index mōsam 160 mōsem 160 Mosul 23, 27 mountain region of Oman 77-98 mow 142 MSA 273-283; > Standard Arabic, fu£ ā, Classical Arabic mša%%īt 165 msažžel/msažžle 127 mu hēk ? 163 mu 142 mu axxam 113 mufaxxam 113 muhazzab 113 multicultural urban centres 227 multilingualism 227 Muntafiq 105 murūne 114, 115 Musandam 77 musaqqaf 115 Muscat 81 mūsem 160 Muslim Baghdadi 17-38 Muslim(s) 17-38, 46, 47, 64, 109-168 Mu air 99 mutual intelligibility 51, 147, 148, 179, 203, 206, 238, 242 mwāžeh 126 Nabataean 5, 7, 8, 9 na ārāt 161 nā*em 115 Na|d / Najd Arabic 43, 53, 95, 99, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 180, 183, 203-221 nahǝr 131 Najdi resyllabification rule 24, 38 nār 131, 132 narbīš 163 Nā£iriyyah 99 natural drift/change 11, 21, 23, 26, 33, 35, 37 naturalness of change 11, 21, 23, 33 nāzīk 114, 115 nǝ/a ǝn 135 negation 92, 121, 124, 139, 140, 142, 193, 280, nǝ ǝn 135 nǝ na/na na 134 nǝḥna/naḥna 27, 28, 134, 152 nǝ bō 161
293
network: social __ 210, 232, 238, 240, 252 New Guinea 176 newly-built suburb > Dummar nhār 132 Niger-Congo language 179 Nigeria Arabic 65, 69 Nile Valley 66 Nile-Delta 41-57, 65 Nilo-Saharan language 179 nomad(ic) 32, 77, 78, 95, 99, 102, 103, 105, 106 nominalization of verbs 187, 198, 279 non-concatenative lexical structure 189 non-contingency marker 21 norm: dialect __ 117 norms: dialectological __ 43, 230 Norse: Old __ 174, 176 North Africa Arabic 10, 23, 47, 70, 179, 196 North America 175, 227, 232 Northeastern Neo-Aramaic 23 Norwich 224, 228 nūniyye 163 occupation 230 Oceania: Central __ 175 Old English 174 Oman Arabic 43, 65, 66, 72, 73, 77-98 opacity 175, 240 optative function/marker 20 Oran 73 ordering: diachronic __ 188 orientation 230 orthography 7, 8, 9, 14, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53 overspill: urban __ 233 over-use of co-ordination 280 Pacific North West 176 palatalization 41, 42, 45, 57, 79, 80 Palestine Arabic 12, 25, 26, 52, 66, 69, 133, 146, 160, 189, 249, 250, 251, 257 Pama-Nyungan 175 Papuan 176 papyri: Aramaic __ 4, 21 paradigm transfer 188 paralinguistic features 273, 276, 280, 281, 283 parallelism 280 passive: apophonic __ 35, 88, 94 past tense: irregular __ 174 pastoralism 77, 230