw;Fg; gy topKiwfs; fhzg;gLk; vd;W Vw;fdNt ghHj;Njhk; mJ Nghd;W ,J xUKiwjhd; ,jid NtW xU Kiwapy; ghHj;jhy; start gpujhd gl;LDf;Fg;gf;fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; e vd;w Mq;fpy vOj;jpd;Nky; tsak; Nghd;w NfhLNghl;bUf;Fk; fl;ilapid xUKiw mOj;Jtjd; %yKk; Muk;gpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

,izaj;njhlHG ,d;Dk; Vw;gLj;jhj nfhk;gpA+l;lupy; nkhlj;jpid ,af;fp ,izaj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l VjhtJ xU nrhg;w; ntaH %yk; njhlHig Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. mjw;F njhlHig Vw;gLj;Jk; Gnuhf;fpuhk; gjpag;gLtNjhL cq;fSf;F <-nkapy; tpyhrKk; mjd; ,ufrpa ,yf;fKk; ,Uj;jy; mtrpak;. midj;Jk; G+Hj;jp nra;J (nfhzf;jp) vd;W fhzg;gLk; njhlHig Vw;gLj;Jk; mOj;jpia mOj;jpa rpwpJ Neuj;jpy; ,izaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;Wtplyhk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

njhiyNgrpj; njhlHNgh my;yJ NtW VjhtJ tpilaNkh jilahf ,Ue;jhy; njhlHig Vw;gLj;jpj; ju nkhlk; kWf;Fk;. jilapid vLj;Jg; gpd;dH kPz;Lk; Kaw;rp nra;jhy; mJ jdJ nraw;ghl;il G+uzg;gLj;Jpj; jUk;. cq;fs; <-nkapiy ghHitaply; cq;fSf;fhd nkapy; tpyhrk; yPgNuhtpy; (@libero.it) ,Ug;gjhf itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. mg;gbnad;why; Kjypy; ,izaj;njhlHig Vw;gLj;jpa jpiuapy; tpyhrk; vOJk; ,lj;jpy; www.libero.it vd;w tpyhrj;ij vOjp vai vd;w gFjpiaNah my;yJ vd;wH fl;ilapidNah mOj;jTk;. mOj;jpaJk; rpwpJ Neuj;jpy; yPgNuhtpd; gpujhd jpiu Njhd;wptpLk; mjpy; gpd;tUk; glj;jpy; fhl;ba ghH fhzg;gLk; gFjpapy; cq;fs; milahsg;ngaiuAk; ,ufrpa ,yf;fj;ijAk; gjpe;J XNf nra;aTk.;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mjhtJ vkJ tpyhrk; fmaximin@libero.it vd;gjpy; fmaximin vd;gij user vd;w ,lj;jpYk; ,ufrpa ,yf;fj;ij pass vd;w ,lj;jpYk; gpujp nra;J XNf my;yJ vai vd;W gf;fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; gFjpia njupT nra;aTk;. NjupTnra;jJk; cq;fs; gf;fk; jpwf;fg;gl;LtpLk;. mjpy; cq;fSf;F te;j kpd; mQ;ry;fisg; ghHitaplNth my;yJ gpwUf;F kpd; mQ;iy vOjpaDg;gNth my;yJ Vw;fdNt vOjpaij mDg;gNth KbAk;. ,Nj Nghd;w jftNy midj;J ntg;gf;fq;fSk; Nfl;Fk; cjhuzj;jpw;F (Yahoo) ah$tpy; cq;fs; tpyhrk; ,Uf;Fkhf ,Ue;jhy; Kjypy; tpyhrk; vOJk; ,lj;jpy; www.yahoo.it vd;Nwh my;yJ .com vd;Nwh gpujpnra;J mg;gf;fj;jpy; Kjypy; GFe;J nfhz;L gpd;dH fbj ciw fhl;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; mOj;jpia mOj;jpaJk; cq;fs; milahsg;ngaH kw;Wk; ,ufrpa ,yf;fk; vd;gtw;iw vOjp cq;fs; fbjq;fisg; ghHitapl;Lf; nfhs;syhk;. ,jpy; ePq;fs; xd;iwf; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk; > yPgNuhtpy; jpwe;j tpyhrj;jpid ah$ ntg;jsj;jpy; ghHitaplNth my;yJ ah$tpy; jpwe;j tpyhrj;ij yPgNuhtpy; ghHitaplNth KbahJ. ve;j ntg;gf;fj;jpy; ePq;fs; tpyhrk; jpwe;J itj;Js;sPHfNsh me;j ntg;gf;fj;jpy; Eise;Jjhd; cq;fSf;fhd gf;fj;jpidg; ghHitapl KbAk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

