Above & Beyond | Canada's Arctic Journal 2020 | 05 by above&beyond

The Inflight Magazine for Canadian North

SEPTOCT 2020 | 05 YOURS TO KEEP

Rare Earth Find in Nunavik

How Arctic Animals Thrive in Harsh Environments

Alicia Aragutak When Trauma Makes Us Stronger

Annanaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Camp A Place of Cultural Learning

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Chris Avery ᑯᕆᔅ ᐄᕗᕆ

Dear Guest ᑐᕌᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᓄᑦ,

Johnny Adams ᔮᓂ ᐋᑕᒥ Executive Chairman of the Board, Canadian North ᐃᓱᒪᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓂ, ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᑦ

Welcome aboard!

ᑐᖖᒐᓱᒋᑦᓯ ᐃᑭᒪᑎᓪᓗᓯ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦᑎᓐᓂ!

The arrival of fall brings with it a return to familiar work and school routines. Even though this year will be diﬀerent from previous years due to COVID‐19, it is remarkable to think of how much change we have all adapted to this year and how far we have come together.

ᐅᑭᐊᒃᓵᖑᓕᕐᒥᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐅᑭᐊᒃᓵᒥ ᐱᔭᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᓯᒪᓕᕐᒥᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ

In recognition that Thanksgiving is celebrated in October, I would like to oﬀer our deepest appreciation to everyone who is helping to care for their communities. This includes the leaders, health care providers and all the essential workers who are working together to keep their communities safe while preventing the spread of COVID‐19. It also includes the Elders, parents, teachers, friends, neighbours, volunteers and everyone else who is helping to look after others. These have been challenging times and we have been proud to support all of you with safe passenger and cargo service. We know that you are depending on us, so we will continue to do everything we can to ensure the well‐being of everyone we serve. To learn more about the many safeguards we have implemented within our CN Care program, please visit www.canadiannorth.com/cn‐care I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to all our Canadian North employees. Operating a safe and reliable airline requires incredible teamwork from every part of our organization. This has been especially true over the past busy months where we have been able to quickly adjust to countless changes, big and small. I’m proud of our team of dedicated, caring airline professionals and am certain that we have the skills, experience and determination to overcome any challenges while always providing friendly and helpful service to you. Finally, we are thankful to everyone who has been able to travel and ship with us this year. I know that it may be some time before we are able to see all of you onboard our aircraft, but please be assured that we will be here for you when you are ready to travel. In the meantime, please know that we are thinking of you and look forward to seeing you in the future. It is always our pleasure to serve you and we are grateful for your friendship and support. Nakurmiik, qujannamiik, matna, quyanainni, quana, merci and thank you.

Chris Avery President and CEO Canadian North

ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦ

ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᓕᕆᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐃᓛᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ

ᑕᕝᕙᓂ

ᐅᑭᐅᕆᔭᕗᑦ

ᐊᔾᔨᒋᖖᒋᑕᖓᓂᒃ

ᐊᑐᓕᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᕙᒡᔪᐊᕐᓇᖅ-19, ᓇᕐᖓᕐᓇᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᒋᐊᒥᒃ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐃᓅᓯᕆᔭᕗᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᓂᖃᓕᕐᑎᑕᐅᒻᒪᖔᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᑕᒪᑦᑕᐅᓪᓗᑕ ᑲᑎᓐᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᓕᑕᕆᓯᒪᓪᓗᒍ ᖁᔭᓕᓐᓇᐅᑉ ᐅᓪᓗᖓᓂ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒍᑎᖃᖅᐸᓐᓂᕗᑦ ᐅᒃᑐᐱᕆ ᑕᖅᑭᖓᓂ, ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑦᑎᒪᔪᒪᕗᖓ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᖁᔭᓕᓯᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᑲᒪᔨᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᖁᔭᓕᓂᖅ ᐃᓚᖃᕐᐳᖅ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᕐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᓕᕆᔨᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓂᖃᖅᓱᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᒦᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᕙᒡᔪᐊᕐᓇᖅ-19ᒥᒃ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃᓗ. ᐃᓚᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᑐᖃᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᐃᓕᓴᐃᔨᓂᒃ, ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓱᒐᐅᓇᑎᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᒃᑯᓕᒫᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑲᒪᔨᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᓯᒋᔭᒥᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᖅᓯᒪᒐᑦᑕ ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᕆᒪᒍᓱᒃᓱᑕ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᓯᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᓯᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᓯᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᕋᑦᑕ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᔨᐅᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᕋᑦᓯ, ᑕᐃᒪᓕ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᒦᑎᑦᓯᕙᓐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ. ᑐᓴᐅᒪᓕᕆᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᒪᒍᑦᓯ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᒥᓲᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᒥᐊᓂᖅᓯᓯᒪᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᒻᒪᖔᑦᑕ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᑦ ᑲᒪᔨᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖏᑎᒍᑦ (CN Care program) ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕈᓐᓇᖅᐳᓯ ᐅᕙᓂ www.canadiannorth.com/cn‐care ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᕈᒪᕙᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᔅᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ. ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᓚᕐᓇᖖᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᔨᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᒥᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᑦᓯᐊᖅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᐅᒐᓗᐊᕈᑎᒃ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒋᔭᑦᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ. ᑕᖅᑮᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓗᐊᒻᒪᕆᒃᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓄᐊᖅᓱᕐᓇᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᕝᕙᑲᐅᑎᒋ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᕋᑦᑕ ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᓕᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᐊᖏᔫᑎᐅᔪᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒥᑭᑦᑑᑎᐅᔪᓂ. ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒍᑎᓪᓚᕆᒃᐸᒃᑲ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᐃᕿᐊᒋᓇᒋᑦ, ᑲᒪᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖅᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᓚᖖᒋᓚᖓ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᐃᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓐᓂ ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᖖᒐᓇᐃᓐᓇᖅᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᓐᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃᓗ ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑑᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥᒃᓕ ᑕᐃᒪ, ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᕈᒪᕗᖓ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᓯᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᕗᖓᓗ ᖃᖓᑭᐊᖑᒐᓗᐊᖅ ᐃᑭᒪᖃᑦᑕᕈᓐᓇᓕᕐᓂᐊᕋᑦᓯ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦᑎᓐᓂ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍᓗ ᖁᓚᖖᒋᑦᑎᐊᖁᓇᖅᐳᓯ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᑲᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ, ᐳᐃᒍᖅᑕᐃᓕᒋᑦᓯ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᐃᓐᓇᕋᑦᑎᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᑦᓯᐊᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᓂᐊᕐᒥᒐᑦᓯ. ᐃᓕᑦᓯᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᒋᐊᒥᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᔭᓕᓪᓗᑕ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔪᓐᓇᕋᑦᓯᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒋᔪᓐᓇᕋᑦᑎᒋᑦ. ᓇᑯᕐᒦᒃ, ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᒃ, ᒪ’ᓇ, ᖁᔭᓇᐃᓐᓂ, ᖁᐊᓇ, ᒥᕐᓰ

ᑯᕆᔅ ᐄᕗᕆ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᑲᓃᑎᐊᓐ ᓄᐊᑦ

ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᐅᔾᔨᕆᔭᐅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖓ Employee Spotlight | Iqqanaijaqtiup Ujjirijautitauninga

ᓯᐊᓕ ᑎᑭᐊᕆᔭ | Shelly De Caria ᓯᐊᓕ ᑎᑭᐊᕆᔭ, ᐃᓱᒪᑕᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᑰᔾᔪᐊᖅ, ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕ, ᐋᓐᑎᐊᕆᐅᒥ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᖅ ᐊᐃᐱᕆ 2013-ᒥᑦ.

Shelly De Caria, Senior Director of Sales and Community Investment From Kuujjuaq, Nunavik Based in Kanata, Ontario Been with the airline since April 2013.

ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᖃᓂᒪᓇᖅᑐᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓐᓇᕐᓃᑦ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᑎᑕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᑕᐅᑐᖅᑰᕐᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᕆᔭᕗᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒍᓐᓇᕆᐊᖏᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᕕᒋᕙᒃᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ. ᓄᑖᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᑦ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᔭᐅᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᓚᐅᕐᐳᑦ ᖃᓂᒡᓕᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᓂᖃᕈᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒥᒃᓯᕋᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᑎᒍᑦ, ᐊᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓯᒪᓂᖃᓕᕈᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ.

Despite the global pandemic and the current restrictions on air travel, we have been reimagining what our airline can be for the communities and people we serve. My new department of Sales and Community Investment was born out of our desire to be closer to the people and make meaningful, lasting impacts.

ᑕᑯᓐᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖖᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᑎᖃᕐᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑎᖅᑐᒃᓴᓕᕆᓂᖅᑎᒍᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᖔᓕᓚᐅᕋᑦᑎᒍ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᕗᑦ ᓇᓕᖅᑲᐅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖃᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᓕᕆᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᖖᒋᓐᓇᖅᐸᒃᓯᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᕙᓐᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᕙᓐᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᕆᔭᐅᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᑦᑎᓂᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖖᒋᓐᓂᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᓕᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᖖᒋᑕᖓᑎᒍᑦ. ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕈᒪᒐᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓕ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᓕᕈᓐᓇᕆᐊᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᕿᓂᓕᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑕ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᕿᓂᓕᖅᓯᒪᕙᒃᐳᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᓪᓚᕆᒃᐸᒃᓱᒍ. ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᑐᒍᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᕆᖃᑕᐅᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ ᑲᓇᑕ ᒎᔅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᖓᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖓᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᖅᑎᓐᓇᒋᑦ ᒥᖅᓱᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᒃᔭᖅᑐᒐᐅᕙᓐᓂᖏᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᕼᐋᑭᖅᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐊᖃᑎᒌᒃᐸᓐᓂᖏᓂᒃ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᐃᑦ ᕼᐋᑭᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᖕᓃᖅᓴᔭᐅᕙᓐᓂᖓᓐᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ, ᑕᐅᑐᖅᑰᕐᓂᖃᕐᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᓄᑖᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᕕᐅᓕᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕆᐅᓐᓂᖃᖅᓱᑕ ᖃᓄᒃᑲᓐᓂ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᒪᖔᑦᑎᒎ. ᓴᖖᒋᓂᖃᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᖃᕋᑦᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ. ᓯᓐᑎ ᑐᐊᕐᑎᓐ, ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒻᒥ, ᐸᓐᓂᖅᑑᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᕗᖅ, ᐃᖃᓗᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖃᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ. ᓂᓪᓕᐊᔾᔪᑎᖃᕈᓐᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᓯᒪᒻᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᕆᒪᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᓱᓂᐅᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᓕᖅᐸᓐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅᓱᓂ ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖄᒪᕝᕕᐅᕙᒃᑐᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᒧᑦ. ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖓ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᑲᔪᓰᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᕈᑎᐅᕙᒻᒪᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᓕᕋᓱᐊᕆᐊᒥᒃ. ᑯᕆᔅᑎ ᓯᓐᑭᓕᐊᕐ, ᐃᓱᒪᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓂᐅᕝᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ, ᔭᓗᓇᐃᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᖅ, ᐊᔪᖖᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᑖᕐᐸᓐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᔾᔪᐊᕈᒥᓇᖅᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ. ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᕐᒥᐅᓂᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᓯᕋᕐᕕᒋᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᓕᕐᓗᑕ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᖔᑦᑕ ᐱᓕᕆᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᓕᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᑕ. ᐅᖃᓐᓇᖅᐸᒃᑐᖓ ᐱᓕᕆᔭᕐᑐᕐᕕᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᒃᓴᐅᖅᑰᔨᖖᒋᒻᒪᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᕆᔭᕋ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᓗᐊᕋᒃᑯ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᐃᒫᒃᑕᐅᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᒻᒥᔪᑦ.

Rather than strictly looking at our community relations through the lens of sales and revenue, we’ve added a community investments component to ensure our work is equally focused on giving back. We have always participated in sponsoring and supporting events and causes across our network, the diﬀerence is that we will be approaching it in a diﬀerent way. We want to be proactive and seek opportunities to engage and be part of our communities. Being engaged and helping is one thing I strive to do every day and it’s something I’m especially proud of. We will continue to support initiatives like the Canada Goose Resource Centre where free sewing material is delivered to communities, and the Nunavut Hockey Stars camp that gives youth a great opportunity for hockey and life skills development. However, we are dreaming big with our new department of Sales and Community Investment and looking at what more we can do for our people. I have a strong team and we are all actively engaged in the communities we serve. Cindy Twerdin, our Director of Sales for the Eastern Arctic, is from Pangnirtung, living in Iqaluit. She has been very vocal and proud about hiring Inuit and leading the way to have an Inuktitut speaking call centre. Her passion for our communities drives the team to continue to strive to do better. Christy Sinclair, our Director of Sales for the Western Arctic, living in Yellowknife, is a champion of Inuit employment and a great role model for Inuit. We hope to hear the voices of the communities we serve and see what we can do to better provide opportunities. I always say it doesn’t feel like a job because I love it so much and I’m sure I can say that for the rest of our team.

From the Flight Deck Fuel supplies across the North As summer gives way to fall, we mark the end of a period where we face a unique annual challenge across our network. Given the lack of road access to many Northern com‐ munities, the summer months present an important opportunity for critical supplies that can’t be eﬃciently transported by air to be delivered by Sea Lift instead. As airlines, we also depend on marine access to support air service and the summer months allow tanker ships to deliver aviation fuel to the remote locations across our network. The Arctic climate means there is only a small window to provide those deliveries. Most airports only get one delivery per year, so a great deal of planning is required when placing the fuel order. The needs for the upcoming year must be accurately predicted so enough fuel is ordered for the annual delivery. The fuel providers are actually fairly good at predicting the required fuel volumes and we typically only see challenges in the weeks leading up to the annual delivery. During that period, the providers often reach a point where they need to restrict airline access to fuel to ensure there is always enough on hand to support emergencies or critical medical flights. Sometimes we can respond to those situations by carrying additional fuel when we leave the previous station, so we don’t need to refuel after landing. This approach allows us to maintain our regular schedule, but the additional weight of fuel that we need to carry means we can’t carry as much cargo. In other cases, especially when the flight covers longer distances, we can’t carry enough additional fuel, so we must re‐route the air‐ craft to stop and refuel at a diﬀerent airport. Even after the fuel gets delivered to the community, we can’t use it immediately.

A Canadian North ATR fuels up. © Jason Miller

There are plenty of safety rules in aviation and those standards also apply to fuel supplies. Once the fuel is delivered to the station, it needs to be tested to confirm it didn’t become contaminated anywhere during the shipping and delivery process. Once the storage tanks have been refilled, samples are sent to testing laboratories in the south. Until those samples are confirmed to be free of contamination, even though there is lots of fuel on site, we aren’t allowed to use it. We still need to treat the airport as if no fuel is available and must either carry extra fuel or plan alternate fuel stops. COVID‐19 has actually had a couple of unex‐ pected impacts on fuel supply challenges this summer. The first impact was helpful. Since we saw a dramatic drop in flights starting in late March, there was also a much lower need for fuel. As a result, we saw fewer stations get to a point where they had to restrict their ability to provide fuel to ensure they maintained the critical fuel reserves. We either saw shorter periods of restrictions or none. Most outages this year were only due to the need to wait for the test results to come back after the storage tanks were

refilled. This generated less disruption to our flight schedule than in “normal” years. The larger‐than‐normal amount of fuel remaining made our operations much easier, but it presented some significant challenges for the fuel providers. The ordering of fuel for the communities needed to be made before the onset of COVID‐19, so each community ordered their normal, annual fuel supply. Then, between March and the summer delivery, the reduced flying meant that less fuel was consumed than expected, so the storage tanks were much fuller than they usually are when the tanker ship arrived. Some stations actually ran into problems receiving their annual fuel delivery since there was simply nowhere to store it all. Now that the annual resupply is complete, all of our stations are fully stocked to permit continued, uninterrupted, safe operations until the process begins again next summer. Captain Aaron Speer Vice President, Flight Operations Canadian North If you are curious about a specific topic regarding flying and aircraft operations, let us know what you’d like to learn about and we’ll try to include it in a future column. Email: editor@arcticjournal.ca

Contents

The Inflight Magazine for Canadian North

SEPTOCT 2020 | 05 YOURS TO KEEP

Rare Earth Find in Nunavik

How Arc琀c Animals Thrive in Harsh Environments

Alicia Aragutak When Trauma Makes Us Stronger

September | October 2020 Volume 32, No. 5

9 24

Annana’s Camp A Place of Cultural Learning

PM40050872

o www.arcticjournal.ca

Pihoak lighting the qulliq. © Marla Limousin

29 20

Publisher: above&beyond ltd. Managing Editor: Doris Ohlmann doris@arcticjournal.ca Advertising: 613‐257‐4999 Toll Free: 1‐877‐2ARCTIC 1‐877‐227‐2842 (Canada only) advertising@arcticjournal.ca Design: Robert Hoselton, Beat Studios above&beyond ltd., (aka above&beyond, Canada’s Arctic Journal) is a wholly owned subsidiary of First Air, and a media instrument intended solely to entertain and provide general information about the North. The views and opinions expressed in editorial content, advertisements, or by contributors, do not necessarily reflect the views, oﬃcial positions or policies of First Air, its agents, or those of above&beyond magazine unless expressly stated. above&beyond ltd. does not assume any responsibility for any errors and/or omissions of any content in the publication. Reproduction in whole or part without permission is prohibited. We welcome contributions but assume no responsibility for unsolicited material. Send to editor@arcticjournal.ca.

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Features

‘Annana’s Camp’ is a pivotal teaching method, ‘a living land camp,’ where Grandmothers (Annanas) camp out on a spit of land, close enough that little children can walk there, and carry on their customary lifestyle. — Marla Limousin and Angela Gerbrandt

Rare Earth Find in Nunavik

The latest contributor to Nunavik’s resource economy comes from the discovery of Rare Earth Elements (minerals) and Fluorspar located 130 kilometres south of Kuujjuaq and now in development. — Edward Atkinson

24 PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40050782 RETURN UNDELIVERABLE CANADIAN ADDRESSES TO: ABOVE&BEYOND LTD. P.O. BOX 20025 CARLETON MEWS CARLETON PLACE ON K7C 3S0 Email: info@arcticjournal.ca

Annanattiat-Pitquhiit Ayukikvia/Annana’s Camp

How Arctic Animals Thrive in Harsh Environments

The Arctic has an abundance of unique life that has adapted to this environment and thrives in it. — Weber Arctic

Alicia Aragutak When Trauma Makes Us Stronger

Alicia Aragutak is the perfect product of colonization — a woman who witnessed and experienced intergenerational trauma first‐hand — Isuarsivik Communications Services S E P T E M B E R O C T O B E R 2 0 2 0 | 0 5 A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

13 Living Above&Beyond 18 Resources 34 Adventure Following Frobisher — Nick Newbery

36 Youth Canoe Expedition 39 Culture Inuvialuit Living History Project 42 Recipe 43 Bookshelf 44 Arctic Trivia Quiz — Alan G. Luke

46 Inuit Forum — Natan Obed, President, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami

Annanattiat-Pitquhiit Ayukikvia

ANNANA’S CAMP A Place of Cultural Learning By Marla Limousin and Angela Gerbrandt Look around you. Hasn’t this pandemic highlighted ‘things’ that you might have taken for granted before? Only it’s not ‘things’ brought forward in stark relief, it’s relationships. The Elders have been right all along. Quietly, politely, on the edges, they’ve been watching and worrying over the disconnects that have wedged into their communities. lmost in tandem, the Youth have been in a quandary, straddling two societies on a tightrope fence. Trip one way and they are in danger of losing their past, trip the other and they can’t keep up with all the ‘apps’. Fortunately, Cambridge Bay, in Nunavut, has managed to forge a safe, respectful meeting ground that is becoming a foundation for some exciting upgrades. You’ve heard the adage, ‘you have two ears to listen twice as much as one mouth to talk’? Demonstrably, The Mayor’s Elders Advisory Council and the Mayor’s Youth Advisory Council very aptly fill the role of building a cohesive Community, where Elders

very much guide and Youth very much influence our future. Through a process called The Comprehensive Community Plan, these two groups worked hand-in-glove with the Municipality and the Municipal Council, making sure that no one was left out. In those community meetings we mourned the loss of culture by colonial interventions: removing sick individuals to TB sanatoriums ‘down South’, from which they might, or might not have returned; the Residential Schools that broke familial links and dumped brainwashed kids speaking a foreign language back in the Community years later; the killing of sled dogs that had enabled hunters to proudly feed their families, the Elders and

Pihoak making tea on a quiet morning at the camp. © Francis Oduro

S E P T E M B E R O C T O B E R 2 0 2 0 | 0 5 A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

Mabel Etegik fleshing the sealskin. © Marla Limousin

Young hunters and gatherers at the camp. L to R: Tearza and Landon Aknavigak. © Marla Limousin

The Annana's. L to R: Eva Kakolak, Mabel Etegik, Pihoak (Bessie Omilgoetok), Anne Wingnek, and Annie Atighioyak. © Marla Limousin

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Pihoak prepares fat for fuel for the qulliq. © Marla Limousin

their Community. These monstrous wrongs still angle at the side-lines, like fish hooks dragging. Yet, Inuinnait are nothing short of resilient, ingenious, and funny. The Elders wade through the past and reach in to family. “Family,” they say, “have sustained us all this while and family will show us the way again”. Not the nuclear family. But the way that the Inuit see family: ‘the Community as family’. This is where ‘Annana’s Camp’ was born. A pivotal teaching method, ‘a living land camp,’ where Grandmothers (Annanas) camp out on a spit of land, close enough that little children can walk there, and carry on their customary lifestyle. Tent flaps flapping, they light the qulliq (the oil lamp) that centres us all and commands observation of the traditions; they flesh seal or dry fish, make tea and bannock … while carefully demonstrating the right way in all things. Originally envisioned as a ‘look and don’t touch’ scenario, this has grown into a far more interactive sharing, bringing focus to Inuinnaqtun, their language, and how it describes the connection Inuit have to the land, explaining the ‘stories’ of their auditory history. Annanattiat-Pitquhiit

Ayukikvia/Annana’s Camp: A Place of Cultural Learning is already being regarded as an institution of teaching. It is a place alive with questions and knowledge and beaming Elders who confidently play their roles. In a recent Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (Traditional Wisdom) Day, three seals had been caught by a young hunter who, as tradition dictates, brought this harvest to the Elders. Nothing was wasted. The fat was pounded into oil to light the qulliq, the meat was boiled for food, the skin scraped for clothing, and the flippers were fermented. Food, of course, draws in the Community. Celebration of ‘family’ ensues. But more than that, the celebration underlines what the Elders are saying. The Universe gives to us. We are bound to recognize that connection in our young hunters, who bring us gifts. To them we give kamiit, made from seal skin to keep their feet dry and warm. This is the circle of life, so clearly defined in Inuit communities. At Annana’s Camp, the ‘old ways’ are encouraged and supported, for you see how this builds the sense of Community. We are drawn in by the stories and the jokes, always lessons in the teachings. The toddlers are enchanting and are familiar with visiting within the group. They tumble over and are resurrected by whoever is closest, with heartfelt affection. At the camp, the girls in their bright calicos and the boys are equally as mesmerized by the stars and the wash of the ocean, discussing where the fishing is best. It is a sense of belonging that is the mainstay. The Annana’s are not advocating a return of the past but an understanding of the past to successfully negotiate the world of today. Come and visit. Your life will be changed forever.

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LIVING ABOVE&BEYOND

New coin celebrates the creation of the NWT The Royal Canadian Mint has issued a collector coin in honour of the 150th anniversary of the creation of the Northwest Territories. Designed by Inuvialuit artist Myrna Pokiak, this piece of history is also a tribute to the various Indigenous cultures that have shaped the spirit and identity of this special part of Canada. The silver coin features 11 ulu traditional knives, representing the Inuvialuit as well as each of the Territories’ oﬃcial languages; a Dene tipi; and a Métis sash flowing like a river across the coin. Due to the pandemic‐related modification of operations, the 150th Anniversary of the Northwest Territories coin is scheduled for delivery on November 24, 2020. The coin can be ordered directly from the Mint at 1‐800‐267‐1871 or at www.mint.ca.

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The 2020 $30 Fine Silver Coin celebrates the 150th Anniversary of the Northwest Territories.

Arctic Inspiration Prize – 2020 Call for Nominations 2018 Feature Laureate — Traditional Techniques Tweaked to Galvanized Indigenous Northern Artisans By Penny Taylor Above and beyond the rugged landscape and long winters cloaked in darkness, Canada’s North oﬀers inspiration from the northern lights, a summer sun that doesn’t set, and raw, wild beauty, not to mention a rich kaleidoscope of talented Indigenous artisans. Many of these artisans often sell their work through an under‐ ground economy. This undermines the perceived quality of some of the work. It also contributes to poor relationships with money and impedes their ability to be successful and profitable. Sue McNeil saw the challenges these artisans faced in the Inuvialuit and Gwich’in Settlement Areas. How can artists have more

From the Indigenous Artists Open House, two artists show the covers they made using screen printing technology. © Sue McNeil

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LIVING ABOVE&BEYOND Traditional Techniques Tweaked to Galvanize Indigenous Northern Artisans won one of the Arctic Inspiration Prizes in 2018. © Alistair Maitland/Arctic Inspiration Prize

say in what they do, and more say in their

To break down barriers and build trust, the

finances? What business skills do they need to

Artists Committee gathered input from artists

be selfdetermined, sustainable business owners?

to better understand what they wanted. They

For Sue, it was about empowering the artists

found there was a desire to focus not just

to be more successful by providing opportunities

on traditional art but also on generating art in

to be more comfortable promoting their

non‐traditional ways.

business. It was also about finding ways for

With this plan in hand, the Artists Committee

them to support each other. Her solution:

tackled the process of putting together the AIP

create an association of northern Indigenous

nomination and gathered letters of support

artists and crafters with self‐determined

from AIP ambassadors.

quality, products, prices, and markets that

For some, this process can be daunting. Sue’s

would support sustainable and culturally

advice: “Don’t be intimidated — nominations

valuable lifestyles.

take eﬀort. Reach out for assistance. Find

Like many great ideas, it needed funding to get oﬀ the ground.

someone who has experience.” The AIP has an extensive network of Ambassadors across the

Enter the Arctic Inspiration Prize (AIP). As

North who can oﬀer advice and support

the largest annual prize in Canada with a

navigating the process. “The true value of the AIP

specific focus on the Arctic, each year the Arctic

is there are no time restrictions and the money

Inspiration Prize recognizes diverse teams with

can be combined with other funding. Take the

innovative, community‐driven projects in the

time to plan and use the money wisely.”

fields of education, sustainable housing, health,

In 2018, due to the eﬀorts of the Artists

performing arts, traditional knowledge, language,

Committee, the Traditional Techniques Tweaked

and science.

to Galvanized Indigenous Northern Artisans

Sue convened an Artists Committee to

project received $500,000.

build the framework for an Artists Association.