NkYk; xNu Neuj;jpy; gy ntg;gf;fq;fis jpwe;J ghHitapl KbAk;. mjhtJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l ntg;gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J VjhtJ xUtpilaj;ij ePq;fs; gjptpwf;fk; nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ ,d;ndhU ntg; gf;fj;ijj; jpwe;J nfhz;L mjpy; cs;s jftiy ghHitaplKbAk;.

gpujhd kD ghupy; fhzg;gLk; gFjpfs; ,q;Nf gytpilaq;fs; GjpjhfTk; gytpilaq;fs; Ntl; njhFg;Gld; njhlHghd tpsf;fq;fSNkahFk; Gjpa tpsf;fq;fs; mLj;j gFjpapy; ntspf;fhl;lg;gLk;. 1. File 2. Edit 3. View 4. Favorities 5. Tools 6. Help gpujhd kDghupy; fhzg;gLk; cl;gpupTfs; “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

(1). File 1. New  Window  Message  Post  Contact  Internet call 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Open Edit Save Save as Page setup Print Send  Page by E-mail  Link by E-mail  Shortcut to Desktop

9. Import and Export 10. Properties 11. Work offline 12. Close “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

(2). Edit     

Cut Copy Paste Select all Fine

(3).View 1. Tool bar (Barre degli strumenti)  Standard buttons (Pulsanti standard)  Address bar (barra degli indirizzi)  Links (Collegamenti)  Radio  Customize 2. Status bar 3. Explorer bar  Search ( )  Favorites ( )  History ( )  Folders ( ) “UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

 Discuss  Tip of the day

mUfd;

4. Go to  Back  Forward  Home Page  About blank 5. Stop 6. Refresh 7. Text size  Largest  Larger  Medium  Smaller  Smallest    

8. Encoding Auto select Western European (windows) Western European (ISO) More > 9. Source

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

10. Script debugger 11. Full screen (4). Favorities ,jw;Fs; Vuhskhd Nfhg;Gf;fs; cs;sd mtw;iwj; jdpahfg; gHg;Nghk;. (5). Tools 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Mail and news Synchronise Windows update Show related links Msn messenger service Internet options

(6).Help 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

“UNGA”

Contents and index Tip of the day For netscape user Tour Online support Send feedback About internet explorer

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Nkyjpf Fwpg;G ePq;fs; Fg;igj;njhl;bf;Fs; NghLk; Nfhg;Gf;fs; jw;fhypfkhf Nrkpj;J cestino tpw;Fs; fhzg;gLk; mjid kPz;Lk; njupT nra;J mopj;jhy; jpUk;gTk; ngwKbahJ Mdhy; Fg;igj; njhl;bf;Fs; Nghl;ltw;iw mopg;gjw;F Kd;dH jpUk;gTk; Vw;fdNt cs;s ,lj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L tuKbAk;.

Fg;igj; njhl;bf;Fs; ,Ug;gij mopf;Fk; NghJ Njhd;Wk; gFjp ,jpy; si vd;gijj; njupT nra;jhy; jpUk;gTk; kPl;Lf; nfhs;s KbahJ. epue;jukhf mopj;JtpLk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Ntl;MHl;by; mikf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; khjpup tbtq;fs;

jpwj;jy;> gjpjy;> khw;Wg; ngaupy; gjpjy;> Nghd;wtw;wpd; NghJ Njhd;Wk; JizghH.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

mUfdpd; Mf;fj;jpy; UNGA apD}lhf 2000y; ,Ue;J ntspaPLfs; ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;. . . (1) ngg;utup 2002y; mEg+jp (173gf;fq;fs;) Mb 2003y; ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;. . . (2)xf;NlhgH 2003y; ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;. . . (2)xf;NlhgH 2004y; ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;. . . (3)khHr; 2005y; ,Jjhdh nky;ypdpa khw;wk; ePq;fSk; fzdpapy;. . . (3)khHr; 2006y; mHr;rid ,jo;fs; (2007) kyUk; kh jkpoPok;!?. - 2007 kPz;Lk; mLj;j xU ntspaPl;by; ,ize;J nfhs;Nthk;..

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

nehbg;nghOjpy; nebanjhU tUly; ,Njh! cdf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;l re;jHg;gq;fs; if eOtpg;NghfpwJ> fhyq;fs; cd;idg;ghHj;Jj; jpdq; if nfhl;br; rpupf;fpwJ> ntl;fg;gl ,Jty;y Neuk;! Ntjidg;gl ,dp ,y;iy fhyk;! gpioj;Jf;nfhs;SQ; re;jHg;gk; ,Jntd tpopj;Jf;nfhs;.. . .!! md;Gld; mUfd;

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

100

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

101

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

102

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

2002

mUfd;

Fwpg;GfSk;; jpUj;jq;fSk;.

“UNGA”

arugan@hotmail.com

103

ePqf ; Sk; fzdpapy;

“UNGA”

2002

arugan@hotmail.com

mUfd;

104