If you have a great idea that can inspire

The goals of the Artists Association: manage

the North, visit the AIP website at arctic‐

the business of selling the artwork through

inspirationprize.ca for more information about

sustainable business ventures, build capacity

the prize, nomination guides, and templates.

and self‐determination for artists in the region, improve local artisans’ skills ensuring

The deadline for nominations this year is October 14, 2020, at 11:59 pm PT.

authentic, high‐quality products, and build confidence in the members as sustainable business owners.

Celebrating Inuit fashion Inuk Style opened September 25, 2020 at

ivory hair combs and pins, Inuit have put much

the Winnipeg Art Gallery and highlights Inuit

of their own identity into these wearable works

fashion designers while looking at stylish acces‐

of art.

sories and jewellery from generations past.

Drawn from the collections of the Winnipeg

In celebration of the next generation of Inuit

Art Gallery and the Government of Nunavut’s

designers, this exhibition presents a selection

Fine Art Collection, Inuk Style presents a

of fashionable accessories and jewelry hand‐

dynamic range of clothing items spanning the

crafted with delicate care and precision using

Western to the Eastern regions of the Canadian

sewing skills passed down through many

Arctic.

generations. From the beaded fringes on amautiit, to carved caribou antler beads, to

Running until April 28, 2021, check it out at www.wag.ca.

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New series for children teaches life lessons

Ukaliq (right) and Kalla (left) packing up, from Episode 13. © Taqqut Productions

A new 13‐part online animated series from Taqqut Productions has launched on the Nunavut Independent Television Network’s website. In 11‐minute episodes, main characters are Ukaliq, the impulsive Arctic hare and Kalla, the wise lemming. “Ukaliq & Kalla”, featuring an all‐ Inuit cast of voices, is aimed at kids aged two to five. Ukaliq is voiced by Vinnie Karetak and Kalla is voiced by Thomas Anguti Johnston. The series provides simple life lessons for kids as well as featuring traditional skills. The show’s writers are Roselynn Akulukjuk, Neil Christopher, Champagne Brittany Choquer, Luke Coleman, Erik Blohm‐Gagné, Nadia Mike and Nadia Sammurtok. It’s directed by Roselynn Akulukjuk and Luke Coleman, with music by Pangnirtung accordionist Simeonie Keenainak and Baker Lake beat boxer Nelson Tagoona.

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LIVING ABOVE&BEYOND

Beluga whale-harvesting featured in exhibit Myrna Pokiak’s family in the smokehouse part of the exhibit. © Canadian Museum of Nature

Now until September 13, 2021, a new exhibition at the Canadian Museum of Nature, Qilalukkat! Belugas and Inuvialuit: Our Survival Together, explores the importance of beluga whales to Inuvialuit — Inuit of the Western Canadian Arctic. Curated by Myrna Pokiak, an Inuvialuit cultural educator born and raised in Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, the exhibit is situated within the Canada Goose Arctic Gallery. Beluga whale‐harvesting has long been a vital part of Inuvialuit life. Inuvialuit families have an annual harvest every summer when the whales return to the Mackenzie River estuary. One whale provides a year’s worth of food for a family. The beluga whale harvest is a necessity for the physical, spiritual and mental health of Inuvialuit families and communities. The beluga harvest in the Western Canadian Arctic is sustainable — part of a co‐management program with Inuvialuit and Fisheries and Oceans Canada that includes monitoring, research, education, tourism, and guidelines for shipping routes. Through text panels, specimens, artefacts, models, photos, and videos, visitors will gain insights into Inuvialuit culture and traditions. The exhibit includes a re‐created smokehouse and food preparation area with displays of modern and traditional tools, models of drying whale meat (mipqu) and whale blubber and skin (muktuk), specimens such as a beluga skull, and artefacts such as an ulu — an all‐purpose knife used by several Northern cultures but typically created in a triangular shape by the Inuvialuit. Also view an overview of the exhibit and a collection of the videos in the exhibit that show the Pokiak family experiencing the hunt, life on the land, and the ice house in Tuktoyaktuk at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuAGCv6‐ Tvo Qilalukkat! Belugas and Inuvialuit: Our Survival Together is presented in partnership with the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. S E P T E M B E R O C T O B E R 2 0 2 0 | 0 5 A B O V E & B E Y O N D — C A N A D A’ S A R C T I C J O U R N A L

RESOURCES

COVID: Mining and exploration down but not out Will need help to emerge stronger By Ken Armstrong, NWT & Nunavut Chamber of Mines President

NWT & Nunavut Chamber of Mines President Ken Armstrong says the North’s minerals industry wants to emerge from the pandemic in a stronger position but that will take a combined effort by industry and governments. © Chamber of Mines

COVID‐19 continues to create the most significant health and economic disruptions in recent Canadian history. However, several encouraging state‐ ments by the federal government resonate as we wrestle with the pandemic. We are all in this together and it is important that Canada emerge stronger than it was pre‐COVID. The last statement really resonates with the Chamber of Mines: that the NWT and Nunavut emerge stronger than pre‐COVID. The northern minerals industry has not been immune to COVID. Travel was virtually shut down as borders were closed; mine workforces shrank as workers from vulnerable communities were ordered to stay home; and in one case a mine was forced into creditor protection due to the pandemic’s eﬀects. Despite the pandemic’s impacts on business, northern mines have risen to the challenge. They began with applying stringent social distancing measures and sending workers from small vulnerable communities home, with pay. Longer work rotations were put in place for the remaining workers along with private, cross‐ country charter flights to bring them to and from their homes safely. For added protection, several mines installed testing labs. In taking these strong steps to keep operating, northern

mines have not only continued to maintain their significant contributions to northern economies, but, most importantly, they have kept workers and communities safe. This has not come without a price, though. Perhaps the highest cost has been the shut down of the NWT’s Ekati mine as diamond markets and sales virtually shut down. The two remaining diamond mines continue to suffer from depressed prices and reduced sales. Thankfully, Nunavut’s gold and iron mines have been blessed with stronger commodity prices, helping offset pandemic‐related higher costs and reduced production. Sustaining the significant benefits that min‐ ing provides rests with continued and healthy exploration investment. Without it, new deposits will not be discovered to eventually replace those being mined today. Employment, business, and tax benefits will dry up. Unfortunately, northern exploration has suffered significantly from COVID. Planned programs ground to a halt as travel and markets were disrupted. And while Canada provided financial relief to many businesses, the govern‐ ment’s flagship emergency wage subsidy program was not available to the small pre‐ revenue exploration companies that bring

Northern exploration spending has been trending down for several years. 600 550

NWT

500

Nunavut Yukon

450 400

Millions of dollars

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020*

Source: NRCan data provided by NWT & Nunavut Chamber of Mines *Pre-pandemic estimate

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RESOURCES

Strong gold prices are helping bolster much of the reduced exploration in NWT and Nunavut. © TMAC

investment to the North. Some explorers have chosen to invest in projects in other jurisdictions where exploration costs are also much lower. The Chamber of Mines has worked diligently and collaboratively with federal and territorial governments to seek relief. We have been encouraged that some eﬀorts are now assisting the struggling industry over the COVID hump. The Northwest Territories government has distributed $1 million through its mineral incentive program. In Nunavut, the federal government announced mineral tenure relief by extending the time limits on mineral lease payments. However, getting exploration to emerge stronger than pre‐COVID is still not assured. It is important to know that there is a ‘double whammy’ working against northern exploration. While COVID has made exploration eﬀorts challenging in 2020 — and not possible in some cases — the pandemic came at a time when northern mineral exploration investment was already struggling. In February, the federal government released pre‐pandemic data confirming continuation of a multi‐year decline in exploration funding in both territories. The Chamber of Mines is in discussions with all levels of government on strategic actions that can help the industry emerge stronger. Reducing unnecessary regulatory hurdles will certainly help. Creating a special ‘North of 60’ mineral exploration tax credit would help level the playing field in attracting investment from southern Canada. Advancing the promised

national strategy for strategic and battery metals will open additional new exploration and mining possibilities. And getting government support for specific projects to help with such things as their costly infrastructure (something govern‐ ment did 50 years ago), could make a world of diﬀerence. Despite all the challenges, several companies have been able to mount exploration programs in 2020, helped in no small part by a rising gold price. While we cannot count on or control fortuitous market prices, we can roll up our sleeves and take positive actions to strengthen the minerals industry and the northern economy. As our prime minister has stated, COVID provides Canada the opportunity to emerge stronger. It is up to all of us to make this happen, and I am proud to say the Chamber of Mines is seizing that challenge.

Exploration – at work in 2020 in Nunavut and the NWT

NWT ·

Here is a list of current exploration activities across the two territories.

Nunavut · ·

Blue Star Gold is conducting a 7,000‐metre drill program at Hood River and Ulu properties. Despite cancelling this year’s program, North Arrow Minerals and EHR Resources have financing for the Q1‐4 diamond deposit bulk sampling (planned for summer 2021) at the Naujaat diamond project.

Sabina Gold & Silver has reported its first results from high‐grade drilling of Umwelt Underground at its Back River gold property. The Back River Goose project is fully permitted for construction and operations. Western Atlas Resources completed its 13‐ hole initial drill program at its Meadowbank gold project. Solstice Gold has received government approval to conduct an exploration program on its KGP gold project near the Meliadine gold mine.

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Fortune Minerals has started a geophysical program at its NICO gold‐bismuth‐cobalt‐ copper property. Gold Terra Resources has begun a 10,000‐ metre drill program at its Yellowknife city gold project. Nighthawk Gold Corp’s 2020 exploration program is underway with three drills and an expected 25,000 metres of drilling at Colomac and at the Leta Arm and Treasure Island gold projects. Osisko Metals Incorporated has restarted drilling at Pine Point. At the site, the camp has been reopened for permitting and environmental initiatives and for drilling on priority targets. Rover Metals has begun an 1100‐metre diamond drilling program on its gold project close to Behchoko, north of Yellowknife. 19

Field accommodations at Camp Valcourt. © Mathieu Jalbert

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Rare Earth Find in Nunavik c En w / k5

ß 7 md t 5

By Edward Atkinson The Nunavik territory is appreciated by Northern Quebec’s expansive land mass marked by the Quebec Bound aries Extension Act (1912) and Canada’s first indigenous land claim settlement, the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (1975). However, people have survived for over 4.000 years from the Nunavik region’s nat‐ ural resources. At the turn of the 20th century the Revillon Frères and the Hudson Bay Company established posts to trade with Inuit. n 1959, the first Inuit Eskimo Cooperative was inaugurated in Kangiqsualujjuaq on the George River. Fort Chimo-Kuujjuaq’s Jeannie Snowball created the fuzzy sealskin owl which became famous in popular culture as the Ookpik s4W[Jx6. The Ookpik was chosen to represent Canada at the 1964 Philadelphia International Trade Fair. Since 1967, cooperatives have been established in all the Inuit communities of Nunavik, and the ‘coop’ movement united by la Fédération des coopératives du Nouveau-Québec (FCNQ) Also, in 1967, 15 muskox, called umingmak su1m4 locally, were introduced from the High Arctic to a productive farm at old Fort Chimo just downstream on the Koksoak river from today’s Kuujjuaq. Today, and since released, they number over 2,000. The latest contributor to Nunavik’s resource economy comes from the spectacular discovery of Rare Earth Elements (minerals) and Fluorspar located 130 kilometres south of Kuujjuaq and now in development. The proprietor exploration and development company is the Commerce Resources Corp. (CCE on the TSX.V and D7HO on the Frankfurt Exchange). The project was tagged the Ashram Rare Earth and Fluorspar Deposit: potentially the first successful Rare Earths mine in Canada and contributor to the local economy. On May 15, 2019, Commerce Resources Corp. signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with both Makivik Corporation and Nayumivik Land Holdings. The intention is of high importance to the region’s mining economy because it calls for Nunavummiut involvement in its planning. Economic Development vice-president Maggie Emudluk signed it on behalf of Makivik and Sammy Koneak for Nayumivik Land Holding Corporation. Company president Christopher Groves and geologist project manager

Logging carbonatite drill core from the Ashram Rare Earth Elements Deposit. © Mathieu Jalbert SEPTEMBEROCTOBER 2020 | 05

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Rare Earth Elements (Qarisaujanut uumaqquti ᖃᕆᓴᐅᔭᓄᑦ ᐆᒻᒪᖁᑎᑦ) are critical to green technologies, such as Tugliq Energy’s wind power turbine, shown here. © Tugliq Energy

Carpenter Saunders, of Kuujjuaq, erecting the field infrastructure.

Darren L. Smith signed for Commerce Resources Corp. The company is a founding member of the Rare Earth Industry Association (REIA). Rare Earth Elements (Qarisaujanut uumaqquti cEns/k5 ß7mdt5) are used in leadingedge electronics which people everywhere benefit from, especially the smartphone technology pioneered by Canada’s Blackberry. Other Rare Earths uses involve all computers, rechargeable batteries, fluorescent lights, industrial magnets, and wind turbines including Tugliq Energy’s equipment among other green technologies. In short, they are critical to clean and high-tech industries. Additionally, Commerce Resources’ exploration has discovered fluorspar (also known as fluorite), which is another critical mineral where China dominates production. Fluorspar is an industrial mineral used in the manufacture of enamel and ceramics, as well as in Lithium Ion batteries and some medical applications. Also, Fluorite crystals are said to increase one’s concentration, self-confidence, and overall energy. The Qiviut fibres plucked from the undercoat of muskox are believed to have similar qualities after spun into a fashion: it gives off remarkable energy and heat. In 2005, Commerce Resources decided to search for a world-class Rare Earths Elements project in light of China’s dominance in then producing more than 95 per cent of the world’s supply; and, in China’s imposition of a global export duty. Two years later, Commerce Resources staked the required claims. Fortunately, the company’s work to date represents a high concentration of Rare Earths, which are located just two metres beneath a shallow veneer of ground earth facilitating its extraction.

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Saville Resources operation from the air. © Commerce Resources Corp.

The adjacent positioned Saville Resources Inc. is Commerce Resources Corp.’s sister company. However, its chief focus is the chemical element Niobium (Saville’s symbol is SRE on the TSX.V). While being called the Niobium Claim Group Property, Saville Resource’s secondaries are tantalum, fluorspar, and phosphate. Saville’s Niobium targets are well advanced, also close to the surface, and found to be of a much higher grade than other niobium deposits being worked globally. The price of Niobium has quadrupled since 2006: a fact which is beneficial to its Nunavik stakeholders. China buys half of the world’s mined niobium. Niobium ˆwsWx7 is purposed as a high strength additive to steel, stainless steel, pipelines, ships, all aircraft and especially car and truck bodies. Adding Niobium reduces the amount and weight of steel required for all these industries and helps further Canada’s green initiative. Saville Resources Inc president Michael Hodge appreciates the heritage of the land including the history of the old Fort-Mackenzie to the west of the Niobium deposit. In 2007, Hodge arrived with the geologist and field crew for the initial site installation followed by prospecting and soil sampling. All this activity set the stage for the discovery in 2009 of the sought-after deposits near the centre of the combined claims. The base of operations was ultimately named Camp Valcourt after their beloved camp manager Marco Valcourt who passed away in 2013. Valcourt was the driving force in ensuring that the camp operated to the highest standard, both operationally and environmentally. His legacy was the rock to Commerce Resources being recognized in 2015 with the e3 Plus Award from the Association de l'exploration minière du Québec (AMEQ) for adherence to industry best practices. Dugie Wellman succeeded as camp manager. Location & Transport Tivi Inc. (Kuujjuaq) provided the bulk expediting. Johnny May Air Charters lifted kit and personnel. Avataa Explorations and Logistics Inc. (Kuujjuaq) delivered on requested environmental assignments including drilling, the latter in a joint venture with Forages Rouillier Drilling. The combined projects anticipate the employment of a significant number of Nunavummiut when they hit full production and many more during the construction phase. National and international stakeholders can appreciate that Quebec is viewed a top destination for mining investment. Both the governments of Canada and Quebec have delivered technical and financial support with the Université Laval participating scientifically.

Letter of Intent signed by Maggie Emudluk (Makivik), Sammy Koneak (Nayumivik Land Holding), Christopher Groves and Darren L. Smith for Commerce Resources Corp. on May 15, 2019. © Commerce Resources Corp. SEPTEMBEROCTOBER 2020 | 05

Commerce Resources’ Rare Earths Elements and planned for hydro-metallurgy facility off the eastern St Lawrence, positions it for sales and easy shipping globally. This prospect is in addition to its associated potential co-products fluorspar and niobium to come on market. Ultimately, the success of this production must include Nunavik’s public in the spirit of the May 15, 2019 Letter-of-Intent.

Kuujjuammiut Ben Saunders and Jason Saunders adjusting to their work in Rare Earths.

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How Arctic animals thrive in some of the harshest environments on Earth

Unrelenting winters and short summers create a less than ideal environment for life to flourish. Yet, the Arctic still has an abundance of unique life that has adapted to this environment and thrives in it. Grizzly bears that slowly evolved into the iconic polar bear, the intricate cycle of caribou antlers, and the masterful layering system of the muskox — these adaptations allow Arctic animals to survive.

Text and photos by Weber Arctic

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Polar bears Due to their size and fierce reputation, it would seem that polar bears are the modern siblings of some prehistoric mega bear. This is false, however, as their lineage still walks the earth with them today. Scientists say that genetic tracking indicates that thousands of years ago, grizzly bears began moving north to inhabit a previously bear-less environment. As they did so, numerous adaptations occurred to produce the now distinctly different polar bear. The harsh conditions favoured larger and stronger bears meaning the smaller bears would not survive to reproduce and pass on their genes. As they travelled further and further north, the flora that consisted of the majority of their diet began to disappear. This forced them to focus on the large fauna inhabiting the ocean such as ringed and bearded seals. The brown fur that wasn’t a problem when they ate berries all summer and slept all winter was an obvious problem while hunting on the ice. Over time, a genetic mutation caused the classic white fur on a polar bear to become the dominating gene and a new species was born. One of the most interesting adaptations in the Arctic is the polar bear’s heat recycling method. Although they have shiny white fur, the actual skin beneath their fur is black. This allows them to reuse the energy that would otherwise be lost. The heat radiating off the body of the polar bear is reflected by its shiny white fur back to its heat absorbing black skin — nature's take on an emergency blanket. Polar bears have two layers of insulating fur with a greasy outer layer to shed water quickly. Their dependence on marine mammals for food has forced them to be very strong swimmers. With slightly webbed feet, they can swim at speeds of up to 10 kmph. At Arctic Haven Wilderness Lodge on the shores of Ennadai Lake in the Nunavut Barrens and at Arctic Watch Wilderness Lodge on Somerset Island, we can see both grizzly bears and polar bears.

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A large male barren land grizzly bear seen from afar touring the tundra.

A Mother polar bear with her two large cubs swim off the shores of Somerset Island.

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A small herd of caribou composed of calves and cows from the Qamanirjuaq herd tour the tundra at Arctic Haven.

Caribou: Unlike their deer and moose relatives, both male and female Caribou grow antlers. If antlers main purpose in male deer and moose is for sexual selection, why then do both sexes of caribou grow them? Male caribou begin growing antlers in the spring to have their fully formed antlers by the rut in the fall. Soon after the rut, as the males lose their antlers, the females are just beginning to grow theirs. While the malesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; antlers are larger and meant for battling other males and impressing females, the females are smaller and meant to give them an advantage over feeding rights. By spring, even the non-pregnant females shed their antlers so that the only herd members with antlers are pregnant females. This gives the herd members that need access to food the most the means to shove non-antler bearing caribou out of the way. Arctic Haven is set along the Qamanirjuaq caribou herd's migration route from their calving grounds in the Barrens to their winter home at the tree line.

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Cow and calf muskox graze along the shores of Ennadai Lake at Arctic Haven Lodge.

Muskox: Muskox, from the family of Bovidae which includes sheep and goats, have mastered the layering system. It is no secret why the muskoxen’s inner layer of fur, called qiviut, is a highly regarded clothing material — it is very warm! While their qiviut insulates from the inside, their outer guard hairs protect them from wind, precipitation, and insects. These guard hairs are very long and shaggy, giving the impression that muskox are much larger than they are. Muskox have also developed a unique way of insulating by using their fat reserves. Due to the short summer season, they go on a feeding frenzy when the vegetation is abundant to obtain a fat layer that will generate body heat come winter. Most interestingly, young muskox are already born with this fat layer. This is necessary to their survival as they are born right into the frigid temperatures that demand more heat than their short fur can provide. The most recognizable feature of a muskox is its reinforced skull that has horns protruding from either side of it. This allows them to protect themselves from predators and fellow herd members in fights. Check out a video of these head plates in action here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8ZcNykA8vg Both Arctic Haven and Arctic Watch have local muskox herds. SEPTEMBEROCTOBER 2020 | 05

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Alicia Aragutak When trauma makes us stronger By Isuarsivik Communications Services “Over the years, I’ve found the help I needed to understand and accept my past. Today, I’m better equipped. I can channel my positive energies and keep my eyes turned to the future.” Family picture: Alicia Aragutak, Joanna Cooper, Maatali Aragutak and Daniel Barrett. © Alicia Aragutak

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licia Aragutak grew up in Umiujaq, Nunavik, surrounded by fewer than 500 other living souls and she has a lot to say about her childhood in this small community. Her story emerges as the perfect product of colonization, as the story of a woman who witnessed and experienced intergenerational trauma first-hand. Alicia grew up as the daughter of a mother who experienced residential schools, and as the granddaughter of grandparents who experienced extreme famine and the sled dogs’ massacre by governments. She was a young victim of the unfortunate traumas of her people’s history. When she looks back on her childhood, she sees long days punctuated by cold and hunger, being cared for by an alcoholic mother incapable of providing adequate food and clothing to cope with the extremes of weather. At nine years old, she was already reproducing the self-destructive behaviours she witnessed growing up. Alcohol consumption and unhealthy relationships appeared early in her life. At 15, she gave birth to her first child, but overwhelmed by events and unable to provide for her little one, she gave him to her older sister, a traditional Inuit adoption.

Qarjuit Youth Council Representatives Alicia Aragutak and Aleashia Echalook present their five-year strategic plan to Makivik Representatives, George Peters and François Dorval, as well as Secretariat à la jeunesse representatives, Pierre Turgeon and Danielle Francoeur in 2017. © Qarjuit Youth Council

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Alicia makes no secret of the fact that she was raised by the community. The hands that reached out to meet her basic needs had many different faces attached to it. And the music and stories she heard as she learned the fundamental values and traditions of her people were transmitted by many different voices. Alicia would have had every reason to give up and sink into the social problems that many young people who have suffered multiple trauma experience. Yet, at the dawn of her 28th year, pregnant with her third child, Alicia’s view of her world is more mature. She respects and appreciates the presence of her mother in her life, but she does not hide the fact that she wants to be a good maternal role model, one she never experienced herself. Today, Alicia is the Executive Director of the Isuarsivik Regional Recovery Centre, the only centre in Nunavik dedicated to providing an inpatient healing program for Nunavummiut with substance problem and trauma. She now has a new lease on life and the chance to pursue her secret dream of playing an important role in the region’s recovery. Alicia can help her people deal with trauma by improving access to culturally

Sarah Kokkinerk, Louisa Cookie-Brown, Alicia Aragutak, Aleashia Echalook and Vanessa Aragutak at the Grand Opening of the new Qarjuit office in 2018. © Samuel Lagacé SEPTEMBEROCTOBER 2020 | 05

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appropriate health care. She feels privileged to serve as the Executive Director, a position she took in 2018 after several years representing youth as a board member. She is committed to making recovery a necessary process in the development and emancipation of her people. What drives her above all else is helping her people finally shape their own strong identity, one that blends tradition and modernity. Her work on this matter is now focused on recovery and we can see it come to life in the preparation and planning work for the new Isuarsivik Centre opening planned for 2023. This is a major project for the region since it will triple the capacity of the current centre and offer more healing services for families, pregnant women, and many other people who need it. Alicia’s drive, commitment, and ambition to provide a better future for those struggling with substance problems make her a role model for the youth of her generation. This year, she became the first Nunavummiut to receive the Indspire Award — Inuit Youth. Many wonder how, despite her past, Alicia was able to become a young woman proud of her history and origins. It all started in her early twenties, when she found the help she needed to understand and begin a healing and recovery process. Fully aware that we can’t let our trials and tribulations be forgotten, Alicia still came to understand the importance of not feeding the fire of fear, sorrow, and sadness caused by events beyond her control. Instead, she draws her strength from the negative energy derived from the traumas of colonization and transforms it into a positive force to find solutions and implement concrete actions. Alicia is proud of her history. The diversity and richness of it have contributed to her becoming an inspired person well equipped to take a stand and assume her responsibilities as a leader. This dedication is most likely the result of having, again in her adulthood, felt all these hands and voices supporting her. Thanks to them, Alicia quickly learned to get involved in various committees and community groups, where she made valuable encounters that influenced her career path. Since then, she has been driven by the concept of “pay it forward,” especially to the communities that have taken care of her in the most difficult moments of her life — the same communities that have allowed her to become the strong and glowing woman she is today.

Alicia Aragutak introducing all guests attending the ground-breaking ceremony for the new Isuarsivik Regional Recovery Centre on August 29, 2019. © Samuel Lagacé

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ADVENTURE

Following Frobisher Land trips in Nunavut full of surprises Text and photos by Nick Newbery Frobisher was one of the first Europeans documented as visiting South Baffin in the 16th century. He was supposedly trying to find a route to the spices and silks of the Orient but was distracted by the possibility of discovering large quantities of surface gold reserves. One summer, I took a boat trip with Johnny Nowdlak and Glenn Williams, both renewable resource oﬃcers at the time, to Kadlunarn Island near the mouth of Frobisher Bay where Martin Frobisher had set up a base camp for two summers, quarrying iron pyrite, thinking it contained gold. At the camp we found artifacts providing evidence of a non‐Inuit campsite, where buildings had been erected, where attempts had been made to extract gold from local rocks, as well as a large gully where his ships had been hauled out of the water for repair. We came across several mine sites where rock extraction had taken place. During our visit to Kadlunarn Island and to that area on another occasion, we encountered bears quite a few times. One time a nanuq climbed into the boat twice, attempting to steal the caribou which was on the boat’s cabin roof, while on another occasion we came across a mother bear who had just caught a seal to feed the two cubs she had with her. Land trips in Nunavut always feel like an adventure, full of surprises! Nick Newbery taught in several communities in Nunavut from 1976-2005. The photos in this article are from Nick’s Arctic photo collection which can be found at www.newberyphotoarchives.ca and should be viewed from a historical perspective. Nick passed away February 2020. We will continue to publish articles we have on file from Nick, with his permission. Kadlunarn Island and Frobisher’s summer base, as viewed from a nearby Inuit campsite. Inuit monitored Frobisher’s group throughout their northern visits.

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ADVENTURE Top: Mother bear and cubs.

Bottom left: One of Frobisher’s mining sites on the mainland.

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Middle right: A nearby Inuit qarmaq at Kamaiyuk, a Thule camp site, where artifacts from Frobisher’s visit were easy to find.

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Bottom right: Like iron pyrite, black hornblende glitters, leading Frobisher to think he had found a gold-bearing rock on Kadlunarn Island.

YOUTH

Josh MacPherson (14) in the bow, and assistant trip leader Andrew Anavilok (17), both from Cambridge Bay, in the lead canoe on the Pensive Lakes, NWT. © Jackpine Paddle/Keith Robertson

Canoe expedition for Nunavut youth builds strengths

“On this trip, I learned a lot of things. This means the world to me,” writes Jordan Allukpik, 15, from Kugaaruk, Nunavut, after a 12‐day expedition in the sub‐Arctic wilderness 100 km northeast of Yellowknife. “My fav thing about this trip was getting to meet new friends, paddling along with the rapids, and everything else. This trip was super fun.” Allukpik was one of 12 Inuit youth from Nunavut sponsored by the Ayalik Fund to participate in a canoe expedition organized by Yellowknife outfitter Jackpine Paddle. Every year, Ayalik provides opportunities for Inuit youth to build self‐esteem and confidence,

through challenging outdoor adventure. This summer, one slightly older youth, who has travelled with Ayalik previously, was selected to train as an assistant guide. All airfare and trip costs were supported by private donations to the Ayalik Fund, established in 2015. Over the past five years, 100 Inuit youth from Nunavut have had such experiences: backpacking treks in the mountains, tall‐ship sailing expeditions on the Great Lakes and the Gulf of St.Lawrence, sea‐kayaking in Clayoquot Sound, and other canoe adventures in northern Ontario and NWT. The boys started with two days of skills‐ training, learning the basics of paddling a

canoe, before heading out through Tibbitt Lake, the Pensive Lakes, and down the rapids of the Cameron River. In all, they paddled 60 km, stopping along the way to camp, swim, prepare delicious meals together, play games, learn new skills, and just enjoy being out on the land and living healthily, all the while developing new friendships along with confidence and pride in themselves. The toughest part, the boys agreed, was the portaging. “We did so much portaging that my arms and legs got sore,” says Hector Inuksaq, 14, also from Kugaaruk. But “even though the portages were hard, I wouldn’t mind more. They helped

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YOUTH

Hector Inuksaq (14) from Kugaaruk on portages: ”They helped me get stronger. I’m going home stronger.”

me get stronger. I’m going home stronger.” Those words refer to a lot more than just physical strength, say the folks behind the Ayalik project. With many youth today struggling to navigate a way forward, the Ayalik program is providing opportunities which help young people from Nunavut reach their full potential by encourag‐ ing them to believe in themselves and their possibilities. It is well‐established that spending time in nature, i.e. engaged in activity “on the land,” has a positive impact for us all, for both mental health and physical well‐being. Beyond that, Ayalik believes that challenging outdoor adventures have a profound and lasting impact on the Inuit youth participants. Expedition leader Dan Wong, owner/operator of Jackpine Paddle, summed up the experience: “It gave them a real sense of accomplishment,

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The 12 boys from Nunavut, together with trip leaders, ready for a day of paddling.

having overcome these challenges that are very tough, but it shows [them] that they’re also very strong. I think they learned that people care about them.” As the trip neared its conclusion, Josh Kaosoni, 15, from Cambridge Bay, writes his final thoughts: “This is the best trip I had in all my life. It’s been a lot of fun and it is still fun to this day. I made a lot of new friends — they are close like brothers to me. Today I am still learning new things and it’s the best camp I had been on.” Building self‐esteem and resilience in Inuit youth – that’s what the Ayalik Fund is all about. You too can help. To learn how, go to www.AyalikFund.ca Jovon Jake Sanertanut (15) from Kugaaruk enjoys the warm water with his friends.

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C U LT U R E

Hiking in the British Mountains. L-R: Cassidy Lennie-Ipana, Starr Elanik, Jason Lau, Ashley Piskor and Angelina Joe. © Lisa Hodgetts

Inuvialuit Living History Project promotes on-the-land activities We are flying low over the British Mountains, their bare peaks and ridges streaked with pink and grey. Fingers of green vegetation reach up from the valley bottoms. The summits feel almost close enough to touch. Suddenly, they give way to a broad green valley. The twin otter banks left and descends to follow the deeply etched line of Qikiqtaruk Kunga (the Firth River). We crane our necks to look for game and catch a glimpse of the airstrip — a stretch of open flat ground amid the scattered spruce trees. We have arrived! It is the summer of 2019 and we are a group of Inuvialuit Elders, Knowledge Holders and youth, along with university‐based anthropologists and archaeologists, and a videographer from the Inuvialuit Communications Society. We have come together at Imniarvik (Sheep Creek) in Ivvavik National Park, Yukon Territory, as part of the Inuvialuit Living History (ILH) project. Parks Canada, who maintain a beautiful base camp at Imniarvik, helped to facilitate this on‐the‐land culture camp, along with project partners from the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre, Inuvialuit Communications Society, Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre, University of Western Ontario and Ursus Heritage.

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We will spend the next week engaging in traditional Inuvialuit activities and skills, sharing time and knowledge, visiting cultural sites, exploring Inuvialuit artifacts, laughing and learning together. The youth will learn to document their experiences in diﬀerent media, producing materials to share on the Inuvialuit Living History website (www.inuvialuitlivinghistory.ca). Over the course of the week, the Elders teach us to make spruce medicine and sour‐ dough pancakes. They share words and songs in Uummarmiutun, a dialect of Inuvialuktun Starr Elanik’s embroidery project in progress. © Becky Goodwin

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C U LT U R E Mervin Joe with his catch from Qikiqtaruk Kunga (the Firth River). One of these fish was our lunch at Niaqulik the next day. © Jason Lau

spoken in Aklavik and Inuvik, with origins in the Alaskan Iñupiaq language. The youth interview the Elders, who are encouraging and supportive, and each other. We spend a morning examining artifacts from cultural sites spanning the long Inuvialuit history in the region. We do craft projects and play games. One warm clear day, we travel by helicopter to Niaqulik on the Tariuq (Beaufort Sea) coast. We visit now roofless cabins, where family members of several camp participants once lived. We make a fire so we can bake a char caught the day before. As it cooks, Elder Renie Arey, whose mother Martha grew up here, shares Niaqulik’s history. The youth listen, captivated, by her powerful words: “You are all connected onto this land here in some way. I’m very proud of you coming out to learn more about your background. Be proud of who you are, even when you fall, get up and try it again. Move forward like your great‐great grand‐ parents did.” These youth have much to be proud of, both in terms of their rich history and their own accomplishments. As Angelina Joe wrote in her journal, spending time on the land with Elders is “keeping the history strong and alive for more generations to know.” She sketched Inuvialuit seasonal activities and made a video of her interview with Elders Renie Arey and Walter Bennett. Starr Elanik created embroideries inspired by the wildflowers she photographed all week. Hayven Elanik produced a poster about Inuvialuit traditional teachings and activities and put together a detailed family history. Mataya Gillis and Cassidy Lennie‐Ipana worked together to create a magazine, Nipatur̂uq, which 40

Renie Arey (centre) with Hayven (L) and Starr Elanik (R) in the girls’ great-grandmother Sarah Kalinek’s cabin at Niaqulik. © Lisa Hodgetts

First page of the very first issue of Nipatuȓuq magazine, created by Cassidy Lennie-Ipana and Mataya Gillis during the Inuvialuit Living History Culture Camp at Imniarvik. Front row L-R: Arlene Kogiak, Walter Bennett, Renie Arey, Mervin Joe. Centre row (L-R): Starr Elanik, Hayven Elanik, Angelina Joe, Cassidy Lennie-Ipana, Mataya Gillis. Back row (L-R): Becky Goodwin, Lisa Hodgetts, Natasha Lyons, David Stewart, Ashley Piskor, Jason Lau. © Mataya Gillis and Cassidy Lennie-Ipana

means ‘having a loud voice’. From their first issue about what being Inuvialuit means to the camp participants, they have since gone on to independently produce two more issues. Each of these projects featured on the ILH Facebook page will become part of a new version of the Inuvialuit Living History website, currently being developed. Here, we will share the experiences and knowledge exchanged over our week at Imniarvik. Others will be able to join us virtually

in the British Mountains and along the Yukon coast. We invite you to share in our journey. Submitted by Lisa Hodgetts, Natasha Lyons, Renie Arey, Walter Bennett, Mervin Joe, Hayven Elanik, Starr Elanik, Mataya Gillis, Rebecca Goodwin, Angelina Joe, Arlene Kogiak, Cassidy Lennie-Ipana, Jason Lau, Ashley Piskor, and David Stewart.

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RECIPE

Dene Style Arctic Char Fishcakes By Edmond Jessie Cardinal Ingredients: 6 cups cooked Arctic char 1 large onion, chopped 2 cups of crumbled oven bannock 2 cups of boiled potatoes 1/2 cup of ﬂour 1 cup of water Salt and pepper. Form into thick patties and place in frying pan with hot oil. Brown each side. Top with green onions and serve with tartar sauce. Enjoy!

Dene Spiced Burnt Sugar Muffins By Edmond Jessie Cardinal Passed down to me by my mother that was passed down to her from my grandmother. Burn in a frying pan 2 1/2 cups of white sugar. Should be coffee brown in colour. Then add 4 cups of water and set aside to cool. Substitute: 1 cup molasses and 4 cups of water Ingredients: Mix 6 cups of flour 5 tsp baking powder 1 tsp baking soda 2 eggs 3/4 cup oil 2 tsp cinnamon 1 1/2 tsp nutmeg 1/2 tsp cloves 3/4 cup sugar 1 cup dark raisins Taste your dough. If you want it spicier or sweeter, then add more ingredients! Add burnt sugar water until dough is sticky, like thick muffin batter. Grease pans and bake at 390 degrees.

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BOOKSHELF

The Klondike Gold Rush Steamers Harbour Publishing Robert D. Turner October 2019 For about 60 years, steamers were the most important form of transportation for the vast region along the course of the Yukon River. From the fur trade era, the Klondike Gold Rush days, wartime, and tourism seasons, the history of Yukon River Steamboats, their builders and crew, and the services they provided come alive in this illustrated volume. Based on countless hours of field and archival research, it includes over 600 photos and provides the full history of Yukon River steamers.

Voyage With the Labrador Eskimos, 1880-1881, Second Edition Johan Adrian Jacobsen Polar Horizons December 2019 In August 1880, Norwegian Johan Adrian Jacobsen recruited two Labrador Inuit families for a European ethnographical exhibit. The eight individuals, aged nine months to 50 years, were exhibited in Hamburg, Berlin, Prague, and Frankfurt before they suddenly started dying. Discover the thoughts and qualms of this 27‐year‐old man while trying to recruit families for the exhibit; when Abraham Ulrikab agreed to accompany him with his family; the heartbreaking moment when Abraham had to hand over his three‐year‐old daughter to a hospital in Germany; and the horror of being admitted to the smallpox unit of a Paris hospital where the Labrador Inuit families, among others, suﬀered and died around him. The book is an enlarged edition from 86 to 300 pages. It includes the English translation of a larger extract of Jacobsen’s diary, new findings and additional information, such as correspondence from family, friends, and business partners, plus 54 photos and illustrations. The new material was translated from Norwegian/Danish/German to English by Dieter Riedel.

Kenojuak Ashevak: Life and Legacy Edited by Leslie Boyd Pomegranate January 2020 Kenojuak Ashevak's ground‐breaking art speaks to her interconnecting roles as an artist, mother and member of the Cape Dorset Inuit community in Nunavut. This book fosters those connections by putting her prints next to their original drawings. It includes a foreword written by Silaqi Ashevak, Kenojuak’s daughter, and an essay about the author’s life by Leslie Boyd, both in English, French and Inuktitut. There is also a travelling art exhibition throughout Canada for the next two years featuring the artwork in the book.

Carrying a good selection of northern titles. Check out the website. We ship worldwide! 4921 - 49th Street Yellowknife, NT X1A 2N9 1-800-944-6029 / 867-920-2220

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TRIVIA

Arctic Trivia Quiz

BY ALAN G. LUKE

Audacious international Arctic adventurers have explored our nation’s northern regions in search of wealth and a key trade route. Inukshuks, cairns, relics and assorted artifacts are found in mute testimony to the bold expeditions they endured during their dauntless endeavours. Test your knowledge of these historic intrepid travellers. 1. Jacques Cartier (1491‐1557) led three expeditions up the St. Lawrence River in search of the Northeast Passage (1534‐35‐41). These expeditions would subsequently enable France to lay claim to the lands that would be known as “Kanata” (later Canada). What did this translate into from the Huron‐Iroquois Nations language? a) “new land” b) “and of plenty” c) “settlement” d) “meeting place”

4. During 1903‐06, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen (1872‐1928), led the first expedition to traverse the Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. He was also the leader of the first air expedition to the North Pole in what year? a) 1908 c) 1914 b) 1920 d) 1926 5. Sir John Franklin (1786‐1847), disappeared while on an expedition to chart and navigate the Northwest Passage in 1847. Two years earlier, Franklin was given command of what specialized warship used during the War of 1812? a) HMS Erebus b) HMS Terror c) HMS Polaris d) HMS Challenger

Roald Amundsen.

8. Knud Rasmussen (1879 – 1933) was a Danish polar explorer who was the first European to traverse the entire Northwest Passage via dog sled. He compiled information pertaining to archaeological, biological, and ethnographic data on the Inuit culture during his six Thule Expeditions. What did “Thule” (aka Qaanaaq) represent (in 1910)? a) A wooden Viking vessel b) Historic maritime Arctic passageway c) Most northernly trading post in the world d) Indigenous name for Inuit heritage

Martin Frobisher.

2. Sir Martin Frobisher (1535‐94), was a British mariner, privateer, and explorer. The seaman completed three voyages in search of the Northwest Passage. On what Arctic island will you find Frobisher Bay? a) Prince Charles Island b) King William Island c) Wales Island d) Baﬃn Island 3. Which French explorer was instrumental in forming the Hudson Bay Company (a fur trading monopoly) in 1670 after receiving a royal charter for the exclusive rights to the land surrounding Hudson Bay? a) Pierre Radisson b) Samuel de Champlain c) Jean Ribault d) Nicolas Denys 2. 3. 4. 5.

ANSWERS: 1. c) “settlement” (or “village”) d) Baﬃn Island a) Pierre Radisson d) 1926 b) HMS Terror

6. b) Quttinirpaaq National Park 7. d) 1909 8. c) Most northernly trading post in the world 9. b) Brigus, NL 10. a) Admiral Byrd

6. Ellesmere Island (NU) was named for the Earl of Ellesmere during the Sir Edward Inglefield expedition in 1852. Next to Greenland it has the second most northernly national park on earth and the second largest in Canada. Ellesmere is a true polar desert and in 2000 an oﬃcial National Park was created on the northern part of the island and its name translates into “top of the world” in Inuktitut. Which one of the following applies? a) Auyuittuq b) Quttinirpaaq c) Aulavik d) Ivvavik

9. Robert Bartlett (1875‐1946) was an Arctic explorer who went on three expeditions with Robert Peary. In 2009, to commemorate the centennial of his last expedition, Canada Post issued (a 54‐cent) postage stamp. In what Canadian town was he born? a) Abbottsford, BC b) Brigus, NL c) Churchill. MB d) Dresden, ON

7. Robert Peary Sr. (1856‐1920) led seven Arctic expeditions with his African American assistant, Matthew Henson. In what year were they reputedly the first to reach the North Pole? a) 1894 b) 1899 c) 1904 d) 1909

10.Which explorer revealed in a candid interview that he had encountered a new enemy (“UFO”) that could fly from pole to pole at incredible speeds, during Operation High Jump. a) Admiral Byrd b) Admiral Halsey c) Robert Scott d) Ernest Shackleton All images credit: Alan G. Luke

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INUIT FORUM

Seeking leaders and those on the cusp of leadership As an employer, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami is committed to priority hiring of Inuit, as well as to advancing Inuit into senior roles and supporting staff to succeed in work that in turn creates a better future for our people. We endeavour every day to be a workplace that is representative of and responsive to the populations we serve. Through our political advocacy we support Inuit in pursuing their passions and finding their place in the world. Of all the directions that life may lead, it remains my sincere hope that talented Inuit will continue to choose a career with ITK to help advance Inuit self‐determination. I have worked for Inuit my entire professional career. I chose this path because I want to help Inuit in the greatest way I can, with purpose and respect. I believe our organizations do important work in helping realize Inuit self‐determination. At ITK, we advance Inuit‐driven solutions to complex challenges through research, policy guidance, political advocacy, and public education. We are looking for people who are driven to break down the systemic barriers to social equity in Canada and inspired by the possibilities of Crown‐Inuit reconciliation. Like any organization, we face specific challenges in recruiting. We have taken substantial steps over the past several years to ensure that our compensation packages are competitive, that our staff are able to pursue personal and professional growth through employer‐funded training allowances, that our leave policies are compassionate and responsive to the needs of families, and that our workplace is diverse and centred on Inuit values. I also appreciate that the type of work that we do can seem abstract to many people just entering the workforce. The day‐to‐day goals of supporting long‐term transformational change are sometimes difficult to appreciate. We also work on some of the most challenging issues facing Inuit today, and that can be overwhelming at times. We have taken a team approach to our corporate structure to ensure that the loads we carry do not exceed our capacity, and that our capacity grows over time. Within ITK’s department of policy advancement, staff work with regional and federal counterparts to identify and implement the coordinated actions needed to improve health, environmental and socio‐ economic outcomes for Inuit. This work is supported by departments with expertise in research, communications, finance and administration, and human resources, which facilitate Inuit‐led research, disseminate Inuit‐specific data and information, and unify Inuit across Canada through public outreach and education. We are seeking leaders and those on the cusp of leadership who recognize the potential of participating in the incremental steps of self‐ determination. Leadership is not a job title. It is a series of qualities and

BE AN ADVOCATE FOR CHANGE! Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami is the national representative organization for Inuit in Canada. We advance Inuit-driven solutions to complex challenges through research, policy guidance, political advocacy and public education.

We are looking for people who are driven to break down the systemic barriers to social equity in Canada and inspired by the possibilities of Inuit-Crown reconciliation.

Visit us online and learn how you can contribute to achieving our vision of a Canada in which Inuit prosper through unity and self-determination.

www.itk.ca/category/work-for-itk

behaviours associated with responsibility and accountability. A leader is someone who can identify needs and pair them with action. You may demonstrate leadership within your family or community, at school or on a sports team. If you are reading this today, I want to encourage you to hone those skills as a member of our team. We are seeking those who want to make a diﬀerence, to learn and to grow, and who know that whatever they have accomplished, there is still someone they can learn from and someone they can teach. What we oﬀer is a structured, supportive environment influenced by Inuit world‐ view and vision. There is enormous work to do to ensure that our people achieve prosperity and exercise our right to self‐determination, express our culture and language and enjoy a standard of living comparable to that enjoyed by most other Canadians. Please consider joining us. Visit www.itk.ca/category/workforitk

Natan Obed President, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami

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Above & Beyond | Canada's Arctic Journal 2020 | 05

Articles inside

Bookshelf

Recipe

Arctic Trivia Quiz

Inuit Forum

Youth Canoe Expedition

Culture Inuvialuit Living History Project

Adventure Following Frobisher